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北京师范大学附属实验中学2019届高三五月份保温模英语试题（一）
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北京师范大学附属实验中学2019届高三下学期五月份
考前保温模拟卷（一）
第一部分知识运用（共两节45分）
第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Which sea animal is ___1___ (good) at escaping? The answer may be the octopus(章鱼). An octopus’ body is very soft. There are no bones in it. The small animal has just two little hard parts in ___2___ (it) mouth. So it can go into very small spaces. An octopus weighing about 230g can pass ___3___ a 2.5cm-wide hole.
【答案】1. best
2. its 3. through
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最擅长逃跑的海洋动物---章鱼。
【1题详解】
考查副词最高级。句意：哪一种海洋动物最擅长于逃跑呢？根据句意可知此处应用最高级，be best at是be good at的最高级形式，意为：最擅长于……。故填best。
【2题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这种小动物只是在嘴里有两个很小的坚硬部分。根据后面的名词mouth可知前面应用形容词性物主代词，用its意为:章鱼的…。故填its。
【3题详解】
考查介词。句意：体重达到230克的一只章鱼可以穿过2.5厘米宽的洞。根据句意可知此处考查短语pass through“穿过”。故填through。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I lost my wallet after going shopping last Friday evening. But I didn’t realize it was missing until five hours later. I couldn’t remember ___4___ I lost it. I stayed up all night and worried about my wallet. The next day, I went back to the shops that I___5___ (visit) and asked about my wallet. A manager at one store came over and said, “Someone turned this in last night. We thought you might come back to look for it,___6___ we kept it for you.”
【答案】4. where
5. had visited
6. so
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的钱包失而复得的经历。
【4题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：但是直到五个小时之后我才意识到它丢了。我不记得把它丢哪里了。根据句意可知此处应填where来引导宾语从句。故填where。
【5题详解】
考查过去完成时。句意：第二天，我回到了之前去过的商店，询问我的钱包。我回到（went back）商店是一般过去时，之前去过应该用过去完成时，表“过去的过去”。故填had visited。
【6题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们想你很可能会回来找它，因此，我们一直为你保存着。根据句意可知，此处为因果关系，故用因果连词so连接两个并列句。故填so。
【点睛】语法填空题的考查形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇中留出10处空白，这十处空白分为两种：有提示词和不给提示词。有提示词的要求考生根据上下文填写所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语通常不会多于3个单词。不给提示词主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。具体考查形式有以下几种：
一、给出动词的基本形态：①词性、词形转化(转为名词、形容词)；②填写谓语动词（此时要考虑动词的时态和语态，可能需要填写两个或三个词）；③填写非谓语动词；
如第2题，句意：第二天，我回到了之前去过的商店，询问我的钱包。我回到（went back）商店是一般过去时，之前去过应该用过去完成时，表“过去的过去”。故填had visited。
二、给出形容词，①词性、词形转化，转化为副词；②考查形容词的比较级、最高级或是填写反义词(前缀)；
三、给出副词，考查副词的比较级、最高级或是反义词。
四、不给提示词主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。如第3题，句意：我们想你很可能会回来找它，因此，我们一直为你保存着。根据句意可知，此处为因果关系，故用因果连词so连接两个并列句。故填so。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When I was a child, I was a picky eater. There were many ___7___ (food) that I didn’t like to eat. But there is one meal I have always loved: grilled（烤的）cheese and tomato soup. It’s just two pieces of toasted bread with cheese in the middle,___8___ (serve) with a bowl of tomato soup. This kind of food ___9___ (call) “comfort food”. “Comfort food” is simple, easy-to-make and delicious. It always ___10___ (taste) great. Your parents might make meals like this for you when you are not feeling well.
【答案】7. foods
8. served 9. is called
10. tastes
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“comfort food”这一食品概念。
【7题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：我很挑剔。有很多食物我不喜欢吃。结合句意，根据前面的修饰词many可知此处应用复数。故填foods。
【8题详解】
考查过去分词作定语。句意：它就是两片烤面包，中间夹着奶酪，配以一碗西红柿汤。be served with意为：和……一起上。根据句意可知空后为过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句which is served with a bowl of tomato soup。故填served。
【9题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：这种食物被叫作“慰藉美食”。它简单，容易做而且美味。本句是解释现在存在的一种概念，结合句意可知应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is called。
【10题详解】
考查一般现在时。句意：它总是品尝起来很棒。此处描述“Comfort food”的特征，且taste为感官系动词，无被动，结合主语It可知应用一般现在时的第三人称单数，此处应用故填tastes。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Two birthdays, One mistake
Zackary Johnson has a birthday coming up in a few days, so it wasn’t surprising to have an envelope addressed to him last week.
His mom, Glenda, ___11___ immediately that it was spelled “Zachary” Johnson. She didn’t find that unusual because many people spell Zackary’s name ___12___. But the sender’s pre-printed label made her confused. That name didn’t ___13___ up to anyone of her friends or relatives. She asked her husband, “Do you ___14___ this name?” “Nope,” Steve responded and became somewhat ___15___.
Still, they agreed to ___16___ the envelope to their son to see what was in it. Zack opened it to ___17___ $20 in a birthday card that said “Happy Birthday, Zachary!” He was ___18___and was ready to go shopping!!
However, the ___19___ increased for Glenda. The card was unsigned. She was wondering why a ___20___ would send money to her son and ___21___ he would know it was Zack’s birthday. A variety of scenes can go ___22___ parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ___23___, but also to protect their son.
“I know who that fellow is! He is an old farmer that lives out on Hillberry Road.” Glenda’s dad said when he was informed of the ___24___.
So the couple quickly drove out into the country and found the house. ___25___, no one was home. Steve decided to leave a brief but ___26___ message that the call should be returned as soon as possible.
The next day the old farmer called. The farmer’s great grandson, Zachary Johnson, had recently moved with his parents to Heavenly Drive. That’s the street where Zackary Johnson ___27___. The farmer was sure surprised by the ___28___ of events. He figured he’d have to send another card to his grandson. But Zackary Johnson, who is turning eleven years old in a few days, did the right thing. He and his parents ___29___ their way down Heavenly Drive to the home of Zachary Johnson who is turning four years old in a few days. They ___30___ Zachary’s great grandfather’s card with the $20. Plus, Zackary Johnson wished Zachary Johnson a very Happy Birthday.
11. A. expected B. guessed C. added D. noticed
12. A. hesitantly B. incorrectly C. quickly D. naturally
13. A. match B. back C. call D. build
14. A. sign B. like C. bear D. recognize
15. A. embarrassed B. discouraged C. concerned D. ashamed
16. A. present B. return C. address D. drop
17. A. hold B. find C. reach D. pay
18. A. relieved B. relaxed C. amused D. excited
19. A. unease B. anger C. regret D. sadness
20. A. relative B. friend C. stranger D. farmer
21. A. who B. what C. when D. how
22. A. over B. beyond C. through D. against
23. A. faith B. peace C. satisfaction D. confidence
24. A. secret B. crime C. conclusion D. situation
25. A. Amazingly B. Unfortunately C. Interestingly D. Undoubtedly
26. A. urgent B. updated C. warning D. flexible
27. A. walks B. travels C. lives D. moves
28. A. turn B. order C. error D. trend
29. A. changed B. made C. pushed D. cleared
30. A. held B. showed C. delivered D. purchased
【答案】11. D 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Zackary正要过生日的那天收到了名字被拼写成“Zachary” Johnson的生日礼物。妈妈Glenda觉得事情有点蹊跷，于是展开调查，最终找到原因，并把礼物归还对方。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她妈妈Glenda立刻注意到她的名字被拼写成“Zachary” Johnson。A. expected期望；B. guessed猜想C. added 添加；D. noticed注意。根据have an envelope addressed to him 可知此处妈妈注意到信封上名字有误。 故选D。
【12题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她并没感觉有什不同寻常，因为很多人都会把Zackary拼写错误。A. hesitantly 犹豫地；B. incorrectly不正确地；C. quickly快速地；D. naturally自然地。根据上文His mom, Glenda, ___1___ immediately that it was spelled “Zachary” Johnson.可知人们会把她的名字拼写错误。故选B。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是上面印的发件人的标签让她很困惑，因为其与她们的亲戚和朋友都不相符。A. match相配；B. back支持；C. call打电话，叫；D. build建造。根据句意可知此处考查短语match up to相搭配，相符，因此选项A符合语境。故选A。
【14题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她问他的丈夫：你认识这个名字吗？“不,” Steve回答，并且变得有点担忧似的。A. sign示意； B. like 喜欢； C. bear 忍受； D. recognize认出。根据上下文，结合句意可知Steve也认不出是谁发的信。此处选项符合语境。故选D。
