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初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版九年级全册Section B示范课课件ppt
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这是一份初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版九年级全册Section B示范课课件ppt，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了学 习 目 标，Free talk，重逢团聚，愿望祝愿，融洽和睦，感激之情感谢，前景展望，Group work，Skimming，Listening等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. Master the key wrds: lie, dead, punish, warn, present, warmth, spead, end up。2. Learn abut the rigin, custms, stries and activities f Christmas.3. Learn t infer unknwn infrmatin frm existing materials in the article.4. Understand the imprtance f sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us.
Christmaslienvelevedeadbusiness
Let's read tgether!
n. 圣诞节v. 存在; 平躺； 处于n. (长篇)小说n. 前夕；前夜adj. 死的; 失去生命的n. 生意; 商业
punishwarnend uppresentwarmthspread
v. 处罚; 惩罚v. 警告; 告诫 最终成为; 最后处于n. 现在; 礼物adj. 现在的n. 温暖; 暖和v. 传播; 展开n. 蔓延; 传播
What's the mst imprtant festival in China?
The Spring Festival
What's the spirit f it?
Can yu tell a stry t explain why we shuld value the spirit f it?
The spirit f Spring Festival is _________.
What's the mst imprtant festival in western cuntries?
Christmas Day
What d yu knw abut Christmas?
What d yu knw abut Christmas? Discuss in grunps and create a mind map.
Let 's create a mind map f Christmas.
at Christmas
Christmas Day
Christmas Eve
n Christmas Eve
Christmas gift
Christmas hat
Christmas stcking
Christmas tree
Christmas card
Santa Claus
activities
Befre Christmas
decrate Christmas trees
decrate the huses
On Christmas Eve
eating a big dinner
singing carls
exchanging gifts
G t the churches
On Christmas mrning
pen their presents
saying Happy Christmast each ther
visit friends
T celebrate the birth f Jesus Christ
Jesus Christ
A Brief Histry f Santa圣诞老人的故事
The rigin f the Christmas tree圣诞树的由来
The rigin f Christmas stckings圣诞袜的由来
The stry f Jesus' birth耶稣出生的故事
On the night befre Christmas
He gives ut presents t peple in need.He spreads lve and jy everywhere he ges.He treats everyne with kindness and warmth.
On Christmas Eve
Intrductin 引题
Read the article quickly, find ut hw many paragraphs it has and hw many parts shuld it be divided int.
The spirit f Christmas
The stry f Christmas
Listen t the passage and find ut the rles in the stry.
1. Tw friends2. Three spirits
A Christmas Carl 《圣诞颂歌》
Scrge and Marley
the Ghst f Christmas Past.
the Ghst f Christmas Present
the Ghst f Christmas Yet t cme.
Read Para.1 qulickly and answer the questins belw.
1. What des the passage talk abut?
It talks abut the spirit f Christmas.
3. What d yu think A Christmas Carl is ?
It is a bk abut Christmas.
2. Hw des it tell us?
By telling a stry——A Christmas Carl .
Tip: The main idea f a passage is usually in the first r the last paragraph.
Which meaning is the right ne fr the title?
n. 幽灵 n. 精神 n. 灵魂
the true meaning
Read the passage quickly and understand the meaning f the wrd in the title.
Read the first passage and answer the questins.
1. What are the cmmn things that peple think f fr Christmas? 2. Wh wrte A Christmas Carl? 3. What is the true meaning r spirit f Christmas?
Read paragraph 1 and cmplete 2b.
Gifts, Christmas trees and Santa Claus.
Charles Dickens des.
Sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us.
4. The stry in A Christmas Carl is perhaps the best example f this. 中 What des “this” refer t？_______________________
查尔斯·狄更斯 (1812-1870)
十九世纪英国著名作家, 批判现实主义文学的主要代表人物, 主要作品有: Oliver Twist《雾都孤儿》A Tale f Tw Cities 《双城记>》、Expectatins 《远大前程》, 其中在 A Christmas Carl 《圣诞颂歌》中成功塑造的主人公 Scrge，已成为西方文学作品中“吝啬鬼”的经典形象。
Charles Dickens
A prfile f Charles Dickens
A Christmas Carl - Key plt detail
A Christmas Carl by Charles Dickens tells the stry f Ebenezer Scrge, an ld man wh transfrms his miserly ways after fur ghstly visits ne Christmas Eve.
1. On Christmas Eve, Scrge makes his clerk, Bb Cratchit, wrk in the cld.
2. He refuses an invitatin t his nephew Fred's Christmas party and will nt give mney t the charity cllectrs.
3. At hme he is visited by the ghst f his ld business partner, Marley.
4. The Ghst f Christmas Past wakes Scrge and shws him mments frm his childhd, his apprenticeship and his failed engagement.
8. Scrge becmes like a secnd father t Tiny Tim and gains a reputatin fr knwing hw t celebrate Christmas.
7. Scrge awakes n Christmas Day and is delighted t find he has the chance t repent f his miserly ways. He buys a turkey fr the Cratchits and attends his nephew's party.
6. The final ghst is the Ghst f Christmas Yet t Cme wh terrifies Scrge with visins f his death.
5. The Ghst f Christmas Present takes him t the Cratchit's hme, where he is saddened by the ill, but kind, Tiny Tim. He is als shwn hw Fred celebrates Christmas with friends and hw thers celebrate Christmas tgether.
A Christmas Carl is a mral tale abut the spirit f giving and being kind t ne anther.
Read Para.2-4, and give main idea f each para.
Scrge's ___________ and Jacb Marley ______ him t change his life.
____________ visit Scrge.
Scrge _____________ and ______ thers well.
Three ghsts
changes his life
The stry in A Christmas Carl
never laughs r smiles.
be mean and nly thinks abut himself.
desn't treat thers nicely.
just cares abut whether t make mney.
Scrge's persnality and Jacb Marley warns him t change his life.
hatesChristmas
1. What is Scrge like nw?
businessman
2. Wh was Marley?
Scrge's dead partner.
3. What happened t Marley after he died? Why?
He was punished. Because he used t be just like Scrge.
4. Why des he cme t see Scrge?
He cmes t warn Scrge t change his life.
I used t be just like yu, s I was punished after I died. I warn yu t change yur ways if yu dn’t want t end up like me.
4. What des Marley say t Scrge?
Read the passage again and cmplete the chart.
His happier days as a child.
Hw thers are spending Christmas this year.
He is dead, but nbdy cares.
Everyne is happy, even pr peple.
Three ghsts visited Scrge.
“过去之灵”、“现在之灵”、“未来之灵”。
Read paragraph 3 and cmplete 2c.
yet t cme = 尚未到来
What d yu think the three ghsts say t Scrge when they visit him?In grups f fur,make a cnversatin between the three ghsts and Scrge. Rle-play the cnversatin in frnt f the class.
Scrge: Why d yu visit me?Ghst A: Because yu lk s sad. I want t take yu back t yur childhd. Scrge: I’m s happy as a child.Ghst B: Yes. D yu knw ther peple hw t spend Christmas? Everyne is happy, even pr peple.Ghst C: Hey, I want t take yu t the future.Scrge: I knw the spirit f Christmas. I decide t change my life and t be a better persn.
celebrates with his relatives.
give gifts t peple in need.
treats everyne with kindness and warmth.
spreads lve and jy everywhere he ges.
What des Scrge d after seeing the three spirits?
the true spirit f Christmas
Decide t change his life
Prmise t be a better persn
He never laughs r smiles.He gives gifts t peple in need.He desn’t treat thers nicely. He happily celebrates Christmas. He hates Christmas.He treats everyne with warmth.He just cares abut mney.
Scrge Present
Hw did Scrge change?
be selfish
be unfriendly
Scrge in the past
be mean and unfriendly
be greedy
be friendly
be kind-hearted
Scrge at present
be kind and warm
kindhearted
It's sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us.
He is s scared that he wakes up in his bed and finds ut it is nly the next mrning-Christmas day!
Scrge in the past:
Scrge at present:
kind-hearted
Unhappy, dark and hpeless
happy, bright and meaningful
Intrduce a reading Strategy
所谓推断,就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息,推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分,从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子,也可能是若干句子,甚至是全文。问题的答案一般针对文章内容和读者应有的常识,文章中虽然没有明确的答案,但读者在理解全文的基础上可以进行推理和判断其答案。
Answer the questins. Sme answers need t be inferred.
