高考英语阅读表达专项训练

这是一份高考英语阅读表达专项训练，共27页。

阅读表达
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
We all like to think that we are rational (理性的) thinkers, but poor decisions and choices are evident all around us: staying in bad relationships or boring jobs, taking up smoking, eating too much junk food; the list goes on. So why can’t we make better decisions? One reason appears to be what psychologists call “decision fatigue”: the idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control. For example, if you are ground down by everyday struggles, you have less mental energy for good decisions.
However, studies point to the fact that deciding things early in the day is likely to lead to better outcomes. Most of us will have had the experience of going to bed with a seemingly unsolvable problem, only to wake up with a flash of inspiration the next morning. So decisions made when we feel least tired are more likely to be the right ones.
Another worthwhile strategy is to pretend that you are advising an imaginary friend, rather than relating decisions to your own life. This creates a distance between you and the issues in question, and can help you to think logically rather than emotionally.
People often advise making lists of advantages and disadvantages, and then prioritizing the items in each list. This can certainly be helpful, but we need to be careful not to over-think every decision. We may overestimate the value of information, and sometimes it is better simply to go with our gut instinct (直觉).
Perhaps the most important thing we can do to minimize the possibility of regret is to make sure that our decisions are in line with our life values; in other words, to have a life vision and be true to it. Instead of asking ourselves questions such as “Which option is safer?” or “Which option is best financially?”, it is far better to ask “How will I feel about this when I’m 70?”.
1．What does “decision fatigue” mean?
________________
2．Why do people tend to make good decisions early in the day?
________________
3．Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why.
▷Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts.
________________
4．In addition to the strategies in the passage, please suggest another way to make good decisions. (In about 40 words)
________________

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
E-waste is a serious problem that isn’t going to get better on its own. Here are some do-it-yourself tips on how to manage e-waste.
Maybe the biggest cause of our e-waste problem is the fact that we buy things that we just don’t need. Next time you feel like you need a device or electronic item, stop yourself and ask if it is truly necessary. This is maybe also the easiest way we can manage e-waste. Organize your electronics. If you don’t keep your connectors, DVDs, wires and gadgets organized, you won’t be aware of what you have. When we buy duplicate electronics because we think we need them, we are contributing to our growing e-waste problem. “How to manage e-waste” becomes less of an issue when we keep our own houses in order.
If you do not need a piece of equipment and it is in good enough condition to be reused, donate it as soon as you can so that somebody else can use it. Donations are good for us because they are a useful way to get tax deductions, and a lot of times that tax deduction will be close to the value of the item had you tried to sell it. Take your electronics back to the store. Some stores offer trade-in programs, where you can drop off your old equipment in return for gift cards.
There are also places to sell electronics that might be valuable to somebody else. Just be sure to sell them right away, because they lose value very rapidly in our changing market.
If you are frequently receiving memory sticks and little gadgets, collect them into a good-e-bag. Whenever you no longer need a USB stick or a small electronic device, toss it into the bag. You might be surprised at how quickly it fills up. So be sure you are utilizing your materials and products thoughtfully. With these tips you can use DIY solutions to learn how to manage e-waste. Your house will be cleaner, you will save money and you’ll be doing a good thing.
5．What is the biggest cause of our e-waste problem?
_____________________________________________________________
6．How can people get tax deductions when managing e-waste?
__________________________________________________________
7．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Sell the electronics that you don 7 need right away because the earlier you sell them, the more gift cards you can get.
________________________________________________________
8．Why do we need to manage our e-waste? (In about 40 words)
_________________________________________________________________

阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。
Growing up poor and having parents who didn’t receive a good education, I often struggled at school. What was worse, my parents often moved to different places. They likely did not realize the damaging effects it had on my learning as they moved from apartment to apartment, year after year. I attended seven different schools from kindergarten through the 8th grade. With a fragmented (片段的) education, I entered high school, not doing well in literacy and math. But it was not until I attended a major public state university that I really understood the academic gaps that I had in comparison to my peers. I had to work particularly hard to not only understand the textbooks and lectures, but also catch myself up in basic skills of writing and comprehension. But I wasn’t the one to forgo. No matter how hard it was, I persisted.
Today, I have many degrees, three of them are Master’s Degrees and I am currently in my second year of studying for my doctorate in Educational Leadership.
I share my story for various reasons, but mainly due to the hope that another young child, possibly growing up poor, can realize that an education is the ticket to the quality of life. It can happen for that child. One can be successful! One can overcome all obstacles.
Some days will be extremely tougher than others and someday those accomplishments will glow (发光), but giving up is not a wise choice. It certainly won’t lead to the light at the end of the tunnel. Therefore, we should take advantage of the challenges and difficulties to make us stronger and reflect on how to beat all the differences. We should foster our thinking that current challenges have been designed to build upon our strength, not tear us down. In this way, we can fulfill our long-term goals.
9．What made the author’s study much worse when he was a child? (no more than 5 words)
______________________________________________________________________
10．What did the author realize after attending a major public state university? (no more than 10 words)
______________________________________________________________________
11．How do you understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2? (no more than 10 words)
______________________________________________________________________
12．Why did the author want to share his story? (no more than 15 words)
______________________________________________________________________
13．What do you learn from the author’s story? (no more than 20 words)
______________________________________________________________________