【15题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她问他的丈夫：你认识这个名字吗？“不,” Steve回答，并且变得有点担忧似的。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. discouraged沮丧的；C. concerned关注的，担忧的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文A variety of scenes can go ___12___ parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ___13___, but also to protect their son.，可知夫妻俩对于这件事情都感到有点担心。此处选项C符合语境。故选C。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们仍然同意把这个信封给他们的儿子看看里面是什么。A. present给与；B. return返回；C. address写地址；D. drop扔掉。根据下文Zack opened it to ___7___ $20 in a birthday card that said “Happy Birthday, Zachary!”，结合句意可知此他们把信封上给了儿子。因此处A选项符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Zack打开信封，发现一张写着“生日快乐，Zachary”的贺卡，里面还有20块钱。A. hold抓住；B. find发现；C. reach达到；D. pay付钱。结合句意可知Zack打开信封后发现了里面有什么东西。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Zack很激动，并准备好了去购物。A. relieved 宽慰的；B. relaxed放松的；C. amused娱乐的；D. excited激动的。结合常识可知收到生日礼物，Zack应该很激动，因此此处选项D符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Glenda却越来越感到不安。A. unease不安；B. anger 生气；C. regret 后悔；D. sadness伤心。根据下文A variety of scenes can go ___12___ parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ___13___, but also to protect their son.，可知夫妻俩对于这件事情都感到有点担心/不安，结合句意可知此处选项A符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡片没有署名。她一直在想，为什么一个陌生人会给他的儿子送礼物，并如何知道今天是Zack的生日。A. relative亲戚；B. friend 朋友；C. stranger 陌生人；D. farmer农民。根据上下文，可知Glenda和丈夫都不认识是谁送的，因此选项C stranger
（陌生人）符合语境。故选C。
【21题详解】
考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：卡片没有署名。她一直在想，为什么一个陌生人会给他的儿子送礼物，并如何知道今天是Zack的生日。A. who谁；B. what什么；C. when何时；D. how如何。结合句意可知此处选项D符合语境。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：各种各样的情景在他们的脑海中略过，尤其是当他们听说了一些网路犯罪的时候。A.（go） over复习； B. （go）beyond超越； C. （go）through 经过，穿过；D. （go）against违背。go through one’s mind掠过某人的脑海。结合句意可知此处选项C符合语境。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们知道他们不得不做些调查，不仅仅为他们带来和平，也为了保护他们的孩子。A. faith信任，忠诚；B. peace和平；C. satisfaction 满意；D. confidence信心。根据上文这件生日礼物给他们带来的不安，结合句意可知此处选项B符合语境。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意： Glenda的爸爸被告知这一情况的时候说：我知道那个家伙是谁，他是一位住在Hillberry Road，上了年纪的老农夫”。A. secret秘密； B. crime 犯罪；C. conclusion结论； D. situation情况，处境。根据上文They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ___13___, but also to protect their son.可知夫妻俩开始调查这件事，并把这个情况告诉别人以寻找信息，结合句意可知此处选项D符合语境。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他们开车去了乡下找到那座房子，不幸的是，屋里没人。A. Amazingly令人震惊地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Interestingly 有趣地；D. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地。他们没有找到要找的人这是不幸的事情。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Steve决定留下一则简洁但紧急的信息：请尽快回电话。A. urgent 急迫的； B. updated更新的； C. warning警告； D. flexible灵活的。根据本句中as soon as possible，并结合句意可知此处用urgent（急迫的，紧急的）符合语境。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老农夫的孙子Zachary Johnson,最近和父母搬到了Heavenly Drive。Zackary Johnson就住在 这条街道上。A. walks散步；B. travels旅行；C. lives住；D. moves移动。结合句意可知此处选项C. lives（住）符合语境。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位老农夫一定对事情的变化感到惊讶。A. turn变化，转变；B. order顺序，命令；C. error错误； D. trend趋势。结合句意可知此处事情的变化一定是让这个农夫惊讶，因此选项A符合语境。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Zackary Johnson和爸妈前往 Heavenly Drive ，来到Zachary Johnson 的家。A. changed改变； B. made前进； C. pushed推，迫使D. cleared清理。make one’s way to前往。结合句意可知此处选项B符合语境。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们把Zachary爷爷的卡片和20块钱送给了Zachary。A. held举办，拿着；B. showed展示；C. delivered 递送；D. purchased购买。根据上下文可知他们应该是把发错的信封里的生日礼物归还对方，结合句意可知此处选项C符合语境。故选C。
【点睛】完形填空属“综合能力应用”题型。主要考查考生灵活运用所学词汇的能力，尤其是以考查实词或信息词为主，着重考查考生对文章的内在逻辑和整体把握能力。解完形填空题，考生必须进行通篇考虑，掌握大意，综合所学词法、句法和常识进行分析判断。解答完形填空题可用以下的解题技巧。
1、逻辑语气解题法：这类题主要是通过分了解全文的人物、时间、地点等信息之后，再分析句子与句子之间的关系，段落与段落之间的关系来解题。这种逻辑语气主要包含并列、递进、因果、转折和委婉语气等等。这类题的选项多为连词、副词或具有连词意义的各类短语。第小题，
2、语境信息解题法：这类题主要是通过短文中上下语境所透露的信息进行解题，如第5题，句意：她问他的丈夫：你认识这个名字吗？“不,” Steve回答，并且变得有点担忧似的。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. discouraged沮丧的；C. concerned关注的，担忧的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文A variety of scenes can go ___12___ parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ___13___, but also to protect their son.，可知夫妻俩对于这件事情都感到有点担心。此处选项C符合语境。故选C。
3、固定搭配解题法：这类题与语法结构题有点类似，但主要惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。如第12题，句意：各种各样的情景在他们的脑海中略过，尤其是当他们听说了一些网路犯罪的时候。A.（go） over复习； B. （go）beyond超越； C. （go）through 经过，穿过；D. （go）against违背。go through one’s mind掠过某人的脑海。结合句意可知此处选项C符合语境。故选C。
第二部分阅读理解（共两节40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you've always wanted to start your own herb or vegetable garden but don't have the yard space or the "green thumb" to pull it off, there's now another option. The OGarden Smart is an indoor gardening system that grows up to 90 plants at one time—20 of which are safe to eat.
Strawberries, green beans, peppers, green onions, and cherry tomatoes are just a few of the fruits and vegetables the OGarden can grow. Up to 30 potted plants can be placed on a lower shelf, where the seeds are allowed to germinate (发芽). Once they germinate, the plants can then be moved to the turning wheel up above, which holds up to 60 plants at a time. It takes about 30 to 40 days to harvest the produce, depending on the type of plant grown.
The system is self-watering and uses automatic LED lights to provide the right amount of sunlight, no matter what season it is. The only work that's required is planting the seeds and refilling the water tank once a week.
The OGarden Smart is the second product introduced by company co-founders Pierre Nibart and Pierre-Etienne Bourget, of Quebec, Canada. The original OGarden appeared in 2017, and the Smart upgrade adds a few new features, including automatic watering, automatic LED lighting, and a water warning system. Some reviewers of the original OGarden commented that the system is easy to use, and that the vegetables taste better than store-bought produce.
The OGarden Smart will set you back $859 Canadian dollars (about $650 USD) if you order it on Kickstarter at a discounted rate, but the company's founders are quick to point out that it will help you save money in the long-run. The system lets you grow organic (有机的) produce at a small part of the price you'd pay at your local grocery store.
To see some of the buying options available, check out the project's Kickstarter page. Any orders that are placed will be delivered this May.
31. What is the OGarden Smart?
A. A self-watering system.
B. A water warning system.
C. An indoor gardening system.
D. An automatic lighting system.
32. What can you learn about the OGarden Smart from the passage?
A. It can be used all year round.
B It grows up to 60 plants at a time.
C. It is designed for people who have a yard.
D. It moves the plants from the shelf automatically.
33. The OGarden Smart can help you save money in the long-run mainly because of its _______.
A. automatic upgrade
B. free after-sales service
C. low energy consumption
D. harvest of organic produce
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个室内园艺系统OGarden Smart可以全年使用，且自动浇水的，并使用自动LED灯提供适量的阳光。有机产品的丰收还可以帮助你省钱。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句The OGarden Smart is an indoor gardening system that grows up to 90 plants at one time—20 of which are safe to eat.可知OGarden Smart是一个室内园艺系统，一次可以种植90株植物，其中20株可以安全食用。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第一句The system is self-watering and uses automatic LED lights to provide the right amount of sunlight, no matter what season it is.可知该系统是自动浇水的，并使用自动LED灯提供适量的阳光，无论什么季节。即OGarden Smart可以全年使用。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句The system lets you grow organic produce at a small part of the price you'd pay at your local grocery store.（该系统允许你种植有机农产品，价格仅为你在当地杂货店购买价格的一小部分。）可知从长远来看，OGarden Smart可以帮助你省钱，主要是因为它的有机产品的丰收。故选D。
【点睛】文章内容较为简单，文章考查到细节理解题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如第二小题，第三段第一句The system is self-watering and uses automatic LED lights to provide the right amount of sunlight, no matter what season it is.可知该系统是自动浇水的，并使用自动LED灯提供适量的阳光，无论什么季节。即OGarden Smart可以全年使用。故选A。
B
As the Camp Fire continued, killing at least 85 people and displacing thousands more in Northern California, Madison waited there.
Gaylord, the Anatolian shepherd mix’s owner, was not able to get to her home in Paradise, when the fire began to spread, meaning Madison was left behind. For weeks, all Gaylord could do was pray for Madison’s safety, according to California-based animal rescue organization Paw Print Rescue.
