高考英语阅读表达专项训练

这是一份高考英语阅读表达专项训练，共53页。

阅读表达
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
You can learn a lot sitting in a parking lot. The other day I was sitting in my car with my sons reading a book while my daughter finished grocery shopping. From time to time, I would look up and observe what was going on outside. One of those times I saw a huge, new, bright red, Cadillac SUV pull up in the parking spot beside me. Out of it stepped a well-dressed young woman in high heels. Her face was tight and determined and her eyes hidden behind sunglasses. I watched her as she headed for the store and wondered about her life.
A moment later a 30-year-old station wagon pulled up beside the SUV. It smelled of burning oil and probably didn’t have many months of life left in its engine. Out of it stepped a young mom with 4 little girls all under the age of 12. All were dressed in worn clothes. She gathered them together and they headed to the store laughing and talking all the way.
A while later I saw the Cadillac lady coming out, pushing a cart filled with a new television set. She threw it in the back and pulled out quickly, her eyes still hidden, her face still frowning. Fifteen minutes after her the station wagon mom emerged with her little girls. They had a week’s worth of groceries in their cart. After unloading it, the mom took out two pieces of cookies, broke both in half, and gave each girl a half of cookie. They smiled like it was the most priceless gift in the world. As they pulled out I thought about the two women. I clearly knew which one had the most money, but I wasn’t sure which one really had the most.
In this life there are many kinds of riches but the most valuable one of all is love. The truth is the one who loves the most: learns the most, lives the most, gives the most, and grows the most in this life. It is the real riches of this life.
1．What was the station wagon like? (no more than 5 words)
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2．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean? (1 word)
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3．What caused the author to think about the real riches? (no more than 15 words)
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4．What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the text? (no more than 10 words)
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5．What are the real riches in your life? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
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阅读下面短文,并根据题目要求用英语回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。
“Mom, look at this LEGO Star Wars set,” my eight-year-old son Nathan said. “Can I get it for my birthday?” I looked at the LEGO set in question.
“Nathan, this isn’t just a regular LEGO set. It’s an Advent calendar(降临历).” Seeing his questioning look, I explained, “An Advent calendar counts down the days until Christmas. Starting on December 1st, you open one box each day, and each box contains one small LEGO toy.”
“I want this really badly, Mom. Can I get it for my birthday?”
“Yes, but here’s the problem with that. It’s August right now, and your birthday is in September. If we bought this for your birthday, you couldn’t start opening the toys until December 1st. That would be a long time for you before playing with a new toy. Are you sure you want it?” He thought for a minute and said, “Yes, Mom, I really want that Advent calendar.” So we bought the calendar.
On Nathan’s birthday in mid-September, he received many presents, including the Advent calendar. He seemed as surprised and pleased with it as he did with other gifts that were actually a surprise. And then he started to open it.
“Remember that’s an Advent calendar. So we can’t open it yet.” His shoulders slumped(垂下来). “Oh, yeah, that’s right,” he said unwillingly.
We put the box in his closet. I hoped he’d forget about it, but that was wishful thinking.
“How many more days should I wait until I can start opening the toys in the calendar?” he asked the day after his birthday. I gave him a pocket calendar, and we counted how many days there were until December 1st.
After waiting for so long, it was December 1st finally. Nathan’s hands were practically shaking as he opened that first box. “I’m so glad I waited, Mom,” he told me.
People say that Christmas starts earlier and earlier every year. I know these complaints are about the over-commercialization of the holiday, and I see their point. But this year, Christmas came to our house very early, and it was so much fun.
6．What is an Advent calendar used to do? (no more than 10 words)
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7．Why was the author unwilling to buy the Advent calendar for Nathan at first? (no more than 12 words)
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8．How can we understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 7? (no more than 8 words)
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9．Why do people say Christmas starts earlier and earlier? (no more than 10 words)
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10．What do you think of Nathan’s birthday present? Why? (no more than 20 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Ghanim Al-Muftah, 2022 Qatar World Cup Ambassador(大使), was born on May 5, 2002, with a rare condition known as Caudal Regression Syndrome, which causes its patients to be born without the lower half of the body.
Naturally, one would expect him to use a wheelchair, but he insists on moving around on his hands because he believes that he should make use of everything with which he is blessed rather than focus on what he doesn’t have.
While Ghanim was growing up, he found it difficult to attend school initially because his classmates played jokes on him. Nevertheless, his mom encouraged him to speak to these classmates, teach them about his condition, and raise awareness for the community. Ghanim has gone further at accepting his condition.
Ghanim has overcome all kinds of difficulties in his life, yet, there is still one issue Ghanim must continually deal with-many medical treatments and surgery. Despite these routine medical treatments, he knows that with faith, commitment and hard work he will be free to accomplish his ambitions. Ghanim refused to let his condition stop his thirst for life and took on various sports-tackling everything from scuba diving, rock climbing to skateboarding. It is this exemplary take and attitudes towards life that have earned him the love, respect, and admiration of millions of people in Qatar and across the globe.
Currently in university studying political science, Al Muftah hopes to become a diplomat one day. He is also a major social media star, with millions of followers on social media. And he spoke about his future ambitions on the university’s website, saying, “I hope to help raise public awareness on disability rights; foster respect for disabled persons and through the process promote more inclusive and tolerant societies.”
11．Why does Ghanim insist on walking with his hands instead of using a wheelchair?
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12．What problem does Ghanim have to handle continually?
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13．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Ghanim believes he will accomplish his ambitions through taking on a range of sports and speaking out on social media.
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14．While Ghanim has earned respect of people across the globe, how do you earn respect of people around you? (In about 40 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The other day I was having coffee and catching up with Brian, a friend I hadn’t seen in over a year, when he asked me this question: “Do you regret leaving Google?” “Of course, I don’t regret it,” I answered. But when I reflected more deeply on his question, I arrived at this realization: We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life.
Truth is, not every decision we make will be the right choice for us. I learned later that quitting my one and only source of income to start an e-commerce business from nothing was a recipe for financial disaster. No, that decision was not the right one at the time. Perhaps I should’ve followed the advice I give today: Build your business while working a full-time job so that you can work from a place of stability. But then again, I wouldn’t have learned such a valuable lesson had I not acted upon what was truly important to me at the time—the freedom of pursuing my own dream, on my own terms.
We regret what’s in the past and can’t be changed. We compare the choices we made yesterday to an ideal path that we think we should have taken—we simply imagine it to be a better path. What is worse is when stuck in regret, we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.
There’s a much better way to look at regret—a more mindful way—and it can be seen at a place where action, reflection, and gratitude meet.
So whenever you find yourself caught in regret, stop and ask yourself these two questions: “What have I learned from this? And how have I grown because of it?” Perhaps you might just shift your viewpoint from that of being upset and regretful to being appreciative and grateful.
15．What did Brian’s question make the writer realize?
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16．List the two words the author uses to describe the viewpoint people should take when facing regret.   
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17．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed.
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18．What has been your biggest regret during your high school life? What have you learned from this? (In about 40 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Crystal breathed in the sweet January air. It was a cold, sunny day. Sunlight shone between the branches and fell onto the street.
It was so quiet, this neighborhood. Wandering down the road at a leisurely pace, Crystal noticed an open curtain in the window of one neighbor. They were busily typing on their home network. Remote workers, obviously.
Crystal’s glance shifted to a kid who had just come home from school. He looked down to the cell phone in his hand.
“Hey，kid!” Crystal waved.
The boy didn’t raise head, some game keeping his attention.
Crystal sighed and closed her eyes. It took her back to when she was a little girl back in the late 1980s. Neighbors knew each other by name then. Crystal’s best friend Anne was the next door neighbor. They often played for hours using imaginary names for far-off places, pretending to be or do something they hoped someday they could be or do.
Nowadays, to pretend to be somewhere else, you could just click on some random program for a virtual reality video of Italy or Australia, and your wish was instantly satisfied. You could do that alone. And if you needed a person to chat with, you could pick a random person in your interest group online.
“You don’t need neighbors anymore,” Crystal commented to herself.
And yet, there is so much that can be missed for the simpler times. Those who grow up not knowing the invisible person-to-person simplicity of being a good neighbor, have missed an entire piece in their maturity. It’s not about personal space. It’s about being there for another person. How could a metal chip replace a life? Crystal could never understand.
As she turned onto her home sidewalk, she noticed a little girl about 5 years old looking confused and afraid. There was no coat on her thin arms. Must be some neighbor’s girl. Crystal was very concerned. W here were her parents?
“Are you alright, honey?” Crystal asked.
19．Why did the boy give no response to Crystal?
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20．What did Crystal do with her next door neighbor in her childhood?
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21．Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why.
▶Crystal believed that technology advanced and the relationship with neighbors mattered less than before.
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22．What do you think the relationship between neighbors should be like nowadays?(In about 40 words)
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阅读表达
Do you scan yourself in your early 20s already dressed in a smart suit as well as using a company phone? Currently more and more young people have been looking for internships (实习生职位) rather than Saturday jobs. But should people be expected to do a proper job at all while they’re still young?
For many, weekend or evening work is a rite of passage that may involve cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut.
Plentiful teenagers or students aren’t impressive in holding down a part-time job. But it’s a opportunity to try to experience the world of work and take a crucial first step into adulthood.
But the number of young people doing a Saturday job has decreased by a half in 15 years, according to the UK Commission for Employment and Skills. It’s economic downturn that has kept it rough for young people to find any kind of job. And many enterprises put forward higher requirement, which are associated with this phenomenon as well. For those seeking a career, there is now greater pressure to choose professional jobs and get work experience.
Those who go on to successful careers often mention their days of waiting tables or picking fruit as experiences of growth. Actor Sean Connery may have the 007 role as a protuberance on his CV while he embarked on working as a milkman when only 14. George Clooney once strove for selling women’s shoes.
What is a proper job? White collar work is a golden job that a host of people want to obtain and professionals in finance, advertising, journalism and the law often work exceedingly long hours. However, there is a sense that sitting at a desk all one’s life is not always real work in the same way as some other jobs are.
Dr Paul Sissons, senior researcher at the Work Foundation, argues that the solid choice to realised occupation triumph could be getting eminent grades. He says that formal qualifications still influence employers’ decision.
23．According to the passage, what are the examples given of Saturday jobs? (no more than 15 words)
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24．What’s made it more difficult for young people to find a job? (no more than 8 words)
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25．What does the underlined word “protuberance” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? (1 word)
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26．According to an expert mentioned in the article, what could be the best way of achieving career success? (no more than 5 words)
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27．As a student who will step into the society, how do you plan for your future career? (no more than 25 words)
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阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was a boy growing up, I could not once ever remember either my mom or my grandmother wasting food. Anything we didn’t eat at one meal was saved, stored, and served as leftovers (剩饭剩菜) later on. I can remember my grandmother making a huge pot of brown beans with a large cake of cornbread. We would all eat until we were stuffed but there was always about half of the beans left over. A few days later my grandmother would take those beans out of the refrigerator, boil pasta, add parsley and mix them all together into her delicious Pasta Fasule. And I also remember when I watched my mom fry bacon for us in the mornings, she would always take the grease (油脂) and carefully pour it into a container. Then she later would use it to flavor up so many other dishes. I was an adult before I realized that green beans didn’t actually taste like bacon.
I learned their lessons well and after I grew up I tried never to waste food by myself. I always planned the week’s meals ahead of time and only bought what was on my shopping list so nothing went to waste. Every meal went into my stomach and any leftovers were later eaten by either myself, my boys, or my dogs. To me throwing food in the trash was just wrong. All the work it took to grow it, harvest it, and prepare it needed to be honored, not wasted.
I learned something else over the years, however: when it comes to living there are no leftovers. Each moment that you don’t live is lost forever. Life cannot be saved. Life cannot be stored. Life has to be lived, TODAY!
Live each moment of your life to the fullest then. Make every day a feast of love with no leftovers. Leo Buscaglia once said: “Each day is a fresh beginning, a little life unto itself.” Don’t let any of these little lives go to waste. Live your life with a full belly and a full heart.
28．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean? (1 word)
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29．How could the beans the author ate as a child taste like bacon? (no more than 10 words)
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30．What did the author do to avoid wasting food? (no more than 15 words)
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31．What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about? (no more than 20 words)
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32．How do you live your life to the fullest? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
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阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was a kid, there was only one way my parents would let me stay home from school and that was if I had a high fever. Most of my friends could stay home due to a stomachache or a mild fever — but not me… I had to be dying in order to stay home. By the way, my parents are both doctors. My parents used to say that they were teaching me how to have a good work ethic(职业道德). I didn’t understand the connection until last week.
The other day I was on the train and sat behind a young man who was complaining to his friend about his life. He went on for twenty minutes about how his passion in life was to make movies, but he wouldn’t pursue it because he had no clue if he could make enough money and he didn’t want to waste time because it would take years to make it big. He then admitted to thinking about buying stocks by borrowing money because he thought he could easily make six figures within one year. His friend agreed with him and said, “The stock is good because you can make tons of money and only work for a short time.”
I think they were indulging(沉溺) in the wildest fantasy. Many people these days don’t realize that when things seem to happen immediately, it is only because a lot of effort, determination and time have gone into them and it isn’t due to some miraculous(不可思议的) event. The easier it looks, the more hours go into it. There is no excuse for laziness.
Looking at the two young men, all of a sudden I was having a flashback of being ten years old and watching the television show Fame.
In the show the dance teacher told her students, “If you want fame, fame costs and here’s how you start paying for it … in sweat.” Every time we watched that show, my dad would proudly say how right the teacher was because in order to succeed you have to work hard.
33．When did the author’s parents allow her to stay home from school?(No more than 10 words)
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34．Why did the young man on the train give up his dream of making movies?(No more than 15 words)
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35．What will it take to succeed immediately in author’s opinion?(No more than 10 words)
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36．How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?(No more than 10 words)
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37．Do you agree with the author’s opinion? Please explain it in your own words.(No more than 25 words)
