福建省泉州市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省泉州市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了15， B， N cheap scares等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年度下学期泉州市高中教学质量监测
高一英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生须在试题卷，答题卡规定的位置填写自己的准考证号、姓名。考生应认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束，考生须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman think of the art festival?
A. Awful. B. Boring. C. Interesting.
2. What time is it now?
A. 9:25. B. 9:30. C. 9:35.
3. How did Lisa learn French?
A. By taking a course at school.
B. By learning from Catherine.
C. By teaching herself at home.
4. What is the man doing?
A. Writing reports about Nobel Prize.
B. Reading something about medicine.
C. Preparing for his school project.
5. How does the man go to work now?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is Cindy unhappy?
A. Miss Gale can’t help her.
B. The training course is hard.
C. She doesn’t like her teacher.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. A couple. C. Teacher and student.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What can we learn about the pollution?
A. It’s getting worse.
B. It suddenly occurs this year.
C. It’s being dealt with properly.
9. Why did Jenny work from home these days?
A. To escape the air pollution.
B. To treat her breathing problem.
C. To care for her grandparents.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. Where are the speakers?
A. In a library. B. At a concert. C. At a science class.
11. What did the woman think of scientists?
A. Hard-working and cheerful.
B. Humorous and committed to work.
C. Serious and living a boring life.
12. What musical instrument could Qian Xuesen play?
A. The violin. B. The piano. C. The guitar.
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about？
A. Some scientists’ passion for music.
B. Scientific research on benefits of music.
C. Scientists’ preference for musical instruments.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the woman most probably？
A. A radio hostess. B. A tour guide. C. An environmentalist.
15 How do some Tasmanians protect the trees？
A. By protesting against pollution.
B. By tying up trees.
C. By living up in trees.
16. What was the woman’s first reaction to Tasmanians’ behaviour?
A. She was shocked. B. She felt it interesting. C. She thought it crazy.
17. What can we say about the tree-cutting companies?
A. They always provide jobs.
B. They harm tourism.
C. They promote Tasmanian industry.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who is GCSE designed for?
A. Adult employees. B. University students. C. Teenagers about 16 years old.
19. Which major subject is regarded as the most difficult?
A. Chemistry. B. Physics. C. French.
20. What is the purpose of the report?
A. To introduce British education system.
B. To make a suggestion on GCSE subject choices.
C. To draw attention to the balance among GCSE subjects.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
To involve viewers completely, an entirely new art form is developing. It surrounds visitors with images and sounds. Sometimes unnoticeable smells are added to draw people in through yet another sense. These immersive (沉浸式的) exhibits are projected and can even change with interaction.
Monet’s Garden: The Immersive Experience
A massive, immersive exhibition celebrating French artist Claude Monet will be shown in downtown New York in November, promising visitors a multisensory experience. Visitors will be greeted by pleasant smells of water lilies floating in the air and learn much about Monet, who developed from a gifted but slightly traditional landscape painter into a master of the Impressionism.
TheBlu
TheBlu, which started as a home application, is presented at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles. Museum lovers virtually observe a big blue whale and a whale fall where a dead whale’s bones have become an undersea ecosystem. “We aim for the right level of awe (敬畏). No cheap scares. No shark jumps out at you,” says Rowell, one of the app developers, “Exploration is the heart of what ‘theBlu’ is.”
Particle (微粒) Mirror
The Museum of Science, Boston has used the latest tech to excite visitors and inspire life-long learning. Opened this year, “Particle Mirror” inspires an interest in physics. Visitors are led through nine scenes interacting with a changing variety of spots, all following the laws of physics. For example, in the “snow” scene, visitors can collect the falling particles or sweep them off the floor. Particles set off different musical sounds when pushed.
Vitality in Running
This immersive art exhibition is an interactive multi-media one focusing on the culture of the Yongding River, known as the “Mother River of Beijing”. This exhibition is made up of various sections including “Flowing”, “Dawn”, “Legend”, “Coexistence”, “Fire and Dreams’, and “Four Seasons”. The exhibition feeds its visitors’ souls by presenting the beauty of art through interaction with visitors by means of the latest technologies.
