三年（2019年~2021年）高考英语真题卷合集共10套

三年（2019年~2021年）高考英语
真题卷合集共10套

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
(全国卷Ⅰ)
英语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
选
择
题
答
案
速
填
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
B
A
B
C
A
C
B
A
C
C
B
A
C
A
B
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
A
C
B
A
C
B
D
D
B
A
A
C
D
C
B
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
D
C
A
B
A
E
A
G
C
D
D
C
C
B
A
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
C
D
C
A
B
D
A
B
D
A
C
B
D
A
B
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15　　 B．￡9.18.　　　　C．￡9.15.
答案是C。
1．Where does this conversation take place?
A．In a classroom.
B．In a hospital.
C．In a museum.
2．What does Jack want to do?
A．Take fitness classes.
B．Buy a pair of gym shoes.
C．Change his work schedule.
3．What are the speakers talking about?
A．What to drink.
B．Where to meet.
C．When to leave.
4．What is the relationship between the speakers?
A．Colleagues.
B．Classmates.
C．Strangers.
5．Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?
A．She might want a ticket.
B．She is looking for the man.
C．She has an extra ticket.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．How long did James run his business?
A．10 years.
B．13 years.
C．15 years.
7．How does the woman feel about James' situation?
A．Embarrassed.
B．Concerned.
C．Disappointed.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What has Kate's mother decided to do?
A．Return to school.
B．Change her job.
C．Retire from work.
9．What did Kate's mother study at college?
A．Oil painting.
B．Art history.
C．Business administration.
10．What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision?
A．Disapproving.
B．Ambiguous.
C．Understanding.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is the man doing?
A．Chairing a meeting.
B．Hosting a radio program.
C．Conducting a job interview.
12．What benefits Mary most in her job?
A．Her wide reading.
B．Her leaders' guidance.
C．Her friends' help.
13．Who will Mary talk about next?
A．Her teacher.
B．Her father.
C．Her mother.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．Why does the man seldom do exercise?
A．He lacks motivation.
B．He has a heart problem.
C．He works all the time.
15．What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?
A．He's an athlete.
B．He's a researcher.
C．He's a journalist.
16．Why does the woman speak of a study?
A．To encourage the man.
B．To recommend an exercise.
C．To support her findings.
17．How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?
A．300 minutes.
B．150 minutes.
C．75 minutes.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What did the scientists do to the road?
A．They repaired it.
B．They painted it.
C．They blocked it.
19．Why are young birds drawn to the road surface?
A．It's warm.
B．It's brown.
C．It's smooth.
20．What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment?
A．To keep the birds there for a whole year.
B．To help students study the birds well.
C．To prevent the birds from being killed.
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs.The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student？Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills，find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province，you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program，which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible：Youth 15­18 years old in select communities(社区)．
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands­on business training and awards of up to $3，000 to start and run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible：Students aged 15­29，returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource managemant projects for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible：Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire，but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program，students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service，its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible：Students aged 15 or older.Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
【语篇解读】　主题：人与自我(做人与做事)；话题：暑期工作公告。本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了省政府及其合作者提供的面向学生的四则暑期工作公告。
21．What is special about Summer Company?
A．It requires no training before employment.
B．It provides awards for running new businesses.
C．It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D．It offers more summer job opportunities.
B　[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Summer Company可直接定位到第二则暑期工作公告，而且浏览四则暑期工作公告可以发现，只有Summer Company的介绍里提到了awards (奖励)以及$ 3，000这样的字眼，由此可知Summer Company的特别之处在于B项“它为经营新业务提供奖励”。]
22．What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?
A．15­18.　　 B．15­24.
C．15­29. D．16­17.
D　[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Stewardship Youth Ranger Program可直接定位到第三则暑期工作公告。根据本部分中的关键信息句“Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire，but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知，这个项目的年龄要求是16岁或17岁，且在今年12月31日前不能满18岁，故选D项“16至17岁”。]
23．Which program favors the disabled?
A．Jobs for Youth.
B．Summer Company.
C．Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.
D．Summer Employment Opportunities.
D　[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词the disabled(残疾人)可直接定位到最后一则暑期工作公告中的persons with a disability，两者属于典型的同义词替换，故选D项。这个项目对残疾人在年龄方面给予了特别照顾。]
·[方法技巧]　细节理解题答案与原文挂钩，可在文中找到答案，但往往与原文中的语句并不完全相同，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。在本题中，我们可以由题干中的the disabled定位到persons with a disability，从而迅速锁定答案，提高正确率和答题效率。
·[练后拾词]
①deadline n．截止日期
②depend on 取决于
③available adj.可获得的
④hands­on adj.实际操作的
·[长难句分析]
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province，you could be eligible for this program，which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
如果你是居住在该省某些地区的青少年，你就有资格参加这个项目，它提供八周的带薪就业和培训。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句，从句中living in certain parts of the province是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰a teenager。which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰this program。
B
For Canaan Elementary's second grade in Patchogue，N.Y.，today is speech day，and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn.The 8­year­old is the joker of the class.With shining dark eyes，he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he's nervous.“I'm here to tell you today why you should...should...”Chris trips on the “­ld，”a pronunciation difficulty for many non­native English speakers.His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering support.“...Vote for...me...”Except for some stumbles，Chris is doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion，Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants，Chris started learning English a little over three years ago.Whaley recalls(回想起) how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience.What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.“It takes a lot for any student，”Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don't know，but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of the second­grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.The answer broke his heart.Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities，”Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
【语篇解读】　主题：人与自我(生活与学习)；话题：增强自信。本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小学教师Whaley通过组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信的教学实践。
24．What made Chris nervous?
A．Telling a story.
B．Making a speech.
C．Taking a test.
D．Answering a question.
B　[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词nervous可定位到第二段第一句，然后应到前文中找使他紧张的因素。根据第一段中的“...today is speech day，and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn.”和“...he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.”可知，今天是演讲日，现在轮到了Chris，虽然他看起来像那种喜欢在公共场合讲话的孩子，但是他很紧张。由此可知，演讲使Chris紧张。]
25．What does the underlined word“stumbles” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Improper pauses.　　 B．Bad manners.
C．Spelling mistakes. D．Silly jokes.
A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“you should...should...”以及“...Vote for...me...”这样的语句特点可知，Chris的演讲不流畅，也就是说有不适当的停顿。这是他表现不好的地方，与画线词后的句意“他完成得非常好”构成转折关系，与短语except for的语意相呼应。注意：高考阅读中的熟词生义现象非常关键，例如，如果能够注意到第二段第三句中的trips一词在此语境中的特殊意义(意为“绊倒”)则有助于快速解答此题。]
26．We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to ________．
A．help students see their own strengths
B．assess students' public speaking skills
C．prepare students for their future jobs
D．inspire students' love for politics
A　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.”可知，Whaley创办这个项目的目的不仅仅是让学生学会阅读和在公共场合演讲，他还希望学生学会自夸。A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的长处”，与原文意思相符。]
·[易错项分析]　B项颠倒是非，根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，“评估学生的公开演讲技巧”不是其目的。C、D两项曲解文意，这个项目虽然借助了“系统竞选”的形式，但文章中对其目的的描述并没有涉及“使学生为他们将来的工作作准备”以及“激发学生对政治的热爱”。
27．Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A．Humorous. B．Ambitious.
C．Caring. D．Demanding.
C　[推理判断题。文章介绍了Whaley老师通过创办“总统竞选项目”，组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信。根据第二段中的“His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering support.”和“...Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.”等细节也可看出Whaley老师是一个关心学生的老师。]
·[方法技巧]　推理判断题主要考查考生根据文章的字面意思，通过逻辑关系和细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等能力。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。做这类题时，我们应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的生活常识进行分析、推理和判断。例如，本题我们就要根据全文主旨以及对Whaley老师的细节动作描写，并结合我们生活中具备此品质特点的人是什么样的来合理地总结推断。
·[练后拾词]
①stumble vi.&n.(朗读或说话时)结巴；绊脚
②bring...to a conclusion使……结束
③immigrant n．(外来)移民
④campaign n．运动，活动
⑤quality n．素质，品德
·[长难句分析]
Whaley got the idea of this second­grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.
有一天，惠利问孩子们，如果他们认为自己永远成不了总统的话就举手，于是他想到了这个二年级的总统竞选项目。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。when至句末是when引导的时间状语从句，从句中又含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。
C
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common，the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e­spaces.At present，these technologies are still expensive，though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low­cost device(装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard.This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses.These patterns are unique to each person.Thus，the keyboard can determine people's indentities，and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with.Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word“touch”four times using the smart keyboard.Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed，with very low error rates.The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive，plastic­like parts.The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
【语篇解读】　主题：人与社会(科学与技术)；话题：智能键盘。本文是一篇科研报道。来自佐治亚理工学院的研究人员发明了一种智能键盘，可以通过分析用户的打字模式来判断该用户是不是安全访客。
28．Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?
A．To reduce pressure on keys.
B．To improve accuracy in typing.
C．To replace the password system.
D．To cut the cost of e­space protection.
D　[推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low­cost device that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard.”以及第一段最后一句“At present，these technologies are still expensive，though.”可推知，研究者研发这种智能键盘是为了降低网络安全保护技术的成本。注意题干、正确选项以及原文中一些词汇的多次呼应现象：develop与come up with是同义词，expensive 与low­cost是反义词，cut the cost与low­cost相呼应。]
29．What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?
A．Computers are much easier to operate.
B．Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C．Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D．Data security measures are guaranteed.
C　[推理判断题。题干问的是“是什么让智能键盘的发明成为可能”，也就是问这一发明的核心依据是什么。根据第二段中的“These patterns are unique to each person.Thus，the keyboard can determine people's identities...”可知，正是因为每个人的打字模式不同，这种智能键盘就可以通过分析用户的打字力度及节奏等来判断该用户是不是安全访客，故C项符合题意。解答该题的关键是看懂题干的意思，即智能键盘的核心依据是什么。]
30．What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?
A．It'll be environment­friendly.
B．It'll reach consumers soon.
C．It'll be made of plastics.
D．It'll help speed up typing.
B　[细节理解题。根据题干“研究者对于智能键盘有什么期望”可直接定位到最后一段的最后一句话“The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.”该团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场，故选B项。注意：题干中的expect与原文中的hope呼应，答案选项中的consumers与原文中的market呼应。]
·[易错项分析]　A项“它将是环保的”属于无中生有。C项最易误选，因为文章倒数第二句提到了is mostly made of inexpensive，plastic­like parts(智能键盘大部分是用廉价的、塑料类的零件做成的)，有些考生可能会因为文中提到了plastic一词就想当然地选C项。这是考生常犯的错误：只见树木，不见森林。D项也是无中生有，原文没有提及“提高打字速度”。另外注意：该题与29题都有一个特点，那就是，对题干中的关键词是否理解到位直接决定了考生能否定位到原文中的关键句子。也就是说，对29题题干中的make...possible这一结构的理解以及对30题题干中的expect这一词的理解都很关键。
31．Where is this text most likely from?
A．A diary.　　 B．A guidebook.
C．A novel. D．A magazine.
D　[文章出处题。根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段中的“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low­cost device...”，尤其是其中的关键词researchers，low­cost device等来推断，这篇文章是一篇科研报道，最有可能出现在杂志上。]
·[方法技巧]　文章出处题是兼有主旨大意题和推理判断题特点的题型，主要考查考生根据文章前后逻辑关系和细节暗示，总结文章大意并推断文章出处的能力。这也属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。做这类题时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。例如，本题我们就要从全文的话题以及文中的关键词researchers，low­cost device等来推断，这篇文章是一篇科研报道，最有可能出现在杂志上。
·[练后拾词]
①theft n．偷窃
②get around 克服(困难或问题)
③precisely adv.精确地，准确地
④layer n．层次
⑤by extension 引申，再则
⑥participant n．参加者
⑦commercialize vt.使商业化
·[长难句分析]
Thus，the keyboard can determine people's identities，and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
因此，这种键盘能够确定人们的身份，进而确定他们是否应该被授予权限使用所连接的计算机——不管他们是否输入了正确的密码。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。whether they should be given access to至句末是whether引导的宾语从句，作determine的宾语；it's connected to是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰the computer；whether someone gets the password right是whether引导的宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。
D
During the rosy years of elementary school(小学)，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes，which allowed me to keep my high social status.I was the queen of the playground.Then came my tweens and teens，and mean girls and cool kids.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes，breaking rules and playing jokes on others，among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well­explored subject in social psychology.Mitch Prinstein，a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers.The likables' plays­well­with­others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships，jump­start interpersonal skills and，when tapped early，are employed ever after in life and work.Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed，Dr.Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences.Those who were highest in status in high school，as well as those least liked in elementary school，are“most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”
In one study，Dr.Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents，scoring the least liked，the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究)．“We found that the least well­liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates.But so had those who were high in status.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment，high status has just the opposite effect on us.”
Dr.Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date­sharing，kindness，openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research，Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion：Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes，but it is also responsible for those outcomes，too.“Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage，”he said.
【语篇解读】　主题：人与社会(人际沟通)；话题：青少年心理健康。本文是一篇议论文。文章从社会心理学视角讨论青少年小学与中学阶段的成长经历，论述了个体受欢迎程度这一青少年心理健康话题。该语篇视角独特，积极倡导和谐的人际关系和人文情怀。
32．What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?
A．Unkind.　　　　 B．Lonely.
C．Generous. D．Cool.
C　[推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词early years of elementary school可定位到第一段第一句“During the rosy years of elementary school，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes...”，根据句意和sharing一词可推知，作者上小学的时候是一个慷慨大方的人，故选C项。注意不要受本段后几句话尤其是最后一句话的影响而错选A项，因为那是作者青少年时期的情况。]
33．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The classification of the popular.
B．The characteristics of adolescents.
C．The importance of interpersonal skills.
D．The causes of dishonorable behavior.
A　[段落大意题。根据第二段内容以及第二句的句式特点(句中有冒号)，可暂时断定第二句是本段的主旨句。而第三句和第四句分别用The likables'...和Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence...引出后文内容，恰恰就是介绍了受欢迎的两类人：讨人喜欢型和追求地位型。同时我们发现本段第二句中的关键词sort...into...(把……分成……)与A项中的classification相呼应，所以A项可以概括本段大意。]
·[易错项分析]　B项以偏概全，只关注了本段的一个共键词adolescence。C项以偏概全，只关注了本段的interpersonal skills。D项以偏概全，只关注了本段的dishonorable behavior。这三个错误选项都没有从整体上准确概括本段的大意。
34．What did Dr.Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids?
A．They appeared to be aggressive.
B．They tended to be more adaptable.
C．They enjoyed the highest status.
D．They performed well academically.
B　[推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中的“It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment”可知，Dr.Prinstein的研究发现，最讨人喜欢的孩子往往适应性强。B项中的adaptable与第四段中的adjustment相呼应。]
35．What is the best title for the text?
A．Be Nice—You Won't Finish Last
B．The Higher the Status，the Better
C．Be the Best—You Can Make It
D．More Self­Control，Less Aggressiveness
A　[标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了研究者发现讨人喜欢与积极的人生结果有关，因此A项作为标题最合适。注意A项中的be nice与likability，popularity，kindness等词相呼应。be Nice—You Won't Finish Last.从意义上类似于汉语的“与人为善，于己为善”。这里的finish本义是“获得(名次)；排名”。]
·[方法技巧]　标题归纳题常见干扰项类型：①以偏概全——干扰项只阐述了文章的局部信息；②断章取义——干扰项是文章中的个别信息或个别字眼，或者以次要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点，比如本题的B项(status成了全文的词眼就偏了，也就错了)；③主题扩大——干扰项所归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所表述的内容；④张冠李戴——命题者有意把属于A的特征改在B的身上；⑤无中生有或似是而非——有的干扰项中的关键词语好像在文章中提到了，但认真分析之后会发现这些内容与文章毫无联系，比如本题的C项(be the best“做最好的自己”与本文词眼likable并不是一个概念)，还有D项(self­control“自制力”属于无中生有，原文中未提及)。
·[练后拾词]
①status n．地位，身份
②mean adj.刻薄的
③category n．种类
④jump­start vt.启动，促进
⑤interpersonal adj.人际的，人与人之间的
⑥enviable adj.令人羡慕的
⑦consequence n．结果
·[长难句分析]
Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage.
被人喜欢会为学习和各种新的人生体验创造机会，这有助于一个人获得优势。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中being liked是动名词的被动式作主语，that help somebody gain an advantage是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词experiences。
第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
37 If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life­giving，energizing oxygen.If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈)． 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪)．Greenery is good for us.Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D．To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside.It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A．Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B．So what are you waiting for?
C．Being in nature refreshes us.
D．Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E．But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F．Just as importantly，we tend to associate air with health care.
G．All across the country，recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【语篇解读】　主题：人与自我(生活)；话题：健康。本文是一篇说明文，介绍了呼吸新鲜空气和接近大自然有益于身心健康。
36．E　[关联逻辑法解题。空格前一句说我们都是听着人们说的“出去呼吸点儿新鲜空气”长大的，空格后一句说答案是肯定的。由此可判断E项“但是新鲜空气真的像你妈妈总说的那样对你有好处吗？”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。]
37．A　[设题位置法解题。根据空格后的内容可知，如果人们呼吸的空气是干净的，那么空气中就充满了维持生命的、让人充满活力的氧气。如果在户外锻炼，人的身体会学会深呼吸，让更多的氧气进入肌肉和大脑。所以本段主要说的是呼吸新鲜空气的好处，故A项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺”符合语境。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。]
38．G　[词汇锁定法解题。空格后的these places与G项中的recovery centers相呼应，因此G项“全国各地的康复中心已经开始建造康复花园”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。]
39．C　[关联逻辑法解题。空格前介绍了接近大自然、看绿色植物对病人的康复有益，空格后一句说“它给我们一种非常好的内心平和的感觉”，由此可推断出空格处应该表达置身于大自然的好处，故选C项“置身于大自然使我们精神焕发”。本设空类型为细节理解类。]
40．D　[设题位置法解题。空格后一句说，虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但阳光也能带来有益的维生素D。这应该是呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处，故D项“呼吸新鲜空气的另一个附带好处是阳光”符合语境，D项中的sunlight与空格后的the sun's rays相呼应。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。]
·[练后拾词]
①be filled with充满……
②It turns out that...结果是……，证明是……
③be likely to do sth.可能做某事
④age vt.使变老[熟词生义]
⑤absorb vt.吸收(液体、气体等)
第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.They 41 with them lots of waste.The 42 might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing，changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories，I'm 44 about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
However，I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish.I find a 47 mountain，with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are 48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 ．
The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 ，in my opinion，isn't reaching the top.Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures.This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers.At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters， 54 lands of low growing plants.Further up，the weather 55 —low clouds envelope the mountainsides，which are covered with thick grass.I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4，000 meters is the highland 57 ：gravel(砾石)，stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic­like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
【语篇解读】　主题：人与自然(环境保护)；话题：乞力马扎罗山。本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观情况。该语篇能激发深入思考，关注自然和生态，探索人与自然的和谐相处之道。
41．A．keep　 　B．mix　 　C．connect　 　D．bring
D　[上文语境题。根据第一句“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro...”可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们攀登的时候带来(bring)了很多垃圾。]
42．A．stories B．buildings
C．crowds D．reporters
C　[上文语境题。联系上文中的“about 40，000 people”可知，这些人群(crowds)有可能破坏这个地方的美。]
43．A．position B．age
C．face D．name
C　[上文语境题。联系上文中的“The glaciers are disappearing”可知，冰川的消失正在改变乞力马扎罗山的面貌(face)。]
44．A．silent B．skeptical
C．serious D．crazy
B　[下文语境题。联系下文“other destinations are described as‘purer’natural experiences”可知，其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验，所以作者对乞力马扎罗山被严重破坏的报道表示怀疑(skeptical)。be skeptical about对……表示怀疑。silent沉默的；serious严肃的；crazy疯狂的。]
45．A．discover B．argue
C．decide D．advocate
A　[下文语境题。联系下文的“much has changed”可知，作者发现(discover)了乞力马扎罗山的变化。argue争论；decide决定；advocate提倡。]
46．A．equipment B．grass
C．camps D．stones
C　[下文语境题。联系下文中的“with toilets at camps”可知，这里报道的是营地(camp)。]
47．A．remote B．quiet
C．tall D．clean
D　[上下文语境题。联系上文However(然而)及下文“with toilets at camps and along the paths(营地和路边都有厕所)”可推知，作者看到的是干净的(clean)山。]
48．A．new B．special
C．significant D．necessary
C　[上文语境题。上文提到乞力马扎罗山有众多游客，而且有很多垃圾，还有令人心烦的诸多报道，由此可知，这里面临的环境挑战是重大的(significant)。new新的；special特殊的；necessary有必要的。]
49．A．paying off B．spreading out
C．blowing up D．fading away
A　[上文语境题。联系前文的“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在奏效(pay off)。spread out展开；blow up爆炸；fade away逐渐消失。]
·[知识链接]
①pay off取得成功，奏效；还清债务
②pay back偿还(欠款)；报复
③pay for支付
④pay attention to注意
⑤pay a visit to参观，拜访
50．A．atmosphere B．experience
C．experiment D．sight
B　[下文语境题。联系下文reaching the top可知，作者认为乞力马扎罗山最好的爬山体验(experience)并不是登顶。atmosphere气氛；experiment实验；sight视线。]
51．A．studied B．observed
C．explored D．regarded
D　[下文语境题。联系空后的“by many cultures”可知，山在很多文化中被看作是(regard)灵魂之地，be regarded as被看作是……。study研究；observe观察；explore探索。]
52．A．view B．quality
C．reason D．purpose
A　[上下文语境题。结合上文的“文化观”，再联系下文的“go through five ecosystems”可知，这种“经历五种生态系统”的景色(view)在乞力马扎罗山表现尤为明显。quality品质；reason原因；purpose目的。]
53．A．scientists B．climbers
C．locals D．officials
B　[上文语境题。联系上文的“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro...”可知，爬山的人(climbers)可以经历五种生态系统。scientist科学家；local本地人；official官员。]
54．A．holding on to B．going back to
C．living up to D．giving way to
D　[上文语境题。联系上文的“It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters”可知，热带雨林在3 000米处突然中止，取而代之的是生长着低矮植物的土地。give way to意为“被……代替”，符合语境。hold on to坚持；go back to回到；live up to不辜负。]
55．A．changes B．clears
C．improves D．permits
A　[上下文语境题。上文介绍了五种生态系统中的两种，再联系下文的“low clouds envelop the mountainsides”可知，在这里气候又发生了变化(change)。clear清除；improve改善；permit允许。]
56．A．match B．imagine
C．count D．add
C　[下文语境题。联系空后的“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了(count)12种绿色。]
57．A．village B．desert
C．road D．lake
B　[下文语境题。联系冒号后的“gravel，stones and rocks”可知，4 000米以上是荒漠(desert)。]
58．A．Obviously B．Easily
C．Consequently D．Finally
D　[上下文语境题。上文介绍了从山下到山上的五个生态系统，所以这里说最后(finally)爬到了一个像北极圈一样的区域。obviously明显地；easily容易地；consequently因此，所以。]
59．A．permanent B．little
C．fresh D．artificial
A　[上文语境题。联系上文的“climb into an arctic­like zone”可知，攀登者到了一个像北极圈的地方，所以这里是指常年积雪。permanent意为“永久的，永恒的”，符合语境。little少的；fresh新鲜的；artificial人造的。]
60．A．enjoy B．deserve
C．save D．acquire
B　[下文语境题。联系下文的“I found the opposite to be true.”可知，作者在这里进行反问：乞力马扎罗山真的应该获得(deserve)游人如织，破坏了其平和景象的拥挤山脉这一名声吗？]
·[知识链接]　deserve的用法：
deserve后接不定式，若该动词表示主动意义，则用不定式的主动式，即deserve to do sth.；若该动词表示被动意义，则用不定式的被动式。如：Those who work deserve to eat.劳动者该得食。
deserve doing(主动表被动)＝deserve to be done。如：
He deserved punishing.＝He deserved to be punished.
他应该受到惩罚。
·[练后拾词]
①attempt vt.企图，试图；尝试
②destination n．目的地
③be described as被描述为……
④pure adj.纯净的；纯粹的
⑤disturbing adj.令人不安的；烦扰的
⑥significant adj.重大的
⑦abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地
·[长难句分析]
The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off.
环境挑战是重大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在奏效。
分析：本句是由but连接的并列句。后一分句中，made by the Tanzania National Park Authority是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰efforts。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence 61.________ they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62.________(poor) studied；however，biologists calculate that there are about 20，000－25，000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods 63.________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s，and are expensive 64.________(perform) consistently over a large area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65.________(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a 66.________(believe) that populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by 67.________(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements，leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68.________(high) than they actually are.Of 69.________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six 70.________(be) stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.
【语篇解读】　主题：人与自然(自然生态)；话题：北极熊现状。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。
61．that　[考查同位语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。]
62．poorly　[考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。]
·[知识链接]　形容词变副词的方法：
①多数形容词变副词是直接加­ly：careful→carefully　hopeful→hopefully　extreme→extremely
②辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加­ly：happy→happily　necessary→necessarily
③­le结尾的，变­le为­ly：simple→simply　possible→possibly　probable→probably　terrible→terribly
63．of/for　[考查介词。a method of/for doing sth.做某事的方法。]
64．to perform　[考查非谓语动词。此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。]
65．have reported　[考查时态。根据句中的时间状语in recent years可判断用现在完成时。]
66．belief　[考查词性转换(动词变名词)。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填believe的名词形式belief(看法，信念)。]
67．noting　[考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth.通过做某事回应。]
68．higher　[考查形容词比较级。根据空格后的than可知，此处应用high的比较级形式higher。]
69．the　[考查冠词。此处特指确认的19个亚种群，故用定冠词the。]
70．are　[考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；six指代“six polar bear subpopulations”，谓语动词应用复数。]
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.One afternoon where I was in primary school，I was walking by the school playground.Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.To everyone's surprising，the ball went into the net.All the football player on the playground cheered loudly，say that I had a talent for football.From now on，I started to play my football with classmates after school.I am a good player now.
[答案]
I became in playing football thanks to a small accident.One afternoon I was in primary school，I was walking by the school playground.Suddenly football fell just in front of me almost hit me.I stopped the ball and kicked it back to the playground.To everyone's ，the ball went into the net.All the football on the playground cheered loudly， that I had a talent for football.From on，I started to play football with classmates after school.I am a good player now.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为一次小“意外”而喜欢上足球运动的故事。
71．interesting→interested
·become interested in变得对……感兴趣。
·[知识链接]　­ing形容词多用于描述事物本身具有的特征，意为“令人……的”；­ed形容词多用于说明人的感受，意为“感到……的”。
　　


72．where→when
·one afternoon是表示时间的名词，后面的定语从句应用when引导。
73．football前加a
·此处是泛指“一个足球”，应用不定冠词a。
74．but→and
·“一个足球正好落在我面前”与“差点儿打到我”之间是顺承关系，故用并列连词and。
75．hardly→hard
·此处表示“用力把足球踢回操场”，应用hard(adv.用力地)。hardly意为“几乎不”。
76．surprising→surprise
·to one's surprise令某人惊讶的是。
77．player→players
·根据前面的all可知，player应用复数形式players。
78．say→saying
·分析句子结构可知，cheered是谓语动词，say前没有并列连词and等，所以say只能用非谓语动词形式；主语与say之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。
79．now→then
·文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，应该用from then on，意为“从那时起”。from now on意为“从现在起”。
80．去掉my
·play football踢足球。
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．个人优势；
3．能做的事情。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．结束语已为你写好。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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Yours，
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear Sir/Madam，
My name is Li Hua.I'm a Chinese student who is taking a summer course in London now.I'm glad to learn that your gallery will hold a Chinese painting exhibition.I would like to do some voluntary work for the exhibition.So I am writing this letter asking to be a volunteer.
I am good at English and familiar with Chinese paintings.I would like to volunteer to help visitors，introduce Chinese paintings，spread Chinese culture，and strengthen world cultural exchanges.My aim is to let China go to the world and let the world understand China.I would appreciate it if you could agree to my request.