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阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Confucius Institute is a non-profit public institute which aims at promoting Chinese language and culture and supporting local Chinese teaching internationally through affiliated Confucius Institutes. Its headquarters is in Beijing and is under the Office of Chinese Language Council International or Hanban in Chinese.
Over the past three decades, Chinese economy is booming. The world is watching China and many foreigners have realized the importance of seeking cooperation, so they want to do business with Chinese people and learning our language works better, Confucius institute provides the place to learn mandarin.
As the world is crazy about Chinese, more and more foreigners have interest in our language and culture. With the purpose of promoting our language and culture, Confucius institute program was set up in Korea in 2004, now the Confucius institute is all around the world. The foreigners practise Chinese so hard. They learn how to pronounce and write, even use the chopsticks.
The Confucius institute program works well. There is a biggest competition for the foreigner to show their Chinese. When we watch the show, we will realize they can speak Chinese so well and admire them so much, because it is so hard to learn. Some foreigners not only speak mandarin well, but also know much about Chinese culture.
The Confucius institute program works to promote Chinese language and culture and the achievement is great. Today, the world is learning Chinese.
38．What is the aim of Confucius Institute? (no more than 15 words)
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39．Why are many foreigners watching China and want to seek cooperation? (no more than 1o words)
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40．What do more and more foreigners have interest in? (no more than 5 words)
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41．What does the underlined word “admire” in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word)
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42．What do you think the future of Confucius Institute? (no more than 20 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in China, running from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang province in the south. It stretches for nearly 3,200 kilometers and passes through eight of the country’s provinces and municipalities.
Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, the canal is the longest and oldest artificial river in the world. It has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability, and is in use today as a major means of transportation.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal is 82 km long. Along it, cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
The city government has unveiled two development plans: the first is an implementation plan for the protection, inheritance and utilization of the canal’s cultural values; the second is a construction plan for building a Grand Canal-themed national cultural park.
The plan sets up three implementation milestones in the next five years. In 2020, efforts have been made to lay a firm foundation for the construction of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park, with the Tongzhou section of the canal open to navigation and a management mechanism of the park established. By 2023, significant progress is expected to be made in coordinating the protection and utilization of cultural resources along the canal, with the national cultural park basically set up. By 2025, the park will become a new cultural landmark in Beijing. The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development. Cities along the canal by then will welcome further coordinated or integrated development.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal, a valued asset for the capital, is marked out as a river boasting rich cultural resources, ecological value, social benefits and economic potential. The capital is set to roll out more measures to bring out the best in the canal.
43．According to the passage, what roles has the Grand Canal played?
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44．What does the Beijing government consider a top priority for protection along the Grand Canal?
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45．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
With its protected cultural resources and improved ecological conservation along its banks, the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.
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46．There are many UNESCO World Heritage sites in China. What can we do to protect them?(In about 40 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Building relationships and working successfully with different cultural backgrounds can seem like a major challenge. But you can enjoy the rewards, while keeping dissatisfaction to a minimum. The key to making them work is cultural competence. Essentially, cultural competence is defined as the ability to understand and interact effectively with people from different cultures.
Cultural competence is critical for everyone in today’s modern world. Living and working in a culturally diverse environment sometimes comes with differences of opinion and tension. People with strong cultural competence can resolve these issues creatively, even if a solution seems impossible at first. What’s more, thinking and caring about others with different experiences can bring out a sense of understanding. This helps to build trust between each other.
Cultural competence can be improved through training, education, and experience. Here are some simple tips to help you improve your cultural competence.
Assess yourself
The starting point is to understand your own cultural values and world view. Assess the current level of cultural competence in yourself and identify the knowledge, skills and resources that you want to acquire. This can give you an idea of your strengths and weaknesses in the area so that you can improve yourself in future.
Practice good manners
No matter whom you are dealing with, make sure that you are respecting others’ backgrounds, boundaries and customs. Pay close attention to your communication and make sure that you’re speaking to others in a kind and polite way.
Ask questions
When you don’t understand something or want to know why someone has behaved in a certain way, simply ask. Asking questions stops you making unnecessary assumptions, and shows the questions you did not understand to them.
Keep in mind that developing cultural competence is not a one-shot enterprise. It takes time and practice. Whether you are in a classroom or on campus, cultural competence plays an important role in your daily environment. Recognizing and dealing with cultural differences will create a happier setting for everyone.
47．What is cultural competence according to the passage?
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48．Why is cultural competence important for people in intercultural environment?
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49．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
>To improve our cultural competence, we should not only understand our strengths and weaknesses in this area, but also ask questions when we don’t understand others’ behaviors, even if we may speak in an impolite way.
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50．Apart from the tips mentioned in the passage, what other way(s) can you think of to develop your cultural competence? (In about 40 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
How to Stop Overthinking
We all have times when we worry, whether it’s about work, health, family, relationships or a host of other reasons. But is there a point when you may think and worry too much?
Overthinking is an unhealthy habit that typically causes more stress by focusing on the negative instead of coming up with logical solutions. For example, we may start worrying about a specific situation at work, which leads to worrying about money or losing jobs.
But why do we tend to overthink? This is often due to cognitive errors, which are basically errors in logical thinking, such as all-or-nothing thinking and overgeneralisation. Although overthinking is hard to break, Natacha Duke, a registered psychotherapist, outlines strategies that can help.
“Healthy distraction can be useful,” says Duke. Activities like reading and taking a walk can help keep our stress levels down. They can reduce our baseline level of anxiety and make us less likely to overthink.
Duke adds, “Keeping a daily journal can help us actively manage stress before our feelings expand out of control.” As we practise journaling our emotions and thoughts, it becomes easier to identify when we’re starting to worry. Stopping worrying early will ultimately help us feel better and stay focused on what matters most to us.
Some people constantly think about questions like “What if I lose my job?” or “What if I get sick?” While having these thoughts is normal, it becomes a problem when we focus only on the worst-case situation. “For every ‘what if’ worry, change this to an ‘if then’ statement where you come up with ideas to deal with the worry or the worst-case situation,” says Duke. “Focus on having a concrete plan in place.”
So, face the problems, then challenge and reframe them. Finally, we will develop effective ways to cope with overthinking.
51．What is overthinking?
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52．What causes overthinking?
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53．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
A man can stop overthinking if he changes “what if” questions to “if then” statements, because it helps him focus on the worst-case situation.
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54．Besides the suggestions mentioned in the passage, what other advice will you give to a person who is always overthinking?
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Engaging in meaningful conversations with others strengthens social bonds and boosts well—being far more than small talk does. Yet many people fear or even actively avoid intimate (亲密的) conversations, especially with those they don’t know well. Why are we so unwilling to engage in an activity that could benefit us so acutely? According to new research, it may be due to miscalculated expectations, and changing them could foster deeper connections.
In a series of studies published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, participants either engaged in “shallow” conversations (speaking, for example, about their sleep schedule or how often they get haircuts) or “deep” discussions (covering embarrassing moments or what they’re grateful for). Before chatting, they predicted how awkward and uncomfortable the conversation would be, how close they would feel to their conversation partner afterward, and how much they would enjoy the interaction. Participants who consistently overestimated the awkwardness of the conversations also greatly underestimated how much they’d enjoy the more intimate conversations, as well as how close they’d feel to their partner.
The noticeable difference between participants’ expectations and their actual experience seemed rooted in the assumption that conversation partners wouldn’t care about the details of their lives. “We underestimate, essentially, how social others are,” explains study author Nicholas Epley, a psychologist at the University of Chicago.
Such an assumption could be a barrier to forming deeper connections with others, Epley believes. Yet participants appeared able to course-correct. When they were told ahead of time that it’s common to underestimate how much strangers care about each other, they voluntarily steered the talks into deeper directions, potentially reaping the benefits of doing so.
A single reminder likely isn’t enough to permanently change miscalculated assumptions, Epley warns. But making the effort to engage in just a few positive interactions could help someone mentally reset. “After having a meaningful conversation, people usually want to have another one,” he says. “But you can learn only from experiences that you have,” he adds. “If you think it will be unpleasant to talk to someone and therefore never try, you’ll never find out that you were wrong.”
55．Why are people unwilling to get involved in intimate conversations?
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56．What could stop people forming deeper connections with others?
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57．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
ØA single reminder can permanently change our assumptions, but we still need to engage in positive interactions to help us mentally reset.
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58．Do you prefer to have a “shallow” conversation or a “deep” discussion with strangers? And give your reasons. (In about 40 words)
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阅读短文， 按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
The gymnasium smelled of delicious food and was filled with people. The place was more lively when kids in each class of kindergarten came in and sat in chattering rows. This was the big day --- the kickoff to the St. Baldrick’s event. And the kids knew what was coming. A fourth-grade teacher was about to have his head shaved.
The St. Baldrick’s Foundation provides funds for children’s cancer research. Their money comes from participants offering to publicly shave their heads in exchange for donations to the fund. When the fourth-grade teacher Mr. Leckron offered to shave his blond hair for the good of the cause, many kids signed up to be shaved as well. Many community members and parents stepped forward to donate money to support the events.
This event took place on a May afternoon. In the beginning of the after-school community shaving event, our principal stepped to the microphone and introduced the honorable guest, our town’s mayor(市长)．Our mayor said the students were worth his respect because they were so sympathetic(同 情的)to those unfortunate.
After the mayor’s speech, a mother stepped to the microphone and shared the story of her son’s childhood cancer. The mother said the cancer was terrible to his son, but the St Baldrick’s funded research made him triumph over the challenge in the end. His story showed how the program was making a difference to real people.
Next the barber stepped forward and gestured Mr. Leckron to the stage. But Mr. Leckron shook his head and pretended to be afraid. Everyone cheered as Mr. Leckron walked forward and took his seat. When the barber shaved a path right down the center of Mr. Leckron’s head, everyone laughed. My heart pounded. I was excited at the joy that filled the gymnasium.
It stated that our little school raised over 10,000 dollars in the end. When I learned the good news of the result of the event, my eyes welled and I took great pride in my community that supported it.
59．Why did Mr. Leckron and the students sign up to have their heads shaved? (no more than 10 words)
________________
60．Why did the mayor show respect to the students? (no more than 10 words)
________________
61．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean? (no more than 15 words)
________________
62．How did the author feel when learning the news of the event’s result? (no more than 10 words)
________________
63．What do you learn from this story? (no more than 20 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
About five years ago, I was part of a pilot group tasked with helping the disabled be successful inside the organization. My boss decided to be the sponsor for the pilot and he was very kind. Until then we had only hired people with visually challenged disability.
I led the interview process and hired a candidate with autism (自闭症). The candidate had the qualifications but our interview panel felt the disability would prevent him from learning the skills and being competent for a job. I convinced my peers(同伴)to give him a role, and try out. He finally was hired as a temporary contractor.
I gave the candidate a lot of encouragement and became one of his mentors(导师). He slowly and surely blossomed in the workplace. There were many difficulties and barriers along the way. But he tried his best to overcome all the challenges his disability brought him with my help, which deeply moved his colleagues and leadership. Gradually, he came to be accepted by them. He too won many friends and admiration at the workplace.
Fast forward five years, he called me last night to let me know that he got a formal offer yesterday from his manager as a regular employee with a job title. I congratulated him and told him my joy. He went on to say “Sir, without your support all these years, I would not be here.” I told him “Your success is the reward of your hard work and persistence. You are an inspiration to a lot of people with similar disabilities.”
Isn’t it wonderful that a person with disability is becoming very successful in a workplace and makes his family so proud?
64．What was the task of the pilot group?
_____________________________________________________
65．Why didn’t the interviewers want to hire the candidate?
_____________________________________________________
66．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶The candidate gradually came to be accepted by his colleagues and leadership because he managed to make friends with them.
_____________________________________________________
67．Among the qualities of “I”, which one(s)do you think will be important for us? Why?(In about 40 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Before ending upon a supermarket shelf, an avocado(牛油果) has produced 1.3 kilograms of carbon into the atmosphere. Its production alone consumes 60 gallons of water. Despite this, the fruit will often be thrown away as household waste.
Household food waste is the result of mismanagement. Much of the waste is avoidable and the food may have been eaten had it been better managed. To reduce household food waste, a growing number of food retailers decide to remove date labelling(标签), such as the “use-by” or “best-before” date, from some fresh food items.
Past studies have confirmed the importance of date labelling. Almost 60% of western European consumers surveyed said they “always” check date labels while purchasing. But date labelling has long come under criticism because failure to truly understand date labelling often leads to unreasonable decision making. Indeed, consumers commonly don’t accept edible(可食用的), but date-expired(过期的) food.
The removal of date labelling is therefore a promising start. Without date labels, information that may affect consumers’ understanding of what is edible, is removed. Instead, consumers are encouraged to sense-check fresh food items.
In the case of an avocado, the advice given to consumers is that when ripe, it should have a “pleasant and slightly sweet aroma(气味)”, while the skin should be “dark green or brown”. Information is also provided on how an avocado should look, taste, and feel when “overripe”. It is hoped that a better informed consumer will be less likely to blindly throw away food due to an expiration date.
68．What do food retailers decide to do to reduce household food waste?
_______________________________________________________________________________
69．Why has date labelling long been criticized?
_______________________________________________________________________________
70．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
ØIf consumers can be better informed, they will not accept edible, but date-expired food.
_______________________________________________________________________________
71．Once date labels are removed from some fresh food items, what problem(s) might be caused? (In about 40 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________

