专题2.1 人教版八年级英语上册 How often do you exercie SectionA知识点+练习题学案

这是一份专题2.1 人教版八年级英语上册 How often do you exercie SectionA知识点+练习题学案，共18页。学案主要包含了知识拓展，易混辨析，文章大意等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Unit 2 How often do you exercise?

Words
1. _______________ n. 家务劳动；家务事
2. _______________ adv. 几乎不；几乎没有
3. _______________ adv. 在任何时候；从来；曾经
4. _______________ adv. 一次；曾经
5. _______________ adv. 两次；两倍
6. _______________ n.（国际）互联网；因特网
7. _______________ n. 节目
8. _______________ adj. 忙的；满的；充满的
9. _______________ n. 摆动；秋千 v.（使）摆动；摇摆
10. _______________ adv. 大概；或许；可能
11. _______________ adv. 最小；最少 adj. & pron. 最小的；最少的
12. _______________ n. 咖啡
13. _______________ n. 健康；人的身体（或精神）状态
14. _______________ n. 结果；后果
15. _______________ n. 百分之……
16. _______________ adj. 在线（的）；联网（的）
17. _______________ n. 电视节目；电视机
18. _______________ conj. 虽然；尽管；即使
19. _______________ prep. 以；凭借；穿过
20. _______________ n. 头脑；心智
21. _______________ n. 身体
22. _______________ adj. & pron. 这样的；那样的；类似的
23. _______________ adv. 在一起；共同
24. _______________ v. 消失；灭亡；死亡
25. _______________ n. 作家；作者
26. _______________ n. 牙科医生
27. _______________ n. 杂志；期刊
28. _______________ adv. 然而；不过
29. _______________ prep.& conj.（用以引出比较的第二部分）比
30. _______________ adv. 几乎；差不多
31. _______________ pron. 没有一个；毫无
32. _______________ adv. 较少；较小 adj.& pron. 较少的；更少的
33. _______________ n. 得分；点 v. 指；指向
Phrases
1. ___________________________ 几乎从不
2. ___________________________ 摇摆舞
3. ___________________________ 至少；不少于；起码
4. ___________________________ 垃圾食品
5. ___________________________ 例如；像……这样
6. ___________________________ 多于
7. ___________________________ 少于
Sentences
1. How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次？
2. How often does he watch TV? 他多久看一次电视？
3. What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末通常做什么？
4. What does she do on weekends? 她周末做什么？
5. Does she go shopping? 她去购物吗？
Grammar
1. how often引导的特殊疑问句。
2. 频率副词的用法。
【答案】
words：
1. housework 2. hardly 3. ever 4. once 5. twice 6. Internet
7. program 8. full 9. swing 10. maybe 11. least 12. coffee
13. health 14. result 15. percent 16. online 17. television 18. although
19. through 20. mind 21. body 22. such 23. together 24. die
25. writer 26. dentist 27. magazine 28. however 29. than 30. almost
31. none 32. less 33. point

Phrases：
1. hardly ever 2. swing dance 3. at least 4. junk food
5. such as 6. more than 7. less than


1. help with housework 帮忙做家务
（1）help with sth意为＂帮忙做某事＂。
☞ My little brother often helps with housework at home. 我弟弟经常在家帮忙做家务。
【知识拓展】
①help sb with sth = help sb to do sth意为＂帮助某人做某事＂。
☞ I often help him with his English. = I often help him (to) learn English. 我经常帮他学习英语。
②help oneself (to sth) 意为＂随便吃/喝（某物）；款待＂。
☞ Help yourself to some fruit. 随便吃些水果。
③can’t/couldn’t help doing sth意为＂情不自禁做某事＂。
☞ She couldn’t help crying. 她忍不住哭了。
（2）housework为不可数名词，意为＂家务劳动；家务活＂，常用短语为：do housework，意为＂做家务＂。
☞ The boy doesn’t like doing housework. 这个男孩不喜欢做家务。

Let me ____________ you ____________ your English.
A. help；with B. to help；for C. helping；with
【答案】A

2. sometimes 有时
sometimes频度副词，意为＂有时＂。同义短语为at times。
☞ I sometimes play computer games. 我有时候玩电脑游戏
【易混辨析】
sometimes
频度副词
有时
表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，它可位于句首、句中或句末，对它提问用how often。
some times
名词短语
几次；几倍
其中time是可数名词，对它提问用how many times。
sometime
副词
某个时候
表示某个不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它提问用when。
some time
名词短语
一段时间
表示＂一段时间＂，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词。对它提问用how long。
☞ Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。
☞ I have read the story some times. 这个故事我读了好几遍。
☞ I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. 下周的某个时间我要去上海。
☞ I’ll stay here for some time. 我将在这儿待一段时间。

sometimes，some times，sometime与some time
＂有时＂相聚加-s（sometimes），＂几次＂分开带-s（some times）。
相聚为＂某时（sometime）＂，分开＂一段时间（some time）＂。