Yours，
Li Hua
[名师点评](1)范文格式正确，要点齐全，内容全面，行文连贯，细节补充恰当合理。
(2)范文词汇运用灵活，围绕“志愿”二字，使用不同的词语和词性，以避免重复。例如：do some voluntary work，asking to be a volunteer，would like to volunteer to help等。还有introduce...spread...and strengthen...这些动词的排比连用。
(3)范文适度运用英文常见的表达句式，注重请求和委婉表达。例如：
I'm glad to learn that...
I would like to do...
I am writing this letter asking to be...
I would appreciate it if you could...
(4)更难能可贵的是，范文旨在借助“做志愿者”介绍中国绘画，传播中国文化，弘扬中国文明，加强世界交流。让中国走向世界，让世界了解中国，体现民族意识和人文精神。把一篇普通的英语作文推向更高的境界！

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷Ⅱ)
英语
选
择
题
答
案
速
填
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
B
C
B
A
C
C
A
B
A
C
B
A
C
C
B
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
A
C
A
B
A
C
C
D
C
B
D
B
B
C
D
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
A
A
D
A
B
G
B
A
E
C
C
B
A
D
C
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
C
D
A
B
B
B
A
C
A
D
A
B
C
D
D
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节　(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a library.
B．In a bookstore.
C．In a classroom.
2．How does the woman feel now?
A．Relaxed.　 B．Excited.　　　C．Tired.
3．How much will the man pay?
A．$20. B．$80. C．$100.
4．What does the man tell Jane to do?
A．Postpone his appointment.
B．Meet Mr.Douglas.
C．Return at 3 o'clock.
5．Why would David quit his job?
A．To go back to school.
B．To start his own firm.
C．To work for his friend.
第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the man want the woman to do?
A．Check the cupboard.
B．Clean the balcony.
C．Buy an umbrella.
7．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Husband and wife.
B．Employer and employee.
C．Shop assistant and customer.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Where did the woman go at the weekend?
A．The city centre.
B．The forest park.
C．The man's home.
9．How did the man spend his weekend?
A．Packing for a move.
B．Going out with Jenny.
C．Looking for a new house.
10．What will the woman do for the man?
A．Take Henry to hospital.
B．Stay with his kid.
C．Look after his pet.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is Mr.Stone doing now?
A．Eating lunch.
B．Having a meeting.
C．Writing a diary.
12．Why does the man want to see Mr.Stone?
A．To discuss a program.
B．To make a travel plan.
C．To ask for sick leave.
13．When will the man meet Mr.Stone this afternoon?
A．At 3：00. B．At 3：30. C．At 3：45.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What are the speakers talking about?
A．A company.
B．An interview.
C．A job offer.
15．Who is Monica Stansfield?
A．A junior specialist.
B．A department manager.
C．A sales assistant.
16．When will the man hear from the woman?
A．On Tuesday.
B．On Wednesday.
C．On Thursday.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?
A．Touring France.
B．Playing outdoors.
C．Painting pictures.
18．What did John do after he moved to the US?
A．He did business.
B．He studied biology.
C．He worked on a farm.
19．Why did John go hunting?
A．For food.
B．For pleasure.
C．For money.
20．What is the subject of John's works?
A．American birds.
B．Natural scenery.
C．Family life.
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co­author of the This Book Will series(系列)of lifestyle books.Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.Matilda's battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress，Miss Trunchbull，are equally funny and frightening，but they're also aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
It's about two sisters—Eri，a model who either won't or can't stop sleeping，and Mari，a young student.In trying to connect to her sister，Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people”who are hiding secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Flynn
There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did，but the horror story is brilliant.There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust.It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable.
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around.After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population，a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left.Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.
【语篇解读】　主题：人与社会(文学)；话题：推荐好书。本文是一篇应用文。著名作家Jo Usmar向读者介绍了几本她最喜欢的书。
21．Who does “I”refer to in the text?
A．Stephen King.　　 B．Gillian Flynn.
C．Jo Usmar. D．Roald Dahl.
C　[细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Here she picks her top reads.”可知，Jo Usmar在下文要为读者推荐几本她最喜欢的书，这说明下文中的“I”指的就是Jo Usmar。]
22．Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?
A．Cosmopolitan. B．Matilda.
C．After Dark. D．The Stand.
C　[细节理解题。根据After Dark部分中的“It's about two sisters­Eri... Mari...”可知，After Dark讲述了Mari和Eri的故事。]
[方法技巧]　细节理解题的答案都紧扣原文，可在文中找到答案。After Dark部分中提到了two sisters，即Eri和Mari，由此可知After Dark这本书讲述了Mari和Eri两姐妹的故事。
23．What kind of book is Gone Girl?
A．A folk tale. B．A biography.
C．A love story. D．A horror story.
D　[细节理解题。根据Gone Girl部分中的“...the horror story is brilliant.”
可知，Gone Girl这本书属于恐怖故事。]
[练后拾词]
①influence n．影响
②appreciation n．理解
③unfold v．展开；打开
[长难句分析]
There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did，but the horror story is brilliant.
过去虽然其他人都喜欢恐怖小说，但是我有点不太喜欢。不过，这本恐怖小说太精彩了。
分析：本句是一个由but连接的表转折的复合句。that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词me；when引导让步状语从句。
B
“You can use me as a last resort(选择)，and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule，or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug_at_the_heartstrings．I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on...At this point the unwilling parent speaks up，“Alright.Yes，I'll do it.”
I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule，sends out e­mails，and collects money for end­of­season gifts.Somewhere along the way，the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still，most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more：Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time，money，skills，or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense，I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.However，if others benefit in the process，and I get some reward too，does it really matter where my motivation lies?
【语篇解读】　主题：人与社会(社会服务)；话题：志愿者。本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者自己参与并鼓励他人参与志愿工作的经历，论述了志愿工作的独特意义。
24．What can we infer about the parent from her reply in Paragraph 1?
A．She knows little about the club.
B．She isn't good at sports.
C．She just doesn't want to volunteer.
D．She's unable to meet her schedule.
C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“You can use me as a last resort，and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.”可知，这位家长要求把她当作最后的选择，如果没人愿意做，她再做。由此推知她不愿意参与志愿者活动。另外，第三段第二句中的the unwilling parent也印证了答案。]
25．What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Encourage teamwork.
B．Appeal to feelings.
C．Promote good deeds.
D．Provide advice.
B　[词义猜测题。根据画线短语前一句“She may just need a little persuading.”可知，这位家长可能需要一点点劝说。随后作者对这位家长进行了举例劝说：一位有四个孩子的单亲母亲在主持这次活动，一位孩子不在此队的父亲担任长曲棍球队的教练。这些例子都是为了吸引这位家长来做志愿工作，故答案为B。]
[方法技巧]　词义猜测题一定要利用好上下文，要根据上下文的内容进行合理猜测。本题中画线部分后的内容起着重要作用。一位单亲母亲和一位父亲都来当志愿者，而且他们本身也都是普通人，作者用普通人来吸引那位还处于犹豫期的母亲，由此可知画线短语的意思是“触动心弦”。
26．What can we learn about the parent from Paragraph 3?
A．She gets interested in lacrosse.
B．She is proud of her kids.
C．She'll work for another season.
D．She becomes a good helper.
D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule，sends out e­mails，and collects money for end­of­season gifts.Somewhere along the way，the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.”可知，这位不情愿的家长在参与了这项活动后，安排用餐时间、发送电子邮件、筹款买赛季末礼物，每件事都安排得很妥当。在这个过程中，她最终成为团队中非常宝贵的一员，这说明这位开始不情愿参加的家长最终成为团队里的一个好帮手。]
27．Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A．It gives her a sense of duty.
B．It makes her very happy.
C．It enables her to work hard.
D．It brings her material rewards.
B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的最后两句“...services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.”可知，作者之所以喜欢做志愿工作，是因为这使她很快乐。]
[练后拾词]
①demanding adj.要求高的；要求严的
②relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的
③invaluable adj.极有价值的；极宝贵的
④focus on...集中(注意力、精力)于……
⑤motivation n．动力
[长难句分析]
I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on...
我提到一位有四个孩子的单亲母亲在主持这次活动，一位孩子不在此队的父亲担任长曲棍球队的教练……
分析：本句是一个由and连接的并列复合句。and连接了 I mention和I talk about。that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词a team。
C
Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself，quietly reading her e­book as she waits for her salad.What is she reading？None of your business！Lunch is Bechtel's “me” time.And like more Americans，she's not alone.
A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America.More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent)have lunch by themselves.Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.
“I prefer to go out and be out.Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book.Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk.A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.She returns to work feeling energized.“Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.
Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar.He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first­name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流)．“I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week，”he said.“It's a chance for self­reflection.You return to work recharged and with a plan.”
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over.Now，we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table.“It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，”said Laurie Demeritt，whose company provided the statistics for the report.
【语篇解读】　主题：人与自我(生活)；话题：独自用餐。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了现在的美国人多数喜欢独自一人吃饭，他们喜欢这种独处带来的自由。
28．What are the statistics in Paragraph 2 about?
A．Food variety.
B．Eating habits.
C．Table manners.
D．Restaurant service.
B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的大部分人独自吃早饭或午饭，一起吃晚饭的数据可知，这是对美国人的饮食习惯进行了调查，故答案为B。]
29．Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?
A．To meet with her coworkers.
B．To catch up with her work.
C．To have some time on her own.
D．To collect data for her report.
C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的I just wanted some time to myself(我只是想给自己一点儿时间)可知，Bechtel更喜欢出去吃午饭的原因是想拥有自己的时间，故答案为C。]
30．What do we know about Mazoleny?
A．He makes videos for the bar.
B．He's fond of the food at the bar.
C．He interviews customers at the bar.
D．He's familiar with the barkeeper.
D　[推理判断题。
根据题干中的Mazoleny可定位到第四段，“...chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first­name basis if he wants to have a little interaction.”中的on a first­name basis的意思是“关系好，可以直呼其名”，由此可知Mazoleny与酒吧服务员很熟，故答案为D。]
[易错项分析]　此题学生很难选。多数学生不知道on a first­name basis这个短语的意思，因此很容易选错。本题给我们的启示是，平时要多注意积累一些英语俗语。
31．What is the text mainly about?
A．The trend of having meals alone.
B．The importance of self­reflection.
C．The stress from working overtime.
D．The advantage of wireless technology.
A　[主旨大意题。根据第一、三、四段的例子，第二段的数据以及最后一段中的第一句“That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.”再次提及的eat alone可知，本文主要说了独自用餐已经逐渐成为一种趋势，故答案为A。]
[易错项分析]　选项B中的self­reflection确实提到了，但Andrew Mazoleny认为独处是自省的好机会，并未强调独处的重要性，故排除B；选项C(The stress from working overtime.)在文中未出现；最后一段虽然提到了先进的技术，但本文的重点不是无线技术的优点，故选项D也不符合。
[练后拾词]　
①energize vt.使活跃；使精力充沛
②on a first­name basis关系好；可以直呼其名
③self­reflection n．自我反思
④recharge vt.充电；恢复精力
[长难句分析]
①Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk.
Bechtel在西棕榈滩的市中心工作，她有时会和同事一起吃午饭，但像我们很多人一样，她经常在办公桌前吃午饭。
分析：本句是一个由but连接的并列复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Bechtel。
②He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first­name basis if he wants to have a little interaction.
他喜欢坐下来，安静地查看手机，或者如果想要有一点儿交流的话，他就跟关系不错的酒吧服务员说说话。
分析：本句是一个复合句。that引导宾语从句；with whom引导定语从句，修饰先行词the barkeeper；if引导条件状语从句。
D
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物)from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station，so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem？It's turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms，like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport，New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years，Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they think they're close to a solution(解决方案)．“We don't give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers，”says Florence Gold，a project manager.
“There are no tests，”Gordon says.“There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades，other than‘Are you working towards your goal？’Basically，it's ‘I've got to produce this product and then，at the end of the year，present it to NASA.’Engineers come and really do an in­person review，and ...it's not a very nice thing at times.It's a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响)on college admissions and practical life skills.“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I don't teach.”And that annoying bacteria？Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem，readying a workable solution to test in space.
【语篇解读】　主题：人与社会(科学与技术)；话题：处理太空细菌。本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。这类语篇对于启发与培养学生良好的思维品质有积极的引导作用。
32．What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?
A．They are hard to get rid of.
B．They lead to air pollution.
C．They appear in different forms.
D．They damage the instruments.
A　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station，so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.”可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为A。]
33．What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?
A．To strengthen teacher­student relationships.
B．To sharpen students' communication skills.
C．To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D．To link space technology with school education.
D　[细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.”可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。]
34．What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?
A．Check their product.
B．Guide project designs.
C．Adjust work schedules.
D．Grade their homework.
A　[细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“Engineers come and really do an in­person review...It's a hard business review of your product.”可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。]
35．What is the best title for the text?
A．NASA：The Home of Astronauts
B．Space：The Final Homework Frontier
C．Nature：An Outdoor Classroom
D．HUNCH：A College Admission Reform
B　[标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项B将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为B。]
[易错项分析]　虽然文中提到了NASA和宇航员，但没说NASA是宇航员的家，故排除A项；文中提到了高中教室与太空相连，但没说大自然是课外教室，故排除C项；文中提到HUNCH是一个program，对学生大学的录取有影响，但不是一个大学录取的改革，故排除D项。
[练后拾词]
①uncontrollably adv.控制不住地
②other than而不是
③do an in­person review亲自审核
④admission n．录取
⑤workable adj.可行的
[长难句分析]
For the past two years，Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they think they're close to a solution.
在过去的两年里，戈登的学生们一直在研究在失重状态下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为他们已经接近解决方案了。
分析：本句是一个and连接的并列复合句。think后是省略了that的宾语从句。
第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question：“Should I jump？”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board，you will stay undecided.
37 More than that，how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal？First，you need to evaluate yourself，your values，your strengths，your weaknesses，your achievements，your desires，etc.Only then should you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.This is quite important，because it is directly related to your commitment.There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So，slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment.Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives，keeping in mind your beliefs，values and strengths.Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable.You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important.For example，you may want to be a pilot but can't become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals，and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties，some planned，but most unplanned.You cannot overcome them without ample motivation.Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A．This can affect your work.
B．So how should you motivate yourself?
C．However，this should not discourage you.
D．So why should we try to set specific goals?
E．They can change according to circumstances.
F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G．Without motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
【语篇解读】　主题：人与自我(做事)；话题：有动力的方法。本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了激发动力的方法：要对自己有正确的评价；需要判断你的动机的质量和深度；设定现实的目标。
36．G　词汇锁定法解题。空格前有motivation and goal setting，而且说它们是同一枚硬币的两面，缺一不可，由此可知此处讲动力与设定目标的关系，故G项“没有动力，你既不能设定目标也不能实现它”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
37．B　关联逻辑法解题。根据空格后的“更进一步说，你如何保持动力达到目标？”可知，空格处为比此句层次稍浅的提问，B项“那么你应如何激励自己？”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
38．A　关联逻辑法解题。空前说，有时候你的心思不在工作上，这样会导致“影响你的工作”的结果，故选A。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
39．E　词汇锁定法解题。根据空格前的goals are flexible可知，目标是灵活的，故E项“它们可以根据情况而改变”与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
40．C　关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前举的例子，想当飞行员，但视力不够好，你不能因为视力不够好就泄气了，你得把自己当飞行员的目标换一下，重新设定一个目标，选项C“然而，这不应该使你气馁”与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
[方法技巧]　在做七选五时，要特别注意上下文的逻辑关系，本题侧重考查学生的逻辑推理能力。像37题就充分利用了上下文的逻辑关系，根据下面的内容，就能推出此空的答案了。
[练后拾词]
①motivation n．动机；动力；积极性
②stay undecided犹豫不决
③keep in mind记住
④flexible adj.灵活的，可变动的
[长难句分析]
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives，keeping in mind your beliefs，values and strengths.
另一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，牢记你的信念、价值观和长处。
分析：本句是一个简单句。不定式短语to analyze...作表语，keeping...是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节　(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It's about 250 miles from the hills of west­central Iowa to Ehlers' home in Minnesota.During the long trip home，following a weekend of hunting，Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen 42 alongside the road.He had 43 to coax(哄)the dog to him but，frightened，it had 44 ．
Back home，Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog.So，four days later，he called his friend Greg，and the two drove 46 ．After a long and careful 47 ，Greg saw，across a field，the dog moving 48 away.Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 ．It just started licking (舔)Ehlers' face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper.The ad had a 51 number for a town in southern Michigan.Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their dog.
Jeff had 54 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog，Rosie，but the gun shots had scared the dog off.Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesota，and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.“It's good to know there's still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kind of 57 ，”says Lisa of Ehlers' rescue 58 ．
“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59 to it as I am to my dogs，”says Ehlers.“If it had been my dog，I'd hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile.”
【语篇解读】　主题：人与自然(人与动物)；话题：Ehlers和一条走失的狗。本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位男士帮助素不相识的人找回走失的狗的故事，体现了和谐的人际关系。
41．A.read B．forgot
C．thought D．heard
C　[上下文语境题。根据空格前面的During the long trip home，following a weekend of hunting可知，在漫长的回家旅途中，经过一个周末的狩猎，Ehlers正驱车回家。再根据后面的the small dog he had seen...frightened，it had ________可知，他本想把他遇见的那条狗哄到身边来，但是狗受到惊吓跑了，因此他在回家的路上一直想着(think)那条狗。]
42．A.fighting B．trembling
C．eating D．sleeping
B　[下文语境题。与后面的frightened呼应，此处表示那条狗正在路边发抖(tremble)。]
43．A.tried B．agreed
C．promised D．regretted
A　[下文语境题。结合后面的to coax the dog to him but，frightened，it had________可知，本来Ehlers试图(try)把那条狗哄到身边来，希望帮助它。但是却没有成功，狗因为受到惊吓跑掉了。agree to do sth.同意做某事；promise to do sth.许诺做某事；regret to do sth.很遗憾要去做某事。]
44．A.calmed down B．stood up
C．rolled over D．run off
D　上文语境题。but表示转折，虽然Ehlers想把狗哄到身边来，帮助它，但是狗由于害怕，跑掉了(run off)，此处也与下文的lost等呼应。calm down平静下来，镇定下来；stand up站立；roll over翻转。
45．A.injured B．stolen
C．lost D．rescued
C　[上文语境题。根据上文的but，frightened，it had run off可知，那条狗跑掉了，因此Ehlers被那条走失的(lost)狗弄得心烦意乱。]
46．A.home B．past
C．back D．on
C　[上文语境题。根据本段的第一句“Back home，Ehlers was troubled by that lost dog.”可知，Ehlers回家了，但是他被那条走失的狗弄得心烦意乱，所以，四天后，他叫上他的朋友Greg，开车回去(back)寻找那条狗。]
47．A.preparation B．explanation
C．test D．search
D　[上下文语境题。结合前面的After a long and careful 和后面的Greg saw，across a field，the dog moving________away可知，经过长时间的仔细搜索(search)，Greg看见了那条狗。preparation准备；explanation解释；test测试。]
[知识链接]　后缀为­ation的其他常见名词：congratulation n．祝贺　application n．应用；申请　invitaion n．邀请　celebration n．庆祝；祝贺　organization n．组织；机构；团体　observation n．观察；观测　inspiration n．灵感　consideration n．考虑；体谅　occupation n．工作；职业；占领
48．A.cautiously B．casually
C．skillfully D．angrily
A　[上下文语境题。根据第一段最后一句中的frightened和下文的nervousness and fear可知，那条狗受到惊吓，感到紧张不安和恐惧，因此当Greg看见它的时候，它正小心谨慎地(cautiously)移动。casually随便地；skillfully巧妙地，精巧地；angrily生气地。]
49．A.surprise B．joy
C．hesitation D．anxiety
B　[上下文语境题。根据空格前面的nervousness and fear were replaced(紧张不安和恐惧被取代了)以及后面的“It just started licking Ehlers' face.(它就开始舔Ehlers的脸)”可知，它的不安和恐惧被快乐(joy)取代。surprise惊讶；hesitation犹豫；anxiety焦虑，忧虑。]
50．A.predicted B．advertised
C．believed D．recorded
B　[下文语境题。结合后面的as lost in the local paper及the ad可知，一位当地的农场主告诉他们这条狗好像是在当地报纸上登了广告的(advertise)走失的狗。]
51．A.house B．phone
C．street D．car
B　[下文语境题。根据后面的number for a town in southern Michigan和the number of Jeff and Lisa以及生活常识可知，寻狗启事上应该有电话(phone)号码。]
52．A.called B．copied
C．counted D．remembered
A　[下文语境题。根据后面的the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had________their dog可知，Ehlers打电话(call)告诉Jeff和Lisa，即狗的主人，他发现了他们的狗。]
53．A.fed B．adopted
C．found D．cured
C　[上文语境题。根据前面的Ehlers________the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them并结合生活常识可知，Ehlers当然是打电话告诉狗的主人，他发现(find)了他们的狗。]
54．A.hunted B．skied
C．lived D．worked
A　[下文语境题。根据后面的in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog，Rosie，but the gun shots had scared the dog off可知，Jeff带着他的狗Rosie在Iowa打猎(hunt)，但是枪声把狗吓跑了。]
55．A.on purpose B．on time
C．in turn D．in vain
D　[上下文语境题。结合上文Ehlers发现了Rosie和本句“Jeff searched________for Rosie in the next four days.”可知，Jeff找了四天，也没有找到他的狗，即徒劳无功(in vain)。on purpose故意；on time按时；in turn依次，轮流。]
56．A.cares B．sees
C．suffers D．learns
A　[上下文语境题。分析本句中的says Lisa of Ehlers' rescue可知，这句是狗的女主人Lisa赞美Ehlers的话。她认为有人能够关心(care)一条狗，真是一件好事。]
57．A.place B．trouble
C．waste D．extreme
B　[上下文语境题。结合上文Ehlers邀请朋友Greg帮助寻找那条狗，并且根据“Ehlers returned to Minnesota，and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.”可知，他还回到Minnesota，又开车100英里到了Minneapolis，在那里让Rosie登上了飞往Michigan的航班，这都说明他为那条狗大费周折(trouble)。place地方；waste浪费；extreme极端，极度。]
58．A.service B．plan
C．effort D．team
C　[上文语境题。上文提及Ehlers邀请朋友Greg一同寻找那条狗，他还回到Minnesota，又驱车100英里到了Minneapolis，在那里让Rosie登上了飞往Michigan的航班，这都说明Ehlers为了Rosie做出了很多努力(effort)。]
59．A.equal B．allergic
C．grateful D．close
D　[上文语境题。Ehlers认为无论是谁丢失了狗，都很可能像他对待自己的狗一样亲近(be close to)它。]
60．A.suitable B．proud
C．wise D．willing
D　[上下文语境题。分析本句“If it had been my dog，I'd hope that somebody would be________to go that extra mile.”可知，Ehlers认为，如果他的狗走丢了，他希望有人愿意(willing)不怕麻烦地去帮助寻找他的狗。be suitable to do sth.适合做某事；be proud to do sth.做某事很自豪；be wise to do sth.做某事是明智的。]
[练后拾词]
①eventually adv.最终
②be replaced with/by被……取代
③scare vt.惊吓
④figure vt.认为，认定
·[长难句分析]
It's good to know there's still someone out there who cares enough to go to that kind of trouble...
知道仍然有人在那里这么关心它，不惜费那么多的周折，真是令人欣慰……
分析：这是一个复合句。know后面是省略了引导词that的宾语从句。从句中又包含了一个who引导的宾语从句，修饰前面的someone，关系词在从句中作主语。
第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90­year­old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for 61.________(be)Britain's oldest full­time employee—still working 40 hours a week.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，62.________she opened with her late husband Les.Her years of hard work have 63.________(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene 64.________(declare)she had no plans 65.________(retire)from her 36­year­old business.Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66.________(make)over the years.I work not because I have to，67.________because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award.She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward.When we got a call 68.________(say)she was short­listed，we thought it was 69.________joke.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.It's 70.________(wonder)．”
【语篇解读】　主题：人与自我(做人与做事)；话题：90岁老人荣获“年度女性奖”。本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一位90岁的英国女性仍然坚持每周工作40个小时而获得“年度女性奖”的事迹。语篇以积极工作为切入点，宣扬劳动精神，引导学生培养劳动意识。
61．being　考查非谓语动词。介词for后跟动词时，要用其动名词形式。
62．which　考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，the pet shop是先行词，定语从句中缺少opened的宾语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。
63．finally　考查副词。副词修饰动词acknowledge。
64．declared　考查时态。分析句子结构可知，主句中缺少谓语动词；结合后面的had可知，此处应使用一般过去时。
65．to retire　考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式短语作plans的后置定语，表示“她没有退休的计划”。
66．have made　考查时态。根据空格后的时间状语over the years可知，句子要用现在完成时。
67．but　考查连词。not...but...不是……而是……。句意：我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。
68．saying　考查非谓语动词。say与前面的a call之间是主动关系，故填saying，现在分词短语saying...作后置定语，修饰a call。
69．a　考查冠词。joke“笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。空格后用了单数joke，故其前用a。
70．wonderful　考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。系动词is后面跟形容词作表语。wonder对应的形容词是wonderful。
[知识链接]　形容词后缀­ful，表示“有……性质的”：help→helpful有帮助的，hope→hopeful有希望的，use→useful有用的，peace→peaceful和平的，skill→skillful熟练的，color→colorful多彩的，meaning→meaningful有意义的。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
[答案]　
Since I was a kid，I've considered different job I would like to do.First，I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so coolly.Then，when I was in the five grade，I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much.When I studied chemistry high school，I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.They were two reasons for the decision.One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.
Since I was a kid，I've considered different I would like to do.First，I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so .Then，when I was in the grade，I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher much.When I studied chemistry high school，I reconsidered my goal decided to be a doctor. were two reasons for the decision.One was that I was at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.And the other that I wanted to help people in need.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者希望未来从事的职业以及喜欢各个职业的原因，弘扬了热爱工作、热爱劳动的精神。
71．job→jobs
·形容词different(不同的)后跟名词的复数形式。
72．coolly→cool
·连系动词look后跟形容词作表语。
73．five→fifth
·“上五年级”有两种表达方式：in the fifth/5th grade或in Grade 5/Five。
74．too→very/so
·too much表示“太多”，而very/so much表示“非常”，此处表示“我非常喜欢我的英语老师”。
75．在high前面加in/at
·in/at high school在高中。
76．or→and
·reconsidered和decided这两个动作是递进关系，故or改为and。
77．They→There
·此处是There be句型。
78．amazing→amazed
·amazed吃惊的，惊讶的；amazing令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的。­ed形容词说明人的感受，意为“感到……的”，­ing形容词描述人或事物本身具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，此处说明主语I的感受，故用­ed形式的形容词。
79．去掉more
·本句中better本身已经是比较级，前面只需要much来修饰，表示程度，more在本句中多余。
80．is→was
·文章整体行文都是过去时态，此处也是叙述过去发生的事情，所以也用过去时态。
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括：
1．比赛信息；
2．赛前准备；
3．表达期待。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]　
Dear Chris，
I'm Li Hua，the captain of our school volleyball team.I am writing to inform you that our team is going to play in the National League.Every participating team is great and ready for the game.It can be predicted that this is a close match.
Our team is now busy preparing for the game，from living to daily training.We are confident that we can win this competition.But we sincerely hope you will give us your guidance and encouragement.I'm sure that you will certainly wish us to win.
Thank you for your expectation and I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
[名师点评]　本文设置了学生作为学校排球队队长写信告知队友近期将参加比赛的情境，在具体的情境中考查学生的书面表达能力。这篇书面表达在考查英语语言综合运用能力的同时，体现了关注体育锻炼、倡导健康意识的理念。
(1)范文格式正确，要点齐全，内容全面，行文连贯，细节补充恰当合理。
(2)范文词汇运用灵活、规范。例如：inform，the National League，guidance and encouragement等。
(3)范文适度运用英文常见的表达句式。例如：
I am writing to inform you that...
It can be predicted that...
We are confident that...
