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2022-2023学年北京市石景山区高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)
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这是一份2022-2023学年北京市石景山区高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共18页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年北京市石景山区高一（上）期末英语试卷
On a cold winter evening，Ted was walking home when suddenly came screams from behind some trees. (1)， he slowed down to listen，and realized a boy was being robbed（抢劫） not far from where he stood.
" Should I go to help him？" Ted thought.He was worried about his own (2)，and regretted having decided to take a new way home that night."What if I'm hurt too？Shouldn't I just rush to the nearest phone and call the police？"But already the boy's cries were growing(3).He knew it was time for him to act fast.
Ted was not a (4)man，but once he had finally determined to help the boy，he became suddenly changed.Ted ran behind the trees and(5)the robber off the boy.Struggling，both of them fell to the ground，where they fought for a few minutes until the man jumped up and (6).
(7) heavily，Ted stood up and came up to the boy，who was still crying.In the darkness，he could not see him clearly，but he could certainly feel the boy's shock.Not wanting to frighten him any further，Ted spoke to him from a (8).
" It's OK，" Ted said (9)." The man ran away.You' re safe." There was a long stop and then he heard the words，said in both wonder and (10)，" Dad，is that you？" And then，from behind the trees，stepped out Ted's youngest son，Tommy!
1. A. Frightened B. Excited C. Encouraged D. Disappointed
2. A. secret B. future C. safety D. family
3. A. deeper B. weaker C. calmer D. farther
4. A. kind B. strict C. mean D. brave
5. A. pulled B. dropped C. turned D. cleared
6. A. escaped B. fought C. succeeded D. rested
7. A. Walking B. Pressing C. Suffering D. Breathing
8. A. tree B. corner C. distance D. store
9. A. briefly B. firmly C. softly D. happily
10. A. peace B. surprise C. pain D. anger
11.
A
My name is Adam，I find it a big challenge to be a freshman at senior high school.I am sure that there are a lot (1) （explore），and I know I'll have to study (2) （hard） than before and get used to taking responsibility for a lot more.Though I may meet with a lot of (3) （difficulty），I will try to be well prepared for university or whatever else comes.
B
A new study has found that the most common favorite color is blue，a color in nature.For (4) we always have a preference.It (5) （believe） that a blue sky is enough to make many people extremely happy.In reality，the only negative association with blue is in the English language.People say they"have the blues"or"are feeling blue"， (6) （mean）they are sad.
C
One very famous symbol in American culture is a cartoon.We all know (7) love the black mouse with two large round cars—Mickey Mouse.Over 80 years ago，he first (8) （appear） in the cartoon Steamboat Willie.When this cartoon came out in New York (9) November 18，1928，it was the first cartoon with sound and music.The man behind Mickey was Walt Disney， (10) never thought he would make 87 cartoons with Mickey in the next decade.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
C
When searching for something fun and educational to do in Maryland，why not visit the Maryland Science Center？It is located at 601 Light Street，Baltimore.The ticket prices vary depending on ages，groups and the exhibits you choose.Click for more information.
Introduction
The Maryland Science Center is basically a museum，but it gives everyone a chance to learn through experience and play，rather than just glance at an exhibit.
Activities
You can learn about various topics，including outer space，the human body，dinosaurs.electricity，marine（海洋的） biology，energy，and much more.You can also take part in the interactive activities，such as racing bubbles，digging for dinosaur fossils，using puzzle pieces to construct cars，and so much more.
The Davis Planetarium（天文馆）
At the Davis Planetarium，you can be back in a chair and look at the stars while still inside the Science Center.The stars will appear on the ceiling of the theatre as you watch them.
There are different shows to catch at the Davis Planetarium.You can learn about the galaxy and astronomy during the Dark Matters show.Learn about the stars and planets during the Sky Live show.The One World One Sky show allows children to explore the stars.The Live from the Sun show will teach you all about the hot sun.
The Kids Room
For children，they can't miss the Kids Room.They will be able to play in a water area，construct dams and water towers，push buttons，ring doorbells，build with blocks，and more.and definitely they will learn a lot.In addition，there is also an area for kids of two years old.and under，where they can crawl，walk and explore safely with soft toys.
12. What do we know about the Maryland Science Center？ ______
A. It charges different prices for adults and kids.
B. It is regarded as the most popular museum in Maryland.
C. It is a museum where there are many famous exhibitions.
D. It is mainly designed for children and their families to play together.
13. If you want to know why the sun shines，which show should you choose？ ______
A. The Dark Matters show. B. The Sky Live show.
C. The Live from the Sun show. D. The One World One Sky show.
14. Where is the text probably taken from？ ______
A. A travel plan. B. An academic column.
C. An educational magazine. D. An online advertisement.
D
Carlos，a businessman，is tall，with a lively face.His son Paco isn't as tall as his father，but his long arms and legs suggest he'll still grow taller.Whenever Paco isn't concentrating on his smartphone，he can be seen in scuba gear（水中呼吸装置）.It is through this hobby that he bonds with his dad.
Paco，who is 14，is the second oldest among Carlos' children：Javier，21，Adriana，10，and Carolina，6."I try to find common ground between me and my kids.I find something we all have in common，and then go from there，"says Carlos."It's all different with each of them.My eldest doesn't like diving like Paco.So，for example.if they like games，I approach talking with them through their games，and then go from there.It's just being there for them，listening to them，and knowing their problems and anxieties.You just need to let them know you're there for them."
For Carlos and Paco，it was diving，a hobby that the former started in 1997 when his dad bought a boat and decided to buy scuba gear for the whole family."I got certified（获得认证） with my brother Richie.It was an on and off thing with diving." Carlos shares."Three years ago，I learned that Paco wanted to study how to dive as well，which gave me a reason to go back to diving."
"We even got certified for the advanced open water course together.That's how committed we are to diving，"Carlos says. "Hanging out with my dad is really fun because we get to create a lot of memories.Also，he always lets me have as much food as I want，so that's a plus，"Paco adds.The two then talked about some of their best trips together when diving."The most unforgettable one for me was our five-day Visayan live-aboard dive trip.The sights were excellent，and it was three dives a day，so we went underwater to our heart's content.What else could I ask for？"says Carlos.
15. Carlos gets along well with his children by ______ .
A. learning some new skills from his children
B. training his children to be professional athletes
C. getting to know his kids through common interests
D. keeping his kids away from problems and anxieties
16. What can we learn about Carlos' diving？ ______
A. He was bad at it in the beginning.
B. He put it aside for a period of time.
C. He has been sticking to the hobby since 1997.
D. He got certified under the direction of his dad.
17. How does Paco feel being with his dad？ ______
A. He opens up more easily. B. He enjoys more freedom.
C. He is much safer. D. He learns faster.
E
The sun is setting，brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves.You reach for your phone for this perfect moment.But before you do，here's a bit of surprising science：Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.
Taking too many pictures could actually harm the brain's ability to keep memories，says Elizabeth Loftus，a psychology professor at the University of California，Irvine.So we get the photo but kind of lose the memory.
Photos may memories.It works in two ways：We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures，or we're so distracted（分心的）by the process that we miss the moment altogether.
The first explanation is the loss of memory.People know that their camera is recording that moment，so they don't try to remember.Similarly，if you write down someone's phone number，you're less likely to remember it offhand because your brain tells you there's just no need.That's all well and good—until that piece of paper goes missing.
The other is distraction.We're distracted by the process of taking a photo—how we hold our phone，composing the photo，such as smiling faces，the background to our liking and clear image，all of which uses up our attention that could otherwise help us memorize.
