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高中英语外研版必修4Module 4 Great Scientists说课ppt课件
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这是一份高中英语外研版必修4Module 4 Great Scientists说课ppt课件，共53页。PPT课件主要包含了b and c，强调动作的承受者，习惯用法，行文的需要， was given，被动语态考点点拨，语境应用汉译英，语境应用改错，is loved，have read等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Mdule 4Great Scientists
The Passive Vice
T review the passive viceT learn by + -ing frmT learn t talk abut numbers
Study the sentences and answer the questins.
a. Rice is grwn in many ther Asian cuntries.b Researchers were brught in frm all ver China.c. The research was supprted by the gvernment.
d. In Pakistan rice will be grwn in many parts f the cuntry.e. The new hybrid rice has been develped by the Yuan Lngping High-tech Agricultural Cmpany f China.
Which sentence is in the present simple (passive vice)?Which sentences are in the past simple (passive vice)?Which sentence refers t the future?Which sentence is in the present perfect?Which sentences are easy t transfrm int the active vice? Why? c and e, because we can easily find the subject f the active vice after “by”.
句子用主动语态还是被动语态，需要看句子主语和谓语动词之间的关系。如果主语是谓语动作的承受者，动词就需要用被动语态。被动语态是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的，其中 “be” 随主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。
被动语态(Passive Vice)
根据例句归纳各种时态的被动语态结构。
1. Our teachers are respected by us.2. He will be beaten by me.3. Paper was first invented in China.
am, is, are + 过去分词
will/shall + be + 过去分词
was, were + 过去分词
4. They really have been prly paid.5. Prductin csts had been greatly reduced.
has/have + been +过去分词
had been + 过去分词
6. A new railway is being built.7. The rads were being widened.
am/ is/are +being +过去分词
was/were +being +过去分词
Lk! There’s nthing here. Everything has been taken away.I was brn in 1991. She is liked by everybdy.
不知道或不必提出动作的执行者
When will we use passive vice?
He is said t be a gd teacher.Dan has been wrried all week. Last Tuesday he received a letter frm the lcal plice. In the letter he was asked t call at the statin.
The crude il is heated and passed int a distillatin clumn.
科技文体中多用被动语态
原油被加热后送进分馏塔。
Make sentences using the crrect tense f the passive vice.
1. These cmputers / prduce / in America These cmputers are prduced in America.2. Rice / grw / in China / fr / thusands f years Rice has been grwn in China fr thusands f years.
3. These electrnic games / make / in Japan These electrnic games are made in Japan.4. A new variety f rice / discver / in 1970 A new variety f rice was discvered in 1970.5. Many imprtant discveries / make / since / the beginning f last century Many imprtant discveries have been made since the beginning f last century.
Cmplete the sentences using the verbs in brackets.
As a by he _____________ (educate) in many schls.He ______________ (give) the nickname, “the student wh asks questins”.The results f his experiments ____________ (publish) in China in 1966.
was educated
were published
4. Finally, in 1970 a naturally sterile male rice plant _____________ (discver).5. 50 thusand square kilmetres f rice fields _____________ (cnvert) t grwing vegetables.6. Fllwing this, Yuan Lngping’s rice _____________ (exprt) t ther cuntries.
was discvered
were cnverted
was exprted
Write questins based n the infrmatin in activity 3 (last exercise).
1. Where ___________________________?2. What ____________________________?3. When ___________________________ ____________________?4. When ____________________________ _____________________?
was he educated (as a by)
nickname was he given
were the results f his experiments published (in China)
was a naturally sterile male rice plant finally discvered
5. Hw many _________________________ __________________________________?6. Where ____________________________ __________________________________?
square kilmetres f rice plant finally discvered
was Yuan Lngping’s rice exprted
Nw wrk in pairs. Ask and answer the questins.
1. 短语动词的被动语态：
e.g. That ld man was ften laughed at. The dctr has been sent fr.
有些动词和后面的介词或副词关系紧密，构成一个短语动词。短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组, 在被动结构中也是如此, 不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
1. 一定要充分利用时间。(make use f) Time must be made gd use f. 2. 那个计划就要被他们放弃了。(give up) The plan will be given up by them. 3. 孩子将被很好地照顾。(take gd care f) The children will be taken gd care f.
e.g. He must be prevented frm ging. The plan ught t be put int practice as sn as pssible. The sick shuld be taken gd care f during the utbreak f nvel crnavirus.
2. 含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为: “情态 动词 + be + 动词过去分词”
Such things needn’t talked. Such things needn’t be talked abut.
