专题2.3 人教版八年级英语上册 How often do you exercie Grammar知识点+练习题学案

这是一份专题2.3 人教版八年级英语上册 How often do you exercie Grammar知识点+练习题学案，共13页。学案主要包含了hw ften引导的特殊疑问句，＂比较法＂学习频率副词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Unit 2 How often do you exercise?

一、how often引导的特殊疑问句
1. how often 意为＂多久(一次)＂，它引导的特殊疑问句用来询问某动作发生的频率。how often通常是对一些表示频率的副词提问，如：always，usually，often，sometimes，never等，也可以对表示＂多久几次＂之类的频率短语提问，如once a week，twice a year，three times a day等。
☞ —How often do you go back home? 你多久回家一次?
—Once a week/Often/Sometimes. 一周一次/经常/有时。
2. 特别提示：若仅对像once，twice，three times这样只表示次数的词语提问，要用how many times＂多少次＂，不用how often。
☞ —How many times have you been to Beijing? 你去过北京多少次?
—Only once. 仅仅一次。
3. 注意how often与其他短语的区别
（1）how long主要用来提问动作延续了多长时间，答语通常含有＂for + 一段时间＂、＂since + 时间点＂或since引导的时间状语从句。问句和答语中的谓语动词通常为延续性动词。how long也可以用来询问长度。
☞ —How long can I keep this book? 这本书我能借多长时间?
—For two weeks. 两周。
☞ —How long is the bridge? 这座桥有多长?
—About 1,000 meters. 大约1，000米。
（2）how soon用来询问＂过多久＂动作才发生，谓语动词常为终止性动词，时态多为将来时，答语通常为＂in +一段时间＂。
☞ —How soon will you get here? 你还有多久能到这里?
—In five minutes. 五分钟以后。
（3）how far用来询问两地之间的距离＂有多远＂。
☞ —How far is it from your home to your factory? 你家离你的工厂有多远?
—About twenty minutes’ walk. 步行大约20分钟。

—______________ does your father go to the fitness center?
—He exercises there twice a week.
A. How soon　　 B. How often C. How long
【答案】B
【点拨】本题用寻找题眼法。由答语中＂twice a week＂可知问句是对频率提问。
二、＂比较法＂学习频率副词
相同点
always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly ever，never都是频率副词，句中只有一个行为动词时，应位于动词之前；当有助动词、系动词、情态动词时，位于其后；谓语动词为多个时，放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后(有not时，放not之后)。
always
(100%)
（1）always表示动作重复，状态连续，中间从来没有间断，表示频率最大，意思是＂总是，一直，永远＂。其反义词为never。
（2）always与进行时态连用，并不强调动作正在进行，而是表示说话人的＂赞叹、不满、厌烦＂等情绪，带有强烈的感情色彩，结构：be always doing sth。
☞ She is always asking for leave. 她老是请假。(表示不满)
（3）always与not连用，表示部分否定，意思是＂不总是＂。
☞ The rich are not always happy. 有钱人未必总幸福。
☞ I do not always believe what he says. 我并没始终相信他所说的话。
usually
(80%左右)
usually的频率仅次于always，意为＂通常＂，表示通常如此，很少例外。其反义词为unusually。usually一般情况下位于句中。
☞ He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 他通常在10点睡觉。
☞ What do you usually do on Sundays? 你通常星期天干什么?
often
(50%左右)
often＂经常，常常＂，强调经常性，表示动作重复，中间有间断，它比always，usually语气弱，其反义词为seldom。
☞ They often go for a walk after supper. 晚饭后，他们常常去散步。
☞ She is often late for work. 她上班常迟到。
sometimes
(30%左右)
（1）sometimes表示＂有时，不时，间或＂，同义词组为at times，表示动作偶尔发生，中间间隔较大，频率比often小。
（2）sometimes有时为了对比或强调，也可位于句首或句末，但不引起倒装。
☞ Sometimes he slept at home, sometimes he slept in the office. 他有时在家睡觉，有时在办公室睡觉。
hardly ever
(1%-10%左右)
（1）hardly ever＂几乎从不，很少＂，所表示的频率已经很少了，相当于seldom。
☞ He hardly ever goes to bed before midnight. 他很少在半夜前就寝。
（2）hardly ever是具有否定意义的副词，不与not连用。
never(0%)
（1）never表示＂从来不，未曾，永不＂，频率为零，表示动作或状态从没发生。
（2）通常情况下，句子中用了never，就不再用含有否定意义的not，no，nothing等词。
（3）never位于句首时要用倒装语序。
☞ Never have I met such a strange person. 我从来没有碰见过这么怪的人。
小提示
（1）表示频率的答语有every day，once a week，three times a day等。
（2）对表示频率的副词和短语提问用how often。

