2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习重大版讲义：必修4Unit1PlacesofInterest

Unit 1　Places of Interest



一、单词——

写 得 准
用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.flood n．　　洪水；水灾
2.therefore adv. 因此；所以
3.desire n. 欲望；要求，心愿
4.link vt. 连接；联系
5.amazing adj. 令人惊奇的
6.extend vi./vt. 延伸；延长
7.existence n. 存在；出现
8.literature n. 文献；文学；文学作品
9.defend vt.保护；防御；辩护→defence n．防御；保护；辩护
10.beautifully adv.漂亮地；美好地→beautiful adj.漂亮的；美好的→beauty n．美人；完美；美丽；美
11.bathe vi.沐浴；洗澡→bath n．洗澡；浴缸；沐浴用品
12.satisfaction n．满意；满足；令人满意的事物→satisfy vt.使……满足→satisfied adj.感到满意的→satisfying adj.令人满意的；令人满足的→satisfactory adj.令人满意的
13.attraction n．向往的地方；吸引；吸引人的事物→attract vi./vt.吸引；引起→attractive adj.迷人的；有魅力的；引人注目的
14.impress vt.给……极深印象→impression n．印象；感想；印痕→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的；感人的
15.unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地→fortunately adv.幸运地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．幸运，财富
16.appealing adj.吸引人的→appeal vi./vt.有吸引力；呼吁，恳请n.上诉；呼吁；恳求
1.In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.(defend)
2.It’s unfortunate to be stuck in the rain.Even unfortunately,_we couldn’t find anyone to help us.At last we tried our fortune to find a shortcut.Fortunately we arrived home before dark.So we were also fortunate.(fortunate)
3.Guilin is such an impressive city that it often makes a strong impression on visitors and its sights never fail to impress foreign tourists.(impress)
4.Blackpool is the top tourist attraction in England.A number of visitors from all over the world are attracted by the attractive scenery there.(attract)
5.In other words, whether you’re seeking life­long satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer, you’ve got to move forward.Finally, a satisfying result will come to you and make you satisfied.(satisfy)
6.Swimming is an appealing form of entertainment, which appeals to both men and women.(appeal)
7.Jane dreams of bathing in a hot spring enjoying a relaxing bath.(bathe)
⇩

1.探访“命运”成员
①fortune n．机会；运气
②luck n. 好运
③fate n. 命运
④destiny n. 命运；天命
2．“漂亮的”形容词荟萃
①beautiful 漂亮的
②pretty 漂亮的
③cute 漂亮的；迷人的
④handsome 英俊的
⑤good­looking 好看的
3.“天灾”名词全接触
①flood　　洪水
②drought 干旱
③tsunami 海啸
④tornado 龙卷风
⑤earthquake 地震
⑥mudslide 泥石流
⑦frost 霜冻
⑧typhoon 台风
⑨hurricane 飓风
4.“因此”表达集锦
①therefore　因此；所以
②hence 因此；所以
③consequently 因此；结果
④accordingly 因此；于是
⑤as a result 因此；结果
⑥as a consequence 因此；结果
⑦in consequence 因此；结果
⑧thus 因此
⑨for this reason 因此


二、短语——

写 得 准
用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)
1.similar_to　与……相似；类似于……
2.be_equipped_with 装备；配备；安装
3.keep_one’s_balance 保持某人的平衡
4.point_out 指出
5.serve_as 作为……用；担任；起……作用
6.check_out 退房；付账后离开
7.look_down_at 俯瞰
8.wind_one’s_way 沿蜿蜒曲折的路线前行
9.at_the_foot_of 在……的底部
10.cut_across 抄近路穿过
11.defend_...from_... 防御；防卫……以免于
12.in_that 由于；因为
13.according_to 依照，根据
14.take_part_in 参加，参与
15.as_well_as 和，也；和……一样好
1.You will be well equipped_with knowledge and skills for your future job in our school.
2.The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books while the magazines serve_as reading materials.(2015·天津高考书面表达)
3.I’m in a slightly awkward position in_that he’s not arriving until the 10th.
4.Their house is similar_to ours, but ours has a bigger garden.
5.They were in a hurry, so they _cut_across the hills instead of going round by the road.
6.The hotel receptionist wants to know when we will check_out tomorrow morning.
⇩
1.“保护/ 阻止……免于”短语大全
①defend ...from ...
②protect ...from ...
③stop ...from ...
④keep ...from ...
2.“由于；因为”短语小结
①in that　　②due to
③owing to ④because of
⑤as a result of
⑥in consequence of
⑦as a consequence of
3.巧记“v.＋as”短语
①work as以……身份工作
②act as 作为……用
③function as 起……作用
④serve as 起……作用
三、句式——
背 原 句
明 句 式
学 仿 写
1.It was so small and narrow that we had to be careful to keep our balance.
它(刚朵拉)是如此小且狭窄以至于我们不得不小心翼翼地来保持平衡。
so＋adj./adv.＋that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
我们做得如此好以至于我们被邀请与我们学校的学生分享我们的想法和经验。(2016·北京高考书面表达)
We_did_so_well_that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.
2.Whenever I think of this trip, a smile will appear on my face.
每当我想起这次旅行，我的脸上就会露出笑容。
whenever“无论何时”引导让步状语从句。
不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。
Please don’t hesitate to turn to us for help_whenever_you_have_trouble_with_your_study.
3.At the beginning we had the impression that the rain was stopping and some very early daylight seemed to be reaching us.
刚开始时，我们的印象是，雨要停并且一些晨光似乎要到达我们。
that引导同位语从句，相当于一个名词，它是对前面抽象名词的内容的具体解释和说明，二者是同位关系。
采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。
The suggestion that_the_new_rule_be_adopted came from the chairman.