2. The bks may kept fr tw weeks by yu. The bks may be kept fr tw weeks by yu.
e.g. She heard him sing a sng just nw. -- He was heard t sing a sng just nw. He made me repeat the stry. -- I was made t repeat the stry.
3. 主动句中的宾语如果是不带t的不定式, 在变成被动句中的主语补足语时, t不能省去。
1. I nticed him crss the street. He was nticed t crss the street.2. They ften help me clean the rm. I am helped t clean the rm.3. We ften see her read English in the mrning. She is ften seen t read English in the mrning.
【语境应用】将下列句子改为被动态。
The dr was lcked by the mnitr.The dr was lcked.The cmpsitin was written with great care.The cmpsitin is well written.
Lk at the fllwing sentences:
4. 区别被动语态和系表（系动词+过去分词）结构
被动语态表示动作, 句子主语是动作对象; “连系动词 + 表语(过去分词)” 表示状态, 其中过去分词相当于形容词, 因此被动语态可以有多种时态, 而“连系动词 + 表语”中的只有一般时态和完成时态。
They are trying t make sure that 5G terminals _____ by 2022 fr the Beijing Winter Olympics. (2019江苏) will install B. will have been installedC. are installed D. have been installed2. Amy, as well as her brthers, ____ a warm welcme when returning t the village last week. (2019天津) is given B. are given C. was given D. were given
Fill in the blanks.1. On the last day f ur week-lng stay, we ____________ (invite) t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars. (2019新课标III卷)
was invited
2. A rescue wrker risked his life saving tw turists wh ________________ (trap) in the muntains fr tw days. ( 2018北京)
3. I was sent t the village last mnth t see hw the develpment plan __________________ (carry ut) in the past tw years. (2018江苏)
had been trapped
had been carried ut
4. In the 1950s in the USA, mst families had just ne phne at hme, and wireless phnes __________________ (invent) yet. (2018北京)5. Nwadays, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, __________ (regard) as ne f the best all-rund frms f exercise. (2018天津)
hadn’t been invented
is regarded
6. He hurried hme, never nce lking back t see if he _________________ (fllw). (2018江苏)7. The giant panda 61. ________ (lve) by peple thrughut the wrld. (2018四川)8. I _________ (read) half f the English nvel, and I'll try t finish it at the weekend. (2017北京)
was being fllwed
Lk at the sentence and decide which questin the underlined phrase answers.
He thught he culd prduce mre rice by crssing different species f plant.
What culd he prduce?Why shuld he prduce mre rice?Hw culd he prduce mre rice?
by 与动词-ing连用，译为“通过……”。表示某种方式。e.g. By helping them we are helping t save urselves.
选D。空格处所填的词与making并列，同作by的宾语，故用动词-ing形式。题意为“人通过出错并改正错误来学习语言。”
One learns a language by making mistakes and _____ them. A. crrects B. crrectC. t crrect D. crrecting
Rewrite the sentences by changing the underlined phrases with a phrase beginning with by+ing.
Example:Yu can get a gd jb if yu study hard.Yu can get a gd jb by studying hard.
1. Yuan Lngping changed agriculture in China. He discvered a new type f rice.
Yuan Lngping changed agriculture in China by discvering a new type f rice.
Researchers learn things by carrying ut experiments.
2. Researchers learn things when they carry ut experiments.
3. They changed the design and s they built a better engine.
By changing the design they built a better engine.
Yu will becme a better pianist by practising ften.
4. Yu will becme a better pianist if yu practise ften.
5. If we plan fr the future we can be happy in the present.
By planning fr the future we can be happy in the present.
Cnclusin: by + -ing frm 结构可以和从句相互转化；使用by+ -ing frm 可以使句式简化。
英语中一千以上的数字读法如下：从后向前数，每三位数都有一个“，”。其中，第一个“，”前为thusand; 第二个为millin; 第三个为billin。
FunctinTalking abut numbers
1,238,687,241读作ne billin, tw hundred and thirty-eight millin, six hundred and eighty-seven thusand, tw hundred and frty-ne。
分数表达：1. 先分子，后分母；2. 分子用基数，分母用序数；3. 分子大于1时，分母后加s。4. 如果分母是2或4，可分别用half和quarter代替。
1/3读作ne third; 3/4读作three-furths或three quarters; 1/2读作a half。带分数需在分数前加整数和and。如： 读作three and tw-fifths。
百分数的读法：百分号读作percent，小数点常读作pint 。如：30% → thirty percent53.2% → fifty three pint tw percent
可借助下面的“口诀”来帮助记忆：※ 读大数字的“口诀”：从右向左三逗开，一逗千，二逗百万，三逗就是十万万；三位分开用百读，包准又快又清楚。※ 分数表达法“口诀”：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于1，分母加-s。带分数莫着急，前加整数就可以。分母若是2和4，half, quarter可代替。
Chse the crrect way f saying the numbers.
