人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land优秀练习

Unit 5　Working the land

Period One　Reading and Thinking

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.She loves her job and d　　　　 herself to her career. 

2.The long hot summer has led to serious water s　　　　 in this area. 

3.When is the government going to t　　　　the problem of poverty in the inner cities? 

4.It’s useless trying to c　　　　 her that she doesn’t need to lose any weight. 

5.Sentimentality(多愁善感) seems a c　　　　 of all the writers of that period. 

6.Most of our students　　　　(获得了) five “A” grades in their exams. 

7.The experiments 　　　　(产出) some surprising results last week. 

8.What are we to do next under the 　　　　(假设) that the majority are against the plan?  

9.More money is needed to 　　　　(使增长) the industry. 

10.He was sweating from the 　　　　(强烈的) heat. 

Ⅱ.单句填空

1.They intend to have a major touring exhibition 　　　　(devote) to the work of disabled artists. 

2.Schools nationwide are experiencing a 　　　　(short) of teachers. 

3.It was difficult　　　　 (estimate) how many trees had been destroyed. 

4.She 　　　　(overcome) injury to win the Olympic gold medal. 

5.As a nation, our 　　　　(consume) of junk food is horrifying. 

6.I do not really like this chicken dish because it’s too 　　　　(salt). 

7.The proposal 　　　　(generate) a lot of interest so far. 

8.She loves to read about the lives of 　　　　(celebrity). 

9.This is what I 　　　　(vision) what a Chinese house in Beijing could be.  

10.Romantic novels provide an escape from　　　　(real). 

Ⅲ.短语填空

be comprised of; deep down; devote…to…; tackle the crisis; overcome(great) difficulties; fulfil one’s dreams; given that…; far from;generate from;at home and abroad

1.It is tough, but maybe it is possible to find a peaceful solution to　　　　　　　　. 

2.He 　　　　　　　　and at last made great achievements in his field. 

3.The class 　　　　mainly 　　　　Italian and French students. 

4.　　　　　　　　being relaxed, we both felt so uncomfortable and we hardly spoke. 

5.　　　　　　　　they’re new here, I will guide them around the city. 

6.I have so many friends, but　　　　　　　　, I have a fear of loneliness.  

7.A lot of economic law disputes, which 　　　　　　　　the real life, need to be settled.  

8.The firm has identified 60 potential customers 　　　　　　　　　　.  

9.The report recommends that more resources　　　　　　　　　　teaching four-year-olds. 

10.He must be patient in order to 　　　　　　　　. 

Ⅳ.句型训练

1.　　　　　　　　　　we will have 300 visitors, but the actual number was much higher.(estimate) 

据估计我们将有300名游客,但实际人数要高得多。

2.His handwriting is like　　　　　　　　　　.(that) 

他的笔迹像一个比他小得多的孩子的。

3.These machines are better than　　　　　　　　　　.(turn out) 这些机器比我们去年生产的那些好。 

4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he doesn’t know where the differences between the two books lie.(surprise) 

最使我们感到惊讶的是他不知道这两本书的不同之处。

5.　　　　　　　　　, they have done a good job.(given) 

考虑到他们缺乏经验,这项工作他们做得不错。

Ⅴ.阅读理解

Close to the North Pole,remote and rocky Plateau Mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard seems an unlikely spot for any global effort to safeguard agriculture. In this cold and deserted environment,no grains,no gardens,no trees can grow. Yet at the end of a 130-metre-long tunnel cut out of solid stone is a room filled with humanity’s most precious treasure, the largest and most diverse seed collection—more than a half-billion seeds.

A quiet rescue mission is under way. With growing evidence that unchecked climate change will seriously affect food production and threaten the diversity (多样性) of crops around the world,the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (地窖) represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation (贮藏) of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits found within the seeds:the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot,dry weather.

Few people will ever see or come into contact with the contents of this vault. In sealed boxes,behind multiple locked doors,monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in below-zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress. Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years.

Everyone can look back now and say that the Seed Vault was a good and obvious idea, and that of course the Norwegian government should have approved and funded it. But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy,impractical, and expensive idea.

We knew that nothing would provide a definite guarantee. But we were tired,fed up,and frankly scared of the steady, greater losses of crop diversity. The Seed Vault was built by optimists who wanted to do something to preserve options so that humanity and its crops might be better prepared for change. If it simply resupplied seed gene banks with samples those gene banks had lost, this would repay our efforts.

The Seed Vault is about hope and commitment—about what can be done if countries come together and work cooperatively to accomplish something significant,long-lasting,and worthy of who we are and wish to be.

(　　)1.According to the passage, the Seed Vault is 　　　　. 

A.a tunnel where the collected seeds are displayed

B.a stone room that contains the seeds of endangered crops

C.a seed gene bank that stores diverse seeds for future agriculture

D.a lab where researchers study how to maintain the diversity of crops

(　　)2.The underlined word “viable” in Paragraph 3 probably means “　　　　”. 

A.mature  

B.clean

C.alive  

D.valuable

(　　)3.Paragraph 3 mainly tells us 　　　　. 

A.how the seeds are preserved

B.where people keep the seeds

C.why the seeds are protected

D.what people do to study the seeds

(　　)4.We can know from the passage that 　　　　. 