Millie often goes to school by bus but ____________ her mother drives her to school.
A. sometimes B. some times
C. sometime D. some time
【答案】A
3. every day 每天
☞ I like you more and more every day. 我一天比一天更加喜欢你了。
☞ He exercises every day. 他每天锻炼。
【易混辨析】 every day与everyday

用法
例句
every day
副词短语，作状语，意为＂每天＂，相当于each day。
He reads newspapers every day. 他每天都看报。
everyday
形容词，作定语，意为＂日常的＂，相当于daily。
The Internet has become part of our everyday life. 互联网已成为我们日常生活的一部分。

She watches the news _____________ so that she can learn about people’s _____________ life in other parts of the world.
A. everyday；every day B. every day；everyday C. every day；every day
【答案】B
【解析】句意：她每天看新闻，所以她了解世界其他地方人们的日常生活。everyday日常的，每天的，形容词，可修饰名词；every day每天，副词短语，在句子中通常作状语。根据题意可知她每天看新闻，every day做时间状语。she can learn about people’s everyday life in other parts of the world. everyday作定语修饰life。故选B。学科*网
4. once a week 每周一次
（1）once用作副词，表示次数，意为＂一次＂。次数的表达如下：
次数的表达
once
一次
twice
两次
three times
三次
many times
很多次

表达次数很容易，once，twice单独记，
三次以上有规律，基数词后加times就可以。
（2）once也可意为＂曾经＂。
☞ He once lived in America. 他曾在美国生活过。
【知识拓展】
once的固定搭配：
at once 立即，马上 once again 再一次
once in a while 偶尔地

They watch TV ____________.
A. one a week B. once a week
C. one the week D. once week
【答案】B
5. How often do you watch TV? 你多久看 一次电视？
本句是含有特殊疑问词组how often 的特殊疑问句。 how often 多久一次，用于对动作发生的频率进行提问。回答应该是频度副词或表示频率的词组，如always，usually，often，sometimes，never，hardly，ever every day，once a week，three times a day等。
☞ —How often do you go to the movies? 你多久去看一次电影？
—Once a week. 一周一次。
【易混辨析】
特殊疑问句中与how相关的疑问词组用法
词组
词义
用法
答语特征
how long
多久
询问时间多长
for/about＋一段时间
how often
多久一次
询问动作的频率
often， twice a week等
how soon
过多久以后
询问时间多久（用于一般将来时）
in＋一段时间
how far
多远
询问距离多远
ten minutes’ walk
how many
多少
询问可数名词数量
数词＋可数名词复数
how much
多少
询问不可数名词数量
数词＋表示量的词＋of＋不可数名词
多少钱
询问价格
数词＋货币单位

用how long， how often， how soon，how far完成下列句子
1. —____________ have you been in China?
—For three years.
2. —_____________will he back?
—In five minutes.
3. —______________ do you visit you grandparents?
—Once a week.
4. —________________ should I throw it?
—Five metres.
【答案】1. How long 2. How soon 3. How often 4. How far
6. ... next week is quite full for me... ……我下周相当忙……
full形容词，此处意为＂忙的＂，其同义词是busy，反义词是free。
☞ Her life is so full that she doesn’t have time for hobbies. 她的生活太忙了，以至于她没有时间培养业余爱好。
【知识拓展】
（1）full用作形容词，还可意为＂满的；充满的＂，其反义词是empty（空的）。常用短语：be full of 意为＂充满……；装满……＂。
☞ The classroom is full of students. 教室里满是学生。
☞ He could only nod because his mouth was full. 他只能点点头，因为他嘴里塞满了东西。
（2）full 用作形容词，还可意为＂饱的＂，其反义词是hungry（饥饿的）。
☞ I can’t eat any more. I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。

Your garden is ____________ beautiful flowers.
A. full of B. full with
C. filled of D. fill with
【答案】A

7. maybe adv. 大概；或许；可能
maybe为副词，意为＂大概；或许；可能＂。表示推测，一般位于句首。
☞ Maybe these nutrients are helpful to your health. 或许这些营养品对你的健康有帮助。
☞ Maybe he knows the way to the zoo. 也许他知道去动物园的路。
【易混辨析】 maybe与may be