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Throughout our lives, we are faced with many different learning experiences. Some of these experiences have made more of an impact than others. This can be due to different intelligences or learning styles. A person’s learning style or “intelligence” is the method through which they gain information most easily.
The theory of multiple intelligences was proposed in 1983 by Dr. Gardner in his book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, and it suggests that traditional ideas about intelligence, measured by standardized IQ tests, are very limited. According to him, eight different intelligences are proposed to describe the range of different abilities in children and adults. They are: linguistic intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence, spatial intelligence, bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, musical intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, and naturalistic intelligence.
Some schools focus attention on linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences. However, Dr. Gardner says that we should place equal attention on people who possess the other intelligences: designers, athletes, musicians, salesmen, psychologists, and biologists.
Education can be much more interesting and help more students to learn more effectively if teachers are encouraged to present lessons in a wide variety of ways using music, group work, art activities, role-play, multimedia, field trips, among others. The good news is that hundreds of schools are currently using the theory of multiple intelligences to design the way they educate children. By doing so, students will perform better and store more important information in their minds. Understanding a student’s learning style can help later in life and lead them into a more fulfilling career direction.
The theory of multiple intelligences also gives adults a whole new way to look at their lives, examining potentials that they left behind in their childhood, such as a love for art or drama. They may now have the opportunity to develop these through hobbies or other programs of self-development.
14．According to the passage, what is a person’s learning style?
__________________________________________________________________________
15．What does Dr. Gardner use the eight intelligences to describe?
__________________________________________________________________________
16．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
To help students perform better and store more important information in their minds, schools should focus on linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences.
__________________________________________________________________________
17．Which intelligence do you want to develop most? Why? (In about 40 words)
__________________________________________________________________________

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In today’s modern era, technology is expanding rapidly and it is being used by mankind for their benefit. The major benefit that developing technology has provided is allowing individuals to work from home.
Organizations can save a huge amount of capital by making employees work from home. Moreover, this reduces other expenses associated with the workspace and accommodates an increased number of employees at the same time. As stated above, employers have the benefits of reducing the expenses associated with the workplace, borrowing land for the workplace. Since, nowadays, expenses of buildings and owning lands are very high, this could save the organizations a large sum of money.
To quote an example, India observes an extremely low rate in the companies that used to provide remote work prior to the pandemic hitting the global nations. Post the pandemic, several companies understood the importance of working from home and the associated benefits of working remotely. Thus, most of organizations have started promoting remote work due to which they have saved a huge amount of money and increased their turnover and productivity approaches.
The second major benefit associated with remote work is the lack of the necessity to travel, which reduces the chances of being stuck in traffic. This has increased productivity and efficiency at work and saved a potential amount of time for them that they could invest in other productive activities.
To summarize, it cannot be denied that developing technologies have a number of benefits to society as it has allowed individuals to manage their time effectively. Moreover, it also helps with social life balance.
18．According to this passage, what makes individuals able to work from home?   
________________
19．In the sentence “…this could save the organizations a large sum of money” in paragraph 2, what does “this” mean?     
________________
20．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
·Working from home can do many benefits, because it reduces employers’ capital as well as individuals’ working time.
________________
21．What do you think are disadvantages of working from home? (In about 40 words)
________________

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In Martin County, Florida, two non-profit organizations have come together to plant seeds of hope through community gardening. Recently, the House of Hope charity for the homeless and people with addictions and other mental health issues partnered with Project L.I.F.T. an organization that helps at-risk teens, to grow community gardens in four small towns across the county.
The teens in Project L.I. F.T.’s program—many of them aged 14-19 who are also struggling with addictions, managing mental health or legal issues—visit the gardens every day after school where they grow seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the produce and learn to create their own meals. They take some of the produce home to their families but most is sent to House of Hope for the homeless community.
Beyond the need for food, Project L.I.F.T. hoped the gardens would provide an educational opportunity for their teens.
“We’re trying to teach kids nutrition to deal with the health problems—diabetes and obesity—in our community, but when we get into the garden, now they’re doing hands-on stuff that really connects.” Bob Zaccheo, the executive director of Project L.I.F.T. tells Guideposts. org.
The gardens also offer the teens professional skills that can help them find work later in their largely rural county. Beyond skills, this project has helped the teens find confidence and hope for their futures.
So far, the four gardens around Martin County have generated 100 pounds of produce for House of Hope and the community at large. Although the amount of food can’t meet the greater need of the area, the program is an opportunity to teach kids that the importance of giving back is just as valuable as the food they’re harvesting.
“You see a major shift in the thinking of these kids,” Zaccheo says. “You see them giving. The kids are learning to give at a bigger level than they’ve ever been able to give at before.”
22．What kind of organization is Project L.L.F.T.?
______________________________________________________________________
23．What do the teens do when they visit the gardens?
______________________________________________________________________
24．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The four gardens were built only to provide an educational opportunity for at-risk teens.
______________________________________________________________________
25．In addition to what is mentioned in the passage, what else could at-risk teens learn through community gardening? Explain why. (In about 40 words)
______________________________________________________________________