However，taking photos can benefit memory—when done mindfully.While taking a photo may be distracting，the act of preparation by focusing on visual details around has some upsides.When people take the time to zoom in（拉近镜头） on specific things，memories become strengthened.
Another benefit is that we recall moments more accurately with the photos.Memory has been reshaped with the help of new information and new experiences.Thus，photos or videos help us recall moments as if they really happened.
Memories die away without a visual record backing them up.Therefore，a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully，which is worth exploring further.
18. What is the purpose of the first paragraph？ ______
A. To bring up a topic. B. To present an experience.
C. To show an approach. D. To give a suggestion.
19. What does the underlined word"outsource"in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ ______
A. Make full use of. B. Get rid of.
C. Take the place of. D. Are made up of.
20. What may likely be discussed next？ ______
A. Situations when taking photos is better.
B. How to stay focused while taking photos.
C. When distraction is most likely to happen.
D. How to use photo-taking to memorize better.
21. Which of the following could be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Photography or Memories
B. Fewer Photos，More Memories
C. Photography Does Good to Memories
D. Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly
F
The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade.A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age.On the other hand，I hesitated.I only knew the basics，but was foreign to some words on social media.
All throughout middle school，I stuck with the same thinking.And now，as a freshman in college，I am looking back and wondering why I，unlike my classmates，have never been naturally interested in social media.
Scanning Instagram，you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries，taking part in exciting activities，and spending time with friends and family，among many other things.The thought of doing this has never related to me.I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others.However，I have never had any interest in doing the same.In my eyes，when not shared with others，family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful，if not more so.
Most people have experienced feeling insecure（不安全） and unconfident on social media.Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways.Even without using social media，I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual.I've never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.
I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted（使分心） by social media.While trying to complete their homework，they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages.With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day，I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list，so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day.
22. What can we know from the first two paragraphs？ ______
A. Social media are popular in schools.
B. Young pupils suffer from social media.
C. The author has no access to social media.
D. Social media contribute to students' study.
23. From paragraph 3，we can know that ______
A. Students get easily distracted by social media.
B. Pictures of people taking part in exciting activities are not real.
C. Family gatherings are not meaningful if not shared with others.
D. The author never shares aspects of his lives with others on social media.
24. Why do people using social media might feel insecure？ ______
A. They post their images on social media.
B. They follow other people's beauty standards totally.
C. Social media change the way they look at themselves.
D. Social media encourage them to be a unique individual.
25. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ ______
A. A to-do list can stop people using social media.
B. Social media can waste people's valuable time.
C. Spending time with family always enjoys first priority.
D. Students pay more attention to social media than to study.
How to deal with your homework
Write it down. (1) Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won't forget anything.
Create a homework station.Find somewhere comfortable and quiet to do your home work. (2) It will take twice as long to get the homework done.Shut off your cell phone，log off （退出） your computer （unless you need it for your homework） and close the door.
Do homework as early as possible.Don't leave homework to the last minute. (3) The earlier you start your homework，the sooner you will finish!Do all your homework as early as you can，so you don't have a pile of （一堆） homework the next day.
(4) Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject.For example：English-ten minutes，science-ten minutes，math-forty minutes，history-twenty minutes.
Treat yourself.You can easily get tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping.Once you finish homework for a subject，take a small break （no more than 15 minutes）.Either taking a walk or finding something to eat will do.But do not turn on the TV，or you'll never go back to your study.
(5)
A.Use your time wisely.
B.Start as soon as you get home.
C.Start with your hardest homework.
D.Do not burn the midnight oil，either.
E.Never do your homework in front of the TV.
F.After short breaks，return to finish the rest of your homework.
G.Keep a homework notebook where you record all your homework.
26. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
27. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
28. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
31. Adilah was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories.One story was about sharks.They had plastic in their stomachs.Adilah knew she needed to do something.First，she joined a group.It organized clean-up activities in Dubai，her home city. "The group helps me understand what a person can do and how I can really make a difference." she says.
Then Adilah created Kids for a Better World.Its goal is to fight climate change.It has brought together nearly 10，000 youths.They come from all over the world.Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16.It teaches them about what they can do to deal with climate change.They can grow food or plant trees.They can collect recyclables."This is the information which can help change our future."Adilah says.
Dubai is a desert big city.Growing up there has made Adilah understand the need for action.Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.She believes young people can bring attention to these environmental challenges.
Adilah is all about small actions.But she has big plans.She'd like to go to college in California.While she's there，she'll continue being an activist.She'll also be running Kids for a Better World.She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet.
(1) Where is Adilah's home city？ ______
(2) What risks does Adilah's city face？ ______
(3) Please underline the false part in the following statement and explain why.
Adilah created Kids for a Better World，whose goal is to teach youths how to grow food or plant trees. ______
（4）Among Adilah's qualities，which one（s） do you think will be important for us？Why？
（In about 40 words） ______
32. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在他所在城市举办的主题为"Protecting World Wildlife"海报设计大赛中，获得一等奖，请给Jim写一封电子邮件，
内容包括：
（1）祝贺他获奖：
（2）肯定他的才华。
注意：（1）词数100字左右；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim.
__________
Yours.
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】A、C、B、D、A、A、D、C、C、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.Frightened害怕的；B.Excited兴奋的；C.Encouraged鼓励；D.Disappointed失望的。句意：他吓了一跳，放慢脚步倾听，意识到一个男孩在离他站的地方不远的地方被抢劫了。根据"On a cold winter evening，Ted was walking home when suddenly came screams from behind some trees."可知，夜晚行走时听到尖叫声从树后传来，这个男孩应该是感到害怕的。故选A。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.secret 秘密；B.future未来；C.safety安全；D.family家庭。句意：他担心自己的安全，后悔那天晚上决定另辟蹊径回家。根据"What if I'm hurt too？"可知，男孩担忧自己的安全。故选C。
（3）考查形容词比较级及语境理解。A.deeper更深的；B.weaker更弱的；C.calmer更平静的；D.farther更远的。句意：但男孩的哭声已经越来越弱了。他知道是时候让他快点行动了。根据"He knew it was time for him to act fast."可知，weaker"更弱的"符合语境。故选B。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.kind友好的；B.strict严厉的；C.mean吝啬的；D.brave勇敢的。句意：泰德不是一个勇敢的人，但一旦他最终决定要帮助这个男孩，他就突然变了。根据"but once he had finally determined to help the boy，he became suddenly changed"可知，这个男孩原本不是一个勇敢的人，因为要帮助这个男孩，他才有了勇气和力量。故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.pulled拉；B.dropped下降；C.turned转动；D.cleared清除。句意：泰德跑到树后，把强盗从男孩身上拽了下来。根据"Struggling，both of them fell to the ground，where they fought for a few minutes"可知，这个男孩和袭击者进行了斗争，pulled"拉"符合语境。故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.escaped逃跑；B.fought打架；C.succeeded成功；D.rested休息。句意：两人挣扎着摔倒在地，在地上搏斗了几分钟，直到那个人跳起来逃跑。根据句意可知，escaped"逃跑"符合语境。故选A。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.Walking行走；B.Pressing按压；C.Suffering遭遇；D.Breathing呼吸。句意：特德喘着粗气，站起身来，走到男孩面前，男孩还在哭。根据上文"they fought for a few minutes "可知，这个男孩和袭击者进行了斗争，在激烈的斗争后，肯定火感到气喘吁吁。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.tree树；B.corner角落；C.distance距离；D.store商店。句意：特德不想再吓他，就在远处和他说话。根据"Not wanting to frighten him any further"可知，distance"距离"符合语境。故选C。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.briefly简短地；B.firmly坚定地；C.softly温柔地，轻轻地；D.happily高兴地。句意："没事，"泰德轻声说道。根据"Not wanting to frighten him any further"可知，男孩收到惊吓后，不想再吓到男孩，所以会轻轻地说话。故选C。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.peace和平；B.surprise惊喜，惊讶；C.pain痛苦；D.anger愤怒。句意：停了很长一段时间，然后他听到了这句话，既好奇又惊讶地说："爸爸，是你吗？"根据句意可知，surprise"惊喜，惊讶"符合语境。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了在一个夜晚独自回家时，听到有个男孩被袭击时发出的求救声。一个男孩本想离开去报警，又担心男孩受到伤害，于是便鼓起勇气去救男孩。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
11.【答案】【小题1】to explore
【小题2】harder
【小题3】difficulties
【小题4】which
【小题5】is believed
【小题6】meaning
【小题7】and
【小题8】appeared
【小题9】on
【小题10】who
【解析】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：我相信还有很多东西需要探索，我知道我必须比以前更努力学习，并习惯承担更多的责任。句子分析可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰前文a lot，表示有很多东西要去探索，。故填to explore。
（2）考查比较级。句意：我相信还有很多东西需要探索，我知道我必须比以前更努力学习，并习惯承担更多的责任。结合句意和than before可知，此处用比较级。故填harder。
（3）考查可数名词复的数。句意：虽然我可能会遇到很多困难，我将努力为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。设空处在句中作宾语，名词difficulty表示"具体的困难，难题"，为可数名词，由空前a lot of修饰，故用复数形式。故填difficulties。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：一项新的研究发现，人们最喜欢的颜色是蓝色，这是一种我们总是偏爱的自然颜色。此处引导定语从句，先行词为a color，为物，在从句中作介词for的宾语。故填which。
（5）考查固定句式。句意：人们相信蓝天足以使许多人非常快乐。固定句型It is believed that..."人们相信……"。故填is believed。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：人们说他们"have the blues"或"are feeling blue"，意思是他们很悲伤。此处为非谓语动词作状语，people与mean之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填meaning。
（7）考查连词。句意：我们都知道并喜欢那只长着两只大耳朵的黑老鼠--米老鼠。分析句子可知，空前后两词为并列关系顺承关系，应用连词and。故填and。
（8）考查动词时态。句意：80多年前，他第一次出现在动画片《威利汽船》中。结合句意和时间状语Over 80 years ago可知，应用一般过去时。故填appeared。
（9）考查介词。句意：当1928年11月18日这部卡通在纽约上映的时候，这是第一部有声音和音乐的动画片。在具体的某一天，应用介词on，故填on。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：米老鼠背后的人是华特•迪士尼，他从未想过自己会在接下来的十年里用米奇制作87部动画片。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Walt Disney，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
A是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了Adam作为高一新生遇到了挑战，他将努力学习，承担更多的责任，为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。
B是一篇说明文。介绍了人们最喜欢的颜色--蓝色。
C是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国文化的一个显著标志--卡通米老鼠以及成名的经历。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
12~14.【答案】A、C、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句The ticket prices vary depending on ages，groups and the exhibits you choose.（门票价格因年龄、组别和您选择的展品而异。）可知，马里兰科学中心对成人和儿童收取不同的费用。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据The Davis Planetarium（天文馆）中The Live from the Sun show will teach you all about the hot sun.（The Live from the Sun节目将告诉你关于炎热的太阳的一切。）可知，如果你想知道为什么阳光普照，可以选择The Live from the Sun节目，故选C。
（3）文章出处题。阅读全文，并根据第一段When searching for something fun and educational to do in Maryland，why not visit the Maryland Science Center？It is located at 601 Light Street，Baltimore.The ticket prices vary depending on ages，groups and the exhibits you choose.Click here for more information.（想在马里兰州寻找一些有趣和有教育意义的事情，为什么不去参观马里兰州科学中心呢？它位于巴尔的光影街道601号。门票价格因年龄、组别和您选择的展品而异。单击此处了解更多信息。）可知，本文主要介绍了既有娱乐又有教育的旅游地方。由此可知文章出自一个旅游计划。故选A。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了集娱乐与教育于一体的旅游胜地--马里兰科学中心。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
15~17.【答案】C、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中It is through this hobby that he bonds with his dad.（正是通过这个爱好，他和他的父亲建立了联系）以及第二段中 I try to find common ground between me and my kids.（我试图找到我和孩子们之间的共同点）可知，Carlos在努力通过共同的兴趣来了解孩子。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中"For Carlos and Paco，it was diving，a hobby that the former started in 1997 when his dad bought a boat and decided to buy scuba gear for the whole family."I got certified （获得认证） with my brother Richie.It was an on and off thing with diving，" Carlos shares. （对Carlos和Paco来说，最重要的是潜水。前者的爱好始于1997年，当时他的父亲买了一艘船，并决定为全家购买潜水装备。我从我哥哥里奇那里获得了认证。这是一件断断续续的事情，" Carlos分享道）和"Three years ago，I learned that Paco wanted to study how to dive as well，which gave me a reason to go back to diving.（三年前，我得知Paco也想学习如何潜水，这给了我一个重返潜水的理由）"可知，Carlos把潜水搁置了一段时间。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段中"Hanging out with my dad is really fun because we get to create a lot of memories.Also，he always lets me have as much food as I want，so that's a plus，" Paco adds. （和爸爸一起玩真的很有趣，因为我们创造了很多回忆。而且，他总是让我想吃多少就吃多少，这是一个加分项，" Paco补充道。）可知，Paco感觉和爸爸在一起能享受更多自由。故选B。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Carlos在努力通过共同的兴趣来了解他的孩子，这一共同兴趣就是潜水，并介绍了Carlos的潜水经历以及Paco对此的看法。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
18~21.【答案】A、C、D、D
【解析】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段The sun is setting，brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves.You reach for your phone for this perfect moment.But before you do，here's a bit of surprising science：Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.（夕阳西下，当孩子们在海浪中玩耍时，他们的脸变得明亮起来。在这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在此之前，有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你想象中的保持记忆的完美方式。）可知，本段描写了孩子们在海边游玩的美好画面，人们会习惯性地拿出手机记录着美好时刻，但拍照并不是保存记忆的完美方式。由此推知，第一段的目的是引出文章的主题。故选A。