用法
例句
maybe
副词，意思是＂也许，可能＂，在句中作状语，相当于perhaps，常位于句首。
Maybe/Perhaps the weather will get better. 可能天气会变得好一些。
Maybe you are right and she may be a little late. 或许你说得对，她可能有点晚了。
may be
may 是情态动词，be是动词原形，两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构，意为＂也许是；可能是＂。
Maybe he’s wrong.
=He may be wrong. 或许他错了。
He may be in the office.
=Maybe he is in the office.
他或许在办公室。

巧记maybe与may be
合并作状语，分开作谓语。
舍maybe仍有意，丢may be可不成。

—Look at the animal behind the tree. It _______ cat.
—________ you are right.
A. maybe；May be B. maybe；Maybe
C. may be；Maybe D. may be；May be
【答案】C
8. stay up 熬夜
stay up是固定短语，意为＂熬夜；不睡觉＂，与sit up同义。stay up late指＂熬夜到很晚，迟睡＂。
☞ He stayed up too late last night. 他昨天晚上熬夜到很晚。
☞ I used to stay up late with my mom and watch movies. 我过去常和妈妈熬夜看电影。

—What’s wrong with you, Eric? You look tired.
—I ____________ to prepare（准备）for the final exam last night.
A. picked up　　　　　 B. woke up
C. put up D. stayed up
【答案】D
【解析】pick up捡起；wake up醒来；put up挂起；stay up熬夜。根据＂你看起来很疲倦。＂可知本句应表示＂我昨天晚上熬夜准备期末考试了。＂学科*网
9. He plays at least twice a week.
least副词＂最小；最少＂，形容词＂最小的；最少的＂，least是little的最高级。短语at least表示＂至少＂，其反义短语为：at most 至多。
☞ He has the least money of the three. 这三个人中，他的钱最少。
☞ I study at least for 6 hours every day. 我每天至少学习6个小时。
☞ At least he should say thanks. 他至少应该说声谢谢。
【知识拓展】
（1）least还可作副词，与形容词或副词的原级构成最高级，表示＂最不……＂。
☞ Bruce is the least outgoing of the three boys. 布鲁斯是三个男孩中最内向的。
（2）least的反义词为most，其常见的词组为：at most意为＂至多＂。
☞ The book is at most five yuan. 这本书至多五元。

There are ____________ three thousand people in the park.
A. at once　　　　 B. at all
C. at least D. at a least
【答案】C
10. Well, how about Tuesday? 那么，周二怎么样？
How about...? = What about...? 意为＂……怎么样？＂，用来向对方征求意见或询问情况。
☞ I like vegetables. How/What about you? 我喜欢蔬菜，你呢？
注意：How about...?/What about...? 句式中，about后跟名词、代词或动名词形式。
☞ It’s sunny today. How/What about playing tennis? 今天阳光明媚。去打网球怎么样？

—It’s a fine day today. How about ____________?
—Sounds great!
A. go hiking B. go to hike
C. going hiking D. to go to hike
【答案】C