1. Why des Scrge hate Christmas? 2. Des Scrge have a lt f friends? Why r why nt? 3. Why was Jacb Marley punished after he died? 4. Des Jacb Marley want t help Scrge? Hw d yu knw? 5. Hw des Scrge feel when he wakes up n Christmas Day?6. What des Scrge d after seeing the three spirits?
1. Why des Scrge hate Christmas?
Because he is mean and nly thinks abut himself. He desn’t treat thers nicely. He just cares abut whether he can make mre mney. Hwever, n Christmas Day, he shuld buy gifts fr his families, relatives and friends, he has t prepare fr a big dinner,then he has t spend a lt f mney.
2. Des Scrge have a lt f friends? Why r why nt?
N, he desn’t. because he is mean and nly thinks abut himself. He desn’t treat thers nicely. He just cares abut whether he can make mre mney. I think nbdy likes a friend like Scrge.
3. Why was Jacb Marley punished after he died?
Because he used t be just like Scrge. Gds dn't like this kind f peple.
4. Des Jacb Marley want t help Scrge? Hw d yu knw?
Yes, he des. Frm the stry we knw Jacb Marley warns Scrge t change his way if he desn’t want t end up like him. He als tells Scrge t expect three spirits t visit him. All these truly help Scrge becme a better persn.
5. Hw des Scrge feel when he wakes up n Christmas Day?
He feels scared.
6. What des Scrge d after seeing the three spirits?
He decides t change his life and prmises t be a better persn. He happily celebrates Christmas with his relatives. He als gives gifts t peple in need.He nw treats everyne with kindness and warmth, spreading lve and jy everywhere he ges.
The Spirit f ChristmasMany wuld agree that when we think f Christmas, we prbably think f gifts, Christmas trees and Santa Claus. But behind all these things lies the true meaning f Christmas: the imprtance f sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us.The stry in A Christmas Carl is perhaps the best example f this.
1. ① the Spirit f Christmas 圣诞精神(圣诞节的意义) ② He als tells Scrge t expect three spirits t visit him. 他还告诉斯克鲁奇准备好等待三个幽灵的造访。 第一个短语中spirit指与肉体相对而言的“精神, 心灵”解, 是不可数名词。第二个句子中spirit是 “幽灵; 精灵”之意, 是可数名词。 试比较:►I shall be with yu in spirit. 我在精神上也你们同在。►In the stry, it is said that the area is haunted by evil spirits. 在故事里, 据说那片地区闹鬼。
Language pints
2. But behind all these things lies the true meaning f Christmas: the imprtance f sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us. 但隐藏在这一切背后的是圣诞节的真谛: 分享与给 予我们周围的人爱与欢乐的重要性。1) 本句是一个完全倒装句。主语是the true meaning f Christmas: the imprtance f ..., 谓语是lies, 介词短语behind all these things作状语, 置于句首引起句子倒装, 是为了保持句子平衡, 避免头重脚轻。e.g: Under the big tree were sitting sme ld farmers.
Language Pints
2) lie behind... “位于...之后; 留在...的后头; 是...的原因” ►The village lies behind the muntain. 村子在山背后。 ►I wnder what lies behind his decisin t leave. 我不知道他决定离开的理由是什么。 lie动词, 在此意思是“在于”e.g. ►They dn’t knw where their weaknesses lie. 他们不知道他们的弱点所在。 ►The mst imprtant thing f a year lies in spring. 一年之计在于春。
lie还有其他意思：1）躺下He spent a few hurs lying n the beach.2）平放The nvel is lying n the table. 小说平放在桌子上。3）位于 The village lies at the ft f a hill.4）存在 The truth lies between tw extremes.5）伸展：The rad lies t the east. 道路向东伸展。6）说谎 I prmise never t lie t yu frm nw n. lie为不及物动词, 其过去式为lay, 过去分词为lain, 现在分词为lying。
辨析: lay, lielie的过去式与lay的现在式同形, 故极易混淆。lay是及物动词, 意为“把…置于”, 而lie是不及物动词, 意为“躺着, 平放, 位于”。前者表动作, 后者表状态。如：►He laid his dictinary n the shelf. 他把词典放在书架上。►The dictinary is lying n the shelf. 那本词典放在书架上。►He lies n the sfa quietly. 他静静地躺在沙发上。►Mther laid the baby gently n the bed.
lie与lay的一词多义：
man lying there lies that he has laid the mney n the table. 躺在那里的人撒谎说，他把钱放在桌子上了。
用lie或lay的适当形式填空。 1) The next mrning she fund the man ______ in bed, dead． 2) please ____ the bk where it ____. 3) My mther ____ n the sfa fr abut an hur this mrning. 4) The duck _____ three eggs last week. 5) The by never ____. Believe him! 6) The city ______ in the nrth f China.
3) the imprtance f… “…的重要性” e.g. We shuld knw the imprtance f prtecting the nature. 我们应该知道保护自然的重要性。 She stressed the imprtance f gd teamwrk. 她强调了团队合作的重要性。 imprtance n. → imprtant adj. I am the mst imprtant in my parents' heart. He is a man f great imprtance. 他是一位重要的人物。
A Christmas Carl is a famus shrt nvel written by Charles Dickens. It is abut an ld man named Scrge wh never laughs r smiles. He is mean and nly thinks abut himself. He desn’t treat thers nicely. He just cares abut whether he can make mre mney and he hates Christmas. One Christmas Eve, Scrge sees the ghst f Jacb Marley, his dead business partner.Marley used t be just like Scrge, s he was punished after he died.He warns Scrge t change his ways if he desn’t want t end up like him.He als tells Scrge t expect three spirits t visit him.
1. ... is a famus shrt nvel written by Charles Dickens. 《圣诞颂歌》是查尔斯·狄更斯写的一部著名短篇小说。1）此句中written by Charles Dickens是过去分词短语作后置定语, 修饰前面的名词短语 a famus shrt nvel, 过去分词作定语表被动。后文还有一例： It’s abut an ld man named Scrge wh never 这是关于一个叫斯克鲁奇的老人, 他不苟言笑。 named Scrge wh never 是过去分词短语作后置定语, 修饰前面的名词短语 an ld man。 ►I like the nvels written by M Yan. = I like the nvels (which was) written by M Yan.