I'm sure that...

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷Ⅲ)
英语
选
择
题
答
案
速
填
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
B
C
B
A
C
C
A
B
A
C
B
A
C
C
B
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
A
C
A
B
A
A
D
C
B
A
D
D
B
C
B
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
A
C
B
A
D
E
G
A
C
F
C
D
B
A
B
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
C
C
D
B
A
C
A
D
A
B
C
B
D
A
D
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15.　　　　　 B．￡9.18.
C．￡9.15.
答案是C。
1．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a library. B．In a bookstore.
C．In a classroom.
[答案]　B
2．How does the woman feel now?
A．Relaxed. B．Excited.
C．Tired.
[答案]　C
3．How much will the man pay?
A．$20. B．$80.
C．$100.
[答案]　B
4．What does the man tell Jane to do?
A．Postpone his appointment.
B．Meet Mr.Douglas.
C．Return at 3 o'clock.
[答案]　A
5．Why would David quit his job?
A．To go back to school.
B．To start his own firm.
C．To work for his friend.
[答案]　C
第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the man want the woman to do?
A．Check the cupboard.
B．Clean the balcony.
C．Buy an umbrella.
[答案]　C
7．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Husband and wife.
B．Employer and employee.
C．Shop assistant and customer.
[答案]　A
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Where did the woman go at the weekend?
A．The city centre.
B．The forest park.
C．The man's home.
[答案]　B
9．How did the man spend his weekend?
A．Packing for a move.
B．Going out with Jenny.
C．Looking for a new house.
[答案]　A
10．What will the woman do for the man?
A．Take Henry to hospital.
B．Stay with his kid.
C．Look after his pet.
[答案]　C
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is Mr.Stone doing now?
A．Eating lunch.
B．Having a meeting.
C．Writing a diary.
[答案]　B
12．Why does the man want to see Mr.Stone?
A．To discuss a program.
B．To make a travel plan.
C．To ask for sick leave.
[答案]　A
13．When will the man meet Mr.Stone this afternoon?
A．At 3：00. B．At 3：30.
C．At 3：45.
[答案]　C
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What are the speakers talking about?
A．A company. B．An interview.
C．A job offer.
[答案]　C
15．Who is Monica Stansfield?
A．A junior specialist.
B．A department manager.
C．A sales assistant.
[答案]　B
16．When will the man hear from the woman?
A．On Tuesday.
B．On Wednesday.
C．On Thursday.
[答案]　A
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?
A．Touring France.
B．Playing outdoors.
C．Painting pictures.
[答案]　C
18．What did John do after he moved to the US?
A．He did business.
B．He studied biology.
C．He worked on a farm.
[答案]　A
19．Why did John go hunting?
A．For food.
B．For pleasure.
C．For money.
[答案]　B
20．What is the subject of John's works?
A．American birds.
B．Natural scenery.
C．Family life.
[答案]　A
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.Merri Milwe directs.In previews.Opens Feb.12.(West Park Presbyterian Church，165 W．86th St.212­868­4444.)
The Audience
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years.Stephen Daldry directs.Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey.Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W．45th St.212­239­6200.)
Hamilton
Lin­Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.Thomas Kail directs.In previews.Opens Feb.17.(Public，425 Lafayette St.212­967­7555.)
On the Twentieth Century
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross­country train journey.Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company.Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre，227 W．42nd St.212­719­1300.)
[语篇解读]　主题：人与社会(艺术)；话题：戏剧和音乐剧的开演和预演广告。本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了两部戏剧和两部音乐剧的内容简介、导演等相关信息。
21．What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?
A．A type of art.　　　　 B．A teenager's studio.
C．A great teacher. D．A group of animals.
A　[推理判断题。由题干中的the play by Rajiv Joseph定位到原文第一则广告。由此广告中戏剧的名字Animals Out of Paper以及“...in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.(……在这部戏剧中，一位折纸艺术家把一个青少年天才和他的老师邀请到了她的工作室)”可知，这部戏剧很可能是关于一种艺术——折纸术的，故选A项。]
22．Who is the director of The Audience?
A．Helen Mirren. B．Peter Morgan.
C．Dylan Baker. D．Stephen Daldry.
D　[细节理解题。由题干中的the director of The Audience定位到原文第二则广告。由此广告中的“Stephen Daldry directs.”可知导演是Stephen Daldry，故选D项。]
[易错项分析]　本题容易误选B项。有些考生一看到原文中的Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan就贸然下结论，以为这部戏剧的导演是Peter Morgan，因此就不再继续往下读了。实际上Peter Morgan是这部戏剧的编剧，不是导演。
23．Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?
A．Animals Out of Paper.
B．The Audience.
C．Hamilton.
D．On the Twentieth Century.
C　[细节理解题。由题干中的American history定位到原文第三则广告。由此广告中的“...in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.(……在这部音乐剧中，美国的诞生被以一个移民故事的形式展现出来)”可知，你如果对美国历史感兴趣，应该去看Hamilton这部音乐剧。]
[技巧点拨]　应用文解题技巧
应用文是高考必考的语篇类型之一，难度最小，一般设置三个题目。因为这类文章的各个部分之间联系不大，解答的关键在于找准每个题干中的关键词，然后回到原文中找到与之对应的信息，从而快速、高效地定位答案所在段落或句子。采用跳读法或寻读法，可以节省做题时间，提高做题效率。
[练后拾词]　
①talent n．天才，有才能的人
②preview n．(戏剧、电影等的)预演，预映
③star v．(在电影、电视节目等中)担任主角，主演
B
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A＋E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China­inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill.“Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion － they are central to its movement.”Of course，not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China—some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.“Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.“The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，” she says.“China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market.If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China－its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”
[语篇解读]　主题：人与社会(文化)；话题：中国引领国际时尚和设计发展。本文是一篇新闻报道。文章以国外视角报道中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。这篇文章通过在试题情境中融入中国优秀传统文化和美学知识，引导考生在关注和提高审美情趣的同时，坚定理想信念，增强文化自信，树立正确的价值观。
24．What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?
A．It promoted the sales of artworks.
B．It attracted a large number of visitors.
C．It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D．It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
B　[推理判断题。由题干中的the exhibition in New York定位到原文第三段。本段中并没有提到这次展览促进了艺术品的销售，也没有提到展示了中国古代的服装，故排除A、C两项；由“The exhibition had record attendance，showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.(此次展览吸引了破纪录的出席者，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣)”可知，B项表述正确；由原文中的“...with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.(……旨在探索中国美学对西方时尚的影响，以及几个世纪以来中国是如何激发时尚想象力的)”可知，这次展览的目的不是介绍中国模特儿，故D项表述错误。]
25．What does Hill say about Chinese women?
A．They are setting the fashion.
B．They start many fashion campaigns.
C．They admire super models.
D．They do business all over the world.
A　[推理判断题。由原文第四段中Hill说的“...Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.(……中国女性不仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心)”可以推断出，她们正在引领潮流，故选A项。B项“她们发起许多时尚运动”，C项“她们崇拜超模”，D项“她们在世界各地做生意”，均不符合此处的语境。]
26．What do the underlined words “taking on” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．learning from B．looking down on
C．working with D．competing against
D　[词义猜测题。由画线词后面的“beating them hands down in design and sales(在设计和销售方面轻而易举地击败他们)”可知，take on此处意为“与……较量”，故选D项competing against。learn from向……学习；look down on轻视，瞧不起；work with与……共事。]
[方法技巧]　猜测词义的技巧
根据语境判断是猜测词义的基本技巧。只有把上下文看懂了，才能根据已知内容推断未知内容。例如本题就必须理解画线部分后面的内容，尤其要知道hands down是固定搭配，意为“轻易地，不费力地”，才能作出猜测。
27．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B．A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C．Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D．Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
D　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章的第一段就点明了主题：对于西方设计师来说，长期以来中国及其丰富的文化一直是西方创作者的灵感来源。接下来Amanda Hill对中国文化和中国美学对国际时尚的影响进行了评价，由此可知，中国文化推动了国际时尚潮流，故D项作为文章的标题最合适。Hill说中国模特儿是向全世界女性贩卖梦想的美丽和时尚活动的代言人，旨在强调中国女性在时尚方面的重要性；在纽约举办的中国艺术展只是文章提到的一个事例，不是文章论述的中心；文章中没有提到东西方在审美方面的不同，因此A、B、C三项均不能概括全文。]
[方法技巧]　标题归纳题常见干扰项类型：①以偏概全——干扰项只阐述了文章的局部信息；②断章取义——干扰项常常是文章中的个别信息或个别字眼，或者以次要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点；③主题扩大——干扰项所归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所表述的内容；④张冠李戴——命题者有意地把属于A的特征放在B的身上；⑤无中生有或似是而非——有的干扰项中的关键词语好像在文章中提到了，但认真分析之后，你会发现这些内容与文章毫无联系。⑥正反混淆——将原文含义颠倒黑白。
[练后拾词]　
①inspiration n．灵感；给人以灵感的人或物
②fuel v．增加；加强；刺激
③overlook v．忽略，不予理会
④beat sb.hands down轻而易举地击败某人
⑤breathtaking adj.激动人心的；惊人的
⑥acknowledge vt.承认
[长难句分析]　
①The exhibition had record attendance，showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
此次展览吸引了破纪录的出席者，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。
分析：句中现在分词短语showing...作结果状语，that there is huge interest in Chinese influences是that引导的宾语从句，作showing的宾语。
②Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world，which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.
中国模特儿是向全世界女性贩卖梦想的美丽和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着中国女性不仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。
分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中that sell dreams to women all over the world是that引导的定语从句；which means Chinese women are not just...是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的整个内容。
C
Before the 1830s，most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year.Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens.Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades.In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.They were dull and visually forbidding.But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”－a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.It meant any inexpensive newspaper；perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight.It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830，but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy.Street sales were almost unknown.However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities.At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny－usually two or three cents was charged—and some of the older well­known papers charged five or six cents.But the phrase “penny paper” caught the public's fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well.Some of the early ventures(企业)were immediate failures.Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition.It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
[语篇解读]　主题：人与社会(历史)；话题：美国报纸的发展。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国报纸大众化的发展过程。
28．Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?
A．Academic. B．Unattractive.
C．Inexpensive. D．Confidential.
B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They were dull and visually forbidding.”可知当时的美国报纸既枯燥又在视觉上令人生畏，故选unattractive“不吸引人的”。academic学术的；inexpensive不贵的，便宜的；confidential机密的，受信任的。]
29．What did street sales mean to newspapers?
A．They would be priced higher.
B．They would disappear from cities.
C．They could have more readers.
D．They could regain public trust.
C　[推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段可知，报纸当时的变化趋势是越来越面向大众，变得更便宜，而且在街上就可以买到一份报纸，由此可推断报纸的街头销售意味着“报纸可以拥有更多的读者”，故选C项。]
30．Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
A．Local politicians. B．Common people.
C．Young publishers. D．Rich businessmen.
B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The trend，then，was toward the‘penny paper’—a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.”可知报纸发展的新趋势的目标读者是普通人，故选B项。]
31．What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?
A．It was a difficult process.
B．It was a temporary success.
C．It was a robbery of the poor.
D．It was a disaster for printers.
A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，报纸的大众化新趋势进展得并不容易，经过了早期一些企业的失败，然后通过一些年轻而勇敢的商人的努力才成功，故选A项。]
[练后拾词]　
①accordingly adv.因此
②appeal to吸引
③commonplace adj.平凡的；普通的
[长难句分析]　
Publishers already in business，people who were owners of successful papers，had little desire to change the tradition.
已经进入商业领域的出版商，也就是那些成功报纸的拥有者，没有多少欲望来改变这一传统。
分析：people who were owners of successful papers是句子主语publishers的同位语，其中people后带有who引导的定语从句，have little desire to do sth.意为“没有多少欲望做某事”。
D
Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.
A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0­25 drops of water or juice as a reward.The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined－or added－the symbols to get the reward.
Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens.On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown.For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8.If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers－17 in this example.
After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value－sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6.The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分)of the smaller number to it.
“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains，”Dr.Livingstone says.“But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”
[语篇解读]　主题：人与社会(科学)；话题：猴子算数。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛医学院做的一项动物实验，实验发现猴子能进行基本的加法运算，但加的结果有时会小于总和。
32．What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?
A．They fed them. B．They named them.
C．They trained them. D．They measured them.
C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys...”和“The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.”可知研究者们是先训练猴子然后才进行测试的，故选C项。其他三项均未提及。]
33．How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?
A．By drawing a circle.
B．By touching a screen.
C．By watching videos.
D．By mixing two drinks.
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice...”可知猴子们是通过触碰屏幕得到奖励的，故选B项。其他三项均不是猴子所做的事。]
34．What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?
A．They could perform basic addition.
B．They could understand simple words.
C．They could memorize numbers easily.
D．They could hold their attention for long.
A　[细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，研究人员在进行了数百次测试后发现，猴子多半时候会选择更高的值，这表明它们是在进行计算，而不仅仅是记忆每个组合的值。]
35．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Entertainment. B．Health.
C．Education. D．Science.
D　[推理判断题。全文围绕科学实验展开——研究者训练猴子并对其进行测试后发现猴子能够进行简单的加法运算，但有时计算的结果不够精确。由此可知，该文章可能出现在报纸的科学版上。]
[练后拾词]　
①be provided with装备有
②calculation n．计算
③combination n．组合
④closely adv.严密地
[长难句分析]　
After running hundreds of tests，the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time，indicating that they were performing a calculation，not just memorizing the value of each combination.
在进行了数百次测试后，研究人员注意到，猴子多半时候会选择更高的值，这表明它们是在进行计算，而不仅仅是记忆每个组合的值。
分析：在本句中，第一个that引导宾语从句，作noted的宾语；在宾语从句中，indicating...为现在分词短语作状语，起补充说明的作用。第二个that同样引导宾语从句。
第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise.Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
· 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
·Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open­ended forums for dialogue. 38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information.Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
·Don't share personal information or stories.Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39
·Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student.If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A．That's what they are for.
B．Turn to an online instructor for help.
C．If more information is needed, they will ask.
D．Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E．Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners.
F．Everyone has taken a not­so­great class at one time or another.
G．Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
[语篇解读]　主题：人与自我(生活与学习)；话题：建立健康有益的互动交流。本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在选修网络课程时如何与授课老师建立健康有益的互动交流。这篇文章视角独特，倡导积极和谐的人际关系和人文情怀。
36．E　[关联逻辑法解题。空格前说，在网络课堂上，与授课老师建立健康的沟通模式是非常重要的，空格后说，虽然“我”每个只列出了两条，但显然还有许多其他情况可能发生。下面的段落紧接着介绍了沟通的注意事项——两“做”和两“不做”，因此E项“下面是在线学习者应该做和不应该做的一些常见事情”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。]
37．G　[设题位置法解题。空格后说，与主题内容相关的问题通常会受欢迎。在询问有关课程设计的问题之前，阅读教学大纲和学习管理系统信息，以确保答案不会隐藏在眼皮底下。由此可推知，此段表达要提出好的有水平的问题，故选G项“问问题，但要确保这些问题是好的、深思熟虑的问题”。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。]
38．A　[关联逻辑法解题。空格前说，参加论坛、博客和其他开放式论坛来进行对话，空格后为参加论坛等的一些注意事项，A项“那就是它们的作用”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。]
39．C　[关联逻辑法解题。空格前交代，如果你需要延长最后期限，只需向授课老师解释一下情况，故选C项“如果需要更多的信息，他们会询问”。本设空类型属于细节理解类。]
40．F　[关联逻辑法解题。空格前说，不要公开表达对授课老师或课程的不满，空格后提及，如果授课老师的专业水平或能力确实令人担忧，一定要使用在线课程评价来冷静地发表你的意见，因此F项“每个人都曾经有过不太好的上课经历”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。]
[练后拾词]　
①participate in参加
②irrelevant adj.无关紧要的；不相关的(ir­是否定前缀)
第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节　(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid­March— 41 six months out of the year.
“Of course, we 42 it when the sun is shining，” says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office.“We see the sky is 43 ， but down in the valley it's darker － it's like on a 44 day.”
But that 45 when a system of high­tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below.Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan 47 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48 .The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather.They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town's central 51 ， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.When the light 52 ， Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other，” Ro says.“The town square was totally 55 ．I think almost all the people in the town were there.”The 3，500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the same time. 57 ， the new light feels like more than enough for the town's 58 residents.
“It's not very 59 ，” she says, “but it is enough when we are 60 ．”
[语篇解读]　主题：人与自然(自然生态)；话题：运用高科技“引进”阳光。本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了挪威小城尤坎一年中接近半年无法得到阳光直射，这种情况通过运用高科技设备得以改善。该语篇旨在激发思考，引导考生关注自然生态，探索人与自然的和谐相处之道。
41．A.only B．obviously
C．nearly D．precisely
C　[上文语境题。根据空前所述(从九月底到三月中旬)可知，此处指接近(nearly)六个月的时间。only只有；obviously明显地；precisely精确地。]
42．A.fear B．believe
C．hear D．notice
D　[上下文语境题。由上文可知挪威小城尤坎接近六个月的时间没有阳光直射，再根据下文引号里的话可知，当地人在阳光照耀的时候注意(notice)到天空是蓝色的，但山谷里较暗。fear害怕；believe相信；hear听说。]
43．A.empty B．blue
C．high D．wide
B　[上文语境题。显然，该引号中的话为当地人注意到的情况——我们看到天空是蓝色的(blue)，但山谷里较暗。empty空的；high高的；wide宽的。]
44．A.cloudy B．normal
C．different D．warm
A　[上文语境题。山谷里较暗，就像阴天(a cloudy day)一样。normal正常的；different不同的；warm温暖的。]
45．A.helped B．changed
C．happened D．mattered
B　[上下文语境题。但是当一套高科技的镜子系统被引进之后，这种状况改变(change)了。help帮助；happen发生；matter重要。]
46．A.computers B．telescopes
C．mirrors D．cameras
C　[下文语境题。由下文中的“The mirrors are controlled...”可知该空填mirrors(镜子)。computer电脑；telescope望远镜；camera照相机。]
47．A.remembered B．forecasted
C．received D．imagined
C　[上下文语境题。由上下文可知，在引进高科技的镜子系统后，尤坎居民收到(receive)了冬日阳光的第一束光。remember记住；forecast预报；imagine想象。]
48．A.repair B．risk
C．rest D．use
D　[上文语境题。由该句前的冒号可知，此句介绍尤坎居民是如何得到光源的——附近山坡上的一排反射板投入使用。put to use“投入使用”，符合语境。repair修理；risk冒险；rest休息。]
49．A.forbids B．directs
C．predicts D．follows
B　[上下文语境题。这些镜子是由电脑控制的，电脑可以让它们在白天随着太阳转动，在有风的天气里关闭。direct“管理，指挥”，符合语境。forbid禁止；predict预测；follow跟随。]
50．A.day B．night
C．month D．year
A　[上下文语境题。因为是要反射光源，肯定是在白天时间。throughout the day“整个白天”，符合语境。]
51．A.library B．hall
C．square D．street
C　[下文语境题。由下一段中的“The town square was totally...”可知，此空填square。library图书馆；hall大厅；street街道。]
52．A.appeared B．returned
C．faded D．stopped
A　[上文语境题。当光出现(appear)的时候，尤坎居民就聚集到一起。return返回；fade消失；stop停止。]
53．A.driving B．hiding
C．camping D．sitting
D　[下文语境题。与空后的standing对应的是sitting，指人们或坐或站，故选D项。drive驾驶；hide躲藏；camp露营。]
54．A.pictures B．notes
C．care D．hold
A　[上下文语境题。人们或坐或站，互相拍照。take pictures of“给……拍照”，符合语境。take notes of记笔记；take care of照顾；take hold of握住。]
55．A.new B．full
C．flat D．silent
B　[下文语境题。由空后的“我觉得几乎镇上所有人都在那里了”可知城镇广场完全满了(full)。new新的；flat平淡的，单调的；silent沉默的。]
56．A.block B．avoid
C．enjoy D．store
C　[上下文语境题。3 500个居民不能同时享受(enjoy)阳光。block挡住，堵住；avoid避免；store储存。]
57．A.Instead B．However
C．Gradually D．Similarly
B　[语义逻辑题。空前提到居民不能同时享受阳光，空后说，新光线对小镇居民而言感觉绰绰有余，由此可知，前后语义为转折关系，故填however(然而)。instead反而，相反；gradually逐渐地；similarly相似地。]
58．A.nature­loving B．energy­saving
C．weather­beaten D．sun­starved
D　[上文语境题。尤坎小镇原本每年有接近六个月的时间不见阳光，所以说他们是渴望阳光的(sun­starved)居民。nature­loving热爱自然的；energy­saving节约能源的；weather­beaten饱经风霜的。]
[知识链接]　以动词的分词为中心的复合形容词
①名词＋现在分词：peace­loving(爱好和平的)，time­saving(节省时间的)，summer­flowering(夏天开花的)，ocean­going(远洋的)
②名词＋过去分词：heart­felt(衷心的)，home­made(家里做的，自制的)，book­filled(放满书的)，poverty­stricken(贫困不堪的)
③形容词(或副词)＋现在分词：easy­going(随和的)，familiar­sounding(听起来熟悉的)，hard­working(努力工作的)，ever­lasting(永恒的)
④形容词(或副词)＋过去分词：newly­developed(新发展起来的)，well­balanced(均衡的；明智的)，half­baked(半熟的，考虑不周的)，hard­won(来之不易的)，quick­frozen(速冻的)，fresh­frozen(鲜冻的)
59．A.big B．clear
C．cold D．easy
A　[上下文语境题。由上文Ro的叙述以及more than enough等字眼可知，对于渴望阳光的尤坎居民而言，新光线让他们心满意足。故此处语境为“它不是很大(big)，但当我们分享(share)的时候就足够了”。]
60．A.trying B．waiting
C．watching D．sharing
D　[上文语境题。当我们分享(share)的时候就足够了。try尝试；wait等待；watch观看。]
[练后拾词]　
①be situated between坐落于……之间
②introduce v．介绍，引入
③reflect v．反射(reflective adj.反射的)
④roughly adv.粗略地
⑤gather together聚集在一起
⑥totally adv.完全地
⑦more than enough绰绰有余
[长难句分析]　
The mirrors are controlled by a computer that directs them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather.
这些镜子是由电脑控制的，电脑可以让它们在白天随着太阳转动，在有风的天气里关闭。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。主干部分为The mirrors are controlled by a computer。that引导的定语从句修饰先行词a computer，且that在从句中作主语。directs them to turn...and to close...为从句的主干部分。
第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining 61.________ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 62.________(get)there.It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63.________ dogs，seven to be exact.They were well trained by their masters 64.________ had great experience with caring for these animals.Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65.________(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66.________(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it.They also shared with us many 67.________(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were 68.________(huge)popular with tourists.On the last day of our week­long stay，we 69.________(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，70.________(listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
[语篇解读]　主题：人与自我(生活)；话题：旅行经历。本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的一次旅行经历。
61．so　[考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处是so...that...结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，so修饰副词hard。]
62．to get　[考查非谓语动词。此处是it takes some time to do sth.结构，意为“花费多长时间做某事”。]
63．of　[考查介词。a pack of是固定搭配，意为“一群……”。]
64．who　[考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指人的先行词their masters，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who。]
65．recommended　[考查时态。此处讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]
66．competition　[考查词性转换(动词变名词)。根据空格前的an interesting可知，此处应填动词compete的名词形式competition。]
67．traditional　[考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。所填词修饰名词stories，故应用tradition的形容词形式traditional。]
[知识链接]　n．＋­al→adj.
nation n．国家→national adj.国家的
person n．人→personal adj.个人的
music n．音乐→musical adj.音乐的
nature n．自然→natural adj.自然的
globe n．地球→global adj.全球的
education n．教育→educational adj.教育的
68．hugely　[考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。所填词修饰形容词popular，故应用huge的副词形式hugely。be hugely popular with非常受……欢迎。]
69．were invited　[考查时态和语态。事情发生在过去，且主语we与动词invite之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。]
70．listening　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式与and后面的现在分词meeting并列，主语we与listen之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。]
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I've had many dreams since I was a child.Now my dream is to opens a cafe.Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts.What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.I want my cafe have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”．In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them.If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
[答案]　
I've had many dreams since I was a child.Now my dream is to a cafe. Though it may appear simple，it a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as “Tang Dynasty”．In the cafe，customers will enjoy in the historical environment is created for them. If I succeed in one，I will open more.I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different .Each of my cafes will have a different theme and unique style.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者要开办多家咖啡馆的梦想。语篇以积极工作为切入点，宣扬劳动精神，倡导考生培养劳动意识、树立奋斗精神。
71．opens→open
·to是不定式符号，后跟动词原形。不定式短语to open a cafe在句中作表语。
72．required→requires
·文章讲述的是现在发生的事，故用一般现在时。
73．ordinarily→ordinary
·此处用形容词ordinary修饰名词cafe。
74．cafe后加to
·want sb./sth.to do sth.希望某人/某物做某事。
75．去掉as后的like
·such as例如，是固定搭配。
76．yourselves→themselves
·此处指代主语customers，要用themselves。
77．what→that/which
·先行词是the historical environment，定语从句中缺少主语，故用that或which。what可以引导宾语从句、表语从句等，但不可以引导定语从句。
78．manage→managing
·succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。
79．city→cities
·many修饰可数名词复数。
80．an→a
·unique是读音以辅音音素开头的单词，其前用a，不用an。类似的词还有university，European等。
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：
1．时间；
2．活动安排；
3．欢迎他表演节目。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]　
Dear Allen，
I'm Li Hua, your Chinese friend.I'm glad to tell you that a Chinese classical music concert will be held in the music hall of our school on November 8th. According to the concert poster，many music masterpieces will be played by a famous band.Knowing that you are fond of classical music，I'd like to invite you to join me and welcome you to show your performance.I'm sure it is a good chance to perform your favorite music.
If it is convenient for you, I'll meet you at the entrance of the music hall at 7：00 that evening.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
[名师点评]　(1)范文覆盖所有内容要点，“时间、活动安排、欢迎他表演节目”等均包含在内且有适当发挥。如：
①时间、地点(in the music hall of our school on November 8th)；
②活动安排(many music masterpieces will be played)；
③欢迎他表演节目(welcome you to show your performance)。
(2)范文应用了较多的语法结构。如：
①宾语从句that a Chinese classical music concert...；
②分词作状语Knowing that you are fond of...；
③状语从句If it is convenient for you...。
(3)范文使用了一些较高级词汇，显示了较强的语言运用能力。如使用according to，be fond of，convenient等较高级词汇，增加了文章的得分点。
A1　2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试·全国 Ⅰ 卷
英　语
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡ 19.15. 　　B．￡ 9.18. 　　C．￡ 9.15.
答案是C。
1．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a supermarket.
B．In the post office.
C．In the street.
2．What did Carl do?
A．He designed a medal.
B．He fixed a TV set.
C．He took a test.
3．What does the man do?
A．He's a tailor.
B．He's a waiter.
C．He's a shop assistant.
4．When will the flight arrive?
A．At 18：20.
B．At 18：35.
C．At 18：50.
5．How can the man improve his article?
A．By deleting unnecessary words.
B．By adding a couple of points.
C．By correcting grammar mistakes.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does Bill often do on Friday night?
A．Visit his parents.
B．Go to the movies.
C．Walk along Broadway.
7．Who watches musical plays most often?
A．Bill.
B．Sarah.
C．Bill's parents.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Why does David want to speak to Mike?
A．To invite him to a party.
B．To discuss a schedule.
C．To call off a meeting.
9．What do we know about the speakers?
A．They are colleagues.
B．They are close friends.
C．They've never met before.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What kind of camera does the man want?
A．A TV camera.
B．A video camera.
C．A movie camera.
11．Which function is the man most interested in?
A．Underwater filming.
B．A large memory.
C．Auto­focus.
12．How much would the man pay for the second camera?
A．950 euros.
B．650 euros.
C．470 euros.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Who is Clifford?
A．A little girl.
B．The man's pet.
C．A fictional character.
14．Who suggested that Norman paint for children's books?
A．His wife.
B．Elizabeth.
C．A publisher.
