牛津译林版八年级上册Reading知识点教学设计

Lesson 11 8AUnit4(Comic-Reading)

8A—Unit4 Do it yourself

知识点梳理1：

Welcome to the unit

1.Here are clear instructions 这儿是清楚的说明

2.What’s next ? 下一步是什么？

3.had better do sth 最好做某事  had better not do sth 最好不做某事

4.be popular among sb  受某人欢迎

5.It says 上面写着

6.DIY = do it yourself

7.stand for 代表

8.repair or decorate things 修理或装饰东西

9.instead of (doing) sth 代替，而不是

10.pay sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事

11.make some paper roses 做一些纸玫瑰

12.a pair of scissors 一副剪刀

13.make something new 做新的东西

Reading

14.be crazy about 着迷于

15.look terrible 看起来可怕（terribly adv）

16.look/sound/ taste/ smell /feel（摸上去） + adj.

17.He once (曾经) tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom .    once a year 一年一次

18.put in a brighter light   放入一个更亮一些的灯 put in 安装，插话

19.make a mistake 犯错误

20.his whole house 他的整个房子

21.have a power cut 停电，供电中断

22.put up a picture on the wall 张贴一张照片在墙上   put away 把某物收好

23.hit the pipe 碰到管道

24.fill……with…… 用……装满……   be filled with = be full of装满,充满

26.keep on doing sth 不停地做某事

27.not only…but (also)…不但…而且…（就近原则）Not only yu but also he speaks French well

28.one end of the shelf 架子的一端

29.much higher than the other 远高于另一端

30.advise sb (not) to do sth 建议某人(不)做某事   give me some advice 给某人一些建议

31.take a course in DIY 上/参加一个DIY的课程

32.attend lessons/ a meeting   上课/参加会议

33.fail to do sth 未能做某事

34.get better at DIY 在DIY方面变得更好

知识点一 Comic strip-- Reading重点知识点梳理

1. It says,"Do it yourself”. 说明上写着"自己动手做”。(P42)

本句中的“it says”意思是“那上面说或'写着”，这是一种特殊的语言表达方式。

例: It may be necessary to put up a notice saying “Keep off".

张贴一张“请勿靠近”的布告是必要的。

【拓展】say和告示、通告搭配使用也表示文字材料“说或写着”，另外，read除了用人作主语，表示“阅读”之外，还可以用有文字的东西做主语，表示“被阅读”读起来“写着”“内容是”。

例：Look, On the top of the car is a sign that reads：student driver.

看，车顶上有个标志上面写有：学员司机。

What should 1 do first?

The instructions_______ that you should mix milk with water carefully first.

A. speak    B. tell    C. write D. say

2.It stands for “do it yourself.” (P43)

stand for 代表；支持；象征

例：They know what they stand for. 他们知道他们代表什么。

【拓展】stand up站起来;坚持；竖立；站得住脚；拥护

stand on 坚持；依靠；位于；stand out突出：站出来；坚持到底

stand by支持;袖手旁观；准备；站在旁边；can't stand无法忍受

例：Her talents stand out in comparison with the others.

和其他那些人比起来，她的才能很突出。

The pain on the back is so heavy______ I really can’t ______ it.

A. that; have   B. that ;stand   C. for; have   D. to; stand

3.When you do DIY, you make, repair or decorate things... (P43)

1） Repair vi. 修理；修复 vt.修理；恢复”n.修理.修补

例：He turned the chair on its side to repair it. 她把椅子翻转过来修理。

I've no idea how to repair cars by myself. 我不知道怎样独自修理汽车。

【辨析】repair, fix, mend三个词都含有“修理、修补”的意思，有时可以通用，但也有些区别。

1）repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损坏或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。

2）mend的意’思是恢复某物原来的样子（包括用针、线来缝补），一般指较小之物。

3）fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构.把松散的部件固定结 实，将分离的物体各部分装配起来。用于美国口语中，与re­pair无多大区别。

例：Who has repaired the broken bike? 谁把坏自行车修好了？

This T-shirt is too old to mend. 这件衣服太旧不能补了。

Can you fix the broken leg of the chair? 你能修理那把椅子坏了的腿吗？

单项选择

China will spend about 52 billion yuan______ new airports and______ old ones in the west of China in the next Five-Year Plan period(时期）.

A. repairing ; building  B. to build; repair  C. building; repairing  D. to repairs; build

2）decorate vt.&vi.装饰；布置

例：He decorated his room with pictures of all his favourite singers.

他用他所喜爱的所有歌手的照片装饰自己的房间。

The children are planning to decorate when they get the time.

孩子们正计划在他们有时间的时候装修。 .

【拓展】decorate with以… 来装饰

decorate the house 装饰房间; decoration n.装饰,装演;装饰品

例：Decorate the house with decorations you make. 用自己做的装饰物来装饰房子。

根据汉语意思完成句子

去年，我们装饰房屋过圣诞节。

We__________ for Christmas last year.