2）famus = well-knwn，反义词为 unknwn。 ① be famus fr…“因而著名/出名” ►China is famus fr the Great Wall. 中国因长城而闻名。 ② be famus as…“作为而出名’’。 ►Liu Huan is famus as a singer. 刘欢作为一名歌手而出名。 ③ be famus t “为所熟知的", 后接人。 ►This singer is famus t lts f the yung. 这位歌手在许多年轻人中很有名。
4. He is mean and nly thinks abut himself. 1) mean在此句中作形容词, 意思是 “吝啬的, 自私的, 刻薄的”。 ►Mr. Smith is a mean ld man. 史密斯先生是一个小气的老头。 ►He was mean t thse wh wrked fr him. 他对那些为他工作的人刻薄小气。 ►Sme peple arund us are mean with mney. 我们周围有些人在金钱方面十分吝啬。
mean用作形容词时的意思是 “吝啬的, 自私的”, 指对属于自己的东西格外的小气, 不想让别人得到, 或做事情只想到自己, 而不替他人着想。mean也可指做事情采取不正当的或有损他人利益的手段,即 “卑鄙的, 不善良的”; 也可指心地不善良, 即“刻毒的,邪恶的”。mean还可指某人或某事处于不高不低(或不长不短)的水平, 即“中间的,平均的”。mean引申可指“难看的,劣质的,简陋的”“低劣的,平庸的”“出身微贱的,社会地位低下的”等。
mean还可作动词, 基本意思是“表示…的意思, 有…的意思”; 也可指 “本意是, 原意为”; 还可指 “有某种重要性”; 当“打算, 有…意图”解时, 要用动词不定式作宾语; 当“意味着”解, 则要用动名词作宾语。►What des this wrd mean? 这个字是什么意思?►Whm d yu mean by “they”? 你说“他们”指的是谁？►What d yu mean t d with it? 你打算把它怎样处理？►Success means wrking hard. 成功意味着工作努力。►That watch means a lt t me. 那块表对于我来说很重要。
►mean ding sth. 意思是“意味着”, 其主语通常是指事物的词。►mean t d sth. 意思是“打算或企图做某事”, 其过去完成式表示 “本来打算做某事”►mean sb. t d sth.的意思是“打算让某人做某事” dn't mean t d sth. 是其否定式. 通常表示“无意做某事”。►mean+名词或副词, 意为“表示; 打算; 存心”等意思。►mean+that 从句, 意为 “表示……”。►What d/did yu mean 意思是 “你…是什么意思?”。►be meant fr... 意思是“打算给予; 打算作...用”。►I mean “就是说; 我是说”, 常用来更正或补充前面所说的话。
mean的名词形式为: meaning, 其意思是 “意思, 意义, 含义”。常用短语：the meaning f…“的意思”。►Will yu please explain the meaning f this wrd? What des this wrd mean? = What’s the meaning f this wrd? = What d yu mean by this wrd? 这个单词是什么意思？
2）care abut意为 “担心; 关心; 在乎; 对…感兴趣”。 Dn’t yu care abut lsing yur jb? 你难道不担心失去工作吗？ I really care abut the students in my class. 我真的很关心我班的学生。 I dn’t care abut yur pinin. 我对你的观点不感兴趣。 They dn't care abut the expenses. 他们对费用不在乎。
5. Scrge sees the ghst f Marley, his dead business partner. 1) dead adj. “死的, 失去生命力的”, 在句中可作定语或表语。 ►He has been dead fr many years. 他已死去多年。 ►Mary threw away the dead flwers. 玛丽扔掉了枯萎的花。 ►The baby was brn dead. 婴儿生下时就已死了。 ►They fund him dead. 他们发现他死了。 知识链接: die v. “死亡”, 瞬间动词, 用于完成时不能与段时间连用。 death n. “死, 死亡” dying adj. “垂死的; 临死的”
用 die, dead 或 death 完成下列句子。 His grandfather ______ last year.2. The dg has been ______ fr a week.3. The ______ f Michael Jacksn made s many peple sad.4. My mther ____. She is indeed _____. Her _____ really makes me sad.5. The pear tree is ______, Yu shuld save it.
2) business的基本意思是指某人为谋利 (尤为自己)的 “日常工作”或“职业”, 引申为“职责,事务”。现在多用来指 “生意,贸易” (不可数), 引申为“商店,商行” (可数)。►He had n head fr business.他毫无商业头脑。►It's nne f my business.这不关我的事。 business由busy和ness组合而成, 等同于busy的抽象名词。 【短语 】 d business with sb. 跟某人做买卖 n business 出差, 做生意 mind yur wn business 管自己的事; 不要管闲事 That's my business 这是我自己的事情
6. Marley used t be just like Scrge, … used t +动词原形 , 表示 “过去常常做某事”, 表示过去存在的状态或过去经常做某事而现在不做了, 只用于一般过去时。 ►I used t g t the cinema, but I never have time nw. 我过去经常去看电影，但现在没有时间了。 ►I used t be thin when I was a little girl. 我小时候很瘦。 ►Bill used t g t schl by bus. Bill did nt use/used nt t g t schl by bus. (否定句) Did Bill use (或Used Bill ) t g t schl by bus? (疑问句)
used t d sth. / be used t ding sth. / be used t d sth. 的区别① used t d sth. 意为 “过去常常做某事”, 其中的 t是不定式符 号, 后跟动词原形。② be used t ding sth. 表示 “习惯于做某事”, 其中t是介词, 后 接名词或动名词。如： The ld man has been used t living a simple life. ③ be used t d sth. 表示 “被用来做某事”, 是动词 use 的被动 语态结构。 A hammer is used t drive in nails. 锤子是用来钉钉子的。
7. ..., s he was punished after he died. punish v. 处罚；惩罚 → punishment n. 惩罚►punish sb. fr (ding) sth. “因为…（做）某事处罚某人”, Hw wuld yu punish smebdy fr stealing?►punish sb. by sth “用...方式或手段惩罚某人” 。 She was punished by death. 她被处以死刑。 ►punish sb. with... “用…来惩罚... ” It's cruel t punish a child with a whip.►punish sb. as... 把...作为…来惩罚 They punished idlers as criminals. 他们把懒汉作为罪犯来惩罚。
2. He warns Scrge t change his ways if he desn’t want t end up like him. 他告诫斯克鲁奇, 如果他不想最终像他一样, 就要改变自己的行事方式。1）warn v. 警告; 告诫 warn sb + that clause “警告某人某事 ” ►They warn her that if she des it again, they will punish her. 他们警告她说, 她再这么干就处罚她。 ►I warned them that there might be snakes in the wds. 我提醒他们树林里可能有蛇。
固定短语: ① warn sb. (nt) t d sth. “警告某人(不要)干某事”； ►The plice warned us nt t g ut alne at night.② warn sb. f/abut sth. 表示“提醒/警告某人注意某事” ►They warned him f the danger. ►She warned her sn abut the fire. ③ “告诫…提防...;警告…不要...” ►He warned me against ging there at night.
2）end up 意为 “结束; 告终; 意外到达”, 其后可接介词短语、形容词或v-ing等。① end up with... “以...而结束，以...告终” ►The meeting ended up with a sng. ►If yu d that, yu'll end up with egg n yur face. 你要是做那件事, 必将以耻辱告终② end up in + 抽象名词 “最终处于...状态” ►If yu cntinue t steal, yu'll end up in prisn. ►Their effrt ended up in failure.
③ end up as ... “最后成为…, 终归 ...” ►He ended up as general manager f the cmpany. 他最后成了这家公司的总经理。④ end up like ... “最后像……一样” ►Study hard, r yu'll end up like me .⑤ end up ding sth “以作某事而结束”, 强调结果与预期不符。 ►Why d I end up ding all the wrk by myself? 真讨厌，为什么最后变成我一个人做所有的事情？⑥ end up+adj. ►If he carries n driving like that, he'll end up dead.
9. He als tells Scrge t expect three spirits t visit him. 他也告诉Scrge估计有三个精灵来拜访他。 expect vt. “预计, 预期, 预料, 估计”1) expect+that clause e.g. ►I didn’t expect that he wuld be s angry with me. 我没料到他会对我这样生气。2) expect t d sth. e.g. ►I expected t receive yur letter. 我期盼收到你的来信。3) expect sb. t d sth. e.g. ►His parents expect him t be in China. 他父母估计他在中国。
针对训练 1. The ld man ____________his daughter’s visit. （老人盼望女儿到访） 2. I ____________ a birthday present frm my dad. （我期盼收到一份来自父亲的生日礼物） 3. D yu _____________________________? （你希望他教你英语吗） 4. I didn’t . （我没料到你来得这么快）
is expecting
expect t get
expect him t teach yu English
expect that yu wuld get here s sn
That night, three ghsts visit Scrge. First, the Ghst f Christmas Past takes him back t his childhd and reminds Scrge f his happier days as a child. Then the secnd spirit, the Ghst f Christmas Present, takes him t see hw thers are spending Christmas this year. Everyne is happy, even pr peple. The last ne, the Ghst f Christmas Yet t Cme, takes him t the future. Scrge sees that he is dead, but nbdy cares. He is s scared that he wakes up in his bed and finds ut it is nly the next mrning —Christmas Day!