15．What is Norman's story based on?
A．A book.
B．A painting.
C．A young woman.
16．What is it that shocked Norman?
A．His unexpected success.
B．His efforts made in vain.
C．His editor's disagreement.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker?
A．Relatives.
B．Strangers.
C．Visitors.
18．Why do people have small talk?
A．To express opinions.
B．To avoid arguments.
C．To show friendliness.
19．Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk?
A．Politics.
B．Movies.
C．Salaries.
20．What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture?
A．Asking open­ended questions.
B．Feeling free to change topics.
C．Making small talk interesting.
【答案】　1—5　CBACA　6—10　BBCCB
11—15　ACCAB　16—20　ABCBA
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 a．m. to 5：00 p．m. and is located(位于) at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays，generally a Sunday timetable operates.On certain major event days，i.e.Australia Day，Anzac Day，sporting and cultural days，special additional services may operate.Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable.Before travel please visit translink.com.au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.For assistance，please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains(outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6：42 p．m.
Altandi
Varsity Lakes
7：37 p．m.
7：29 p．m.
Central
Varsity Lakes
8：52 p．m.
8：57 p．m.
Fortitude Valley
Varsity Lakes
9：52 p．m.
11：02 p．m.
Roma Street
Varsity Lakes
12：22 a．m.
语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——列车服务信息
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了乘坐火车的相关信息。
21．What would you do to get ticket information?
A．Call 13 16 17.
B．Visit translink.com.au.
C．Ask at the local station.
D．Check the train schedule.
C　[细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.”可知想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站，本题答案为C。]
22．At which station can you find the lost property office?
A．Altandi. B．Roma Street.
C．Varsity Lakes. D．Fortitude Valley.
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 a．m. to 5：00 p．m. and is located (位于) at Roma Street station.” 可知失物招领处位于Roma Street车站。本题答案为B。]
23．Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A．6：42 p．m. B．7：29 p．m.
C．8：57 p．m. D．11：02 p．m.
B　[细节理解题。根据文中表格的内容可知，从Central到Varsity Lakes的列车的出发时间为晚上7：29。]
B
Returning to a book you've read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend.There's a welcome familiarity—but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both，and thus the relationship.But books don't change，people do.And that's what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.It's true，the older I get，the more I feel time has wings.But with reading，it's all about the present.It's about the now and what one contributes to the now，because reading is a give and take between author and reader.Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually.The first，which I take to reading every spring，is Ernest Hemingway's A Moveable Feast.Published in 1964，it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.The language is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.Another is Annie Dillard's Holy the Firm，her poetic 1975 ramble(随笔) about everything and nothing.The third book is Julio Cortázar's Save Twilight：Selected Poems，because poetry.And because Cortázar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books，these three were given to me as gifts，which might add to the meaning I attach to them.But I imagine that，while money is indeed wonderful and necessary，rereading an author's work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.But remember，it's you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
语篇类型：夹叙夹议文 　主题语境：人与自我——丰富自我——作者对重读以前读过的书的感悟
【语篇解读】　重读一本你读过很多次的书，感觉就像和老朋友一起参加酒宴一样。重读的美妙之处在于，我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的精神状态之上的，随着年龄的增长，你对书中内容的理解也逐步加深。
24．Why does the author like rereading?
A．It evaluates the writer­reader relationship.
B．It's a window to a whole new world.
C．It's a substitute for drinking with a friend.
D．It extends the understanding of oneself.
D　[推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，作者认为重读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系基于我们目前的精神状态，作者年龄越大，就越觉得时光如梭。由此可推知，重读以前读过的书能让你加深对阅读内容的理解。随着年龄的增长，你可能阅历更丰富，你对书中内容的理解也逐步加深。因此答案为D。]
[干扰项分析]　A项的陈述与原文不符，原文并没有提到作者与读者的关系。B项是常理项，但是原文中没有信息支撑这个选项。原文中说重读一本你读过很多次的书，感觉就像和老朋友一起参加酒宴一样。作者用了比喻，但是阅读不能代替与朋友参加酒宴，因此C项错误。
25．What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast?
A．It's a brief account of a trip.
B．It's about Hemingway's life as a young man.
C．It's a record of a historic event.
D．It's about Hemingway's friends in Paris.
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Published in 1964，it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris...an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.” 可知，A Moveable Feast讲述年迈的海明威回忆青年时代在巴黎度过的日子，因此本题答案为B。]
26．What does the underlined word “currency” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Debt. B．Reward.
C．Allowance. D．Face value.
B　[词义猜测题。根据最后一段的第二句可知，作者认为，虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的，但重读作家的著作是读者对该作家的最高奖励，因此画线词在此处指奖励。]
27．What can we infer about the author from the text?
A．He loves poetry.
B．He's an editor.
C．He's very ambitious.
D．He teaches reading.
A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Another is Annie Dillard's Holy the Firm，her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing.The third book is Julio Cortázar's Save Twilight：Selected Poems，because poetry.”可以推断作者喜爱诗歌。]
C
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows，while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.It does，however，have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes.The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50­kilometer race walk，which is about five miles longer than the marathon.But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触) with the ground at all times.It's this strange from that makes race walking such an attractive activity，however，says Jaclyn Norberg，an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem，Mass.
Like running，race walking is physically demanding，she says.According to most calculations，race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour，which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking，although fewer than running，which would probably burn about 1，000 or more calories per hour.
However，race walking does not pound the body as much as running does，Dr.Norberg says.According to her research，runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step，while race walkers，who do not leave the ground，create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result，she says，some of the injuries associated with running，such as runner's knee，are uncommon among race walkers.But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips，so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.In fact，anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique，she says.It takes some practice.
语篇类型：说明文 　主题语境：人与社会——体育——竞走运动及其与跑步的不同之处
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了竞走这项运动的相关情况及其与跑步的不同之处。
28．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?
A．They must run long distances.
B．They are qualified for the marathon.
C．They have to follow special rules.
D．They are good at swinging their legs.
C　[推理判断题。由题干中的关键词conditioned athletes可将解题信息定位至第二段，根据该段中的“But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times.”可知，竞走运动的规则要求竞走者的膝关节在腿摆动时的大部分时间里伸直，同时一只脚保持与地面接触。据此可知，竞走者必须遵循一些特殊的运动规则，故C项正确。]
29．What advantage does race walking have over running?
A．It's more popular at the Olympics.
B．It's less challenging physically.
C．It's more effective in body building.
D．It's less likely to cause knee injuries.
D　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“some of the injuries associated with running，such as runner's knee，are uncommon among race walkers”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，如跑步者的膝盖(受伤)，在竞走者中并不常见。据此可知，竞走不太可能导致膝盖受伤，故D项正确。]
30．What is Dr.Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking?
A．Getting experts' opinions.
B．Having a medical checkup.
C．Hiring an experienced coach.
D．Doing regular exercises.
A　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique” 可知，Norberg博士建议任何希望尝试竞走的人或许应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走者，以学习正确的技巧，故A项正确。]
31．Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking?
A．Skeptical. B．Objective.
C．Tolerant. D．Conservative.
B　[观点态度题。根据全文内容可知，作者提到了竞走这项运动的好处，同时也指出它的一些危害，态度是客观的，故B项正确。]
D
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.Recent studies have found positive effects.A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example，discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions.These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.“We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day，” explained Michael Strano，a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光) in experiments using some common vegetables.Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three­and­a­half hours.The light，about one­thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start.The technology，Strano said，could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self­powered street lamps.
In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one­off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime.The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off“switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway—a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输)．Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——人与植物——发光植物
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了与植物有关的研究，重点介绍了发光植物的相关内容。
32．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．A new study of different plants.
B．A big fall in crime rates.
C．Employees from various workplaces.
D．Benefits from green plants.
D　[主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“Recent studies have found positive effects.” 可知，D选项“Benefits from green plants”能概括本段内容。]
33．What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers?
A．To detect plants' lack of water.
B．To change compositions of plants.
C．To make the life of plants longer.
D．To test chemicals in plants.
A　[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water...”可知，A选项正确。根据该句后半部分“a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.”可知，干扰项D选项错误。]
34．What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?
A．They will speed up energy production.
B．They may transmit electricity to the home.
C．They might help reduce energy consumption.
D．They could take the place of power plants.
C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句“Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.”可推知，在未来发光的植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。]
35．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Can we grow more glowing plants?
B．How do we live with glowing plants?
C．Could glowing plants replace lamps?
D．How are glowing plants made pollution­free?
C　[主旨大意题。文章第一段点明植物的积极作用；第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研究；第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光；第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以“打开”和“关上”；第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多，或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。故C选项(发光的植物能代替灯吗？)最能凸显本文主题。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self­Acceptance
We all want it... to accept and love ourselves.But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not­good­enough.Why do you follow them？Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs？Know that your life is your own；you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.We are often ashamed of our shortcomings，our mistakes and our failures. 38 You will make mistakes，time and time again.Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better，why not offer yourself a compassionate(有同情心) response？“That didn't go as planned.But，I tried my best.”
●Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job，earned your degree，and you got out of bed today. 39
●Now that you've listed your strengths，list your imperfections.Turn the page in your journal.Put into words why you feel unworthy，why you don't feel good enough.Now，read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.See how awesome you are?
A．Feeling upset again?
B．Where do you start?
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember，you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self­acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start?
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——认识自我——自我接受
【语篇解读】　文章主要介绍了一些自我接受的小技巧。
36．B　[由空前内容可知我们都想接受并爱自己。但有时它似乎太困难，太遥不可及。由空后一句“Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.”可知，空处指你应从哪儿开始，B项符合语境。]
37．F　[本空是段落主题句。由空后的两个问句可知本段主要讲不要和他人对比，故F项(停止与他人作比较)符合语境。]
38．D　[根据段落主题句可知，本段主要讲要原谅自己所犯的错误。根据空后一句可知你会一次又一次地犯错，即你只是个人，是人都会犯错，D项符合语境。]
39．C　[本段主要讲要认识到自己的优点并列举出你的成就，由空前一句“You have a job，earned your degree，and you got out of bed today.”可知，再小的事也应庆祝，C项符合语境。]
40．A　[根据空前的“list your imperfections”“read these words back to yourself.”再结合空后内容可知，阅读描写自己缺点的词会使自己感到沮丧，A项符合语境。]
第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since our twins began learning to walk，my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.The 41 is obvious.If we 42 it is a door，they'll want to go outside 43 ．It will drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the 44 ．But our insisting it's 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids.One day they'll 47 and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48 ．
I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 ．I have a very strong 51 that the lie we're telling is doing 52 damage to our children.Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical(比喻) meanings.I'm telling them they can't open what they absolutely know is a door.What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door，like an opportunity(机会) of some sort，and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity，they just 56 it and wonder，“What if it isn't a door？”That is，“What if it isn't a 57 opportunity？”
Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.But the 58 is that I shouldn't lie to my kids.I should just 59 repeatedly having to say，“No.We can't go outside now.”Then when they come to other doors in life，be they real or metaphorical，they won't 60 to open them and walk through.
语篇类型：夹叙夹议文　主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——作者对谎言产生的恐惧
【语篇解读】　有时为了避开麻烦，我们难免会说谎。可谎言有时也会让人产生恐惧，引发人内心的不安。本文叙述了作者在自己的双胞胎孩子刚学步时，为避免孩子不断地通过滑动玻璃门给其带来麻烦，刻意编造谎言告诉孩子，那是窗户而不是门，而后又后悔对孩子说谎的故事。窗户和门都有重要的比喻意义，作者害怕对孩子说了这样的谎后，当孩子人生中的机会出现时，他们会产生怀疑从而犹豫不前。
41．A.relief B．target
C．reason D．case
C　[根据语境可知，作者说谎的原因(reason)很明显。]
42．A.admit B．believe
C．mean D．realize
A　[结合下文“they'll want to go outside ．It will drive us crazy”可推知，如果作者他们承认(admit)这是门，孩子就会一直(constantly)想出去，这会使他们发疯的。]
43．A.gradually B．constantly
C．temporarily D．casually
B　[参见上题解析。temporarily“暂时地，临时地”；casually“随意地，偶然地”。]
44．A.result B．danger
C．method D．truth
D　[由下文中的“tell the truth”并结合语境可知，此处表示孩子们显然知道真相(truth)。]
45．A.merely B．slightly
C．hardly D．partly
A　[根据语境可知，作者他们坚持说这仅仅是(merely)一个窗户，这已经阻止了孩子们很多次试图(attempt)开门的请求。]
46．A.reviewing B．approving
C．receiving D．attempting
D　[参见上题解析。]
47．A.win out B．give up
C．wake up D．stand out
C　[根据空前一句中的“lying to the kids”和该句中的“discover”可知，有一天，他们会醒悟(wake up)过来，发现他们一直知道的关于窗户的一切都是谎言(lie)。win out“终获成功”；stand out“突出，显眼”。]
48．A.dream B．lie
C．fantasy D．fact
B　[参见上题解析。fantasy“幻想，想象”。]
49．A.parents B．twins
C．colleagues D．teachers
A　[由下文的“our children”的提示可知，此处表示“我在想，无论结果(consequences)如何，父母(parents)是否都应该告知真相”。]
50．A.restrictions B．explanations
C．differences D．consequences
D　[参见上题解析。restriction“限制规定，制约因素”。]
51．A.demand B．fear
C．desire D．doubt
B　[根据下文中的“Maybe it's an unreasonable fear”和语境可知，此处应为“我非常恐惧(fear)”。]
52．A.physical B．biological
C．spiritual D．behavioral
C　[根据下文表述的“窗户和门都有重要的比喻意义，作者害怕对孩子说了这样的谎后，当孩子人生中的机会出现时，他们会产生怀疑从而犹豫不前”可知，此处表示作者害怕自己所说的谎言正在对孩子造成精神上的(spiritual)伤害。biological“生物的，生物学的”。]
53．A.traditional B．important
C．double D．original
B　[根据语境和常识可知，窗户和门都有重要的(important)比喻意义。]
54．A.life B．time
C．reply D．history
A　[根据常识可知，此处表示“倘若他们在以后的人生(life)中，来到一扇就像某种机会的比喻性的门前，他们会怎么样？”。]
55．A.by comparison with B．in addition to
C．regardless of D．instead of
D　[根据下文中的“they just it and wonder，‘What if it isn't a door？’”可知，他们仅仅是盯着(stare at)这扇门在犹豫而不是(instead of)打开门，抓住机会。by comparison with“与……相比”。]
56．A.get hold of B．stare at
C．knock on D．make use of
B　[参见上题解析。]
57．A.real B．typical
C．similar D．limited
A　[根据上文作者把门比作机会可知，“如果这不是一扇门”也就是说“如果这不是一个真正的(real)机会”。]
58．A.safety rule B．comfort zone
C．bottom line D．top secret
C　[根据下文表述的作者应该接受(accept)重复告诉孩子现在不能出去可知，底线(bottom line)是作者不应该向孩子说谎。]
59．A.delay B．regret
C．enjoy D．accept
D　[参见上题解析。]
60．A.hurry B．decide
C．hesitate D．intend
C　[根据语境可知，如果不对孩子说这样的谎，那么当他们来到人生的其他门前时，不管它们是真实的，还是比喻性的，他们会毫不犹豫地打开门走过去。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Chang'e­4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole­Aitken basin.Landing on the moon's far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)，more so 65 the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e­4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole­Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists，”Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，“because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)．”Data about the moon's composition，such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains，could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——科技——“嫦娥四号”无人探测器登月成功
文章大意：　中国是第一个登上月球背面的国家。
61．touched　[考查时态。句中有时间状语last week，故用一般过去时。]
62．extremely　[考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。副词extremely修饰后面的形容词challenging。]
63．where　[考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是spot，后跟定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。]
64．interest　[考查词性转换(形容词变名词)。句中含有“be＋of＋名词”结构，be of particular interest＝be particularly interesting，故填名词interest。]
【知识拓展】　英语中的“be＋of＋名词”结构相当于“be＋形容词”，描述主语的特征或性质。常用于这个结构的名词有benefit，importance，interest，help，use，significance，value等。
65．than　[考查more...than...的用法。本句中含有more，空格后为比较对象，因此本空应填than。]
66．to find　[考查非谓语动词(不定式)。句中的动词不定式短语to find and study areas of the South Pole­Aitken basin作状语，表目的。]
67．means　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文时态可知，本句也应用一般现在时，主语是it，故谓语动词用means。]
68．is constructed　[考查时态和语态。此处表示“月球是如何构成的”，应用被动语态，且此处描述的是客观情况，故填is constructed。construct vt.建造，构建。]
69．much　[考查how much的用法。how much“多少”，修饰不可数名词。]
70．its　[考查代词。此处表示“它的计划”，故用形容词性物主代词its。]
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs，and I thought it must to be easy to cook.My mom told me how to preparing it.First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove.I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.“Not that way，”my mom tried to stop us but failed.She was right.It didn't turn out as I had wished.
【答案】　
Today I tried cooking a dish myself.I like eating tomatoes with eggs，and I thought it must be easy to cook.My mom told me how to it.First I cut the tomatoes into pieces put them aside.Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with .After that I poured oil into a pan and turned the stove.I waited patiently the oil was hot.Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.“Not that way，”my mom tried to stop but failed.She was right.It didn't turn out as I had wished.
第一处：simply改为simple。形容词和副词混用。此处修饰名词dish，故用形容词simple。
【易错点拨】　英语中的形容词通常用在名词之前、系动词之后和宾语之后，分别作定语、表语和宾语补足语，而用副词作状语，修饰形容词、副词或整个句子。
第二处：frying改为fried。非谓语动词误用。过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成或被动，此处表示被炒过的西红柿鸡蛋，故用过去分词作定语。现在分词作定语表示进行或主动。
第三处：删除to。不定式符号多用。情态动词后接动词原形。
第四处：preparing改为prepare。非谓语动词误用。不定式符号后跟动词原形。
第五处：but改为and。连词误用。此处表示动作的先后，是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。
第六处：chopstick改为chopsticks。名词单复数误用。chopstick意为“筷子”，常以复数形式出现。
第七处：off改为on。固定搭配误用。turn off表示“关掉”，此处意思为“打开厨灶”，故用turn on。
第八处：unless改为until或till。连词误用。此处表示“我耐心地等到油热”。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……为止”。
第九处：pan前加the。冠词漏用。此处特指上文提到的平底锅。
第十处：us改为me。人称代词误用。根据上文提到的“I”“my mom”可知，此处表示“我妈妈试图阻止我，但失败了”。
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．短文题目和首句已为你写好。
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us.


【写作思路】　根据试题要求，考生需要写一篇记叙文，记述身边一位值得尊敬和爱戴的人。首先考生需要介绍自己最尊敬和爱戴的人是谁，简单地介绍一下他(她)。然后，陈述为什么他(她)值得尊敬和爱戴。最后，可以对前文进行一个总结，使文章结构严谨。本文的写作重点在“尊敬和爱戴的原因”，考生可围绕这个要点适当拓展，从性格特点、处事风格等方面展开写作。
【参考范文】
There are many respectable people around us.As for me, my English teacher，Ms Li，is the person I respect most.Though she has been teaching English for twenty years，she is still passionate about teaching.She always tries new ways to make her classes lively and interesting.Hardworking and knowledgeable，she is one of the best teachers in our school，winning general praise.She is kind and considerate towards us just like our dear mother. When we encounter problems，we will turn to her for help.She always talks to us patiently and helps us to find a solution.In our eyes，Ms Li is not only our teacher，but also our best friend.So，she is the person I respect most.
A2　2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试·全国 Ⅱ 卷
英　语
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a supermarket. B．In the post office.
C．In the street.
2．What did Carl do?
A．He designed a medal. B．He fixed a TV set.
C．He took a test.
3．What does the man do?
A．He's a tailor. B．He's a waiter.
C．He's a shop assistant.
4．When will the flight arrive?
A．At 18：20. B．At 18：35.
C．At 18：50.
5．How can the man improve his article?
A．By deleting unnecessary words.
B．By adding a couple of points.
C．By correcting grammar mistakes.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does Bill often do on Friday night?
A．Visit his parents. B．Go to the movies.
C．Walk along Broadway.
7．Who watches musical plays most often?
A．Bill. B．Sarah.
C．Bill's parents.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Why does David want to speak to Mike?
A．To invite him to a party.
B．To discuss a schedule.
C．To call off a meeting.
9．What do we know about the speakers?
A．They are colleagues.
B．They are close friends.
C．They've never met before.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What kind of camera does the man want?
A．A TV camera. B．A video camera.
C．A movie camera.
11．Which function is the man most interested in?
A．Underwater filming. B．A large memory.
C．Auto­focus.
12．How much would the man pay for the second camera?
A．950 euros. B．650 euros.
C．470 euros.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Who is Clifford?
A．A little girl. B．The man's pet.
C．A fictional character.
14．Who suggested that Norman paint for children's books?
A．His wife. B．Elizabeth.
C．A publisher.
15．What is Norman's story based on?
A．A book. B．A painting.
C．A young woman.
16．What is it that shocked Norman?
A．His unexpected success.
B．His efforts made in vain.
C．His editor's disagreement.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker?
A．Relatives. B．Strangers.
C．Visitors.
18．Why do people have small talk?
A．To express opinions. B．To avoid arguments.
C．To show friendliness.
19．Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk?
A．Politics. B．Movies.
C．Salaries.
20．What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture?
A．Asking open­ended questions.
B．Feeling free to change topics.
C．Making small talk interesting.
【答案】　1—5　CBACA　6—10　BBCCB
11—15　ACCAB　16—20　ABCBA
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History，Culture & Landscape(景观)．Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history，5 acres of celebrated and award­winning gardens with parkland walk.Owned by the Hasell family since 1679，home to the International Marmalade Festival.Gifts and antiques，plant sales，museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar－29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30－17.00(16.00 in Oct)．
House：11.15－16.00(15.00 in Oct)．
Town：Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open：Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays.10.30－17.00 Summer.10.30－16.00 Winter.
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover，explore and enjoy award­winning Tullie House，where historic collections，contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery.There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun，so there's something for everyone!
Open：High Season 1 Apr－31 Oct：Mon to Sat 10.00－17.00，Sun 11.00－17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov－31 Mar：Mon to Sat 10.00－16.30，Sun 12.00－16.30.
Town：Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home.Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage，walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum.Visit the shop and relax in the café.Exhibitions，events and family activities throughout the year.
Open：Daily，09.30－17.30(last admission 17.00)．
Town：Grasmere
语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——广告——湖区景点指南
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了几个湖区景点，包括其营业时间及地点等。
21．When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?
A．09.30－17.30. B．10.30－16.00.
C．11.15－16.00. D．12.00－16.30.
C　[细节理解题。根据Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens部分的信息“House：11.15－16.00(15.00 in Oct)”可知答案。故选C。]
22．What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A．Enjoy Romney's works.
B．Have some interactive fun.
C．Attend a famous festival.
D．Learn the history of a family.
A　[细节理解题。根据Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum部分的信息“The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.”可知，游客可以在此处欣赏Romney的作品。故选A。]
23．Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth's life?
A．Penrith. B．Kendal.
C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.
D　[细节理解题。根据Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum部分的信息“Town：Grasmere”可知，如果游客想了解Wordsworth的生活可以去Grasmere。故选D。]
B
Some parents will buy any high­tech toy if they think it will help their child，but researchers said puzzles help children with math­related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine，an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago，found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents' income，education and the amount of parent talk，Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child­parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not，on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转) and translate shapes，”Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would，and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time.Higher­income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently，and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.However，boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls，and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——科学探索——智力游戏对儿童的影响力
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了接触智力游戏有助于孩子发展与数学相关的技能，特别是孩子的空间技能。
24．In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
A．Building confidence.
B．Developing spatial skills.
C．Learning self­control.
D．Gaining high­tech knowledge.
B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Psychologist Susan Levine...found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.” 以及第三段内容可知，孩子们通过玩智力游戏可以培养空间技能。故选B。]
25．What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment?
A．Parents' age.
B．Children's imagination.
C．Parents' education.
D．Child­parent relationship.
C　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition (认知) after controlling for differences in parents' income，education and the amount of parent talk，Levine said.”可知，Levine 在设计实验时，考虑到了父母的收入、教育程度以及与孩子说话的多少。故选C。]
26．How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play?
A．They play with puzzles more often.
B．They tend to talk less during the game.
C．They prefer to use more spatial language.
D．They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
D　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“However，boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls...”可知，男孩较女孩而言，倾向于玩更复杂的智力游戏。故选D。]
27．What is the text mainly about?
A．A mathematical method.
B．A scientific study.
C．A woman psychologist.
D．A teaching program.
B　[主旨大意题。阅读全文内容尤其是最后一段“The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.”可知，该篇文章主要介绍的是一项科学研究。故选B。]
C
When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list，fur probably didn't cross your mind.But some ecologists and fashion(时装) enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠)．
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.“It sounds crazy to talk about guilt­free fur—unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year，”says Cree McCree，project director of Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail.Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.“The ecosystem down there can't handle this non­native species(物种)．It's destroying the environment.It's them or us，”says Michael Massimi，an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat­sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana.He says it's not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green，but he has no doubt about it.Hunters bring in more than 300，000 nutria tails a year，so part of Mouton's job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there's Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions.Model Paige Morgan says，“To give people a guilt­free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them—I think that's going to be a massive thing，at least here in New York.”Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable.She's trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco­friendly.
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——海狸鼠的皮毛
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了海狸鼠破坏了生态系统，穿海狸鼠皮毛制成的衣服并不会对环境造成威胁，而且人们也不会有负罪感。
28．What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?
A．To promote guilt­free fur.
B．To expand the fashion market.
C．To introduce a new brand.
D．To celebrate a winter holiday.
A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur”“It sounds crazy to talk about guilt­free fur...every year”可知，时装秀的意图是推销无罪恶感的毛皮衣服。故选A。]
[干扰项分析] B项意为“扩大时装市场”；C项意为“介绍一种新品牌”；D项意为“庆祝寒假”。B、C、D三项文章中均没有提及。
29．Why are scientists concerned about nutria?
A．Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.
B．Nutria are an endangered species.
C．Nutria hurt local cat­sized animals.
D．Nutria are illegally hunted.
A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”以及第四段中的“The ecosystem...It's destroying the environment.” 可知，因为海狸鼠破坏湿地进而破坏了环境，所以科学家对它们很担心。故选A。]
30．What does the underlined word“collapsed”in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．Boomed. B．Became mature.
C．Remained stable. D．Crashed.
D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades”可知，几十年来，毛皮贸易使海狸鼠(的数量)处于控制之下。根据画线词后的“the cat­sized animals multiplied like crazy.”可知，这种猫大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。由此可推知，20世纪80年代末海狸鼠市场瘫痪了。collapse的意思应是“崩溃”，故选D。]
31．What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?
A．It's formal. B．It's risky.
C．It's harmful. D．It's traditional.
B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To give people a guilt­free option...a massive thing，at least here in New York.”可知，在纽约，穿毛皮衣服具有风险性。故选B。]
D
I have a special place in my heart for libraries.I have for as long as I can remember.I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties，I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old.It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother，the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life.I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment.It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library，where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read，using different voices，as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it！It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.
Now，I see my children taking their children to the library and I love it that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.
As a novelist，I've found a new relationship with libraries.I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book.I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers，a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book.Libraries，in their own way，help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.Encourage readers to use the library.Share library announcements on your social media.Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习——对图书馆的热爱
【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述作者对图书馆的热爱。
32．Which word best describes the author's relationship with books as a child?
A．Cooperative. B．Uneasy.
C．Inseparable. D．Casual.
C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child...through the books”可推知，小时候，作者与书形影不离。inseparable不可分割的，不可分离的。故选C。]
33．What does the underlined phrase“an added meaning”in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Pleasure from working in the library.
B．Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C．Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D．A closer bond developed with the readers.
B　[推理判断题。根据画线词组前的“As I grew older...the library took on a new place”及下文的“I had several children...to read to them.”可知，随着作者年龄的增长，她成为母亲，图书馆在她心里有了新的“地位”，书成了她和孩子们娱乐的主要来源。对他们来说，去图书馆读书是件令人激动的事情。故an added meaning应是指“在作者家中传递的读书的乐趣”。故选B。]
34．What does the author call on other writers to do?
