英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Body Language导学案

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language

每/日/金/句：Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all！肢体语言是安静的、秘密的，并且是所有语言中最强有力的语言！

语言基础集释

探究新知　发展语言知识

1.(教材P40)We make assessments and inferences from body language.

我们从肢体语言中做出评估和推论。

◎assessment n．评价；评定

(1)make an assessment of    评估……

(2)assess vt.    评定；评估；评价

assess sth. at    估价为……

[佳句]　He wrote a very generous assessment of my work.

他给我写的工作评价多有赞誉之词。

[练通]——单句语法填空

①There is little ________ (assess) of the damage to the natural environment.

②They assessed the value of the house ________ over $250，000.

③Before we buy a house, we must have the house ________ (assess)．

2．(教材P41)We intended to visit the theme park but ended up calling on Professor Zhang.

我们原打算参观主题公园，但最后却拜访了张教授。

◎call on (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请；号召

call at    (火车等)停靠；拜访(某地)

call in    召集；请来

call back    回电话；收回

call for    需要；要求；接(人或物)

call off    取消

call up...    给……打电话；使……想起

[佳句]　The President called on the people to work hard to make the country rich and strong.

总统号召人民努力工作，使国家富强起来。

[练通]——用call的相关短语填空

①The game was ____________ because of the bad weather.

②The old picture ____________ memories of his childhood.

③The problem is that this kind of work ____________ a lot of patience.

[写美]——应用文佳句

④在地球日的前一周，我们学校里贴满了海报，号召我们保护环境。

A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, ________________________________________________．

语法专项突破

动词-ing形式作宾语和表语

自主感知

①(教材P38)We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.

②(教材P38)The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.

③(教材P38)However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.

④(教材P39)A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.

⑤(教材P39)Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.

[发现]　(1)动词-ing作动词宾语的有 ________；动词-ing作介词(短语)宾语的有 ________。

(2)动词-ing形式作表语的句子有 ________。

语法规则

一、v.-ing作宾语的用法

1．牢记下列用v.-ing形式作宾语的动词：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, imagine, mind, practise, risk, suggest, miss, finish, keep等。

❶The student admitted being careless in doing homework.这个学生承认做家庭作业粗心。

❷She imagined walking into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them.

她想象自己走进办公室，对每个人说出自己对他们的看法。

❸He escaped being killed in the blast because he had not gone to work.

他因没有去上班而避免了在那次爆炸中丧生。

2．只能接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有： can't help, insist on, end up, feel like, succeed in, prevent/stop/keep...from, devote...to, look forward to, pay attention to, be accustomed to, be used to, get down to, stick to, lead to, object to等。

❶They insisted on visiting that plant next week.

他们坚持下个星期参观那家工厂。

❷I didn't succeed in making myself understood by him.

我没能让他理解我。

❸I have been looking forward to seeing you.

我一直盼望见到你。

3．在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow/advise/forbid/permit＋名词/代词＋不定式(宾语补足语)”形式。

❶Our teacher does not allow cheating to go unpunished.

我们的老师不允许作弊行为不受到惩罚。

❷He did not allow himself to be too upset by the news.他没有因听到这个消息而使自己过于烦恼。

❸They don't permit scratching paint off the wall.

他们不许刮掉墙上的油漆。

❹Her mother doesn't permit her to stay away at night.她母亲不允许她在外过夜。

4．动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。

❶The problem requires dealing with/to be dealt with immediately.这个问题要马上处理。

❷The building needs rewiring/to be rewired.

这座楼房需要重新安装电线。

5．有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不定式和动名词作宾语皆可，但含义不同。常见的有：

❶I've always regretted making friends with him.

我一直后悔和他交了朋友。

❷I regret to say that I can't attend your party.

很抱歉，我不能参加你们的晚会。

❸I tried sending her flowers but it didn't have any effect.我尝试送花给她，但是没有什么效果。

❹We must try to get everything done in time.

我们必须设法及时把一切做好。

[巧学活用1]　单句语法填空

①And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid ________ (eat) with heavier people who order large portions.

②To help us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested ________ (read) through our notes.

③We are all looking forward to ________ (visit) the museum soon.

④He doesn't really mean ________ (work) here, which means ________ (leave) the job soon afterwards.

⑤The deer was lucky and it just missed ________ (catch) by the hunter.

二、动词-ing形式作表语

1．v.-ing形式作表语， 表示抽象的一般性的行为， 用来说明主语的内容， 与主语通常是同一概念， 表语和主语通常可以交换位置。

Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.

＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.

她的工作是尽可能地使报告厅保持干净。

2．v.-ing形式作表语， 可以表示主语的某种性质或特征， 这类词可以看作形容词。

❶The argument is very convincing.

这个论点很令人信服。

❷The news that you will come to China this summer vacation is exciting.

这个暑假你要来中国的消息是令人兴奋的。

[巧学活用2]　单句语法填空

①He had a terrific sense of humour and could be very ________ (amuse)．

②The key to successful small talk is ________ (learn) how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.

③My hobby is ________ (sit) on the beach，staring at the blue sky.

④Your speech is very interesting and ________ (encourage)．

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language

Part 1

探究新知——发展语言知识

1．①assessment　②at　③assessed

2．①called off　②called up　③calls for　④calling on us to protect our environment

Part 2

自主感知

(1)③⑤　①④　(2)②④

语法规则

巧学活用1　①eating　②reading　③visiting　④to work; leaving　⑤being caught

巧学活用2　①amusing　②learning　③sitting　④encouraging