阅读表达
It was a dark and stormy night. The ferocious wind shook the windows wildly, as though someone outside were beating on the glass. It was also New Year’s Eve. We were having our annual party and had a house full of people just starting to celebrate.
Suddenly, we heard loud explosions. Looking outside and up into the hills, we saw sparks(火花) flying from electrical transformers(变压器). One area after another went dark up in those hills. Then there was the loudest explosion of them all and our house went dark too. I tried to find every candle we had and lit them. The candles made everything look lovely. But we had problems. We had fifteen people standing around and we still had to cook dinner. How would we do that without electricity?
The barbecue! Why not cook on the barbecue? We men went outside, some holding flashlights and others cooking. We did a wonderful job. The women stayed inside and got the salads ready. Everything was delicious. There were still a few hours to go before the beginning of the new year, so we all sat around the dining room table and sang up until a few minutes before midnight. We couldn’t watch the ball drop in Times Square on television but that wouldn’t stop us from celebrating. I stood on a chair and, with the help of someone’s watch to tell us the time, we all counted down and I dropped a tennis ball! We all screamed Happy New Year. We didn’t need electricity for that!
Nowadays, we still get together with the same group to celebrate the New Year and we still talk about that special night. I don’t think we have ever laughed so much as we did on that New Year’s Eve.
72．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 1? (1 word)
____________________________________________________________
73．What made dinner preparation difficult according to Paragraph 2? (no more than 6 words)
____________________________________________________________
74．How did the people celebrate on New Year’s Eve according to the passage? (no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________
75．How does the author feel about that particular New Year’s Eve? (no more than 8 words)
____________________________________________________________
76．What do you think is the most necessary quality when dealing with an unexpected difficult situation? Please explain why. (no more than 25words)
____________________________________________________________

阅读表达
White sand beaches of the Cocos Islands, which are known as a gorgeous tourist destination surrounded by greenish blue water, have now been filled with plastic wastes.
Jennifer Lavers, a marine scientist, went to these tropical islands with her research team. Knowing that lots of beaches were polluted by plastic wastes, the team conducted a careful scientific examination on the coast, only to find the problem caused by pieces of trash humans left was worse than expected.
Not all plastics are to blame. They are necessary in places like hospitals and airplanes, and make our vehicles lighter and more efficient. However, other plastics, especially disposable(一次性的) plastics, account for the growing mess on the beaches. Islands all over the world are jammed with plastics. And the Cocos Islands are no exception.
Apparently, demand for disposable plastics must be reduced greatly. “Why don’t we carry around bags that we can use over and over again?” asked Richard Gross, a chemist who researches innovative ways to make more sustainable plastics. “Let’s carry around reusable lunch boxes. We should understand how serious the situation is.”
Although it is important for individuals to make an effort to avoid using disposable plastics, it is also generally believed that only with international rules can such a deep-rooted, common, and worldwide scourge(灾害) be tackled.
However, the U. N., which engages in dealing with accelerating climate change and public health crises, obviously isn’t paying enough attention to calling for international action on plastic pollution. As a result, billions of plastic products will still be produced every year, many of which will end up in the ocean.
It requires the greatest effort of all time to control plastic pollution in modern society. No matter how tall the hurdles(栏架) are, something has to be done.
77．What did Jennifer Lavers and her research team find?
_________________________________________________________________
78．What kinds of plastics lead to the increasing wastes on the beaches?
_________________________________________________________________
79．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Individual efforts and international rules are both required to tackle the plastic pollution, and the U. N. pays much attention to calling for international action.
_________________________________________________________________
80．As a student, what will you do to reduce white pollution?
_________________________________________________________________

阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题
One of New York’s most beautiful and valuable buildings is in danger. The New York Public Library, in the heart of the city at 42nd Street and 5th Avenue, may have to close its door.
The library is a very special place. Even though it is in the busiest part of the city, it has grass and trees around it, and benches for people to sit on, Even more unusual in crowded New York, its rooms are very large. The roof of the Main Reading Room is fifty—one feet high. Here, a reader can sit and think and work in comfort.
And what books there are to work with! The library has over thirty million books and paintings. It owns one of the first copies of a Shakespeare play, a Bible printed by Gutenberg in the 15th century, and a letter written by Columbus in which he told of finding the new world.
Every New Yorker can see and use the library’s riches—free. But the cost of running the library has risen rapidly in recent years, and the library does not have enough money to continue its work. In the past, it was open every evening, and also on Saturdays and Sundays. Now it is closed at those times to save money.
The library is trying in every possible way to raise money to meet its increasing costs. Well—known New York writers and artists are trying to help. So are universities, whose students use the library, and governments of New York City and New York State. But the problem remains serious.
Yet a way must be found to save the library because, as one writer said, “The Public Library is the most important building in New York City—it contains all our knowledge.”
81．What’s the best title of the passage? (No more than 8 words)
___________________________________________________
82．What can people find in the library? (No more than 15 words)
___________________________________________________
83．What does the underlined word “riches” refer to? (No more than 1 words)
___________________________________________________
84．Why is the library closed on Saturdays and Sundays now? (No more than 3 words)
___________________________________________________
85．Please make one practical suggestion to help and give your reason. (No more than 25 words)   
___________________________________________________

阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。
Growing up in Arizona’s rodeo (竞技) country, I was familiar with the events that come with traveling rodeos: bull riding, dressing and mutton busting. Mutton busting is like bull riding, but instead of bulls, they use sheep. And in place of the men, it’s children between six and ten years old who try to hang on for eight seconds.
It took me all of five minutes to say yes to the idea of riding a sheep. Being seven years old, my decision- making ability was pretty limited. I figured I could ride a sheep as well as the next kid. Little did I know that I was in for a world of pain and embarrassment.
My nerves were shaking the day of the rodeo. I hated being in front of crowds. I didn’t like getting dirty; I didn’t even like sheep, which I thought of as just dirty and smelly. Yet there I was, getting ready to ride one for eight seconds in front of hundreds of people. I wanted to run out of the field and hide in the hot car until it was over. But by the time this idea occurred to me, it was too late. I was lifted away from my mother by a rodeo trainer and placed onto a platform.
My feet went into the narrow pen (羊圈) first. I felt my shoes touch the dirty floor of the pen. Once I was balanced on the top of the sheep, the trainer let go and told me to lean forward. I did as he said. I could feel the animal’s heart beating faster than mine. I realized that the poor sheep was even more frightened than I was.
Then the gate opened, and I quickly discovered that my hold was too weak. Within three seconds I had fallen off the sheep, and found myself face-down on the sun-baked earth. The sheep thought this was its time to take revenge (复仇), and attacked me from behind. There I lay, hat down, covered in dirt, with tears streaming down my face. I looked behind me to see my mother running to comfort me. “Stand up and show them you’re okay,” she told me as she wiped the dirty tears from my face. I stood up, dirty and upset, waved my little hand, and walked out with my mother.
Sadly, I didn’t win anything, not even the respect of these rodeo animals. I did find a new admiration for those little balls of wool, though.
86．Who is mutton busting intended for? (no more than 5 words)
________________
87．Why did the author decide to take part in the competition? (no more than 10 words)
________________
88．What does this idea refer to? (no more than 15 words)
________________
89．What does Paragraph 5 talk about? (no more than 10 words)
________________
90．Is it very important to win a competition? Why? (no more than 25 words)
________________


















参考答案：
1．It was old-fashioned. / It was in bad condition.
2．Removing. / Emptying.
3．That the poor family had a happier life than the rich lady.
4．To show the most valuable richness in life.
5．I think a positive attitude and courage are the real riches because they help us overcome any difficulty.