A．Sponsor book fairs.
B．Write for social media.
C．Support libraries.
D．Purchase her novels.
C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.”可知，作者呼吁其他作者支持图书馆。故选C。]
35．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Reading：A Source of Knowledge
B．My Idea about Writing
C．Library：A Haven for the Young
D．My Love of the Library
D　[标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，“library”是本文的线索，作者描述了她从孩童到为人母，以及作为小说家对图书馆的热爱。故D项符合题意。]
第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia，messaging platforms are growing rapidly，with users in the hundreds of millions，both at work and play. 36 ．It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling，keeping intention clear. 37 ，encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office，employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond，and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 38 ．While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually，for those used to working with traditional tools like email，it may feel like a learning curve(曲线)．The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气)．Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? 39 ．Emoji can help communication feel friendlier，and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
40 ，and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome.And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A．Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B．Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C．Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D．The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E．Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F．Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G．An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——社会交往——表情符号与职场交流
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了在工作交流中运用表情符号的好处。
36．D　[空前一句提到“In Asia，messaging platforms are growing rapidly”，D项“The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally”内容上承接上文，且进一步说明了信息收发平台在全球范围内日益风行，D项符合语境，故选D。]
37．A　[上文讲“Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling，keeping intention clear.”，谈到了在书面交流中使用表情符号的好处，故结合选项可知，A项符合语境。]
38．G 　[根据空前的“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond，and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge.”可知，在不同年龄的办公人员之间找到沟通方式上的共同点可能是个挑战，G项则是针对该挑战的解决办法。G项中的“bring all work generations together”即挑战，呼应上文。故选G项。]
39．B　[本段叙述了使用表情符号在缓和语气上的作用，根据空前的“Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？”可知，此处涉及邮件交流中的语气，故选B。]
40．F　[根据空后的“and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome” 可知，空处应该体现“that positive outcome”，也就是F选项中的“a happier workplace”，F选项符合语境，故选F。]
第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was just after sunrise on a June morning.“Nicolo，”whose real name cannot be 41 to the public because of Italy's privacy laws， 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin.As he often did，he stopped by the“after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder.There，among many other things，Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 45 above his dining room table.Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily，he 47 the paintings with him.He hung them above the same table he had 48 from Turin.His son，age 15，who had 49 an art appreciation class，thought that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.It was signed(签名)“Bonnato”or so he thought，but when he 51 it，he only found“Bonnard，”a French 52 he had never heard of.He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting.
“That's the garden in our picture，”Nicolo's son told his father.They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called“The Girl with Two Chairs.”They 57 the other painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin's“Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.”The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry；the official confirmed that the Paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与社会——艺术——绘画代表性作品和人物
【语篇解读】　工人“Nicolo”无意中在意大利警察所经营的拍卖会上得到了两幅画，最后经过鉴定两幅画都是大师的原作，价值不菲。
41．A.attached B．allocated
C．exposed D．submitted
C　[根据下文的“because of Italy's privacy laws”可知主人公的真名是隐私的、不可透露的。attach“系”；allocate“分配”；expose“揭露，暴露”；submit“提交”。]
42．A.finished B．delayed
C．considered D．tried
A　[根据下文的“after work auction(拍卖)”可知他是工作结束后去的拍卖会。]
43．A.attended B．reserved
C．cancelled D．run
D　[根据语境，应该是意大利警察所经营的一个拍卖会。attend“出席，上(学)”；reserve“预订”；cancel“取消”；run“经营，管理”。]
44．A.shown B．found
C．kept D．hidden
B　[根据“ by the Italian police”可推断，拍卖的东西应是在火车上找到的。]
45．A.nice B．familiar
C．useful D．real
A　[根据语境及常识可知，画挂在餐桌上方起美观的作用。]
46．A.battled B．debated
C．discussed D．bargained
A　[根据下文的“Nicolo finally won the paintings”可知Nicolo和另外一个竞标者是在竞争。battle“竞争”；debate“辩论”；bargain“讨价还价”。]
47．A.held B．left
C．registered D．brought
D　[根据“When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily”以及下文的“He hung them above the same table he had from Turin”可推测，Nicolo把两幅画和那张餐桌都从Turin带到了Sicily。]
48．A.chosen B．received
C．ordered D．moved
D　[参见上题解析。]
49．A.missed B．failed
C．taken D．led
C　[他的儿子上过艺术鉴赏课。take“学习，修(课程)”。]
50．A.concrete B．unusual
C．unappealing D．natural
B　[根据“His son，age 15，who had an art appreciation class”可知他的儿子上过艺术鉴赏课，觉得这幅画不同寻常。]
51．A.appreciated B．touched
C．researched D．witnessed
C　[根据上文的“It was signed (签名)‘Bonnato’or so he thought”可知Nicolo的儿子应该是去查了这个签名，但是查到的只有“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。appreciate“欣赏，感激”；touch“触摸，接触”；research“调查”；witness“见证，目击”。]
52．A.painter B．designer
C．author D．actor
A　[参见上题解析。]
53．A.expected B．surprised
C．anxious D．ready
B　[根据“He bought a book and was to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his father's painting”及“That's the garden in our picture”可推测Nicolo的儿子买的一本书中Pierre Bonnard的图片中的椅子和花园跟Nicolo得到的画中的一模一样，这应该是让人惊讶的。]
54．A.room B．kitchen
C．hall D．garden
D　[参见上题解析。]
55．A.apparently B．confidently
C．eventually D．temporarily
C　[根据语境可知，Nicolo父子最终(eventually)知道了画的名字。apparently“明显的”；temporarily“暂时的”。]
56．A.owned B．borrowed
C．sold D．stole
A　[根据语境可知，应该是他们拥有的画。]
57．A.collected B．cleaned
C．framed D．studied
D　[根据语境可知，他们调查了第一幅画和它的作者之后，又去研究另外一幅画。frame“给(图画或照片)配框”。]
58．A.suitably B．actually
C．rightly D．specifically
B　[根据语境可知，他们研究了另外一幅画，得知这幅画实际上是Paul Gauguin的作品。]
59．A.girl B．artist
C．family D．police
C　[根据下文信息可知，应该是父子俩打电话去意大利文化部求证画的真伪。只有family可以指代文中出现的父子俩。]
60．A.copies B．originals
C．models D．presents
B　[根据“the official confirmed”可知官方证实这两幅画都是真迹。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Decorating with Plants，Fruits and
Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.This is why decorating with plants，fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance.They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country：
Oranges：Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.They make great gifts and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo：Chinese love their“Lucky Bamboo”plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 66 (certain) during the holiday period，this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67 health，abundance and a happy home.They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅花)：The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink­colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化)．They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——中国传统文化——用植物、水果和鲜花来做新年装饰，代表美好寓意
【语篇解读】　文章讲述了中国人在庆祝春节时用植物、水果和鲜花来做装饰以及它们所代表的美好寓意。
61．celebration　[考查词性转换(动词变名词)。不定冠词a后面接可数名词单数，所以填celebration。]
62．carries　[考查时态和主谓一致。在why引导的表语从句中，动名词短语decorating...flowers作主语，谓语动词用单数，并且此处讲的是客观事实，用一般现在时，所以填carries。]
63．coming　[考查非谓语动词。the earth和come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以填coming。]
64．than　[考查固定搭配。more than为固定搭配，在这里表示“不仅仅”，所以填than。]
65．decorated　[考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文的Orange trees，和decorate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词的­ed形式作宾语补足语，所以填decorated。]
66．Certainly　[考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。此处修饰整个句子，且位于句首，所以填Certainly。]
67．with　[考查固定搭配。be associated with...是固定搭配，表示“与……有关”。]
68．to care 　[考查固定句式。此处考查“be＋adj.＋to do”结构。注意此处用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。]
69．beautiful　[考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。空处和空后的long共同修饰名词branches，所以填beautiful。]
70．the　[考查冠词。序数词前加定冠词the，表示“第几个”。]
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下信件内容。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Thank you for your letter，what really made me happy.I'm glad to know that you've come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.I'm surely you'll have a good time.Actually，I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old，for I have long been out of practice.Luckily，I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.Then I can spare some time to learn it again，such that we can practice together on every day.Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.See you sooner.
【答案】　
Thank you for your letter, really made me happy.I'm glad to know that you've come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.I'm you'll have a good time.Actually，I to learn kung fu when I was seven years old， I have long been out of practice.Luckily，I will go home in two weeks for summer .Then I can spare some time to learn it again， that we can practice together every day.Best of luck with learning kung fu in China.See you .
第一处：what改为which。关系代词误用。在非限制性定语从句中，指代前面的事物，且在从句中作主语，关系代词只能用which。
第二处：come后加to。固定搭配误用。come to＋地点名词，表示“来到某处”。
第三处：surely改为sure。形容词和副词混用。根据句中的“I'm”可知，此处应用形容词。
第四处：start改为started。时态误用。根据时间状语“when I was seven years old”可知，此处应用一般过去时。
第五处：for改为but/yet。连词误用。根据句意可知，前后两句是转折关系。
第六处：vacations改为vacation。名词单复数误用。summer vacation“暑假”，是单数概念。
第七处：such改为so。连词误用。so that“(引出结果)因此，所以”，在此处引导结果状语从句。
第八处：删除every day前的on。介词多用。every day“每天”，副词短语作时间状语，前面不使用介词。
第九处：yours改为your/you。代词误用。动名词前面通常使用形容词性物主代词或者代词的宾格作它的逻辑主语。
第十处：sooner改为soon。副词比较级误用。根据句意可知，此处无比较含义，故应用副词的原级。
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：
1．农场情况；
2．采摘过程；
3．个人感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．题目已为你写好。
题目：My Weekend



【写作思路】

【参考范文】
My Weekend
Last week，I took part in a farm picking activity together with my classmates.
There are many kinds of fruit trees and green fresh vegetables on the farm，which is located at the foot of the hill near our school.We began picking fruits in two groups，one picking fruits and the other carefully putting them into a big box.Bathed in the sunshine，we sang and laughed，enjoying being close to nature.
What a wonderful and meaningful day we had! Through the picking activity，not only did we gain relaxation but also we became aware of the significance of work.
A3　2020年普通高等学校招生　全国统一考试·全国Ⅲ卷
英　语
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15.　　　B．￡9.18.　　　C．￡9.15.
答案是C。
1．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a supermarket.
B．In the post office.
C．In the street.
2．What did Carl do?
A．He designed a medal.
B．He fixed a TV set.
C．He took a test.
3．What does the man do?
A．He's a tailor.
B．He's a waiter.
C．He's a shop assistant.
4. When will the flight arrive?
A．At 18：20. B．At 18：35. C．At 18：50.
5．How can the man improve his article?
A．By deleting unnecessary words.
B．By adding a couple of points.
C．By correcting grammar mistakes.
第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does Bill often do on Friday night?
A．Visit his parents.
B．Go to the movies.
C．Walk along Broadway.
7．Who watches musical plays most often?
A．Bill. B．Sarah. C．Bill's parents.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does David want to speak to Mike?
A．To invite him to a party.
B．To discuss a schedule.
C．To call off a meeting.
9．What do we know about the speakers?
A．They are colleagues.
B．They are close friends.
C．They've never met before.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What kind of camera does the man want?
A．A TV camera.
B．A video camera.
C．A movie camera.
11．Which function is the man most interested in?
A．Underwater filming.
B．A large memory.
C．Auto­focus.
12．How much would the man pay for the second camera?
A．950 euros. B．650 euros. C．470 euros.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Who is Clifford?
A．A little girl.
B．The man's pet.
C．A fictional character.
14．Who suggested that Norman paint for children's books?
A．His wife. B．Elizabeth. C．A publisher.
15．What is Norman's story based on?
A．A book.
B．A painting.
C．A young woman.
16．What is it that shocked Norman?
A．His unexpected success.
B．His efforts made in vain.
C．His editor's disagreement.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker?
A．Relatives. B．Strangers. C．Visitors.
18．Why do people have small talk?
A．To express opinions.
B．To avoid arguments.
C．To show friendliness.
19．Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk?
A．Politics. B．Movies. C．Salaries.
20．What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture?
A．Asking open­ended questions.
B．Feeling free to change topics.
C．Making small talk interesting.
【答案】　1—5　CBACA　6—10　BBCCB
11—15　ACCAB　16—20　ABCBA
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence (13 days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof.Ori Z．Soltes.We will visit some of the best­preserved Roman monuments in the world.Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin.Fields of flowers，tile­roofed (瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain(15 days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent (芳香) of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs.As we travel south from Madrid with Prof.Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Mérida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China's Sacred Landscapes(21 days)
Discover the China of “past ages，” its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof.Robert Thorp.Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples.We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia (17 days)
Join Prof.Pedar Foss on our in­depth Tunisian tour.Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia，Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，unique for underground cities.Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——旅行——和学者们一起开启历史文化之旅
【语篇解读】　游客可以和学者们一起去探索世界各地的历史文化景观，本文介绍了法国普罗旺斯、西班牙南部、中国的神圣景观和突尼斯。
21．What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain?
A．Historical monuments. B．Fields of flowers.
C．Van Gogh's paintings. D．Greek buildings.
A　[细节理解题。根据Classical Provence部分中的“We will visit some of the best­preserved Roman monuments”和Southern Spain部分中的“we explore historical monuments and architecture.”可知，游客在普罗旺斯和西班牙南部都可以看到历史纪念碑，故A项正确。]
22．Which country is Prof.Thorp most knowledgeable about?
A．France. B．Spain.
C．China. D．Tunisia.
C　[细节理解题。根据China's Sacred Landscapes部分中的“Discover the China of‘past ages，’its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof.Robert Thorp.”可知，Thorp教授对中国最有研究，故C项正确。]
23．Which of the following highlights the Tunisian tour?
A．White towns.
B．Underground cities.
C．Tile­roofed villages.
D．Rolling hills.
B　[细节理解题。根据Tunisia部分中的“Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga...unique for underground cities.”可知，突尼斯之行的最精彩的部分在地下城，故B项正确。]
B
When “Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown to the public last month，a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard.But they weren't there to throw red paint on fur­coat­wearing film stars.Instead，one activist，dressed in a full­body monkey suit，had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes(猿)！”
The creative team behind “Apes” used motion­capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals，spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像)．In this case，one of a realistic­looking ape.
Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule.In fact，Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately.One nonprofit organization，which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment，is keeping tabs on more than 2，000 productions this year.Already，a number of films，including “Water for Elephants，” “The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper，” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.
In some cases，it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it's the off­set training and living conditions that are raising concerns.And there are questions about the films made outside the States，which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自然——动物保护——电影行业中动物演员的使用
【语篇解读】　《猩球崛起》电影制作人使用了数字化的猿猴作主演，动物保护者对此深表感激。但是在电影行业中有很多动物演员受到了不公正的对待，这需要引起人们的关注。
24．Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?
A．To see famous film stars.
B．To oppose wearing fur coats.
C．To raise money for animal protection.
D．To express thanks to some filmmakers.
D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Instead，one activist，dressed in a full­body monkey suit，had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers：‘Thanks for not using real apes(猿)！”，可知，动物保护者在Hollywood Boulevard集会是为了向一些电影制片人表示感谢，故D项正确。]
25．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A．The cost of making “Apes.”
B．The creation of digitalized apes.
C．The publicity about “Apes.”
D．The performance of real apes.
B　[段落大意题。根据第二段中的“The creative team behind ‘Apes’ used motion­capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals...records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像)．”可以判断，本段主要介绍了数字化猿猴的创作，故选B。]
26．What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Listing completely.
B．Directing professionally.
C．Promoting successfully.
D．Watching carefully.
D　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“One nonprofit organization，which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment”可知，该非营利性组织旨在监督电影娱乐业对待动物的方式，所以画线短语与monitor(监督)意义最为接近，故D项“密切关注”正确。]
27．What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?
A．They may be badly treated.
B．They should take further training.
C．They could be traded illegally.
D．They would lose popularity.
A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In some cases，it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried；it's the off­set training and living conditions that are raising concerns.”可以推断，动物演员可能受到了不公正的对待，故A项正确。]
C
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独)，more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet，for Nick Bright at least，leads straight to his mother­in­law: she lives on the ground floor，while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three­storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof.They share a front door and a washing machine，but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen，bathroom，bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.Rita cuts in：“We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to live with his mother­in­law.”
And what does Nick think？“From my standpoint，it all seems to work very well.Would I recommend it？Yes，I think I would.”
It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him，but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325，000 in 2001 to 419，000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common.Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home，if they ever left.It is said that about 20% of 25­34­year­olds live with their parents，compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted.In India，particularly outside cities，young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married.
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——社会现象——在英国几世同堂的趋势在上升
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了随着年轻人生活压力的增大以及老年人孤独感的增加，越来越多的英国家庭选择几世同堂，且这已成为一种趋势。
28．Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?
A．Nick. B．Rita.
C．Kathryn. D．The daughters.
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段“Four years ago they all moved into a three­storey Victorian house in Bristol...but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen，bathroom，bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，在布里斯托尔的维多利亚时代的房子里，Rita住在一楼，故选B。]
29．What is Nick's attitude towards sharing the house with his mother­in­law?
A．Positive. B．Carefree.
C．Tolerant. D．Unwilling.
A　[推理判断题。根据第五段中的“From my standpoint，it all seems to work very well.Would I recommend it？Yes，I think I would.”可以判断，Nick对于与岳母住在一起持积极的态度，故选A。carefree无忧无虑的；tolerant宽容的；unwilling不情愿的。]
30．What is the author's statement about multigenerational family based on?
A．Family traditions. B．Financial reports.
C．Published statistics. D．Public opinions.
C　[推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325，000 in 2001 to 419，000 in 2013.”和第七段中的“It is said that about 20% of 25­34­year­olds...about 1.8 million.”可知，作者通过罗列数据来说明几世同堂家庭的情况，故C项“公布的数据”正确。]
31．What is the text mainly about?
A．Lifestyles in different countries.
B．Conflicts between generations.
C．A housing problem in Britain.
D．A rising trend of living in the UK.
D　[主旨大意题。根据全文中心句“With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独)，more families are choosing to live together.”可知，本文主要介绍了近年来英国人选择几世同堂的趋势在上升，故选D。]
D
We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago.As scientists look deeper into our genes(基因)，they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years.People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes.Cattle­raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell，a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food，but to the ocean.A group of sea­dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers.The Bajau，as these people are known，number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia，Malaysia and the Philippines.They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times，they've also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters.“They are simply a stranger to the land，” said Rodney C．Jubilado，a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr.Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines.They made a living as divers，spearfishing or harvesting shellfish.“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，” Dr.Jubilado said.“I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau.She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them.“It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population，” said Dr.Ilardo.She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——研究发现——人类的进化
【语篇解读】　研究发现居住在东南亚的巴瑶族人为了更好地生存，进化成了更好的潜水者。
32．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in Paragraph 1?
A．Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.
B．New knowledge of human evolution.
C．Recent findings of human origin.
D．Significance of food selection.
B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years.”可以推断，作者举例主要是为了告诉读者人类进化的新知识，故选B。]
33．Where do the Bajau build their houses?
A．In valleys. B．Near rivers.
C．On the beach. D．Off the coast.
D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They have traditionally lived on houseboats；in recent times，they've also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters.” 可知，巴瑶族人主要居住在沿海地区，故D项正确。]
34．Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?
A．They could walk on stilts all day.
B．They had a superb way of fishing.
C．They could stay long underwater.
D．They lived on both land and water.
C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders”可知，年轻的Jubilado对巴瑶族人惊讶不已的地方在于他们可以在水下待很长的时间，故选C。]
35．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea
B．Highlanders' Survival Skills
C．Basic Methods of Genetic Research
D．The World's Best Divers
A　[标题归纳题。本文是一篇研究报道，根据第二段的研究结果“a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food，but to the ocean.”可知，本文主要讲述了巴瑶族人为了更好地适应海上的生活，身体结构发生了变化，所以A项适合作本文的标题。]
第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house.The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party.The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores.Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.Even if there isn't a registry，a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with，like a piece of art or a plant.
38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.The host or hostess of the party will，however，probably give all the guests a tour of their new home.Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home，people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40 Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.
A．This isn't usual though.
B．It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C．You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D．If you're lucky enough to receive gifts，keep them in a safe place.
E．It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F．The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G．This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——社会习俗——乔迁聚会
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了乔迁聚会的定义、习俗以及来源。
36．E　[本空是过渡句。结合空前一句“The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.”和空后一句“And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.”可知，空处讲的应是乔迁聚会给人们带来的好处，因此E项符合语境。]
37．B　[本空是段落主题句。结合本段中的“a good housewarming gift...or a plant.”可知，本段主要讲的是带礼物参加乔迁聚会是一个传统，B项符合语境。]
38．C　[本空是过渡句。根据空后一句“This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.”可知，空处讲你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人分享，故C项符合语境。]
39．A　[本空是段尾句。根据空前一句可知，在乔迁聚会上让人们帮忙打开箱子不常见，所以A项符合语境。]
40．G　[本空是过渡句。结合上文中的“bring firewood to a new home as a gift” 和空后一句“Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.”可知，空处应与取暖相关，故G项符合语境。]
第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节　(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a businesswoman，I care deeply about my customers.But like anyone for whom you feel affection， 41 can also drive you mad.They'll come rushing in， 42 their handbag's been stolen.They'll 43 that they left it in the changing room，create havoc (混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time.They'll have out half the 45 in the shop，and want the only style you don't have left in a 46 colour.I do know how upset the shop staff can get，but I try to persuade them to keep 47 ．
I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden.She was 49 absolutely everything，nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular”．After a while，she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning.She had split up with her husband the week before，was living in a flat 52 ，and since she'd found it too much to cope with (应对)，she'd taken it out on 53 people.
That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market.Don't take it 56 ．If a customer is rude or difficult，just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband.Maybe her child's not 57 ．”Always water it down and don't let your ego (自我) get 58 ．If you do，you won't be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone's day.
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通——事必有因，微笑面对
【语篇解读】　作者以自身经商的经历为例向人们传递宽以待人并保持乐观心态的重要性。
41．A.shopkeepers　 B．customers
C．salespersons D．receptionists
B　[根据第一段首句中的“customers”和第二段首句中的“customer”可知答案。shopkeeper“店主”；salesperson“售货员”；receptionist“接待员”。]
42．A.saying B．pretending
C．guessing D．replying
A　[根据“their handbag's been stolen”及语境可知，顾客们冲进来，说他们的手提包被偷了。]
43．A.agree B．promise
C．imagine D．swear
D　[根据语境可知，他们发誓他们把它留在更衣室了。swear“发誓，保证”。]
44．A.forget B．decide
C．discover D．assume
C　[上一句顾客说他们的手提包被盗，此处表示“然后却发现它一直在车上”。]
45．A.foods B．catalogues
C．belongings D．goods
D　[根据空后的shop和语境可知，此处应填goods。catalogue“目录；一连串(糟糕)事”；belongings“财物”。]
46．A.particular B．different
C．matching D．natural
A　[顾客们只想要店里卖完的某一特定颜色的款式。different“不同的”；matching“相同的，相配的”；natural“自然的”。]
47．A.fighting B．smiling
C．waiting D．changing
B　[根据连词but可知，此处填入的词与前一分句中的upset相反，故选B。]
48．A.generous B．polite
C．careless D．difficult
D　[根据下文中的“She was...nothing was right”可知这个顾客很难缠。difficult“难以取悦的”符合语境。]
49．A.curious about B．displeased with
C．patient with D．uncertain about
B　[根据下文中的“nothing was right”可知，她对一切都不满意。be displeased with“对……不满意”。]
50．A.relaxed B．delighted
C．surprised D．embarrassed
C　[根据上文可知顾客对一切都不满意，但后来却成了常客，所以我对此很惊讶。]
51．A.searched B．argued
C．prayed D．apologized
D　[根据下文可知，事后她因刚开始的行为而向我道歉。apologize“道歉”。]
52．A.by chance B．by herself
C．on purpose D．on duty
B　[由于和丈夫分开了，所以她独自一人住在公寓。by chance“碰巧，偶然”；on purpose“故意”；on duty“值班”。]
53．A.rude B．such
C．other D．lonely
C　[因为她发现要应对很多问题，便将情绪发泄给他人。take sth.out on sb.“拿某人出气”。]
54．A.lesson B．trick
C．skill D．trade
A　[这是我学到的宝贵的一课(lesson)。]
55．A.work B．shop
C．meet D．quarrel
A　[我把这一经验传给在市场工作的人们。]
56．A.kindly B．secretly
C．personally D．casually
C　[take sth.personally“认为某人的言行针对自己而不快”。]
57．A.ready B．away
C．up D．well
D　[本句与前一句构成并列关系，是使顾客不好相处的一个原因，结合选项可知此处是说“可能她的孩子不舒服”。]
58．A.out of sight B．in the way
C．behind the scene D．above the law
B　[总是缓和语气，不要让自我妨碍你。out of sight“看不见”；behind the scene“秘密地，在幕后”；above the law“凌驾于法律之上”。]
59．A.stress B．expect
C．handle D．blame
C　[如果这样，你就会难以应对，整件事就会发展为令人不愉快的情形，同时也会毁了每个人的一天。]
60．A.ruins B．makes
C．starts D．saves
A　[解析见上题。ruin“毁坏，毁掉”。]
第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient China lived an artist 61. paintings were almost lifelike.The artist's reputation had made him proud.One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62. (fine) work，so that he could choose the best.The artist was sure he would 63.
(choose)，but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister，the old man laughed.The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 64. (curious)，the artist packed his bags and left.65.
he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist，they smiled and 66. (point) down the river.The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67. (find) the well­known painter.As the small boat moved 68. (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue.And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69. (surround) the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears.The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70. earth，Mother Nature.
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自然——自然生态——中国悠久文化艺术与自然的和谐统一
文章大意：　本文讲述了一位中国古代画家寻找最伟大的艺术大师“自然母亲”的故事。
61．whose　[考查定语从句的引导词。本句主句为倒装句，主语an artist为先行词，后接一个定语从句，空处与其后名词paintings之间构成所属关系，故用whose。]
62．finest　[考查形容词的最高级。根据句意可知，皇帝命令所有知名画家献上他们最好的作品。]
63．be chosen　[考查动词语态。这位画家确信自己肯定会被选中。]
64．curiosity　[考查词性转换(形容词变名词)。介词with后应使用名词。]
65．When/As　[考查连词。When/As在句中表示“当……时”。]
66．pointed　[考查动词时态。空处与smiled构成并列谓语，故用一般过去时。]
67．to find　[考查非谓语动词。set out to do sth.(怀着目标)开始做某事。]
68．gently　[考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。修饰动词moved应使用副词。]
【知识拓展】　形容词变副词的常见规则：
①通常在形容词后直接加­ly。例：cheap(cheaply)，bright(brightly)。
②形容词以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，变y为i，再加­ly。例：heavy(heavily)，lucky(luckily)。
③以­e结尾的形容词变副词，通常直接加­ly；但以­le结尾的形容词变副词时，通常只需将词尾的e变为y即可。例：huge(hugely)，fortunate (fortunately)；simple(simply)，gentle(gently)，terrible(terribly)。
④特例：true(truly)。
69．surrounding　[考查非谓语动词。surrounding the mountain tops作后置定语修饰clouds。]
70．on　[考查固定搭配。on earth世上。]
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families.In order to make surely all of us are in good health，and she makes specific plans for us.For example，every morning，my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple.My dad don't like the soup and I don't enjoy apples.I tell my mom that if we're forced eat things，we may become ill.But he insists on us eating healthy food.Understanding her good intentions，I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
【答案】　
My mom is really with the health of everyone in our .In order to make all of us are in good health， she makes specific plans for us.For example，every morning，my dad has to have bowl of egg soup while I to eat an apple.My dad like the soup and I don't enjoy apples.I tell my mom that if we're forced eat things，we may become ill.But insists on us eating healthy food.Understanding her good intentions，I eat all the food is provided by Mom with appreciation.