1. Which exhibition most attracts a physics lover?
A. TheBlu. B. Monet’s Garden: The Immersive Experience.
C. Particle Mirror. D. Vitality in Running.
2. What is the goal of TheBlu?
A. To protect the blue whale. B. To improve the undersea ecosystem.
C. To scare the visitors with sharks. D. To inspire viewers’ desire for exploration.
3. What do these exhibitions have in common?
A. They focus on science and history.
B. They involve visitors in the creating process.
C. They surround visitors by unnoticeable smells.
D. They offer visitors various sensory experiences.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个沉浸式展览。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Particle (微粒) Mirror部分中“Opened this year, “Particle Mirror” inspires an interest in physics.(今年开放的“粒子镜”激发了人们对物理学的兴趣。)”可知，Particle Mirror最吸引物理爱好者。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据TheBlu部分中““We aim for the right level of awe (敬畏). No cheap scares. No shark jumps out at you,” says Rowell, one of the app developers, “Exploration is the heart of what ‘theBlu’ is.”(“我们的目标是营造适当的敬畏感。没有廉价的恐慌。没有鲨鱼会突然出现在你面前，”应用程序开发人员之一罗威尔说，“探索是‘theBlu’的核心。”)”可知，TheBlu的目的是激发观众探索的欲望。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It surrounds visitors with images and sounds. Sometimes unnoticeable smells are added to draw people in through yet another sense. These immersive (沉浸式的) exhibits are projected and can even change with interaction.(它用图像和声音包围着游客。有时会添加一些不易察觉的气味，通过另一种感觉吸引人们。这些身临其境的展品是投影的，甚至可以随着互动而改变)”可知，这些展览的共同之处是它们为游客提供各种感官体验。故选D项。
B
French writer Annie Ernaux won the 2022 Nobel Prize in literature on Oct. 6. She is the first French female to win the prize, following 15 male winners. In the words of the Nobel Committee, Ernaux was given the award “for the courage and clinical acuity (敏锐的洞察力) of her writing.”
Bom in 1940 in a village in Nonnandy, France, Ernaux grew up in a working-class environment. Her parents ran a combined grocery store and cafe. She studied in Rouen and Bordeaux, taught in secondary schools and then, for 23 years, worked for a French distance-learning university. Her shelf of two-dozen books began with fiction (Cleaned Out in 1974) but soon moved into a form of creative autobiography.
A Woman’s Story (1987), an emotional account of her mother’s life and death from Alzheimer’s disease, better promoted her reputation in France. The injustices of class, gender and background stand out in this work. Her most welcomed book, however, was The Years, published in 2008 and describing herself and wider French society from the end of World War II to the present. The seemingly casually (随意地) mentioned goods and songs in the novel are actually carefully selected by her and concerned by the public, so readers of all ages can find familiar content and clear memories.
Though the matters Ernaux describes in her books are serious and even sometimes heavy, they are always written in simple language. Ernaux described her style as flat writing through which she aims to tell her stories objectively (客观地) unshaped by flowery description or intense emotions.
“Her path to being an author was long and tough,” the Swedish Academy said. “And when she with great courage shows the suffering of the experience of class, describing shame or inability to see who you are, she has achieved something admirable and lasting,”Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature added.
4. What can we learn about Annie Ernaux?
A. She was the 15th French to win the prize.
B. She was born with a literature background.
C. She was a teacher before her writing career.
D. She began her writing with stories of herself.
5. What can be said about A Woman’s Story from paragraph 3?
A. It brought Ernaux to fame in France. B. It reflects the French social injustices.
C. It’s Ernaux’s most welcomed book. D. It describes Ernaux’s life after World War Ⅱ.
6. What can we know about Ernaux’s writing?
A. She casually chooses goods and songs in her works.
B. She aims at readers of a specific age group.
C. She uses easy language to discuss serious topics.
D. She puts strong personal emotion into her works.
7 What does Anders Olsson think of Annie Ernaux?
A. Courageous and respectable. B. Energetic and sensible.
C. Thoughtful and generous. D. Capable and self-focused.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了获诺贝尔文学奖的埃尔诺因的生平和作品特色。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“She is the first French female to win the prize, following 15 male winners.(她是继15名男性获奖者之后首位获得该奖项的法国女性)”可知，她是第16位获得该奖项的法国人，排除选项A。根据第二段中“Born in 1940 in a village in Nonnandy, France, Ernaux grew up in a working-class environment.(埃尔诺1940年出生于法国侬南第的一个村庄，在工人阶级的环境中长大)”可知，埃尔诺在工人阶级的环境中长大，没有文学背景，故排除选项B。根据第二段中“She studied in Rouen and Bordeaux, taught in secondary schools and then, for 23 years, worked for a French distance-learning university. Her shelf of two-dozen books began with fiction (Cleaned Out in 1974) but soon moved into a form of creative autobiography.(她曾在鲁昂和波尔多学习，在中学任教，然后在法国一所远程教育大学工作了23年。她的书架上有二十多本书，一开始是小说(1974年出版的《清空》)，但很快就变成了一种创造性的自传)”可知，在开始写作生涯之前，她是一名教师，一开始她写小说，后来写自传。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“A Woman’s Story (1987), an emotional account of her mother’s life and death from Alzheimer’s disease, better promoted her reputation in France. The injustices of class, gender and background stand out in this work.(《一个女人的故事》（1987）对她母亲的生活的感人至深的叙述，以及因阿尔茨海默氏症的死，更好地提升了她在法国的声誉。阶级、性别和背景的不公正在这部作品中尤为突出)”可知，这本书更好地提升了她在法国的声誉，也反映了法国社会的不公正。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The seemingly casually (随意地) mentioned goods and songs in the novel are actually carefully selected by her and concerned by the public, so readers of all ages can find familiar content and clear memories.(小说中看似随意提及的商品和歌曲，其实都是她精心挑选并受到大众关注的，所以各个年龄段的读者都能找到熟悉的内容和清晰的记忆)”可知，她精心挑选商品和歌曲，各个年龄段的读者都适合，故排除选项A和B。根据第四段中“Though the matters Ernaux describes in her books are serious and even sometimes heavy, they are always written in simple language. Ernaux described her style as flat writing through which she aims to tell her stories objectively (客观地) unshaped by flowery description or intense emotions.(尽管埃尔诺在书中描述的事情很严肃，有时甚至很沉重，但它们总是用简单的语言写成。埃尔诺将她的写作风格描述为平淡的写作，她旨在客观地讲述自己的故事，而不受华丽的描述或强烈的情感的影响)”可知，她用简单的语言讨论严肃、沉重的话题，并且她并没有在作品中融入强烈的个人情感。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“And when she with great courage shows the suffering of the experience of class, describing shame or inability to see who you are, she has achieved something admirable and lasting(当她以极大的勇气表现出阶级经历的痛苦，描述羞耻或无法看清你是谁时，她已经取得了令人钦佩和持久的成就)”可知，安德斯·奥尔森认为她有极大的勇气而且令人钦佩。故选A。
C
In the search for clean, renewable energy to meet our ever-increasing needs, wind power might seem to be the perfect option. Around the end of the 19th century, the invention of the wind turbine (涡轮机) made it possible to use wind to produce electricity. Now massive wind turbines, called wind farms, create and provide clean electricity for people around the world. Yet despite the advantages that wind energy offers, challenges to using this renewable resource can be found.