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过在停车场观察贫富差距特别明显的两个女人，得出感悟：你分享的越多，你得到的就越多。
1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“A moment later a 30-year-old station wagon pulled up beside the SUV. It smelled of burning oil and probably didn’t have many months of life left in its engine. (过了一会儿，一辆30年的旅行车停在了SUV旁边。它闻起来有一股烧油的味道，它的发动机可能没有几个月的寿命了。)”可知，旅行车是老式的或它的状况很糟糕。故答案为It was old-fashioned. / It was in bad condition.
2．考查词句猜测。根据划线词前句“They had a week’s worth of groceries in their cart. (她们的购物车里有一周的食品杂货。)”和后半句“the mom took out two pieces of cookies, broke both in half, and gave each girl a half of cookie. (妈妈拿出两块饼干，掰成两半，给了每个女孩半块。)”可知，这里指妈妈和女儿把购物车食品杂货卸下放到旅行车里。所以unloading为“卸下；清空”之意。故答案为Removing. / Emptying.
3．考查推理判断。根据第三段“She threw it in the back and pulled out quickly, her eyes still hidden, her face still frowning.(她把它扔到后面，迅速抽出来，眼睛还是藏着，脸上还是皱着眉头。)”、“As they pulled out I thought about the two women. I clearly knew which one had the most money, but I wasn’t sure which one really had the most. (当他们离开时，我想到了那两个女人。我清楚地知道哪一个最有钱，但我不确定哪一个真正富有。)”可推断，贫穷的家庭比富有的女士过着更幸福的生活，促使作者思考真正的财富。故答案为That the poor family had a happier life than the rich lady.
4．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“In this life there are many kinds of riches but the most valuable one of all is love. The truth is the one who loves the most: learns the most, lives the most, gives the most, and grows the most in this life. It is the real riches of this life. (人生有许多种财富，但其中最有价值的是爱。真理是爱得最多的人：这辈子学得最多，活得最充实，付出最多，成长最多。这是人生真正的财富。)”可推断，作者写文章的主要目的是告诉我们生活中最宝贵的财富是爱。故答案为To show the most valuable richness in life.
5．开放题。要求考生回答生活中真正的财富是什么，并解释。考生言之有理则可。参考答案为I think a positive attitude and courage are the real riches because they help us overcome any difficulty.
6．To count down days from December 1st to Christmas.
7．Because Nathan had to wait long before he could open it.
8．He didn’t forget about it at all.
9．Because businessmen start to advertise Christmas earlier and earlier./ Because of the over commercialization of the holiday.
10．I think it’s a wonderful and meaningful present because it taught Nathan about patience and the power of delayed satisfaction.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在儿子内森的软磨硬泡下，给他买下了一份降临历作为生日礼物。但是当时距离圣诞节还有4个月，内森尽管几次想要提前拆开礼物，但是最终等到了圣诞节，他懂得了延迟快乐的意义。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段“An Advent calendar counts down the days until Christmas. Starting on December 1st, (降临节日历为圣诞节倒计时。从12月1日开始)”可知，降临历以前是用于从12月1日开始，标注圣诞节倒计时。故答案为To count down days from December 1st to Christmas.
7．推理判断题。根据第四段“If we bought this for your birthday, you couldn’t start opening the toys until December 1st. That would be a long time for you before playing with a new toy. Are you sure you want it? (如果我们买这个作为你的生日礼物，你要到12月1日才能打开玩具。在玩新玩具之前，你得花很长时间。你确定要吗?)”可知，作者一开始并不想给儿子内森买降临历，是因为他得等四个月漫长的时间才能打开生日礼物。这对一个小孩子来说是煎熬的。故答案为Because Nathan had to wait long before he could open it.
8．句意猜测题。根据倒数第四段““How many more days should I wait until I can start opening the toys in the calendar?” he asked the day after his birthday. I gave him a pocket calendar, and we counted how many days there were until December 1st. (“我还要等多少天才能开始打开日历上的玩具?”他在生日的第二天问道。我给了他一本袖珍日历，我们数着离12月1日还有多少天)”可知，作者原本希望儿子暂时忘记这份特别的生日礼物，但从他的生日第二天起，内森就心心念念打开礼物的日子，作者起初的想法只能是一厢情愿，故答案为He didn’t forget about it at all。
9．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I know these complaints are about the over-commercialization of the holiday, (我知道这些抱怨是关于节日的过度商业化)”可知，作者认为圣诞节日期越来越提前，是因为早在每年的12月25日以前，商家们早已开始各显神通，使出浑身解数，推广各种节日相关的商业活动，故答案为Because businessmen start to advertise Christmas earlier and earlier./ Because of the over commercialization of the holiday.
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“After waiting for so long, it was December 1st finally. Nathan’s hands were practically shaking as he opened that first box. “I’m so glad I waited, Mom,” he told me. (等了这么久，终于到了12月1日。当内森打开第一个盒子时，他的手几乎在颤抖。“我真高兴我等了，妈妈，”他告诉我)”可知，作者认为送给内森的这份礼物非常有意义，这让他明白了耐心等待和延迟快乐的意义，故答案为I think it’s a wonderful and meaningful present because it taught Nathan about patience and the power of delayed satisfaction.
11．Because he believes that he should make use of what he is blessed with instead of what he lacks.
12．Many medical treatments and surgery.
13．Ghanim believes he will accomplish his ambitions through taking on a range of sports and speaking out on social media. Because Ghanim believes he will accomplish his ambitions with faith, commitment and hard work./ Ghanim knows that with faith, commitment and hard work he will be free to accomplish his ambitions.
14．Honest with others, never telling lies , knowing how to care for others and be modest to others are important.   As long as we abide by the above mentioned, we will find it easy to be respected by others.