5,000,000 (a) five millin (b) five millins
Ntes：在表示数字时，若是hundred, thusand, millin, billin前面有具体的数字时，这些词只可用单数形式。
2. 47.5% (a) frty seven half percent (b) frty seven pint five percent3. 632 (a) six hundred and thirty tw (b) six hundred thirty tw4. 4/5 (a) fur fifths (b) fur five
Read the sentences alud.
Rice was first grwn abut 5,000 years ag.China exprts abut 1.5% f its rice.Australia prduces abut 250,000 tns f rice.2/3 f the wrld’s ppulatin regularly eat rice.
I. 选用括号内合适的内容完成下面句子。
1. In the spken English f sme areas in the US, the “r” sunds at the end f the wrds _____________ (are drpped / drp).2. I like these English sngs and they _______________ (have been taught / have taught) many times n the radi.
are drpped
have been taught
3. The water __________ (is felt / felt) cl when I jumped int the pl fr mrning exercise.4. An exhibitin f paintings is __________ (held / t be held) at the museum next week.5. In the 1950s in the USA, mst families had just ne phne at hme, and wireless phnes ___________________ (haven’t invented / hadn’t been invented) yet.6. Nwadays, cycling alng with jgging and swimming, ___________ (is regarded / regards) as ne f the best all-rund exercises.
hadn’t been invented
II. 将下面句子的划线部分改为含“by+动词-ing”形式的短语。1. I study English when I read English newspapers. _________________________________ _________________________________2. We can help mre peple if we train lcal dctrs and nurses. __________________________________ __________________________________
I study English by reading English newspapers.
We can help mre peple by training lcal dctrs and nurses.
3. The patient gt better sn when he fllwed the dctr’s advice. ___________________________________ ___________________________________4. Tim finally gt a satisfying scre because he studied hard. _____________________________________ _____________________________________
The patient gt better sn by fllwing the dctr’s advice.
Tim finally gt a satisfying scre by studying hard.
Finish exercises n page 85.
Mdule 4Great Scientists
The Passive Vice
T review the passive viceT learn by + -ing frmT learn t talk abut numbers
Study the sentences and answer the questins.
a. Rice is grwn in many ther Asian cuntries.b Researchers were brught in frm all ver China.c. The research was supprted by the gvernment.
d. In Pakistan rice will be grwn in many parts f the cuntry.e. The new hybrid rice has been develped by the Yuan Lngping High-tech Agricultural Cmpany f China.
Which sentence is in the present simple (passive vice)?Which sentences are in the past simple (passive vice)?Which sentence refers t the future?Which sentence is in the present perfect?Which sentences are easy t transfrm int the active vice? Why? c and e, because we can easily find the subject f the active vice after “by”.
句子用主动语态还是被动语态，需要看句子主语和谓语动词之间的关系。如果主语是谓语动作的承受者，动词就需要用被动语态。被动语态是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的，其中 “be” 随主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。
被动语态(Passive Vice)
根据例句归纳各种时态的被动语态结构。
1. Our teachers are respected by us.2. He will be beaten by me.3. Paper was first invented in China.
am, is, are + 过去分词
will/shall + be + 过去分词
was, were + 过去分词
4. They really have been prly paid.5. Prductin csts had been greatly reduced.
has/have + been +过去分词
had been + 过去分词
6. A new railway is being built.7. The rads were being widened.
am/ is/are +being +过去分词
was/were +being +过去分词
Lk! There’s nthing here. Everything has been taken away.I was brn in 1991. She is liked by everybdy.
不知道或不必提出动作的执行者
When will we use passive vice?
He is said t be a gd teacher.Dan has been wrried all week. Last Tuesday he received a letter frm the lcal plice. In the letter he was asked t call at the statin.
The crude il is heated and passed int a distillatin clumn.
科技文体中多用被动语态
原油被加热后送进分馏塔。
Make sentences using the crrect tense f the passive vice.
1. These cmputers / prduce / in America These cmputers are prduced in America.2. Rice / grw / in China / fr / thusands f years Rice has been grwn in China fr thusands f years.