第一处：concerning 改为concerned。形容词误用。此处表示主语(My mom)的状态，应使用­ed形容词，表示“关心的，关切的”。
第二处：families改为family。名词单复数误用。family表示整体时，多作单数看待；指多个家庭成员时，多作复数看待。此处指我和父母的家，故看作一个整体。
第三处：surely改为sure。搭配错误。make sure为固定搭配，表示“确保”。
第四处：删除and。连词多用。逗号前为状语，逗号后为主句，两者之间不用and连接。
第五处：the改为a。冠词误用。这里泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，故用不定冠词。
第六处：had改为have。时态误用。全文中心时态为一般现在时。
第七处：don't改为doesn't。主谓不一致。主语为第三人称单数，此处应用doesn't。
第八处：eat前加to。不定式符号漏用。be forced to do sth.“被迫做某事”。
第九处：he改为she。代词误用。此处指代my mom，应用she。
第十处：what改为that。关系代词误用。先行词被all，every，any，much，little(少)，few，no等修饰时，关系代词用that。
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：
1．剧情简介；
2．指导内容；
3．商定时间地点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．结束语已为你写好。
Dear Miss Evans，



Looking forward to your early reply.
Best regards!
Yours truly，
Li Hua
【写作思路】

【参考范文】
Dear Miss Evans，
I'm writing to ask for your help with our English short play adapted from our English textbook.
The story starts with a boy named Huckleberry Finn，who ran away from home and lived with his friend Jim, a former slave，on a raft on the Mississippi River.Then Finn was cheated by two men，with his raft stolen and Jim sold to a farm.Finn and his friend Tom Sawyer made a plan to save Jim from the farm.At last they managed to free Jim.
I wonder if you would like to give us some advice.The vocabulary and grammar of the plot need to be adjusted，and we also need your guidance on our performance.If possible，shall we meet you in your office at 10 a．m. tomorrow?
Looking forward to your early reply.Best regards!
Yours truly，
Li Hua
2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
(新高考全国Ⅰ卷)英语
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15.　　B．￡9.18.　　C．￡9.15.
答案是C。
1．Why did the woman go to Mallorca?
A．To teach Spanish.
B．To look for a job.
C．To see a friend.
2．What does the man ask the woman to do?
A．Take him to hospital.
B．Go to a class with him.
C．Submit a report for him.
3．Who will look after the children?
A．Jennifer. B．Suzy. C．Marie.
4．What are the speakers going to do?
A．Drive home.
B．Go shopping.
C．Eat out.
5．What are the speakers talking about?
A．How to fry fish.
B．How to make coffee.
C．How to remove a bad smell.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When does Gomez watch a football game on TV?
A．When he fails to get a ticket.
B．When the stadium is crowded.
C．When his friends are too busy.
7．How much did Gomez pay for the football game last time?
A．$20. B．$25. C．$50.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What did Alex do in the afternoon?
A．He had a walk.
B．He went hunting.
C．He planted trees.
9．What did Alex bring back?
A．Flowers. B．Leaves. C．Books.
10．What was Bob doing when Alex saw him?
A．Fishing.
B．Taking pictures.
C．Swimming.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What did David do on his most recent holiday?
A．He had a boat trip.
B．He took a balloon flight.
C．He climbed a mountain.
12．What is on David's list?
A．Gifts he needed to buy.
B．Things he wished to do.
C．Dates he had to remember.
13．Where does the woman suggest David go for his next holiday?
A．Australia. B．California. C．The Amazon.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．Why did Sarah make the phone call?
A．To ask a favor.
B．To pass on a message.
C．To make an appointment.
15．Where is Sarah now?
A．In Brighton.
B．At her home.
C．At the Shelton Hotel.
16．What time is Michael leaving his place tomorrow morning?
A．At 7：40. B．At 8：00. C．At 8：20.
17．What is the probable relationship between John and Sarah?
A．Neighbors.
B．Fellow workers.
C．Husband and wife.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What do most people think is very important in spoken communication?
A．Pronunciation.
B．Vocabulary.
C．Grammar.
19．Why should you listen to experts according to the speaker?
A．To develop your reading fluency.
B．To improve your note­taking skills.
C．To find out your mispronunciations.
20．What is the speaker's last suggestion?
A．Spell out the difficult words.
B．Check the words in a dictionary.
C．Practice reading the words aloud.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社).The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location(位置)with security and comfort.
Yellow_Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel.It's one of the best­rated hostels in the city, and for good reason.It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy.As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.
Hostel_Alessandro_Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome.Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun.Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests，like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke.There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth_Station_Hostel
If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station.It offers beautiful furnishings and beds.There are plenty of other benefits, too：it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi­Fi in every room.
Hotel_and_Hostel_Des_Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10­minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions.The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some.However, you have to pay 2 euros a day for Wi­Fi.
21．What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?
A．Comfort.　　　 B．Security.
C．Price. D．Location.
22．Which hostel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A．Yellow Hostel.
B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel.
D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?
A．It gets noisy at night.
B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi­Fi.
D．It's inconveniently located.
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了罗马的几个价格优惠、安全舒适的旅社。
21．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Rome can be pricey for travelers，which is why many choose to stay in a hostel.”可知，选择住在旅社的游客可能最担心的是价格。故选C项。]
22．B　[细节理解题。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace部分的第一句“If you love social hostels，this is the best hostel for you in Rome.”可知，Hostel Alessandro Palace这个旅社最适合喜欢活跃的社交生活的人。故选B项。]
23．C　[推理判断题。根据题干中的Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes可查找到文章的最后一部分，根据最后一句“However，you have to pay 2 euros a day for Wi­Fi.”可推知，Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes的缺点是要额外付Wi­Fi的费用。故选C项。]
B
By day, Robert Titterman is a lawyer.In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner.“I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterman is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years.His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job.You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot，” Mr Titterman explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice.Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages.Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong.“I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand，” Mr Titterman said.“Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up­and­coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner，” she laughed.“He's absorbed in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn！’ Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life.”
24．What should Titterman be able to do to be a page turner?
A．Read music.
B．Play the piano.
C．Sing songs.
D．Fix the instruments.
25．Which of the following best describes Titterman's job on stage?
A．Boring. B．Well­paid.
C．Demanding. D．Dangerous.
26．What does Titterman need to practise?
A．Counting the pages.
B．Recognizing the “nodding”．
C．Catching falling objects.
D．Performing in his own style.
27．Why is Ms Raspopova's husband “the worst page turner”？
A．He has very poor eyesight.
B．He ignores the audience.
C．He has no interest in music.
D．He forgets to do his job.
【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了律师Robert Titterman在业余时间做钢琴师Maria Raspopova的乐谱翻页者的经历。
24．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“I'm not a trained musician，but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”可知，想做钢琴师的乐谱翻页者需要识谱。故选A项。]
25．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“A lot of skills are needed for the job.You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot”可推知，乐谱翻页者的工作需要很多技巧，要求很高。故选C项。]
26．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Silent onstage communication is key，and each pianist has their own style of ‘nodding’ to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.”可知，无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有他们自己的“点头”风格来暗示需要翻页，他们需要同他们的翻页者一起练习。所以Titterton需要练习及时识别钢琴师的点头翻页示意。故选B项。]
27．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He's absorbed in the music，feeling every note，and I have to say：‘Turn，turn！’”可知，她的丈夫太专注于音乐了，还需要她去提醒翻页，所以推断出他总是忘记自己的翻页工作。故选D项。]
C
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.Millions of waterfowl(水禽)were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever­increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地).
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的)waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J．N.“Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
28．What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?
A．Loss of wetlands.
B．Popularity of water sports.
C．Pollution of rivers.
D．Arrival of other wild animals.
29．What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A．Acquire. B．Export.
C．Destroy. D．Distribute.
30．What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?
A．The stamp price has gone down.
B．The migratory birds have flown away.
C．The hunters have stopped hunting.
D．The government has collected money.
31．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Federal Duck Stamp Story
B．The National Wildlife Refuge System
C．The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D．The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了美国的联邦鸭票计划的由来和它的意义。该计划启动于1934年，其收入用来保护美国数百万英亩沼泽湿地中的水禽，并要求所有年满16岁的水禽狩猎者必须购买美国鸭票。
28．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever­increasing populations，greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.”可知，数百万英亩的湿地的流失导致了水禽数量不断减少。故选A项。]
29．C　[词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句的上文可知，探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时，北美洲有着多种多样的野生动物。由画线单词所在的句子“Unfortunately，it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.”可知，此处讲述的是不幸的事情，并与上文存在转折关系。故此处表达的是，这些探险者和定居者只用了几十年的时间就摧毁了这些资源的大部分。分析选项可知，decimate与destroy的含义相近，故选C项。]
30．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat...”可推知，1934年颁布的法案的直接结果是政府筹集到了保护野生动物的资金。故选D项。]
31．A　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国联邦的鸭票计划的由来和它的意义。所以本文是围绕The Federal Duck Stamp来展开文章内容的，故最佳标题应为A项The Federal Duck Stamp Story(联邦鸭票的故事)。]
D
Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的)intelligence.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's make­up that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills”．Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill­based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis(重视)on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well­being.The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re­evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.It is our hope that in coming decades，advances in science will offer new perspectives(视角)from which to study how people manage their lives.Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
32．What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?
A．It can be measured by an IQ test.
B．It helps to exercise a person's mind.
C．It includes a set of emotional skills.
D．It refers to a person's positive qualities.
33．Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?
A．To explain a rule.
B．To clarify a concept.
C．To present a fact.
D．To make a prediction.
34．What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?
A．Favorable. B．Intolerant.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
35．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?
A．Its appeal to the public.
B．Expectations for future studies.
C．Its practical application.
D．Scientists with new perspectives.
【语篇解读】　情商这一概念的普及改变了它原本在人们心中的定义，许多人都误认为情商包含一个人的性格、动力、信心、心理稳定性、乐观主义和“为人处事能力”等几乎除了智商外的一切合意的天性。研究表明，情感技能可能有助于培养部分这类品质，但其中大部分品质远不止基于情商。本文主要介绍了情商普及的意义和对未来情商研究的希望。
32．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's make­up that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and ‘people skills’．”可知，许多人将情商误解为一个人的性格、动力、信心、心理稳定性、乐观主义和“为人处事能力”等几乎一切无法通过智商测试衡量的合意的天性。此句中的everything desirable与D项中的positive qualities是同义转换。故选D项。]
33．B　[推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.”可知，作者提到医生和骗子的目的是阐明情商这一概念——它是一套特定的技能，可被用在做好事上，也能被用于不好的目的。故选B项。]
34．A　[观点态度题。根据第三段第一句“Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support，the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.”可知，作者认为，尽管关于情商的流行观点远远超过了研究所能合理支持的范畴，但普及的总体效果一直是利大于弊的。由此可推知，作者支持情商的普及。故选A项。]
35．B　[段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句中的“...we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.”可知，本段主要谈论了对未来情商研究方向的期望。故选B项。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.　36　 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth­floor apartment the size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though.Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管)worked.　37　 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said，“Ouverture des portes，”in perfect French.That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.　38　 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
　39　 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency(效率).You can tell this by café life.French cafés are always crowded.　40　 When do these people work? The French take their 35­hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
【语篇解读】　本文讲述了作者和丈夫在巴黎一周的生活情况，以及对巴黎人生活风貌的所见所感。
36．F　[根据空后的“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth­floor apartment the size of a cupboard.”可知，作者在巴黎做的第一件事就是租了一间位于六楼的小公寓。据此可以判断，空处应说明作者这样做的目的，即看自己是否能像一个巴黎人一样生活。故F项正确。]
37．C　[根据设空处上句“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment，the plumbing worked.”可知，与普通的巴黎公寓不同，这个公寓的管道畅通。据此可以判断，空处应描述作者所租赁的公寓的情况。空后的“Our building even had a tiny lift...”也印证了这一点。故C项正确。]
38．G　[根据上文“As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago，they eat great food and never gain weight.”和下文的描述可知，空处承上启下，既要说明法国人吃得少的原因，又要和下文提到的美味的法国草莓有逻辑上的衔接。分析选项可知，G项与上句构成解释说明关系，与下句构成举例关系，故G项为正确答案。]
39．E　[根据空处所在的位置可知，该空很可能是本段的主旨句。分析空后内容可知，该段主要讲述的是法国人吃得少的另一个原因，即水果价格昂贵。分析选项可知，E项符合该处语境，且该项中的that指代上文论述过的原因，故为正确答案。]
40．A　[根据空处上句可知，法国的咖啡店里经常挤满了顾客。由空后两句的内容可知，空后一句中的these people指的是一些法国人，再结合该段的主题——法国人相较于效率更在意生活品质可知，空处应是说咖啡店里的顾客并不全是游客，里面有法国当地人。故A项为正确答案。]
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My life as a tax­paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time，　41　 little bunny(兔子)cakes for all its 　42　 throughout Cleveland.It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 　43　 help during our spring break, for which I had no 　44　 beyond listening to my favorite records.I'd 　45　 minimum wage.I'd see how a factory 　46　．My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their 　47　．
Our 　48　 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt.Attach icing(糖霜)ears.Apply icing eyes and nose. 　49　 bunny from the belt.This was 　50　 than it sounds.　51　 a bit and the cakes pile up.As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high­pressure than I'd 　52　．
Dad 　53　．The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 　54　 food in Bernardsville, New Jersey.This was the sort of work that made you 　55　 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41．A.sold B．ordered
C．made D．reserved
42．A.stores B．families
C．schools D．citizens
43．A.generous B．financial
C．technical D．temporary
44．A.plans B．problems
C．excuses D．hobbies
45．A.offer B．earn
C．set D．suggest
46．A.worked B．closed
C．developed D．survived
47．A.ambition B．permission
C．experience D．invitation
48．A.joys B．ideas
C．roles D．choices
49．A.Save B．Keep
C．Stop D．Remove
50．A.harder B．better
C．longer D．cheaper
51．A.Calm down B．Slow down
C．Stay on D．Move on
52．A.indicated B．witnessed
C．expected D．remembered
53．A.cried B．smiled
C．hesitated D．refused
54．A.tasting B．finding
C．sharing D．delivering
55．A.withdraw B．donate
C．receive D．appreciate
【语篇解读】　本文讲述了中学时“我”在烘焙工厂工作的经历。第一次成为纳税人的“我”体会到这份工作的压力比“我”想象中的要大，父亲说这样的工作会让“我”懂得要珍惜挣到的每一分钱并尊重从事劳动工作的人。
41．C　[考查动词。根据上文的“I worked in a baking factory.”可知，烘焙工厂自然应该“制作”蛋糕。C项意为“制作”。故C项正确。]
42．A　[考查名词。根据本句的逻辑关系来理解，its的逻辑主语Hough Bakeries是一家烘焙工厂的名字，根据常识可知，烘焙工厂要向它的门店供货。A项意为“商店”，故A项正确。]
43．D　[考查形容词。根据该句中的“during our spring break”可知，这家烘焙工厂需要的只是假期临时工。D项意为“临时的”，故D项正确。]
44．A　[考查名词。根据空前的for which可知，which指代的应该是our spring break。所以空处所在句是说春假期间“我”除了听“我”最喜欢的唱片外没有别的“计划”。故A项正确。]
45．B　[考查动词。根据第一段可知，“我”最终在这家烘焙工厂工作了。结合该句中的minimum wage可知，“我”会挣最低的工资。故B项正确。]
46．A　[考查动词。下文一系列的描写性语言如“Place cakes on a moving belt...”正是对一家工厂的日常运作情况的描写，故此处表示“我”会看到一家工厂是如何工作的。A项意为“工作”，故A项正确。]
47．B　[考查名词。根据该句中的“My parents thought all of this was a grand idea...”可知，“我”的父母认为这是个好主意，于是“准许”了并给“我”朋友的父亲打了电话。B项意为“准许”，故B项正确。]
48．C　[考查名词。根据空处所在句中的“...in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt.”以及下文一系列对动作的描写可知，此处表示“我们”在工厂的角色很简单。C项意为“角色”，故C项正确。]
49．D　[考查动词。根据上文中的“Place cakes on a moving belt.”可知，此处表达的意思与其相呼应，表示把蛋糕从传送带上“取下来”。D项意为“移开，取走”，故D项正确。]
50．A　[考查形容词比较级。根据本段最后一句中的“...it was all a little more high­pressure than...”可以判断，工厂实际的工作强度比“我”想象中的大。由此可知，空处所在句是说工作要比听上去更难。A项意为“更困难的”，故A项正确。]
51．B　[考查动词短语。根据该句中的“a bit and the cakes pile up”并结合常识可知，工人的动作如果稍微慢下来，蛋糕就会堆积起来。B项意为“慢下来”，故B项正确。]
52．C　[考查动词。根据上文可知，“我”原以为在烘焙工厂的工作会很简单，但其实工作的压力比想象的要大。再结合该句中的“...it was all a little more high­pressure than...”可以判断，C项符合语境，意为“预计，预料”。]
53．B　[考查动词。根据下句中的“The son of a grocer，he'd spent the summers of his childhood”可知，“我”父亲儿时也曾经在暑期打工。他对这种工作深有体会，所以在“我”讲述第一天工作的感受时，父亲笑了。B项符合父亲的心境。故B项正确。]
54．D　[考查动词。根据上文的描述可知，“我”父亲也做过暑假工，所以这里说的应是父亲具体做什么工作，D项意为“传送”，符合该处语境。]
55．D　[考查动词。根据该句中的“...respect those who did the work，he told me.”可知，父亲在说这种工作能教会人什么道理，再结合常识可知，此处表示这种工作能让你“珍惜”自己挣到的钱。故D项正确。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”.56.________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out­of­this­world scenes.The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 57.________(human)are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.It will 58.________ (undoubted)help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 59.________(hot)the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is—always leaving us 60.________ (astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps.You can't help wondering how hard it 61.________ (be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place.Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 62.________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63.________ (ache)legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitor's memory.It sure does in 64.________ (I).While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 65.________ must to visit!
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了中华十大名山之一，天下第一奇山——黄山的迷人景色。
56．What　[考查名词性从句。分析句子成分可知，“________is so breathtaking about the experience”是主语从句，空处在从句中作主语，表达“……的东西或事”的意思，且位于句首。故填What。]
57．humans　[考查名词的数。空处是we的同位语，单复数应保持一致，或者由are也可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填humans。]
58．undoubtedly　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，修饰动词help，所以用副词形式。故填undoubtedly。]
59．hotter　[考查形容词比较级。此处为“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，意为“越……越……”。故填hotter。]
60．astonished　[考查词性转换。此处为“leave＋宾语＋形容词(作宾补)”结构。空处说明的是宾语us的状态，所以用­ed形式的形容词astonished，意为“感到惊讶的”。]
61．was　[考查时态和主谓一致。由then以及语境可知，这里描述的是“……对当时的人们来说，把那些石头放在正确的位置是多么困难”，所以句子的时态应为一般过去时。又因主语是it，要用第三人称单数，所以用was。]
62．and　[考查连词。空格后的动词offers与前面的动词highlights构成并列关系，所以用and。]
63．aching/achy　[考查非谓语动词/词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处可填一个非谓语动词，逻辑主语legs与所给词为主谓关系，故用现在分词表状态。或者用形容词achy作定语修饰legs。]
64．mine　[考查代词。由上文所说的in the visitor's memory可知，in________对应的是in my memory，空处指的是“我的记忆”，故填mine。]
65．a　[考查冠词。在这里must作可数名词，意为“必须做(或看、买等)的事”；a must在文中指“一个必游之地”，且must的发音是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。]
第四部分　写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
你校英文报Youth正在庆祝创刊十周年。请你写一篇短文投稿， 内容包括：
1．读报的经历；
2．喜爱的栏目；
3．期望和祝福。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Youth and Me
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Youth and Me
Believe it or not，the first time I happened to read the newspaper Youth a couple of months ago，I felt an urge to finish reading it in one breath.From then on，I became one of its keen readers，never missing a single issue of it.While many columns leave a deep impression on me，the column that stands out most is none other than the one where you regularly put articles about foreign cultures and the most efficient ways of learning English.I feel privileged to have been introduced to your newspaper，which definitely contributes a lot to my progress in English study.It's my sincere hope that the newspaper will be more popular among us students.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day.How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed.They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge.They had watched their mother in the kitchen.There was nothing to it.Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last.The alarm rang at 6 a.m.The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen.They decided to boil the porridge first.They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast.Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk.Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture.Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan.Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread.The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds.Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.Jenna panicked.Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly.But the stove was a mess now.Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge.But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain.Jenna made him put his hand in cold water.Then she caught the smell of burning.Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared._____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up._________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
As_the_twins_looked_around_them_in_disappointment,_their_father_appeared.Seeing the mess in the kitchen，he immediately understood what had happened，but he wasn't upset.Instead，he applied some medicine to Jeff's hand，and then set out to help them clean up the mess，throwing away the burnt toast.Next，they began to make breakfast，and by now the twins looked cheerful.Before long，the porridge was ready.Their father instructed them to fry the rest of the bread.Soon，the breakfast was ready，too.
The_twins_carried_the_breakfast_upstairs_and_woke_their_mother_up.Opening her eyes，she couldn't believe that she had seen.Before she could ask any question，their father turned up and told his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her the surprise breakfast，and what trouble they had gone through when making the porridge and toast.Disbelief gave way to excitement and pride.Hugging them in her arms，she said，“Thank you，children.It's such an unforgettable Mother's Day for me.”

全国乙卷2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15.　　B．￡9.18. 　　　C．￡9.15.
[答案]　C
1．What is the man doing?
A．Asking the way.
B．Giving directions.
C．Correcting a mistake.
2．What dress size does the woman want?
A．8. B．10. C．12.
3．What is the woman likely to do?
A．Make a phone call.
B．Handle the problem.
C．Have a rest.
4．Which tour does the man seem to be interested in?
A．The evening tour.
B．The half­day tour.
C．The full­day tour.
5．Where are the speakers?
A．At a canteen.
B．At a clinic.
C．At a bank.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the woman think of the match?
A．Entertaining.
B．Discouraging.
C．Boring.
7．What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon?
A．Watch a game.
B．Play tennis.
C．Go to the cinema.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What does the man advise Mrs.White to do?
A．Go on a diet.
B．Do more exercise.
C．Get enough sleep.
9．Which can be included in Mrs.White's breakfast?
A．Eggs. B．Sausages. C．Porridge.
10．What is the man?
A．A teacher.
B．A physician.
C．A chef.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11．How does Nancy look to Daniel?
A．Confused.
B．Excited.
C．Anxious.
12．Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play?
A．To comfort Nancy.
B．To express his regret.
C．To show his pride.
13．What is Nancy going to do next week?
A．Take a school test.
B．Have a check­up.
C．Go in for a competition.
14．What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy?
A．Rewrite her lines.
B．Drive her to the theatre.
C．Help her with the practice.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．What was Prof.Stone's grandfather afraid of?
A．Leaving his home.
B．Parting from his son.
C．Taking early retirement.
16．What does old age mean to many elderly Americans?
A．Lack of moral support.
B．Loss of self­worth.
C．Change of living habits.
17．What will Prof.Stone talk about next concerning elderly people?
A．Public services they ask for.
B．Health care available to them.
C．Contributions they can make.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What does the speaker's mother want her to be?
A．A confident person.
B．A warm­hearted person.
C．A humorous person.
19．Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood?
A．She often traveled by herself.
B．Her family moved frequently.
C．Her mother was busy working.
20．What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A．Importance of home schooling.
B．Mother­daughter relationship.
C．A role model in her family.
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.In around 80 A．D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50，000 people.However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250，000 people.
These days, safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities(容量)slightly lower.Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
·Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang，D.P.R.Korea.Capacity：150，000.Opened：May 1，1989.
·Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U．S.Capacity：107，601.Opened：October 1, 1927.
·Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S.Capacity：106，572.Opened：September 17, 1960．
·Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U．S.Capacity：104，944.Opened：October 7, 1922.
·Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U．S.Capacity：102，512.Opened：September 24，1927.
21．How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?
A．104，944.　　　　 B．107，601.
C．About 150，000. D．About 250，000.
22．Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?
A．Michigan Stadium. B．Beaver Stadium.
C．Ohio Stadium. D．Kyle Field.
23．What do the listed stadiums have in common?
A．They host big games.
B．They have become tourist attractions.
C．They were built by Americans.
D．They are favored by architects.
【语篇解读】　文章主要介绍了当今世界上最大的几座体育场。
21．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“However，that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus，which accommodated around 250，000 people.”可知，Circus Maximus能容纳大约25万人。]
22．C　[细节理解题。每一家体育场的开放时间：Michigan Stadium—1927年，Beaver Stadium—1960年，Ohio Stadium—1922年，Kyle Field—1927年。由此可知，正确答案为C。]
23．A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“All these stadiums are still functional，still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.”可知，这些体育场仍然开放，并且仍然举办世界体育界最大型的赛事。故选A。]
B
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)?
These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone.In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket.Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%)rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey (调查).Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone.Age is naturally a factor (因素)—only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the make­up of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member.That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).
How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?
24．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?
A．Their target users.
B．Their wide popularity.
C．Their major functions.
D．Their complex design.
25．What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Admit. B．Argue.
C．Remember. D．Remark.
26．What can we say about Baby Boomers?
A．They like smartphone games.
B．They enjoy guessing callers' identity.
C．They keep using landline phones.
D．They are attached to their family.
27．What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?
A．It remains a family necessity.
B．It will fall out of use some day.
C．It may increase daily expenses.
D．It is as important as the gas light.
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了现在几乎每个人都用手机，但还有超过一半的澳大利亚的家庭在使用座机。文章主要阐述了产生这一现象的原因。
24．B　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，该段主要是说，在澳大利亚现在很难找到15岁以上还没有手机的人，而事实上很多小孩子的口袋里都有一部手机。由此可推知，在澳大利亚使用手机的人越来越多，手机在广泛地流行起来。故选B。]
25．A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下文可知，调查显示，在仍然使用座机的澳大利亚人中，有三分之一的人认为座机并不是真的有必要，他们只是把座机看作是一种安全保障。故画线词所在句是说，有三分之一的人承认座机不是必须要有的东西。由此可推断concede意为“承认”，故选A。]
26．C　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“...compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.”和第五段中的“...the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents...”可知，相比之下，在生育高峰期出生的人中，有84%的人可能已经拥有同样的座机号码50年了。显然，他们一直在使用座机。故选C。]
27．B　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，作者用煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶的例子，暗示座机将来有一天可能像它们一样在我们的日常生活中消失。故选B。]
C
You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year.But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re­examine their relationship to single­use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called“Strawpocalypse”，a pair of 10­foot­tall plastic waves, frozen mid­crash.Made of 168，000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach clean­ups，the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源)of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes.Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明)a specific statistic：Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean.For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic”，Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒)from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
28．What are Von Wong's artworks intended for?
A．Beautifying the city he lives in.
B．Introducing eco­friendly products.
C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
D．Reducing garbage on the beach.
29．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B．To explain why they are useful.
C．To voice his views on modern art.
D．To find a substitute for them.
30．What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?
A．Calming. B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Artists' Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C．Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D．Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
【语篇解读】　面对无处不在的海洋塑料污染，尤其是大家每天都在使用的塑料吸管和塑料杯，艺术家Benjamin Von Wong通过其艺术作品“Strawpocalypse”和“Truckload of Plastic”来唤起人们对塑料垃圾的关注。
28．C　[推理判断题。本题询问Von Wong的艺术作品的目的是什么。根据题干中的关键信息Von Wong's artworks找到第一段中的“Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re­examine their relationship to single­use plastic products.(艺术家Benjamin Von Wong想让你知道它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造了巨大的雕塑，使观看者重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)”，由此可推知，Von Wong的艺术作品旨在引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。故选C。]
29．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution，but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight，they cannot be recycled.”可知，塑料吸管最近已经受到了抨击，由于它们体积小并且重量轻，所以不能被回收利用。故选A。]
30．B　[推理判断题。本题询问艺术作品“Truckload of Plastic”对观看者有什么影响。根据第四段的内容可知，在2018年的一件作品中，Von Wong想说明这一明确的统计数据：每60秒，一卡车的塑料就会进入海洋。由此可知，他创作的“Truckload of Plastic”是为了引起观看者的不安与恐慌，进而唤起人们关注塑料垃圾污染问题。故选B。]
31．D　[标题归纳题。艺术家Benjamin Von Wong通过其艺术作品，呼唤人们关注塑料垃圾污染问题，文章详细介绍了他的两件作品：“Strawpocalypse”和“Truckload of Plastic”。由此可知，本文主要讲述的是被转变成雕塑的海洋塑料。故选D。]
D
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often.Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰)in his open office, he said, “That's why I have a membership at the co­working space across the street —so I can focus.”His comment struck me as strange.After all, co­working spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局).But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝)，70 decibels, and 85 decibels.The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however，the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups.Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one's creative thinking ability.The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus.This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus.Indeed, the researchers found that face­to­face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a co­working space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
32．Why does the interviewer prefer a co­working space?