A.the Seed Vault offers a solution to climate change

B.most countries took part in rescuing the seed varieties

C.the Seed Vault guarantees to prevent the loss of crop diversity

D.many people originally considered building the Seed Vault unwise

Ⅵ.语法填空

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I’m Yuan Longping. Look at my sunburnt face and arms and my slim strong body and you will think I’m 1.　　　　     (much) like a farmer than a scientist. In fact I 2.　　　　    (struggle) for the past five decades to help 3.　　　　    (farmer). In 1973, I began to grow so-called super hybrid rice. This special strain of rice makes 4.　　　　     possible to produce 20% more of the crops in the same fields.  

I was born into a poor farmer’s family in 1930. When I was young, I saw many people go hungry often. So I have devoted myself to 5.　　　　    (find) ways to increasing rice harvest without expanding the area of fields since I graduated from South-west Agriculture College in 1953. Now more than 60% of the rice 6.　　　　    (produce) in China each year is from this hybrid strain. I am circulating this knowledge in India, Vietnam and other less developed countries to increase their harvests. Perhaps you think I am rich. 7.　　　　    (actual) I live a simple life. I care little for money. In my opinion, a person with too much money will have more troubles. I don’t want to be famous 8.　　　　     I prefer to have more time to do my research. In my free time I love listening to music, playing mahjong and reading. I once had a dream, in 9.　　　　     I saw rice plants as tall as sorghum and each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. Now I have another dream—to export my rice so that it can 10.　　　　    (grow) all over the world.  

参考答案

Ⅰ.1.devotes　2.shortages　3.tackle　4.convince　5.characteristic

6.attained　7.yielded　8.assumption　9.boost　10.intense

Ⅱ.1.devoted　2.shortage　3.to estimate　4.overcame　5.consumption

6.salty　7.has generated　8.celebrities　9.envision　10.reality

Ⅲ.1.tackle the crisis　2.overcame (great) difficulties　3.is comprised; of

4.Far from　5.Given that　6.deep down　7.generate from

8.at home and abroad　9.be devoted to　10.fulfil his dreams

Ⅳ.1.It’s estimated that　2.that of a much younger child

3.those we turned out last year　4.What surprised us most is that

5.Given that they are inexperienced

Ⅴ.【文章大意】 这是一篇科普类阅读。文章介绍了种子基因库,它是为未来的农业储存多种种子的地方。

1.C　推理判断题。由第二段“…the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (地窖) represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation (贮藏) of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits found within the seeds:the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot,dry weather.”可推断出Seed Vault是一个种子基因库,为未来的农业储存多种种子,故选C。

2.C　词义猜测题。下文“Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years.”说有些种子能够保持它们生长的能力达数千年。由此推断出上文的意思是在这样的条件下,大多数主要农作物的种子都能在山中保存数百年。viable的意思是“活着的”。mature成熟的;clean干净的;alive活着的; valuable有价值的。故选C。

3.A　段落大意题。答案定位在第三段“In sealed boxes,behind multiple locked doors,monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in below-zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress.(在密封的盒子里,在多个锁着的门后面,由电子安全系统监控,笼罩在零下的温度,被许多岩石包围,数以百万计的种子被山中堡垒所保护。)”由此可知,这一段主要讲了种子是如何被保存的,故选A。

4.D　推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第三段“But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy,impractical, and expensive idea.(但早在2004年,有人提出种子库时,它被视为一个疯狂的、不切实际的和昂贵的想法。)”由此推断出最初,许多人认为修建种子库是不明智的,故选D。

Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文中科学家袁隆平通过自述,使我们了解了有关他的事宜,以及他为世界杂交水稻所做出的巨大贡献。

1.more　考查固定结构。句意:看看我晒得黝黑的脸和胳膊,还有我那细长强壮的身体,你会认为我更像一个农民而不是一个科学家。more…than…与其说……,倒不如说……。

2.have struggled/have been struggling　考查时态。句意:事实上,在过去的五十年里,我一直在努力帮助农民。根据for the past five decades可知句子用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。

3.farmers　考查名词复数。句意:事实上,在过去的五十年里,我一直在努力帮助农民。由此可知此处用名词复数形式。

4.it　考查it的用法。句意:这种特殊的水稻品种使得在相同田地里多生产20%的产量成为可能。此处it是形式宾语,后面的动词不定式是真正的宾语。

5.finding　考查固定结构。devote oneself to “献身于……”,此处to是介词,所以后面的动词用动名词。

6.produced　考查非谓语动词。句意:现在,中国每年生产的大米中,超过60%来自这种杂交品种。此处the rice 和produce之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语,故答案为produced。

7.Actually　考查副词。句意:事实上我过着简单的生活。此处是副词修饰整个句子。

8.because/and　考查连词。句意:我不想出名,因为我更愿意有更多的时间来做我的研究。或:我不想出名,我更愿意有更多的时间来做我的研究。由此可知此空可以填because引导原因状语从句,也可填and构成并列句。

9.which　考查定语从句。此处a dream是先行词,指物,后面是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,指人用whom,指物用which。

10.be grown　考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意:现在我有了另一个梦想——出口我的大米,这样它就可以在世界各地种植。此处it和grow之间是被动关系,是含情态动词can的被动语态。