第一板块核心单词归纳集释
1．desire n．欲望；要求，心愿 vt.希望得到；想要
[高考佳句]　Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.(2018·6月浙江高考)
我知道似乎很少有人有许多的欲望或时间做饭。
(1)have a strong desire
(2)desire to do sth.　　　　　　　　 渴望做某事
desire sb.to do sth. 想要某人做某事
desire that ...(should) do sth. 渴望……做某事
①I desire to_contact (contact) him for some suggestions on improving my listening.
我渴望联系上他向他要一些提高我的听力的建议。
②She has a strong desire for knowledge and wants to go to college very much.
她对知识有强烈的渴望，很想上大学。
③We desire that immediate help (should)_be_given (give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.
我们渴望立刻给予当地那些被洪水围困的村民们救援。
[名师指津]　desire不用于进行时态。后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。此外，含desire的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。
2．link vt.连接；联系
[高考佳句]　Linking arms with one of the instructors, I helped carry the young man out of the water.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)
我和一个教练员双臂连接，帮着把那个年轻人从水里抬出来。
link up　　　　　　　 联合，连接；使结合；使连接
link up with 连接；联合
link ...with/to ... 将……和……联系或连接起来
be linked to/with 与……有关
①A new road would be needed to_link_up_with the main road.
需要修一条新路与干线相连。
②Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to/with carbon emissions.
大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
[联想发散]　表示“与……有联系/有关”的短语表达还有：be related to, have something to do with, be connected with, be combined with等。
3．appealing adj.吸引人的
[教材原句]　People from all over the world visit China to see the Great Wall because it is one of the most appealing attractions of China.
来自全世界的人们到中国去看长城，因为它是中国最有吸引力的景点之一。
(1)appeal vi./vt.　　　　　 有吸引力；呼吁，恳请
n. 上诉；呼吁；恳求
appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；向某人呼吁
appeal to sb.for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁或请求
appeal to sb.to do sth. 恳求/呼吁某人做某事
(2)make an appeal to sb.for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb.to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
①I’m sure it will appeal_to_you,_for you’ve been enthusiastic about sports.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
我相信它会吸引你的，因为你对运动很热心。
②I’m writing a letter, expecting your newspaper to appeal to the public to_pay (pay) more attention to environmental protection.
我正在写一封信，希望你们的报纸能够呼吁公众更加关注环境保护。
③The Students’ Union makes an appeal to us students to do housework in our spare time.
学生会呼吁我们学生在业余时间做些家务。
[一言串记]　Martin Luther King appealed to the blacks to appeal to the highest court against racial discrimination，which greatly appealed to the whole world.
马丁·路德·金呼吁黑人向最高法庭上诉反对种族歧视，这引起了全世界极大的关注。
[联想发散]　动词appeal的现在分词形式appealing，常用作形容词，意为“有吸引力的；恳求的”。其他常见的结构相同的单词有：
①inviting　　　　　　 诱人的
②promising 有前途的
③demanding 要求苛刻的
④outstanding 出色的
4．defend vt.保护；防御；辩护
[教材原句]　As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, each principality in China constructed its own “great wall” in various places to defend itself from enemies.
早在春秋战国时期，中国的每一个诸侯国在不同的地方都建造了它自己的“长城”以保护自己不受敌人的进攻。
(1)defend ...from/against ...　 保护……免受……，
为……辩护
defend oneself 自卫
(2)defence n. 防御；保护；辩护
in defence (of ...) 为……辩护；防卫
in sb.’s/sth.’s defence 为某人/某物辩护；在
某人/某物的防备下
①They need more troops to defend the border against/from possible attack.
他们需要更多的部队来保卫边境地区免受可能的攻击。
②All the people, men and women, old and young, were fighting against the flood in_defence_of their own homes.
所有的人，无论男女老少，都在与洪水作斗争，保卫自己的家园。
[联想发散]　与defend ...from/against用法类似的还有：prevent ...(from), stop ...(from), keep ...from, protect ...from/against, discourage ...from等，上述短语若用于被动语态，from都不可省略。

Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)
1．We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge.
2．When the door was opened suddenly, the boy covered his head with his hands, as if in defence (defend)．
3．This man may have killed others but unfortunately (unfortunate) we have no firm evidence.
4．With all these attractions (attract), no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.
5．There exists an old hospital at the corner, but no one knows when it came into existence.(exist)
6．What amazed me was his amazing performance which made all the people present look at him in amazement.(amaze)
7．Situated (situate) at the top floor of the building, we can have a good view of the city.
8．As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression (impress) on our customers.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．desire个个清
(1)单句语法填空
①John desires his parents to_buy (buy) him an iPhone X.
②He expressed a desire that the pollution to the river (should)_be_stopped (stop)．
③It’s obvious that people in that country have a strong desire for peace.
(2)一句多译
我们班的所有学生都渴望上名牌大学。
④All the students in our class have_a_strong_desire_to_go_to_a_famous_university.(desire n．)
⑤All the students in our class desire_to_go_to_a_famous_university.(desire to do sth.)
⑥All the students in our class desire that they (should)_go_to_a_famous_university.
2．link重点练
(1)介、副词填空
①The bands have linked up for a charity concert.
②They believe that this illness is linked to/with the use of chemical pesticides.
(2)一句多译
我的工作和以前的研究相联系。
③My_work_is_linked_to/with_previous_research.
④My_work_is_related_to_previous_research.
⑤My_work_has_something_to_do_with_previous_research.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
1．根据语境选出名词attraction的词义
(A)向往的地方　　 (B)吸引，吸引力
(C)爱慕 (D)有吸引力的特征(或品质、人)　
①I can’t see the attraction of sitting on the beach all day.__D__
②The attraction of the earth for other bodies is called the force of gravity.__B__
③Mountain Tai is such a well­known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.__A__
④She felt an immediate attraction to Jim at first sight.__C__
2．根据语境选出flood的词性和词义
(A)n.洪水　　　　　　　　 (B)v.淹没
(C)v.蜂拥而至(出) (D)v.充满
①As soon as the manager opened the door, applicants flooded into the office.__C__
②If the pipe bursts, it can flood the whole house.__B__
③The town was destroyed by the floods after the storm.__A__
④Their markets are flooded with foreign goods.__D__

第二板块短语句型归纳集释
1．wind one’s way 沿蜿蜒曲折的路线前行
[教材原句]　It winds its way westwards over the vast land of China from the bank of the Yalu River to the foot of snow­covered Qilian Mountain.
它蜿蜒前行，向西穿过中国广袤的土地，从鸭绿江畔到白雪皑皑的祁连山下。
find one’s way　　　　 发现(到某处的)途径
make one’s way 前往；成功
make way (for) (给……)让路；让位于(……)
feel one’s way (在黑暗中)摸索前进
lose one’s way 迷路
push one’s way 挤着前进
①Like ancient sailors, birds can find_their_way using the sun and the stars.(2015·重庆高考单选)
像古代的水手一样，鸟儿能够用太阳和星星来发现前行的路。
②We lost_our_way in that small village, otherwise we would have visited more places of interest yesterday.
在那个小村子里我们迷路了，否则我们昨天就会参观更多名胜了。
2．take part in参加，参与
[高考佳句]　You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)
在达特穆尔，你将能够参与一些活动，从独木舟到野外露营。
take part　　　　　　　　　　 参加
take an active part in 积极参加……
①When I watched the game he encouraged me to_take_part.
当我观看比赛时他鼓励我参加。
②It goes without saying that taking_an_active_part_in_social_activities can broaden our horizons.
不言而喻，积极参加社会活动能开阔我们的视野。
[辨析比较]　 take part in, join, join in, attend
试一试　选用上述词语填空
My brother ③attended a law school after he left middle school.Yesterday he ④attended/took_part_in a meeting held in his class.He ⑤joined_in the discussion whether they would ⑥join a theater club.At last, most students signed up for it, including my brother.
辨一辨　
take part in
指参加群众性活动、会议等，参加者持积极态度，在活动中起作用
join
指加入某个团体、组织等，并成为其中一员
join in
指参加某些小型的活动或比赛等，也可以用于join sb.in sth.
attend
主要指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼或上课、上学、做礼拜、听报告等，强调的是“参加”这一动作本身，不强调参加者的作用