1. the ghst f Christmas Past takes him back t his childhd and reminds Scrge f his happier days as a child. 1) take sb. back t... “把某人带回到…”, 当前不在送达的地方。 bring sb. back t... “带某人回到…”, 当前就在送达的地方。2) remind 及物动词, “提醒, 使联想到, 使忆起”, 常见句型有： ① remind sb. f sth./ sb. “使某人想起某事/某人” ② remind sb. t d sth. “提醒某人做某事” ③ remind sb. that从句，“提醒某人……”
►I reminded Gerald f his prmise. 我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。►The stry reminds me f an experience I nce had. 这个故事使我想起我的一次亲身经历。►Remind me t write t Mther. 提醒我给妈妈写信。►Please remind me that I must call her up befre nine. 请提醒我九点前给她打个电话。
2. the Ghst f Christmas Present, takes him t present一般用作名词, 其意思有： ① “礼物”, 一般指亲友间互送的“礼物”或 “赠品”。 ② “现在, 目前”, 通常与定冠词the连用, 只用作单数名词。 at present “目前, 现在” = at this time fr the present “目前, 现在; 暂时, 暂且” = at present ►He bught me a scarf as a birthday present. ►I dn't need the dictinary at present. 我现在不需要这本字典。
present还可作形容词, 其意思有：① “出席的, 在座的, 在场的, 存在的”, 在句中主要用作表语, 偶尔用作定语, 一般须后置。 ►All were present at the meeting. 全都到会了。 ►His wrds mved everyne present. 他的话感动在场的人。② “现在的, 目前的, 正在处理(或考虑中)的”, 只用作前置定语。 ►We d nt want yur present services. 我们不需要你现在就帮忙。 ►Hw d yu read the present situatin ? 你对当前的形势怎样看？
present, gift这两个词都有“礼物”的意思。其区别是：1. gift常指贵重的礼品, 可以是具体的, 也可以是抽象的东西; present则往往指一般的具体的礼物, 价值可高可低。2. 赠送gift往往被看作慷慨的行为; 而赠送present则往往出于好 心、礼貌、尊敬等。3. gift多指送给团体、机构或个人的礼品, 一般没有回赠; present 则多指送给亲友的礼品, 往往有回赠。
3. the Ghst f Christmas Yet t Cme, takes him t the future. yet t cme “还未到，尚未到来”, yet表示“还”“尚”, 含有“还为时太早”之意。 ►The wrst f the strm is yet t cme. 最猛烈的暴风雨就要来了。 ►As yu see, the best is yet t cme! 如你所见, 好时光已经向我们走来了! ►The wrst was yet t cme. 最坏的情况还没到来. ►The really interesting part f the shw is yet t cme. 好戏还在后头.
4. He is s scared that he wakes up in his bed and finds that it is nly the next mrning- Christmas Day！ 他非常害怕, 从睡梦中惊醒, 发现此时竟是第二天圣诞节清晨。1）scared形容词, 意为“害怕的, 恐惧的”, 通常指某物或某人使人 感到恐惧、害怕, 主语是人。常用结构有：
be scared f sth. 害怕某事/某物be scared t d sth. 害怕做某事be scared that+从句
2）wake up 当“醒来, 睡醒”讲, 用作不及物动词。当“叫醒 唤醒”讲, 用作及物动词, 名词作其宾语时, 放在up前后均可, 代词做其宾语时, 须放在wake和up之间。e.g.►I didn't wake up until I heard the alarm clck. 直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。►Dn’t wake him up. He stayed up late last night.►Please wake up Charlie at six 'clck tmrrw mrning. 另外, wake up, xxx! 是 “叫某人清醒, 别糊涂了”。►wake up, my dear friend! mve n with yur life.
3) find ut意为“找出,查明, 弄清楚”We must find ut the truth f this incident.我们一定要把这件事情的本相找出来。We must find ut where he lives. 我们必须查明他住在什么地方。【辨析】find, find ut, invent 与disvver
用find, find ut, invent或discver的适当形式填空。1. They _________ that the new teacher is very strict.2. It's imprtant t ________ what he's ding.3. Wh ________ the paper?4. We have ______ il under the Nrth Sea.
He decides t change his life and prmises t be a better persn. He happily celebrates Christmas with his relatives. He als gives gifts t peple in need. He nw treats everyne with kindness and warmth, spreading lve and jy everywhere he ges. And that is the true spirit f Christmas!
1. He decides t change his life and prmises t be a better persn.1) decide “决定, 判断, 断定”, 具有及物和不及物的用法。① 表示 “决定做某事”, 常用结构: decide t d sth. 也可说: decide n ding sth. , 否定形式: decide nt t d/ decide against ding。 She decided t call his ffice. 她决定给他办公室打电话。② 表示 “对…作出决定”或“选定…”。通常用decide n表示"就重大事情作出决定"或 decide abut 表示"就一般事情作出决定"。 decisin是decide的名词形式, decide t d sth.=make a dicisin t d sth. =decide n ding sth. =make up ne's mind t d sth.
2) prmise作动词，意为“允诺, 答应”, 常用于以下结构中：►prmise sb. sth. 允诺某人某事►prmise t d sth. 承诺/答应做某事►prmise sb. t d sth. 承诺/答应某人做某事►prmise+that从句 承诺/答应…… 【拓展】 prmise用作可数名词, 意为“承诺, 诺言”, 常用短语： keep/break a prmise 遵守/违背诺言 e.g. Give me yur prmise and yu’ll never be late again.
2. He nw treats everyne with kindness and warmth, spreading lve and jy everywhere he ges. 1）treat sb. with ... “用...方式/态度对待...” He treated his students with respect. 他尊重他的学生。 treat sb. as/like ... “把...当作...看待” Dn't treat this serius matter as a jke. 不要把这件严肃的事情当作笑料。 treat sb. t sth. = serve sb. (with) sth. = serve sth. t sb. “用…款待(招待)某人 ” Frank treated us t dinner. 弗兰克请我们吃饭。
2）kindness and warmth意为“善良和热情”, 分别是形容词kind和warm的名词形式。 ►kindness n. “仁慈, 善良” → kind adj.“善良的, 宽容的” 一些形容词加后缀-ness 变成名词。 e.g. rich-richness，kind-kindness，ugly-ugliness，sick-sickness, ill - illness, sad- sadness, happy-happiness, busy-business, careless-carelessness, gd-gdness, friendly-friendliness ►warmth n. “温暖, 热情” → warm adj.“温暖的, 热情的” 少数形容词加-th构成名词。 e.g. weal-wealth, grw -grwth, wide-width, true-truth deep-depth, strng-strength, high-height, yung-yuth
3）spread可用作动词, 其意思是 “传播, 散布; 展开, 铺开; 伸展, 蔓延; 涂撒” 等, 其过去式和过去分词为: spread, spread。 spread disease (传播疾病) spread lime (撒上石灰) spread the news(播放新闻) spread ne's arms (伸展胳膊) spread the rumurs(散布谣言) spread the wings (展开翅膀) spread the table clth(铺上桌布) spread the wrd(扬言) 短语： spread t 蔓延到; 波及 spread with 用…涂满 spread in 在…中传开/蔓延 spread n 在…上铺/涂/擦上 spread abut/arund 广泛散布 spread abrad 散布，公开
Fill in the blanks and then try t retell the passage.
A Christmas Carl is a famus nvel w______ by Charles Dickens. It t_____ us the true m_________ f Christmas: the i___________ f sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us. The stry is abut an ld man n______ Scrge wh never laughs r smiles. He is mean and nly t______ abut himself, and desn’t treat thers n_____. He just cares abut w_______ he can make mre mney. And he hates Christmas. One Christmas Eve, Scrge sees Marley was p_______ after he died. That night, three ghsts v____ Scrge. They t___ him t see his childhd, hw thers are spending Christmas this year and the f______. Scrge is s scared t____ he wakes up in his bed and f_____ ut it is already the next mrning n Christmas Day! He d______ t change his life and p_______ t be a better persn. He nw treats everyne with kindness and w_______, spreading lve and jy everywhere he ges. And that is the true s_____ f Christmas!
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。1. I like the ______ (小说) written by Dickens.2. My father has gne t Changsha fr his ________ (生意)．3. If yu fight with classmates, the teacher will ______ (处罚) yu.4. When did tea culture ______ (传播) t Eurpe?5. When yu accept a __________ (礼物), yu must use bth hands.
present/gift
二、选择方框中的单词并用其正确形式填空。
1. The dg is_______. Yu shuld save it.2. Red Srghum(《红高粱》) was ________ by M Yan. 3. The sun gives us _______ and The teacher warns me nt _____ late.5. He _____ t be late all the time. The teacher was angry. 6. D yu knw the Chinese ________ f the new wrd?7. Tday, peple begin t realize the __________f saving water. 8. He ____ n the grassland and cunted the stars in the sky.
warm lie be mean imprtant write die use
三、单项选择。1. He prmised ____ his ld friend during his stay in Tianjin. A. see B. seeing C. saw D. t see2. Nancy _____ a bus t schl, but nw she rides a bike. A. is used t taking B. was used t take C. used t take D. used t taking3. —Yu lk sad. What has happened? —Everyne ____ us t win the match, but we lst. A. expects B. expected C. hpes D. hped4. Li Na ended up _____ the Australian Open Tennis Champin. A. win B. t win C. winning D. wn
1. Master the key wrds: lie, dead, punish, warn, present, warmth, spead, end up。2. Learn abut the rigin, custms, stries and activities f Christmas.3. Learn t infer unknwn infrmatin frm existing materials in the article.4. Understand the imprtance f sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us.
