高中英语外研版必修3Module 3 The Violence of Nature教课内容ppt课件

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The Vilence f Nature
1.1.1　集合的概念
第一课时　Intrductin & Reading
Ⅰ.写出黑体单词在句中的含义1．Many peple had lst all in the disaster.(　　)2．Smking can cause lung cancer.(　　)3．We will buy sme furniture fr ur new huse.(　　)4．The bat sank in a vilent strm at sea.(　　 )5．Peple in Syria is experiencing sufferings.(　　)6．We buried the general with full military hnurs.(　　)7．When did the accident ccur？(　　)
8．Many huses were destryed by the fld.(　　)9．She was struck dead by lightning.(　　)10．Near the cemetery between the trees，there is smething that shines.(　　)
Ⅱ.补全短语1．find________　　　弄明白2．refer________ 参考；提及3．because________ 因为4．________the same latitude 在同一纬度5．________all time 有史以来6．pick________ 卷起；掀起7．take________ 去掉；起飞8．________average 平均起来9．________the time 到……为止10．________the late 1890s 到19世纪90年代后期
Ⅲ.完成句子1．They can destry huses，but _____________________ __________________.它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。2．On average，there are 800 trnades in the US each year，_____________________________________.平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡、1500人受伤。
leave the furniture inside
exactly where it was
causing abut 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries
3．___________it ended，mre than 700 peple__________ _______and 2,700______________.风停时，已有700多人死亡，2700人受伤。
By the time
had been injured
Ⅳ.语篇理解Step 1　Lk at the fllwing pictures.D yu knw what happened in each picture?
Step 2　Fast­readingChse the best answer accrding t the passage.1．Which statement is NOT true?A．The wrst trnad f all time ccurred in the US in 1925.B．Hurricanes usually ccur in the suthern Atlantic Ocean，the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf f Mexic.C．Hurricanes usually affect the west cast f the US.D．The Irish actr，Charles Cghlan，died ne year befre the 1900 Galvestn hurricane struck.
2．In 1925 the wrst trnad f all time affected the fllwing US states EXCEPT________.A．Texas　　　　　B．MissuriC．IllinisD．Indiana3．On average，trnades cause abut________deaths and ________injuries in the US each year.A．6,000；3,600B．6,000；37,000C．700；2,700D．80；1,500
4．Which f the fllwing happened mst recently?A．The wrst trnad which affected three US states.B．The wrst hurricane which happened in Galvestn.C．The destructin f Charles Cghlan's cemetery.D．The discvery f Charles Cghlan's cffin.5．Where did Charles Cghlan becme famus?A．In Galvestn. B．In New Yrk.C．In Canada.D．In Ireland.
Step 3　Careful­readingFill in the blanks accrding t the passage.
Step 4　SummaryFill in the blanks accrding t the passage.A trnad，which is a rtating 1.________f air frm a thunderstrm t the grund usually 2.________in the US,3.________several US states greatly.Hurricanes，which are strng 4.________strms，usually 5.________the east cast f the US frm Texas t Maine，the 6.________ne f which caused 6,000 7.________，and destructin f 3,600 buildings.
Here is a stry abut the wrst hurricane.Charles Cghlan，a famus Irish actr，mved t Canada，then New Yrk，and finally Galvestn，where he died in 1899，a year befre the hurricane came.In the hurricane，his 8.________was destryed and his cffin 9.________up in the sea，which was 10.________by the Gulf Stream t his hme n Prince Edward Island in the east f Canada eight years later.
Step 5　DiscussinThe vilence f nature is very terrible，especially earthquakes.Can yu tell us the effects f earthquakes?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Step 1　1.earthquake　2.drught　3.tsunami 4.fld　 5.trnad　6.hurricaneStep2　1.C　2.A　3.D　4.A　5.BStep3　1.air　2.the US　 3.400　4.3 US states　5.strms　6.Atlantic Ocean　7.120　8.6,000Step 4　1.clumn　2.ccurs　3.affecting　4.trpical5．hit/strike/affect　6.wrst　7.deaths　8.cemetery　9.ended　10.carried
Step 5(1)Earthquakes may make many peple lse their hme and relatives suddenly.(2)Smetimes，earthquakes can cause severe tsunami，and each f us cannt frget the tsunami in Japan.(3)As far as I knw，mst peple in the earthquake­stricken areas need a lng time t get rid f the bad effects caused by earthquakes，especially thse wh lst their relatives.