（2）词句猜测题。根据划线词下文It works in two ways：We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures，or we're so distracted（分心的）by the process that we miss the moment altogether.（它以两种方式起作用：我们要么在拍照时摆脱了记住瞬间的责任，要么在拍照过程中分心，完全错过了那一刻）可知，拍照时人们错过了一些记忆，让人们依赖相机而不是自己的大脑去回忆一些美好时刻。由此推知，划线词所在句子Photos may outsource memories.表达的意思是"照片代替了记忆"，划线词outsource意为"代替"。A.充分利用；B.摆脱；C.代替；D.由……组成。outsource与take the place of意思接近。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Therefore，a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully，which is worth exploring further.（因此，当有目的地去拍时，照片是帮助记忆的极好工具，这是值得进一步探索的）可推知，接下来文章可能会探讨如何拍照以便能更好地记忆。故选D。
（4）标题概括题。阅读全文，并根据第一段The sun is setting，brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves.You reach for your phone for this perfect moment.But before you do，here's a bit of surprising science：Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.（夕阳西下，当孩子们在海浪中玩耍时，他们的脸变得明亮起来。在这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在此之前，有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你想象中的保持记忆的完美方式。）以及最后一段最后一句Therefore，a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully，which is worth exploring further.（因此，当有目的地去拍时，照片是帮助记忆的极好工具，这是值得进一步探索的）可知，文章主要介绍了拍太多照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的、有计划地拍照。由此可知，选项D.Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly"记住当下，合理拍照"符合文章主题，适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拍太多照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的、有计划地拍照。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
22~25.【答案】A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段前两句The first time Iheard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade.A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumpedonto platforms like Instagram at such a young age...I only knew the basics，but was foreign to some words on social media.（我第一次听说同学们使用社交媒体是在四年级的时候。我的很多朋友和同学在很小的时候就兴奋地登上了Instagram这样的平台......我只了解基本知识，但对社交媒体上的一些词并不熟悉。）可知，在四年级的时候，作者的朋友和同学就纷纷参与到社交媒体平台，由此可推知，社交媒体很受学生欢迎。A项表述正确；作者知道一些关于社交媒体的基本知识，所以C项"作者没有接触社交媒体"这一说法错误，排除C项。文章一二段中未提到社交媒体对学生学习的影响，排除选项B和D。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others.However，I have never had any interest in doing the same.In my eyes，when not shared with others，family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful，if not more so.（我尊重并理解那些相信使用社交媒体能让他们表达自己并与他人分享生活的人，然而，我从来没有兴趣这样做。在我看来，当不与他人分享时，家庭聚会和朋友聚会也同样有意义，甚至更有意义。）可知，作者从来没有在社交媒体上分享自己与朋友和家人共度时光的照片。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Most people have experienced feeling insecure（不安全） and unconfident on social media.Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways.Even without using social media，I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual.I've never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.（大多数人在社交媒体上都有过不安全感和缺乏自信的经历。被改变的照片代表着不切实际的美丽标准，只有通过危险的方式才能获得。即使不使用社交媒体，我也知道使用Instagram和Facebook等应用程序会让我在所有方面都感到尴尬，而这些方面却会让我成为一个独一无二的人。我从来都不想在看到社交媒体上的帖子后，立即将自己和自己的生活与其进行比较）可推知，使用社交媒体的人之所以会感到不安全是因为社交媒体使人们之间产生对比，改变了人们看待自己的方式。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted by social media.While trying to complete their homework，they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages.（我经常观察到我的同学很容易被社交媒体分散注意力。在努力完成作业的同时，他们有强烈的冲动打开Instagram或Facebook，看看是否有新消息。）可知，社交媒体会分散学生的注意力，使他们浪费宝贵的时间去关注社交动态。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，文章描述了作者本人对社交媒体并不感兴趣，并介绍了社交媒体对人们的影响。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
26~30.【答案】G、E、B、A、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。前文Write it down. （写下作业。）和后文Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won't forget anything（一定要把所有的作业都写下来，这样你就不会忘记任何东西。）可推测登记作业需要使用到一个笔记本，把作业都记在笔记本上，选项G意思为"使用作业笔记本记录所有作业。"符合语境。故选G项。
（2）推理判断题。前文Create a homework station.（创建作业站。）告诉读者要为写作业制造一个独立的空间以及后文It will take twice as long to get the homework done. （完成作业需要两倍的时间。）可知代词it指代的应该是影响写作业效率的场所。在电视机面前写作业可想而知，效率不高，选项E意为"不要在电视剧面前写作业"符合语境。故选E项。
（3）细节理解题。前文本段主句Do homework as early as possible. （尽可能快去写作业。）可知本段主要说明写作业的时间安排要尽早。选项B意为"你一回家立马做作业。"符合语境。故选B项。
（4）推理判断题。后文Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject.（想想你要花多长时间才能完成每个科目的家庭作业。）可知本段讲述的是各科时间分配问题。选项A意为"明智地使用时间。"符合语境，可作第四段的主题句。故选A项。
（5）推理判断题。前文You can easily get tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping. （坐着完成一两个小时的作业而不停下来，你很容易感到疲劳。）指出做作业时不休息容易疲劳，不太好。即意味着作者建议写作业的建议也需要休息，需要劳逸结合。选项F意为"短暂休息后，回来完成剩余的作业。"符合语境。故选F项。
这是一篇说明文，作者旨在给读者就如何写作业提出了建议。
"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。
31.【答案】【小题1】It's in Dubai.
【小题2】It faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.
【小题3】Adilah created Kids for a Better World，whose goal is to teach youths how to Because according to the statement in paragraph 2 of the passage "Its goal is to fight climate change"，we can know that the goal of Kids for a Better World is to fight climate change.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段It organized clean-up activities in Dubai，her home city. （它在迪拜、她的家乡组织了清洁活动。）可知，Adilah的家乡城市在迪拜。故答案为：It's in Dubai。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply. （她所在的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。）可知，Adilah的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。故答案为：It faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply。
（3）考节理解题。根据第二段Then Adilah created Kids for a Better World.Its goal is to fight climate change. （然后Adilah创造了儿童更美好的世界，其目标是对抗气候变化。）可知，Adilah创建的Kids for Better World的目标对抗气候变化，而不是种植食物或树木，所以题目中所给句子中的grow food or plant trees（种植食物或树木）是错误的，为划线部分；用英语解释原因，答案为：Because according to the statement in paragraph 2 of the passage "Its goal is to fight climate change"，we can know that the goal of Kids for a Better World is to fight climate change。
（4）开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据最后一段But she has big plans. （但她有远大的计划）和"she'll continue being an activist.She wil1 also be running Kids for a Better World.She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet.（她会继续做一个积极分子，她还将运营Kid for a Better World，她希望鼓励其他人为绿色地球而奋斗。）并结合全文可知，她是个有雄心壮志的人，这一点可以帮助组织并鼓励青少年们为保护环境、建造绿色家园而努力，对我们是很重要的。故答案为：Being ambitious is important .Because according to the last paragraph，we can learn that she is ambitious as she has big plans，which can help her to organize and encourage youths to fight for a greener planet。
本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Adilah的女孩，为了保护家乡的环境，应对不断变化的气候而做出的努力。
英语阅读表达不仅考查阅读能力还有表达能力，做阅读表达关键是查找文章中的关键词或核心词，把握文章主旨，全面涵盖文章内容，切忌以偏概全；文章标题可以是完整的句子，简洁的单词、短语，也可以问题的形式呈现，切忌笼统；文章主旨大意概括必须用完整的句子。
32.【答案】Dear Jim，
I'm so glad to know that you have won the first prize in the poster design competition of "Protecting World Wildlife".【高分句型一】I am writing to express my hearty congratulations. （表达祝贺）
As far as I know，you are deeply interested in painting design.In your spare time，you always spend a great amount of time researching and studying it.In addition，you have done a lot of practice，no matter what difficulties you have met with.As the Chinese saying goes，"Practice makes perfect".There is no doubt that you can get good results in the poster design competition.【高分句型二】Therefore，your remarkable success is the result of your efforts and perseverance.And I feel proud to have a friend like you.（肯定他付出的努力）
I hope you will never give up.I'm convinced that you'll make greater progress in the future.Please accept my most sincere congratulations. （鼓励和祝愿）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I'm so glad to know that you have won the first prize in the poster design competition of "Protecting World Wildlife".
翻译：很高兴得知您在"保护世界野生动植物"海报设计比赛中获得一等奖。
分析：本句使用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：There is no doubt that you can get good results in the poster design competition.