Christmaslienvelevedeadbusiness
Let's read tgether!
n. 圣诞节v. 存在; 平躺； 处于n. (长篇)小说n. 前夕；前夜adj. 死的; 失去生命的n. 生意; 商业
punishwarnend uppresentwarmthspread
v. 处罚; 惩罚v. 警告; 告诫 最终成为; 最后处于n. 现在; 礼物adj. 现在的n. 温暖; 暖和v. 传播; 展开n. 蔓延; 传播
What's the mst imprtant festival in China?
The Spring Festival
What's the spirit f it?
Can yu tell a stry t explain why we shuld value the spirit f it?
The spirit f Spring Festival is _________.
What's the mst imprtant festival in western cuntries?
Christmas Day
What d yu knw abut Christmas?
What d yu knw abut Christmas? Discuss in grunps and create a mind map.
Let 's create a mind map f Christmas.
at Christmas
Christmas Day
Christmas Eve
n Christmas Eve
Christmas gift
Christmas hat
Christmas stcking
Christmas tree
Christmas card
Santa Claus
activities
Befre Christmas
decrate Christmas trees
decrate the huses
On Christmas Eve
eating a big dinner
singing carls
exchanging gifts
G t the churches
On Christmas mrning
pen their presents
saying Happy Christmast each ther
visit friends
T celebrate the birth f Jesus Christ
Jesus Christ
A Brief Histry f Santa圣诞老人的故事
The rigin f the Christmas tree圣诞树的由来
The rigin f Christmas stckings圣诞袜的由来
The stry f Jesus' birth耶稣出生的故事
On the night befre Christmas
He gives ut presents t peple in need.He spreads lve and jy everywhere he ges.He treats everyne with kindness and warmth.
On Christmas Eve
Intrductin 引题
Read the article quickly, find ut hw many paragraphs it has and hw many parts shuld it be divided int.
The spirit f Christmas
The stry f Christmas
Listen t the passage and find ut the rles in the stry.
1. Tw friends2. Three spirits
A Christmas Carl 《圣诞颂歌》
Scrge and Marley
the Ghst f Christmas Past.
the Ghst f Christmas Present
the Ghst f Christmas Yet t cme.
Read Para.1 qulickly and answer the questins belw.
1. What des the passage talk abut?
It talks abut the spirit f Christmas.
3. What d yu think A Christmas Carl is ?
It is a bk abut Christmas.
2. Hw des it tell us?
By telling a stry——A Christmas Carl .
Tip: The main idea f a passage is usually in the first r the last paragraph.
Which meaning is the right ne fr the title?
n. 幽灵 n. 精神 n. 灵魂
the true meaning
Read the passage quickly and understand the meaning f the wrd in the title.
Read the first passage and answer the questins.
1. What are the cmmn things that peple think f fr Christmas? 2. Wh wrte A Christmas Carl? 3. What is the true meaning r spirit f Christmas?
Read paragraph 1 and cmplete 2b.
Gifts, Christmas trees and Santa Claus.
Charles Dickens des.
Sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us.
4. The stry in A Christmas Carl is perhaps the best example f this. 中 What des “this” refer t？_______________________
查尔斯·狄更斯 (1812-1870)
十九世纪英国著名作家, 批判现实主义文学的主要代表人物, 主要作品有: Oliver Twist《雾都孤儿》A Tale f Tw Cities 《双城记>》、Expectatins 《远大前程》, 其中在 A Christmas Carl 《圣诞颂歌》中成功塑造的主人公 Scrge，已成为西方文学作品中“吝啬鬼”的经典形象。
Charles Dickens
A prfile f Charles Dickens
A Christmas Carl - Key plt detail
A Christmas Carl by Charles Dickens tells the stry f Ebenezer Scrge, an ld man wh transfrms his miserly ways after fur ghstly visits ne Christmas Eve.
1. On Christmas Eve, Scrge makes his clerk, Bb Cratchit, wrk in the cld.
2. He refuses an invitatin t his nephew Fred's Christmas party and will nt give mney t the charity cllectrs.
3. At hme he is visited by the ghst f his ld business partner, Marley.
4. The Ghst f Christmas Past wakes Scrge and shws him mments frm his childhd, his apprenticeship and his failed engagement.
8. Scrge becmes like a secnd father t Tiny Tim and gains a reputatin fr knwing hw t celebrate Christmas.
7. Scrge awakes n Christmas Day and is delighted t find he has the chance t repent f his miserly ways. He buys a turkey fr the Cratchits and attends his nephew's party.
6. The final ghst is the Ghst f Christmas Yet t Cme wh terrifies Scrge with visins f his death.
5. The Ghst f Christmas Present takes him t the Cratchit's hme, where he is saddened by the ill, but kind, Tiny Tim. He is als shwn hw Fred celebrates Christmas with friends and hw thers celebrate Christmas tgether.
A Christmas Carl is a mral tale abut the spirit f giving and being kind t ne anther.
Read Para.2-4, and give main idea f each para.
Scrge's ___________ and Jacb Marley ______ him t change his life.
____________ visit Scrge.
Scrge _____________ and ______ thers well.
Three ghsts
changes his life
The stry in A Christmas Carl
never laughs r smiles.
be mean and nly thinks abut himself.
desn't treat thers nicely.
just cares abut whether t make mney.
Scrge's persnality and Jacb Marley warns him t change his life.
hatesChristmas
1. What is Scrge like nw?
businessman
2. Wh was Marley?
Scrge's dead partner.
3. What happened t Marley after he died? Why?
He was punished. Because he used t be just like Scrge.
4. Why des he cme t see Scrge?
He cmes t warn Scrge t change his life.
I used t be just like yu, s I was punished after I died. I warn yu t change yur ways if yu dn’t want t end up like me.
4. What des Marley say t Scrge?
Read the passage again and cmplete the chart.
His happier days as a child.
Hw thers are spending Christmas this year.
He is dead, but nbdy cares.
Everyne is happy, even pr peple.
Three ghsts visited Scrge.
“过去之灵”、“现在之灵”、“未来之灵”。
Read paragraph 3 and cmplete 2c.
yet t cme = 尚未到来
What d yu think the three ghsts say t Scrge when they visit him?In grups f fur,make a cnversatin between the three ghsts and Scrge. Rle-play the cnversatin in frnt f the class.
Scrge: Why d yu visit me?Ghst A: Because yu lk s sad. I want t take yu back t yur childhd. Scrge: I’m s happy as a child.Ghst B: Yes. D yu knw ther peple hw t spend Christmas? Everyne is happy, even pr peple.Ghst C: Hey, I want t take yu t the future.Scrge: I knw the spirit f Christmas. I decide t change my life and t be a better persn.
celebrates with his relatives.
give gifts t peple in need.
treats everyne with kindness and warmth.
spreads lve and jy everywhere he ges.
What des Scrge d after seeing the three spirits?
the true spirit f Christmas
Decide t change his life
Prmise t be a better persn
He never laughs r smiles.He gives gifts t peple in need.He desn’t treat thers nicely. He happily celebrates Christmas. He hates Christmas.He treats everyne with warmth.He just cares abut mney.
Scrge Present
Hw did Scrge change?
be selfish
be unfriendly
Scrge in the past
be mean and unfriendly
be greedy
be friendly
be kind-hearted
Scrge at present
be kind and warm
kindhearted
It's sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us.
He is s scared that he wakes up in his bed and finds ut it is nly the next mrning-Christmas day!
Scrge in the past:
Scrge at present:
kind-hearted
Unhappy, dark and hpeless
happy, bright and meaningful
Intrduce a reading Strategy
所谓推断,就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息,推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分,从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子,也可能是若干句子,甚至是全文。问题的答案一般针对文章内容和读者应有的常识,文章中虽然没有明确的答案,但读者在理解全文的基础上可以进行推理和判断其答案。
Answer the questins. Sme answers need t be inferred.