【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是2022年卡塔尔世界杯形象大使Ghanim Al-Muftah的个人故事。
11．考查细节理解题。根据第二段中“Naturally, one would expect him to use a wheelchair, but he insists on moving around on his hands because he believes that he should make use of everything with which he is blessed rather than focus on what he doesn’t have.(自然地，人们会认为他使用轮椅，但他坚持用手走动，因为他认为他应该利用他有幸拥有的一切，而不是专注于他没有的东西。)”可知，他之所以坚持用手走动，是因为他认为他应该利用他所拥有的一切，而不是专注于他没有的东西。故答案为Because he believes that he should make use of what he is blessed with instead of what he lacks。
12．考查细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ghanim has overcome all kinds of difficulties in his life, yet, there is still one issue Ghanim must continually deal with-many medical treatments and surgery. (Ghanim已经克服了生活中的各种困难，但仍有一个问题是Ghanim必须不断面对的——多次治疗和手术。)”可知，Ghanim必须不断面对多次的治疗和手术。故答案为Many medical treatments and surgery。
13．考查细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Despite these routine medical treatments, he knows that with faith, commitment and hard work he will be free to accomplish his ambitions. (尽管有这些常规的医疗治疗，他知道只要有信念、承诺和努力工作，他就可以自由地实现他的雄心壮志。)”可知，题干中“Ghanim believes he will accomplish his ambitions through taking on a range of sports and speaking out on social media.( Ghanim相信，他将通过参与一系列运动并在社交媒体上发表言论来实现自己的雄心。)”中的“他将通过参与一系列运动并在社交媒体上发表言论来实现自己的雄心”为错误部分，他认为只要有信念、承诺和努力工作，他就可以自由地实现他的雄心壮志。原文要求对错误句子进行下划线标注，故答案为Ghanim believes he will accomplish his ambitions through taking on a range of sports and speaking out on social media. Because Ghanim believes he will accomplish his ambitions with faith, commitment and hard work. / Ghanim knows that with faith, commitment and hard work he will be free to accomplish his ambitions。
14．开放式题目考查。根据题干要求“While Ghanim has earned respect of people across the globe, how do you earn respect of people around you?( Ghanim赢得了全世界人民的尊重，你如何赢得周围人的尊重呢？)”可知，题干根据实际要求回答如何赢得周围人的尊敬，回答合理即可。在日常生活中，获得他人尊重需要做到诚实、谦虚和体贴他人。故参考答案为：Honest with others, never telling lies , knowing how to care for others and be modest to others are important.   As long as we abide by the above mentioned, we will find it easy to be respected by others。
15．Brian’s question makes the writer realize that we cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life.
16．Appreciative and grateful
17．When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed.
Reason: When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.
18．The biggest regret during my high school life is that I did not study hard and treasure the valuable time and could not be admitted to my ideal university. I realized the problem in my college, so I worked hard on my major and have made some achievements in my major finally. So I accept my regret and learn something from it and consider the regret as a valuable experience.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过作者的自身经历表达了我们不应该为所做的决定后悔和遗憾，应从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。
15．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“But when I reflected more deeply on his question, I arrived at this realization: We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life. (但当我更深入地思考他的问题时，我意识到：我们不能后悔那些在生活中教会了我们宝贵教训的事情。)”可知，朋友的问题使我意识到我们不能后悔那些在生活中教会了我们宝贵教训的事情。故答案为Brian’s question make the writer realize that we cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life。
16．考查细节理解。根据文章最后一句“So whenever you find yourself caught in regret, stop and ask yourself these two questions: “What have I learned from this? And how have I grown because of it?” Perhaps you might just shift your viewpoint from that of being upset and regretful to being appreciative and grateful. ( 所以，当你发现自己陷入后悔之中时，停下来问问自己这两个问题：“我从这件事中学到了什么？我是如何因此而成长的呢？”也许你可以把你的观点从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。)”可知作者用来描述人们在面对后悔时应该采取的观点的两个词是appreciative和grateful。故答案为Appreciative and grateful。
17．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“What is worse is when stuck in regret, we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.(更糟糕的是，当陷入后悔之中时，我们会失去对最重要的事情的控制：我们今天如何利用我们的时间。) ”可知“When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. (当人们陷入悔恨时，更糟糕的是过去的选择无法改变。)”这句话是错误的，当人们陷入悔恨时，更糟糕的不是过去的选择无法改变。而是我们会失去对最重要的事情的控制：我们今天如何利用我们的时间。故答案为When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. Reason: When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.
18．开放性试题，言之有理即可。这篇文章表达了我们不应该为所做的决定后悔和遗憾，应从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。我们人生当中都有后悔的事情，关键是我们面对后悔和遗憾的态度。故答案可为The biggest regret during my high school life is that I did not study hard and treasure the valuable time and could not be admitted to my ideal university. I realized the problem in my college, so I worked hard on my major and have made some achievements in my major finally. So I accept my regret and learn something from it and consider the regret as a valuable experience.
19．Because he was playing games.
20．They often played together.
21．Crystal believed that technology advanced and the relationship with neighbors mattered less than before. Crystal believed that technology advanced and the relationship with neighbors as important as before.
22．In my opinion,despite technological advances, neighborhoods should be closer, they should help each other, and they should get together more often.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了Crystal所看到的邻里关系变得冷漠了，科技的进步使得人们都在忙于自己的“网络世界”。Crystal认为，随着科技的进步，与邻居的关系也一如既往地重要。
19．考查细节理解题。根据第六段“The boy didn’t raise head, some game keeping his attention.”（男孩没有抬起头，游戏让他保持注意力）可知，为什么男孩对Crystal没有反应的原因是他在玩游戏。故回答为：Because he was playing games.
20．考查细节理解题。根据第七段“They often played for hours using imaginary names for far-off places, pretending to be or do something they hoped someday they could be or do.”（他们经常玩上几个小时，用想象中的名字描述遥远的地方，假装自己是或做一些希望有一天能成为或做的事情）可知，Crystal经常和隔壁的邻居玩上几个小时，用想象中的名字描述遥远的地方，假装自己是或做一些希望有一天能成为或做的事情。故回答为：They often played together.
21．考查推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Those who grow up not knowing the invisible person-to-person simplicity of being a good neighbor, have missed an entire piece in their maturity. It’s not about personal space. It’s about being there for another person. How could a metal chip replace a life? Crystal could never understand.”（那些在成长过程中不知道做一个好邻居这种看不见的人与人之间的简单关系的人，已经错过了他们成熟的整个过程。这不是私人空间的问题。而是陪在另一个人身边。金属芯片怎么能取代生活呢？Crystal 永远不明白）可知，Crystal认为，随着科技的进步，与邻居的关系也一如既往地重要。故回答为：Crystal believed that technology advanced and the relationship with neighbors as important as before.
22．开放性试题。你认为现在的邻里关系应该是怎样的？In my opinion,despite technological advances, neighborhoods should be closer, they should help each other, and they should get together more often.
23．Cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut.
24．The economic downturn and the higher requirement.
25．Highlight.
26．Getting eminent grades.
27．Studying hard, getting necessary formal qualifications and trying to get more experiences related to the ideal career.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了兼职，实习和就业相关的一些情况，指出优异成绩和正式的资格证书很重要。
23．考查细节理解。根据第二段“For many, weekend or evening work is a rite of passage that may involve cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut. (对许多人来说，周末或晚上的工作是一种成年仪式，可能包括打扫厕所、挤牛奶或操作将果酱放入甜甜圈的机器)”可知，周六的工作举例包括扫厕所、挤牛奶或操作将果酱放入甜甜圈的机器。故答案为Cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut。
24．考查细节理解。根据第四段二三句“It’s economic downturn that has kept it rough for young people to find any kind of job. And many enterprises put forward higher requirement, which are associated with this phenomenon as well. (经济衰退使年轻人难以找到任何工作。许多企业提出了更高的要求，这也与这一现象有关)”可知，使得年轻人找工作更难的原因有两个：经济衰退和更高的要求。故答案为The economic downturn and the higher requirement。
25．考查词句猜测。根据第五段划线句“have the 007 role as a…on his CV (有007这个角色在他的简历上，作为…)”可知，007是一个经典角色，因此与他其他的经历相比，这绝对是简历上最出彩，最好的内容，故可推测protuberance意为简历里“突出的部分，最好的部分”，可以highlight替换。故答案为Highlight。
26．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Dr Paul Sissons, senior researcher at the Work Foundation, argues that the solid choice to realised occupation triumph could be getting eminent grades. (工作基金会高级研究员保罗·西森博士认为，实现职业胜利的坚实选择可能是获得优异成绩)”可知，获得优异成绩是实现职业成功的最好途径。故答案为Getting eminent grades。
27．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Dr Paul Sissons, senior researcher at the Work Foundation, argues that the solid choice to realised occupation triumph could be getting eminent grades. He says that formal qualifications still influence employers’ decision. (工作基金会高级研究员保罗·西森博士认为，实现职业胜利的坚实选择可能是获得优异成绩。他说，正式的资格证书仍然会影响雇主的决定)”可知，优异的成绩和正式的资格证书很重要，因此作为即将踏足社会的学生必须努力学习，获得资格证书，当然相关实习也很重要。故答案为Studying hard, getting necessary formal qualifications and trying to get more experiences related to the ideal career。
28．full
29．His mother added grease from frying bacon to the beans.
30．The author planned the next week’s food and ate all leftovers.
31．Life shouldn’t be wasted and we should live each moment to the fullest.
32．I treasure every minute and every second of my life and do everything well because wasting life is shameful.

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者从小受到母亲和祖母的影响，学会了不浪费食物，由此感悟到既不能浪费食物也不能浪费生命的道理，我们应该珍惜生命中的每一刻。
28．词义猜测题。根据上文中的“I can remember my grandmother making a huge pot of brown beans with a large cake of cornbread. We would all eat until…”以及“but there was always about half of the beans left over.”可知，祖母做了很大一锅的黑豆，结果还剩下了将近一半，说明我们都吃饱了，还是有剩余，所以stuffed意为“饱了”可以替换为full。故答案为full。
29．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“And I also remember when I watched my mom fry bacon for us in the mornings, she would always take the grease (油脂) and carefully pour it into a container. Then she later would use it to flavor up so many other dishes.”可知，作者的母亲将培根的油脂制成调味品放到其它的菜肴中，所以作者吃的豆子像培根一样。故答案为His mother added grease from frying bacon to the beans.。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I always planned the week’s meals ahead of time and only bought what was on my shopping list so nothing went to waste. Every meal went into my stomach and any leftovers were later eaten by either myself, my boys, or my dogs.”可知，作者为了节省不浪费，都是提前做好购物计划，做的食物都要吃完，即使剩下也要和家人在下一顿饭中吃掉，这是作者节省的方式。故答案为The author planned the next week’s food and ate all leftovers.。
31．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ when it comes to living there are no leftovers. Each moment that you don’t live is lost forever. Life cannot be saved. Life cannot be stored. Life has to be lived, TODAY!”和第四段中的“Live each moment of your life to the fullest then.”可知，作者在生活中节约的经历，让作者感悟到，生命也不能浪费，我们认真活好每一分钟。故最后两段讲述的是生命不能被浪费，要珍惜生命中的每一个时刻。故答案为Life shouldn’t be wasted and we should live each moment to the fullest.。
32．开放型题目。根据倒数第二段中的“Each moment that you don’t live is lost forever. Life cannot be saved. Life cannot be stored. Life has to be lived, TODAY!” 以及最后一段中的“Make every day a feast of love with no leftovers. Leo Buscaglia once said: “Each day is a fresh beginning, a little life unto itself.” Don’t let any of these little lives go to waste. Live your life with a full belly and a full heart.”可知作者在人生中感悟到的是不能浪费生命，要过好生命中的每一刻。在现实生活中，我做好生活中的每一件事情珍惜每分每秒，这就是充实生活的表现。故答案为I treasure every minute and every second of my life and do everything well because wasting life is shameful.。
33．Only when the author was seriously ill. / Only when the author had a high fever.
34．Because he thought making movies couldn’t help make lots of money in a short time.
35．It will take lots of efforts, determination, and time.
36．You have to work hard in order to succeed.
37．Yes, because working hard makes us successful and it’s hard working, rather than intelligence, that matters.

【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者的父母对他的要求很严格，他小时候不是很理解。但是后来，作者明白了，只有通过努力才能成功。
33．考查细节理解。根据第一段“When I was a kid, there was only one way my parents would let me stay home from school and that was if I had a high fever. (当我还是个孩子的时候，我的父母只有一个办法让我呆在家里不上学，那就是如果我发高烧。)”可知，只有当作者发高烧的时候，他的父母才会允许他呆在家里不上学。故答案为Only when the author was seriously ill. / Only when the author had a high fever.
34．考查细节理解。根据第二段“He went on for twenty minutes about how his passion in life was to make movies, but he wouldn’t pursue it because he had no clue if he could make enough money and he didn’t want to waste time because it would take years to make it big. (他花了20分钟讲述了自己对电影的热爱，但他不会去追求，因为他不知道自己是否能赚到足够的钱，也不想浪费时间，因为要想把电影做大需要几年的时间。)”可知，那位年轻人之所以放弃做电影的梦想是因为他觉得做电影花费的时间太长，而且也不一定能赚到足够的钱。故答案为Because he thought making movies couldn’t help make lots of money in a short time.
35．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Many people these days don’t realize that when things seem to happen immediately, it is only because a lot of effort, determination and time have gone into them and it isn’t due to some miraculous(不可思议的) event. (如今，许多人没有意识到，当事情似乎立即发生时，这仅仅是因为他们付出了大量的努力、决心和时间，而不是由于某种奇迹事件。)”可知，在作者看来，成功需要付出大量的努力、决心和时间。故答案为It will take lots of efforts, determination, and time.
36．考查词句猜测。根据最后一段“If you want fame, fame costs and here’s how you start paying for it … in sweat. (如果你想成名，成名就要付出代价，下面是你如何开始为此付出代价的……汗水。)”可知，这句话想表达的意思是：要想成功就需要努力。故答案为You have to work hard in order to succeed.
37．开放性试题。根据“In the show the dance teacher told her students, “If you want fame, fame costs and here’s how you start paying for it … in sweat.” Every time we watched that show, my dad would proudly say how right the teacher was because in order to succeed you have to work hard. (在节目中，舞蹈老师告诉她的学生，“如果你想成名，成名就要付出代价，这就是你如何开始付出代价……挥汗如雨。”每次我们观看节目时，我父亲都会自豪地说，老师是多么正确，因为为了成功，你必须努力工作。)”可知，这篇文章作者想要表达的中心就是：想要成功，就必须努力。所以给出的答案要围绕这个中心展开。故答案为Yes, because working hard makes us successful and it’s hard working, rather than intelligence, that matters.
38．The aim of Confucius Institute is to promote Chinese culture and support Chinese teaching worldwide.
39．Because Chinese economy is booming, from which foreigners can profit.
40．Chinese language and culture.
41．钦佩
42．Confucius Institute will remain a bridge which can not only facilitate multicultural exchange, but presents the beauty of Chinese culture.

