初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Section B导学案

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?

Section B & Self Check

教材知识全解 讲透知识 查漏补缺

知识点一 in order to的用法

教材原文 They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了取得好成绩,进入一所好大学,他们应该把他们的时间花在学业上.

本句中的 in order to get good grades and get into a good university是目的状语,其中in order to表示“目的是;为了”,后跟动词原形.in order to do sth.表示“为了做某事”,否定结构是in order not to do sth.“为了不做某事”.

We started early in order to arrive before dark.为了在天黑前到达,我们很早就动身了.

He got up early in order not to be late for school.为了上学不迟到,他起得很早.

拓展so that/ in order that 表示“目的是,为了”,用来引导目的状语从句,此时可以转化为含to/in order to的句子.

He studied hard so that/in order that he could pass the exam.=He studied hard to/in order to pass the exam.

为了能通过考试,他努力学习.

例1(2020山东胶州十中期中)She got up early this morning________ catch the first bus.

解析 句意:她今天早晨早起是为了赶第一班公共汽车.so that意为“为了”,后面常跟从句;in order to意为“目的是;为了”,后跟动词原形;in order that意为“为了”,后跟从句.根据句中的catch the first bus 可知选B.

答案 B

知识点二provide的用法

教材原文 It is the parents' job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在家中为他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情.

本句中的provide是及物动词,表示“提供;供应”,后可接名词或代词作宾语,具体用法如下:

provide用法

provide sb. with sth.意为“提供给某人某物”

Sheep provide us with wool.羊供给我们羊毛.

The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning service for guests.该宾馆为客人提供擦鞋服务.

provide sth. for sb.意为“给某人提供某物”

拓展 短语offer sth.to sb.和offer sb.sth.也有“为某人提供某物”的意思哟！

例2 (2020吉林公主岭期中)They________ some good information about the trip for the visitors.

解析 句意:他们提供一些好的旅游信息给游客.give...to provide sb.with sth.和provide sth.for sb.表示“给某人提供某物”.根据句中的介词for可知答案选C.

答案 C

知识点三 depend on的用法

教材原文 Children these days depend on their parents too much.现在的孩子过于依赖他们的家长.

本句中的depend on是固定短语,表示“依靠;信赖”,也作 depend upon

Health depends on good food, fresh air and enough sleep.

健康依靠的是好的食物、新鲜的空气和充足的睡眠.

It depends on whether she likes the boss or not.这取决于她是否喜欢这个老板.

拓展 常见的“动词＋on”的短语有:

depend on依赖;依靠

get on 上车

turn on 打开

call on 号召

come on快点;加油

pass on转交;传给

put on穿上;上演

concentrate on专心于;集中精力于

例3 (2020青海西宁大通七中月考)Don't________ others. You can do it well by yourself.

解析 句意:不要依靠别人.你自己可以做得很好.put on“穿上”;turn off“关闭”;put up“张贴”;depend on“依赖;依靠”.根据后一句可知答案选D.

答案 D

知识点四since的用法

教材原文 Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们与父母同住在一个屋檐之下,他们应该知道每个人都应当尽自己的职责来保持家里干净整洁.

本句含有since 引导的原因状语从旬.since作连词,意为“因为;既然”.

Since we have no money, it's no good thinking about a holiday,既然我们没有钱,考虑度假并没有用.

拓展 since 还有如下含义和用法:

例4________ you don't like pop songs, let's try listening to traditional songs.

解析 句意:既然你不喜欢流行歌曲,让我们试着听传统歌曲吧.since意为“既然;因为”,引导原因状语从句.

答案 D

重点难点全解 精讲精解 精准高效

while的用法

while 用作连词时,有以下几种含义:

注意 while 引导状语从句时,应注意以下几点:

1.while引导时间状语从句时,既可放在句首,也可放在句中;而while引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首,不放在句中.另外,也可以从意义上加以区分.

Her parents died while she was still at school.她还在读书时父母就去世了.(时间状语从句)

While he was tired, he went on working.虽然他累了,但他还是继续工作.(让步状语从句)

2.while引导让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且谓语含有be动词,那么从句的主语和be动词都可以省略.

While he was ill, he went there.(＝While ill, he went there.)虽然他病了,但他还是去那里了.

3.while 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词常用延续性动词,表示“与······同时,在······期间”.

While we were talking, the teacher came in.我们正在谈话时,老师进来了

单元语法全解 熟悉句型 把握要领

用 could 提出请求和征求许可

本单元的核心语法是用情态动词could提出请求和征求许可.具体如下:

1.用 could 提出请求

常见的结构是“Could you(please)...?”,意为“你能······吗?”或“请你······好吗?”,是一种比较客气、有礼貌地提出请求的方式.如果同意对方的请求,可以用OK.或No problem.等来回答.如果不同意对方的请求,可以用Sorry, I can't.等来回答,并以委婉的方式来解释原因.

-Could you please open the door?请你把门打开好吗?

-Sure.当然可以.

2.用could征求许可

常见的结构是“Could I...?”,意为“我能／可以······吗?”.此时肯定回答和否定回答都不用could,习惯上肯定回答用may、can等;否定回答用can't或mustn't(语气重).有时也可避而不用.

-Could I smoke here?我可以在这里抽烟吗?

-No, you can't. Look at the sign “No Smoking”！不,你不能.看那个“禁止吸烟”的标牌！

易错易混全解 对比辨析 跳出陷阱

1.both, neither, either, all, none

We both have black eyes and black hair, but my hair is shorter than hers.

我们两个都有黑眼睛和黑头发,但我的头发比她的短.

Either you or your father must come here today.你或是你父亲今天必须来这儿.

Neither the father nor the son is interested in the film.父子俩对这部电影都不感兴趣.

None of us passed the exam. We all failed.我们当中没有一个通过考试.我们都不及格.

2.borrow, lend, keep

Do you often borrow books from the library?你经常从图书馆借书吗?

Thank you very much for lending it to me.非常感谢你把它借给了我.

-How long can I keep the books?这些书我可以借多长时间?

-For two weeks.两周.

注意 borrow是短暂性动词,不能和时间段搭配,如果用在现在完成时中,和时间段搭配时要用延续性动词keep.

I have kept the books for two weeks.这些书我借了两个星期了.