Sullivan, a volunteer with the organization, had already helped locate Madison’s brother Miguel in a different city. But Madison was even more difficult to find. Sullivan spotted Madison a few times in a canyon (峡谷), apparently guarding his land, and put out fresh food and water regularly in hopes that the dog would turn up, according to a Facebook post by Sullivan. She even placed an article of clothing that smelled like Gaylord near the home “to keep Madison’s hope alive until his people could return,” Sullivan wrote.
When the evacuation (疏散) order was lifted last week and Gaylord went back to her home—which had been ruined by the fire—her prayers were answered: Madison was there, seemingly protecting what little remained of his family’s home. “Well, I’m so happy to report that Gaylord was allowed to return to her home today and THERE MADISON WAS!!!! He had stayed to protect what was left of his home, and never gave up on his people!” Sullivan wrote in the comment on her Facebook post. “I’m so happy I’m crying as I write this! He didn’t give up through the storms or the fire!” she added.
Soon afterward, Madison was reunited with Miguel for the first time since the fire broke out. An emotional Gaylord said in an interview with the network that she was overcome with joy to see Madison waiting for her. She also expressed how grateful she was to Sullivan. Gaylord said fighting through tears, “You could never ask for better animals. He is the best dog.”
34. What did Madison do during the Camp Fire?
A. He rescued Sullivan.
B. He waited for Gaylord.
C. He stayed with Miguel.
D. He ran away from Paradise.
35. Why did Sullivan place an article of clothing smelling like Gaylord near the home?
A. To keep Madison warm.
B. To get Madison to turn up.
C. To help Madison remember his owner.
D. To encourage Madison not to give up.
36. Where was Madison finally found?
A. In a different city. B. In a canyon.
C. At a camp. D. At his home.
37. What quality is emphasized in this story?
A. Patience. B. Unity.
C. Devotion. D. Wisdom.
【答案】34. B 35. D 36. D 37. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。Gaylord的营地着火后，尽管火势很凶猛，她的狗Madison仍不顾危险坚守在那里等候主人。这让Gaylord很感动，认为世界上没有比Madison更好的狗。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段中“Well, I’m so happy to report that Gaylord was allowed to return to her home today and THERE MADISON WAS!!!! He had stayed to protect what was left of his home, and never gave up on his people!” Sullivan wrote in the comment on her Facebook post.可知，着火之后，狗Madison一直留在附近保护家里的东西，而且没有放弃他的人们。所以Madison在等它的主人Gaylord回家。故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的She even placed an article of clothing that smelled like Gaylord near the home “to keep Madison’s hope alive until his people could return”可知，Sullivan把闻起来像Gaylord的一件衣服放在家附近是为了在她的主人回来之前保持它的希望。也就是说鼓励Madison不要放弃。故选D。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Gaylord was allowed to return to her home today and THERE MADISON WAS!!!!”可知，终于Gaylord可以回家了，发现Madison还在那里。也就是还在它的家。故选D。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。从全文的描述中“Gaylord的营地着火之后，Madison不顾危险，一直守在那里等它主人回来”以及由第四段中的“He had stayed to protect what was left of his home, and never gave up on his people!(他呆在那里保护房子并从没对放弃他的人们)”可知，Madison是很忠诚的。A. Patience耐心；B. Unity团结；C. Devotion忠诚；D. Wisdom智慧。故选C。
【易错分析】2. Why did Sullivan place an article of clothing smelling like Gaylord near the home?
A. To keep Madison warm.
B. To get Madison to turn up.
C. To help Madison remember his owner.
D. To encourage Madison not to give up.
本题容易误选C项，认为Sullivan放了一件闻起来像Gaylord的衣服是为了让Madison记住它的主人，但根据后面的“to keep Madison’s hope alive until his people could return,”可知，是为了保持Madison的希望，也就是鼓励它不要放弃，故选D。
C
The Song Dynasty(960-1279) is often referred to as the Chinese Renaissance(文艺复兴). For about three and a quarter centuries, under its rule, China enjoyed a period of economic growth with great artistic and intellectual achievements.
One of the most important factors in the Song Renaissance was the printing press which made for a rebirth of classical Confucian learning. By the 10th century,printers were producing a large number of copies of the classical Confucian texts. With this increase in the production of books, education spread and became widely available.
Printing also had its greatest influence on the Chinese political system. In the Song Dynasty, govemment examinations became the most important way to political power in China. For almost 1,000 years, China was govemed by men who had done very well in examinations. Thousands of students studied for the exams, and thousands of inexpensive books were required. Without printing, such a system would not have been possible.
The Song period was also the golden age of Chinese painting. Emperor Huizong(1101-1125) was a talented painter who encouraged the arts. A royal painting academy was created and many fine artists were supported. The period is best known for nature subjects and landscape paintings. Guo Xi used perspective in his paintings and The Quict Valley is one of his best-known works. One of the greatest landscape painters of the period was Fan Kuan. His masterpiece, Travelling among Mountains and Gorges, is one of the most famous Chinese paintings. Completed around the year 1000, it was inspired by the power of nature and the relative insignificance of humans.
38. When was the Chinese Renaissance?
A. Immediately after the Renaissance in Europe. B. During the Song Dynasty.
C. At the time of Confucius. D. in the year 1,000.
39. What contributed to spreading the ideas of Confucius?
A. The spread of education to the middle classes.
B. People’s new interest in classical texts.
C. The development of painting.
D. The printing press and a wide availability of books.
40. How did people become politicians at the time?
A. Only members of the wealthy class could go into politics.
B. A small number of powerful families ran the country.
C. Only members good at painting were supported by the royalty.
D. There was a special exam system to select politicians.
41. From the passage we can know the painter of Travelling among Mountains and Gorges is ＿＿＿．
A. Guo Xi
B. Emperor Huizong
C. Fan Kuan
D Confucius
【答案】38. B 39. D 40. D 41. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。宋代(960 - 1279)通常被称为中国文艺复兴(文艺复兴)。大约三又四分之一个世纪以来，在中国的统治下，中国经历了一个经济增长时期，在艺术和智力上都取得了巨大的成就。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The Song Dynasty(960-1279) is often referred to as the Chinese Renaissance(文艺复兴).可知，宋朝被认为是中国的文艺复兴时期。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中By the 10th century,printers were producing a large number of copies of the classical Confucian texts. With this increase in the production of books, education spread and became widely available.可知，印刷术和书籍的广泛使用促进了孔子思想的传播，教育得到推广。故选D。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中In the Song Dynasty, govemment examinations became the most important way to political power in China. 可知，当时宋朝有一种特殊的考试制度来选拔政治家。故选D。
41题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中One of the greatest landscape painters of the period was Fan Kuan. His masterpiece, Travelling among Mountains and Gorges, is one of the most famous Chinese paintings.可知范宽的作品《溪山行旅图》是中国最著名的画作之一，从这篇文章中我们可以知道《溪山行旅图》的画家是范宽。故选C。
D
What a Messy Desk Says About You
For some time, psychologists have been studying how personality traits affect health and health-related choices. Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have immaculate offices.
What has been less clear is whether neat environments can produce good habits even in those who aren’t necessarily innately conscientious. To find out, researchers at the University of Minnesota conducted a series of experiments. In the first experiment, they randomly assigned a group of college-age students to spend time in two office spaces, one of which was very neat, the other wildly cluttered (乱堆) with papers and other work-related stuff. The students spent their time filling out questionnaires unrelated to the study. After 10 minutes, they were told they could leave with an apple or a chocolate bar. Those students who sat in the orderly office were twice as likely to choose the apple as those who sat among the mess.
A second experiment, however, found that working in chaos has its advantages, too. In this one, college students were placed in a messy or a neat office and asked to dream up new uses for Ping-Pong balls. Those in messy spaces generated ideas that were significantly more creative, according to two independent judges, than those in offices where stacks of papers and other objects were neatly arranged.
The results were something of a surprise, says Dr. Vohs, the leader of the study. Few previous studies found much virtue in disorder. The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline.
But in the study by Dr. Vohs, disordered offices encouraged originality and a search for novelty. In the final portion of the study, adults were given the choice of adding a health “boost” to their lunchtime smoothie that was labeled either “new” or “classic.” The volunteers in the messy space were far more likely to choose the new one; those in the tidy office generally chose the classic version. “Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.”
The implications of these findings are also practical. “My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.”