1. Why des Scrge hate Christmas? 2. Des Scrge have a lt f friends? Why r why nt? 3. Why was Jacb Marley punished after he died? 4. Des Jacb Marley want t help Scrge? Hw d yu knw? 5. Hw des Scrge feel when he wakes up n Christmas Day?6. What des Scrge d after seeing the three spirits?
1. Why des Scrge hate Christmas?
Because he is mean and nly thinks abut himself. He desn’t treat thers nicely. He just cares abut whether he can make mre mney. Hwever, n Christmas Day, he shuld buy gifts fr his families, relatives and friends, he has t prepare fr a big dinner,then he has t spend a lt f mney.
2. Des Scrge have a lt f friends? Why r why nt?
N, he desn’t. because he is mean and nly thinks abut himself. He desn’t treat thers nicely. He just cares abut whether he can make mre mney. I think nbdy likes a friend like Scrge.
3. Why was Jacb Marley punished after he died?
Because he used t be just like Scrge. Gds dn't like this kind f peple.
4. Des Jacb Marley want t help Scrge? Hw d yu knw?
Yes, he des. Frm the stry we knw Jacb Marley warns Scrge t change his way if he desn’t want t end up like him. He als tells Scrge t expect three spirits t visit him. All these truly help Scrge becme a better persn.
5. Hw des Scrge feel when he wakes up n Christmas Day?
He feels scared.
6. What des Scrge d after seeing the three spirits?
He decides t change his life and prmises t be a better persn. He happily celebrates Christmas with his relatives. He als gives gifts t peple in need.He nw treats everyne with kindness and warmth, spreading lve and jy everywhere he ges.
The Spirit f ChristmasMany wuld agree that when we think f Christmas, we prbably think f gifts, Christmas trees and Santa Claus. But behind all these things lies the true meaning f Christmas: the imprtance f sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us.The stry in A Christmas Carl is perhaps the best example f this.
1. ① the Spirit f Christmas 圣诞精神(圣诞节的意义) ② He als tells Scrge t expect three spirits t visit him. 他还告诉斯克鲁奇准备好等待三个幽灵的造访。 第一个短语中spirit指与肉体相对而言的“精神, 心灵”解, 是不可数名词。第二个句子中spirit是 “幽灵; 精灵”之意, 是可数名词。 试比较:►I shall be with yu in spirit. 我在精神上也你们同在。►In the stry, it is said that the area is haunted by evil spirits. 在故事里, 据说那片地区闹鬼。
Language pints
2. But behind all these things lies the true meaning f Christmas: the imprtance f sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us. 但隐藏在这一切背后的是圣诞节的真谛: 分享与给 予我们周围的人爱与欢乐的重要性。1) 本句是一个完全倒装句。主语是the true meaning f Christmas: the imprtance f ..., 谓语是lies, 介词短语behind all these things作状语, 置于句首引起句子倒装, 是为了保持句子平衡, 避免头重脚轻。e.g: Under the big tree were sitting sme ld farmers.
Language Pints
2) lie behind... “位于...之后; 留在...的后头; 是...的原因” ►The village lies behind the muntain. 村子在山背后。 ►I wnder what lies behind his decisin t leave. 我不知道他决定离开的理由是什么。 lie动词, 在此意思是“在于”e.g. ►They dn’t knw where their weaknesses lie. 他们不知道他们的弱点所在。 ►The mst imprtant thing f a year lies in spring. 一年之计在于春。
lie还有其他意思：1）躺下He spent a few hurs lying n the beach.2）平放The nvel is lying n the table. 小说平放在桌子上。3）位于 The village lies at the ft f a hill.4）存在 The truth lies between tw extremes.5）伸展：The rad lies t the east. 道路向东伸展。6）说谎 I prmise never t lie t yu frm nw n. lie为不及物动词, 其过去式为lay, 过去分词为lain, 现在分词为lying。
辨析: lay, lielie的过去式与lay的现在式同形, 故极易混淆。lay是及物动词, 意为“把…置于”, 而lie是不及物动词, 意为“躺着, 平放, 位于”。前者表动作, 后者表状态。如：►He laid his dictinary n the shelf. 他把词典放在书架上。►The dictinary is lying n the shelf. 那本词典放在书架上。►He lies n the sfa quietly. 他静静地躺在沙发上。►Mther laid the baby gently n the bed.
lie与lay的一词多义：
man lying there lies that he has laid the mney n the table. 躺在那里的人撒谎说，他把钱放在桌子上了。
用lie或lay的适当形式填空。 1) The next mrning she fund the man ______ in bed, dead． 2) please ____ the bk where it ____. 3) My mther ____ n the sfa fr abut an hur this mrning. 4) The duck _____ three eggs last week. 5) The by never ____. Believe him! 6) The city ______ in the nrth f China.
3) the imprtance f… “…的重要性” e.g. We shuld knw the imprtance f prtecting the nature. 我们应该知道保护自然的重要性。 She stressed the imprtance f gd teamwrk. 她强调了团队合作的重要性。 imprtance n. → imprtant adj. I am the mst imprtant in my parents' heart. He is a man f great imprtance. 他是一位重要的人物。
A Christmas Carl is a famus shrt nvel written by Charles Dickens. It is abut an ld man named Scrge wh never laughs r smiles. He is mean and nly thinks abut himself. He desn’t treat thers nicely. He just cares abut whether he can make mre mney and he hates Christmas. One Christmas Eve, Scrge sees the ghst f Jacb Marley, his dead business partner.Marley used t be just like Scrge, s he was punished after he died.He warns Scrge t change his ways if he desn’t want t end up like him.He als tells Scrge t expect three spirits t visit him.
1. ... is a famus shrt nvel written by Charles Dickens. 《圣诞颂歌》是查尔斯·狄更斯写的一部著名短篇小说。1）此句中written by Charles Dickens是过去分词短语作后置定语, 修饰前面的名词短语 a famus shrt nvel, 过去分词作定语表被动。后文还有一例： It’s abut an ld man named Scrge wh never 这是关于一个叫斯克鲁奇的老人, 他不苟言笑。 named Scrge wh never 是过去分词短语作后置定语, 修饰前面的名词短语 an ld man。 ►I like the nvels written by M Yan. = I like the nvels (which was) written by M Yan.
2）famus = well-knwn，反义词为 unknwn。 ① be famus fr…“因而著名/出名” ►China is famus fr the Great Wall. 中国因长城而闻名。 ② be famus as…“作为而出名’’。 ►Liu Huan is famus as a singer. 刘欢作为一名歌手而出名。 ③ be famus t “为所熟知的", 后接人。 ►This singer is famus t lts f the yung. 这位歌手在许多年轻人中很有名。
4. He is mean and nly thinks abut himself. 1) mean在此句中作形容词, 意思是 “吝啬的, 自私的, 刻薄的”。 ►Mr. Smith is a mean ld man. 史密斯先生是一个小气的老头。 ►He was mean t thse wh wrked fr him. 他对那些为他工作的人刻薄小气。 ►Sme peple arund us are mean with mney. 我们周围有些人在金钱方面十分吝啬。
mean用作形容词时的意思是 “吝啬的, 自私的”, 指对属于自己的东西格外的小气, 不想让别人得到, 或做事情只想到自己, 而不替他人着想。mean也可指做事情采取不正当的或有损他人利益的手段,即 “卑鄙的, 不善良的”; 也可指心地不善良, 即“刻毒的,邪恶的”。mean还可指某人或某事处于不高不低(或不长不短)的水平, 即“中间的,平均的”。mean引申可指“难看的,劣质的,简陋的”“低劣的,平庸的”“出身微贱的,社会地位低下的”等。
mean还可作动词, 基本意思是“表示…的意思, 有…的意思”; 也可指 “本意是, 原意为”; 还可指 “有某种重要性”; 当“打算, 有…意图”解时, 要用动词不定式作宾语; 当“意味着”解, 则要用动名词作宾语。►What des this wrd mean? 这个字是什么意思?►Whm d yu mean by “they”? 你说“他们”指的是谁？►What d yu mean t d with it? 你打算把它怎样处理？►Success means wrking hard. 成功意味着工作努力。►That watch means a lt t me. 那块表对于我来说很重要。
►mean ding sth. 意思是“意味着”, 其主语通常是指事物的词。►mean t d sth. 意思是“打算或企图做某事”, 其过去完成式表示 “本来打算做某事”►mean sb. t d sth.的意思是“打算让某人做某事” dn't mean t d sth. 是其否定式. 通常表示“无意做某事”。►mean+名词或副词, 意为“表示; 打算; 存心”等意思。►mean+that 从句, 意为 “表示……”。►What d/did yu mean 意思是 “你…是什么意思?”。►be meant fr... 意思是“打算给予; 打算作...用”。►I mean “就是说; 我是说”, 常用来更正或补充前面所说的话。
mean的名词形式为: meaning, 其意思是 “意思, 意义, 含义”。常用短语：the meaning f…“的意思”。►Will yu please explain the meaning f this wrd? What des this wrd mean? = What’s the meaning f this wrd? = What d yu mean by this wrd? 这个单词是什么意思？
2）care abut意为 “担心; 关心; 在乎; 对…感兴趣”。 Dn’t yu care abut lsing yur jb? 你难道不担心失去工作吗？ I really care abut the students in my class. 我真的很关心我班的学生。 I dn’t care abut yur pinin. 我对你的观点不感兴趣。 They dn't care abut the expenses. 他们对费用不在乎。
5. Scrge sees the ghst f Marley, his dead business partner. 1) dead adj. “死的, 失去生命力的”, 在句中可作定语或表语。 ►He has been dead fr many years. 他已死去多年。 ►Mary threw away the dead flwers. 玛丽扔掉了枯萎的花。 ►The baby was brn dead. 婴儿生下时就已死了。 ►They fund him dead. 他们发现他死了。 知识链接: die v. “死亡”, 瞬间动词, 用于完成时不能与段时间连用。 death n. “死, 死亡” dying adj. “垂死的; 临死的”
用 die, dead 或 death 完成下列句子。 His grandfather ______ last year.2. The dg has been ______ fr a week.3. The ______ f Michael Jacksn made s many peple sad.4. My mther ____. She is indeed _____. Her _____ really makes me sad.5. The pear tree is ______, Yu shuld save it.
