高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 A new start学案

必修一 U1 A new start

【学习目标】

1．掌握第一单元单词和相应的变形。

2．复习句子结构，夯实掌握句子成分。

趣味导入：

Think and answer the following questions before we start our new lesson.

My First Day at Senior High

(1)After I had pictured it over and over again in my mind, the big day finally arrived：my first day at senior high! I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my eagerness (2)to get to know my new school.

The campus was still quiet (3)when I arrived, so I decided to explore a bit.(4)I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.“New here？” (5)Turning around, I saw a white-haired man.“Yes, ” I replied.“I’m wondering (6)what life is going to be like here”.“Don’t worry，” he gave me a smile.“You’ll soon find out.”

(7)How true these words were! (8)When my English teacher stepped into the classroom, I was surprised to see the same man I  had met earlier.

“Good morning, everyone.(9)Before we start, please come to the front one by one and introduce yourself to the class.I’ll go first...”

“What？！” I tried to turn on my brain but the engine just wouldn’t start.“I should say my name, of course.But what else? What could I say to make a good first impression? Something about my insect collection, perhaps.” I was organising my words in my head when the girl next to me gave me a nudge.“It’s your turn！”

(10)With butterflies in my  stomach, I breathed deeply.“Hi, I’m Meng Hao.” Everyone started laughing.I looked at them in panic.“Nice to know (11)we share the same name，” said my new teacher.I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! (12)Although I was embarrassed, his words made me a lot more relaxed!

When we had all introduced ourselves, Mr Meng said, “Well done, everyone! I know this isn’t easy for many of you.But this is just the kind of thing (13)you are going to face at senior high.Challenges like this might sometimes put you under pressure.But it all depends on (14)what you do.(15)Keep calm and be prepared.That way, you’ll make the most of your time at senior high.”

People say, “(16)Well begun, half done.” I guess this was a good beginning to my new school life.

文章翻译：

我在脑海中进行一遍又一遍地想象之后，如今这一天终于来了：我高中生活的第一天！我一大早就起床冲出家门，迫不及待地想要了解我的新学校。

我来到的时候校园里还很安静，我决定四处探索一番。当我正在看布告栏上的照片时，身后忽然传来一个声音：“你是新生吗？”我转过身，看到一位白发老人。“是的，”我回答道，“我想知道这里的生活将是怎么样的。”“别担心，”他对我微微一笑，“你很快就会知道了。”

这话说得真是太对了！当我的英语老师走进教室时，我很惊讶地发现，他就是我之前遇到的那位老人。

“大家早上好。开始上课前，请大家依次到前面来向全班介绍一下你自己。我先来……”

“什么？！”我试图让我的大脑运转起来，但引擎怎么就是无法启动。“当然，我得先介绍我的名字。还有呢？我该说些什么才能给别人留下一个不错的第一印象呢？也许应该说说我收藏昆虫标本的事。”我正忙着在脑海中组织语言，坐在我旁边的女孩轻轻推了我一下：“轮到你了！”

我心里七上八下、紧张万分。我深呼一口气说：“大家好，我叫孟浩。”大家开始大笑起来。我惊慌失措地看着他们。“很高兴我们同名啊。”我的新老师说。我刚才太紧张了，竟然没有仔细听老师的自我介绍！尽管有些尴尬，但他的话还是让我放松了很多！

我们都介绍完后，孟老师说：“大家都做得很好！我知道这对你们很多人来说并不容易，但这正是你们在高中阶段将会面对的。类似的挑战有时可能会让大家倍感压力，但这一切都取决于你自己的努力。大家要时刻保持冷静，做好准备，这样就可以充分利用高中的时光了。”

常言道：“好的开始是成功的一半。”我想，我的高中生活开了一个好头。

(1)after引导时间状语从句。

(2)不定式短语作后置定语。

(3)when引导时间状语从句；so为并列连词，前后句为并列句，表示因果关系。

(4)本句为sb was/were doing sth when...句型，意为“某人正在做某事，这时……。”，when为并列连词。

(5)Turning around为现在分词短语作时间状语。

(6)what引导宾语从句，作wondering的宾语。

(7)How引导的感叹句。

(8)when引导时间状语从句；I had met earlier为定语从句，修饰man。

(9)before引导时间状语从句。

(10)此处为with＋宾语＋介词短语作宾补为with复合结构。

(11)本句为宾语从句，作know的宾语，从句省略连接词that。

(12)although引导让步状语从句。

(13)本句为定语从句，修饰thing，从句省略关系代词which/that。

(14)what引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，what在从句中作宾语。

(15)本句中and连接并列的祈使句。

(16)本句为谚语，意为“良好的开端是成功的一半。”