1.vilence n. [U]猛烈；猛力；暴力(行为)①The vilence f the hurricane caused great damage.猛烈的飓风造成了巨大的损失。②The criminal cmmitted vilence in stabbing his victim.罪犯行凶，用匕首刺伤了受害者。vilent 用作形容词，表示“using，shwing，accmpanied by great frce”，即“使用暴力的；猛烈的；激烈的”的意思。vilent blws“猛烈的打击”
①The enemies started anther vilent attack.敌人又发动了一轮猛攻。②Being in a vilent temper，he hit his wife in the face.盛怒之下，他打了妻子一记耳光。
词语辨析fierce；vilent；wild这些形容词均含“剧烈的；凶猛的；狂暴的”之意。1)fierce普通用词，指人或兽的凶猛残酷。 The famus bxer killed a fierce wlf with his bare hands.那位著名的拳击师赤手空拳打死了一头凶猛的恶狼。2)vilent普通用词，指人时侧重极为不安，异常激动，暗含有暴力行为；也指破坏性的或不可控制的自然力量。Students were invlved in vilent clashes with the plice.学生与警方发生了暴力冲突。
3)wild普通用词，既可指自然界的荒芜，未被驯化状态，又指人的无法无天，不文明的野蛮行为。They are wild with jy when“their”player r team wins.当“他们的”选手或运动队赢得胜利时，他们欣喜若狂。知识拓展with vilence 剧烈地vilently adv. 激/剧/猛烈地vilatin n. 妨/侵害d vilence t 对……施暴；歪曲事实
即学即用用vilence的适当形式填空。(1)It is the duty f everyne t bey this law，but withut using________.(2)Frtunately，n ne was killed in this________strm yesterday.(3)Several peple were________attacked in that dark street within a week.答案：(1)vilence　(2)vilent　(3)vilently
2．experience vt.经历 n. [U]经验；[C]经历①He experienced a lt f difficulties ding that wrk.做那项工作时他经历了很多困难。②It is imprtant t try and learn frm experience.努力从经验中学习是重要的。③Please tell us yur experiences in Africa.请告诉我们你在非洲的经历。
注意：experience作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词；作“经历”讲时，是可数名词。Mr Krll is an fficer with experience，wh has many dd experiences.克罗尔是个有经验的军官，他有着很多奇怪的经历。
即学即用完成句子(1)这位司机在处理事故方面有许多经验。The driver has sme________in dealing with accidents.(2)从万米高空的飞机上跳下是一次相当刺激的经历。Jumping ut f the plane at ten thusand feet is quite________________________.答案：(1)experience　(2)an exciting experience
语法填空(3)I dn't think the experiment is________failure.At last we gained________experience fr future success.答案：a；/　第一个空用不定冠词a，failure在此是抽象名词的具体化，a failure指“一件失败的事”；第二个空用零冠词，是因为experience在这里意为“经验”，是不可数名词。
(4)—Guess what ，we've gt ur visas fr a shrt­term visit t the UK this summer.—Hw nice！Yu________(experience)a different culture then.答案：will be experiencing　考查时态。由第一句可知：我们已经得到了暑假去英国旅行的短期签证；再由第二句中then可知：这是对去英国旅行的美好祝愿。因此时态应为将来进行时。
3．cause vt.引起；导致　n．原因；起因；理由；动机；事业①Smking can cause lung cancer.吸咽可导致肺癌。②The wund isn't serius，but may cause sme discmfrt.伤口并不严重，但可能会引起一些不适。What's the cause f the plane crash?飞机失事的起因是什么？
拓展1)cause sb.t d sth.使某人做某事2)cause sb.sth.给某人招致某事3)cause and effect因果关系
辨析reasn，cause与excuse1)reasn指产生某种行为或想法的推理性理由，常与介词fr搭配。2)cause主要指导致某种结果、客观存在的原因，它是相对于effect来说的。the cause f表示“……的起因”。3)excuse多指为免受指责或推卸责任而找的“理由，借口”。
即学即用完成句子(1)火灾起因不明。The________f the fire was unknwn.(2)你匆忙的原因是什么？What's the________fr yur hurry?(3)他迟到时总能找到借口。When he is late，he can always find a(n)________．答案：(1)cause　(2)reasn　(3)excuse
语法填空(4)Smking is ne f the________f heart disease and it kills lts f peple every year.答案：causes　cause常常与介词f搭配，意为“……的起因。”