The first advantage of wind power is that it truly is a renewable resource. No matter how much wind we use to produce electricity, we will never deplete the supply, unlike other resources like coal or oil. However, wind does not provide a lasting supply of energy. Even the windiest places on Earth have periods of calm. That means that wind power isn’t practicable as a single source of electricity. It can only work with other sources that supply power.
Wind power is a clean source of energy, meaning it produces electricity without harming the physical environment. But that isn’t to say that wind power doesn’t have an environmental impact. The large spinning blades (旋转刀片) of a wind turbine can be a disaster to birds and bats. The turbines also create noise pollution, which can be troublesome to people that live nearby.
Fortunately, wind turbines are particularly well suited for areas far from homes and cities. The large towers that provide the base for the wind turbines don’t take up a lot of space. Even large wind farms with lots of wind turbines can share land with farms and ranches (牧场).
With all of the challenges of wind power, it obviously cannot be the only solution for clean energy production. But the advantages of wind power production shouldn’t be forgotten in the search for clean, renewable energy.
8. What does the underlined word “deplete” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Make sure of. B. Run out of. C. Get rid of. D. Take advantage of.
9. What is a challenge of wind farms?
A. They may stop running periodically. B. They damage bird’s living areas.
C. They are complex to operate. D. They take up much farmland.
10. What’s the major function of paragraph 4?
A. To list potential challenges of wind turbines.
B. To present another advantage of wind turbines.
C. To indicate possible locations of wind turbines.
D. To provide evidence for the impact of wind turbines.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Wind Power: A Perfect Option
B. Wind Turbines: New Power Facilities
C. The Development and Application of Wind Energy
D. The Advantages and Challenges of Wind Energy
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了风力发电的优势与不足。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。结合常识和划线词所在句“No matter how much wind we use to produce electricity, we will never deplete the supply, unlike other resources like coal or oil.(与煤炭或石油等其他资源不同，无论我们用多少风能发电，我们都不会deplete风能的供应)”中“the supply”和“unlike other resources like coal or oil”可推知，风能与与煤炭或石油等其他资源不同，不会“耗完”其供应，所以划线词与动词短语run out of同义。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“However, wind does not provide a lasting supply of energy. Even the windiest places on Earth have periods of calm.(然而，风能并不能提供持久的能源供应。即使是地球上风最大的地方也有平静的时期。)”可推知，风力发电场面临的一个挑战是它们可能会定期停止运行。故选A项。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Fortunately, wind turbines are particularly well suited for areas far from homes and cities. The large towers that provide the base for the wind turbines don’t take up a lot of space. Even large wind farms with lots of wind turbines can share land with farms and ranches (牧场).(幸运的是，风力涡轮机特别适合远离家庭和城市的地区。为风力涡轮机提供基座的大型塔并不占用太多空间。即使是拥有大量风力涡轮机的大型风力发电场也可以与农场和牧场共用土地。)”可知，第4段的作用是展示风力涡轮机的另一个优势。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Now massive wind turbines, called wind farms, create and provide clean electricity for people around the world. Yet despite the advantages that wind energy offers, challenges to using this renewable resource can be found.(现在，被称为风电场的大型风力涡轮机为世界各地的人们创造并提供清洁电力。然而，尽管风能提供了优势，但使用这种可再生资源的挑战仍然存在)”和最后一段中“With all of the challenges of wind power, it obviously cannot be the only solution for clean energy production. But the advantages of wind power production shouldn’t be forgotten in the search for clean, renewable energy.(考虑到风力发电面临的种种挑战，它显然不是清洁能源生产的唯一解决方案。但在寻找清洁、可再生能源的过程中，不应忘记风力发电的优势)”可知，本文介绍了风力发电的优势与不足，所以“The Advantages and Challenges of Wind Energy(风能的优势与挑战)”是文章最佳标题。故选D项。
D
A diet high in fats and sugars actually affects the parts of the brain that are important to memory and makes people more likely to desire for unhealthful food, says American psychologist Terry Davidson.