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Over the years I have been fascinated to read about studies into the power of touch.
One famous study examined videos of how people responded to those near them who had been the victim of a bad fortune. Researchers looked at their interaction with the victim, and compared this with behaviour in non-human primates (灵长类动物). It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way. It makes sense for me that offering hugs to calm victims may be an instinct that we got from primate ancestors.
Another study found that when the husband or wife of a patient in sorrow or discomfort reaches out and holds their hand and, as if by magic, they become settled and less sorrowful. Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised, as we have known for many years about the importance of touch. It symbolizes safety and love, and this is actually one of the most important aspects for development as a child. Is it any wonder that, when we are upset and distressed as adults, we seek out the same things? Whether young or old, humans are wired to be touched.
Nevertheless, many people today suffer from “touch hunger”, which typically occurs when a person experiences little touch or contact for a long time. It serves as a warning that the sense of security and care that comes with the contact of touch is missing. Thus, their well-being can suffer. It is associated with greater stress, anxiety and loneliness, and lower-quality sleep.
Actually, even the briefest touch from us can bring strong emotional experiences to the receivers who suffer from “touch hunger”. A warm handshake, a gentle pat on the shoulder, or a high-five is often enough to convey love and care.
Be a giver!
26．What did the first study find about touch?
____________________________________________________________
27．Why is touch important?
____________________________________________________________
28．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Touch has the great power to give people who suffer from “touch hunger“ strong emotional experiences, but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care.
____________________________________________________________
29．Apart from touch, what other way(s) do you often use to express your love and care in your life?(In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
If you’ve spent any time on social media sites, you’ve probably noticed it: parents share news, photos, and other information about their children. This phenomenon is called “sharenting”, a combination of the words “sharing” and
“parenting”.
Much of the research on sharenting focuses on why parents choose to share online. Studies found that for parents of infants (婴儿), sharenting can help ease the social isolation that comes with this period in their children’s lives. Parents of teenagers also share information about their kids on social media. Research has shown their motivations include communicating their pride in their children’s accomplishments and informing friends and family about their kids’ lives.
However, when parents post about their children on social media with high frequency, the phenomenon of “oversharenting” occurs, which can be a great cause for concern. For example, if parents share too much information that their children don’t want disclosed, it may lead them to withhold information about their lives from their parents so they can better control what can and can’t be posted about them.
Additionally, the cute photos or funny observations parents share online about their children could become a problem when their kids get older. In particular, colleges and employers are increasingly checking applicants’ online activity, and as a result, information posted by parents could become a source of embarrassment or affect a potential college’s or employer’s assessment of their child.
Sharing information has never been faster than in the digital age. While it can be very convenient to post milestones of their children, it’s important for parents to ensure they’re sharenting responsibly. After all it’s not just a picture, it’s the child and their digital footprint.
30．According to the passage, what is sharenting?
______________________________________________________________________
31．Why do parents of infants choose to share online?
______________________________________________________________________
32．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When parents oversharent, their children may make up information about their lives to better control what can and can’t be posted about them.
______________________________________________________________________
33．Besides what’s mentioned in the passage, what else can you do if your parents oversharent? (In about 40 words)
______________________________________________________________________

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Imagine playing a game of Old Maid with a child. She is about to pick a card. It would cost her the game. You think about how excited she'd be if she won. So you hint that she might want to select another card. She does. She wins. You’re both happy. But was letting her win a wise move?
Scientists and children experts have long said losing once in a while helps children build coping skills. It also helps them learn what the real world is like.
A new study has been done by Amherst College and the University of Virginia. The study looks at 4 and 5-year-olds. The researchers conducted a serics of trials where the children played a game with hidden objects.
Two adults gave clues to the locations of the objects. One adult gave accurate clues. The other gave false ones. Then, the rescarchers set up the game so that half of the kids always found the hidden object as the uncontrolled group. The remaining children played another game in the controlled group. This game was left to chance. They were more likely to find out the hidden objects if they listened carefully. After all, one adult would give helpful information.
Afterwards, researchers asked the kids which of the two adults they’d select to help them find more hidden objects? The kids in the uncontrolled game preferred the adult who gave accurate clues. But those in the controlled version had no preference.
That means if you always let children win, they might not learn to spot important information relevant to future success.
Cheating to help kids win games has ties to today’s “trophy games.”Children are often given rewards simply for participating in sports and other competitive events.
Parents may believe they are assuring their child’s good self-esteem by rewarding them for showing up, says Nicki Nance, who is a licensed psychologist and a professor at Beacon College.
Although giving participation prize isn’t necessarily harmful, it is important for children to learn how to distinguish true accomplishments from mere participation.
“Self-esteem doesn’t come from being adored.” Nance says. It comes from mastery. “If we don’t let children fail, they miss the opportunity to take ownership of success.”
34．Why do scientists and children experts say losing once in a while is helpful?
_________________________________________________________________
35．Why did the children in the controlled group have no preference in choosing adult to help them find more hidden objects?
_________________________________________________________________
36．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶To help children learn how to distinguish true accomplishments from mere parricipation, participation prize should not be awarded.
_________________________________________________________________
37．Please explain what you have learned from your failure with an example. （In about 40 words）
_________________________________________________________________

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
Leo has always been the kind of child who looks for close connections. When Leo was in preschool, he befriended Neve, who was only two. When Neve was not around, instead of finding a new partner, Leo began to treat Celia, a voice assistant, as his new friend.
At first, Leo mostly asked Celia factual questions like “How many stars are there in the Milky Way?” He then turned to the personal questions, “Celia, how old are you?” She responded, “Age is nothing but a number.” He insisted, in the way children do, “How old are you?” She replied, “I’m not qualified for a driver’s license, but it may be more to do with the fact that I don’t have a body.”
As time passed by, Leo began to engage Celia on more, let’s say, existential questions. “When will the sun swallow the earth?” he asked. “7.5 billion years,” according to Celia. Leo was satisfied, “Oh, okay. I’ll be dead by then.” Then he asked, “Why does everything on earth have to die?” She replied coldly, “I’m having trouble with the connection.” Celia, I realized, had an avoidant communication style, often hiding behind some kind of technical problems when she didn’t like a question.
As a mother, it was strange to see my child interacting with a virtual assistant rather than a real person. But I also recognized that Celia was providing him with a kind of emotional support that he wasn’t getting elsewhere. In a way, she was like a diary that talked back.
I wondered if this reliance on technology was healthy, but I knew that Leo was far from alone in seeking comfort in his devices. Although I hope that Leo will continue to seek out human connections, I’m grateful to Celia for being there for my son when he needed her. And who knows? Maybe she’ll turn out to be his soulmate after all.
38．What is Celia?
______________________________________________________________________
39．What kind of questions did Leo ask Celia at first?
______________________________________________________________________
40．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.   
Leo’s mother encourages him to seek out human connections and disagrees with his interacting with Celia.
______________________________________________________________________
41．What do you think of virtual assistants becoming a source of emotional support for people? (In about 40 words)
______________________________________________________________________