42. The underlined word “immaculate” in paragraph 1 probably means ______.
A. messy B. tidy
C. terrible D. comfortable
43. Which of the following can best explain the broken window theory?
A. Chaos begets chaos. B. Misfortune may be an actual blessing.
C. Bad news has wings. D. When a door shuts, a window opens.
44. Which of the following will Dr. Vohs probably agree with?
A. More virtue exists in organized people.
B. Creativity results from tidiness and discipline.
C. Disorderly surroundings help to create new ideas.
D. Workers’ good habits guarantee the success of a project.
45. What can we conclude from the study results?
A. The naturally neat people tend to be very creative.
B. A messy office will cause quite low working efficiency.
C. Environments can affect people’s way of thinking and behavior.
D. People’s personalities are determined by their working environments.
【答案】42. B 43. A 44. C 45. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究人类行为与环境相关的实验，实验结果表明无序混乱的环境可能更容易激发人们打破传统，产生新的见解。同时研究人员建议如果你需要在未来的项目中跳出框框思考，那就让杂乱的东西堆积起来，释放你的想象力。但如果你的主要目标是吃得好或去健身房，那就先在办公室里收拾一下。
【42题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have…不出所料，他们发现，天生有自觉性的人，也就是有条理、可预测的人，通常比那些不守规矩的人吃得更好，活得更久。可推知天生有自觉性有条理的人，他们也更有倾向于拥有整洁的办公室。故划线单词意思为“整洁的”。故选B。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline.（几十年前提出的“破窗理论”认为，即使是轻微的混乱和忽视也会助长冷漠和缺乏纪律。）可推知混乱产生混乱最能解释破窗理论。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.”（“无序的环境似乎激发了人们打破传统，”沃斯博士和她的合著者在研究中总结道，“这可以产生新的见解。”）可推知沃斯博士可能会同意杂乱的环境有助于创造新想法。故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.”（沃斯博士说:“我的建议是，如果你需要在未来的项目中跳出框框思考，那就让杂乱的东西堆积起来，释放你的想象力。”但如果你的主要目标是吃得好或去健身房，那就先在办公室里收拾一下。通过这样做，天生邋遢的人可以获得一些自觉的纪律。”）可推知我们能从研究结果中得出结论，环境可以影响人们的思维方式和行为方式。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Develop Note-Taking Skills
Speech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speaker’s main points, evidence, and techniques. Of course, the teacher knows what to listen for and has had plenty of practice. But the next time you get an opportunity, watch your teacher during a speech. Chances are she or he will be listening with pen and paper. ___46___
Unfortunately, many people don’t take notes effectively. Some try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility(敏捷) against the speaker’s rate of speech. ____47____ But soon the speaker is winning the race. The speaker pulls so far ahead that the note taker can never catch up. Finally, the note taker admits defeat and spends the rest of the speech grumbling in frustration.
___48___ They arrive armed with pen, notebook, and the best of intentions. They know they can’t write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention. Every once in a while the speaker rewards them with a joke, a dramatic story, or a startling fact. Then the note taker seizes pen, jots down a few words, and leans back dreamily to await the next fascinating tidbit(趣闻). By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbits—and little or no record of the speaker’s important ideas.
As these examples illustrate, they don’t know what to listen for, and they don’t know how to record what they do listen for. ____49____ But once you know what to listen for, you still need a sound method of note taking.
Although there are a number of systems, most students find the key-word outline best for listening to speeches. As its name suggests, this method briefly notes a speaker’s main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form. By separating main points from sub-points and evidence, the outline format shows the relationships among the speaker’s ideas. ____50____ But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.
A. Perfecting this taking requires practice.
B. Some people go to the opposite extreme.
C. As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.
D. Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.
E. Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.
F. When note taking is done properly, it is sure to keep track of a speaker’s ideas.
G. The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker’s main points and evidence.
【答案】46. F 47. C 48. B 49. G 50. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章关于培养记笔记的技能举出了两个错误例子，然后提出了最有效的记笔记方法：根据关键词列大纲。
【46题详解】
根据第一段第一句“Speech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speaker’s main points, evidence, and techniques.”（学生们常常惊讶于他们老师能如此轻易地找到演讲者的主旨、证据和技巧。），可知，记笔记时抓住演讲者的主旨很重要，F选项“When note taking is done properly, it is sure to keep track of a speaker’s ideas.”（ 如果笔记做得恰当，它肯定能记住演讲者的想法。）切题。故选F项。
【47题详解】
根据第二段中的“Some try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility(敏捷) against the speaker’s rate of speech.”（有些人试着把演讲者所说的每句话都记下来。他们把记笔记看成是一场赛跑，把他们的书写灵活性与演讲者的说话速度对应起来。），可知，为了把演讲者所说的每句话都记下来，演讲者开始讲话时，记录者就开始记录。 C选项“As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write. ”（ 当演讲者开始讲话时，记录者就开始写。）切题。故选C项。
【48题详解】
根据第二段中的“Some try to write down everything a speaker says.”（有些人试着把演讲者所说的每句话都记下来。）和第三段中的“They know they can’t write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention... By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbits—and little or no record of the speaker’s important ideas.”(他们知道不能把所有东西都写下来，所以他们舒服地坐在座位上，等着演讲人说点吸引他们注意力的话……在讲座结束时，只记录一些趣闻——很少或根本没有记录演讲者的主旨。)，可知作者在第二段和第三段分别描述了两种相反的极端现象。B选项“Some people go to the opposite extreme.”（ 有些人走向了相反的极端。）切题。故选B项。
【49题详解】
根据空格前文“As these examples illustrate, they don’t know what to listen for, and they don’t know how to record what they do listen for.”（ 这些例子说明，他们不知道听什么，也不知道如何录制他们所听的内容。），可知，作者列出了两个问题，G选项“The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker’s main points and evidence. ”（第一个问题的解决方法是集中在演讲者的主要观点和证据上。）起到和前文承接作用。故选G项。
【50题详解】
根据空格后一句“But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.”（但是稍加努力你就会成为一个更好的记笔记的人。），可推断和前一句是转折关系，选项A“Perfecting this note-taking requires practice. ”（完善记笔记需要练习。）切题。故选A项。
【点睛】七选五解题方法之一是：重点阅读空格上下句来判断，因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间有语义衔接并且逻辑通顺。例如第5小题，根据空格下一句“But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.”（但是稍加努力你就会成为一个更好的笔记者。），可推断和前一句是转折关系，选项A“Perfecting this note-taking requires practice. ”（完善记笔记需要练习。）切题。故选A项。
第三部分书面表达（共两节35分）
第一节（15分）
51.假设你是红星中学学生李华。你的美国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中询问你的高三生活情况。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 近况；
2. 感受；
3. 愿望。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Nice to hear from you! In your letter, you asked me about my life. As the College Entrance Examination is drawing near I’m trying my best to prepare for it. Exercises and exams have taken up most of my time. I’ve never been busier and can only find time to listen to music on the way home.
As you can tell, the process is tough and I’m tired, but along the way, I have managed to do what I thought impossible. Although there is still a lot for me to improve on, I do have confidence in myself.
I hope with so much effort, I will get admitted to my dream university. I’m also expecting the coming summer holiday, for I will surely have plenty of time to enjoy myself!
What’s your plan after high school? Hope to hear from you soon.
Your,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假设你是红星中学学生李华。你的美国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中询问你的高三生活情况。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1. 近况；2. 感受；3. 愿望。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：Nice to hear from you（收到你来信很高兴）；the College Entrance Examination is drawing near（高考即将来临）；trying my best to prepare for it（尽我最大的努力去准备它）；get admitted to my dream university（被我梦想的大学录取）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。As the College Entrance Examination is drawing near I’m trying my best to prepare for it.此处As引导时间状语从句；As you can tell, the process is tough and I’m tired, but along the way, I have managed to do what I thought impossible.句中as引导非限制性定语从句，what引导宾语从句；Although there is still a lot for me to improve on, I do have confidence in myself.句中Although引导让步状语从句，并运用强调谓语；I’m also expecting the coming summer holiday, for I will surely have plenty of time to enjoy myself!句中for是并列连词，表示原因。
第二节（20分）
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊“英语园地”写一篇英文稿件,讲述上周发生在你们班的一个真实故事。
注意：词数不少于60 。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I had always felt that the last year of senior high school was the bitterest time of my life, until last Friday.
At lunch break, my classmate and I went to the teacher’s office to ask questions, only to find our math teacher sleeping with her head on the arms, some medicine beside her, as well as some exercise books. Then we hurried back to our classroom. I placed a chair behind the teacher’s desk, and my friend put a glass of warm water on it.
Entering the classroom, our teacher smiled at what we had done, and soon began her lesson. We all felt worried when hearing her cough from time to time. We listened attentively and tried to memorize every point she mentioned. After school, some of us visited her in the office with some fruits and snacks. And our teacher was still busy working at her desk…
That day, I realized we were lucky to have these dedicated teachers and that the busy days were not bitter but bitter-sweet.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇看图写作，根据所给四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊“英语园地”写一篇英文稿件。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊“英语园地”写一篇英文稿件,讲述上周发生在你们班的一个真实故事。人称为第一人称。时态以一般过去时为主。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为四段。第一段，引入话题。第二段和第三段，讲述事情经过。第四段，感悟。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: the bitterest；attentively；memorize；dedicated；as well as ；
from time to time等。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接；注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了一些亮点短语：the bitterest；attentively；memorize；dedicated；as well as ；from time to time等。
以及一些较为高级的句式: At lunch break, my classmate and I went to the teacher’s office to ask questions, only to find our math teacher sleeping with her head on the arms, some medicine beside her, as well as some exercise books.使用了不定式做结果状语：only to do以及with的复合结构；Entering the classroom, our teacher smiled at what we had done, and soon began her lesson.使用了现在分词作状语。I realized we were lucky to have these dedicated teachers and that the busy days were not bitter but bitter-sweet.使用了宾语从句。
高级句式应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。
考前保温模拟卷（一）
第一部分知识运用（共两节45分）
第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Which sea animal is ___1___ (good) at escaping? The answer may be the octopus(章鱼). An octopus’ body is very soft. There are no bones in it. The small animal has just two little hard parts in ___2___ (it) mouth. So it can go into very small spaces. An octopus weighing about 230g can pass ___3___ a 2.5cm-wide hole.