K基础

I. 单词拼写
1. Tom only uses the ________________(因特网) on weekends.
2. You can find a ________________ (秋千) in the park.
3. Sue often helps her mother with ________________ (家务活动).
4. The cup is ________________ (满的) of tea.
5. I know my mother’s favorite ________________ (节目) is Animal World.
6. I’m not sure. M________________ she is an English teacher.
7. Sam plays soccer at l________________ twice a week.
8. Sally often goes to the movies with her parents on w________________.
9. My grandma is pretty h________________ because of her good eating habits.
10. I’m b________________ now, so I can’t go to the movies with you.
II. 选择单词或短语并用其适当形式填空
ever two hardly one exercise
1. —How many times did you go to Hong Kong?
—Only ________________.
2. Hamburgers are not healthy food so I ________________ eat them.
3. It is raining harder than ________________.
4. —Does your father often ________________?
—Yes. He often runs and plays volleyball.
5. Last year Mary went to Beijing ________________ —the first time in May and the second time in October.
III. 句型转换
1. I usually play baseball on weekends.(对画线部分提问)
________________ do you usually ________________ on weekends?
2. Mike watches TV twice a week.（对画线部分提问）
________________ ________________ ________________ Mike watch TV?
3. Tom does his homework after school.（改为否定句）
Tom ________________ ________________ his homework after school.
4. We like watching Animal World.（对画线部分提问）
________________ program do you ________________ ________________?
5. Many students play sports every day.（对画线部分提问）
________________ ________________ do many studen ts play sports?
IV. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. 你明天有空吗？
________________ ________________ ________________ tomorrow?
2. 他最喜欢的电视节目是什么？
What’s ________________ ________________ TV ________________?
3. 你喜欢哪种水果？
________________ ________________ ________________ fruit do you like?
4. 今天下午去游泳怎么样？
How ________________ ________________ ________________ this afternoon?
5. 现在萨利正忙于学摇摆舞。
Sally is busy learning ________________ ________________ these days.
V. 单项选择
1. Some students can do very well in English exams, but can ________________ understand what a native speaker says.
A.exactly B.always
C.easily D.hardly
2. I want to ________________ tonight and watch the late show.
A.pick up B.turn up
C.stay up D.take up
3. He wants me ________________ him ________________ his English.
A.to help；with B.help；to study
C.helping；with D.to help；studying
4. Tom helps his mother do ________________ every Sunday.
A.housework B.homework
C.houseworks D.homeworks
5. —I can’t find my CDs.
—________________ you put them in that bag.
A. Must B. May be
C. Maybe D. Can
6. I sometimes help my mom with the housework ________________ Saturdays.
A.at B. in
C. on D. to
7. Tina goes to the movies at least ________________ a month. She loves movies very much.
A. twice B. second
C. two D. secondly
8. Do you often help your sister ________________ her homework?
A. for B. with
C. at D. of
9. Tom studies ________________. He ________________ plays with his friends.
A. hard；hard B. hardly；hardly
C. hard；hardly D. hardly；hard
10. —How about ________________ after dinner?
—Good idea.
A. danced B. dances
C. to dance D. dancing
K能力

I. 完形填空
Mary is my good friend. She had 1 habits in the past. For example, she hardly ever 2 up before 7 o’clock in the morning. After supper, she always played computer games before doing her homework. She didn’t like drinking milk and she ate a lot of 3 every day.
Then one day, she got seriously ill. She had to be in hospital 4 . It made her feel that she must look after her 5 well.
Now Mary 6 every morning. Usually she runs before breakfast. She only plays computer games 7 . She has good 8 habits, too. She drinks milk every morning and afternoon. 9 she likes junk food very much, she only eats it once a week. Because it’s 10 for her.
1. A. usual　 B. healthy　 C. bad　　 D. good
2. A. looked B. stood C. got D. ended
3. A. fruit B. junk food C. vegetables D. healthy food
4. A. once a week B. two weeks ago C. in two weeks D. for three weeks
5. A. health B. study C. housework D. homework
6. A. exercises B. gets up C. sleeps D. eats breakfast
7. A.in the morning B. on weekends C. at home D. in the evening
8. A. sleeping B. reading C. eating D. playing
9. A. And B. For C. Because D. Although
10. A. clean B. heavy C. bad D. quiet
II. 短文填空
从方框中选择合适的单词填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
exercise twice together get up enough fun important for like until
Everyone knows that exercise is 1. . We need to exercise. Doctors say it is good 2. us. It keeps our bodies strong.
When the daytime comes, we must 3. . This is the time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. There are many ways to 4. . You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you excise in the following ways: you have to 5. what you’re doing. Exercise 6. —but
not too much. It is good to exercise 7. a week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things 8. you find one, two or three sports that feel right for you.
Exercise can be 9. . Friends can exercise 10. at fitness center, or they can play sports together. How do you exercise?
K真题

1. （2016﹒山东滨州卷）—Can you catch what I said？
—Sorry, I can ____________ understand it because you speak very quickly.
A. almost B. probably
C. mostly D. hardly
2.（2016﹒湖南邵阳卷）—____________ do you visit your grandfather?
—Once a week.
A. How many B. How soon C. How often
3.（2016﹒天津卷）You can buy almost everything ____________ the Internet, and it’s very easy.
A. into B. for
C. at D. on
4.（2015﹒湖北黄冈卷）—How often do you have a school trip this term?
—____________ Since several accidents happened to some schools, all the school outdoor activities have been asked to stop.
A. Always B. Hardly ever
C. Sometimes D. Often