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创建中国孔子学院的时代背景、重要意义和贡献。
38．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Confucius Institute is a non-profit public institute which aims at promoting Chinese language and culture and supporting local Chinese teaching internationally through affiliated Confucius Institutes.(孔子学院是一个非营利性的公共机构，旨在通过附属孔子学院推广中国语言和文化，并在国际上支持当地的汉语教学)”可知，孔子学院是一个在全球范围内致力于推广中国文化和促进汉语教学的非营利结构，故答案为The aim of Confucius Institute is to promote Chinese culture and support Chinese teaching worldwide.
39．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Over the past three decades, Chinese economy is booming.(在过去的三十年里，中国经济蓬勃发展)”可知，中国的经济发展令世人瞩目，因此许多外国人想寻求与中国进行通商贸易，故答案为Because Chinese economy is booming, from which foreigners can profit.
40．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“As the world is crazy about Chinese, more and more foreigners have interest in our language and culture.(随着世界掀起一股汉语热，越来越多的外国人对我们的语言和文化产生了兴趣)”可知，越来越多的外国人对中国文化和汉语产生了浓厚的兴趣，故答案为Chinese language and culture.
41．考查词句猜测。根据文章第四段“because it is so hard to learn.(因为汉语真的很难)”和“Some foreigners not only speak mandarin well, but also know much about Chinese culture.(一些外国人不仅普通话说得好，而且对中国文化也很了解)”可知，我们对一些外国人能够流利地讲中文，并且通晓中国文化感到非常钦佩，毕竟汉语很难。由此推知，划线词应与“佩服；钦佩”之意相近。故答案为：钦佩。
42．开放性试题。言之有理，积极向上，注意词数限制。考生可依据文章内容和自身掌握的背景知识答题，例如：孔子学院将继续作为一座跨文化交流的桥梁，将瑰丽的中国文化呈现给世界。Confucius Institute will remain a bridge which can not only facilitate multicultural exchange, but presents the beauty of Chinese culture.
43．The Grand Canal has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability.
44．cultural relics and sites on both banks are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
45．The part “the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.” is wrong. According to the content of the development plan, The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.
46．To protect UNESCO World Heritage sites , we can not only use the news media to arouse people’s awareness of preservation but also enforce laws to intensify the protection. Besides, the school should implant the education of protecting cultural heritages.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京杭大运河在国内外的重要地位以及北京政府对于京杭大运河北京段未来的两个发展计划。
43．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“It has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability, and is in use today as a major means of transportation.（它在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的作用并在今天被用作主要的交通手段。）”可知，京杭大运河在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的作用，故答案为The Grand Canal has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability.
44．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Along it, cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.（沿河两岸的文物和遗迹是文化重要的标志并且被当地政府视为保护的重中之重。）”可知，当地政府视为保护的重中之重的部分是京杭大运河两岸的文物和遗迹，故答案为cultural relics and sites on both banks are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
45．考查推理判断。根据第五段“The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.（随着沿河两岸的文化资源保护和生态保护有了显著的改善，京杭大运河将会拥有文化和旅游业发展的改善。）”可知，京杭大运河将会拥有文化和旅游业的改善，推断出划线部分中工业得到改善是错误的。故答案为The part “the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.” is wrong. According to the content of the development plan, The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.
46．开放性试题。题目要求写出对于世界文化遗产的保护措施，可以从利用媒体唤起人们的保护意识，利用法律约束和学校教育三个方面入手，故答案为To protect UNESCO World Heritage sites , we can not only use the news media to arouse people’s awareness of preservation but also enforce laws to intensify the protection. Besides, the school should implant the education of protecting cultural heritages.
47．It is the ability to understand and interact effectively with people from different cultures.
48．Because people can resolve issues creatively and build trust between each other.
49．To improve our cultural competence, we should not only understand our strengths and weaknesses in this area, but also ask questions when we don’t understand others’ behaviors, even if we may speak in an impolite way. Because according to the passage, we have to make sure that we’re speaking to others in a kind and polite way.

50．To develop cultural competence, we should learn about different cultures by reading relevant books and searching for information online to equip ourselves with knowledge. It is advisable to join an intercultural communication workshop to interact with people from diverse backgrounds to improve our intercultural communication skills.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍是什么是“文化能力”，它的重要性，以及提高这种能力的方法。
47．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Essentially, cultural competence is defined as the ability to understand and interact effectively with people from different cultures.(从本质上讲，文化能力被定义为理解来自不同文化的人并与之有效互动的能力)”可知，文化能力是理解来自不同文化的人并与之有效互动的能力。故答案为：It is the ability to understand and interact effectively with people from different cultures.
48．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“People with strong cultural competence can resolve these issues creatively, even if a solution seems impossible at first. What’s more, thinking and caring about others with different experiences can bring out a sense of understanding. This helps to build trust between each other.(具有强大文化能力的人可以创造性地解决这些问题，即使一开始似乎不可能解决。更重要的是，思考和关心有不同经历的人可以带来一种理解感。这有助于在彼此之间建立信任)”可知，在跨文化环境中文化能力对人们来说很重要是因为，有了它人们可以创造性地解决问题，并建立彼此之间的信任。故答案为：Because people can resolve issues creatively and build trust between each other.
49．考查细节理解。根据Assess yourself部分的“This can give you an idea of your strengths and weaknesses in the area so that you can improve yourself in future.(这可以让你对自己在该领域的优势和劣势有一个大致的了解，这样你就可以在未来提高自己)”和Practice good manners部分的“Pay close attention to your communication and make sure that you’re speaking to others in a kind and polite way.(密切关注你的交流，确保你以一种友好和礼貌的方式与他人交谈)”可知，为了提高我们的文化能力，我们应该了解我们在这方面的优势和劣势，当我们不理解他人的行为时，我们应该礼貌地提出问题。因此错误部分是“even if we may speak in an impolite way”，因为根据原文所述，我们应该确保以友好和礼貌的方式与他人交流。故答案为：To improve our cultural competence, we should not only understand our strengths and weaknesses in this area, but also ask questions when we don’t understand others’ behaviors, even if we may speak in an impolite way. Because according to the passage, we have to make sure that we’re speaking to others in a kind and polite way.
50．开放性问题。结合文章内容，答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：为了培养文化能力，我们应该通过阅读相关书籍和在线搜索信息来了解不同的文化，从而获得知识。建议参加跨文化交流研讨会，与来自不同背景的人互动，以提高我们的跨文化交流技能。故答案为：To develop cultural competence, we should learn about different cultures by reading relevant books and searching for information online to equip ourselves with knowledge. It is advisable to join an intercultural communication workshop to interact with people from diverse backgrounds to improve our intercultural communication skills.
51．Overthinking is an unhealthy habit that typically causes more stress by focusing on the negative instead of coming up with logical solutions.
52．This is often due to cognitive errors, which are basically errors in logical thinking, such as all-or-nothing thinking and overgeneralisation.
53．A man can stop overthinking if he changes “what if” questions to “if then” statements, because it helps him focus on the worst-case situation. While having these thoughts is normal, it becomes a problem when we focus only on the worst-case situation. Therefore, A man can stop overthinking if he changes “what if” questions to “if then” statements, because it can stop him focus on the worst-case situation.
54．Seeking professional help is also an effective way to cope with overthinking.They can give us better advice which will help us feel better and stay focused on what matters most to us.

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了停止过度思考的方法。
51．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Overthinking is an unhealthy habit that typically causes more stress by focusing on the negative instead of coming up with logical solutions. (过度思考是一种不健康的习惯，通常会因为关注消极的一面而不是提出合理的解决方案而导致更多的压力)”可知，过度思考是一种不健康的习惯，通常会因为关注消极的一面而不是提出合理的解决方案而导致更多的压力。故答案为Overthinking is an unhealthy habit that typically causes more stress by focusing on the negative instead of coming up with logical solutions.
52．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This is often due to cognitive errors, which are basically errors in logical thinking, such as all-or-nothing thinking and overgeneralisation(这通常是由于认知错误，这基本上是逻辑思维中的错误，比如孤注一掷的思维和过度概括)”可知，过度思考是由于认知错误，这基本上是逻辑思维中的错误所造成的。故答案为This is often due to cognitive errors, which are basically errors in logical thinking, such as all-or-nothing thinking and overgeneralisation.
53．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Some people constantly think about questions like “What if I lose my job?” or “What if I get sick?” While having these thoughts is normal, it becomes a problem when we focus only on the worst-case situation(有些人经常会想这样的问题：“如果我失业了怎么办?”或者“如果我生病了怎么办?”虽然有这些想法很正常，但当我们只关注最坏的情况时，它就会成为一个问题)”以及“For every ‘what if’ worry, change this to an ‘if then’ statement where you come up with ideas to deal with the worry or the worst-case situation,” says Duke. “Focus on having a concrete plan in place.”(对于每一个“如果”的担忧，把它变成一个“如果”的陈述，在那里你想出了解决担忧或最坏情况的方法，杜克说。专注于制定一个具体的计划)”故答案为A man can stop overthinking if he changes “what if” questions to “if then” statements, because it helps him focus on the worst-case situation. While having these thoughts is normal, it becomes a problem when we focus only on the worst-case situation. Therefore, A man can stop overthinking if he changes “what if” questions to “if then” statements, because it can stop him focus on the worst-case situation.
54．开放性试题。Seeking professional help is also an effective way to cope with overthinking. They can give us better advice which will help us feel better and stay focused on what matters most to us.
55．It may be due to miscalculated expectations./ Because of miscalculated expectations. / Because people have miscalculated expectations.
56．It is the assumptions that conversation partners wouldn’t care about the details of their lives.
57．A single reminder can permanently change our assumptions, but we still need to engage in positive interactions to help us mentally reset.
According to the passage, a single reminder isn’t enough to permanently change miscalculated assumptions, but we still need to engage in positive interactions to help us mentally reset.
58．I prefer to have a shallow conversation because there is social etiquette that we need to observe in order not to make others feel offended. Besides, people differ in personalities so it is polite and considerate to respect their boundaries and avoid information they might view as privacy. (48 words)

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了生活中人们更易于“浅谈”而不是“深入交谈”的原因。
55．考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“According to new research, it may be due to miscalculated expectations, and changing them could foster deeper connections.”（根据新的研究，这可能是由于错误的预期，改变他们可以培养更深的联系。）可知，人们害怕或避免亲密的交谈的原因是由于错误的预期。故答案为：It may be due to miscalculated expectations./ Because of miscalculated expectations. / Because people have miscalculated expectations.
56．考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“The noticeable difference between participants’ expectations and their actual experience seemed rooted in the assumption that conversation partners wouldn’t care about the details of their lives. ”（参与者的期望和他们的实际经历之间的显著差异似乎植根于这样一种假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节。）第四段第一句“Such an assumption could be a barrier to forming deeper connections with others, Epley believes. ”（Epley 认为，这样的假设可能会成为与他人建立更深层次联系的障碍。）可知，阻碍人们与他人建立更深层次联系在于参与者交谈之前的一种假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节。故答案为：It is the assumptions that conversation partners wouldn’t care about the details of their lives.
57．考查推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“A single reminder likely isn’t enough to permanently change miscalculated assumptions, Epley warns. But making the effort to engage in just a few positive interactions could help someone mentally reset. ”（Epley 警告说，仅仅一个提醒可能不足以永久改变错误的假设。但是，努力参与一些积极的互动可以帮助人们在精神上重置。）可知，仅仅一个提醒可能不足以永久改变错误的假设。所以给出句子中“A single reminder can permanently change our assumptions”（一个简单的提醒就可以永久地改变我们的假设）与文意不符，故答案为：A single reminder can permanently change our assumptions, but we still need to engage in positive interactions to help us mentally reset. According to the passage, a single reminder isn’t enough to permanently change miscalculated assumptions, but we still need to engage in positive interactions to help us mentally reset.
58．开放题，言之有理即可。根据文章第二段中“In a series of studies published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, participants either engaged in “shallow” conversations (speaking, for example, about their sleep schedule or how often they get haircuts) or “deep” discussions (covering embarrassing moments or what they’re grateful for). ”（在《个性与社会心理学杂志》上发表的一系列研究中，参与者要么进行“浅谈”的谈话(例如，谈论他们的睡眠时间表或者他们多久剪一次头发) ，要么进行“深入”的讨论(讨论尴尬的时刻或者他们感激的事情)。）第三段第一句“The noticeable difference between participants’ expectations and their actual experience seemed rooted in the assumption that conversation partners wouldn’t care about the details of their lives. ”（参与者的期望和他们的实际经历之间的显著差异似乎植根于这样一种假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节。）第四段第一句“Such an assumption could be a barrier to forming deeper connections with others, Epley believes. ”（Epley 认为，这样的假设可能会成为与他人建立更深层次联系的障碍。）可知，在交谈前，人们都会做一个假设，即交谈对象不会关心他们生活中的细节，这个假设的建立会阻碍我们进行深入的交谈。说明“浅谈”不会涉及一个人的生活细节等隐私问题，所以我更喜欢浅显易懂的谈话，因为我们需要遵守社交礼仪，这样才不会让别人觉得被冒犯了。此外，人们的性格不同，所以尊重他们的界限，避免他们可能视为隐私的信息是礼貌和体贴的。故答案为：I prefer to have a shallow conversation because there is social etiquette that we need to observe in order not to make others feel offended. Besides, people differ in personalities so it is polite and considerate to respect their boundaries and avoid information they might view as privacy. (48 words)
59．In exchange for donations to the children’s cancer research fund.
60．Due to their sympathy to those unfortunate people.
61．The fund supported helped her son recover from the disease.
62．Moved and proud.
63．Small acts of kindness can bring great benefits.