A．It helps him concentrate.
B．It blocks out background noise.
C．It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D．It encourages face­to­face interactions.
33．Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability?
A．Total silence. B．50 decibels.
C．70 decibels. D．85 decibels.
34．What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?
A．Personal privacy unprotected.
B．Limited working space.
C．Restrictions on group discussion.
D．Constant interruptions.
35．What can we infer about the author from the text?
A．He's a news reporter.
B．He's an office manager.
C．He's a professional designer.
D．He's a published writer.
【语篇解读】　作者通过引用研究者对噪声的研究，得出“特定程度的噪声最适合人们进行创造性思维”这一结论，进而说明共享办公空间与创造性思维能力之间的联系：前者既提供了一定程度的噪声，又提供了免受打扰的自由。
32．A　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“That's why I have a membership at the co­working space across the street—so I can focus.”可知，采访者是街对面的共享工作空间的会员，在那里他能集中精力。所以，那位采访者更喜欢共享工作空间的原因是那里有助于他集中精力。故选A。]
33．C　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“...the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups.”可知，70分贝组的参与者的测试结果最好，显然70分贝的背景噪声可以提高创造性思维能力。故选C。]
34．D　[推理判断题。根据题干中的open office和unwelcome可以查找到最后一段。根据最后一段中的“...we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus.”以及while also providing freedom from interruptions可知，开放式办公室不受欢迎的原因是人们会不断地受到打扰。故选D。]
35．D　[推理判断题。根据文章第一句中的“During an interview for one of my books”可知，作者在为自己的一本书接受采访的时候留意到这个问题(即共享办公空间与创造性思维能力之间的联系)，由此可以判断作者是一位作家。故选D。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting，it's not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
　36　， if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves.If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living？”， you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to.　37　，it can bring in “I have this old, broken­down vehicle”or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.”It just opens up conversation.
　38　？ If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台).If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.　39　．
And what about that other dinner­party killer：awkward silence? If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬).　40　．Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A．How do you know the host
B．The first step is to go exploring
C．If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D．Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E．Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F．What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了一些让自己在宴会上变得有趣的方法。
36．B　[根据空处所在句的后一句“So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous，trying different foods and talking to strangers.”可知，要想在宴会上变得有趣，主要的事情就是现身(会场)，并且有冒险精神，去品尝不同的食物，并和陌生人进行交谈。另外，上述引文中的be adventurous和B选项中的go exploring相呼应。故选B。]
37．C　[根据空后的“it can bring in ‘I have this old，broken­down vehicle’or ‘I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.’”可知，此处是指以“你是怎么到这里来的？”这个问题开启一段谈话。vehicle和bus均与C项中的问题“How did you get here？”呼应。]
38．F　[空后的标点符号是问号，据此可以判断需要在此处填入一个问句，所以应该在选项A和选项F之间选择。空后一句“If you can't take their wine away，you should certainly try to take away their soapbox.”中的wine和soapbox分别与F项中的person who has had too much to drink和won't stop talking呼应。故选F。]
39．E　[根据上文的“If you can't take their wine away，you should certainly try to take away their soapbox.”可知，空处就如何应付宴会上喝太多或喋喋不休的人提出了另一个建议。由“...take away their soapbox.”可知E项符合语境。]
40．G　[空前一句“If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.”中的an awkward silence和the host，分别与G项中的that awkwardness和He or she is the person呼应。故选G。]
第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations.I was considering this while working as a 　41　 just a few weeks ago.And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 　42　 of gratitude (感谢).
My thoughts were soon 　43　．We had a woman patient who was 　44　 from a knee replacement operation.One afternoon, while 　45　 to get into bed she collapsed (倒下)from what was 　46　 discovered to be a heart attack.The collapse was disastrous, 　47　 the emergency medical team and good teamwork.But she recovered, though 　48　，and was ready for discharge (出院)after four weeks.
She was 　49　 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.On her day of discharge, we shared in her 　50　 at her recovery.As she was 　51　 she was eager to say 　52　 to each of us in the nursing team.When she 　53　 one nurse, she tried to press a five­pound note into her hand.My colleague 　54　 to accept it, saying that we were all just 　55　 our job.The patient looked puzzled, and then 　56　：“Oh，this isn't for the 　57　 I had.I take that as a 　58　．No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it.To many people，　59　 lives is part of the job but styling hair is an 　60　 and should be rewarded.
41．A.cleaner B．chemist
C．nurse D．doctor
42．A.grades B．meanings
C．needs D．expectations
43．A.brushed aside
B．put to the test
C．brought under discussion
D．taken into account
44．A.departing B．escaping
C．retiring D．recovering
45．A.attempting B．choosing
C．pausing D．promising
46．A.eventually B．fortunately
C．casually D．secretly
47．A.assessing B．requiring
C．forming D．proving
48．A.slightly B．accidentally
C．slowly D．happily
49．A.grateful B．thoughtful
C．sorrowful D．fearful
50．A.surprise B．delight
C．curiosity D．disappointment
51．A.operating B．thinking
C．hesitating D．leaving
52．A.sorry B．hello
C．goodbye D．yes
53．A.reached B．consulted
C．introduced D．persuaded
54．A.wished B．pretended
C．failed D．refused
55．A.enjoying B．doing
C．securing D．starting
56．A.repeated B．recited
C．replied D．reported
57．A.courage B．patience
C．duty D．care
58．A.goal B．given
C．push D．greeting
59．A.risking B．changing
C．saving D．building
60．A.honour B．ability
C．opening D．extra
【语篇解读】　作者觉得如果有一系列表达不同等级感激的词汇，事情会简单很多。而一件发生在作者周围的事情也让作者进一步坚定了自己的想法。
41．C　[考查名词。根据下文的“to each of us in the nursing team”可知，作者是一名护士。nurse意为“护士”，故选C。cleaner意为“清洁工”；chemist意为“化学家”；doctor意为“医生”。]
42．A　[考查名词。根据上文的“Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations.”可知，此处是指“那时我意识到，如果我们有一系列表达不同等级感激的词汇，事情会简单得多”。grade意为“等级；品级”，故选A。meaning意为“含义”；need意为“需要”；expectation意为“期望”。]
43．B　[考查动词短语。根据下文所述可知，作者所在医院的患者在出院时对医护人员表示感激。故此处是指“我的想法很快就受到了检验”。put to the test意为“使(某物)经受检验”，故选B。brush aside意为“不理会，漠视”； bring under discussion意为“把(某物)引入讨论”；take into account意为“考虑到(某事)”。]
44．D　[考查动词。根据空后的“from a knee replacement operation”可知，recover“康复；复原”符合语境，故选D。depart意为“离开”；escape意为“逃离”；retire意为“退休”。]
45．A　[考查动词。根据空前的内容可知，这名患者做了膝关节置换手术，所以此处是指当她“试图”上床的时候。attempt意为“尝试”，故选A。choose意为“选择”；pause意为“暂停”；promise意为“承诺”。]
46．A　[考查副词。根据空前的“We had a woman patient who was________from a knee replacement operation.”可知，这名患者一开始住院是做膝关节置换手术，而偶然间的一次跌倒“最终”被查明是心脏病发作所致。eventually意为“最终”，故选A。fortunately意为“幸运地”；casually意为“随意地”；secretly意为“秘密地”。]
47．B　[考查动词。根据空前的“The collapse was disastrous”可知，这名患者摔倒的后果是灾难性的，所以此处是指“需要”急救医疗团队和良好的团队合作。require意为“要求”，故选B。assess意为“评估”；form意为“形成”；prove意为“证明”。]
48．C　[考查副词。根据空前的“But she recovered，though”可知，此处是指“虽然恢复缓慢，但四周后她恢复了，并准备出院”。slowly意为“缓慢地；迟缓地”，故选C。slightly意为“略微；稍微”；accidentally意为“意外地”；happily意为“高兴地”。]
49．A　[考查形容词。根据常识及空后的“for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her”可知，此处是指她“感激”医疗和护理团队为她所做的一切。grateful意为“感激的”，故选A。thoughtful意为“体贴的；关心别人的”；sorrowful意为“悲伤的”；fearful意为“可怕的；吓人的”。]
50．B　[考查名词。根据常识和空前的“On her day of discharge，we shared in her”可知，患者出院就代表其已经恢复得很好了，所以此处是指分享“喜悦”。delight意为“高兴；愉快；快乐”，故选B。surprise意为“惊讶”；curiosity意为“好奇心”；disappointment意为“失望；沮丧；扫兴”。]
51．D　[考查动词。根据上文的“On her day of discharge”可知，此处是指“在这名患者出院那天”。leave意为“离开”，符合语境，故选D。operate意为“动手术”；think意为“想；思考”；hesitate意为“犹豫”。]
52．C　[考查逻辑。根据上文的“On her day of discharge”可知，此处是指这名患者即将出院，所以应是说“再见”。goodbye意为“再见”，故选C。sorry意为“抱歉”；hello意为“你好”；yes意为“是；好的”。]
53．A　[考查动词。根据上文的“As she was ________ she was eager to say________to each of us in the nursing team.”和空后的“she tried to press a five­pound note into her hand”可知，此处是说“当她与一名护士告别的时候，她努力把一张五英镑的钞票塞到她手里”。reach符合此处的语境，故选A。consult意为“咨询”；introduce意为“介绍”；persuade意为“劝说”。]
54．D　[考查动词。根据空后的“saying that we were all just________our job”以及空后女患者解释自己给护士五英镑的原因可知，此处是指作者的同事“拒绝”接受这五英镑。refuse意为“拒绝”，故选D。wish意为“希望”；pretend意为“假装”；fail意为“失败”。]
55．B　[考查动词。挽救生命是护士的本职工作，所以此处是指作者的同事说“我们”只是在做自己的工作。do意为“做”，故选B。enjoy意为“享受”；secure意为“保护”；start意为“开始”。]
56．C　[考查动词。根据空后女患者解释自己给护士五英镑的原因可知，此处是指女患者“回答道”。reply意为“回答”，故选C。repeat意为“重复”；recite意为“背诵”；report意为“报告”。]
57．D　[考查名词。根据常识可知，这名患者在医院应是得到了护士的“照顾”。care意为“照料；照顾；照看；护理”，故选D。courage意为“勇气”；patience意为“耐心”；duty意为“职责”。]
58．B　[考查名词。根据“Oh，this isn't for the ________I had.”可知，此处是指这名患者给护士钱不是因为她得到了护士的照顾，她认为护士照顾她是“一定会发生的事”。given意为“(定当发生的)假设事实”，故选B。goal意为“目标”；push意为“推；力劝”；greeting意“问候；招呼”。]
59．C　[考查动词。根据常识和“My colleague________ to accept it，saying that we were all just________our job.”可知，对于护士来说，“挽救”生命是他们工作内容的一部分。save意为“拯救；挽救”，故选C。risk意为“使……冒风险(或面临危险)”；change意为“改变”；build意为“建造”。]
60．D　[考查名词。根据空前的“lives is part of the job but”可知，做头发不是护士工作的一部分，而是额外的事情。extra意为“额外的事/物”，故选D。honour意为“荣誉”；ability意为“能力”；opening意为“缺口；开始；开端”。]
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响)travel to undisturbed places.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61.________ (educate)about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62.________ (develop)of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 63.________ (it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64.________ the late 1980s.During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to 65.________ growing popularity of environmentally­related and adventure travel, various types 66.________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually, a true eco­friendly trip must meet the following principles：
·Minimize the impact of 67.________ (visit)the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide 68.________ (finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.69.________(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking (远足)and accommodations aim 70.________ (have)a low impact on the natural environment.
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了生态旅游的起源以及人们在生态旅游时应该遵循的原则。
61．educated　[考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，become是系动词，此处应用形容词作表语，故填educated。become educated about意为“开始接受关于……的教育”。]
62．development　[考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the可知，此处应用名词作句子的宾语。]
63．its　[考查代词。origin为名词，其前应用形容词性物主代词。]
64．until/till　[考查介词。not...until/till意为“直到……为止”。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。]
65．the　[考查冠词。分析句意可知，此处特指生态旅游日益流行。故填定冠词the。]
66．of　[考查介词。various types of是固定短语，表示“各种类型的”。]
67．visiting　[考查非谓语动词。介词of的后面接名词或动名词，visit的动名词形式为visiting。]
68．financial　[考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作定语，修饰名词aid，故应用其形容词形式。]
69．Activities　[考查名词的单复数。此处缺少主语，且由谓语动词range可知，主语是复数形式。activity的复数形式为activities。空处位于句首，单词的首字母要大写。]
70．to have　[考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”。]
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I love doing housework.I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals.I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework.Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person.Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship.What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.That's our view on housework.And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
【参考范文】
I love doing housework.I always assist my parents in doing the after meals.I also water the flowers in the yard and up my own bedroom necessary.In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework.Firstly, doing housework helpful for us to be a responsible person.Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they like and it improves the family relationship.What's ， doing housework can be a form of relaxation from study.That's view on housework.And this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Be smart online learners”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1．分析优势与不足；
2．提出学习建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．题目和首句已为你写好。
Be smart online learners
Online learning has become an important way to learn recently.______________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Be smart online learners
Online_learning_has_become_an_important_way_to_learn_recently.However，online learning has both advantages and disadvantages.
Its advantages are obvious.It allows us to learn at any time wherever we are.Besides，we can absorb all kinds of resources to learn more efficiently.However，its disadvantages cannot be ignored.Staring at the screen is harmful to our eyes.Worse still，we don't have many opportunities to interact with our teachers and classmates.
Then how to be smart online learners？First，we should be brave to discuss our problems with others.Second，it is wise to take a short break after learning for 30 minutes.
In conclusion，only by being smart online learners can we truly enjoy the benefits of modern technology.
参考答案：
阅读
21－23　DCA　24－27　BACB　28－31　CABD　32－35　ACDD　36－40　BCFEG
完型
41－45　CABDA　46－50　ABCAB
51－55　DCADB　56－60　CDBCD
语法填空
61．educated　62.development　63.its　64.until　65.the　66.of　67.visiting　68.financial
69．Activities　70.to have
改错
I love doing housework.I always assist my parents in doing the after meals.I also water the flowers in the yard and up my own bedroom necessary.In my opinion, students can some housework.Firstly, doing housework helpful for us to be a responsible person.Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they like and it improves the family relationship.What's ， doing housework can be a form of relaxation from study.That's view on housework.And this can inspire more thinking on the topic!

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国甲卷)
英语
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15.　B．￡9.18.　　　C．￡9.15.
答案是C。
1．What is the man doing?
A．Asking the way.
B．Giving directions.
C．Correcting a mistake.
2．What dress size does the woman want?
A．8.　　　　B．10.　　　　C．12.
3．What is the woman likely to do?
A．Make a phone call.
B．Handle the problem.
C．Have a rest.
4．Which tour does the man seem to be interested in?
A．The evening tour.
B．The half­day tour.
C．The full­day tour.
5．Where are the speakers?
A．At a canteen.
B．At a clinic.
C．At a bank.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the woman think of the match?
A．Entertaining.
B．Discouraging.
C．Boring.
7．What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon?
A．Watch a game.
B．Play tennis.
C．Go to the cinema.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What does the man advise Mrs.White to do?
A．Go on a diet.
B．Do more exercise.
C．Get enough sleep.
9．Which can be included in Mrs.White's breakfast?
A．Eggs. B．Sausages. C．Porridge.
10．What is the man?
A．A teacher. B．A physician. C．A chef.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11．How does Nancy look to Daniel?
A．Confused. B．Excited. C．Anxious.
12．Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play?
A．To comfort Nancy.
B．To express his regret.
C．To show his pride.
13．What is Nancy going to do next week?
A．Take a school test.
B．Have a check­up.
C．Go in for a competition.
14．What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy?
A．Rewrite her lines.
B．Drive her to the theatre.
C．Help her with the practice.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．What was Prof.Stone's grandfather afraid of?
A．Leaving his home.
B．Parting from his son.
C．Taking early retirement.
16．What does old age mean to many elderly Americans?
A．Lack of moral support.
B．Loss of self­worth.
C．Change of living habits.
17．What will Prof.Stone talk about next concerning elderly people?
A．Public services they ask for.
B．Health care available to them.
C．Contributions they can make.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What does the speaker's mother want her to be?
A．A confident person.
B．A warm­hearted person.
C．A humorous person.
19．Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood?
A．She often traveled by herself.
B．Her family moved frequently.
C．Her mother was busy working.
20．What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A．Importance of home schooling.
B．Mother­daughter relationship.
C．A role model in her family.
[答案]　1－5　ACCBB　6－10　ABACB
11－15　CACCA　16－20　BCABB
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Take a view，the Landscape (风景)Photographer of the Year Award，was the idea of Charlie Waite，one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year，the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd
(2011)
Skiddaw in Winter
Cumbria，England
It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air.I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep，and though it was only a short climb，I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west.I used classical techniques，translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop，to achieve the black­and­white image(图像).
Timothy Smith
(2014)
Macclesfield
Forest
Cheshire，England
I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe，a local high point，I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow.The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
21.Who would most probably enter for Take a view?
A．Writers.　　　 B．Photographers.
C．Painters. D．Tourists.
22．What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?
A．They are winter images.
B．They are in black and white.
C．They show mountainous scenes.
D．They focus on snow­covered forests.
23．Where can the text be found?
A．In a history book. B．In a novel.
C．In an art magazine. D．In a biography.
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了英国的Take a view年度风光摄影师大奖，以及两幅获奖作品的相关信息。
21．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.”可知，摄影师最有可能参加这项大赛。故选B项。]
22．A　[细节理解题。根据第一幅作品相关信息中的“It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air.”以及第二幅作品相关信息中的“I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.”可知，两幅作品的共同之处是它们都是冬日的图像。故选A项。]
23．C　[文章出处题。通读文章可知，文章主要介绍了英国的Take a view年度风光摄影师大奖，并给出了两幅获奖作品的相关信息。摄影属于艺术范畴，故选C项。]
B
Port Lympne Reserve，which runs a breeding(繁育)programme，has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf(犀牛幼崽).When the tiny creature arrived on January 31，she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve.And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival，especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity(圈养).
Paul Beer，head of rhino section at Port Lympne，said: “Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family.She's healthy，strong and already eager to play and explore.Her mother，Solio，is a first­time mum and she is doing a fantastic job.It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open，but as soon as the weather warms up，I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.”
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve，but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first­time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg.His mother，grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund，the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500，giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.
24．Which of the following best describes the breeding programme?
A．Costly. B．Controversial.
C．Ambitious. D．Successful.
25．What does Paul Beer say about the new­born rhino?
A．She loves staying with her mother.
B．She dislikes outdoor activities.
C．She is in good condition.
D．She is sensitive to heat.
26．What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have?
A．They had their first born in January.
B．They enjoyed exploring new places.
C．They lived with their grandmothers.
D．They were brought to the reserve young.
27．What can be inferred about Port Lympne Reserve?
A．The rhino section will be open to the public.
B．It aims to control the number of the animals.
C．It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.
D．Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.
【语篇解读】　在Port Lympne保护区降生了一头罕见的黑犀牛幼崽，这种稀有动物因很难圈养繁殖，因此尤其珍贵。
24．D　[推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“When the tiny creature arrived on January 31，she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve.”以及倒数第二段中的“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5...His mother，grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.”可推知，该保护区的繁育计划是成功的。故选D项。]
25．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She's healthy，strong and already eager to play and explore.”可知，新出生的犀牛状态良好。故选C项。]
26．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“When the tiny creature arrived on January 31...”、第二段中的“Her mother，Solio，is a first­time mum...”和第三段第二句“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first­time mother Kisima...”可知，两头犀牛幼崽都于一月出生，而且Solio和Kisima这两头母犀牛都是第一次生产。故选A项。]
27．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“...but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.”可推知，有一些黑犀牛也许会被送到野生动物保护区。故选D项。]
C
When I was 9，we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow，London on a gray January morning.Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.Without my beloved beaches and endless blue­sky days，I felt at a loss and out of place.Until I made a discovery.
Southbank，at an eastern bend in the Thames，is the center of British skateboarding，where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.I loved it.I soon made friends with the local skaters.We spoke our own language.And my favorite: Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.It meant don't worry about it.Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆)，I fell onto the stones，damaging a nerve in my hand，and Toby came over，helping me up: Safe，man.Safe.A few minutes later，when I landed the trick，my friends beat their boards loud，shouting: “Safe!_Safe!_Safe！” And that's what mattered—landing tricks，being a good skater.
When I was 15，my family moved to Washington.I tried skateboarding there，but the locals were far less welcoming.Within a couple of years，I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004，I found myself wandering down to Southbank，spending hours there.I've traveled back several times since，most recently this past spring.The day was cold but clear; tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters.Weaving(穿梭)among the kids who rushed by on their boards，I found my way to the beam.Then a rail­thin teenager，in a baggy white T­shirt，skidded (滑)up to the beam.He sat next to me.He seemed not to notice the man next to him.But soon I caught a few of his glances.“I was a local here 20 years ago，” I told him.Then，slowly，he began to nod his head.“Safe，man.Safe.”
“Yeah，” I said.“Safe.”
28．What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?
A．He felt disappointed.
B．He gave up his hobby.
C．He liked the weather there.
D．He had disagreements with his family.
29．What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe！” probably mean?
A．Be careful! B．Well done!
C．No way! D．Don't worry!
30．Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?
A．To join the skateboarding.
B．To make new friends.
C．To learn more tricks.
D．To relive his childhood days.
31．What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A．Children should learn a second language.
B．Sport is necessary for children's health.
C．Children need a sense of belonging.
D．Seeing the world is a must for children.
【语篇解读】　本文讲述了作者怀念小时候搬家后玩滑板的经历。
28．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Without my beloved beaches and endless blue­sky days，I felt at a loss and out of place.”可知，作者搬到伦敦后感觉不知所措且无所适从。分析四个选项可知，A项中的disappointed(沮丧的)准确描述了作者的心情。故选A项。]
29．B　[词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“And that's what mattered—landing tricks，being a good skater.”可知，成为一名好的滑行者，落地技巧是重要的。再根据上句中的“when I landed the trick，my friends beat their boards loud, shouting...”可知，作者成功掌握了落地技巧，他的朋友们夸赞他干得漂亮。故选B项。]
30．D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I found myself wandering down to Southbank，spending hours there.I've traveled back several times since...Weaving among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam.”可知，作者在回到伦敦后，花了数小时在Southbank漫步，并且去了多次，穿梭于玩滑板的孩子之间，忆起自己的过往。由此可推断作者在重温儿时美好的日子。故选D项。]
31．C　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者从洛杉矶搬到伦敦后感到不适应，后在一个滑板运动中心交到了好友。作者15岁时，一家又搬到了华盛顿。他尝试在那里玩滑板，但这项运动在那里并不受欢迎，故作者几年后放弃了。作者再次回到伦敦后，怀念小时候在伦敦的经历。这些都显示出孩子需要归属感。故选C项。]
D
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius.His face is almost the international symbol for genius.But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself.Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts，those praised as geniuses were most often white men，of European origin.Perhaps this is not a surprise.It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women，or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six，girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really，really smart.” Even worse，the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really，really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news.In a wired world with constant global communication，we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.And the more we look，the more we will see that social factors (因素)like gender，race，and class do not determine the appearance of genius.As a writer says，future geniuses come from those with “intelligence，creativity，perseverance (毅力)，and simple good fortune，who are able to change the world.”
32．What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A．They're unfair.
B．They're conservative.
C．They're objective.
D．They're strict.
33．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?
A．They think themselves smart.
B．They look up to great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs.
34．Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A．Improved global communication.
B．Less discrimination against women.
C．Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D．Changes in people's social positions.
35．What is the best title for the text?
A．Geniuses Think Alike
B．Genius Takes Many Forms
C．Genius and Intelligence
D．Genius and Luck
【语篇解读】　不论是在科学界还是艺术界，判断一个人是不是“天才”只有一个标准——“胜利者的标准”。然而这是一个极为不公平的判断标准，因为它将很大一部分人排除在“天才俱乐部”外。好消息是这种情况正在得到改善。
32．A　[推理判断题。根据第三段的“It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women，or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.”可知，历史是由胜利者书写的，而这些胜利者也为“天才俱乐部”设定了标准。当“俱乐部”外的天才(即女性、不同肤色或信仰的人)做出贡献时，他们得不到认可，并会被其他人拒绝进入“天才俱乐部”。因此作者认为胜利者为“天才俱乐部”设定的准入标准是不公平的。故选A。]
33．D　[推理判断题。根据第四段的“A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six，girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are ‘really，really smart.’Even worse，the study found that girls act on that belief：Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are‘really，really smart.’”可知，该项研究发现，女孩会避免去做那些被认为是“特别特别聪明”的孩子才能做的事。由此可知，女孩可能受到社会观念的影响。故选D。]
34．A　[细节理解题。根据第五段的“In a wired world with constant global communication，we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.”可知，有更多的天才被公众所知，其原因在于全球通信系统的改善。故选A。]
35．B　[主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中的“...social factors like gender，race，and class do not determine the appearance of genius.As a writer says，future geniuses come from those with‘intelligence，creativity，perseverance，and simple good fortune，who are able to change the world.’”可知，像性别、种族和阶层这样的社会因素并不能决定天才是什么样的。因此B项“天才有多种形式”最能概括本文的主旨。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Swap，Don't Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling，right? But it doesn't end with bottles，cans，and paper.Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源)to make，and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment.So what to do with all those perfectly­good­but­you're­maybe­a­little­sick­of­them clothes piled on your bedroom floor？　36　．It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes，score clothes from your friends，and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes，the organization of the event，and，obviously，how much fun is had.It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection.　37　，and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that，and it becomes uncontrollable.
·　38　．They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
·Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.　39　．Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
·Set a starting time.Maybe you say “go，” or turn on a certain song，or whatever.　40　．And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remember，it's a party!
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了如何举办服装交换派对活动来回收利用旧衣服，以达到保护环境的目的。
36．B　[分析上下文语境可知，该空起承上启下的作用。空前提到该如何处理你不喜欢的衣服，空后提到舍弃你的旧衣服，从你朋友那里获得衣服。由此可知，空处应提出一种解决你不喜欢的衣服这一问题的方法。分析选项可知，B项“举办旧衣物交换活动”是对该问题的回答；而下一句中的代词It也指代B选项中的clothing swap。故B项正确。]
37．A　[分析本句的结构可知，后半句中的“more than that...”和空处所填应形成对比的关系；分析各选项可知，A项符合该处语境，且选项中的that与more than that中的that均指代该段首句中的Invite 5－10 people。故A项正确。]
38．G　[该空位于句首，应为段落的主旨句。且由下一句中的also一词可知，两句之间为递进关系，G选项中的bring与下一句“They should also prepare...”中的prepare相呼应，此段介绍参加服装交换派对活动的要求，即不仅要带来干净可穿的衣物，还要准备好装“新”衣物的环保袋。故G项正确。]
39．F　[由上下文语境可知，空处应是讲述交换衣服时所做的事情。F选项中put一词是前一句“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room”的关键词复现，表明应把衣物摆放在合适的位置。故F项正确。]
40．D　[由空前一句中的“turn on a certain song，or whatever”和空后一句可知，D选项中的“全程播放音乐”与空后“准备一些饼干和水果”，都是为了给旧衣物交换派对活动增添乐趣。故D项正确。]
第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria，Canada.