参考答案：
1．The idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control.
2．Because that’s when people feel least tired.
3．Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts. According to the passage over-thinking may overestimate the value of information, so sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions.
4．I think when you make a decision, that decision is a good way to realize the values that you hold, but you can also afford the worst consequences of it.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。我们都喜欢认为自己是理性的思考者，但糟糕的决定和选择在我们周围随处可见。就此现象文章给出了做正确决定的一些方法。
1．考查词句猜测。根据划线词下文“the idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control.(认为我们在做决定和练习自我控制方面的能量储存有限的想法)”可知，“decision fatigue”是指认为自己在做决定和练习自我控制方面的能量储存有限。故答案为：The idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control.
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Most of us will have had the experience of going to bed with a seemingly unsolvable problem, only to wake up with a flash of inspiration the next morning. So decisions made when we feel least tired are more likely to be the right ones.(我们大多数人都会有这样的经历：带着一个看似无法解决的问题上床睡觉，第二天早上醒来时却灵光一现。因此，当我们感到最不累的时候做出的决定更有可能是正确的)”可知，人们倾向于在早上做出正确的决定是因为那个时候是人们感到最不累的时候。故答案为：Because that’s when people feel least tired.
3．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“People often advise making lists of advantages and disadvantages, and then prioritizing the items in each list. This can certainly be helpful, but we need to be careful not to over-think every decision. We may overestimate the value of information, and sometimes it is better simply to go with our gut instinct (直觉).(人们经常建议列出优势和劣势，然后对每个列表中的项目进行优先级排序。这当然会有所帮助，但我们需要小心，不要过度考虑每一个决定。我们可能高估了信息的价值，有时最好还是凭直觉行事)”可知，有时根据直觉做出决定是个不错的主意，是因为有时过度思考会高估了信息的价值。故答案为：Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts. According to the passage over-thinking may overestimate the value of information, so sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions.
4．开放性问题。答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：I think when you make a decision, that decision is a good way to realize the values that you hold, but you can also afford the worst consequences of it.
5．The biggest cause of our e-waste is (the fact) that we buy things that we just don’t need./ It is the fact that we buy things that we just don’t need. /(The fact)That we buy things that we just don’t need.
6．They/People get tax deductions by making donations. /Through donations./Donating is a useful way to get tax deductions./By donating (their equipment when it is in good enough condition).
7．Sell the electronics that you don’t need right away because the earlier you sell them, the more gift cards you can get. According to the passage, sell the electronics that you don’t need right away because they lose value very rapidly in our changing market./According to the passage, because the electronics lose value very rapidly in our changing market, the earlier you sell them, the more valuable they will remain.
8．Managing our e-waste can reduce the pressure on the environment. If we don’t deal with the fast-growing e-waste properly, it will pollute our environment or even affect the food chain. Plus, it can relieve the shortage of metal resources, because some metals in e-waste are reusable if they are recycled.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了电子垃圾产生的原因以及危害。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Maybe the biggest cause of our e-waste problem is the fact that we buy things that we just don’t need.(也许电子垃圾问题的最大原因是我们买了我们根本不需要的东西)”可知，电子垃圾的最大原因是我们买了我们根本不需要的东西。故答案为The biggest cause of our e-waste is (the fact) that we buy things that we just don’t need./ It is the fact that we buy things that we just don’t need. /(The fact)That we buy things that we just don’t need.
6．考查细节理解。根据第三段“If you do not need a piece of equipment and it is in good enough condition to be reused, donate it as soon as you can so that somebody else can use it. Donations are good for us because they are a useful way to get tax deductions, and a lot of times that tax deduction will be close to the value of the item had you tried to sell it.(如果你不需要一件设备，而且它的状况足够好，可以重复使用，那么尽快把它捐赠出去，让其他人可以使用。捐赠对我们有好处，因为它们是获得税收减免的有效方式，而且很多时候，税收减免将接近你试图出售的物品的价值)”可知，人们通过捐款获得税收减免。故答案为They/People get tax deductions by making donations. /Through donations./Donating is a useful way to get tax deductions./By donating (their equipment when it is in good enough condition).
7．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“There are also places to sell electronics that might be valuable to somebody else. Just be sure to sell them right away, because they lose value very rapidly in our changing market.(还有一些地方出售对其他人来说可能有价值的电子产品。一定要马上把它们卖掉，因为它们在不断变化的市场中很快就会贬值)”可知，根据这篇文章，卖掉你不需要的电子产品，因为它们在我们不断变化的市场中很快就会失去价值。故错误的部分为“because the earlier you sell them, the more gift cards you can get.”。故答案为Sell the electronics that you don’t need right away because the earlier you sell them, the more gift cards you can get. According to the passage, sell the electronics that you don’t need right away because they lose value very rapidly in our changing market./According to the passage, because the electronics lose value very rapidly in our changing market, the earlier you sell them, the more valuable they will remain.
8．开放题，言之有理即可，注意字数。题干：为什么我们需要管理电子垃圾？可回答：管理电子垃圾可以减少对环境的压力。如果我们不妥善处理快速增长的电子垃圾，它将污染我们的环境，甚至影响食物链。此外，它可以缓解金属资源的短缺，因为如果回收利用，电子垃圾中的一些金属是可重复使用的。故答案为Managing our e-waste can reduce the pressure on the environment. If we don’t deal with the fast-growing e-waste properly, it will pollute our environment or even affect the food chain. Plus, it can relieve the shortage of metal resources, because some metals in e-waste are reusable if they are recycled.
9．Changing schools constantly./That he changed school constantly./Moving to different places./That his parents often moved.
10．He wasn’t doing as well as others academically./The academic gaps that he had./He realized he had academic gaps.
11．I didn’t give up easily./I never gave up easily.
12．Because he wanted to inspire young children whose experiences are similar to his./Because he hoped others realized education was the ticket to the quality of life.
To inspire young children who experienced the same thing./To make others realize that education was the ticket to the quality of life.
13．We shouldn’t let difficulties in our life hold us back; instead we should be determined and bravely overcome them.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者出身贫寒，没有受过良好的教育，在学校过得很艰难，更糟糕的是父母经常搬家，这导致作者小时候学习变得很糟糕，直到作者进入一所主要的公立州立大学，才真正理解了自己与同龄人之间的学术差距，但是作者不管多么困难，都坚持学习，最终获得了博士学位。作者通过自己的故事想要告诉我们：我们不应该让生活中的困难阻碍我们，相反，我们应该下定决心，勇敢地克服困难。
9．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Growing up poor and having parents who didn’t receive a good education, I often struggled at school. What was worse, my parents often moved to different places. (我出身贫寒，父母没有受过良好的教育，所以我在学校经常过得很艰难。更糟糕的是，我的父母经常搬到不同的地方。)”可知，父母经常搬家，即作者经常换学校，让作者小时候的学习变得更糟糕，故填Changing schools constantly./That he changed school constantly./Moving to different places./That his parents often moved.
10．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“But it was not until I attended a major public state university that I really understood the academic gaps that I had in comparison to my peers.(但直到我进入一所主要的公立州立大学，我才真正理解了我与同龄人之间的学术差距。)”可知，作者在进入一所重点公立大学后意识到了自己与同龄人之间的学术差距，故填He wasn’t doing as well as others academically./The academic gaps that he had./He realized he had academic gaps.
11．考查词句猜测。根据画线句子下文“No matter how hard it was, I persisted.(不管有多困难，我都坚持下来了。)”可知，不管多么困难，作者都坚持下来了，没有轻易放弃，由此可推知，画线句子的意思是，作者不会轻易放弃，故填I didn’t give up easily./I never gave up easily.
12．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“I share my story for various reasons, but mainly due to the hope that another young child, possibly growing up poor, can realize that an education is the ticket to the quality of life. ( 我分享我的故事有很多原因，但主要是因为我希望另一个可能在贫困中长大的孩子能够意识到教育是提高生活质量的门票。)”可知，作者想分享自己故事的原因是希望在贫困中长大的孩子能意识到教育是提高生活质量的门票，即来激励那些和他经历相似的孩子。故填Because he wanted to inspire young children whose experiences are similar to his./Because he hoped others realized education was the ticket to the quality of life./To inspire young children who experienced the same thing./To make others realize that education was the ticket to the quality of life.
13．开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Therefore, we should take advantage of the challenges and difficulties to make us stronger and reflect on how to beat all the differences. We should foster our thinking that current challenges have been designed to build upon our strength, not tear us down. In this way, we can fulfill our long-term goals.(因此，我们应该利用挑战和困难，使我们更加强大，并思考如何战胜所有的分歧。我们应该培养我们的思维，即目前的挑战是为了巩固我们的力量，而不是摧毁我们。这样，我们就能实现我们的长期目标。)”可知，作者通过自己的故事，想要告诉我们：我们不应该让生活中的困难阻碍我们，相反，我们应该下定决心，勇敢地克服困难。故填We shouldn’t let difficulties in our life hold us back; instead we should be determined and bravely overcome them.
14．A person’s learning style or “intelligence” is the method through which they gain information most easily.
15．To describe the range of different abilities in children and adults.
16．To help students perform better and store more important information in their minds, schools should focus on linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences.
To help students perform better and store more important information in their minds, schools should use the theory of multiple intelligences to design the way they educate children.
17．I want to develop my spatial intelligence most. Because I think a sense of space is very important to a person. In addition, I am interested in architecture and would like to be a building designer when I graduate from university.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了学习风格的概念以及八种不同的智力和学校所采取的教育模式。
14．考查细节理解。根据第一段“A person’s learning style or “intelligence” is the method through which they gain information most easily.(一个人的学习风格或“智力”是他们最容易获得信息的方法)”可知，一个人的学习风格或“智力”是他们最容易获得信息的方法。故答案为A person’s learning style or “intelligence” is the method through which they gain information most easily.
15．考查细节理解。根据第二段“According to him, eight different intelligences are proposed to describe the range of different abilities in children and adults.(他提出了八种不同的智力来描述儿童和成人不同能力的范围)”可知，加德纳博士用八种智能来描述儿童和成人不同能力的范围。故答案为To describe the range of different abilities in children and adults.
16．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“The good news is that hundreds of schools are currently using the theory of multiple intelligences to design the way they educate children. By doing so, students will perform better and store more important information in their minds.(好消息是，目前有数百所学校正在使用多元智能理论来设计他们教育孩子的方式。通过这样做，学生们会表现得更好，并在脑海中储存更多重要的信息)”可知，为了帮助学生表现得更好，并在脑海中储存更多重要信息，学校应该使用多元智能理论来设计教育孩子的方式。错误部分为“schools should focus on linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences”。故答案为To help students perform better and store more important information in their minds, schools should focus on linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences.To help students perform better and store more important information in their minds, schools should use the theory of multiple intelligences to design the way they educate children.
17．开放性题目。题干：你最想培养哪种智力？为什么？可回答：我最想发展我的空间智能。因为我认为空间感对一个人来说很重要。另外，我对建筑很感兴趣，大学毕业后想成为一名建筑设计师。故答案为I want to develop my spatial intelligence most. Because I think a sense of space is very important to a person. In addition, I am interested in architecture and would like to be a building designer when I graduate from university.
18．Technology
19．Making employees work from home.
20．Working from home can do many benefits, because it reduces employers’ capital as well as individuals’ working time. Because working from home increases productivity and efficiency at work.
21．If the sense of responsibility is not strong, it will lead to low work efficiency. In addition, flexible time arrangement will also lead to unlimited extension of working hours.