【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了为了能够换取给儿童癌症研究提供的资金，作者所在的学校举办了“公开剃发换捐款”的活动，最终该活动筹集了一万多美元。这个故事阐述了小的善意会汇集成大的好处。
59．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The St. Baldrick’s Foundation provides funds for children’s cancer research. Their money comes from participants offering to publicly shave their heads in exchange for donations to the fund. When the fourth-grade teacher Mr. Leckron offered to shave his blond hair for the good of the cause, many kids signed up to be shaved as well. ”（圣鲍德里克基金会为儿童癌症研究提供资金。他们的钱来自于愿意公开剃光头以换取为基金捐款的参与者。当四年级老师Leckron先生提出为了慈善事业剃掉他的金发时，许多孩子也报名参加了剃头活动。）可知，Leckron和许多孩子报名参加了剃头是为了换取儿童癌症研究的捐款。故答案为： In exchange for donations to the children’s cancer research fund.
60．考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“Our mayor said the students were worth his respect because they were so sympathetic(同 情的)to those unfortunate.”（我们的市长说那些学生值得他尊敬因为他们如此同情那些不幸的人。）可知，市长对孩子们表示尊敬是因为孩子们对不幸的人们表现了同情心。故答案为：Due to their sympathy to those unfortunate people.
61．考查词句猜测。结合划线句前文“After the mayor’s speech, a mother stepped to the microphone and shared the story of her son’s childhood cancer. The mother said the cancer was terrible to his son, ”（市长演讲结束后，一位母亲走向麦克风，讲述了她儿子患儿童癌症的故事。母亲说癌症对他儿子来说很可怕）后文“His story showed how the program was making a difference to real people.”（他的故事展示了这个项目是如何对现实生活中的人产生影响的。）可知，这个项目换取得捐款对癌症病人是有很大的帮助的，因而划线句的含义为：圣鲍德里克基金会提供的钱帮助了她的儿子战胜了病魔。故答案为：The fund supported helped her son recover from the disease.
62．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“It stated that our little school raised over 10,000 dollars in the end. When I learned the good news of the result of the event, my eyes welled and I took great pride in my community that supported it.”（报道说我们的小学校最终筹集到了一万多美元。当我得知活动结果的好消息时，我的眼睛都红了，我为支持它的社区感到非常自豪。）可知，当作者听到这次活动的好的结果时，作者是感动的，同时对支持它的社区感到非常自豪。故答案为：Moved and proud.
63．开放题，言之有理即可。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述了为了能够换取给儿童癌症研究提供资金，作者所在的学校中举办了“公开剃发换捐款”的活动，最终该活动筹集了一万多美元。通过故事让我作者领会到小的善意会汇集成大的好处。即：Small acts of kindness can bring great benefits. 故参考答案为：Small acts of kindness can bring great benefits.
64． The task of the pilot group is to help the disabled be successful inside the organization.
65．Because they feel the disability would prevent him from learning the skills and being competent for a job.
66．The candidate gradually came to be accepted by his colleagues and leadership because he managed to make friends with them. The reason that the candidate gradually came to be accepted by his colleagues and leadership is that he tried his best to overcome all the challenges his disability brought him with my help. This deeply moved his colleagues and leadership.

67．Among the qualities of “I”, I think kindness will be important for us.When the interview panel felt the disability would prevent the candidate from learning the skills and being competent for a job, I convinced my peers to give him a role, and try out. I gave the candidate a lot of encouragement and he slowly and surely blossomed in the workplace. I think my kindness played an important role in his success. So I think kindness will be important for us.


【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作为小组成员之一的作者帮助残疾人在组织内取得成功的故事，告诉我们帮助残疾人成功是一件很美妙的事情。
64．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“About five years ago, I was part of a pilot group tasked with helping the disabled be successful inside the organization.(大约五年前，我是一个试点小组的一员，该小组的任务是帮助残疾人在组织内部取得成功。)”可知，试验组的任务是帮助残疾人在组织内取得成功，故答案为：The task of the pilot group is to help the disabled be successful inside the organization。
65．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“The candidate had the qualifications but our interview panel felt the disability would prevent him from learning the skills and being competent for a job.(这位候选人符合条件，但我们的面试小组认为他的残疾会妨碍他学习技能和胜任工作。)”可知，面试官不想聘用这位候选人是因为他们觉得残疾会妨碍他学习技能和胜任工作，故答案为：Because they feel the disability would prevent him from learning the skills and being competent for a job。
66．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“But he tried his best to overcome all the challenges his disability brought him with my help, which deeply moved his colleagues and leadership. Gradually, he came to be accepted by them.(但在我的帮助下，他努力克服了残疾给他带来的一切挑战，这让他的同事和领导深受感动。渐渐地，他被他们接受了。)”可知，“因为他设法和他们成为了朋友”这句话是错误的。这位候选人逐渐被他的同事和领导层接受，是因为他在我的帮助下尽力克服了残疾给他带来的所有挑战，这深深打动了他的同事和领导者，故答案为：The candidate gradually came to be accepted by his colleagues and leadership because he managed to make friends with them. The reason that the candidate gradually came to be accepted by his colleagues and leadership is that he tried his best to overcome all the challenges his disability brought him with my help. This deeply moved his colleagues and leadership.
67．开放性试题，言之有理即可。分析全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作为小组成员之一的作者帮助残疾人在组织内取得成功的故事，再根据第三段“I gave the candidate a lot of encouragement and became one of his mentors(导师). He slowly and surely blossomed in the workplace.(我给了应聘者很多鼓励，成为了他的导师之一。他慢慢地、稳步地在工作场所成长起来。)”可知，作者的友善给了残疾人很大鼓励，对残疾人的成功发挥了很大作用。故答案为：Among the qualities of “I”, I think kindness will be important for us.When the interview panel felt the disability would prevent the candidate from learning the skills and being competent for a job, I convinced my peers to give him a role, and try out. I gave the candidate a lot of encouragement and he slowly and surely blossomed in the workplace. I think my kindness played an important role in his success. So I think kindness will be important for us。
68．Food retailers decide to remove date labelling.
69．Because failure to truly understand date labelling often leads to unreasonable decision making.
70．If consumers can be better informed, they will not accept edible, but date-expired food.
Because consumers are encouraged to sense-check fresh food items, and the information is also provided on how the food should look, taste, and feel when “overripe”. So if consumers can be better informed, they will be likely to accept edible, but date-expired food.
71．Removing date labels from some fresh food items can prevent consumers from knowing the edible information of the food.Without date labels, consumers are encouraged to sense-check fresh food items.


【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了为了减少家庭食品浪费，越来越多的食品零售商决定取消一些新鲜食品的日期标签，例如“使用日期”或“最佳食用日期”。尽管人们在购买食品时，大部分人会查看日期标签，但是日期标签有时候却对人有误导作用而造成浪费。在施行取消标签后，人们可以通过“望闻”的方法判断食物。
68．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段内容“To reduce household food waste, a growing number of food retailers decide to remove date labelling, such as the ‘use-by’ or ‘best-before’ date, from some fresh food items.(为了减少家庭食物浪费，越来越多的食品零售商决定从一些新鲜食品上去掉日期标签，比如“截止食用日期”或“最佳食用日期”。)”可知，食品零售商决定去掉一些新鲜食品上的日期标签以减少浪费。故答案为：Food retailers decide to remove date labelling.
69．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段内容“But date labelling has long come under criticism because failure to truly understand date labelling often leads to unreasonable decision making.(但日期标签长期以来一直受到批评，因为未能真正理解日期标签往往会导致不合理的决策。)”可知，日期标签长期受到批评是因为日期标签未能得到真正理解而导致不合理的购买决策。故答案为：Because failure to truly understand date labelling often leads to unreasonable decision making.
70．考查细节理解。根据文章第五段内容“Information is also provided on how an avocado should look, taste, and feel when “overripe”. It is hoped that a better informed consumer will be less likely to blindly throw away food due to an expiration date. (还提供了牛油果“过熟”时的外观、味道和感觉的信息。人们希望，一个更了解情况的消费者不太可能因为过期而盲目扔掉食物。)”可知，“If consumers can be better informed, they will not accept edible, but date-expired food.(如果消费者能更明智，他们不会接受可食用的，但过期的食品。)”中“they will not accept edible, but date-expired food”是错误的，如果消费者对食物信息更了解一些，那么就有可能接受可食用但过期的食品。故答案为：If consumers can be better informed, they will not accept edible, but date-expired food. Because consumers are encouraged to sense-check fresh food items, and the information is also provided on how the food should look, taste, and feel when “overripe”. So if consumers can be better informed, they will be likely to accept edible, but date-expired food.
71．本题为开放性试题，要求考生结合文章根据自己的见解进行作答，言之有理即可。供参考：根据文章第四段“
Without date labels, information that may affect consumers' understanding of what is edible, is removed.
（如果没有日期标签，可能会影响消费者了解什么是可食用的的信息被删除。）”可知，没有日期标签，消费者可能无法了解
该食品的可食用信息。故答案为Removing date labels from some fresh food items can prevent consumers from k
nowing the edible information of the food.Without date labels, consumers are encouraged to sense-check f
resh food items.


72．Fierce./ Strong./ Violent.
73．No electricity./ The power failure./ There was no electricity./ Electricity was gone.
74．They cooked on the barbecue, sang, and counted down./ By cooking on the barbecue, singing, and counting down.
75．It was the most exciting one./ It was a night filled with laughter./ It was special./ Exciting./ Pleasant./ Unforgettable./ Joyful./ Different./ Memorable./ Unique.
76．It is courage, for it gives us strength, which enables us to deal with difficulties.