4．current1)n. [C]水流；潮流；气流①He swam t the shre against a strng current.他逆着急流游向岸边。②Birds use warm air currents t help their flight.鸟类利用暖气流帮助飞行。2)n. [C，U]电流The current includes a direct current and an alternating current.电流分直流电和交流电。
3)n. [C]思潮；潮流；趋向Ministers are wrried by this current f anti­gvernment feeling.部长们被这股反政府情绪所困扰。4)adj. 现在发生的；当前的；现在的(只用在名词前)He is yur current emplyer.他是你现在的雇主。5)adj. 通用的；流通的；流行的That wrd is n lnger in current use.那个词已不通用。
知识拓展currently adv. 现时；当前current accunt 活期存款账户；往来账户current affairs 时事即学即用语法填空T swim in this river nw is dangerus，fr the__________is t swift.答案：current　题意：现在在这条河里游泳是很危险的，因为水流太急了。current“水流”，符合题意。
5．furniture n. [U] 家具furniture为不可数名词，不能说a furniture，也不能说furnitures，表示“一件家具”要说a piece f furniture。注意：英语中有些名词为典型的不可数名词，任何时候都不能加不定冠词，也不能用复数。如fun，equipment，weather，news，advice，infrmatin等。①She mved the furniture arund.她把家具四处移动。②They've bught sme furniture fr their new huse.他们买了些家具布置新房子。
知识拓展furnish vt. 为……提供家具；布置即学即用语法填空We will buy sme________(furniture)fr ur new huse.答案：furniture　句意：我们将为我们的新房子买些家具。furniture“家具”，是不可数名词，可以用sme修饰。
6．latitude n．纬度①Beijing is at 40 degrees nrth latitude.北京在北纬40度。②The twn is at a lw latitude.该城镇在低纬度的地方。搭配in Lat.50°N 在北纬50度
联想lngitude n. [U] 经度
知识拓展latitudinal adj. 纬度(方向)的altitude n. 海拔；高度attitude n. 态度即学即用完成句子They allw their children____________________________.他们对自己的孩子没有讲解这层意思了？答案：far t much latitude
7．bury vt.1)土葬；海葬①He was buried with his wife.他和他的妻子葬在了一起。②Where is Shakespeare buried?莎士比亚葬于何处？③He's been dead and buried fr years!他已经死亡并且被埋葬多年了！2)丧失She has buried five sns in the war.战争中她丧失了5个儿子。
3)隐藏；掩埋；覆盖①Our dg buries its bnes in the garden.我们的狗把骨头埋在花园里。②She buried her face in her hands and wept.她双手掩面哭了起来。4)忘记；使陷入①It's time t bury ur differences and be friends again.该是我们摈弃分歧重归于好的时候了。②He buried himself in the cuntry t write a bk.他隐居到乡下去写书。
即学即用完成句子①他的祖父母都葬在这里。Bth his grandparents________________here.②他专心在花园里干活。He________________________the garden.答案：①were buried　②buried　himself in
语法填空③The ld man was________(bury)in his research at the mment.答案：buried　句意：这个老人当时在致力于他的研究。be buried in致力于。④________(bury)in his studies，he didn't knw that all the thers had left.答案：Buried　句意：因为专注于学习，他不知道别人都走了。be buried in专心于。
⑤Chinese fficials said all 18 elementary schl students________(bury)in a landslide in suthwestern China n Thursday were dead，while ne persn was missing.答案：buried　句意：中国官员说，中国西南部星期四发生一起山体滑坡，被掩埋的18名小学生全部遇难，还有一人失踪。bury掩埋。分析句子成分可知空格处作定语，根据句意用buried。
8．ccur vi. 发生①That accident ccurred yesterday.那事故是昨天发生的。②Didn't it ccur t yu that yur husband might be late?你当时没想到你丈夫也许会晚到吗？③The pssibility that she might be wrng never ccurred t her.她压根没想到自己可能会错。④I suppse it never ccurred t yu t phne the plice!我想你压根没想到给警察打电话吧！
知识拓展ccur t (主意或想法突然)浮现于脑中；被想起；被想到It ccurs t 某人想起……It ccurs t sb.t d sth.某人想起做某事