频度副词用法
行前系后情助后，句首句末表强调。
（行—行为动词；系—系动词be；情—情态动词；助—助动词）

—Do you like going mountain climbing?
—Yes, I ______________ do it on weekends with my friends.
A. seldom　　 B. often　　
C. never D. hardly ever
【答案】B

I. 单项选择
1. （2016﹒福建福州卷）—____________ is the nearest hospital from here?
—Er, it’s about ten minutes’ walk.
A. How long B. How far C. How often
2.（2016﹒贵州黔西南卷）—____________ will you come back?
—I will come back in eighteen days.
A. How often B. How long
C. How soon D. How much
3. （2016﹒湖南长沙卷）—____________ will you fly to Beijing?
—In two days.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon
4.（2016﹒江苏连云港卷）—____________ will the 6th Chinese Film Festival in France last?
—From May 24th to July 19th.
A. How often B. How soon
C. How long D. How many
5.（2016﹒湖北荆州卷）—I ____________ eat vegetables.
—But they are good for your health! We should eat them every day.
A. often B. usually
C. always D. seldom
6.（2015﹒广东佛山卷）Meals are very boring. He ____________ has the same thing to eat every day.
A. never B. usually C. sometimes
7.（2015﹒广西崇左卷）—Have you ever been to Guilin?
—No, ____________. I hope I can go there next year.
A. always B. sometimes
C. never D. often
8.（2015﹒大连卷）There is lots of interesting work to do here, so I ____________ feel bored.
A. always B. often
C. usually D. never
9.（2015·绥化卷）—How often does Mike go to the net bar?
—____________. He is so busy with his study.
A. Almost every day B. Always C. Hardly ever
10.（2015·泰安）—____________ do I need to feed the pet dog?
—Twice a day.
A. How long B. How much
C. How soon D. How often
11. (2015·绥化) —How often does Mike go to the net bar?
—____________. He is so busy with his study.
A. Almost every day B. Always C. Hardly ever
12. —____________ do you play football?
—Never. I don’t like that.
A. How far B. How many
C. How often D. How long
13. —How many hours do you exercise every day?
—____________.
A. Twice a day B. Second
C. Two D. Two times
14. If my friends have any problems, my door is ____________ open to them.
A. never B. seldom
C. sometimes D. always
15. I ____________ ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school.
A. never B. hardly
C. seldom D. usually
II. 根据要求完成下列各题
1. I visited my friends in Beijing twice a month last year.（对画线部分提问）
__________________ __________________ did you visit your friends in Beijing last year?
2. Mike always plays computer games on school nights.（改为否定句）
Mike __________________ __________________ computer games on school nights.
3. I go to school five days a week.（对画线部分提问）
__________________ __________________ __________________ do you go to school a week?
4. She watches TV every day.（对画线部分提问）
__________________ __________________ __________________ she watch TV?
5. Mr. Zhang is teaching him English.（用often改写句子）
Mr. Zhang __________________ __________________ him English.
6. I often go shopping.（对画线部分提问）
__________________ __________________ do you go shopping?
7. She sleeps seven hours every day.（对画线部分提问）
__________________ __________________ __________________ does she __________________ every day?
8. His shoes are fifty yuan.（对画线部分提问）
__________________ __________________ are his shoes?
9. She washes clothes every Sunday.（改为否定句）
She __________________ __________________ clothes every Sunday.
10. We often visit our grandparents on weekends.（对画线部分提问）
__________________ __________________ you often __________________ on weekends?
11. Many young people watch football matches on TV four or five times a week.（对画线部分提问）
__________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ many young people __________________ football matches on TV?
12. Jack usually does his homework at school.（改为一般疑问句）
__________________ Jack __________________ __________________ his homework at school?
III. 完成句子，每空一词
1. 你父亲周末经常做什么？（usually）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. 你多久打扫一次你的卧室？（how often）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. 母亲说这对我的健康有益。（be good for）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. 你每晚睡几个小时？（how many）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. 一些学生每周看电视4到5次。（times）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
6. 夏天的下午我们通常在公园里玩。（usually）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7. 我妈妈上班从不迟到。（never）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
8. 你应该经常去看你的祖父母。(often)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9. 不要总是待在家看电视。（always）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
10. 有时候我坐汽车去那里。（sometimes）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
IV. 完形填空
Ava was ill. She went to see a doctor. The doctor asked her to 1 her tongue (舌头), and then he said, ＂OK. You can put your tongue back now. There’s 2 wrong with you, but I’m afraid you have a problem, you never take 3 .＂
＂But, doctor,＂ Ava said, ＂I don’t think so.＂
＂Don’t 4 me what you think,＂ the doctor said, ＂I see a lot of people 5 you. None of them get any exercise. They sit in offices all day and in front of the TV in the evening. You must walk quickly for at least 20 minutes a day.＂
＂Doctor, you don’t understand.＂ Ava said, ＂I take enough exercise every day. ＂
＂I don’t want to 6 any excuses,＂ the doctor said, ＂You must find time 7 exercise. If you don’t, you will get 8 and have health problems.＂
＂But I walk every day.＂ Ava said.
＂Oh, yes, and I know what kind of walking that is. You walk 9 meters to the bus stop from your house, from the bus stop to your office, and from your office to your dining-room for lunch and back. That’s not a real walk. I’m talking about a walk by the lake or in the park for 20 minutes every day. ＂
＂Would you please 10 me, doctor?＂ Ava said, ＂I’m a postwoman. I walk for nearly seven hours every day.＂
For a moment the doctor was silent, then he said, ＂Can I see your tongue again?＂
1. A. put away B. put down C. put out
2. A. something B. nothing C. some
3. A. exercises B. medicine C. exercise
4. A. tell B. say C. ask
5. A. seem B. likes C. like
6. A. hear B. say C. find
7. A. about B. for C. in
8. A. thin B. strong C. fat
9. A. little B. a little C. a few
10. A. to hear B. hear C. listen to
V. 短文填空
Now many children are getting fat because they do little e 1 . Some of them spend too much time watching TV. O 2 have to spend a lot of time studying. So they don’t have e 3 time to exercise.
A report says that many middle school students spend about 10 hours a day sitting down and more than 13 hours e 4 week watching TV. And many students like eating sweet food. That also m 5 them fatter.
Do you want to be healthy but don’t know h 6 ? It is very i 7 to exercise and eat the right food. You don’t need to spend all day doing exercise to keep fit. In fact, you can exercise anywhere at any t 8 . Walking to school, c 9 the house or climbing stairs(楼梯) every day can h 10 . Remember there are easy ways to keep fit. Doing exercise can make you feel good. That also helps you do better at school.