Davidson didn’t start out studying people’s eating. Instead he was interested in learning about the hippocampus（海马体）, a part of the brain heavily involved in memory. He noticed something strange when he studied mice with hippocampal damage. They would go to pick up food more often than the others, but they would eat a little bit, then drop it.
Davidson realized these mice didn’t know they were full. He says something similar may happen in human brains when people eat a diet high in fat and sugar. If our brain system is damaged by that diet, that makes it harder for us to stop eating that diet.
The evidence is growing. In another study by Cambridge psychologist Lucy Cheke, her researchers asked obese（肥胖的）and thin people to do a memory task, a virtual treasure hunt. The subjects had to hide something in a scene across various computer sessions（会话框）, then they were asked what they hid, where they hid it and in which session. The obese people were 15-20 percent worse than the thin ones in all aspects of the experiment.
Cheke says with the link between obesity and the brain growing as a field of research, we could see more ways of targeting obesity. For example, if the problem is that obese peopled diet degrades their memory, perhaps making peopled meals more memorable would help them eat less bad stuff. Previous researches showed that watching TV while eating will probably make people eat more, get hungry in the afternoon and eat more at dinner. So Cheke suggests not watching TV while eating. It is one of the easy changes people can make that don’t involve much self-control, but that makes a great difference.
12. What inspired Davidson’s new finding?
A. The growing popularity of unhealthy diet. B. His former study on hippocampus.
C. His research on people’s eating habits. D. The strange behaviour of the studied mice.
13. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. A sense of hunger. B. The similarity in brains.
C. The damage of brain. D. A diet high in fat and sugar.
14. What are the subjects in Cheke’s study required to do?
A. Memorize the treasure locations. B. Answer questions on their hiding task.
C. Chat on various computer sessions. D. Conduct an experiment with obesity.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Possible approaches to targeting obesity. B. The research’s contribution to brain science.
C. The link between obesity and memory. D. Changes of people’s living habits.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明高脂肪和高糖的饮食实际上会影响大脑中对记忆很重要的部分，使人们更容易想吃不健康的食物。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Davidson didn’t start out studying people’s eating. Instead, he was interested in learning about the hippocampus（海马体）, a part of the brain heavily involved in memory. He noticed something strange when he studied mice with hippocampal damage. They would go to pick up food more often than the others, but they would eat a little bit, then drop it.(戴维森一开始并没有研究人们的饮食。相反，他感兴趣的是学习海马体，这是大脑中与记忆密切相关的一部分。当他研究海马损伤的老鼠时，他注意到了一些奇怪的事情。他们会比其他老鼠更频繁地去捡食物，但他们会吃一点，然后扔掉。)”可知，Davidson是注意到做实验的老鼠的一些奇怪的行为才开始自己的研究。故选D。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“If our brain system is damaged by that diet(如果我们的大脑系统被这种饮食破坏了)”可知，下文的“that”指的是大脑被饮食损坏。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In another study by Cambridge psychologist Lucy Cheke, her researchers asked obese（肥胖的）and thin people to do a memory task, a virtual treasure hunt. The subjects had to hide something in a scene across various computer sessions（会话框）, then they were asked what they hid, where they hid it and in which session. The obese people were 15-20 percent worse than the thin ones in all aspects of the experiment.(在剑桥大学心理学家Lucy Cheke的另一项研究中，她的研究人员让肥胖者和瘦子做一项记忆任务，这是一场虚拟的寻宝游戏。受试者必须在不同的计算机会话中隐藏某个场景中的东西，然后问他们隐藏了什么，藏在哪里，在哪个会话中。在实验的各个方面，肥胖的人比瘦弱的人差15- 20%。)”可知，在Lucy Cheke的实验中，参与实验的人员被要求回答一些和藏东西有关的问题。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Cheke says with the link between obesity and the brain growing as a field of research, we could see more ways of targeting obesity.( Cheke说，随着肥胖和大脑之间的联系成为一个研究领域，我们可以看到更多针对肥胖的方法。)”以及“So Cheke suggests not watching TV while eating. It is one of the easy changes people can make that don’t involve much self-control, but that makes a great difference.(所以Cheke建议不要边吃边看电视。这是人们可以做的一个简单的改变，不需要太多的自我控制，但却会产生很大的不同。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述的是减肥的一些可能的方法。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is the Best Way to Learn a Language?
There is no “best” way to learn a language, because everyone learns slightly differently. ____16____Here are some of the most frequent recommendations.
◆Watch foreign language TV and movies.
Not everyone has the opportunity to be exposed to the environment where the native language is spoken or to speak to native speakers. TV and movies offer a good chance to hear native speakers use the language.____17____Watching their movies and TV shows helps you better understand their culture.
◆Get out of your comfort zone.
This is a lesson for life, not just for learning a language! Get out there and do something that scares you. Talk to a foreigner in their language.____18____ Write someone a message in their language. Whatever that zone is where you feel safe and relaxed and easy, get out of that zone because you can learn nothing from it. Push yourself and you’ll see that it’s not so bad in this world.