3. These electrnic games / make / in Japan These electrnic games are made in Japan.4. A new variety f rice / discver / in 1970 A new variety f rice was discvered in 1970.5. Many imprtant discveries / make / since / the beginning f last century Many imprtant discveries have been made since the beginning f last century.
Cmplete the sentences using the verbs in brackets.
As a by he _____________ (educate) in many schls.He ______________ (give) the nickname, “the student wh asks questins”.The results f his experiments ____________ (publish) in China in 1966.
was educated
were published
4. Finally, in 1970 a naturally sterile male rice plant _____________ (discver).5. 50 thusand square kilmetres f rice fields _____________ (cnvert) t grwing vegetables.6. Fllwing this, Yuan Lngping’s rice _____________ (exprt) t ther cuntries.
was discvered
were cnverted
was exprted
Write questins based n the infrmatin in activity 3 (last exercise).
1. Where ___________________________?2. What ____________________________?3. When ___________________________ ____________________?4. When ____________________________ _____________________?
was he educated (as a by)
nickname was he given
were the results f his experiments published (in China)
was a naturally sterile male rice plant finally discvered
5. Hw many _________________________ __________________________________?6. Where ____________________________ __________________________________?
square kilmetres f rice plant finally discvered
was Yuan Lngping’s rice exprted
Nw wrk in pairs. Ask and answer the questins.
1. 短语动词的被动语态：
e.g. That ld man was ften laughed at. The dctr has been sent fr.
有些动词和后面的介词或副词关系紧密，构成一个短语动词。短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组, 在被动结构中也是如此, 不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
1. 一定要充分利用时间。(make use f) Time must be made gd use f. 2. 那个计划就要被他们放弃了。(give up) The plan will be given up by them. 3. 孩子将被很好地照顾。(take gd care f) The children will be taken gd care f.
e.g. He must be prevented frm ging. The plan ught t be put int practice as sn as pssible. The sick shuld be taken gd care f during the utbreak f nvel crnavirus.
2. 含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为: “情态 动词 + be + 动词过去分词”
Such things needn’t talked. Such things needn’t be talked abut.
2. The bks may kept fr tw weeks by yu. The bks may be kept fr tw weeks by yu.
e.g. She heard him sing a sng just nw. -- He was heard t sing a sng just nw. He made me repeat the stry. -- I was made t repeat the stry.
3. 主动句中的宾语如果是不带t的不定式, 在变成被动句中的主语补足语时, t不能省去。
1. I nticed him crss the street. He was nticed t crss the street.2. They ften help me clean the rm. I am helped t clean the rm.3. We ften see her read English in the mrning. She is ften seen t read English in the mrning.
【语境应用】将下列句子改为被动态。
The dr was lcked by the mnitr.The dr was lcked.The cmpsitin was written with great care.The cmpsitin is well written.
Lk at the fllwing sentences:
4. 区别被动语态和系表（系动词+过去分词）结构
被动语态表示动作, 句子主语是动作对象; “连系动词 + 表语(过去分词)” 表示状态, 其中过去分词相当于形容词, 因此被动语态可以有多种时态, 而“连系动词 + 表语”中的只有一般时态和完成时态。
They are trying t make sure that 5G terminals _____ by 2022 fr the Beijing Winter Olympics. (2019江苏) will install B. will have been installedC. are installed D. have been installed2. Amy, as well as her brthers, ____ a warm welcme when returning t the village last week. (2019天津) is given B. are given C. was given D. were given
Fill in the blanks.1. On the last day f ur week-lng stay, we ____________ (invite) t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars. (2019新课标III卷)
was invited
2. A rescue wrker risked his life saving tw turists wh ________________ (trap) in the muntains fr tw days. ( 2018北京)
3. I was sent t the village last mnth t see hw the develpment plan __________________ (carry ut) in the past tw years. (2018江苏)
had been trapped
had been carried ut
4. In the 1950s in the USA, mst families had just ne phne at hme, and wireless phnes __________________ (invent) yet. (2018北京)5. Nwadays, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, __________ (regard) as ne f the best all-rund frms f exercise. (2018天津)
hadn’t been invented
is regarded
6. He hurried hme, never nce lking back t see if he _________________ (fllw). (2018江苏)7. The giant panda 61. ________ (lve) by peple thrughut the wrld. (2018四川)8. I _________ (read) half f the English nvel, and I'll try t finish it at the weekend. (2017北京)
was being fllwed
Lk at the sentence and decide which questin the underlined phrase answers.