翻译：毫无疑问，你可以在海报设计比赛中取得好成绩。
分析：本句使用了that引导的同位语从句。
书信类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
2022-2023学年北京市石景山区高一（上）期末英语试卷
On a cold winter evening，Ted was walking home when suddenly came screams from behind some trees. (1)， he slowed down to listen，and realized a boy was being robbed（抢劫） not far from where he stood.
" Should I go to help him？" Ted thought.He was worried about his own (2)，and regretted having decided to take a new way home that night."What if I'm hurt too？Shouldn't I just rush to the nearest phone and call the police？"But already the boy's cries were growing(3).He knew it was time for him to act fast.
Ted was not a (4)man，but once he had finally determined to help the boy，he became suddenly changed.Ted ran behind the trees and(5)the robber off the boy.Struggling，both of them fell to the ground，where they fought for a few minutes until the man jumped up and (6).
(7) heavily，Ted stood up and came up to the boy，who was still crying.In the darkness，he could not see him clearly，but he could certainly feel the boy's shock.Not wanting to frighten him any further，Ted spoke to him from a (8).
" It's OK，" Ted said (9)." The man ran away.You' re safe." There was a long stop and then he heard the words，said in both wonder and (10)，" Dad，is that you？" And then，from behind the trees，stepped out Ted's youngest son，Tommy!
1. A. Frightened B. Excited C. Encouraged D. Disappointed
2. A. secret B. future C. safety D. family
3. A. deeper B. weaker C. calmer D. farther
4. A. kind B. strict C. mean D. brave
5. A. pulled B. dropped C. turned D. cleared
6. A. escaped B. fought C. succeeded D. rested
7. A. Walking B. Pressing C. Suffering D. Breathing
8. A. tree B. corner C. distance D. store
9. A. briefly B. firmly C. softly D. happily
10. A. peace B. surprise C. pain D. anger
11.
A
My name is Adam，I find it a big challenge to be a freshman at senior high school.I am sure that there are a lot (1) （explore），and I know I'll have to study (2) （hard） than before and get used to taking responsibility for a lot more.Though I may meet with a lot of (3) （difficulty），I will try to be well prepared for university or whatever else comes.
B
A new study has found that the most common favorite color is blue，a color in nature.For (4) we always have a preference.It (5) （believe） that a blue sky is enough to make many people extremely happy.In reality，the only negative association with blue is in the English language.People say they"have the blues"or"are feeling blue"， (6) （mean）they are sad.
C
One very famous symbol in American culture is a cartoon.We all know (7) love the black mouse with two large round cars—Mickey Mouse.Over 80 years ago，he first (8) （appear） in the cartoon Steamboat Willie.When this cartoon came out in New York (9) November 18，1928，it was the first cartoon with sound and music.The man behind Mickey was Walt Disney， (10) never thought he would make 87 cartoons with Mickey in the next decade.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
C
When searching for something fun and educational to do in Maryland，why not visit the Maryland Science Center？It is located at 601 Light Street，Baltimore.The ticket prices vary depending on ages，groups and the exhibits you choose.Click for more information.
Introduction
The Maryland Science Center is basically a museum，but it gives everyone a chance to learn through experience and play，rather than just glance at an exhibit.
Activities
You can learn about various topics，including outer space，the human body，dinosaurs.electricity，marine（海洋的） biology，energy，and much more.You can also take part in the interactive activities，such as racing bubbles，digging for dinosaur fossils，using puzzle pieces to construct cars，and so much more.
The Davis Planetarium（天文馆）
At the Davis Planetarium，you can be back in a chair and look at the stars while still inside the Science Center.The stars will appear on the ceiling of the theatre as you watch them.
There are different shows to catch at the Davis Planetarium.You can learn about the galaxy and astronomy during the Dark Matters show.Learn about the stars and planets during the Sky Live show.The One World One Sky show allows children to explore the stars.The Live from the Sun show will teach you all about the hot sun.
The Kids Room
For children，they can't miss the Kids Room.They will be able to play in a water area，construct dams and water towers，push buttons，ring doorbells，build with blocks，and more.and definitely they will learn a lot.In addition，there is also an area for kids of two years old.and under，where they can crawl，walk and explore safely with soft toys.
12. What do we know about the Maryland Science Center？ ______
A. It charges different prices for adults and kids.
B. It is regarded as the most popular museum in Maryland.
C. It is a museum where there are many famous exhibitions.
D. It is mainly designed for children and their families to play together.
13. If you want to know why the sun shines，which show should you choose？ ______
A. The Dark Matters show. B. The Sky Live show.
C. The Live from the Sun show. D. The One World One Sky show.
14. Where is the text probably taken from？ ______
A. A travel plan. B. An academic column.
C. An educational magazine. D. An online advertisement.
D
Carlos，a businessman，is tall，with a lively face.His son Paco isn't as tall as his father，but his long arms and legs suggest he'll still grow taller.Whenever Paco isn't concentrating on his smartphone，he can be seen in scuba gear（水中呼吸装置）.It is through this hobby that he bonds with his dad.
Paco，who is 14，is the second oldest among Carlos' children：Javier，21，Adriana，10，and Carolina，6."I try to find common ground between me and my kids.I find something we all have in common，and then go from there，"says Carlos."It's all different with each of them.My eldest doesn't like diving like Paco.So，for example.if they like games，I approach talking with them through their games，and then go from there.It's just being there for them，listening to them，and knowing their problems and anxieties.You just need to let them know you're there for them."
For Carlos and Paco，it was diving，a hobby that the former started in 1997 when his dad bought a boat and decided to buy scuba gear for the whole family."I got certified（获得认证） with my brother Richie.It was an on and off thing with diving." Carlos shares."Three years ago，I learned that Paco wanted to study how to dive as well，which gave me a reason to go back to diving."
"We even got certified for the advanced open water course together.That's how committed we are to diving，"Carlos says. "Hanging out with my dad is really fun because we get to create a lot of memories.Also，he always lets me have as much food as I want，so that's a plus，"Paco adds.The two then talked about some of their best trips together when diving."The most unforgettable one for me was our five-day Visayan live-aboard dive trip.The sights were excellent，and it was three dives a day，so we went underwater to our heart's content.What else could I ask for？"says Carlos.
15. Carlos gets along well with his children by ______ .
A. learning some new skills from his children
B. training his children to be professional athletes
C. getting to know his kids through common interests
D. keeping his kids away from problems and anxieties
16. What can we learn about Carlos' diving？ ______
A. He was bad at it in the beginning.
B. He put it aside for a period of time.
C. He has been sticking to the hobby since 1997.
D. He got certified under the direction of his dad.
17. How does Paco feel being with his dad？ ______
A. He opens up more easily. B. He enjoys more freedom.
C. He is much safer. D. He learns faster.
E
The sun is setting，brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves.You reach for your phone for this perfect moment.But before you do，here's a bit of surprising science：Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.
Taking too many pictures could actually harm the brain's ability to keep memories，says Elizabeth Loftus，a psychology professor at the University of California，Irvine.So we get the photo but kind of lose the memory.
Photos may memories.It works in two ways：We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures，or we're so distracted（分心的）by the process that we miss the moment altogether.
The first explanation is the loss of memory.People know that their camera is recording that moment，so they don't try to remember.Similarly，if you write down someone's phone number，you're less likely to remember it offhand because your brain tells you there's just no need.That's all well and good—until that piece of paper goes missing.
The other is distraction.We're distracted by the process of taking a photo—how we hold our phone，composing the photo，such as smiling faces，the background to our liking and clear image，all of which uses up our attention that could otherwise help us memorize.