Burchill was　41　at the hotel on business and planning to　42　some friends in the area.They had asked him to　43　some pepperoni (辣香肠)from back east.So he　44　a suitcase full of pepperoni.As he was　45　that it would be too warm，he　46　it out on the table near an open window.He thought his pepperoni was　47　and well chilled(冷却)and he　48　．
That's when things went　49　．“I remember walking down the long　50　and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls，” Burchill said in a recent letter of　51　to the 4­star hotel.“The seagulls immediately went　52　．They rushed to the window，30 or 40 birds all trying to 　53　at the same time，and pepperoni—everywhere.The curtains were falling down，the lamps were falling down.It was a real　54　．”
Older and wiser now，Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion(莽撞).
“I have　55　and I admit responsibility for my　56　，” he said in the letter.“I come to you，　57　，to apologize for the damage I had　58　caused and to ask you to　59　my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter　60　．Banned from the hotel since 2001，Burchill is now welcome to come back，the Fairmont said.
41．A.studying　　 B．staying
C．looking D．packing
42．A.visit B．help
C．follow D．make
43．A.sell B．have
C．bring D．taste
44．A.filled B．locked
C．abandoned D．lost
45．A.surprised B．pleased
C．excited D．worried
46．A.dug B．cleared
C．cut D．laid
47．A.delicious B．safe
C．soft D．ready
48．A.left B．nodded
C．waited D．regretted
49．A.far B．funny
C．wrong D．blind
50．A.beach B．driveway
C．hall D．table
51．A.application B．apology
C．request D．invitation
52．A.hungry B．dead
C．missing D．wild
53．A.wake up B．get out
C．take off D．break in
54．A.mess B．puzzle
C．fight D．challenge
55．A.recovered B．retired
C．escaped D．matured
56．A.suffering B．plans
C．madness D．actions
57．A.hands in pockets B．nose in the air
C．hat in hand D．feet on the ground
58．A.indirectly B．deliberately
C．cautiously D．secretly
59．A.replace B．remember
C．reconsider D．renew
60．A.arrived B．worked
C．ended D．disappeared
【语篇解读】　本文讲述了主人公Burchill的经历。他在酒店晾香肠却引来了一群海鸥，给酒店造成了损失，因此被酒店列入黑名单。后来他写信给酒店道歉，酒店准许他重新进入。
41．B　[考查动词。根据语境及空后的“at the hotel on business”可知，此处指的是“出差待在酒店里”，故选B。]
42．A　[考查动词。根据下文“They had asked him to______some pepperoni from back east”可知，Burchill是要去见他的朋友们。visit“看望，访问，拜访”符合语境，故选A。]
43．C　[考查动词。根据下文的“from back east”可知，此处应是朋友们让Burchill带些辣香肠来。bring“带来”符合语境，故选C。]
44．A　[考查动词。根据上文内容可知，Burchill要去见朋友，朋友要求他带一些辣香肠过来。由此可推知，此处应表示他装了满满一箱的辣香肠。fill“使充满，装满”符合语境，故选A。]
45．D　[考查形容词。根据“it would be too warm”和下文的内容可知，空处所在句是说，Burchill担心辣香肠的温度过高。worried“担心的，担忧的”符合语境，故选D。]
46．D　[考查动词。根据空后的“out on the table near an open window”和常识可知，Burchill担心辣香肠温度过高，所以他应是把辣香肠拿出来放在窗户旁的桌子上。lay“放置”符合语境，故选D。]
47．B　[考查形容词。根据上下文的内容可知，Burchill应是认为把辣香肠放在窗户旁是安全的，并且能够让它冷却下来。safe“安全的”符合语境，故选B。]
48．A　[考查动词。根据下文“opening the door to my room”可知，Burchill应是离开了放置辣香肠的房间。leave“离开”符合语境，故选A。]
49．C　[考查形容词。根据下文的“...to find an entire flock of seagulls”和下文的内容可知，令Burchill没想到的是，辣香肠引来了一群海鸥，所以空处所在句应是说事情出了问题。wrong“引起问题的，不正常的”符合语境，故选C。]
50．C　[考查名词。根据空前的“walking down the long”和下文的“opening the door to my room”可知，Burchill走过了长长的走廊才打开了门进入自己的房间。hall“过道，走廊”符合语境，故选C。]
51．B　[考查名词。根据下文提到的．..to apologize for the damage可知，Burchill写了一封道歉信给这家四星级酒店。apology“道歉，致歉”符合语境，故选B。]
52．D　[考查形容词。根据下文“They rushed to the window”和常识可知，海鸥在人进入房间后应会变得不受控制并想要飞到窗户外面去。go wild“发狂，发疯”符合该处语境，故选D。]
53．B　[考查动词短语。根据上文的描述和常识可知，空处所在句是说海鸥想要飞出窗外。get out“出去，逃离”符合语境，故选B。wake up“醒来”；take off“起飞；脱掉”；break in“破门而入”。]
54．A　[考查名词。根据上文“...and pepperoni—everywhere.The curtains were falling down，the lamps were falling down.”可知，现场应是一片混乱。mess“混乱，杂乱”符合语境，故选A。]
55．D　[考查动词。根据上文“Older and wiser now...”可知，现在的Burchill变得更加成熟了。mature“成熟”符合语境，故选D。]
56．D　[考查名词。根据上文的内容可知，Burchill承认这个严重的后果是他晾辣香肠的行为所导致的，他应该为此负责。action“行为，行动”符合语境，故选D。]
57．C　[考查名词短语。根据上下文的内容可知，空处所在句应是说“我”真诚地为“我”造成的损失表示歉意。hat in hand“毕恭毕敬地”符合语境，故选C。hands in pockets“手插兜”；nose in the air“目中无人”；feet on the ground“脚踏实地”。]
58．A　[考查副词。根据全文的内容可知，这件事情是由Burchill间接造成的。indirectly“间接地，非直接地”符合语境，故选A。]
59．C　[考查动词。根据上文内容可知，Burchill因为一时的疏忽给酒店造成了严重的影响，所以被列入了黑名单。后来他写信给酒店道歉。故空处所在句是说，他请求酒店重新考虑一下自己终身被禁的事情。reconsider“重新考虑”符合语境，故选C。]
60．B　[考查动词。根据下文“Burchill is now welcome to come back”可知，他写的信起了作用。work“奏效，起到作用”符合语境，故选B。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history.It 61.________(build)originally to protect the city 62.________the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).It is possible 63.______(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate.The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After 64.________(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall，we decided it was time for some action and what 65.________(good)than to ride on a piece of history!
We 66.________(hire)our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.My bike was old and shaky 67.________did the job.It took us about 3 hours to go all 68.________ way around the Xi'an City Wall.Supposedly you can do it in two hours，but we stopped at the different gates and 69.________(watchtower)to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 70.________(day)routines.
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了作者骑租来的自行车游览中国悠久历史中幸存下来最完整的城墙——西安古城墙的一次美好经历。
61．was built　[考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，与主语it构成动宾关系，故用被动语态；且根据originally可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时，所以填was built。]
62．in　[考查介词。表示“在……朝代”应用介词in。]
63．to walk　[考查固定句型。分析句子可知，此处是固定句型“It is＋adj.＋(for sb.)to do sth.”，It是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。]
64．spending　[考查非谓语动词。空前的After为介词，后应接动词的­ing形式。故填spending。]
65．better　[考查形容词的比较级。分析句子结构，且根据空后的than可知，空处应用good的比较级。]
66．hired　[考查时态。根据上下文可知，此句描述的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时。]
67．but　[考查连词。根据空处前后的句意可知，“自行车又旧又摇晃”与“能骑”之间是转折关系。故用表转折的连词but。]
68．the　[考查冠词。all the way为固定短语，意为“一直，一路上”。]
69．watchtowers　[考查名词的单复数。并列连词and连接的词在形式上应保持一致，and前的gates是名词的复数形式，故空处应用所给词的复数形式watchtowers。]
70．daily　[考查词性转换。修饰名词routines应用形容词形式，daily routine为固定搭配，意为“日常生活”。]
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire.One of the questions are：Who will you go in times of trouble? Here are the results.Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other.Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help.Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own.Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.They kept very much to themselves.In my opinion，where in trouble，we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
[答案]　
Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire. One of the questions ： Who will you go in times of trouble? Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other. Some will turn to their parents or teachers for help. Only a choose to deal with the problem on own. Their answers also show that they dislike to others. They very much to themselves. In my opinion, in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust ．
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华。你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英文网站展示。请你写一封邮件给外国朋友Chris，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人。邮件内容包括：
1．阐明写信事由；
2．征求建议；
3．表示感谢。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Dear Chris，
How is everything going? To introduce Chinese traditional culture, our school will hold a theme class meeting, which will be exhibited on the English website. I am writing to ask for your valuable advice on the aspects of Chinese traditional culture which are extremely appealing to foreign friends.
As far as I know, Chinese traditional culture, including paper­cutting, guzheng and so on, has its unique characteristics. For example, Chinese knots are a symbol of good luck and best wishes. Furthermore, guzheng is of great significance to Chinese folk music leading you to a fantastic world of music. Eventually, I am strongly eager to know which aspects of Chinese traditional culture arouse your curiosity most.
With your assistance, I will make full preparations for the meeting. Thanks again for your help. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua

2021年高考浙江卷
英语
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15.　　B．￡9.18.　　C．￡9.15.
答案是C
1．Why did the woman go to Mallorca?
A．To teach Spanish.
B．To look for a job.
C．To see a friend.
2．What does the man ask the woman to do?
A．Take him to hospital.
B．Go to a class with him.
C．Submit a report for him.
3．Who will look after the children?
A．Jennifer. B．Suzy. C．Marie.
4．What are the speakers going to do?
A．Drive home.
B．Go shopping.
C．Eat out.
5．What are the speakers talking about?
A．How to fry fish.
B．How to make coffee.
C．How to remove a bad smell.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题3秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When does Gomez watch a football game on TV?
A．When he fails to get a ticket.
B．When the stadium is crowded.
C．When his friends are too busy.
7．How much did Gomez pay for the football game last time?
A．$20. B．$25. C．$50.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What did Alex do in the afternoon?
A．He bad a walk.
B．He went hunting.
C．He planted trees.
9．What did Alex bring back?
A．Flowers. B．Leaves. C．Books.
10．What was Bob doing when Alex saw him?
A．Fishing.
B．Taking pictures.
C．Swimming.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What did David do on his most recent holiday?
A．He had a boat trip.
B．He took a balloon flight.
C．He climbed a mountain.
12．What is on David's list?
A．Gifts he needed to buy.
B．Things he wished to do.
C．Dates he had to remember.
13．Where does the woman suggest David go for his next holiday?
A．Australia. B．California. C．The Amazon.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．Why did Sarah make the phone call?
A．To ask a favor.
B．To pass on a message.
C．To make an appointment.
15．Where is Sarah now?
A．In Brighton.
B．At her home.
C．At the Shelton Hotel.
16．What time is Michael leaving his place tomorrow morning?
A．At 7：40. B．At 8：00. C．At 8：20.
17．What is the probable relationship between John and Sarah?
A．Neighbors.
B．Fellow workers.
C．Husband and wife.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What do most people think is very important in spoken communication?
A．Pronunciation.
B．Vocabulary.
C．Grammar.
19．Why should you listen to experts according to the speaker?
A．To develop your reading fluency.
B．To improve your note­taking skills.
C．To find out your mispronunciations.
20．What is the speaker's last suggestion?
A．Spell out the difficult words.
B．Check the words in a dictionary.
C．Practice reading the words aloud.
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Leslie Nielsen's childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life—his uncle, who was a well­known actor.The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career (职业)in acting.Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no­talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948.However, becoming a full­time，successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn't quite what he wanted.Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles.It wasn't until 1980—32 years into his career—that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no.He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do，but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the corner.He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring.He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination.He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.
21．Why did Nielsen want to be an actor?
A．He enjoyed watching movies.
B．He was eager to earn money.
C．He wanted to be like his uncle.
D．He felt he was good at acting.
22．What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career?
A．He directed some high quality movies.
B．He avoided taking on new challenges.
C．He focused on playing dramatic roles.
D．He became a successful comedy actor.
23．What does Nielsen's career story tell us?
A．Art is long, life is short.
B．He who laughs last laughs longest.
C．It's never too late to learn.
D．Where there's a will there's a way.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过介绍著名演员莱斯利·尼尔森在追求演艺事业上所付出的努力和决心以及所成就的非凡人生经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。
21．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中“his uncle，who was a well­known actor”和第二句“The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting.”可知，Nielsen的叔叔是一位著名演员，他所赢得的赞赏和敬重激励着Nielsen也想要像叔叔一样，成为一名演员，故选C项。]
22．D　[细节理解题。由题干中“in the second half of his career”可将答案定位到第二段。根据第二段第四句“That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.”可知《空前绝后满天飞》这部电影对Nielsen演艺生涯的后半段起到引领作用；同时，他凭借在剧中出彩的喜剧表演使得该影片取得巨大成功。由此可知，Nielsen正式转型成为一名喜剧演员，故选D项。]
23．D　[写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Nielsen受叔叔的影响进入演艺圈，并一直坚守决心，努力成为一名优秀的喜剧演员。就是这么一个愿望，让Nielsen矢志不渝，永不放弃，最终成就非凡人生。由此可知，Nielsen在演艺界的职业历程告诉我们：有志者事竟成，故选D项。]
B
We live in a town with three beaches.There are two parts less than 10 minutes' walk from home where neighborhood children gather to play.However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours.They are not alone.Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend.A couple of years ago，film­maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three­year­old son's ear without getting a response.He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself “marketing director for Nature”．He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people.The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the wild Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
“Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference，” David Bond says.“There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life.” His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now：“We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.”
Summer is upon us.There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it.Let us get them out and let them play.
24．What is the problem with the author's children?
A．They often annoy their neighbours.
B．They are tired of doing their homework.
C．They have no friends to play with.
D．They stay in front of screens for too long.
25．How did David Bond advocate his idea?
A．By making a documentary film.
B．By organizing outdoor activities.
C．By advertising in London media.
D．By creating a network of friends.
26. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 2?
A．records　　　　 B．predicts
C．delays D．confirms
27．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Let Children Have Fun
B．Young Children Need More Free Time
C．Market Nature to Children
D．David Bond：A Role Model for Children
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了电影制片人大卫·邦德为了解决儿童看屏幕时间过长的问题创作了电影Project Wild Thing。
24．D　[细节理解题。文章第一段提到“what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours”由此可知，作者的孩子们放学后想做的事就是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看上几个小时。说明作者的孩子的问题是花在屏幕上的时间太多，故答案选D。]
25．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people.The result was Project Wild Thing，a film...”可知大卫·邦德把自己的历程记录了下来，并通过媒体来向年轻人推销，最终以电影的形式呈现，所以他是通过制作纪录片的形式来倡导自己的想法，故答案选A。]
26．A　[词义猜测题。画线词前说到大卫·邦德记录了自己的历程，由此创作了一部电影，以及后文的“...the birth of the Wild Network...，”这部电影记录了这个组织的诞生，由此可推测出chart此处意为“记录”，故答案选A。]
27．C　[标题归纳题。本文开篇作者提出了自己的孩子的问题——总是盯着电脑等屏幕而不去参加户外活动，由此引出电影制片人大卫·邦德通过创作纪录片电影来鼓励儿童养成户外活动、亲近大自然的好习惯，故C项符合题意。]
C
If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed，you may be onto something.Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study.
Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images (图像)of the same person making either a happy or an angry face.During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person's face.The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person's face or images totally different from the ones used in training.The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance.
The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage “We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth，” said study author Corsin Muller.“Instead, our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.”
“With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions，”Muller told Live Science.
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans.“To us the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions，and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them，”Muller said.
28．The new study focused on whether dogs can ________.
A．distinguish shapes
B．make sense of human faces
C．feel happy or angry
D．communicate with each other
29．What can we learn about the study from paragraph 2?
A．Researchers tested the dogs in random order.
B．Diverse methods were adopted during training.
C．Pictures used in the two stages were different
D．The dogs were photographed before the test.
30．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．A suggestion for future studies.
B．A possible reason for the study findings.
C．A major limitation of the study.
D．An explanation of the research method.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项研究狗是否能辨别人的面部表情的实验。
28．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study.”可知，该研究内容为狗或许能够区分人的面部表情。]
29．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“The researchers then tested...by showing them the other half of the person's face or images totally different from the ones used in training.”可知，研究员在测试阶段中向狗展示的人脸的另一半图像与训练阶段所使用的完全不同的图像。]
30．B　[段落大意题。前段在叙述了本项研究的发现“至少有些狗狗具有识别人类面部表情的能力”后，由本段第一句“...it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions”和“...the most likely explanation appears to be...between them”可知，本段是在分析为什么狗会具有辨别人类面部表情能力的原因。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You've got mail...and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34­year­old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum.Or Africa's Victoria Falls.Or China's Great Wall.　31　
“I often send postcards to family and friends.” he says to China Daily，“but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it.　32　” Seeking other like­minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place：online.Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch (直觉)paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575，217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago.　33　 Running the website has almost turned into a full­time job.
Language is certainly a barrier for many people.For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other.As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.　34　 So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.　35　 That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing，”Paulo says.
A．And that's totally fine.
B．That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C．He likes to think of sending postcards as a family­friendly hobby.
D．Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E．On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F．Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G．In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand­written note from someone far away.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了葡萄牙计算机工程师Paulo Magalhaes及其创建的全球互寄明信片社交网站postcrossing.com。
31．G　[空白处前列举了Paulo收到的各种主题的明信片，G选项以In short(总之)起句，有总结上文之意；...he loves postcards...可对应上文“Paulo Magalhaes...loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of...，”故G选项为此处的正确选项。]
32．A　[由空白处上文“...but you can imagine that...you realize that not everyone is into it.”及下文“Seeking other like­minded souls, however...”可知，Paulo对亲友并不都像他自己一样热衷于互寄明信片一事表示理解，并没有过于纠结，而是很自然地转而去寻找与他志趣相投的陌生人。A选项“And that's totally fine.”符合Paulo的态度。]
33．E　[本段主要介绍postcrossing.com网站的发展情况，空白处前指出10年间该网站注册用户遍布两百多个国家和地区，人数超过五十万，空白处后又强调网站运营的工作量很大，因此可推测，此处空缺内容应与网站的繁荣发展相关，E选项“On August 5，the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.”符合语境。]
34．F　[此处空白前一句“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.”提到，如果收信人看不懂中文的话这一概念就没用，空白处后又说“a common language is required”由此可推知，此处空缺内容与语言造成的沟通障碍有关，F选项符合语境。]
35．B　[此空下文紧接的提示词That said隐含让步关系，表示“话虽如此”，然后讲到很多非英语母语者都通过互寄明信片提高了自身的英语水平；由此可推断，空白处应填英语水平有限给大家造成的困难，因此B选项“That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.”符合语境。]
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mother is 92.Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her 　36　 and visit the doctor, providing 　37　 and transportation.During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to 　38　 some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was 　39　 about three dollars.The only 　40　 to pay for the groceries was to take off the 　41　 she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精)and a bar of soap.By taking off these，she was able to 　42　 the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people 　43　 and then go off to the side to 　44　 their own groceries.My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a 　45　 came up to her and said，“Here are the things that you 　46　，”handing her the rubbing alcohol and the 　47　．My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless.She 　48　 for the woman's name and address so that she could 　49　 her.The woman told her it was her 　50　．
My mother was so 　51　 by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员)a five­dollar bill to keep on hand 　52　 the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough 　53　 for all of their groceries.
So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of 　54　 that not only helped my mother out, but 　55　 too.
36．A.exercise B．housework
C．cooking D．shopping
37．A.reward B．medicine
C．company D．shelter
38．A.return B．collet
C．order D．buy
39．A.short B．cautious
C．wrong D．concerned
40．A.aim B．way
C．advice D．reason
41．A.weight B．things
C．mask D．glasses
42．A.raise B．add
C．bring D．switch
43．A.show up B．call in
C．check out D．sit down
44．A.store B．select
C．deliver D．bag
45．A.stranger B．cashier
C．friend D．doctor
46．A.looked for B．talked about
C．threw away D．put back
47．A.receipt B．soap
C．cash D．bottle
48．A.asked B．waited
C．cared D．searched
49．A.repay B．trust
C．recognize D．help
50．A.luck B．chance
C．gift D．turn
51．A.surprised B．amused
C．touched D．convinced
52．A.in case B．even if
C．as though D．so that
53．A.energy B．money
C．space D．time
54．A.faith B．courage
C．kindness D．honor
55．A.made her day B．changed her mind
C．caught her eye D．met her demand
【语篇解读】作者的母亲去商店购物，结账时发现钱不够，只好去掉部分已选的商品。这时一位素不相识的女士替作者的母亲支付了那些商品，并将商品递给了作者的母亲。
36．D　[根据第一段中的“...she likes to go to a nearby store...”和第二段中的“...she went to pay for her groceries...”可知，作者的母亲喜欢去附近的商店购买食品杂货，所以shopping符合语境。]
37．C　[根据第一段中的“...each week I take my mother to...”可知，作者会陪母亲一起去……，所以C项company“陪伴”符合语境。]
38．D　[根据第二段中的“...but when she went to pay for her groceries...”可知选buy。]
39．A　[根据第二段最后一句中的“By taking off these”和“the new total to the amount of cash she had with her”可知，作者的母亲带的钱不足以支付她所选购的商品，还少(short)3美元左右。]
40．B　[根据下文可知，作者的母亲从所选的商品中取出了一瓶酒精和一块肥皂，这是解决现金不够的方法(way)。]
41．B　[根据冒号后的内容“a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知选things。]
42．C　[作者的母亲取出一瓶酒精和一块肥皂后，所购商品的新总价和现金数额相当，bring意为“使处于某种状况”，符合语境。]
43．C　[根据“...and then go off to the side...”可知check out符合语境。人们在结账后就会到旁边去……。]
44．D　[根据下一句“My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags...”可知bag符合语境。bag在此处作动词，意为“把……装进袋子”。]
45．A　[根据后文的提示“the woman's name and address”可知，stranger符合语境。作者的母亲不认识这位女士。]
46．D　[第二段提到作者的母亲在所选购的商品中取出一瓶医用酒精和一块肥皂，所以put back“放回”符合语境。]
47．B　[根据第二段中的“a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知选soap。]
48．A　[作者的母亲不认识这位女士，因此她询问(asked for)这位女士的名字和住址。]
49．A　[这位女士用自己的钱替作者的母亲支付了一瓶酒精和一块肥皂的费用，因此作者的母亲询问这位女士的姓名和住址是想归还(repay)这笔钱。]
50．C　[根据下一段可知，作者的母亲给了收银员五美元，以此传递爱心。由此可知，这位女士并没有希望作者的母亲还钱，所以gift“礼物”符合语境。]
51．C　[作者的母亲得到了素不相识的人的帮助，因此很感动(touched)。]
52．A　[作者的母亲给收银员五美元是为了帮助其他人，以防(in case)还有其他人在结账时钱不够。]
53．B　[根据语境，买东西需要用钱来支付，因此money符合语境。]
54．C　[帮助素不相识的人是一种善行(act of kindness)。]
55．A　[作者的母亲不仅得到了陌生人的帮助，而且还将善举传递下去，她的内心自然是愉悦的。make sb.'s day“使某人高兴一整天”符合语境。change sb.'s mind意为“改变某人的主意”，catch sb.'s eye意为“引起某人的注意”，meet sb.'s demand意为“满足某人的要求”，均不符合语境。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois，56.________(prove)irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.Beautifully restored (修复)to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years.In 1844 they bought it 57.________ $1，200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 58.________(marry)ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much 59.________ (small)than it is today.Mary's niece wrote，“The little home 60.________(paint)white.It was sweet and fresh.Mary loved it.She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 61.________(she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.
Although Mary loved flowers，62.________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.A long­time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year.Mary's sister，Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 63.________(plant)flowers in the front yard.
64．________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two storeys in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here.After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 65.________(sell)most of their furniture.
56．has proved/has proven　[连词but连接两个并列分句，Lincoln's home在第二个分句中作主语，故此处prove作谓语，再根据后面的由since引导的时间状语从句可知，此处主句谓语通常用现在完成时。]
57．for　[buy sth. for some money为固定搭配，意为“用……钱买某物”。]
58．marriage　[marriage ceremony为固定搭配，意为“婚礼”。此处应用名词marriage作ceremony的宾语。]
59．smaller　[根据空白处后面的than可知此处应用small的比较级。]
60．was painted　[home与paint之间为被动关系，且根据空白处所在句后面的was和loved可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。]
61．herself　[根据句意可知是“她长得非常漂亮，她的房子就是她自己的写照”，故此处应用she的反身代词形式。]
62．neither　[neither...nor为固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”。]
63．to plant　[此处考查非谓语动词的用法，动词不定式表示目的。]
64．The　[在复数姓氏前加the，表示“……一家人”。]
65．sold　[根据and连接的第一个并列的谓语动词rented可知此处应用sell的一般过去式。]
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节　应用文写作(满分15分)
昨天你参观了学校举办的学生国画作品展。请给校英文报写一篇宣传稿，内容包括：
1．展览时间、地点；
2．观展感受；
3．推荐观展。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文1】
Yesterday I visited the exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings organized by our school.The exhibition，which is being held in the school art gallery，will last until June 30th.The works on display there are so fantastic that I am deeply impressed by the talent of the painters as well as the charm of traditional Chinese culture.
Therefore，I highly recommend you to pay a visit to this exhibition，for it is really worth seeing.
【参考范文2】
Yesterday I visited the exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings being held by our school.It is said that the exhibition will last for a month in the school hall.Lots of works on show there range from landscape paintings to flower­and­bird paintings.Impressed by the splendid scenery and the vivid civil life the paintings protrayed，I really appreciate the wonderful works by those gifted student painters.
I heartily recommend this exhibition to you.I'm sure it will arouse your interest in Chinese painting and you'll have a deeper understanding of Chinese culture.
第二节　读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事，
My dad,George, only had an eighth grade education.A quiet man, he didn't understand my world of school activities.From age 14, he worked．And his dad, Albert, took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family expenses.
I didn't really understand his world either: He was a livestock trucker and I thought that I would surpass (超过)anything he had accomplished by the time I walked across the stage at high school graduation.
Summers in the mid­70s were spent at home shooting baskets, hitting a baseball, or throwing a football, preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team.In poor weather, I read about sports or practiced my trombone (长号).
The summer before my eighth grade I was one of a group of boys that a neighboring farmer hired to work in his field.He explained our basic task, the tractor fired up and we were off, riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with chemicals.After a short way, the farmer stopped and pointed at a weed which we missed.Then we began again.This happened over and over, but we soon learned to identify different grasses like cockleburs, lamb's­quarters, foxtails, and the king of weeds, the pretty purple thistle.It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay，even though I wasn't sure how much it would amount to.
At home, my dad said, “A job's a big step to growing_up．I'm glad you will be contributing to the household.”My dad's words made me realize that my earnings might not be mine to do with as I wished.
My labors lasted about two weeks, and the farmer said there might be more work, but I wasn't interested.I decided it was not fair that I had to contribute my money.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
The pay arrived at last.______________________________________________
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Paragraph 2：
I understood immediately what my parents were worried about.______________
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【参考范文】
Paragraph 1：
The pay day arrived at last.I was glad that I finally got the payment after working hard for two weeks.On my way home I created many plans to spend the money.Upon approaching the house，I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck，looking upset.“How much do we still need to pay for a new truck？”asked my mom.“Three hundred dollars，but we have only two hundred on hand，”answered my dad.
Paragraph 2：
I understood immediately what my parents were worried about.Really，the truck my dad drove often broke down halfway.He had always intended bo buy a new truck but couldn't afford it.Suddenly，I realized what I should do.Stepping forward，I said，“Dad，here is what I received for my work.I think it would help you in some way.”Greatly touched by what I said，my dad hugged me tightly.That night，I made up my mind that I would continue the work on the farm and contribute to my family's household.After all，I had grown_up．