辨析ccur，happen，take place和break ut
即学即用完成句子①________________frequently in this area.这一地区经常发生地震。②________________________________t visit Iceland.她想到要去游览冰岛。答案：①Earthquakes ccur　②It ccurred t her
用ccur/happen/take place/break ut填空。③That accident________yesterday.④A fire________during the night.⑤The meeting________at 800 as planned.⑥I suppse it never________t yu t phne the plice.答案：③happened　④brke ut　⑤tk place　⑥ccurred
语法填空⑦It never ccurred t me________yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his mind.答案：that　考查固定句型。It ccurs/ccurred t sb that ...是固定句型，意思是：突然想起．，其中that引导主语从句。
9．hit1)v. 击；打She hit him n the head with her umbrella.她用雨伞打他的头。注意：hit作“打；击中；碰撞”讲时，后常接身体部位的介词短语。若该部位较硬或较突出，用介词n或against；若该部位下凹则用介词in。
①He hit his head n the dr.他一头撞到了门上。②Jhn hit him in the face.约翰打了他的脸。注意：介词和名词之间必须用定冠词，而不用物主代词。2)v. 袭击；击中；使遭受A pwerful earthquake hit the small twn.这个小城镇遭受了一次强烈的地震。
3)v. 到达(某地)；达到(某水平)Temperatures hit 40℃ yesterday.昨天气温高达40℃。4)v. 使突然想起I culdn't remember where I'd seen him befre，and then it suddenly hit me.起初我想不起以前在哪里见过他，后来猛然想起来了。
知识拓展1)hit(it)big很成功The band has hit big in the USA.乐队在美国一炮打响。2)be/make a hit(with sb.)给(某人)留下很好的第一印象；使(某人)一见钟情Yu've made a big hit with Bill.你让比尔一见倾心了。3)make a hit 获得成功
即学即用语法填空Suddenly he hit________a gd idea.答案：n/upn
10．strike vt./n. [C](struck；struck/striken)(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；打，敲①An earthquake struck the island.地震袭击了小岛。②Jane struck him in anger.简一怒之下打了他。③The clck struck twelve.钟敲了12下。④Wuld yu supprt a nuclear strike t bring an end t a war?你赞成以核攻击结束战争吗？
词语辨析strike，beat，hit和knck
友情提示1)strike指“疾病；灾难”袭击某一地区时，与hit用法相同。An earthquake struck/hit the island.一场地震袭击了岛屿。2)v. 突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意识到①A gd idea struck the scientist.那位科学家突然想起了一个好主意。②It struck me that we ught t make a new plan.我突然想起我们应该制订一项新的计划。
友情提示strike作“突然想到”讲，与ccur和hit同义。It ccurs t ＝It strikes ＝It hits sb. that...某人突然想起……知识拓展be n strike 进行/正在罢工；g n strike 举行罢工；strike a bargain 成交，达成协议；an air strike 空袭；be struck by/n/with sb./sth.被某人(或某物)打动或迷住Strike while the irn is ht.趁热打铁。
即学即用完成句子①在这个地方，雷雨、大风、雷击发生频繁。In this area heavy rain and strng wind as well as lightning________ccurred frequently.②钟敲了五下，这说明刚刚五点了。The clck________5 times，which meant 5 'clck just nw.答案：①strikes　②struck
结合语境填入适当的单词。③He________the girl dwn.(撞倒)④________while the irn is ht.(敲打)⑤He culd feel his heart________fast.(跳动)⑥One f the stnes________the windw.(打中)答案：③kncked　④Strike　⑤beating　⑥hit
11．rtate vt./vi.1)“(使)旋转”；“(使)缠绕”①Yu can rtate the pump wheel with yur hand.你可用手转动泵的轮子。②The earth rtates nce every 24 hurs.地球每24小时旋转一圈。2)“转换”；“轮作”①He rtates his men frm ne place t anther.他把他手下的人从一个地方轮换到另一个地方。②The chairmanship f the departments rtates annually.系主任的职位每年轮换一次。
即学即用完成句子The EU presidency____________________________.欧盟主席一职由成员国轮流担任。答案：rtates amng the members.