However，taking photos can benefit memory—when done mindfully.While taking a photo may be distracting，the act of preparation by focusing on visual details around has some upsides.When people take the time to zoom in（拉近镜头） on specific things，memories become strengthened.
Another benefit is that we recall moments more accurately with the photos.Memory has been reshaped with the help of new information and new experiences.Thus，photos or videos help us recall moments as if they really happened.
Memories die away without a visual record backing them up.Therefore，a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully，which is worth exploring further.
18. What is the purpose of the first paragraph？ ______
A. To bring up a topic. B. To present an experience.
C. To show an approach. D. To give a suggestion.
19. What does the underlined word"outsource"in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ ______
A. Make full use of. B. Get rid of.
C. Take the place of. D. Are made up of.
20. What may likely be discussed next？ ______
A. Situations when taking photos is better.
B. How to stay focused while taking photos.
C. When distraction is most likely to happen.
D. How to use photo-taking to memorize better.
21. Which of the following could be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Photography or Memories
B. Fewer Photos，More Memories
C. Photography Does Good to Memories
D. Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly
F
The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade.A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age.On the other hand，I hesitated.I only knew the basics，but was foreign to some words on social media.
All throughout middle school，I stuck with the same thinking.And now，as a freshman in college，I am looking back and wondering why I，unlike my classmates，have never been naturally interested in social media.
Scanning Instagram，you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries，taking part in exciting activities，and spending time with friends and family，among many other things.The thought of doing this has never related to me.I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others.However，I have never had any interest in doing the same.In my eyes，when not shared with others，family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful，if not more so.
Most people have experienced feeling insecure（不安全） and unconfident on social media.Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways.Even without using social media，I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual.I've never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.
I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted（使分心） by social media.While trying to complete their homework，they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages.With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day，I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list，so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day.
22. What can we know from the first two paragraphs？ ______
A. Social media are popular in schools.
B. Young pupils suffer from social media.
C. The author has no access to social media.
D. Social media contribute to students' study.
23. From paragraph 3，we can know that ______
A. Students get easily distracted by social media.
B. Pictures of people taking part in exciting activities are not real.
C. Family gatherings are not meaningful if not shared with others.
D. The author never shares aspects of his lives with others on social media.
24. Why do people using social media might feel insecure？ ______
A. They post their images on social media.
B. They follow other people's beauty standards totally.
C. Social media change the way they look at themselves.
D. Social media encourage them to be a unique individual.
25. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ ______
A. A to-do list can stop people using social media.
B. Social media can waste people's valuable time.
C. Spending time with family always enjoys first priority.
D. Students pay more attention to social media than to study.
How to deal with your homework
Write it down. (1) Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won't forget anything.
Create a homework station.Find somewhere comfortable and quiet to do your home work. (2) It will take twice as long to get the homework done.Shut off your cell phone，log off （退出） your computer （unless you need it for your homework） and close the door.
Do homework as early as possible.Don't leave homework to the last minute. (3) The earlier you start your homework，the sooner you will finish!Do all your homework as early as you can，so you don't have a pile of （一堆） homework the next day.
(4) Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject.For example：English-ten minutes，science-ten minutes，math-forty minutes，history-twenty minutes.
Treat yourself.You can easily get tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping.Once you finish homework for a subject，take a small break （no more than 15 minutes）.Either taking a walk or finding something to eat will do.But do not turn on the TV，or you'll never go back to your study.
(5)
A.Use your time wisely.
B.Start as soon as you get home.
C.Start with your hardest homework.
D.Do not burn the midnight oil，either.
E.Never do your homework in front of the TV.
F.After short breaks，return to finish the rest of your homework.
G.Keep a homework notebook where you record all your homework.
26. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
27. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
28. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
31. Adilah was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories.One story was about sharks.They had plastic in their stomachs.Adilah knew she needed to do something.First，she joined a group.It organized clean-up activities in Dubai，her home city. "The group helps me understand what a person can do and how I can really make a difference." she says.
Then Adilah created Kids for a Better World.Its goal is to fight climate change.It has brought together nearly 10，000 youths.They come from all over the world.Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16.It teaches them about what they can do to deal with climate change.They can grow food or plant trees.They can collect recyclables."This is the information which can help change our future."Adilah says.
Dubai is a desert big city.Growing up there has made Adilah understand the need for action.Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.She believes young people can bring attention to these environmental challenges.
Adilah is all about small actions.But she has big plans.She'd like to go to college in California.While she's there，she'll continue being an activist.She'll also be running Kids for a Better World.She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet.
(1) Where is Adilah's home city？ ______
(2) What risks does Adilah's city face？ ______
(3) Please underline the false part in the following statement and explain why.
Adilah created Kids for a Better World，whose goal is to teach youths how to grow food or plant trees. ______
（4）Among Adilah's qualities，which one（s） do you think will be important for us？Why？
（In about 40 words） ______
32. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在他所在城市举办的主题为"Protecting World Wildlife"海报设计大赛中，获得一等奖，请给Jim写一封电子邮件，