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者经历过的一个突发事故，新年夜变压器爆炸，十五个朋友面面相觑，没有电还需要做年夜饭，但作者和朋友一起努力，度过了一个美好的新年夜。
72．考查词义猜测。根据文章第一段“The ferocious wind shook the windows wildly, as though someone outside were beating on the glass.(狂风猛烈地摇动着窗户，好像外面有人在敲打着玻璃。)”，结合常识可知，风肯定很大才会像窗外有人敲打着玻璃；形容风特别大可以用形容词fierce“猛的”、strong“强的”或violent“暴力的”。故答案为Fierce./ Strong./ Violent。
73．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“We had fifteen people standing around and we still had to cook dinner. How would we do that without electricity?(我们有15个人站着，我们还得做晚饭。没有电，我们要怎么办呢？)” 可知当时有15个人共同准备迎接新年，如何在断电的情况下准备这么多人的晚餐，变得很困难。故答案为No electricity./ The power failure./ There was no electricity./ Electricity was gone.。
74．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Why not cook on the barbecue?(为什么不在烧烤架上做呢)”、“so we all sat around the dining room table and sang up until a few minutes before midnight.(所以我们都坐在餐厅的桌子旁，一直唱到午夜前几分钟。)”和“we all counted down and I dropped a tennis ball!(我们都开始倒数，然后我掉了一个网球！)” 可知，大家在烧烤架上做了饭、唱了歌，也做了新年倒数。故答案为They cooked on the barbecue, sang, and counted down./ By cooking on the barbecue, singing, and counting down.。
75．考查推理判断。根据文章第四段“Nowadays, we still get together with the same group to celebrate the New Year and we still talk about that special night. I don’t think we have ever laughed so much as we did on that New Year’s Eve. (现在，我们仍然聚在一起庆祝新年，我们仍然谈论那个特别的夜晚。我想我们从来没有像那个新年前夜那样笑得那么开心过。)”可知，作者认为那一夜是特别的，是充满欢笑的。故答案为It was the most exciting one./ It was a night filled with laughter./ It was special./ Exciting./ Pleasant./ Unforgettable./ Joyful./ Different./ Memorable./ Unique.。
76．考查推理判断。本题要求考生基于对篇章整体内容的理解，对青年人面对突发事件应如何面对给出自己的想法，为开放性试题。故参考答案为：It is courage, for it gives us strength, which enables us to deal with difficulties.
77．They found the problem caused by pieces of trash humans left was worse than expected.
78．Disposable plastics.
79．Individual efforts and international rules are both required to tackle the plastic pollution, and the U. N. pays much attention to calling for international action. Because the U.N. don’t pay enough attention to calling for international action on plastic pollution.
80．As a students, I will try our best to reduce the use of disposable plastic bags, make publicity and appeal to people to reduce the use of plastic to protect the environment.

【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过介绍科科斯群岛的塑料污染问题，表达了对环境问题的担忧，呼吁各方采取国际合作，制定国际规则来解决这一普遍的、全球性的灾难。
77．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段第二句“Knowing that lots of beaches were polluted by plastic wastes, the team conducted a careful scientific examination on the coast, only to find the problem caused by pieces of trash humans left was worse than expected.（了解到很多海滩被塑料废物污染，研究小组在海岸上进行了仔细的检查，只发现了人类留下的垃圾产生的问题比预期更为严重。）”可知，Jennifer和她的研究小组发现在科科斯群岛上人类留下的垃圾造成的问题比预期更为严重。故答案为They found the problem caused by pieces of trash humans left was worse than expected.
78．考查细节理解。根据第三段的“However, other plastics, especially disposable(一次性的) plastics, account for the growing mess on the beaches. Islands all over the world are jammed with plastics. And the Cocos Islands are no exception.(然而，其他塑料，尤其是一次性塑料，造成了海滩上越来越多的混乱。世界各地的岛屿都塞满了塑料。科科斯群岛也不例外。)”可知，一次性塑料导致了沙滩上的垃圾越来越多。故答案为Disposable plastics.
79．考查细节理解。根据第六段第一句However, the U.N.,   which engages in dealing with accelerating climate change and public health crises,   obviously isn't paying enough attention to calling for international action on plastic pollution. （然而，致力于应对日益加剧的气候变化和公共卫生危机的联合国，显然没有足够重视呼吁对塑料污染采取国际行动。）可知，联合国对塑料污染的态度是没有给予足够的关心。故划线句Individual efforts and international rules are both required to tackle the plastic pollution, and the U. N. pays much attention to calling for international action.的错误是the U. N. pays much attention to calling for international action.，因为联合国没有给予足够关注呼吁国际行动。故答案为Individual efforts and international rules are both required to tackle the plastic pollution, and the U. N. pays much attention to calling for international action.，Because the U.N. don’t pay enough attention to calling for international action on plastic pollution.
80．主观题。本文是开放式试题，答案不唯一。根据文章最后一段内容“It requires the greatest effort of all time to control plastic pollution in modern society. No matter how tall the hurdles(栏架) are, something has to be done.(在现代社会，控制塑料污染需要尽最大的努力。无论障碍有多大，都必须有所作为。)”，作为学生应该尽自己的努力减少塑料污染，保护地球，参考答案：As a students, I will try our best to reduce the use of disposable plastic bags, make publicity and appeal to people to reduce the use of plastic to protect the environment.
81．The New York Public Library must be saved/Save the New York Public Library
82．We can find a lot of books and paintings, some of which are valuable.
83．Books.
84．To save money.
85．I suggest that whoever uses the books pay a one-year deposit, because the funds can maintain the operation of the library.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了纽约公共图书馆处于危险中，必须及时拯救。
81．考查主旨大意。通读全文，根据第一段“One of New York’s most beautiful and valuable buildings is in danger. The New York Public Library, in the heart of the city at 42nd Street and 5th Avenue, may have to close its door. (纽约最美丽、最有价值的建筑之一正处于危险之中。位于市中心第42街和第5大道交汇处的纽约公共图书馆可能要关门了。)”和最后一段“Yet a way must be found to save the library because, as one writer said, ‘The Public Library is the most important building in New York City—it contains all our knowledge.’(然而，必须找到拯救图书馆的方法，因为正如一位作家所说：‘公共图书馆是纽约市最重要的建筑——它包含了我们所有的知识。’)”可知，本文主要讲述了纽约公共图书馆处于危险中，必须及时拯救。故答案为The New York Public Library must be saved/Save the New York Public Library。
82．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The library has over thirty million books and paintings. It owns one of the first copies of a Shakespeare play, a Bible printed by Gutenberg in the 15th century, and a letter written by Columbus in which he told of finding the new world. (图书馆有3000多万册书籍和绘画。它拥有莎士比亚戏剧的第一批副本之一，古登堡在15世纪印刷的圣经，以及哥伦布发现新大陆的一封信。)”可知，在图书馆我们能发现大量的书画，它们中有一些非常珍贵。故答案为We can find a lot of books and paintings, some of which are valuable.
83．考查词句猜测。划线词句前文（上一段中）“And what books there are to work with! The library has over thirty million books and paintings. (有多少书可以使用啊！图书馆有3000多万册书籍和绘画。)”说明图书馆藏书非常丰富，从而推知划线词句“Every New Yorker can see and use the library’s riches—free. (每个纽约人都可以免费浏览和使用图书馆的riches。)”其中划线词汇指的是“书籍”的意思。故答案为Books.
84．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“In the past, it was open every evening, and also on Saturdays and Sundays. Now it is closed at those times to save money. (在过去，它每天晚上开放，周六和周日也开放。现在为了省钱，这些时间都关门了。)”可知，现在星期六和星期天不开门是为了省钱。故答案为To save money.
85．开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，本文讲述了藏书丰富的纽约公共图书馆处于危险中，必须及时拯救。根据第五段中“The library is trying in every possible way to raise money to meet its increasing costs. (图书馆正在千方百计筹集资金以应付日益增加的开支。)”可知，图书馆的困难是缺少资金，所以，建议可以是：凡使用图书的人，都要交付一年的押金，因为这样资金就可以维持图书馆的运营。故答案为I suggest that whoever uses the books pay a one-year deposit, because the funds can maintain the operation of the library.
86．It’s for 6-to-10-year-old children.
OR: Children aged 6 to 10
87．Because he thought he could do well
OR: Because he thought he could do as well as other kids.
88．The author wanted to run away and hide himself until the competition was over.
OR: The author wanted to give up taking part in the competition.
OR: The author wanted to drop out of the competition.
89．It talks about the author’s performance in the sheep riding.
OR: How the author failed in the sheep riding.
90．One possible answer: No. Because the process of the competition is more important.


【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者参加骑羊比赛的一次经历。虽然作者比赛失败了，但却有所收获。
86．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Mutton busting is like bull riding, but instead of bulls, they use sheep. And in place of the men, it’s children between six and ten years old who try to hang on for eight seconds.(骑羊就像骑公牛，但他们用绵羊代替公牛。取而代之的是六到十岁的孩子他们试图坚持八秒钟。)”可知，骑羊比赛（mutton busting）主要为六到十岁的孩子准备的，故答案为It’s for 6-to-10-year-old children. OR: Children aged 6 to 10.
87．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“It took me all of five minutes to say yes to the idea of riding a sheep...I figured I could ride a sheep as well as the next kid.(我花了五分钟才同意骑羊。我想我可以像其他孩子一样骑羊。)”可知，作者同意参加这个比赛，是因为他认为自己会像其他孩子一样骑羊，即认为自己会表现得好，故答案为Because he thought he could do well. OR: Because he thought he could do as well as other kids.
88．考查词句猜测。根据划线单词上文“I wanted to run out of the field and hide in the hot car until it was over.(我想跑出战场，躲在车里，直到一切结束。)”可推知，“this idea(这个主意)”指的是作者想要跑出战场，躲在车里，直到比赛结束，即他想要放弃/退出比赛。故答案为The author wanted to run away and hide himself until the competition was over. OR: The author wanted to give up taking part in the competition. OR: The author wanted to drop out of the competition.
89．考查主旨大意。根据第五段中“Then the gate opened, and I quickly discovered that my hold was too weak. Within three seconds I had fallen off the sheep, and found myself face-down on the sun-baked earth. The sheep thought this was its time to take revenge (复仇), and attacked me from behind. There I lay, hat down, covered in dirt, with tears streaming down my face. I looked behind me to see my mother running to comfort me.(然后大门打开了，我很快发现我的支撑力太弱了。不到三秒钟，我就从羊身上摔了下来，发现自己脸朝下躺在被太阳烤焦的土地上。羊认为这是它报复我的时候到了，于是从背后袭击我。我躺在那里，帽子脱落，浑身是泥，泪水顺着脸颊流下来。我回头看见妈妈跑过来安慰我。)”可知，第五段主要讲述了作者在骑羊比赛中的表现，即作者是如何在骑羊中失败的，故答案为It talks about the author’s performance in the sheep riding. OR: How the author failed in the sheep riding.
90．开放题，言之有理即可。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Sadly, I didn’t win anything, not even the respect of these rodeo animals. I did find a new admiration for those little balls of wool, though.(可悲的是，我什么也没赢，甚至没有得到这些竞技动物的尊重。不过我倒是对那些小毛球有了新的敬佩之情。)”可知，作者参加骑羊比赛虽然失败了，但是作者却有所收获，由此可以得出的一个答案是：赢得比赛不是很重要，因为参加比赛的过程更重要，故答案为No. Because the process of the competition is more important.