【答案】1. best
2. its 3. through
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最擅长逃跑的海洋动物---章鱼。
【1题详解】
考查副词最高级。句意：哪一种海洋动物最擅长于逃跑呢？根据句意可知此处应用最高级，be best at是be good at的最高级形式，意为：最擅长于……。故填best。
【2题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这种小动物只是在嘴里有两个很小的坚硬部分。根据后面的名词mouth可知前面应用形容词性物主代词，用its意为:章鱼的…。故填its。
【3题详解】
考查介词。句意：体重达到230克的一只章鱼可以穿过2.5厘米宽的洞。根据句意可知此处考查短语pass through“穿过”。故填through。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I lost my wallet after going shopping last Friday evening. But I didn’t realize it was missing until five hours later. I couldn’t remember ___4___ I lost it. I stayed up all night and worried about my wallet. The next day, I went back to the shops that I___5___ (visit) and asked about my wallet. A manager at one store came over and said, “Someone turned this in last night. We thought you might come back to look for it,___6___ we kept it for you.”
【答案】4. where
5. had visited
6. so
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的钱包失而复得的经历。
【4题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：但是直到五个小时之后我才意识到它丢了。我不记得把它丢哪里了。根据句意可知此处应填where来引导宾语从句。故填where。
【5题详解】
考查过去完成时。句意：第二天，我回到了之前去过的商店，询问我的钱包。我回到（went back）商店是一般过去时，之前去过应该用过去完成时，表“过去的过去”。故填had visited。
【6题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们想你很可能会回来找它，因此，我们一直为你保存着。根据句意可知，此处为因果关系，故用因果连词so连接两个并列句。故填so。
【点睛】语法填空题的考查形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇中留出10处空白，这十处空白分为两种：有提示词和不给提示词。有提示词的要求考生根据上下文填写所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语通常不会多于3个单词。不给提示词主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。具体考查形式有以下几种：
一、给出动词的基本形态：①词性、词形转化(转为名词、形容词)；②填写谓语动词（此时要考虑动词的时态和语态，可能需要填写两个或三个词）；③填写非谓语动词；
如第2题，句意：第二天，我回到了之前去过的商店，询问我的钱包。我回到（went back）商店是一般过去时，之前去过应该用过去完成时，表“过去的过去”。故填had visited。
二、给出形容词，①词性、词形转化，转化为副词；②考查形容词的比较级、最高级或是填写反义词(前缀)；
三、给出副词，考查副词的比较级、最高级或是反义词。
四、不给提示词主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。如第3题，句意：我们想你很可能会回来找它，因此，我们一直为你保存着。根据句意可知，此处为因果关系，故用因果连词so连接两个并列句。故填so。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When I was a child, I was a picky eater. There were many ___7___ (food) that I didn’t like to eat. But there is one meal I have always loved: grilled（烤的）cheese and tomato soup. It’s just two pieces of toasted bread with cheese in the middle,___8___ (serve) with a bowl of tomato soup. This kind of food ___9___ (call) “comfort food”. “Comfort food” is simple, easy-to-make and delicious. It always ___10___ (taste) great. Your parents might make meals like this for you when you are not feeling well.
【答案】7. foods
8. served 9. is called
10. tastes
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“comfort food”这一食品概念。
【7题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：我很挑剔。有很多食物我不喜欢吃。结合句意，根据前面的修饰词many可知此处应用复数。故填foods。
【8题详解】
考查过去分词作定语。句意：它就是两片烤面包，中间夹着奶酪，配以一碗西红柿汤。be served with意为：和……一起上。根据句意可知空后为过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句which is served with a bowl of tomato soup。故填served。
【9题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：这种食物被叫作“慰藉美食”。它简单，容易做而且美味。本句是解释现在存在的一种概念，结合句意可知应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is called。
【10题详解】
考查一般现在时。句意：它总是品尝起来很棒。此处描述“Comfort food”的特征，且taste为感官系动词，无被动，结合主语It可知应用一般现在时的第三人称单数，此处应用故填tastes。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Two birthdays, One mistake
Zackary Johnson has a birthday coming up in a few days, so it wasn’t surprising to have an envelope addressed to him last week.
His mom, Glenda, ___11___ immediately that it was spelled “Zachary” Johnson. She didn’t find that unusual because many people spell Zackary’s name ___12___. But the sender’s pre-printed label made her confused. That name didn’t ___13___ up to anyone of her friends or relatives. She asked her husband, “Do you ___14___ this name?” “Nope,” Steve responded and became somewhat ___15___.
Still, they agreed to ___16___ the envelope to their son to see what was in it. Zack opened it to ___17___ $20 in a birthday card that said “Happy Birthday, Zachary!” He was ___18___and was ready to go shopping!!
However, the ___19___ increased for Glenda. The card was unsigned. She was wondering why a ___20___ would send money to her son and ___21___ he would know it was Zack’s birthday. A variety of scenes can go ___22___ parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ___23___, but also to protect their son.
“I know who that fellow is! He is an old farmer that lives out on Hillberry Road.” Glenda’s dad said when he was informed of the ___24___.
So the couple quickly drove out into the country and found the house. ___25___, no one was home. Steve decided to leave a brief but ___26___ message that the call should be returned as soon as possible.
The next day the old farmer called. The farmer’s great grandson, Zachary Johnson, had recently moved with his parents to Heavenly Drive. That’s the street where Zackary Johnson ___27___. The farmer was sure surprised by the ___28___ of events. He figured he’d have to send another card to his grandson. But Zackary Johnson, who is turning eleven years old in a few days, did the right thing. He and his parents ___29___ their way down Heavenly Drive to the home of Zachary Johnson who is turning four years old in a few days. They ___30___ Zachary’s great grandfather’s card with the $20. Plus, Zackary Johnson wished Zachary Johnson a very Happy Birthday.
11. A. expected B. guessed C. added D. noticed
12. A. hesitantly B. incorrectly C. quickly D. naturally
13. A. match B. back C. call D. build
14. A. sign B. like C. bear D. recognize
15. A. embarrassed B. discouraged C. concerned D. ashamed
16. A. present B. return C. address D. drop
17. A. hold B. find C. reach D. pay
18. A. relieved B. relaxed C. amused D. excited
19. A. unease B. anger C. regret D. sadness
20. A. relative B. friend C. stranger D. farmer
21. A. who B. what C. when D. how
22. A. over B. beyond C. through D. against
23. A. faith B. peace C. satisfaction D. confidence
24. A. secret B. crime C. conclusion D. situation
25. A. Amazingly B. Unfortunately C. Interestingly D. Undoubtedly
26. A. urgent B. updated C. warning D. flexible
27. A. walks B. travels C. lives D. moves
28. A. turn B. order C. error D. trend
29. A. changed B. made C. pushed D. cleared
30. A. held B. showed C. delivered D. purchased
【答案】11. D 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Zackary正要过生日的那天收到了名字被拼写成“Zachary” Johnson的生日礼物。妈妈Glenda觉得事情有点蹊跷，于是展开调查，最终找到原因，并把礼物归还对方。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她妈妈Glenda立刻注意到她的名字被拼写成“Zachary” Johnson。A. expected期望；B. guessed猜想C. added 添加；D. noticed注意。根据have an envelope addressed to him 可知此处妈妈注意到信封上名字有误。 故选D。
【12题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她并没感觉有什不同寻常，因为很多人都会把Zackary拼写错误。A. hesitantly 犹豫地；B. incorrectly不正确地；C. quickly快速地；D. naturally自然地。根据上文His mom, Glenda, ___1___ immediately that it was spelled “Zachary” Johnson.可知人们会把她的名字拼写错误。故选B。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是上面印的发件人的标签让她很困惑，因为其与她们的亲戚和朋友都不相符。A. match相配；B. back支持；C. call打电话，叫；D. build建造。根据句意可知此处考查短语match up to相搭配，相符，因此选项A符合语境。故选A。
【14题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她问他的丈夫：你认识这个名字吗？“不,” Steve回答，并且变得有点担忧似的。A. sign示意； B. like 喜欢； C. bear 忍受； D. recognize认出。根据上下文，结合句意可知Steve也认不出是谁发的信。此处选项符合语境。故选D。