内容包括：
（1）祝贺他获奖：
（2）肯定他的才华。
注意：（1）词数100字左右；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim.
__________
Yours.
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】A、C、B、D、A、A、D、C、C、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.Frightened害怕的；B.Excited兴奋的；C.Encouraged鼓励；D.Disappointed失望的。句意：他吓了一跳，放慢脚步倾听，意识到一个男孩在离他站的地方不远的地方被抢劫了。根据"On a cold winter evening，Ted was walking home when suddenly came screams from behind some trees."可知，夜晚行走时听到尖叫声从树后传来，这个男孩应该是感到害怕的。故选A。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.secret 秘密；B.future未来；C.safety安全；D.family家庭。句意：他担心自己的安全，后悔那天晚上决定另辟蹊径回家。根据"What if I'm hurt too？"可知，男孩担忧自己的安全。故选C。
（3）考查形容词比较级及语境理解。A.deeper更深的；B.weaker更弱的；C.calmer更平静的；D.farther更远的。句意：但男孩的哭声已经越来越弱了。他知道是时候让他快点行动了。根据"He knew it was time for him to act fast."可知，weaker"更弱的"符合语境。故选B。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.kind友好的；B.strict严厉的；C.mean吝啬的；D.brave勇敢的。句意：泰德不是一个勇敢的人，但一旦他最终决定要帮助这个男孩，他就突然变了。根据"but once he had finally determined to help the boy，he became suddenly changed"可知，这个男孩原本不是一个勇敢的人，因为要帮助这个男孩，他才有了勇气和力量。故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.pulled拉；B.dropped下降；C.turned转动；D.cleared清除。句意：泰德跑到树后，把强盗从男孩身上拽了下来。根据"Struggling，both of them fell to the ground，where they fought for a few minutes"可知，这个男孩和袭击者进行了斗争，pulled"拉"符合语境。故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.escaped逃跑；B.fought打架；C.succeeded成功；D.rested休息。句意：两人挣扎着摔倒在地，在地上搏斗了几分钟，直到那个人跳起来逃跑。根据句意可知，escaped"逃跑"符合语境。故选A。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.Walking行走；B.Pressing按压；C.Suffering遭遇；D.Breathing呼吸。句意：特德喘着粗气，站起身来，走到男孩面前，男孩还在哭。根据上文"they fought for a few minutes "可知，这个男孩和袭击者进行了斗争，在激烈的斗争后，肯定火感到气喘吁吁。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.tree树；B.corner角落；C.distance距离；D.store商店。句意：特德不想再吓他，就在远处和他说话。根据"Not wanting to frighten him any further"可知，distance"距离"符合语境。故选C。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.briefly简短地；B.firmly坚定地；C.softly温柔地，轻轻地；D.happily高兴地。句意："没事，"泰德轻声说道。根据"Not wanting to frighten him any further"可知，男孩收到惊吓后，不想再吓到男孩，所以会轻轻地说话。故选C。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.peace和平；B.surprise惊喜，惊讶；C.pain痛苦；D.anger愤怒。句意：停了很长一段时间，然后他听到了这句话，既好奇又惊讶地说："爸爸，是你吗？"根据句意可知，surprise"惊喜，惊讶"符合语境。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了在一个夜晚独自回家时，听到有个男孩被袭击时发出的求救声。一个男孩本想离开去报警，又担心男孩受到伤害，于是便鼓起勇气去救男孩。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
11.【答案】【小题1】to explore
【小题2】harder
【小题3】difficulties
【小题4】which
【小题5】is believed
【小题6】meaning
【小题7】and
【小题8】appeared
【小题9】on
【小题10】who
【解析】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：我相信还有很多东西需要探索，我知道我必须比以前更努力学习，并习惯承担更多的责任。句子分析可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰前文a lot，表示有很多东西要去探索，。故填to explore。
（2）考查比较级。句意：我相信还有很多东西需要探索，我知道我必须比以前更努力学习，并习惯承担更多的责任。结合句意和than before可知，此处用比较级。故填harder。
（3）考查可数名词复的数。句意：虽然我可能会遇到很多困难，我将努力为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。设空处在句中作宾语，名词difficulty表示"具体的困难，难题"，为可数名词，由空前a lot of修饰，故用复数形式。故填difficulties。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：一项新的研究发现，人们最喜欢的颜色是蓝色，这是一种我们总是偏爱的自然颜色。此处引导定语从句，先行词为a color，为物，在从句中作介词for的宾语。故填which。
（5）考查固定句式。句意：人们相信蓝天足以使许多人非常快乐。固定句型It is believed that..."人们相信……"。故填is believed。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：人们说他们"have the blues"或"are feeling blue"，意思是他们很悲伤。此处为非谓语动词作状语，people与mean之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填meaning。
（7）考查连词。句意：我们都知道并喜欢那只长着两只大耳朵的黑老鼠--米老鼠。分析句子可知，空前后两词为并列关系顺承关系，应用连词and。故填and。
（8）考查动词时态。句意：80多年前，他第一次出现在动画片《威利汽船》中。结合句意和时间状语Over 80 years ago可知，应用一般过去时。故填appeared。
（9）考查介词。句意：当1928年11月18日这部卡通在纽约上映的时候，这是第一部有声音和音乐的动画片。在具体的某一天，应用介词on，故填on。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：米老鼠背后的人是华特•迪士尼，他从未想过自己会在接下来的十年里用米奇制作87部动画片。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Walt Disney，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
A是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了Adam作为高一新生遇到了挑战，他将努力学习，承担更多的责任，为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。
B是一篇说明文。介绍了人们最喜欢的颜色--蓝色。
C是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国文化的一个显著标志--卡通米老鼠以及成名的经历。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
12~14.【答案】A、C、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句The ticket prices vary depending on ages，groups and the exhibits you choose.（门票价格因年龄、组别和您选择的展品而异。）可知，马里兰科学中心对成人和儿童收取不同的费用。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据The Davis Planetarium（天文馆）中The Live from the Sun show will teach you all about the hot sun.（The Live from the Sun节目将告诉你关于炎热的太阳的一切。）可知，如果你想知道为什么阳光普照，可以选择The Live from the Sun节目，故选C。
（3）文章出处题。阅读全文，并根据第一段When searching for something fun and educational to do in Maryland，why not visit the Maryland Science Center？It is located at 601 Light Street，Baltimore.The ticket prices vary depending on ages，groups and the exhibits you choose.Click here for more information.（想在马里兰州寻找一些有趣和有教育意义的事情，为什么不去参观马里兰州科学中心呢？它位于巴尔的光影街道601号。门票价格因年龄、组别和您选择的展品而异。单击此处了解更多信息。）可知，本文主要介绍了既有娱乐又有教育的旅游地方。由此可知文章出自一个旅游计划。故选A。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了集娱乐与教育于一体的旅游胜地--马里兰科学中心。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
15~17.【答案】C、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中It is through this hobby that he bonds with his dad.（正是通过这个爱好，他和他的父亲建立了联系）以及第二段中 I try to find common ground between me and my kids.（我试图找到我和孩子们之间的共同点）可知，Carlos在努力通过共同的兴趣来了解孩子。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中"For Carlos and Paco，it was diving，a hobby that the former started in 1997 when his dad bought a boat and decided to buy scuba gear for the whole family."I got certified （获得认证） with my brother Richie.It was an on and off thing with diving，" Carlos shares. （对Carlos和Paco来说，最重要的是潜水。前者的爱好始于1997年，当时他的父亲买了一艘船，并决定为全家购买潜水装备。我从我哥哥里奇那里获得了认证。这是一件断断续续的事情，" Carlos分享道）和"Three years ago，I learned that Paco wanted to study how to dive as well，which gave me a reason to go back to diving.（三年前，我得知Paco也想学习如何潜水，这给了我一个重返潜水的理由）"可知，Carlos把潜水搁置了一段时间。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段中"Hanging out with my dad is really fun because we get to create a lot of memories.Also，he always lets me have as much food as I want，so that's a plus，" Paco adds. （和爸爸一起玩真的很有趣，因为我们创造了很多回忆。而且，他总是让我想吃多少就吃多少，这是一个加分项，" Paco补充道。）可知，Paco感觉和爸爸在一起能享受更多自由。故选B。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Carlos在努力通过共同的兴趣来了解他的孩子，这一共同兴趣就是潜水，并介绍了Carlos的潜水经历以及Paco对此的看法。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
18~21.【答案】A、C、D、D
【解析】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段The sun is setting，brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves.You reach for your phone for this perfect moment.But before you do，here's a bit of surprising science：Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.（夕阳西下，当孩子们在海浪中玩耍时，他们的脸变得明亮起来。在这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在此之前，有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你想象中的保持记忆的完美方式。）可知，本段描写了孩子们在海边游玩的美好画面，人们会习惯性地拿出手机记录着美好时刻，但拍照并不是保存记忆的完美方式。由此推知，第一段的目的是引出文章的主题。故选A。
（2）词句猜测题。根据划线词下文It works in two ways：We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures，or we're so distracted（分心的）by the process that we miss the moment altogether.（它以两种方式起作用：我们要么在拍照时摆脱了记住瞬间的责任，要么在拍照过程中分心，完全错过了那一刻）可知，拍照时人们错过了一些记忆，让人们依赖相机而不是自己的大脑去回忆一些美好时刻。由此推知，划线词所在句子Photos may outsource memories.表达的意思是"照片代替了记忆"，划线词outsource意为"代替"。A.充分利用；B.摆脱；C.代替；D.由……组成。outsource与take the place of意思接近。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Therefore，a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully，which is worth exploring further.（因此，当有目的地去拍时，照片是帮助记忆的极好工具，这是值得进一步探索的）可推知，接下来文章可能会探讨如何拍照以便能更好地记忆。故选D。