1.curious adj.好奇的(教材P1)

curiosity n. 　好奇心

curiously adv.  好奇地

用法总结

(1)be curious about  对……感到好奇

be curious to do sth  很想做某事

(2)out of curiosity  出于好奇

satisfy sb’s curiosity  满足某人的好奇心

with curiosity  带着好奇心；好奇地

2.impression n.印象，感想

impress vt.　　使印象深刻

impressive adj.  感人的；给人印象深刻的

用法总结

(1)leave/have/make a...impression on sb给某人留下……的印象

(2)impress sb with sth  某事给某人留下印象

impress sth on/upon sb  使某人铭记某事；使某人明白某事物的重要性

be impressed with/by...  对……有深刻印象

3.breathe v.呼吸

单词一族

breath n.　　　　呼吸；气息

breathless adj.  (令人)气喘吁吁的，(令人)目瞪口呆的

用法总结

(1)breathe in   吸气

breathe out   呼气

(2)take a deep breath   深吸一口气

out of breath   气喘吁吁，上气不接下气

hold one’s breath   屏住呼吸

4.panic (panicked，panicked，panicking) n.惊恐，惊慌v.使恐慌

用法总结

(1)in (a) panic　惊慌地

get into a panic  陷入惊慌状态

(2)panic over   因……而惊慌

panic sb into doing sth  使某人(因惊慌)仓促做某事

5.challenge n.挑战；质疑vt.质疑；向……挑战

challenging adj.具有挑战性的（challengeable)

challenged adj.  受到挑战的

用法总结

face the challenge of   面对……的挑战

challenge sb to sth  向某人挑战某事

challenge sb to do sth  向某人挑战做某事

6.confident adj.有信心的，自信的

confidently adv.自信地

confidence n.  信任；信心

用法总结

be confident that...  相信……

be confident about/of  相信；对……确信

earn/win/gain one’s confidence  取得某人的信任

1.one by one依次地，一个接一个地

·Before we start, please come to the front one by one and introduce yourself to the class.(教材P3)

在我们开始之前，请大家一个一个地到前面来，向全班同学作自我介绍。

短语记牢

one by one　依次地，一个接一个地

day by day  每天，一天一天地

little by little  一点一点地，逐渐地

side by side  肩并肩地，并排地

step by step  逐步地，按部就班地

名师提醒　以上短语在句中作状语，名词前不能加冠词。

2.depend on (upon)视……而定；依靠，取决于；指望

·But it all depends on what you do.(教材P3)但这完全取决于你做的事。

短语记牢

(1)depend on sb/sth依赖某人/事，相信某人/事可靠

depend on sb to do sth依靠/指望某人做某事

depend on sb for sth指望/依靠某人/事得到某物

(2)depend on it that...相信……；指望……

That/It (all) depends.视情况而定。(常作为交际用语)

名师提醒　depend on后边跟从句时常用 it 作形式宾语。类似用法还有appreciate, like, hate等。

1.I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.(教材P2)

我正在看布告栏的照片这时我听到身后有个声音。

【分析】 sb was/were doing sth when...句型，意为“某人正在做某事，这时……”，其中when为并列连词，意为“这时”，相当于at that time，when连接的分句一般用一般过去时。

【拓展】 when用作并列连词，意为“这时”的句型：

(1)sb was/were doing sth when...某人正在做某事，这时……

(2)sb was/were about to do sth when...＝ be on the point of doing...when...某人正打算做某事，这时……

(3)sb had (just) done...when...某人(刚)做完……这时(突然)……

·We were having dinner when a stranger came in. 我们正在吃晚饭，这时一个陌生人进来了。

·I had just finished my homework when my mother asked me to practise playing the piano last night.

昨晚我刚完成家庭作业，我妈妈就让我练习弹钢琴。

2.Turning around, I saw a white-haired man.(教材P2)转过身，我看见一位老人。

【分析】 本句中turning around为现在分词短语作状语，表示时间，其与句子的主语I之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。

【拓展】 现在分词(短语)作状语：

(1)现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式、伴随等，其逻辑主语要和句子主语保持一致，且分词(短语)与句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系

(2)当现在分词(短语)的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前时，要用现在分词的完成时having done

(3)作状语的分词(短语)相当于一个状语从句

·Hearing the news that the famous host Li Yong passed away, his fans felt heartbroken.听到著名主持人李咏去世的消息，他的粉丝很伤心。

【基础练习】

My first day at senior high finally arrived after I 1.had__pictured (picture) it over and over again in my mind.The campus was still quiet when I arrived, so I decided 2.to__explore (explore) a bit.I 3. was looking (look) at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.4.Turning (turn) around, I saw a white-haired man.When my English teacher 5. stepped (step) into the classroom, I was surprised to see the same man I had met earlier.He asked us to introduce 6.ourselves (we) to the class one by one.When I introduced my name, everyone started 7.laughing(微笑).At last I found I shared 8.the same name with my teacher.