◆____19____
Don’t think of language as a tool, think of it as a musical instrument. When you learn three chords on guitar, you can play hundreds of songs. Words are the same. For example, take the word “real”, and look at its different forms: real, really, realise, realistic, realism, realist, unreal. . .
◆Make mistakes, it’s fine, it’s even great!
Shyness and fear of making mistakes is common. However, nobody cares if you make mistakes. When you speak a foreign language, everyone knows it’s not your mother tongue and they’re already impressed that you’re speaking it at all.____20____
A. Avoid making mistakes.
B. TV and movies solve that problem easily.
C. Don’t just memorize words, play with them.
D. Order food from a French restaurant in French.
E. Talk, make mistakes, fall down, get back up, that’s life.
F. Besides, learning a language is a doorway into another culture.
G. However, some methods appear to be more effective than others.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些建议以帮助我们更好地学习一门语言。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“There is no “best” way to learn a language, because everyone learns slightly differently.(学习一门语言没有“最好”的方法，因为每个人的学习方式都略有不同。)”可知，作者认为学习语言没有所谓的“最好”的方法。选项G“However, some methods appear to be more effective than others.(然而，有些方法似乎比其他方法更有效。)”承接上文内容，同时引出下文内容“Here are some of the most frequent recommendations.(以下是一些最常见的建议。)”。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据空后内容“Watching their movies and TV shows helps you better understand their culture.(看他们的电影和电视节目可以帮助你更好地了解他们的文化。)”可知，看其他国家的电影和节目可以帮助我们了解其文化。选项F“Besides, learning a language is a doorway into another culture.(此外，学习一门语言是进入另一种文化的大门。)”与下文内容一致，指的都是一门语言可以帮助我们更好地了解其所处的文化。故选F。
【18题详解】
空前“Talk to a foreigner in their language.(用外国人的语言和他们交谈。)”以及空后“Write someone a message in their language.(用对方的语言给对方留言。)”可知，空处上下文讲的都是和外国人交流用外国人的语言。选项D“Order food from a French restaurant in French.(在法国餐厅用法语点餐。)”符合上下文内容，指的都是和外国人用其语言进行交流。故选D。
【19题详解】
空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Don’t think of language as a tool, think of it as a musical instrument. When you learn three chords on guitar, you can play hundreds of songs. Words are the same.(不要把语言当成一种工具，要把它当成一种乐器。当你学习吉他的三个和弦时，你可以弹几百首歌。单词也是一样的。)”可知，作者认为背单词时，要把其当作乐器。选项C“Don’t just memorize words, play with them.(不要只是背单词，要和单词一起玩。)”符合本段内容，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前内容“Shyness and fear of making mistakes is common. However, nobody cares if you make mistakes. When you speak a foreign language, everyone knows it’s not your mother tongue and they’re already impressed that you’re speaking it at all.(害羞和害怕犯错是很常见的。然而，没有人在乎你是否犯了错误。当你说一门外语时，每个人都知道这不是你的母语，而且他们已经对你会说外语印象深刻了。)”可知，上文指的是当你在说一门语言时，犯错和害羞都是很正常的。选项E“Talk, make mistakes, fall down, get back up, that’s life.(说话，犯错，跌倒，再爬起来，这就是生活。)”与上文内容一致，指的都是在生活中犯错并不可怕，只要勇敢站起来继续就可以。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节,满分45分〉
第一节 完形填空（20小题：每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Alpinist (登山家) Marion has cleaned up 8. 5 tons of waste on Mount Qomolangma in just 3 years with her team.
____21____? We certainly think so. But that’s nothing compared to Marion’s future ____22____.
Marion has a tough and ____23____ goal: finish cleaning up Qomolangma and then ____24____ on to the entire Himalayan mountain range.
“Climbing Qomolangma should offer one of the best interactions between ____25____ and the natural world. But ____26____, I realized that the mountain had been ____27____in the past 30 years when I reached the top in 2013. Nearly 10 tonnes of waste had been ____28____ at the top alone! I was totally shocked when I ____29____ the rubbish problem on the mountain,” she told the Yves Rocher Foundation.
For Marion,_____30_____ is an important part of her life that helps her feel alive. Therefore, she wants to do her _____31_____ in helping others get the best possible experience. Her _____32_____ to nature started when she was a child. She would _____33_____ in the woods and learn the names of the plants and animals. As a _____34_____, she’s been working as a mountain guide in India and Tibet for over 17 years. After founding the Clean Qomolangma project, she _____35_____ to ask the local authorities to _____36_____ her project. She was given 50 yaks (牦牛) to help get the waste down. We can only hope that Marion will keep on and that others will _____37_____ her.
The _____38_____ affecting the Himalayas has an effect on the drinking water used by around 2 billion people living there, so the _____39_____ to clean up the mountains isn’t just about protecting nature. It’s also about our _____40_____ of life.