I. 单项选择
1. B 【解析】句意：——最近的医院离这里多远？——嗯，步行大约十分钟的路程。how long多久，多长时间，提问时间；low far多远，提问路程；how often多久一次，提问频率。由答语可知问的是路程的长度，故选A。学科*网
2. C 【解析】句意：——你多快会回来？——我在18天后会回来。how often多久一次，向频率副词提问；how long多长，多久，问时间的长度；how soon多快，问动作多快会发生；how much多少，问不可数名词的数量。由答语可知这里问的是多快，故选C。
3. C 【解析】句意：——你多久会飞回北京？——2天后。How long多长时间；How often多久一次；How soon还要过多久，与将来时连用。故选C。

5. D 【解析】句意：——我很少吃蔬菜。——但是它们对你的健康有好处！我们应该每天吃它们。often经常；usually经常；always总是；seldom很少；根据But they are good for your health!可知此处表示转折关系，虽然它们有利于健康，但是他吃得少，故用副词seldom，故选D。
6. B 【解析】句意：他的饮食很单一，每天通常吃同样的东西。never从不，绝不；usually通常；sometimes有时。故选B。学科*网
7. C 【解析】句意：——你曾经去过桂林吗？——没有，从没去过。我希望明年能去那里。这四个选项都是频率副词，always总是，一直；sometimes有时，偶尔；never从不，从来不；often经常。根据否定回答及后文说希望明年能去，说明从来没有去过，故选C。
8. D 【解析】句意：这儿有许多有趣的事情做。因此我从不感到无聊。always总是，一直；often经常；usually通常；never从不，绝不。因为有许多有趣的事，所以从不无聊。故选D。
9. C 【解析】almost every day几乎每天；always总是；hardly ever几乎从不。由＂He is so busy with his study.＂可知C项为正确答案。
10. D 【解析】句意：——我多久需要喂宠物狗一次？———天两次。how long多长时间；how much多少(钱)；how soon多久；how often多久一次。根据答语可知询问频率，故选D。
11. C 【解析】almost every day几乎每天；always总是；hardly ever几乎从不。由＂He is so busy with his study.＂可知C项为正确答案。
12. C 【解析拨】how far多远；how many多少；how often多久一次；how long多长时间。由Never可知是对频率进行提问，所以选C。
13. C 【解析】句意：——你每天运动多少个小时？——两个小时。由问句中的How many hours可知这里是问运动的时长，故选C。
14. D 【解析】本题用句意分析法解题。句意：如果我的朋友有任何问题，我的门总是会为他们敞开。never从不；seldom 很少；sometimes 有时；always总是。故选D项。
II. 根据要求完成下列各题
1. How often 2. never plays 3. How many days 4. How often does
5. often teaches 6. How often 7. How many hours；sleep 8. How much
9. doesn’t wash 10. What do；do 11. How many times do；watch 12. Does；usually do
III. 完成句子，每空一词
1. What does your father usually do on weekends?
2. How often do you clean your bedroom?
3. Mother says it’s good for my health.
4. How many hours do you sleep every night?
5. Some students watch TV four or five times a week.
6. We usually play in the park in the afternoon in summer.
7. My mother is never late for work.
8. You should often go to see your grandparents.
9. Don’t always watch TV at home.
10. Sometimes I go there by car.
IV. 完形填空
【文章大意】Ava生病了去看医生，医生检查了她的舌头之后，建议她要多做运动，多走动。不然就会变胖或者会有健康方面的问题。建议她每天至少走二十分钟的路。Ava说她是邮递员，每天至少要走七个小时。最后医生提出再次检查她的舌头。学科*网
1. C 【解析】考查动词短语及语境的理解。句意：医生让她伸出舌头。put away放好，储存；put down记下，放下；put out伸出，扑灭； put up建造，举起。故选C。
2. B 【解析】考查不定代词及语境的理解。句意：你身体没有什么问题。根据 but I’m afraid you have a problem, you never take exercise。但是我很担心你有一个问题，你从没有参加锻炼。故选B。
3. C 【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：但是我很担心你有一个问题，你从没有参加锻炼。take Exercise锻炼；take medicine吃药。exercise为锻炼的意思时为不可数名词，故选C。