1.pick up拾起；拿起；偶然得到(或学到、找到)；收听到；搭载；恢复(健康)；好转；(碰巧或廉价地)买到①She kept picking up magazines and putting them dwn again.她不断地把那些杂志拿起来又放下。
②If yu sing it several times，yur children will begin t pick up the wrds.如果你把它唱几遍，你的孩子们就会不知不觉地学会歌词。③I managed t pick up an American news bradcast.我设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播。④My husband will pick yu up.我丈夫将去接你。⑤The train was gradually picking up speed.火车正在逐渐加速。
链接(1)pick ut精心挑选；辨别(2)pick ff去除；剪除(3)pick ne's way小心走路(4)pick at磨蹭着吃；小口吃
即学即用介、副词填空(1)It's easy fr my radi t pick________VOA English.(2)The sick wman just picked________the fd he brught.She didn't want t eat mre.(3)If yu have time at the weekend，wuld yu like t pick________the bike fr yur birthday?(4)Can yu pick________yur brther in the crwd?(5)He picked________French when he was staying in Paris.答案：(1)up　(2)at　(3)ut　(4)ut　(5)up
2．take(...)ff去掉……；摘下；脱下；起飞①Culd yu please help me take the lid ff the jar?你能帮我打开广口瓶的盖子吗？②He tk ff his hat after entering the huse.他进屋后摘下了帽子。③Yu'd better take ff yur shes.你最好脱掉鞋子。
助记take ff意思种种：
知识拓展take(a day)ff 休(一天)假；不工作take after 学……的榜样；仿效take away 拿走；夺走；拆去take back 收回(前言)；承认说错了话；取消(诺言)take dwn 拿下；取下；记(录)下来
take in 收进；接受；装入；收容；接待take n 具有；呈现；担任(工作)；承担(责任)；雇佣take ut 取出；拔出；除掉(污迹等)；擦去take ver 接收/管/任take up 举/拿/捡/拔起；占(地方)；费(时间)；占据；接纳(乘客)；(船)承装(货物)
即学即用语法填空The president's plane will take________frm the airprt at nine sharp tmrrw mrning.答案：ff　句意：总统的专机明天上午九点整从机场起飞。take ff“起飞”，符合题意。
3．r s大约；或许；左右(＝abut；r mre)①There were twenty r s.大约有二十个。②We stayed fr an hur r s.我们停留了一小时左右。即学即用语法填空My parents will mve back int twn in a year r______.答案：s　本题题意：我父母将在一年左右的时间里搬迁回市区居住。“时间＋r s＝abut＋时间。”
4．n average 平均The bys are 16 years ld n average.这些男孩子平均年龄16岁。知识拓展abve the average 在一般水平以上；中上；在平均数以上belw the average 在一般水平以下；中下；在平均数以下n average/n the average/n an average平均；按平均数计算；一般地说
即学即用语法填空Last year the number f students wh graduated with a driving license reached 200,000，a(n)________f 40,000 per year.答案：average　average“平均数”，符合句意。
5．end up 结果为……，以……结束①We were t g ut，but ended up watching TV.我们原计划外出，但结果却在家看电视。②He ended up as the head f the cmpany.他最后成为这家公司的老板。③He ended up his letter with a pem.他用一首诗结束了那封信。
知识拓展1)end up with 以……告终①The meeting ended up with a new sng.会议最后以高歌一首新曲而结束。②The mvie ends up with the wedding f the by and girl.电影以男青年与姑娘的婚礼做结尾。2)begin/start with...以……开始①At the dinner we usually begin with sup and end up with fruit.在宴会上，我们通常以汤菜开始，以水果结束。
②Start this sentence with the wrd“what”．以“what”一词开头写这个句子。③It wn't wrk：t start with，it wuld take t lng，and secndly it wuld cst t much.这行不通：首先，所需时间太长；其次，花钱太多。
即学即用完成句子①他们的努力以失败而告终。Their effrt________________________failure.②我们谈了好久，我想我把课都给误了。As we talked s lng，I think I have ________________________class.答案：①ended up in　②ended up missing
语法填空③Smell the flwers befre yu g t sleep，and yu may just end up________sweet dreams.答案：with　句意：睡觉前闻一闻花的香味，你也许会做个好梦。end up with sth.以……结束，符合题意。
6．in the sea 在海上by the sea 在海边at sea(船)在航行中；在海上by sea 搭船，经由海路put ut t sea 出海；启航
知识拓展英语中，像class，schl，church，hspital，prisn，sea等词用作抽象名词时，前面不加任何冠词；但用作具有实际意义的普通名词时，前面须加冠词。g t schl 去上学g t church 做礼拜g t sea 去航海；当海员g t prisn 去坐牢in hspital 住院g t class 去上课
g t the schl 去学校g t the church 去教堂g t the sea 去海边g t the prisn 去那所监狱in the hspital 在医院里g t the class 去教室
即学即用语法填空(1)Let's g t________cinema—that'll take yur mind ff the prblem fr________while.答案：the；a　考查冠词的用法。g t the cinema 表示具体的某地，fr a while是固定搭配，表示“一会儿”。
(2)If we sit near________frnt f the bus，we'll have________better view.答案：the；a　本题考查冠词在具体语境中的使用。句意应为“如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部，就会有更好的视野。”表示“某空间内部的前部”时，frnt前要加定冠词the；have a gd view是习惯搭配，表示“视野开阔，视野良好”之意。