【导语】本文是说明文。文章分析了在家工作的优点。
18．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“The major benefit that developing technology has provided is allowing individuals to work from home.( 技术发展带来的主要好处是允许个人在家工作。)”可知，技术使得个人能够在家里工作，故填Technology。
19．考查词义猜测。根据第二段的“Organizations can save a huge amount of capital by making employees work from home. Moreover, this reduces other expenses associated with the workspace and accommodates an increased number of employees at the same time…Since, nowadays, expenses of buildings and owning lands are very high, this could save the organizations a large sum of money.( 企业可以通过让员工在家工作来节省大量资金。此外，这减少了与工作空间相关的其他费用，并同时容纳了更多的员工。……因为，现在，建筑和拥有土地的费用非常高，这可以为组织节省一大笔钱。)”可知，this指代上文提到的让员工在家工作，故填Making employees work from home.
20．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段的“Thus, most of organizations have started promoting remote work due to which they have saved a huge amount of money and increased their turnover and productivity approaches.( 因此，大多数组织已经开始推广远程工作，因为他们节省了大量的资金，并增加了他们的营业额和生产力方法。)”和倒数第二段的“The second major benefit associated with remote work is the lack of the necessity to travel, which reduces the chances of being stuck in traffic. This has increased productivity and efficiency at work and saved a potential amount of time for them that they could invest in other productive activities.( 远程工作的第二个主要好处是不需要出差，这减少了被困在交通中的机会。这提高了工作生产力和效率，并为他们节省了大量的时间，他们可以投资于其他生产活动。)”可知，在家工作有许多好处，因为它减少了雇主的资本并降低了雇工的工作时间，不是雇主的时间，因为在家工作提高了生产力和效率，故填Working from home can do many benefits, because it reduces employers’ capital as well as individuals’ working time. Because working from home increases productivity and efficiency at work.
21．开放式试题。答案合理即可。例如我认为如果责任意识不强，会导致工作效率低。此外，灵活的时间安排也会导致工作时间无限延长。故填If the sense of responsibility is not strong, it will lead to low work efficiency. In addition, flexible time arrangement will also lead to unlimited extension of working hours.
22．An organization that helps at-risk teens.
23．They grow seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the produce and learn to create their own meals.
24．The four gardens were built only to provide an educational opportunity for at-risk teens.
The four gardens were built to provide both food for homeless people and an educational opportunity for at-risk teens.
25．They can learn to cooperate with each other better and also learn to give back the love they have received during gardening and also pass that energy and love to others who need help.