5. C 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：我知道有很多人像你一样。seem似乎，像是，不及物动词，不能直接加sb，通常为seem like，看起来像。like像……一样，介词。故选C。
6. A 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：我不想听任何的借口。hear听；say说；find找到；look for寻找。故选A。
7. B 【解析】考查介词及语境的理解。句意：你必须要有锻炼的时间。find time for sth抽时间做某事。故选B。
8. C 【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：如果你不这样做，你就会变胖还会有健康问题。thin瘦；strong强壮；fat胖；healthy健康。根据题意，如果不锻炼就会变胖。故选C。
9. C 【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：从你的家到汽车站就只有几米。little、a little用来修饰不可数名词。排除A、B。a few一些。故选C。
10. C 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：请你听我说好吗？Would you please do sth?请你做某事好吗？hear听见，听到，及物动词，是一个无意识的动作。listen to听，表示专心致志地听，是一个有意识的听。故选C。学科&网
V. 短文填空
【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是现在很多孩子都变得越来越胖，因为他们没有很多时间去锻炼，他们总是忙着学习或者是看电视。作者认为其实我们可以在任何时间、任何地点进行锻炼，这样可以使我们的身体保持健康。
1. exercise 【解析】句意：现在很多孩子都因为缺少锻炼而变胖。exercise 锻炼，练习。我们知道锻炼对人体是有好处的，而这篇短文要告诉我们的是很多孩子因为不锻炼而变得肥胖。下文So they don’t ... time to exercise 可知应填exercise。
2. Others 【解析】句意：其他孩子需要花费很多时间学习。others其他人，根据上句话Some of them spend too much time watching TV可知，这里说的是一些人，那么下面跟着的应该是其他人，故填Others。
3. enough 【解析】由于花费很多时间看电视或者学习，所以没有足够的时间去锻炼。这里的enough 修饰后面的名词time。
4. every/each 【解析】句意：一个报告说很多中学生每天花费大约10个小时坐着，每周花费超过13个小时看电视。every或者each的意思都是每一个，修饰后面的名词week，every week每周，表示看电视的频率。
5. makes 【解析】句意：那也会使他们变胖。make使，是一个使役动词，make them fatter使他们变得更胖。因为这句话的主语That是单数形式，故填makes。
6. how 【解析】句意：你想要健康但是不知道如何做吗？how怎样，如何，根据句意可知，很多人都想身体健康，但是又不知道该怎么做。因此应填how。

8. time 【解析】句意：事实上你可以在任何时间、任何地方进行锻炼。time 时间，是一个名词。at any time在任何时间。根据文意可知，作者认为我们可以在任何时间、任何地点进行锻炼。故填time。
9. cleaning 【解析】句意：走路上学、打扫房间或者每天爬楼梯都是有帮助的。clean打扫，是一个动词，clean the house打扫房间。因为这句话中Walking to school和下面的climbing stairs都是用了-ing形式，故这里应该填cleaning。