【15题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她问他的丈夫：你认识这个名字吗？“不,” Steve回答，并且变得有点担忧似的。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. discouraged沮丧的；C. concerned关注的，担忧的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文A variety of scenes can go ___12___ parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ___13___, but also to protect their son.，可知夫妻俩对于这件事情都感到有点担心。此处选项C符合语境。故选C。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们仍然同意把这个信封给他们的儿子看看里面是什么。A. present给与；B. return返回；C. address写地址；D. drop扔掉。根据下文Zack opened it to ___7___ $20 in a birthday card that said “Happy Birthday, Zachary!”，结合句意可知此他们把信封上给了儿子。因此处A选项符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Zack打开信封，发现一张写着“生日快乐，Zachary”的贺卡，里面还有20块钱。A. hold抓住；B. find发现；C. reach达到；D. pay付钱。结合句意可知Zack打开信封后发现了里面有什么东西。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Zack很激动，并准备好了去购物。A. relieved 宽慰的；B. relaxed放松的；C. amused娱乐的；D. excited激动的。结合常识可知收到生日礼物，Zack应该很激动，因此此处选项D符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Glenda却越来越感到不安。A. unease不安；B. anger 生气；C. regret 后悔；D. sadness伤心。根据下文A variety of scenes can go ___12___ parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ___13___, but also to protect their son.，可知夫妻俩对于这件事情都感到有点担心/不安，结合句意可知此处选项A符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡片没有署名。她一直在想，为什么一个陌生人会给他的儿子送礼物，并如何知道今天是Zack的生日。A. relative亲戚；B. friend 朋友；C. stranger 陌生人；D. farmer农民。根据上下文，可知Glenda和丈夫都不认识是谁送的，因此选项C stranger
（陌生人）符合语境。故选C。
【21题详解】
考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：卡片没有署名。她一直在想，为什么一个陌生人会给他的儿子送礼物，并如何知道今天是Zack的生日。A. who谁；B. what什么；C. when何时；D. how如何。结合句意可知此处选项D符合语境。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：各种各样的情景在他们的脑海中略过，尤其是当他们听说了一些网路犯罪的时候。A.（go） over复习； B. （go）beyond超越； C. （go）through 经过，穿过；D. （go）against违背。go through one’s mind掠过某人的脑海。结合句意可知此处选项C符合语境。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们知道他们不得不做些调查，不仅仅为他们带来和平，也为了保护他们的孩子。A. faith信任，忠诚；B. peace和平；C. satisfaction 满意；D. confidence信心。根据上文这件生日礼物给他们带来的不安，结合句意可知此处选项B符合语境。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意： Glenda的爸爸被告知这一情况的时候说：我知道那个家伙是谁，他是一位住在Hillberry Road，上了年纪的老农夫”。A. secret秘密； B. crime 犯罪；C. conclusion结论； D. situation情况，处境。根据上文They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ___13___, but also to protect their son.可知夫妻俩开始调查这件事，并把这个情况告诉别人以寻找信息，结合句意可知此处选项D符合语境。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他们开车去了乡下找到那座房子，不幸的是，屋里没人。A. Amazingly令人震惊地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Interestingly 有趣地；D. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地。他们没有找到要找的人这是不幸的事情。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Steve决定留下一则简洁但紧急的信息：请尽快回电话。A. urgent 急迫的； B. updated更新的； C. warning警告； D. flexible灵活的。根据本句中as soon as possible，并结合句意可知此处用urgent（急迫的，紧急的）符合语境。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老农夫的孙子Zachary Johnson,最近和父母搬到了Heavenly Drive。Zackary Johnson就住在 这条街道上。A. walks散步；B. travels旅行；C. lives住；D. moves移动。结合句意可知此处选项C. lives（住）符合语境。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位老农夫一定对事情的变化感到惊讶。A. turn变化，转变；B. order顺序，命令；C. error错误； D. trend趋势。结合句意可知此处事情的变化一定是让这个农夫惊讶，因此选项A符合语境。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Zackary Johnson和爸妈前往 Heavenly Drive ，来到Zachary Johnson 的家。A. changed改变； B. made前进； C. pushed推，迫使D. cleared清理。make one’s way to前往。结合句意可知此处选项B符合语境。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们把Zachary爷爷的卡片和20块钱送给了Zachary。A. held举办，拿着；B. showed展示；C. delivered 递送；D. purchased购买。根据上下文可知他们应该是把发错的信封里的生日礼物归还对方，结合句意可知此处选项C符合语境。故选C。
【点睛】完形填空属“综合能力应用”题型。主要考查考生灵活运用所学词汇的能力，尤其是以考查实词或信息词为主，着重考查考生对文章的内在逻辑和整体把握能力。解完形填空题，考生必须进行通篇考虑，掌握大意，综合所学词法、句法和常识进行分析判断。解答完形填空题可用以下的解题技巧。
1、逻辑语气解题法：这类题主要是通过分了解全文的人物、时间、地点等信息之后，再分析句子与句子之间的关系，段落与段落之间的关系来解题。这种逻辑语气主要包含并列、递进、因果、转折和委婉语气等等。这类题的选项多为连词、副词或具有连词意义的各类短语。第小题，
2、语境信息解题法：这类题主要是通过短文中上下语境所透露的信息进行解题，如第5题，句意：她问他的丈夫：你认识这个名字吗？“不,” Steve回答，并且变得有点担忧似的。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. discouraged沮丧的；C. concerned关注的，担忧的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文A variety of scenes can go ___12___ parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ___13___, but also to protect their son.，可知夫妻俩对于这件事情都感到有点担心。此处选项C符合语境。故选C。
3、固定搭配解题法：这类题与语法结构题有点类似，但主要惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。如第12题，句意：各种各样的情景在他们的脑海中略过，尤其是当他们听说了一些网路犯罪的时候。A.（go） over复习； B. （go）beyond超越； C. （go）through 经过，穿过；D. （go）against违背。go through one’s mind掠过某人的脑海。结合句意可知此处选项C符合语境。故选C。
第二部分阅读理解（共两节40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you've always wanted to start your own herb or vegetable garden but don't have the yard space or the "green thumb" to pull it off, there's now another option. The OGarden Smart is an indoor gardening system that grows up to 90 plants at one time—20 of which are safe to eat.
Strawberries, green beans, peppers, green onions, and cherry tomatoes are just a few of the fruits and vegetables the OGarden can grow. Up to 30 potted plants can be placed on a lower shelf, where the seeds are allowed to germinate (发芽). Once they germinate, the plants can then be moved to the turning wheel up above, which holds up to 60 plants at a time. It takes about 30 to 40 days to harvest the produce, depending on the type of plant grown.
The system is self-watering and uses automatic LED lights to provide the right amount of sunlight, no matter what season it is. The only work that's required is planting the seeds and refilling the water tank once a week.
The OGarden Smart is the second product introduced by company co-founders Pierre Nibart and Pierre-Etienne Bourget, of Quebec, Canada. The original OGarden appeared in 2017, and the Smart upgrade adds a few new features, including automatic watering, automatic LED lighting, and a water warning system. Some reviewers of the original OGarden commented that the system is easy to use, and that the vegetables taste better than store-bought produce.
The OGarden Smart will set you back $859 Canadian dollars (about $650 USD) if you order it on Kickstarter at a discounted rate, but the company's founders are quick to point out that it will help you save money in the long-run. The system lets you grow organic (有机的) produce at a small part of the price you'd pay at your local grocery store.
To see some of the buying options available, check out the project's Kickstarter page. Any orders that are placed will be delivered this May.
31. What is the OGarden Smart?
A. A self-watering system.
B. A water warning system.
C. An indoor gardening system.
D. An automatic lighting system.
32. What can you learn about the OGarden Smart from the passage?
A. It can be used all year round.
B It grows up to 60 plants at a time.
C. It is designed for people who have a yard.
D. It moves the plants from the shelf automatically.
33. The OGarden Smart can help you save money in the long-run mainly because of its _______.
A. automatic upgrade
B. free after-sales service
C. low energy consumption
D. harvest of organic produce
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个室内园艺系统OGarden Smart可以全年使用，且自动浇水的，并使用自动LED灯提供适量的阳光。有机产品的丰收还可以帮助你省钱。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句The OGarden Smart is an indoor gardening system that grows up to 90 plants at one time—20 of which are safe to eat.可知OGarden Smart是一个室内园艺系统，一次可以种植90株植物，其中20株可以安全食用。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第一句The system is self-watering and uses automatic LED lights to provide the right amount of sunlight, no matter what season it is.可知该系统是自动浇水的，并使用自动LED灯提供适量的阳光，无论什么季节。即OGarden Smart可以全年使用。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句The system lets you grow organic produce at a small part of the price you'd pay at your local grocery store.（该系统允许你种植有机农产品，价格仅为你在当地杂货店购买价格的一小部分。）可知从长远来看，OGarden Smart可以帮助你省钱，主要是因为它的有机产品的丰收。故选D。
【点睛】文章内容较为简单，文章考查到细节理解题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如第二小题，第三段第一句The system is self-watering and uses automatic LED lights to provide the right amount of sunlight, no matter what season it is.可知该系统是自动浇水的，并使用自动LED灯提供适量的阳光，无论什么季节。即OGarden Smart可以全年使用。故选A。
B
As the Camp Fire continued, killing at least 85 people and displacing thousands more in Northern California, Madison waited there.
Gaylord, the Anatolian shepherd mix’s owner, was not able to get to her home in Paradise, when the fire began to spread, meaning Madison was left behind. For weeks, all Gaylord could do was pray for Madison’s safety, according to California-based animal rescue organization Paw Print Rescue.