21. A. Impressive B. Professional C. Inspiring D. Threatening
22. A. experience B. destination C. plan D. career
23. A. creative B. ambitious C. acceptable D. ordinary
24. A. hang B. hold C. pass D. move
25. A. guides B. locals C. animals D. humans
26. A. fortunately B. shamefully C. mysteriously D. cheerfully
27. A. ignored B. explored C. damaged D. observed
28. A. deserted B. collected C. delivered D. recycled
29. A. overcame B. tracked C. solved D. presented
30. A. study B. climbing C. work D. nature
31. A. part B. trick C. research D. performance
32. A. contribution B. response C. connection D. adaptation
33. A. shelter B. play C. struggle D. work
34. A. grown-up B. passer-by C. go-getter D. fun-seeker
35. A. preferred B. hesitated C. promised D. managed
36. A. support B. promote C. comment D. undertake
37. A. challenge B. involve C. follow D. approach
38. A. climate B. drought C. population D. pollution
39. A. power B. battle C. expectation D. principle
40. A. target B. strategy C. quality D. proposal
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了登山家Marion组织了一场大规模的珠穆朗玛峰清理活动，三年时间里清理了8.5吨垃圾。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令人印象深刻的?我们当然这么认为。A. Impressive给人印象深刻的；B. Professional专业的；C. Inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. Threatening威胁的。根据上文“Alpinist (登山家) Marion has cleaned up 8. 5 tons of waste on Mount Qomolangma in just 3 years with her team.”可知，Marion做了一件令人印象深刻的事情。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这与马里昂的未来计划相比根本不算什么。A. experience经验；B. destination目的地；C. plan计划；D. career职业。根据句中“future”和下文“finish cleaning up Qomolangma and then 4 　 on to the entire Himalayan mountain range.”可知，这是Marion的计划。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里昂有一个艰难而雄心勃勃的目标：完成珠穆朗玛峰的清理工作，然后继续清理整个喜马拉雅山脉。A. creative有创造力的；B. ambitious有雄心壮志的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. ordinary平凡的。根据句中“finish cleaning up Qomolangma and then 4 　 on to the entire Himalayan mountain range.”可知，这是一个雄心勃勃的计划。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里昂有一个艰难而雄心勃勃的目标：完成珠穆朗玛峰的清理工作，然后继续清理整个喜马拉雅山脉。A. hang悬挂；B. hold拿着；C. pass通过；D. move (on to)继续。根据句中“finish cleaning up Qomolangma”和“to the entire Himalayan mountain range”可推知，完成珠穆朗玛峰清理后，Marion会“继续”清理整个喜马拉雅山脉；move on to “继续”。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：攀登珠穆朗玛峰应该是人与自然世界之间最好的互动之一。A. guides导游；B. locals当地人；C. animals动物；D. humans人类。结合常识和选项，攀登珠峰是人与自然的互动与交流。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但羞愧是，当我2013年登上山顶时，我意识到这座山在过去的30年里已经被破坏了。A. fortunately幸运地；B. shamefully可耻地，羞愧地；C. mysteriously神秘地；D. cheerfully愉快地。根据下文“Nearly 10 tonnes of waste had been 8 　 at the top alone!”可知，珠峰被人类留下的垃圾覆盖，这是令人羞愧的事情。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但羞愧的是，当我2013年登上山顶时，我意识到这座山在过去的30年里已经被破坏了。A. ignored忽略；B. explored探索；C. damaged损坏；D. observed观察。根据下文“Nearly 10 tonnes of waste had been 8 　 at the top alone!”可知，珠峰被垃圾覆盖，遭到破坏。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅在山顶就有近10吨垃圾被遗弃!A. deserted遗弃；B. collected收集；C. delivered递送；D. recycled回收。根据句中“10 tonnes of waste”和“at the top alone!”可知，垃圾被遗弃在山顶。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在山上追查垃圾问题时，我完全震惊了。A. overcame克服；B. tracked跟踪调查，追查；C. solved解决；D. presented呈现。结合选项和句中“the rubbish problem”可推知，Marion在调查垃圾问题。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对马里恩来说，自然是她生活中重要的一部分，让她感觉自己还活着。A. study学习；B. climbing攀登；C. work工作；D. nature自然。根据下文“Her 12 　 to nature started when she was a child.”可推知，对Marion来说，大自然很重要，是她生活的一部分。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她想尽自己的一份力量帮助别人获得最好的体验。A. part部分；B. trick诡计；C. research研究；D. performance表演。根据上文可知，Marion自发去清理珠峰上的垃圾，所以她是尽自己的一份力量去改变环境；do one’s part in...“尽自己的一份力……”。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她还是个孩子的时候，她就开始接触大自然了。A. contribution贡献；B. response反应；C. connection联系；D. adaptation适应。根据下文“She would 12 　 in the woods and learn the names of the plants and animals.”可知，Marion还是个孩子的时候就与大自然有了联系。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会在树林里玩耍，学习植物和动物的名字。A. shelter庇护所；B. play玩耍；C. struggle斗争；D. work工作。根据上文“when she was a child”和句中“in the woods and learn the names of the plants and animals”可知，她在小时候就在树林里玩耍。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：成年后，她在印度和西藏做了17年的登山向导。A. grown-up成年人；B passer-by过路人；C go-getter有上进心的人；D fun-seeker寻求乐趣的人。根据句中“she’s been working as a mountain guide”可知，Marion成年了，在做登山向导。