K基础
I. 单词拼写
1. Internet 2. swing 3. housework 4. full 5. program
6. Maybe 7. least 8. weekends 9. healthy 10. busy
II. 选择单词或短语并用其适当形式填空
1. once 2. hardly 3. ever 4. exercise 5. twice
III. 句型转换
1. What；do 2. How often does 3. doesn’t do
4. What；like watching 5. How often
IV. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. Are you free 2. his favorite；program 3. What kind of
4. about going swimming 5. swing dance
V. 单项选择
1. D　【解析】本题用寻找题眼法。由句中连词but但是，可知前后意思表转折，根据前面说＂能考好＂，可知后面要用表否定意义的词。故选D。学科*网
2. C　【解析】本题用短语辨析法。pick up捡起；turn up出现；stay up熬夜；take up占(时间、空间)。句意：我想今晚熬夜观看这个晚间节目。故选C。
3. A　【解析】本题考查want和help的用法。want sb. to do sth想要某人做某事及help sb.(to)do/with sth.帮助某人做某事为固定用法。

5. C　【解析】must为情态动词，意为＂必须＂；can为情态动词，意为＂可以＂；maybe为副词，意为＂也许＂，常放在句首表推测；may be意为＂可能是＂。根据下句句意＂也许你把它们放在那个包里了。＂可知选C。
6. C　【解析】在与表示时间的词连用时，at与具体的时间点、时刻连用；on与具体的某一天连用；in则与时间段连用。题干中表示的是具体的某一天，所以选C。
7. A　【解析】句意：蒂娜至少一月看两次电影。她非常喜欢电影。由句意可知选A。
8. B　【解析】本题用固定搭配法解题。help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事。故选B。
9. C　【解析】本题考查词义辨析。hard在此为副词＂努力地＂；hardly为副词＂几乎不＂。故选C。
10. D　【解析】本题用固定句式法解题。How about doing sth.?做某事怎么样？故选D。
K能力
I. 完形填空
1.C　【解析】由下面给出的例子可知，过去有些＂坏习惯＂。故选C。
2. C　【解析】get up为固定搭配，意为＂起床＂。
3. B　【解析】在所给的四个选项中，只有junk food对人的健康不利，故选B。
4. D　【解析】once a week＂一周一次＂；two weeks ago＂两周前＂；in two weeks＂两周后＂；for three weeks＂三周的时间＂。句意：她不得不住院三个星期。只有D项与句意相符。
5. A　【解析】句意：这使她觉得她必须照顾好自己的健康。生病住院与＂健康＂有关，故选A。
6. A　【解析】由后面的＂她通常在早饭前跑步＂可知选A。学科*网
7. B　【解析】由提示词only＂仅仅，只是＂可知此处应是＂在周末＂。
8. C　【解析】由后面的＂她每天上午、下午喝牛奶＂可知选C。
9. D　【解析】句意＂虽然她非常喜欢垃圾食品，但她一周只吃一次。＂此处用although引导让步状语从句。
10. C 【解析】此处it指代垃圾食品，故此处为bad，be bad for意为＂对……有害＂。
II. 短文填空
【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是锻炼身体是很重要的，它可以使我们的身体强壮，孩子经常锻炼身体可以使他们功课好。有很多种锻炼的方式可供选择，也可以选择不同的场所进行锻炼，但是要注意锻炼的时间不要太长，也不要过度。
up。
4. exercise 【解析】由后句句意知，锻炼有许多方法：步行、跑步、游泳、滑冰等，故答案应填exercise。
5. like 【解析】由此句句意可知，锻炼时，务必要喜欢自己所做的事情。to后跟动词原形，故答案应填like。
6. enough 【解析】由此句句意知，锻炼要足够，但不能过度。故答案为enough。学科*网
7. twice 【解析】由前后句意知，锻炼以每周两次、每次半小时为宜。twice a week一周两次，故答案为twice.
8. until 【解析】句意：尝试做各种事情，直到找到适合你的1-3种运动。故答案为until。
9. fun 【解析】由句意可知：锻炼可能会很有趣，故答案应填fun。
10. together 【解析】由后句句意可以推知，朋友们可以一起去健身房锻炼，也可以在一起做运动。
K真题
1. D 【解析】句意：——你能领会我说的话吗？——对不起，我几乎听不懂因为你说得太快了。almost几乎；probably可能；mostly主要地；hardly几乎不；根据sorry及because you speak very quickly可知对方几乎没听懂，故选D。
2. C 【解析】句意：——你多久看望你祖父一次？——每周一次。A. How many多少，问可数名词的数量；B. How soon多快，询问动作将多快会发生；C. How often多久一次，问动作发生的频率。答语：Once a week每周一次，是描述的动作发生的频率，用how often提问。故选C。
3. D 【解析】句意：在网上你几乎可以买到所有的东西。而且非常简单。A. into进入；B. for为……；C. at在某时间点或地点；D. on在……上。在网上，通过网络：on the Internet。故选D。