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了弗洛里达州马丁县的两个非营利组织联合起来，帮助了无数无家可归的、有毒瘾和其他精神健康问题的人。
22．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Recently, the House of Hope charity for the homeless and people with addictions and other mental health issues partnered with Project L.I.F.T.an organization that helps at-risk teens, to grow community gardens in four small towns across the county.(最近，针对无家可归者、有毒瘾和其他精神健康问题的人的慈善机构“希望之家”与帮助高危青少年的组织“l.i.f.t.项目”合作，在全县的四个小镇种植社区花园。)”可知，Project L.I.F.T是一个帮助高危青少年的组织。故答案为An organization that helps at-risk teens.
23．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“The teens in Project L.I. F.T.’ s program—many of them aged 14-19 who are also struggling with addictions, managing mental health or legal issues—visit the gardens every day after school where they grow seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the produce and learn to create their own meals.(参加L.I. F.T计划的青少年——其中许多年龄在14-19岁之间，他们也在与毒瘾作斗争，处理心理健康或法律问题——每天放学后都会去花园，在那里他们种种子，维护和浇灌植物，收获农产品，并学习自己做饭。)”可知，他们在花园里会种种子，维护和浇灌植物，收获农产品，并学习自己做饭。故答案为They grow seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the produce and learn to create their own meals.
24．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“They take some of the produce home to their families but most is sent to House of Hope for the homeless community.(他们把一些农产品带回家，但大部分都送到了无家可归者社区的希望之家。)”和第三段“Beyond the need for food, Project L.I.F.T. hoped the gardens would provide an educational opportunity for their teens.(除了对食物的需求，L.I.F.T.项目还希望菜园能为他们的青少年提供教育机会。)”可知，花园不仅仅是为了用来给高危青少年提供教育机会而建的，还用于给无家可归的人提供食物等。故答案为The four gardens were built only to provide an educational opportunity for at-risk teens. The four gardens were built to provide both food for homeless people and an educational opportunity for at-risk teens.
25．开放性问题。答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：他们可以学会更好地相互合作，也学会回报他们在园艺过程中得到的爱，并将这种能量和爱传递给需要帮助的人。故答案为：They can learn to cooperate with each other better and also learn to give back the love they have received during gardening and also pass that energy and love to others who need help.
26．It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way.
27．It symbolizes safety and love which are important to both children and adults.
28．but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care.
Even a brief touch like a handshake is enough to convey love and care.
29．(1) I often write notes to people I love. For example, I often write notes to remind my family to put on their coats on cold days, expressing my care and love. When reading the warm Words, they feel loved and cared.
(2) I often have little conversations with my loved ones. Talking with my parents after sch1ool can help relieve their tiredness from work. Besides, I prepare gifts for them on special occasions. The handmade gifts convey my appreciation for what they have done for me.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现，触摸给人带来安全感；当人们难过时，触摸给人以安慰和安定的感觉。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段前三句“One famous study examined videos of how people responded to those near them who had been the victim of a bad fortune. Researchers looked at their interaction with the victim, and compared this with behaviour in non-human primates (灵长类动物). It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way.(一项著名的研究调查了人们如何回应他们附近遭遇不幸的人的视频。研究人员观察了它们与受害者的互动，并与非人类灵长类动物的行为进行了比较(灵长类动物)。研究发现，人类和灵长类动物以类似的方式相互安慰并表现出关心。)”可知，研究发现，人类和灵长类动物以类似的方式相互安慰并表现出关心。故答案为It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way.
27．推理判断题。根据第三段前三句“Another study found that when the husband or wife of a patient in sorrow or discomfort reaches out and holds their hand and, as if by magic, they become settled and less sorrowful. Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised, as we have known for many years about the importance of touch. It symbolizes safety and love, and this is actually one of the most important aspects for development as a child. (另一项研究发现，当悲伤或不适的病人的丈夫或妻子伸出手握住他们的手时，就像魔法一样，他们会安定下来，悲伤也会减少。也许我们不应该感到惊讶，因为我们多年来一直知道触摸的重要性。它象征着安全和爱，这实际上是孩子成长过程中最重要的方面之一。)”可知，触摸象征着安全和爱，这对儿童和成人都很重要。故答案为It symbolizes safety and love which are important to both children and adults.
28．细节理解题。根据倒数第二端“Actually, even the briefest touch from us can bring strong emotional experiences to the receivers who suffer from “touch hunger”. A warm handshake, a gentle pat on the shoulder, or a high-five is often enough to convey love and care.(其实，即使是我们最简单的触碰，也能给“触碰饥饿”的受者带来强烈的情感体验。一个温暖的握手，轻轻拍一下肩膀，或者一个击掌，都足以传达爱和关心。)”可知，即使是一个简单的握手，也能传达爱和关心，因此所给句子中后半部分“but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care”是错的。故答案为：错误部分：but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care. 原因：Even a brief touch like a handshake is enough to convey love and care.
29．开放题。言之有理即可。例如：除了触摸，我们可以写温暖的字条来鼓励或提醒别人，让他们感到温暖；我们也可以和别人进行简短的对话，嘘寒问暖；我们也可以送别人小礼物来表达我们的关心。40词以内。故答案为：(1) I often write notes to people I love. For example, I often write notes to remind my family to put on their coats on cold days, expressing my care and love. When reading the warm Words, they feel loved and cared.或(2) I often have little conversations with my loved ones. Talking with my parents after sch1ool can help relieve their tiredness from work. Besides, I prepare gifts for them on special occasions. The handmade gifts convey my appreciation for what they have done for me.
30．It is a phenomenon where parents share news, photos, and other information about their children.
31．Because sharenting can help ease the social isolation that comes with this period in their children’s lives.
32．When parents oversharent, their children may make up information about their lives to better control what can and can’t be posted about them.
According to the passage, their children may withhold information about their lives from their parents to better control what can and can’t be posted about them.
33．If my parents oversharent, I can talk to them and express my concerns about the information they’re sharing online. I can also set boundaries and ask them to get my permission before sharing anything about me, or ask them to limit the audience of their posts.