4..., but he hit a pipe and filled ...(P44)

Fill vt. 装满，使充满；满足 vi.被充满

例：The hall soon filled(with people). 大厅里不久就坐满了人。

Please fill the cup with water. 请把这个杯子装满水。

【拓展】fill in填写；填充 fill out填写；变丰满，变大；fill up填补；装满；堵塞 fill with装满，充满

fill in the blanks 填空；fill in the form 填写表格

fill up with 用 填满；fill out a form 填表； fill into 填充

例：Fill out the application carefully，and keep copies of it.

仔细填写申请表，并保留备份。

【点睛】be filled with“被……充满”和be full of为同义短语。

例：The young men are full of energy. 年轻人充满着活力。

单项选择

There should be something________ your stocking _______.

A. to fill ;/ B. to fill;with   C. full;of  D. to fill; of

5.I also advised him to take a course in DIY. (P44)

1)  advise动词，意为“建议，忠告，劝告”，常用结构有：

 advise doing sth建议做某事，不能说advise to do sth.。如：

He advised leaving early.

他建议早点动身。

I advise waiting till the proper time..

我建议等到适当的时机。

 advise sb. to do sth建议某人做某事。如：

He advised me to buy a computer.

他建议我买台电脑。

The doctor advised me to take a complete rest.

医生建议我彻底休息一下。

 advise sb. against doing sth. ＝advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人别做某事。如：

He advised her against going out alone at night.

＝He advised her not to go out alone at night.

他建议她晚上不要独自外出。

2)  take a course 修一门课

例：He will take a course at school next year.

他明年将去学校修一门课程。

He began to take a course in spoken English recently.

他最近开始上英语会话课程。

根据汉语意思完成句子

下周我妹妹将修一门游泳课。

My sister will__________ next week.

6.I am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday. (P44)

Attend vt. 出席；上(大学等）vi.出席;致力于

例：Thousands of people attended his funeral. 数千人参加了他的葬礼。

【拓展】attend a meeting参加会议；attend school 上学； attend class 上课

attend on照料；侍候 attend a lecture听讲座；上课attend university 上大学

例：I am going to attend a lecture given by Dr Smith. 我打算去听史密斯博士的讲座。

【辨析】attend，take part in, join, join in都有“参加;参与；加入”的意思。但还是有区别。

加人某党派、某组织或某社会闭体，用join。 参加某种活动用join in，如说“与某人一起做某事”，则用 join sb. in sth. / doing sth.。

join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。

take part in参加(群众性活动、会议等），往往指参加者持积 极态度，起一定作用。

attend是正式用语，指参加会议，娇礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学，听报告等。句子的主语只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积 极作用。

例: When did your brother join the Party? 你哥哥什么时候入党的？

We'll take part in social practice during the summer vaca­tion. 暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。

The teacher will attend an important meeting tomorrow. 老师明天要参加一个重要的会议。

根据汉语意思完成句子

你能参加今天下午的会议吗？

Can you__________ this afternoon, Tom?

7. Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor. (P44)

现在客厅不仅有蓝色的墙壁，还有蓝色的天花板和地板。

 not only…but also…意为“不但……而且……”，是并列连词，在句子中可连接相同的成分。连接主语时，谓语动词应和最近的主语保持一致。

类似用法的短语有：either... or...或者……或者……；neither…nor…既不……也不……（两者都不）。如：

Not only the students but also the teacher likes the movie.

不仅学生，而且老师也喜欢这部电影。（连接主语）

She not only sings well but also dances well.

她不但歌唱得好而且舞跳得也好。（连接谓语）

He plays not only the violin but also the piano.

他不但拉小提琴而且也弹钢琴。（连接宾语）

She is not only a dancer but also a writer.

她不仅是位舞蹈家，还是位作家。（连接表语）

Either you or I am wrong.或者是你错了，或者是我错了。

Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没有错。

知识点巩固1

单词拼写

（1）

1．He bought a set(套)of the_______（工具）．

2．What's UFO_______（确切地），Mike?

3. She is_______（已经）17 years old. She can look after herself.

4. They didn't invite the boy_______（反而）．

5. Did you_______（出席）your son's parents' meeting yesterday?

6．He is a good_______（例子；榜样）in our class.

7．It's_______ (可能的）to rain this evening.

8.No matter what happens, we'll keep the_______（秘密）．

9．He kept_______（拼写）the word wrong.

10._______（使处于某种状态）the wet book in the sun for some time.