He thught he culd prduce mre rice by crssing different species f plant.
What culd he prduce?Why shuld he prduce mre rice?Hw culd he prduce mre rice?
by 与动词-ing连用，译为“通过……”。表示某种方式。e.g. By helping them we are helping t save urselves.
选D。空格处所填的词与making并列，同作by的宾语，故用动词-ing形式。题意为“人通过出错并改正错误来学习语言。”
One learns a language by making mistakes and _____ them. A. crrects B. crrectC. t crrect D. crrecting
Rewrite the sentences by changing the underlined phrases with a phrase beginning with by+ing.
Example:Yu can get a gd jb if yu study hard.Yu can get a gd jb by studying hard.
1. Yuan Lngping changed agriculture in China. He discvered a new type f rice.
Yuan Lngping changed agriculture in China by discvering a new type f rice.
Researchers learn things by carrying ut experiments.
2. Researchers learn things when they carry ut experiments.
3. They changed the design and s they built a better engine.
By changing the design they built a better engine.
Yu will becme a better pianist by practising ften.
4. Yu will becme a better pianist if yu practise ften.
5. If we plan fr the future we can be happy in the present.
By planning fr the future we can be happy in the present.
Cnclusin: by + -ing frm 结构可以和从句相互转化；使用by+ -ing frm 可以使句式简化。
英语中一千以上的数字读法如下：从后向前数，每三位数都有一个“，”。其中，第一个“，”前为thusand; 第二个为millin; 第三个为billin。
FunctinTalking abut numbers
1,238,687,241读作ne billin, tw hundred and thirty-eight millin, six hundred and eighty-seven thusand, tw hundred and frty-ne。
分数表达：1. 先分子，后分母；2. 分子用基数，分母用序数；3. 分子大于1时，分母后加s。4. 如果分母是2或4，可分别用half和quarter代替。
1/3读作ne third; 3/4读作three-furths或three quarters; 1/2读作a half。带分数需在分数前加整数和and。如： 读作three and tw-fifths。
百分数的读法：百分号读作percent，小数点常读作pint 。如：30% → thirty percent53.2% → fifty three pint tw percent
可借助下面的“口诀”来帮助记忆：※ 读大数字的“口诀”：从右向左三逗开，一逗千，二逗百万，三逗就是十万万；三位分开用百读，包准又快又清楚。※ 分数表达法“口诀”：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于1，分母加-s。带分数莫着急，前加整数就可以。分母若是2和4，half, quarter可代替。
Chse the crrect way f saying the numbers.
5,000,000 (a) five millin (b) five millins
Ntes：在表示数字时，若是hundred, thusand, millin, billin前面有具体的数字时，这些词只可用单数形式。
2. 47.5% (a) frty seven half percent (b) frty seven pint five percent3. 632 (a) six hundred and thirty tw (b) six hundred thirty tw4. 4/5 (a) fur fifths (b) fur five
Read the sentences alud.
Rice was first grwn abut 5,000 years ag.China exprts abut 1.5% f its rice.Australia prduces abut 250,000 tns f rice.2/3 f the wrld’s ppulatin regularly eat rice.
I. 选用括号内合适的内容完成下面句子。
1. In the spken English f sme areas in the US, the “r” sunds at the end f the wrds _____________ (are drpped / drp).2. I like these English sngs and they _______________ (have been taught / have taught) many times n the radi.
are drpped
have been taught
3. The water __________ (is felt / felt) cl when I jumped int the pl fr mrning exercise.4. An exhibitin f paintings is __________ (held / t be held) at the museum next week.5. In the 1950s in the USA, mst families had just ne phne at hme, and wireless phnes ___________________ (haven’t invented / hadn’t been invented) yet.6. Nwadays, cycling alng with jgging and swimming, ___________ (is regarded / regards) as ne f the best all-rund exercises.
hadn’t been invented
II. 将下面句子的划线部分改为含“by+动词-ing”形式的短语。1. I study English when I read English newspapers. _________________________________ _________________________________2. We can help mre peple if we train lcal dctrs and nurses. __________________________________ __________________________________
I study English by reading English newspapers.
We can help mre peple by training lcal dctrs and nurses.
3. The patient gt better sn when he fllwed the dctr’s advice. ___________________________________ ___________________________________4. Tim finally gt a satisfying scre because he studied hard. _____________________________________ _____________________________________
The patient gt better sn by fllwing the dctr’s advice.
Tim finally gt a satisfying scre by studying hard.
Finish exercises n page 85.
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