Sullivan, a volunteer with the organization, had already helped locate Madison’s brother Miguel in a different city. But Madison was even more difficult to find. Sullivan spotted Madison a few times in a canyon (峡谷), apparently guarding his land, and put out fresh food and water regularly in hopes that the dog would turn up, according to a Facebook post by Sullivan. She even placed an article of clothing that smelled like Gaylord near the home “to keep Madison’s hope alive until his people could return,” Sullivan wrote.
When the evacuation (疏散) order was lifted last week and Gaylord went back to her home—which had been ruined by the fire—her prayers were answered: Madison was there, seemingly protecting what little remained of his family’s home. “Well, I’m so happy to report that Gaylord was allowed to return to her home today and THERE MADISON WAS!!!! He had stayed to protect what was left of his home, and never gave up on his people!” Sullivan wrote in the comment on her Facebook post. “I’m so happy I’m crying as I write this! He didn’t give up through the storms or the fire!” she added.
Soon afterward, Madison was reunited with Miguel for the first time since the fire broke out. An emotional Gaylord said in an interview with the network that she was overcome with joy to see Madison waiting for her. She also expressed how grateful she was to Sullivan. Gaylord said fighting through tears, “You could never ask for better animals. He is the best dog.”
34. What did Madison do during the Camp Fire?
A. He rescued Sullivan.
B. He waited for Gaylord.
C. He stayed with Miguel.
D. He ran away from Paradise.
35. Why did Sullivan place an article of clothing smelling like Gaylord near the home?
A. To keep Madison warm.
B. To get Madison to turn up.
C. To help Madison remember his owner.
D. To encourage Madison not to give up.
36. Where was Madison finally found?
A. In a different city. B. In a canyon.
C. At a camp. D. At his home.
37. What quality is emphasized in this story?
A. Patience. B. Unity.
C. Devotion. D. Wisdom.
【答案】34. B 35. D 36. D 37. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。Gaylord的营地着火后，尽管火势很凶猛，她的狗Madison仍不顾危险坚守在那里等候主人。这让Gaylord很感动，认为世界上没有比Madison更好的狗。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段中“Well, I’m so happy to report that Gaylord was allowed to return to her home today and THERE MADISON WAS!!!! He had stayed to protect what was left of his home, and never gave up on his people!” Sullivan wrote in the comment on her Facebook post.可知，着火之后，狗Madison一直留在附近保护家里的东西，而且没有放弃他的人们。所以Madison在等它的主人Gaylord回家。故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的She even placed an article of clothing that smelled like Gaylord near the home “to keep Madison’s hope alive until his people could return”可知，Sullivan把闻起来像Gaylord的一件衣服放在家附近是为了在她的主人回来之前保持它的希望。也就是说鼓励Madison不要放弃。故选D。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Gaylord was allowed to return to her home today and THERE MADISON WAS!!!!”可知，终于Gaylord可以回家了，发现Madison还在那里。也就是还在它的家。故选D。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。从全文的描述中“Gaylord的营地着火之后，Madison不顾危险，一直守在那里等它主人回来”以及由第四段中的“He had stayed to protect what was left of his home, and never gave up on his people!(他呆在那里保护房子并从没对放弃他的人们)”可知，Madison是很忠诚的。A. Patience耐心；B. Unity团结；C. Devotion忠诚；D. Wisdom智慧。故选C。
【易错分析】2. Why did Sullivan place an article of clothing smelling like Gaylord near the home?
A. To keep Madison warm.
B. To get Madison to turn up.
C. To help Madison remember his owner.
D. To encourage Madison not to give up.
本题容易误选C项，认为Sullivan放了一件闻起来像Gaylord的衣服是为了让Madison记住它的主人，但根据后面的“to keep Madison’s hope alive until his people could return,”可知，是为了保持Madison的希望，也就是鼓励它不要放弃，故选D。
C
The Song Dynasty(960-1279) is often referred to as the Chinese Renaissance(文艺复兴). For about three and a quarter centuries, under its rule, China enjoyed a period of economic growth with great artistic and intellectual achievements.
One of the most important factors in the Song Renaissance was the printing press which made for a rebirth of classical Confucian learning. By the 10th century,printers were producing a large number of copies of the classical Confucian texts. With this increase in the production of books, education spread and became widely available.
Printing also had its greatest influence on the Chinese political system. In the Song Dynasty, govemment examinations became the most important way to political power in China. For almost 1,000 years, China was govemed by men who had done very well in examinations. Thousands of students studied for the exams, and thousands of inexpensive books were required. Without printing, such a system would not have been possible.
The Song period was also the golden age of Chinese painting. Emperor Huizong(1101-1125) was a talented painter who encouraged the arts. A royal painting academy was created and many fine artists were supported. The period is best known for nature subjects and landscape paintings. Guo Xi used perspective in his paintings and The Quict Valley is one of his best-known works. One of the greatest landscape painters of the period was Fan Kuan. His masterpiece, Travelling among Mountains and Gorges, is one of the most famous Chinese paintings. Completed around the year 1000, it was inspired by the power of nature and the relative insignificance of humans.
38. When was the Chinese Renaissance?
A. Immediately after the Renaissance in Europe. B. During the Song Dynasty.
C. At the time of Confucius. D. in the year 1,000.
39. What contributed to spreading the ideas of Confucius?
A. The spread of education to the middle classes.
B. People’s new interest in classical texts.
C. The development of painting.
D. The printing press and a wide availability of books.
40. How did people become politicians at the time?
A. Only members of the wealthy class could go into politics.
B. A small number of powerful families ran the country.
C. Only members good at painting were supported by the royalty.
D. There was a special exam system to select politicians.
41. From the passage we can know the painter of Travelling among Mountains and Gorges is ＿＿＿．
A. Guo Xi
B. Emperor Huizong
C. Fan Kuan
D Confucius
【答案】38. B 39. D 40. D 41. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。宋代(960 - 1279)通常被称为中国文艺复兴(文艺复兴)。大约三又四分之一个世纪以来，在中国的统治下，中国经历了一个经济增长时期，在艺术和智力上都取得了巨大的成就。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The Song Dynasty(960-1279) is often referred to as the Chinese Renaissance(文艺复兴).可知，宋朝被认为是中国的文艺复兴时期。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中By the 10th century,printers were producing a large number of copies of the classical Confucian texts. With this increase in the production of books, education spread and became widely available.可知，印刷术和书籍的广泛使用促进了孔子思想的传播，教育得到推广。故选D。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中In the Song Dynasty, govemment examinations became the most important way to political power in China. 可知，当时宋朝有一种特殊的考试制度来选拔政治家。故选D。
41题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中One of the greatest landscape painters of the period was Fan Kuan. His masterpiece, Travelling among Mountains and Gorges, is one of the most famous Chinese paintings.可知范宽的作品《溪山行旅图》是中国最著名的画作之一，从这篇文章中我们可以知道《溪山行旅图》的画家是范宽。故选C。
D
What a Messy Desk Says About You
For some time, psychologists have been studying how personality traits affect health and health-related choices. Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have immaculate offices.
What has been less clear is whether neat environments can produce good habits even in those who aren’t necessarily innately conscientious. To find out, researchers at the University of Minnesota conducted a series of experiments. In the first experiment, they randomly assigned a group of college-age students to spend time in two office spaces, one of which was very neat, the other wildly cluttered (乱堆) with papers and other work-related stuff. The students spent their time filling out questionnaires unrelated to the study. After 10 minutes, they were told they could leave with an apple or a chocolate bar. Those students who sat in the orderly office were twice as likely to choose the apple as those who sat among the mess.
A second experiment, however, found that working in chaos has its advantages, too. In this one, college students were placed in a messy or a neat office and asked to dream up new uses for Ping-Pong balls. Those in messy spaces generated ideas that were significantly more creative, according to two independent judges, than those in offices where stacks of papers and other objects were neatly arranged.
The results were something of a surprise, says Dr. Vohs, the leader of the study. Few previous studies found much virtue in disorder. The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline.
But in the study by Dr. Vohs, disordered offices encouraged originality and a search for novelty. In the final portion of the study, adults were given the choice of adding a health “boost” to their lunchtime smoothie that was labeled either “new” or “classic.” The volunteers in the messy space were far more likely to choose the new one; those in the tidy office generally chose the classic version. “Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.”
The implications of these findings are also practical. “My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.”