（2）

1. The water is running from the __________ (管子).

2. The doctor __________ (建议) him to stop smoking.

3. It took us a whole day to paint the __________ (天花板). 

4. Tony is __________ (已经) taller than me, and he’s only eleven.

5. I’d like to take a writing __________ (课程) when I have free time.

6. The book was famous __________ (曾经). But nobody reads it today.

7. The ________ (可怕的) earthquake happened in Lu Dian on August 3rd, 2014.

 根据首字母或括号内所给单词提示，用合适的单词填空

1. The truck was __________ (fill) with wood. 

2. There are many __________ (shelf) in the bookshop.

3. It is too hot to walk and we’ll go swimming i__________.

4. John didn’t a__________ the meeting because he was ill.

5. Go skating on such thin (薄的) ice! You must be c__________.

6. Jill is a careless girl and she often makes m__________ in her homework.

7. The cinema had to stop the film because of the sudden p__________ c__________.

根据句子意思，从方框中选择恰当的短语填空

1. She plans to ____________ Maths this term.

2. I’m ____________ Michael Jackson’s rock and roll. 

3. I ____________, but you should give me a chance (机会) .

4. The children are ____________ energy (精力). They run and play all day. 

5. We ____________ a new sink (水槽) in the kitchen. 

6. Mary, don’t ____________ the bottle ______________ water.

7. Now ____________ the young ____________ the old are learning to speak English.

根据句意，选用方框中所给动词的适当形式填空

1. Philip tried _____________ each question by himself.

2. We can use some roses and pictures ____________ our bedroom.

3. It took him two hours _____________ this washing machine last nigh.

4. The doctor advised me _____________ at home for a few days. 

5. My mother spends ten minutes ____________ up the picture on the wall.

6. It’s rather hot in the room. You’d better not ____________ the windows or the door.

同义句转换，每空一词

1. Her brother and she go to the same school.

  Her brother and she ________ the same school.

2. Amy didn’t pass the driving test.

  Amy _________ ________ pass the driving test.

3. The sky is full of clouds.

  The sky ________ ________ ________ clouds.

4. She never does her homework. Instead, she plays baseball all day.

  She plays baseball all day ________ ________ _________ her homework.

5. Miss Green is both a good teacher and a good friend.

  Miss Green is ________ ________ a good teacher ________ ________ a good friend.

根据汉语意思，完成下列句子，每空填一词

1. 人们在树林中搭建了很多帐篷。

   People ________ ________ ________ ________ in the forest.

2. 我建议爸爸把卧室涂成黄色。

   I ________ my father ________ ________ my bedroom ________.

3. 他一遍又一遍地给我们讲同一个故事。

He ________ ________ ________ us the same story over and over. 

4. 我们为老年之家安装了几台空调。

   We ________ ________ a few air-conditioners ________ the old people’s home.

5. 昨晚整个小区都停电了。

   The ________ community ________ ________ ________ _________ yesterday evening.

6. 尽量仔细一些，下次犯的错误会更少。                                   

________ _______ be more careful, and then you’ll ________ ________ ________ next time.

提升：

完型填空

    Everybody wants success. Some people work hard to 1          it, while others just talk about it. Often, it just seems like something too far out of 2          .

The truth is that to 3         is closer than you think. It’s just on the other side you have to want it enough. Fear is your 4           obstacle(障碍), fear of failure, fear of the judgment of others and fear of actually succeeding. It will let you make 5        on the way to success. It will cause you to make decisions that may seem “6        ” at the time, but they’re also keeping you from actually getting over that wall.

Success has no excuses. When you find a reason not to take another step towards success, you stop being 7        . On the other side of obstacles, everyone faces changes, different ones at different times. We all handle the same challenges 8         , so we get different results. An obstacle is something you either find a way around or allow to stop you. It is like a ladder of success, because you need to 9          it in order to get somewhere. Sometimes, it will be easy. Other times, you’ll be carrying a 10          load(负担) on your shoulders. Success still waits on the other side.

1．A．wait B．pass C．get

2．A．order B．control C．reach

3．A．success B．failure C．dream

4．A．best B．biggest C．smallest

5．A．mistakes B．faces C．troubles

6．A．funny B．right C．wrong

7．A．unhealthy B．successful C．perfect

8．A．luckily B．similarly C．differently

9．A．climb B．cut C．carry

10．A．light B．thin C．heavy

三、阅读单选

You may not realize it, but you are doing much more than just studying when you are at school. School is also the place where you learn to get on well with people. But this is not always easy. What can you do if you just don’t like one of your classmates?

If you discover (发现) that you have problems getting on with your classmates or friends, the most important thing to learn is tolerance. Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect (尊敬) the differences in others. We can not change the way that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them.

Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other. Getting to know someone may help you understand why he does things differently. Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad. Tolerance teaches us to keep a temperate and open mind.

You need to remember an old saying, “Treat (对待) others how you want to be treated.” If you tolerate something, it does not mean that you have to like it. No one is asking you to change who you are or what you believe in. Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change.

It is important to practice tolerance, because it will make everyone’s life easier. Learn to accept people for their different abilities and interests. The world is very different, and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference.

1．This passage is trying to tell us ______.

A．what’s important for a student

B．what students should do at school

C．how to get on well with people different from us

D．how to get others to do things in the right way

2．From the first paragraph we know that at school ______.

A．it’s easier for someone to hate others

B．getting along with others is not a great deal

C．most students are getting on well with each other

D．students are learning more than just studying

3．What is tolerance according to the passage?______

A．Accept people as they are.

B．Believe you are always right.

C．Expect everybody to be the same.

D．Change yourself to please other people.

4．The underlined word “temperate” in Paragraph 3 means “______” in Chinese.

A．温和的 B．无礼的 C．激进的 D．负责任的

5．The last paragraph suggests that ______.

A．tolerance can only be learned at school

B．living with people of the same interests is easier

C．practicing tolerance can help make a better world

D．people have different interests and abilities