1.They can destry huses，but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。leave vt.& vi.离开，出发；留下，剩下；忘带n.[U]休假；[C]假期①When did yu leave Lndn?你什么时候离开伦敦的？②He left his glves in the htel.他把手套落在旅馆里了。
③I tried calling him，but he'd already left fr wrk.我试着打电话给他，可他已经去上班了。④When I arrived at the airprt，I realised that I had left my ticket behind.当我到达机场时，才意识到自己忘带机票了。⑤He tk a week's leave t visit his sick mther.他请了一周的假，去看望生病的母亲。
即学即用语法填空(1)The teacher stressed again that the students shuld nt leave________any imprtant details while retelling the stry.答案：ut　句意：老师再次强调，同学们在复述这个故事时不要遗漏任何重要细节。leave ut“省去；遗漏”，符合题意。
(2)—Are yu ging t have a hliday this year?—I'd lve t.I can't wait t leave this place______.答案：behind　题意：“你今年去度假吗？”“我想去，我巴不得离开这儿。”“把……丢在后面”，符合题意。翻译句子(3)度假时我们必须把狗留下。_______________________________________________答案：We had t leave the dg behind when we went n vacatin.
2．On average，there are 800 trnades in the US each year，causing abut 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1,500人受伤。
注意：现在分词(短语)作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果；动词不定式与nly或never连用作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。①His father died，leaving him a lt f mney.他父亲去世了，留给他一大笔钱。②He hurried t the pst ffice nly t find it was clsed.他急忙赶到邮局，不料它已经关门了。
即学即用语法填空A small plane crashed int a hillside five miles east f the city，________(kill)all fur peple n bard.答案：killing　句意：一架小飞机在这座城市东部5英里处坠落到山坡上，造成机上四人全部死亡。句子主语a small plane与动词kill在逻辑上是主动关系，故用现在分词短语killing...作结果状语。
3．The wrst trnad f all time ccurred in 1925，affecting three US states：Missuri，Illinis and Indiana.最恶劣的一场龙卷风发生在1925年，波及了美国的三个州：密苏里州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。affect vt.影响；使感受；(病毒)感染①The climate affected his health.气候影响他的健康。②She was deeply affected by his gd deeds.他做的好事使她深受感动。③Cancer had affected his liver.癌症已侵及他的肝脏。
辨析affect，effect，influence
①This article will affect my thinking.这篇文章将会影响我的思想。②This bk effected a change in my pinin.这本书改变了我的看法。③Influenced by a high­schl bilgy teacher，he tk up the study f medicine.在一位中学生物教师的影响下，他从事了医学研究。
即学即用语法填空She can't get dwn t wrk because she was deeply________(affect)by the news f his death.答案：affected　句意：他的死讯让她非常震惊，她无法专心工作。affect“影响”，符合题意。
4．By the time it ended，mre than 700 peple had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.等到风停时，已有700多人死亡，2,700多人受伤。by the time意为“到……时候”，常用来指到某一时间点为止，引导时间状语从句，主句常用完成时态。①By the time he was 12，he had travelled t mre than 30 cuntries.到12岁为止，他已经去过30多个国家了。
②By the time I graduate next year，I will have lived here fr 5 years.到明年毕业时，我已经在这里待了5年了。注意：表示时间的短语有时也可以引导时间状语从句。常用的有the time，the mment，the minute/day/year，the first/secnd time，each time，every time，next time，any time等。
①The day he returned hme，his father was already dead.他到家的那天，他父亲已经去世了。②Every time I see him，he is wrking hard.我每次见到他，他都在努力工作。
即学即用语法填空(1)By the time yu have finished this bk，yur meal________(get)cld.答案：will get　句意：等你读完这本书，你的饭菜就凉了。by the time后的从句中用现在完成时表示将来完成意义，主句应用一般将来时。
(2)By the time he arrived in Lndn，we________(stay)in England fr mre than tw weeks.答案：had stayed　句意：到他到达伦敦时为止，我们已在英国待了两周多了。by the time引导的从句中用一般过去，主句的时态使用过去完成时。
Ⅰ.根据句意和单词首字母或汉语提示完成单词1．In 1975，the f________caused by five days f heavy rain in that area made 233,000 peple hmeless.2．Peple standing under a tree in a thunderstrm are likely t be struck by l________.3．Many men were b________undergrund when there was an accident at the mine.4．An unexpected strm________(发生)when we were enjying the pleasant vyage at the Yellw Sea.5．1,500,000 peple died in natural________(灾难)between 1980 and 2000.