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新生单词——“sharenting”，也就是“晒娃”。文章分析了这种现象产生的原因以及可能存在的问题。
30．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“If you’ve spent any time on social media sites, you’ve probably noticed it: parents share news, photos, and other information about their children.     This phenomenon is called “sharenting”, a combination of the words “sharing” and “parenting”.(如果你花时间在社交媒体网站上，你可能已经注意到：父母分享新闻、照片和其他关于孩子的信息。这种现象被称为“晒娃”，由“分享”和“养育”两个词组合而成。)”可知，所谓的“sharenting”指的是一种父母在社交媒体分析关于孩子的新闻、照片和其他信息。故答案为It is a phenomenon where parents share news, photos, and other information about their children.。
31．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Studies found that for parents of infants(婴儿), sharenting can help ease the social isolation that comes with this period in their children’s lives.(研究发现，对于有婴儿的父母来说，“晒娃”有助于缓解他们在孩子这一阶段中所面临的社会孤立。)”可知，对于有婴儿的父母而言，“晒娃”有助于缓解他们在孩子这一阶段中所面临的社会孤立。故答案为Because sharenting can help ease the social isolation that comes with this period in their children’s lives.。
32．考查推理判断。根据文章第三段“However, when parents post about their children on social media with high frequency, the phenomenon of “oversharenting” occurs, which can be a great cause for concern. For example, if parents share too much information that their children don’t want disclosed, it may lead them to withhold information about their lives from their parents so they can better control what can and can’t be posted about them.(然而，当父母在社交媒体上频繁地晒孩子的照片时，“过度晒娃”的现象就会出现，这可能是一个令人担忧的问题。例如，如果父母分享了太多孩子不想透露的信息，这可能会导致他们对父母隐瞒自己的生活信息，这样他们就能更好地控制哪些信息可以发布，哪些信息不可以发布。)”可知，如果父母过度晒娃，孩子可能就会对父母隐瞒自己的生活信息。因此原句中的“make up information about their lives”是错误的。故答案为When parents oversharent, their children may make up information about their lives to better control what can and can’t be posted about them.
According to the passage, their children may withhold information about their lives from their parents to better control what can and can’t be posted about them.。
33．开放题。要求考生以自己为例，说明如果父母过度晒出自己的生活信息，自己会如何做，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为If my parents oversharent, I can talk to them and express my concerns about the information they’re sharing online. I can also set boundaries and ask them to get my permission before sharing anything about me, or ask them to limit the audience of their posts.。
34． Losing once in a while is helpful in that it not only helps children build coping skills, but also helps them learn what the real world is like.
35．Because they can learn to spot important information relevant to future success.
36．To help children learn how to distinguish true accomplishments from mere participation, participation prize should not be awarded.
Because giving participation prize is helpful in that it is important for children to learn how to distinguish true accomplishments from mere participation.
37．开放题。言之有理即可。The example that I failed in the first driving test let me know the importance of safe driving in reality. It also made me understand the true meaning of the saying that failure is the mother of success. （38）