3. It was so small and narrow that we had to be careful to keep our balance.
它(刚朵拉)是如此小且狭窄以至于我们不得不小心翼翼地来保持平衡。
so/such ...that引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于”。
(1)so ...that ...句型的常见形式：
so＋adj./adv.＋that ...
so＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.(单数可数名词)＋that ...
so＋many/few/much/little(少)．..＋n.(复数可数名词/不可数名词)＋that ...
(2)such ...that ...句型的基本结构：
such＋a(n)＋adj.＋n.(单数可数名词)＋that ...
such＋adj.＋n.(复数可数名词/不可数名词)＋that ...
①Keeping a learning diary every day is so_important_that I would like to introduce it to you.
每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，所以我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。
②There were so_many_books_in_the_bookstore_that I didn’t know which one to choose.
书店里有那么多的书以至于我不知道该选哪一本。
③Dalian is such_an_attractive_place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.
→Dalian is so_attractive_a_place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.
大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。
[名师指津]　当“so＋形容词/副词”及“such ...”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。

Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①As well as learning (learn) English, we learn Chinese.
②In a way, I’m glad you made that mistake, for it will serve as a warning to you.
③Whenever you need help, I hope you can get in touch with me.
④As far as I know, he is a good teacher equipped (equip) with much experience in teaching.
⑤Is there any chance that the patient rises to his feet again?
⑥A stream is winding its (it) way through the vally into the river.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
From my point of view, we should buy some popular science books ①as_well_as (和) literary books ②in_that (因为) they are beneficial to us.The books in the library should be classified ③according_to (根据) different subjects.Besides, every student has to ④take_part_in (参加) the running around the playground in the morning, with nobody excepted.It must be ⑤pointed_out (指出) that students are not permitted to ⑥cut_across (抄近路穿过) the playground.Thus, they not only learn well but also have a good body.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．take part in相关词汇细辨析
选词填空：take part in/join in/attend/join
①Our teacher used to bring us to attend a science lecture in the hall twice a term.
②I am writing to apply to join_in the activity you are organizing.(2015·重庆高考写作)
③Anyone can join the club, without respect to class, race, or sex.
④I’m writing to invite you to China to take_part_in an outing.(2017·6月浙江高考应用文写作)
2．so/such ...that ...大演练
(1)单句语法填空
①There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.
②It was so good an exhibition that I went to see it several times.
③So fast does he run that nobody in our class can catch up with him.
(2)一句多译
天气非常寒冷，以至于街上没有人。
④It was so_cold_a_day_that there was nobody on the street.(so)
⑤So_cold_a_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(so倒装句)
⑥It was such_a_cold_day_that there was nobody on the street.(such)
⑦Such_a_cold_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(such倒装句)







[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．What attracts me to go to Beijing is that there are a lot of attractions there.What’s more, the dishes are also attractive.(attract)
2．At that time, I loved basketball so much that I played it all day long.
3．The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result.
4．Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves against/from some attacks.
5．In the company, pay increases are_linked (link) to performance.
6．Her motivation for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
7．Whenever I am faced with challenges, I will think of him.(2016·北京高考写作)
8．What was so impressive (impress) about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare­footed.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．In a word, there are such many disadvantages of Internet voting that it is not worth trusting.(2016·江苏高考书面表达)such→so
2．There is some doubt if he will come.if→whether
3．The bag, as well as the books, were donated to the poor boy yesterday.were→was
4．The opening ceremony appealed the audience all over China.appealed后加to
5．Some experts desired that we left enough space for children.left→leave_
6．A final consideration is the environment in that we live and work.that→which
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
I’m Li Hua, a student from Class 2, Grade 3.I’m writing to apply to take_part_in (参加) voluntary service as a student volunteer.The job you advertised is very attractive to me.
①I really desire you to offer me a precious opportunity.By offering my service I will improve my organizational ability, communication skills as_well_as (和) my confidence in speaking English in public.
As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates.②Besides, my spoken English is so good that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.Therefore (However/Otherwise/Therefore), I often lend a helping hand to her in several English activities, which is_similar_to (与……相似) voluntary work.I also love traveling and I’ve been to many places of interest.
I am sure that if I serve_as (担任) a member of your team you’ll smile with pleasure at last.I will be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分
(1)attractive→appealing
(2)places of interest→attractions
(3)pleasure→satisfaction
2．按要求改写句式
(1)将句①改为宾语从句
I_really_desire_that_you_(should)_offer_me_a_precious_opportunity.
(2)用倒装句改写句②
Besides,_so_good_is_my_spoken_English_that_I_am_elected_as_assistant_to_my_English_teacher.