People say，“Well begun, half 9.done (do).”I guess this was a good 10.beginning (begin) to my new school life.

【强化练习】

七选五

Everyone knows that good time management skills are important to students if you want to do well in school.__1__ The  skills  listed  below  are  quite important.

You should have the ability to say “no”.A party this weekend？A cool club to join? An overnight trip on Saturday？A quick pizza with your classmates that turns into 3 hours of just hanging out？Learning to say “no”can save you a lot of time.But it is not easy to say “no”.You should develop some good skills in saying “no”.__2__

You shouldn’t spare time for all the fun activities.High schools are amazing because there is always something fun for you to take part in. Unfortunately，you cannot spend time on all of the fun activities.__3__ You can go there when you finish your homework.In this way，you needn’t feel guilty about enjoying yourself.

__4__ Some students like putting off things.This is a bad habit. You may end up with too many tasks one day.If you have a task，don’t wait to get started until the last，because you may not know what to do at all if you have too many tasks and you may end up in crisis.

__5__ Staying up a little too late？Maybe not eating a healthy dinner every night of the week？In order to keep in good health，you have to check on time so as to be energetic.Practicing a little self-care can really go a long way towards making sure you can have enough passion for your work with your limited time while in school.

A.Choose the one that you like most.

B.You should keep your health in check.

C.You should avoid putting off your tasks.

D.Try your best to get rid of your bad habits.

E.It is very good for your time management.

F.Here are some tips to help you learn to say “no”.

G.But what skills are needed for good time management?

答案　1.G　2.E　3.A　4.C　5.B

完形填空

War started in our house in late July with a month to go before my first day of college.It was a battle of wills over what college I was to attend.Mom wanted me to attend a famous __1__ school，and I wanted to go to a small writing college.Every night for two weeks，we argued，shouted and gave __2__ treatments until both sides went to bed with regrets.

It was mostly my __3__.Since my junior year of high school，I had __4__ at being a nurse.I took all the science courses，and even worked as a __5__ in my town’s local hospital.My __6__ was to help the sick and be superwoman to the world.

Yet，__7__ graduation and college neared，it all changed.Treating the sick was __8__，but not what I was meant to do for the __9__ of my life.I could picture myself in hospitals，making rounds(查房)，and taking __10__，but I couldn’t picture myself happy.It wasn’t the __11__ I wanted.

Then，I realized I had been creating and writing stories for as long as I could__12__.I loved it，and writing was what I had been doing as a __13__.It was going to be my career.And it had to be.

On August 1st，Mom and I sat down at the dinner table and I told her that she had every __14__ to choose where to spend her money，just like I had every right to decide where I wanted to go to school.If it was her choice not to __15__ any of my college education，then I would take a year off to work and earn money so I could go to the college I wanted.

Standing by my decision to be a writer had __16__ my firm belief to my mom.Finally we were at __17__，and she decided to support me，which __18__ the world to me.

Before that time，I had never stood up__19__ my parents on any major decision.Choosing which college to attend __20__ me to become a separate and complete adult.I am now finished with my first semester as a Professional Writing major and I cannot wait to see what comes next.

1.A.cooking  B.gardening

C.nursing  D.writing

答案　C　[根据第二段第二句中的“being a nurse”可知，作者的妈妈想要她上一所著名的护理学院。nursing护理。故选C。]

2.A.medical  B.warm

C.mental  D.silent

答案　D　[根据上文“Every night for two weeks，we argued，shouted”可知，争吵、叫喊之后是沉默。silent沉默的。故选D。]

3.A.success  B.duty

C.fault  D.turn

答案　C　[根据下文“Since my junior year of high school，I had __4__ at being a nurse.”可知，此处指的是这主要是作者的错。fault错误。故选C。]

4.A.wondered  B.aimed

C.pointed  D.looked

答案　B　[句意：自从上高中以来，我以做护士为目标。固定搭配aim at“目的在于”。故选B。]

5.A.student  B.volunteer

C.graduate  D.doctor

答案　B　[根据下文“in my town’s local hospital”可知，作者在当地医院做志愿者。volunteer志愿者。故选B。]

6.A.goal  B.job

C.task  D.post

答案　A　[句意：我的目标是帮助生病的人，并成为这个世界上的超级女性。goal目标。故选A。]

7.A.before  B.after

C.until  D.as

答案　D　[根据后半句可知，此处指的是：随着毕业和大学的临近，一切都变了。用连词as “随着”。]

8.A.rough  B.noble

C.mild  D.tough

答案　B　[根据语境可知，作者认为治疗病人是高尚的。noble高尚的。故选B。]