2) business的基本意思是指某人为谋利 (尤为自己)的 “日常工作”或“职业”, 引申为“职责,事务”。现在多用来指 “生意,贸易” (不可数), 引申为“商店,商行” (可数)。►He had n head fr business.他毫无商业头脑。►It's nne f my business.这不关我的事。 business由busy和ness组合而成, 等同于busy的抽象名词。 【短语 】 d business with sb. 跟某人做买卖 n business 出差, 做生意 mind yur wn business 管自己的事; 不要管闲事 That's my business 这是我自己的事情
6. Marley used t be just like Scrge, … used t +动词原形 , 表示 “过去常常做某事”, 表示过去存在的状态或过去经常做某事而现在不做了, 只用于一般过去时。 ►I used t g t the cinema, but I never have time nw. 我过去经常去看电影，但现在没有时间了。 ►I used t be thin when I was a little girl. 我小时候很瘦。 ►Bill used t g t schl by bus. Bill did nt use/used nt t g t schl by bus. (否定句) Did Bill use (或Used Bill ) t g t schl by bus? (疑问句)
used t d sth. / be used t ding sth. / be used t d sth. 的区别① used t d sth. 意为 “过去常常做某事”, 其中的 t是不定式符 号, 后跟动词原形。② be used t ding sth. 表示 “习惯于做某事”, 其中t是介词, 后 接名词或动名词。如： The ld man has been used t living a simple life. ③ be used t d sth. 表示 “被用来做某事”, 是动词 use 的被动 语态结构。 A hammer is used t drive in nails. 锤子是用来钉钉子的。
7. ..., s he was punished after he died. punish v. 处罚；惩罚 → punishment n. 惩罚►punish sb. fr (ding) sth. “因为…（做）某事处罚某人”, Hw wuld yu punish smebdy fr stealing?►punish sb. by sth “用...方式或手段惩罚某人” 。 She was punished by death. 她被处以死刑。 ►punish sb. with... “用…来惩罚... ” It's cruel t punish a child with a whip.►punish sb. as... 把...作为…来惩罚 They punished idlers as criminals. 他们把懒汉作为罪犯来惩罚。
2. He warns Scrge t change his ways if he desn’t want t end up like him. 他告诫斯克鲁奇, 如果他不想最终像他一样, 就要改变自己的行事方式。1）warn v. 警告; 告诫 warn sb + that clause “警告某人某事 ” ►They warn her that if she des it again, they will punish her. 他们警告她说, 她再这么干就处罚她。 ►I warned them that there might be snakes in the wds. 我提醒他们树林里可能有蛇。
固定短语: ① warn sb. (nt) t d sth. “警告某人(不要)干某事”； ►The plice warned us nt t g ut alne at night.② warn sb. f/abut sth. 表示“提醒/警告某人注意某事” ►They warned him f the danger. ►She warned her sn abut the fire. ③ “告诫…提防...;警告…不要...” ►He warned me against ging there at night.
2）end up 意为 “结束; 告终; 意外到达”, 其后可接介词短语、形容词或v-ing等。① end up with... “以...而结束，以...告终” ►The meeting ended up with a sng. ►If yu d that, yu'll end up with egg n yur face. 你要是做那件事, 必将以耻辱告终② end up in + 抽象名词 “最终处于...状态” ►If yu cntinue t steal, yu'll end up in prisn. ►Their effrt ended up in failure.
③ end up as ... “最后成为…, 终归 ...” ►He ended up as general manager f the cmpany. 他最后成了这家公司的总经理。④ end up like ... “最后像……一样” ►Study hard, r yu'll end up like me .⑤ end up ding sth “以作某事而结束”, 强调结果与预期不符。 ►Why d I end up ding all the wrk by myself? 真讨厌，为什么最后变成我一个人做所有的事情？⑥ end up+adj. ►If he carries n driving like that, he'll end up dead.
9. He als tells Scrge t expect three spirits t visit him. 他也告诉Scrge估计有三个精灵来拜访他。 expect vt. “预计, 预期, 预料, 估计”1) expect+that clause e.g. ►I didn’t expect that he wuld be s angry with me. 我没料到他会对我这样生气。2) expect t d sth. e.g. ►I expected t receive yur letter. 我期盼收到你的来信。3) expect sb. t d sth. e.g. ►His parents expect him t be in China. 他父母估计他在中国。
针对训练 1. The ld man ____________his daughter’s visit. （老人盼望女儿到访） 2. I ____________ a birthday present frm my dad. （我期盼收到一份来自父亲的生日礼物） 3. D yu _____________________________? （你希望他教你英语吗） 4. I didn’t . （我没料到你来得这么快）
is expecting
expect t get
expect him t teach yu English
expect that yu wuld get here s sn
That night, three ghsts visit Scrge. First, the Ghst f Christmas Past takes him back t his childhd and reminds Scrge f his happier days as a child. Then the secnd spirit, the Ghst f Christmas Present, takes him t see hw thers are spending Christmas this year. Everyne is happy, even pr peple. The last ne, the Ghst f Christmas Yet t Cme, takes him t the future. Scrge sees that he is dead, but nbdy cares. He is s scared that he wakes up in his bed and finds ut it is nly the next mrning —Christmas Day!