6．The cars invlved in the accident lked badly________(损坏)．7．Describe the httest parts f the earth，nrth and suth f the________(赤道)．8．They can take the fur ff the back f a cat and the________(羽毛)ff a chicken.9．Hurricanes are strng________(热带的)strms，and they usually ccur in the suthern Atlantic Ocean，the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf f Mexic.答案：1.fld　2.lightning　3.buried　4.ccurred　5.disasters　6.damaged　7.equatr　8.feathers　9.trpical
Ⅱ.同义句转换1．It was difficult fr them t sleep because f the nise.The nise made________difficult fr them________sleep.2．Interviewing a famus film star is nt easy.________is difficult________________a famus film star.3．Hwever hard he wrks，he makes little prgress.________________________hard he wrks，he makes little prgress.
4．Lk up the new wrds in the dictinary if necessary.________________the dictinary if necessary.5．Because f the strm，the castle was destryed.________________________f the strm，the castle nw lay in ruins.6．Jane is experienced in teaching children.Jane has________in teaching children.
7．It struck me that he might nt have tld the truth.It________________me that he might nt have tld the truth.答案：1.it，t　2.It，t interview　3.N matter hw　4.Refer t　5.As a result　6.experience　7.ccurred t
Ⅲ.语法填空1．The reasn________he gave fr being late was________he frgt t set the alarm clck.答案：which；that　句意：他为自己迟到给出的原因是他忘了定闹钟。第一空为定语从句，which在从句中作gave的宾语；第二空为表语从句，that只起连接作用，不作句子成分。
2．Tangshan is the place where a(n) _________(vilence)earthquake tk place mre than 30 years ag.答案：vilent　句意：唐山就是三十多年前发生过一次大地震的地方。vilent“猛烈的；激烈的”，形容词，符合题意。
3．Has it ever________(ccur)t yu that yu culd have passed the exam?答案：ccurred　句意：你有没有想过你本可以通过考试的？it ccurs t 是固定句型，意为“某人想到……”，符合题意。4．Withut prfessinal training，yu culd pick________a lt f bad habits when playing the pian.答案：pick up　句意：如果没有经过专业的训练，弹琴时你可能染上很多坏习惯。pick up“(无意中)学到”，符合题意。
5．Paul was taking________his bt when the drbell rang.答案：ff　句意：正在保罗脱靴子的时候门铃响了。6．By the time he was 10，he________(learn)t make a living by himself.答案：had learned　句意：到10岁时，他已经学会自己谋生。by the time“到……时”，引导时间状语从句时主句使用完成时。此处表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。
7．By 1998，Chinese wmen had received 6.5 years f educatin________average.答案：n　句意：到1998年中国妇女平均受教育时间已达6.5年。n average“平均”，符合题意。8．If yu cntinue wasting mney like this，yu will end________lsing what yu have.答案：up　句意：如果你继续像这样浪费钱，你终将失去你的一切。end up“以……结束”，符合题意。
9．Arund 1850，a terrible disease hit the ptat crp，and ptates ________(g)bad in the sil.答案：went　g bad是固定短语，意为“变坏”，句意：约在1850年，一场可怕的病害袭击了马铃薯，因而马铃薯在地里变坏了。10．The furniture in this rm is quite different frm________in yurs in size and style.答案：that　that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，furniture为不可数名词，故用that。