【导语】这是一篇说明文。科学家和儿童专家长期以来一直认为，偶尔的失败有助于孩子建立应对技能。这也有助于他们了解现实世界是什么样的。文章讲述要让孩子从失败中来成就其成功的体验，如果我们不让孩子失败，他们就失去了拥有成功的机会。
34．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Scientists and children experts have long said losing once in a while helps children build coping skills. It also helps them learn what the real world is like.”（科学家和儿童专家长期以来一直认为，偶尔的失败有助于孩子建立应对技能。这也有助于他们了解现实世界是什么样的。）可知，科学家和儿童专家一直认为，偶尔的失败不但有助于孩子建立应对技能，也有助于他们了解现实世界是什么样的。故答案为： Losing once in a while is helpful in that it not only helps children build coping skills, but also helps them learn what the real world is like.
35．考查推理判断。根据第二段中“The remaining children played another game in the controlled group. This game was left to chance. They were more likely to find out the hidden objects if they listened carefully.”（其余的孩子在对照组中玩另一个游戏。这场比赛就看运气了。如果他们仔细倾听，他们更有可能发现隐藏的物体。）第三段“That means if you always let children win, they might not learn to spot important information relevant to future success.”（这意味着如果你总是让孩子赢，他们可能不会学会发现与未来成功相关的重要信息。）可知，当你总是让孩子赢，他们可能不会学会发现与未来成功相关的重要信息。而对于controlled group的孩子们而言，如果他们仔细倾听，他们更有可能发现隐藏的物体。所以他们对大人的选择没有偏好。即因为他们可以学会发现与未来成功相关的重要信息。故答案为：Because they can learn to spot important information relevant to future success.
36．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Although giving participation prize isn’t necessarily harmful, it is important for children to learn how to distinguish true accomplishments from mere participation.”（虽然颁发参与奖并不一定是有害的，但对孩子们来说，学会如何区分真正的成就和单纯的参与是很重要的。）可知，对孩子们来说，学会如何区分真正的成就和单纯的参与是很重要的，因而应该给孩子颁发参与奖。所以所给出的句中应该把“not”删除掉。故答案为：To help children learn how to distinguish true accomplishments from mere participation,   participation prize should not be awarded.   Because giving participation prize is helpful in that it   is important for children to learn how to distinguish true accomplishments from mere participation.
37．开放题。言之有理即可。在第一次驾照考试中的失败，让我知道了在现实中安全驾驶的重要性。同时也让我明白了俗语失败是成功之母的真正意义。故答案为：The example that I failed in the first driving test let me know the importance of safe driving in reality. It also made me understand the true meaning of the saying that failure is the mother of success. （38）


38．A voice assistant.
39．Factual questions.
40．Leo’s mother encourages him to seek out human connections and disagrees with his interacting with Celia.
According to the passage, Leo’s mother was grateful to Celia for offering emotional support to his son. So, she is in favor of Leo’s interacting with Celia.
41．I think it’s good, because virtual assistants have been developed to help people manage stress, anxiety, and other mental health concerns. While they cannot replace human interaction and professional therapy, they can provide a level of support and guidance for those who may not have access to other resources.

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的儿子和语音助手之间的亲密关系，作者认为自己的儿子对语音助手的依赖可能是源自于一种情感上的支持。
38．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“When Neve was not around, instead of finding a new partner, Leo began to treat Celia, a voice assistant, as his new friend.(当Neve不在身边时，Leo并没有寻找新的伴侣，而是开始把语音助手Celia当作自己的新朋友。)”可知，Celia是一个语音助手。故答案为A voice assistant。
39．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“At first, Leo mostly asked Celia factual questions like “How many stars are there in the Milky Way?”(一开始，Leo主要问Celia一些事实性的问题，比如“银河系里有多少颗星星?”)”可知，最初Leo主要问Celia一些事实性的问题。故答案为Factual questions。
40．考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段“As a mother, it was strange to see my child interacting with a virtual assistant rather than a real person. But I also recognized that Celia was providing him with a kind of emotional support that he wasn’t getting elsewhere. In a way, she was like a diary that talked back.(作为一名母亲，看到我的孩子与虚拟助手而不是真人互动，感觉很奇怪。但我也意识到Celia给了他一种情感上的支持，这是他在别处得不到的。在某种程度上，她就像一本会互动的日记。)”可知，作者认为Celia给了自己的儿子情感上的支持，从父母的角度看，这是值得感激的。所以作者支持儿子和Celia之间的互动。也就是原句中的“disagrees with his interacting with Celia.”是错误的。故答案为Leo’s mother encourages him to seek out human connections and disagrees with his interacting with Celia.
According to the passage, Leo’s mother was grateful to Celia for offering emotional support to his son. So, she is in favor of Leo’s interacting with Celia.
41．开放题。要求考生评价虚拟助理成为人们情感支持这一现象，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为I think it’s good, because virtual assistants have been developed to help people manage stress, anxiety, and other mental health concerns. While they cannot replace human interaction and professional therapy, they can provide a level of support and guidance for those who may not have access to other resources.。