42. The underlined word “immaculate” in paragraph 1 probably means ______.
A. messy B. tidy
C. terrible D. comfortable
43. Which of the following can best explain the broken window theory?
A. Chaos begets chaos. B. Misfortune may be an actual blessing.
C. Bad news has wings. D. When a door shuts, a window opens.
44. Which of the following will Dr. Vohs probably agree with?
A. More virtue exists in organized people.
B. Creativity results from tidiness and discipline.
C. Disorderly surroundings help to create new ideas.
D. Workers’ good habits guarantee the success of a project.
45. What can we conclude from the study results?
A. The naturally neat people tend to be very creative.
B. A messy office will cause quite low working efficiency.
C. Environments can affect people’s way of thinking and behavior.
D. People’s personalities are determined by their working environments.
【答案】42. B 43. A 44. C 45. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究人类行为与环境相关的实验，实验结果表明无序混乱的环境可能更容易激发人们打破传统，产生新的见解。同时研究人员建议如果你需要在未来的项目中跳出框框思考，那就让杂乱的东西堆积起来，释放你的想象力。但如果你的主要目标是吃得好或去健身房，那就先在办公室里收拾一下。
【42题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have…不出所料，他们发现，天生有自觉性的人，也就是有条理、可预测的人，通常比那些不守规矩的人吃得更好，活得更久。可推知天生有自觉性有条理的人，他们也更有倾向于拥有整洁的办公室。故划线单词意思为“整洁的”。故选B。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline.（几十年前提出的“破窗理论”认为，即使是轻微的混乱和忽视也会助长冷漠和缺乏纪律。）可推知混乱产生混乱最能解释破窗理论。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.”（“无序的环境似乎激发了人们打破传统，”沃斯博士和她的合著者在研究中总结道，“这可以产生新的见解。”）可推知沃斯博士可能会同意杂乱的环境有助于创造新想法。故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.”（沃斯博士说:“我的建议是，如果你需要在未来的项目中跳出框框思考，那就让杂乱的东西堆积起来，释放你的想象力。”但如果你的主要目标是吃得好或去健身房，那就先在办公室里收拾一下。通过这样做，天生邋遢的人可以获得一些自觉的纪律。”）可推知我们能从研究结果中得出结论，环境可以影响人们的思维方式和行为方式。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Develop Note-Taking Skills
Speech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speaker’s main points, evidence, and techniques. Of course, the teacher knows what to listen for and has had plenty of practice. But the next time you get an opportunity, watch your teacher during a speech. Chances are she or he will be listening with pen and paper. ___46___
Unfortunately, many people don’t take notes effectively. Some try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility(敏捷) against the speaker’s rate of speech. ____47____ But soon the speaker is winning the race. The speaker pulls so far ahead that the note taker can never catch up. Finally, the note taker admits defeat and spends the rest of the speech grumbling in frustration.
___48___ They arrive armed with pen, notebook, and the best of intentions. They know they can’t write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention. Every once in a while the speaker rewards them with a joke, a dramatic story, or a startling fact. Then the note taker seizes pen, jots down a few words, and leans back dreamily to await the next fascinating tidbit(趣闻). By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbits—and little or no record of the speaker’s important ideas.
As these examples illustrate, they don’t know what to listen for, and they don’t know how to record what they do listen for. ____49____ But once you know what to listen for, you still need a sound method of note taking.
Although there are a number of systems, most students find the key-word outline best for listening to speeches. As its name suggests, this method briefly notes a speaker’s main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form. By separating main points from sub-points and evidence, the outline format shows the relationships among the speaker’s ideas. ____50____ But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.
A. Perfecting this taking requires practice.
B. Some people go to the opposite extreme.
C. As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.
D. Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.
E. Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.
F. When note taking is done properly, it is sure to keep track of a speaker’s ideas.
G. The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker’s main points and evidence.
【答案】46. F 47. C 48. B 49. G 50. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章关于培养记笔记的技能举出了两个错误例子，然后提出了最有效的记笔记方法：根据关键词列大纲。
【46题详解】
根据第一段第一句“Speech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speaker’s main points, evidence, and techniques.”（学生们常常惊讶于他们老师能如此轻易地找到演讲者的主旨、证据和技巧。），可知，记笔记时抓住演讲者的主旨很重要，F选项“When note taking is done properly, it is sure to keep track of a speaker’s ideas.”（ 如果笔记做得恰当，它肯定能记住演讲者的想法。）切题。故选F项。
【47题详解】
根据第二段中的“Some try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility(敏捷) against the speaker’s rate of speech.”（有些人试着把演讲者所说的每句话都记下来。他们把记笔记看成是一场赛跑，把他们的书写灵活性与演讲者的说话速度对应起来。），可知，为了把演讲者所说的每句话都记下来，演讲者开始讲话时，记录者就开始记录。 C选项“As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write. ”（ 当演讲者开始讲话时，记录者就开始写。）切题。故选C项。
【48题详解】
根据第二段中的“Some try to write down everything a speaker says.”（有些人试着把演讲者所说的每句话都记下来。）和第三段中的“They know they can’t write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention... By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbits—and little or no record of the speaker’s important ideas.”(他们知道不能把所有东西都写下来，所以他们舒服地坐在座位上，等着演讲人说点吸引他们注意力的话……在讲座结束时，只记录一些趣闻——很少或根本没有记录演讲者的主旨。)，可知作者在第二段和第三段分别描述了两种相反的极端现象。B选项“Some people go to the opposite extreme.”（ 有些人走向了相反的极端。）切题。故选B项。
【49题详解】
根据空格前文“As these examples illustrate, they don’t know what to listen for, and they don’t know how to record what they do listen for.”（ 这些例子说明，他们不知道听什么，也不知道如何录制他们所听的内容。），可知，作者列出了两个问题，G选项“The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker’s main points and evidence. ”（第一个问题的解决方法是集中在演讲者的主要观点和证据上。）起到和前文承接作用。故选G项。
【50题详解】
根据空格后一句“But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.”（但是稍加努力你就会成为一个更好的记笔记的人。），可推断和前一句是转折关系，选项A“Perfecting this note-taking requires practice. ”（完善记笔记需要练习。）切题。故选A项。
【点睛】七选五解题方法之一是：重点阅读空格上下句来判断，因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间有语义衔接并且逻辑通顺。例如第5小题，根据空格下一句“But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.”（但是稍加努力你就会成为一个更好的笔记者。），可推断和前一句是转折关系，选项A“Perfecting this note-taking requires practice. ”（完善记笔记需要练习。）切题。故选A项。
第三部分书面表达（共两节35分）
第一节（15分）
51.假设你是红星中学学生李华。你的美国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中询问你的高三生活情况。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 近况；
2. 感受；
3. 愿望。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Nice to hear from you! In your letter, you asked me about my life. As the College Entrance Examination is drawing near I’m trying my best to prepare for it. Exercises and exams have taken up most of my time. I’ve never been busier and can only find time to listen to music on the way home.
As you can tell, the process is tough and I’m tired, but along the way, I have managed to do what I thought impossible. Although there is still a lot for me to improve on, I do have confidence in myself.
I hope with so much effort, I will get admitted to my dream university. I’m also expecting the coming summer holiday, for I will surely have plenty of time to enjoy myself!
What’s your plan after high school? Hope to hear from you soon.
Your,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假设你是红星中学学生李华。你的美国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中询问你的高三生活情况。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1. 近况；2. 感受；3. 愿望。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：Nice to hear from you（收到你来信很高兴）；the College Entrance Examination is drawing near（高考即将来临）；trying my best to prepare for it（尽我最大的努力去准备它）；get admitted to my dream university（被我梦想的大学录取）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。As the College Entrance Examination is drawing near I’m trying my best to prepare for it.此处As引导时间状语从句；As you can tell, the process is tough and I’m tired, but along the way, I have managed to do what I thought impossible.句中as引导非限制性定语从句，what引导宾语从句；Although there is still a lot for me to improve on, I do have confidence in myself.句中Although引导让步状语从句，并运用强调谓语；I’m also expecting the coming summer holiday, for I will surely have plenty of time to enjoy myself!句中for是并列连词，表示原因。
第二节（20分）
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊“英语园地”写一篇英文稿件,讲述上周发生在你们班的一个真实故事。
注意：词数不少于60 。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I had always felt that the last year of senior high school was the bitterest time of my life, until last Friday.
At lunch break, my classmate and I went to the teacher’s office to ask questions, only to find our math teacher sleeping with her head on the arms, some medicine beside her, as well as some exercise books. Then we hurried back to our classroom. I placed a chair behind the teacher’s desk, and my friend put a glass of warm water on it.
Entering the classroom, our teacher smiled at what we had done, and soon began her lesson. We all felt worried when hearing her cough from time to time. We listened attentively and tried to memorize every point she mentioned. After school, some of us visited her in the office with some fruits and snacks. And our teacher was still busy working at her desk…
That day, I realized we were lucky to have these dedicated teachers and that the busy days were not bitter but bitter-sweet.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇看图写作，根据所给四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊“英语园地”写一篇英文稿件。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊“英语园地”写一篇英文稿件,讲述上周发生在你们班的一个真实故事。人称为第一人称。时态以一般过去时为主。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为四段。第一段，引入话题。第二段和第三段，讲述事情经过。第四段，感悟。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: the bitterest；attentively；memorize；dedicated；as well as ；
from time to time等。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接；注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了一些亮点短语：the bitterest；attentively；memorize；dedicated；as well as ；from time to time等。
以及一些较为高级的句式: At lunch break, my classmate and I went to the teacher’s office to ask questions, only to find our math teacher sleeping with her head on the arms, some medicine beside her, as well as some exercise books.使用了不定式做结果状语：only to do以及with的复合结构；Entering the classroom, our teacher smiled at what we had done, and soon began her lesson.使用了现在分词作状语。I realized we were lucky to have these dedicated teachers and that the busy days were not bitter but bitter-sweet.使用了宾语从句。
高级句式应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。
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