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在创立“清洁珠穆朗玛峰”项目后，她设法要求当地政府支持她的项目。A. preferred更喜爱；B. hesitated犹豫；C. promised承诺；D. managed设法做到。根据句中“ask the local authorities to 16 　 her project”和下文“She was given 50 yaks”可知，Marion设法得到了政府的支持。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在创立“清洁珠穆朗玛峰”项目后，她设法要求当地政府支持她的项目。A. support支持；B. promote促进；C. comment评论；D. undertake承担。根据下文“She was given 50 yaks (牦牛) to help get the waste down.”可知，Marion得到了政府的支持。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只能希望玛丽昂能坚持下去，其他人会追随她。A. challenge挑战；B. involve包含；C. follow遵循；D. approach方法。根据句中“Marion will keep on”和“others will”可推知，作者希望Marion能坚持，希望更多的人能追随她的脚步。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：影响喜马拉雅山脉的污染已经影响到生活在那里的大约20亿人的饮用水，所以清理山脉的战斗不仅仅是为了保护自然。A. climate气候；B. drought旱灾；C. population人口；D. pollution污染。根据上文可知，珠穆朗玛峰被垃圾覆盖，结合句中“has an effect on the drinking water”可推知，垃圾带来的污染影响了饮用水。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：影响喜马拉雅山脉的污染已经影响到生活在那里的大约20亿人的饮用水，所以清理山脉的战斗不仅仅是为了保护自然。A. power权势；B. battle战斗；C. expectation期望 ；D. principle原则。根据上文“The 19 　 affecting the Himalayas has an effect on the drinking water used by around 2 billion people living there”可知，垃圾带来的污染已经影响了20亿人饮用水，所以清理喜马拉雅山脉的污染已经成为了一场保护自然和人类的战斗。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也关系到我们的生活质量。A. target目标；B. strategy战略；C. quality质量；D. proposal建议。根据上文可知，垃圾带来的污染已经影响了饮用水，所以清理喜马拉雅山脉的污染与人类生活质量有关。故选C项。
第二节 选词填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据下列句子语境从所给词块中选择合适的词块填空，所给词块中有两个多余。
A. came across B. pick out C. took charge of D. came up with
E. ended up F. work out G be based on

41. Since Doris ______ the museum, she has organised some exhibitions of Chinese painters.
42. Andersen was born into a poor family and ______ being one of the greatest writers.
43. The solution the environmentalists ______ at the meeting was really quite practical.
44. Don’t just throw away the waste; _______ the recyclable things so that they can be used again.
45. I ______ an interesting piece of graffiti artwork in Langson Library yesterday.
【答案】41. C 42. E 43. D 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【分析】根据下列句子语境从所给词块中选择合适的词块填空。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：自从多丽丝负责博物馆以来，她组织了一些中国画家的展览。根据句中“she has organised some exhibitions of Chinese painters”可推知，Doris是博物馆负责人，选用动词短语took charge of ，意为“负责……”，符合句意。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：安徒生出生在一个贫穷的家庭，最终成为最伟大的作家之一。根据句意，表示出生在一个贫穷家庭的安徒生“最终成为”，选用动词短语ended up，符合句意。故选E项。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：环保人士在会上提出的解决办法确实很实用。根据句中“The solution”可知，环保人士在会上“提出”解决办法，选用动词短语came up with，符合句意。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：不要只是把垃圾扔掉；把可回收的东西挑出来，这样它们就可以再次使用。根据句中“Don’t just throw away the waste”和“the recyclable things”可知，要把可回收的东西“挑出来”，选用动词短语pick out，符合句意。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：昨天我在兰森图书馆看到了一幅有趣的涂鸦作品。根据句中“an interesting piece of graffiti artwork in Langson Library”可知，在图书馆“遇到”一幅有趣的涂鸦作品，选用动词短语came across，符合句意。故选A项。
第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing Opera is a national treasure of China. With ____46____ history of more than 200 years, it has spread to other countries such as the United States and Japan.
Although ____47____ (refer) to as Beijing Opera, it originated from Southern Anhui. It is ____48____ (wide) recognised that it came into being after 1790 when the famous four Anhui opera troupes came to Beijing. After that, there were lots of performances not only in folk places, but also in the palace, which ____49____ (promote) Beijing Opera’s development.
From the 1920’s to the 1940’s, Beijing Opera enjoyed another golden age. The symbol of this period was the ____50____ (appear） of lots of sects（流派）of the opera,____51____which the four most famous were “Mei”, “Shang”, “Cheng”, and “Xun”. Every sect had its groups of actors and actresses. Beijing Opera combines singing, reading, acting, fighting, and dancing together,____52____ (use) acting methods to present characters and tell stories. That is ____53____ it is a comprehensive（综合的） art. Beijing opera features four main types of ____54____ (performer). There are several other supporting roles as well. In addition, the types of _____55_____ (face) make-up, especially concerning the color, are the most particular art in Beijing Opera, because they can symbolize many things like the personalities of the roles.