1. the ghst f Christmas Past takes him back t his childhd and reminds Scrge f his happier days as a child. 1) take sb. back t... “把某人带回到…”, 当前不在送达的地方。 bring sb. back t... “带某人回到…”, 当前就在送达的地方。2) remind 及物动词, “提醒, 使联想到, 使忆起”, 常见句型有： ① remind sb. f sth./ sb. “使某人想起某事/某人” ② remind sb. t d sth. “提醒某人做某事” ③ remind sb. that从句，“提醒某人……”
►I reminded Gerald f his prmise. 我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。►The stry reminds me f an experience I nce had. 这个故事使我想起我的一次亲身经历。►Remind me t write t Mther. 提醒我给妈妈写信。►Please remind me that I must call her up befre nine. 请提醒我九点前给她打个电话。
2. the Ghst f Christmas Present, takes him t present一般用作名词, 其意思有： ① “礼物”, 一般指亲友间互送的“礼物”或 “赠品”。 ② “现在, 目前”, 通常与定冠词the连用, 只用作单数名词。 at present “目前, 现在” = at this time fr the present “目前, 现在; 暂时, 暂且” = at present ►He bught me a scarf as a birthday present. ►I dn't need the dictinary at present. 我现在不需要这本字典。
present还可作形容词, 其意思有：① “出席的, 在座的, 在场的, 存在的”, 在句中主要用作表语, 偶尔用作定语, 一般须后置。 ►All were present at the meeting. 全都到会了。 ►His wrds mved everyne present. 他的话感动在场的人。② “现在的, 目前的, 正在处理(或考虑中)的”, 只用作前置定语。 ►We d nt want yur present services. 我们不需要你现在就帮忙。 ►Hw d yu read the present situatin ? 你对当前的形势怎样看？
present, gift这两个词都有“礼物”的意思。其区别是：1. gift常指贵重的礼品, 可以是具体的, 也可以是抽象的东西; present则往往指一般的具体的礼物, 价值可高可低。2. 赠送gift往往被看作慷慨的行为; 而赠送present则往往出于好 心、礼貌、尊敬等。3. gift多指送给团体、机构或个人的礼品, 一般没有回赠; present 则多指送给亲友的礼品, 往往有回赠。
3. the Ghst f Christmas Yet t Cme, takes him t the future. yet t cme “还未到，尚未到来”, yet表示“还”“尚”, 含有“还为时太早”之意。 ►The wrst f the strm is yet t cme. 最猛烈的暴风雨就要来了。 ►As yu see, the best is yet t cme! 如你所见, 好时光已经向我们走来了! ►The wrst was yet t cme. 最坏的情况还没到来. ►The really interesting part f the shw is yet t cme. 好戏还在后头.
4. He is s scared that he wakes up in his bed and finds that it is nly the next mrning- Christmas Day！ 他非常害怕, 从睡梦中惊醒, 发现此时竟是第二天圣诞节清晨。1）scared形容词, 意为“害怕的, 恐惧的”, 通常指某物或某人使人 感到恐惧、害怕, 主语是人。常用结构有：
be scared f sth. 害怕某事/某物be scared t d sth. 害怕做某事be scared that+从句
2）wake up 当“醒来, 睡醒”讲, 用作不及物动词。当“叫醒 唤醒”讲, 用作及物动词, 名词作其宾语时, 放在up前后均可, 代词做其宾语时, 须放在wake和up之间。e.g.►I didn't wake up until I heard the alarm clck. 直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。►Dn’t wake him up. He stayed up late last night.►Please wake up Charlie at six 'clck tmrrw mrning. 另外, wake up, xxx! 是 “叫某人清醒, 别糊涂了”。►wake up, my dear friend! mve n with yur life.
3) find ut意为“找出,查明, 弄清楚”We must find ut the truth f this incident.我们一定要把这件事情的本相找出来。We must find ut where he lives. 我们必须查明他住在什么地方。【辨析】find, find ut, invent 与disvver
用find, find ut, invent或discver的适当形式填空。1. They _________ that the new teacher is very strict.2. It's imprtant t ________ what he's ding.3. Wh ________ the paper?4. We have ______ il under the Nrth Sea.
He decides t change his life and prmises t be a better persn. He happily celebrates Christmas with his relatives. He als gives gifts t peple in need. He nw treats everyne with kindness and warmth, spreading lve and jy everywhere he ges. And that is the true spirit f Christmas!
1. He decides t change his life and prmises t be a better persn.1) decide “决定, 判断, 断定”, 具有及物和不及物的用法。① 表示 “决定做某事”, 常用结构: decide t d sth. 也可说: decide n ding sth. , 否定形式: decide nt t d/ decide against ding。 She decided t call his ffice. 她决定给他办公室打电话。② 表示 “对…作出决定”或“选定…”。通常用decide n表示"就重大事情作出决定"或 decide abut 表示"就一般事情作出决定"。 decisin是decide的名词形式, decide t d sth.=make a dicisin t d sth. =decide n ding sth. =make up ne's mind t d sth.
2) prmise作动词，意为“允诺, 答应”, 常用于以下结构中：►prmise sb. sth. 允诺某人某事►prmise t d sth. 承诺/答应做某事►prmise sb. t d sth. 承诺/答应某人做某事►prmise+that从句 承诺/答应…… 【拓展】 prmise用作可数名词, 意为“承诺, 诺言”, 常用短语： keep/break a prmise 遵守/违背诺言 e.g. Give me yur prmise and yu’ll never be late again.
2. He nw treats everyne with kindness and warmth, spreading lve and jy everywhere he ges. 1）treat sb. with ... “用...方式/态度对待...” He treated his students with respect. 他尊重他的学生。 treat sb. as/like ... “把...当作...看待” Dn't treat this serius matter as a jke. 不要把这件严肃的事情当作笑料。 treat sb. t sth. = serve sb. (with) sth. = serve sth. t sb. “用…款待(招待)某人 ” Frank treated us t dinner. 弗兰克请我们吃饭。
2）kindness and warmth意为“善良和热情”, 分别是形容词kind和warm的名词形式。 ►kindness n. “仁慈, 善良” → kind adj.“善良的, 宽容的” 一些形容词加后缀-ness 变成名词。 e.g. rich-richness，kind-kindness，ugly-ugliness，sick-sickness, ill - illness, sad- sadness, happy-happiness, busy-business, careless-carelessness, gd-gdness, friendly-friendliness ►warmth n. “温暖, 热情” → warm adj.“温暖的, 热情的” 少数形容词加-th构成名词。 e.g. weal-wealth, grw -grwth, wide-width, true-truth deep-depth, strng-strength, high-height, yung-yuth
3）spread可用作动词, 其意思是 “传播, 散布; 展开, 铺开; 伸展, 蔓延; 涂撒” 等, 其过去式和过去分词为: spread, spread。 spread disease (传播疾病) spread lime (撒上石灰) spread the news(播放新闻) spread ne's arms (伸展胳膊) spread the rumurs(散布谣言) spread the wings (展开翅膀) spread the table clth(铺上桌布) spread the wrd(扬言) 短语： spread t 蔓延到; 波及 spread with 用…涂满 spread in 在…中传开/蔓延 spread n 在…上铺/涂/擦上 spread abut/arund 广泛散布 spread abrad 散布，公开
Fill in the blanks and then try t retell the passage.
A Christmas Carl is a famus nvel w______ by Charles Dickens. It t_____ us the true m_________ f Christmas: the i___________ f sharing and giving lve and jy t peple arund us. The stry is abut an ld man n______ Scrge wh never laughs r smiles. He is mean and nly t______ abut himself, and desn’t treat thers n_____. He just cares abut w_______ he can make mre mney. And he hates Christmas. One Christmas Eve, Scrge sees Marley was p_______ after he died. That night, three ghsts v____ Scrge. They t___ him t see his childhd, hw thers are spending Christmas this year and the f______. Scrge is s scared t____ he wakes up in his bed and f_____ ut it is already the next mrning n Christmas Day! He d______ t change his life and p_______ t be a better persn. He nw treats everyne with kindness and w_______, spreading lve and jy everywhere he ges. And that is the true s_____ f Christmas!
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。1. I like the ______ (小说) written by Dickens.2. My father has gne t Changsha fr his ________ (生意)．3. If yu fight with classmates, the teacher will ______ (处罚) yu.4. When did tea culture ______ (传播) t Eurpe?5. When yu accept a __________ (礼物), yu must use bth hands.
present/gift
二、选择方框中的单词并用其正确形式填空。
1. The dg is_______. Yu shuld save it.2. Red Srghum(《红高粱》) was ________ by M Yan. 3. The sun gives us _______ and The teacher warns me nt _____ late.5. He _____ t be late all the time. The teacher was angry. 6. D yu knw the Chinese ________ f the new wrd?7. Tday, peple begin t realize the __________f saving water. 8. He ____ n the grassland and cunted the stars in the sky.
warm lie be mean imprtant write die use
三、单项选择。1. He prmised ____ his ld friend during his stay in Tianjin. A. see B. seeing C. saw D. t see2. Nancy _____ a bus t schl, but nw she rides a bike. A. is used t taking B. was used t take C. used t take D. used t taking3. —Yu lk sad. What has happened? —Everyne ____ us t win the match, but we lst. A. expects B. expected C. hpes D. hped4. Li Na ended up _____ the Australian Open Tennis Champin. A. win B. t win C. winning D. wn
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