9.A.rest  B.part

C.whole  D.half

答案　A　[联系前半句及转折连词but可知句意：但我并不打算用我的余生来做这件事。the rest of one’s life某人的余生。故选A。]

10.A.notices  B.examinations

C.temperatures  D.drugs

答案　C　[根据上文“picture myself in hospitals，making rounds(查房)”可知，这里指的是护士做的事情。take temperature量体温。故选C。]

11.A.future  B.effect

C.drill  D.idea

答案　A　[根据上文“but not what I was meant to do for the __9__ of my life”可知，这不是作者想要的未来。future未来。故选A。]

12.A.see  B.wait

C.find  D.remember

答案　D　[句意：然后我想起了我从记事起就一直创作编写故事。for as long as I can remember打我记事起。故选D。]

13.A.process  B.hobby

C.rule  D.business

答案　B　[根据上文“I loved it”可知，作者一直将写作作为自己的爱好。hobby爱好。故选B。]

14.A.chance  B.time

C.right  D.ability

答案　C　[根据下文“just like I had every right to decide where I wanted to go to school.”可知，此处指的是她有权选择把钱花在哪儿。right权利。故选C。]

15.A.finance  B.expect

C.raise  D.offer

答案　A　[根据下文“I would take a year off to work and earn money so I could go to the college I wanted.”可知，不给作者提供大学的经济支持是妈妈的选择。finance给……提供资金。故选A。]

16.A.doubted  B.followed

C.shaken  D.proven

答案　D　[句意：坚持成为作家的决定向母亲表明了我的坚定信念。prove证实。故选D。]

17.A.peace  B.war 

C.ease  D.play

答案　A　[根据下文“and she decided to support me”可知，作者和妈妈和好了。at peace和平状态。故选A。]

18.A.attached  B.applied

C.devoted  D.meant

答案　D　[句意：她决定支持我，这对我而言意味着整个世界。mean意味着。故选D。]

19.A.for  B.against

C.over  D.by

答案　B　[根据语境可知句意：之前我从没有在大的决定上违背过父母。stand up against违背。故选B。]

20.A.forced  B.promised

C.allowed  D.reminded

答案　C　[联系后半句可知句意为：选择上哪所大学允许我成为一个独立完整的成年人。allow允许。故选C。]

重点词汇

curious， impression， breathe， challenge， calm， confident， argue， various，apply，schedule，award，opportunity，view，graduate， frightened，sight，figure，specific，refer，struggle，improve，rate，performance，exchange

重点短语

one by one依次地，一个接着一个

butterflies in one’s stomach紧张情绪，心里发慌

in panic惊慌地

put... under pressure使处于压力下

depend on依靠，依赖

make the most of充分利用

graduate from毕业

be about to do sth.即将做某事

as if好像， 似乎， 仿佛

start high school开始上高中

keep an open mind不抱成见、虚心；愿听取[接受， 考虑]别人的意见[想法]

deal with处理，对付

at the sight of当看到……时；一见……就

go all out全力以赴，竭尽全力

hold one’s head up 振作起来，抬起头来

in particular 尤其，特别

give...a hand给予…帮助，帮某人一个忙

look forward to（兴奋地）期待，盼望

重点句型结构

1.It’s your turn. 

句型：It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。

2.I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself!  

句型：too...to...结构

3.He found the English class difficult and was not sure what to do.

句型：疑问词+不定式

4.These activities not only help them gain more skills，but also teach them to care about others.

句型结构：not only...but(also)...表示“不但……而且……”，通常可以连接两个并列的谓语、宾语、表语、状语等，还可以连接两个并列的句子。

5.I feel as if high school was only yesterday!

as if/though “好像；仿佛”，引导方式状语从句。

as if (though) 还可引导表语从句。引导表语从句时，可用于下面结构中：

look/smell/taste/sound＋as if ...看起来/闻起来/尝起来/听起来好像(似)

6.It’s a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students.

It ‘s +adj./n. (for sb./of sb.) to do sth.这个结构中it作形式主语，不定式是句子的真正主语。

7.If so, how did you deal with them?  

if so 为状语从句的省略句式，意为“如果是这样的话”， if 用作连词， so 用来代替上文内容，以避免重复。

语法知识

英语中有七种最基本的句型

(1)  主语+谓语。例如：I replied.

(2) 主语+系动词+表语。例如：l was embarrassed。

(3) 主语+谓语+宾语。例如：I saw a white-haired man．

(4) 主语十谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。例如： He gave me a smile．

(5) 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。例如：His words made me a lot more relaxed.

(6) 主语十谓语+状语。例如：I breathed deeply.

( 7)主语+谓语+宾语+状语。例如： I looked at them in panic.  

口诀记忆：主谓宾一条线，状语定语在两边。