【答案】46. a 47. referred
48. widely 49. promoted
50. appearance
51. of##among
52. using 53. why
54. performers
55. facial
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的国宝——京剧，介绍了其起源以及艺术特色等。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它有200多年的历史，已经传播到美国和日本等其他国家。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用a。构成固定搭配：with a history of，意为“有……的历史”。故填a。
【47题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然被称为京剧，但它起源于皖南。这里为状语从句的省略，状语从句的主语为主句主语“it”，完整形式为“although it was referred to as Beijing Opera”，主从句主语一致，将it省略，同时省略be动词。故填referred。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为，它是在1790年著名的四大徽剧团来到北京之后形成的。修饰动词recognise用副词，表示“广泛地、普遍地”，用widely。故填widely。
【49题详解】
考查时态。句意：从那以后，不仅在民间，而且在宫殿里也有很多表演，这促进了京剧的发展。这里为定语从句的谓语动词，根据上下文可知，从句时态为一般过去时。故填promoted。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：这一时期的标志是出现了许多戏曲流派，其中最著名的四个是“梅”、“尚”、“程”、“荀”。the +名词+of，分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式。故填appearance。
【51题详解】
考查介词。句意：这一时期的标志是出现了许多戏曲流派，其中最著名的四个是“梅”、“尚”、“程”、“荀”。根据句意可知，空处指的是：four of/among lots of sects of the opera，意为“……中的四个”。故填of或among。
【52题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧集唱、念、做、打、舞于一体，用表演的方式来表现人物、讲故事。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“Beijing Opera”之间为主动关系，用现在分词。故填using。
【53题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么它是一门综合性的艺术。这里为表语从句的连接词，从句缺少原因状语，用why引导。故填why。
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：京剧主要有四种演员。根据空前的“four main types of”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填performers。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此外，脸谱的类型，特别是关于颜色，是京剧中最特殊的艺术，因为他们可以象征很多东西，如角色的个性。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰其后的名词“make-up”。故填facial。
第四部分 读后续写（满分25分）
56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
People often have a tough time dealing with their feelings of disappointment. That is when you should give them time and understanding and he or she just might come around before long.
I remember talking with my friend Avery about the coming school play Alices Adventure in Wonderland, which we both applied for. Avery had a talent for acting and she was anxious for playing Alice while for me I didn’t care what part I played as long as I would be in. However, when character list was posted, we were surprised to find that I got the part of Alice and Avery was chosen to act the rabbit. I guessed it was because I hadn’t been nervous at all during the audition (试演). But that situation really didn’t occur to me.
Then I asked Avery, “Do you want to come over after school and we can practice our lines?” “You mean, practice your lines?” Avery replied, not even looking at me. “No, thanks. I’m pretty busy this week.” I continued to ask if it would be OK for next week but her answer was negative and full of anger.
That night at dinner, after my parents congratulated me on getting the lead role, they asked how I felt. “Well, I can’t understand.” I said and told them about Avery’s reaction and I believed that she pretty much threw away our friendship.
“Hmm,” said my dad. “Arizona, don’t you think this might be an opportunity for you to be an extra-good friend?” “Dad’s right,” added my mom. “Sometimes when our friends do well, we feel envious (羡慕的) and don’t know how to act. Try giving her a little time and understanding. She’ll come around.”
Over the next week, I did my best to give Avery some space. I practised my lines but I knew I needed some help since my voice was not expressive enough. Day by day, Avery’s attitude seemed softened. As the rehearsal (彩排) day was near, I made a decision.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day after school in the rehearsal room, I approached Avery.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then came the big day.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One day after school in the rehearsal room, I approached Avery. “Hey, Avery,” I said. “I was wondering if you could help me with my lines. I know you’re busy, but I really need your help.” Avery looked up at me and smiled. “Sure, I’d be happy to help.” We spent the next hour going over my lines and she gave me some great advice on how to make my performance more expressive. I was so grateful for her help and I could tell that she was happy to be able to help me.
Then came the big day. We both performed our parts perfectly and the audience was thrilled. After the show, Avery and I hugged each other and thanked each other for our help. I was so glad that I had given her time and understanding, and that she had come around. From then on, we were even better friends than before.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者与好朋友艾弗里一起申请参演学园话剧《爱丽丝梦游仙境》，作者意外得到朋友艾弗里想要的角色——爱丽丝，这让她们之间产生了隔阂。在爸爸妈妈的开导下，作者耐心等待艾弗里的理解。终于，时机成熟，作者决定主动找艾弗里谈谈。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一天放学后，在排练室里，我走近艾弗里。”可知，第一段可描写作者主动找艾弗里帮忙，两人开始合作。
②由第二段首句内容“然后重要的那天来了。”可知，第二段可描写表演成功，两人相互感谢对方的帮助并成为更好的朋友。
2.续写线索：寻求帮助——互相建议——演出成功——互相感谢——更好的朋友
3.词汇激活
行为类
①靠近：approach/get close to
②想知道：wonder/want to know
③互相拥抱：hug each other/embrace each other
情绪类
①高兴的：happy/pleased/delighted
②感激的：grateful/thankful
【点睛】[高分句型1]I was wondering if you could help me with my lines.(运用了if引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Then came the big day.(运用了完全倒装)
[高分句型3]I was so glad that I had given her time and understanding, and that she had come around.(运用了so...that...句型)