（4）标题概括题。阅读全文，并根据第一段The sun is setting，brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves.You reach for your phone for this perfect moment.But before you do，here's a bit of surprising science：Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.（夕阳西下，当孩子们在海浪中玩耍时，他们的脸变得明亮起来。在这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在此之前，有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你想象中的保持记忆的完美方式。）以及最后一段最后一句Therefore，a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully，which is worth exploring further.（因此，当有目的地去拍时，照片是帮助记忆的极好工具，这是值得进一步探索的）可知，文章主要介绍了拍太多照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的、有计划地拍照。由此可知，选项D.Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly"记住当下，合理拍照"符合文章主题，适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拍太多照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的、有计划地拍照。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
22~25.【答案】A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段前两句The first time Iheard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade.A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumpedonto platforms like Instagram at such a young age...I only knew the basics，but was foreign to some words on social media.（我第一次听说同学们使用社交媒体是在四年级的时候。我的很多朋友和同学在很小的时候就兴奋地登上了Instagram这样的平台......我只了解基本知识，但对社交媒体上的一些词并不熟悉。）可知，在四年级的时候，作者的朋友和同学就纷纷参与到社交媒体平台，由此可推知，社交媒体很受学生欢迎。A项表述正确；作者知道一些关于社交媒体的基本知识，所以C项"作者没有接触社交媒体"这一说法错误，排除C项。文章一二段中未提到社交媒体对学生学习的影响，排除选项B和D。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others.However，I have never had any interest in doing the same.In my eyes，when not shared with others，family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful，if not more so.（我尊重并理解那些相信使用社交媒体能让他们表达自己并与他人分享生活的人，然而，我从来没有兴趣这样做。在我看来，当不与他人分享时，家庭聚会和朋友聚会也同样有意义，甚至更有意义。）可知，作者从来没有在社交媒体上分享自己与朋友和家人共度时光的照片。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Most people have experienced feeling insecure（不安全） and unconfident on social media.Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways.Even without using social media，I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual.I've never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.（大多数人在社交媒体上都有过不安全感和缺乏自信的经历。被改变的照片代表着不切实际的美丽标准，只有通过危险的方式才能获得。即使不使用社交媒体，我也知道使用Instagram和Facebook等应用程序会让我在所有方面都感到尴尬，而这些方面却会让我成为一个独一无二的人。我从来都不想在看到社交媒体上的帖子后，立即将自己和自己的生活与其进行比较）可推知，使用社交媒体的人之所以会感到不安全是因为社交媒体使人们之间产生对比，改变了人们看待自己的方式。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted by social media.While trying to complete their homework，they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages.（我经常观察到我的同学很容易被社交媒体分散注意力。在努力完成作业的同时，他们有强烈的冲动打开Instagram或Facebook，看看是否有新消息。）可知，社交媒体会分散学生的注意力，使他们浪费宝贵的时间去关注社交动态。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，文章描述了作者本人对社交媒体并不感兴趣，并介绍了社交媒体对人们的影响。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
26~30.【答案】G、E、B、A、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。前文Write it down. （写下作业。）和后文Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won't forget anything（一定要把所有的作业都写下来，这样你就不会忘记任何东西。）可推测登记作业需要使用到一个笔记本，把作业都记在笔记本上，选项G意思为"使用作业笔记本记录所有作业。"符合语境。故选G项。
（2）推理判断题。前文Create a homework station.（创建作业站。）告诉读者要为写作业制造一个独立的空间以及后文It will take twice as long to get the homework done. （完成作业需要两倍的时间。）可知代词it指代的应该是影响写作业效率的场所。在电视机面前写作业可想而知，效率不高，选项E意为"不要在电视剧面前写作业"符合语境。故选E项。
（3）细节理解题。前文本段主句Do homework as early as possible. （尽可能快去写作业。）可知本段主要说明写作业的时间安排要尽早。选项B意为"你一回家立马做作业。"符合语境。故选B项。
（4）推理判断题。后文Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject.（想想你要花多长时间才能完成每个科目的家庭作业。）可知本段讲述的是各科时间分配问题。选项A意为"明智地使用时间。"符合语境，可作第四段的主题句。故选A项。
（5）推理判断题。前文You can easily get tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping. （坐着完成一两个小时的作业而不停下来，你很容易感到疲劳。）指出做作业时不休息容易疲劳，不太好。即意味着作者建议写作业的建议也需要休息，需要劳逸结合。选项F意为"短暂休息后，回来完成剩余的作业。"符合语境。故选F项。
这是一篇说明文，作者旨在给读者就如何写作业提出了建议。
"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。
31.【答案】【小题1】It's in Dubai.
【小题2】It faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.
【小题3】Adilah created Kids for a Better World，whose goal is to teach youths how to Because according to the statement in paragraph 2 of the passage "Its goal is to fight climate change"，we can know that the goal of Kids for a Better World is to fight climate change.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段It organized clean-up activities in Dubai，her home city. （它在迪拜、她的家乡组织了清洁活动。）可知，Adilah的家乡城市在迪拜。故答案为：It's in Dubai。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply. （她所在的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。）可知，Adilah的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。故答案为：It faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply。
（3）考节理解题。根据第二段Then Adilah created Kids for a Better World.Its goal is to fight climate change. （然后Adilah创造了儿童更美好的世界，其目标是对抗气候变化。）可知，Adilah创建的Kids for Better World的目标对抗气候变化，而不是种植食物或树木，所以题目中所给句子中的grow food or plant trees（种植食物或树木）是错误的，为划线部分；用英语解释原因，答案为：Because according to the statement in paragraph 2 of the passage "Its goal is to fight climate change"，we can know that the goal of Kids for a Better World is to fight climate change。
（4）开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据最后一段But she has big plans. （但她有远大的计划）和"she'll continue being an activist.She wil1 also be running Kids for a Better World.She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet.（她会继续做一个积极分子，她还将运营Kid for a Better World，她希望鼓励其他人为绿色地球而奋斗。）并结合全文可知，她是个有雄心壮志的人，这一点可以帮助组织并鼓励青少年们为保护环境、建造绿色家园而努力，对我们是很重要的。故答案为：Being ambitious is important .Because according to the last paragraph，we can learn that she is ambitious as she has big plans，which can help her to organize and encourage youths to fight for a greener planet。
本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Adilah的女孩，为了保护家乡的环境，应对不断变化的气候而做出的努力。
英语阅读表达不仅考查阅读能力还有表达能力，做阅读表达关键是查找文章中的关键词或核心词，把握文章主旨，全面涵盖文章内容，切忌以偏概全；文章标题可以是完整的句子，简洁的单词、短语，也可以问题的形式呈现，切忌笼统；文章主旨大意概括必须用完整的句子。
32.【答案】Dear Jim，
I'm so glad to know that you have won the first prize in the poster design competition of "Protecting World Wildlife".【高分句型一】I am writing to express my hearty congratulations. （表达祝贺）
As far as I know，you are deeply interested in painting design.In your spare time，you always spend a great amount of time researching and studying it.In addition，you have done a lot of practice，no matter what difficulties you have met with.As the Chinese saying goes，"Practice makes perfect".There is no doubt that you can get good results in the poster design competition.【高分句型二】Therefore，your remarkable success is the result of your efforts and perseverance.And I feel proud to have a friend like you.（肯定他付出的努力）
I hope you will never give up.I'm convinced that you'll make greater progress in the future.Please accept my most sincere congratulations. （鼓励和祝愿）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I'm so glad to know that you have won the first prize in the poster design competition of "Protecting World Wildlife".
翻译：很高兴得知您在"保护世界野生动植物"海报设计比赛中获得一等奖。
分析：本句使用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：There is no doubt that you can get good results in the poster design competition.
翻译：毫无疑问，你可以在海报设计比赛中取得好成绩。
分析：本句使用了that引导的同位语从句。
书信类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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