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牛津译林版9AUnit8知识梳理及讲练
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牛津译林版9AUnit8知识梳理及讲练 【知识梳理】 A dective is someone who looks for clues to something important. （1）detective 名词，“侦探”形容词，“侦探的，” （2）clue 名词，“线索，提示” have no clue 无线索 discover/find a clue 发现线索 the clue to …… ……的线索 What happened? A murder? （1）happen的用法：sth happen to sb 某人发生某事 sb hapepen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 【拓展】happen与take place的用法异同点 murder 动词，“谋杀，杀害” 名词“谋杀，凶杀” murderer名词，“凶手” My food has gone missing. （1）missing 形容词，“缺失的，丢失的” 【拓展】missing与gone （1）missing “丢失的，缺失的,下落不明的，失踪的” （2）gone是go的过去分词，意思是“失去的”，有“一去不复返”之意，只表示动作完成，不表示被动，通常作表语。 Those hard days are gone forever. 那些艰苦的日子一去不复返。 We have made notes on all of them. （1）make notes“做记录，做笔记” make notes on sb“给某人做笔记” ……of medium height and untidy （1）medium 形容词，“中等的” medium height 中等身高 medium size 中号，中等尺码 They all say that they’re not guilty. （1）guilty 形容词，“内疚的，有罪的” feel/be guilty about sth 因为……而感到内疚，对……内疚 例句： I felt guilty about not visiting my parents more often. be guilty of ……犯……罪 例句：we’ve all been guilty of selfness at some time in our lives. I guess Jimmy White is lying. （1）guess“猜测”have a guess 猜一猜 （2）lie “说谎” 过去式：lie-lied-lied lie “躺，，平躺”lie-lay-lain The police have confirmed that the victim was a computer engineer.（P108） （1）confirm 动词，“证实，确认” Confirm + that从句 victim 受害者，遇难者 He was last seen leaving his office in East Town at about 7 am yesterday. （1） see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事 被动；sb be seen doing 【拓展】see/watch/hear.notice sb do/doing sth They are still working at the scene of the crime to find out whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then brought to West Town, or killed at the place where he was found. （1）crime 名词，“罪行，犯罪活动” Commit a crime 犯罪 （2）find out与find的区别 find意为“找到”“发现”,强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人.如： —Did you find Li Ming yesterday? 你昨天找到李明了吗? —No,we looked for him everywhere,but didn't find him． 没有.我们到处找了,但没有找到他. find out着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“弄清楚”“查明”一件事情,其后的宾语常常是某个情况、事实.如： Please find out when the train leaves． 请查一下火车什么时候离站. somewhere 副词，“在某处”，常用语肯定句中，形容词一般位于其后 The victim was wounded with a knife and bled to death as a result. （1）wound 动词，“使……受伤” wound sb 使某人受伤 wound 名词，“伤口” wounded 形容词，“受伤的，负伤的” （2）bleed 动词，“流血”bleed to death 流血致死 blood 名词，“血” However, according to the record, he was guilty of computer crimes in the past. be guilty of……犯……罪 “He was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year”said Detective Lu. （1）be charged with sth/doing sth“被指控某事、做某事” 主动结构：charge sb with……指控某人有……罪 【拓展】charge 收费，常与for连用 charge（sb）+ money for sth 向某人收取某物……钱的费用 break短语： break into 突然闯入，break down 抛锚，出故障 break out （战争、灾难等）爆发 break up 粉碎，破裂 break in 打断 “We’re not sure whether this made him any enemies” （1）enemy 名词，“敌人” 【拓展】make an enemy of sb 与某人为敌 We suppose that the victim knew his murder. （1）suppose动词，“认为，推断，料想”suppose + that从句 （2）be supposed to do sth= should do sth 应该做某事 A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt. （1）breathe 动词，“呼吸” （2）breath 名词，“呼吸”take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气 The victim’s parents have offered a reward of ￥50,000 for any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer.（P109） （1）reward 名词，“报酬，奖赏”常常与介词for连用 in reward for“酬谢，作为报答” 如：He got nothing in reward for his kindness. （2）reward 动词，“报答，奖赏” How can I reward your kindness. （3）arrest名词，“逮捕，拘捕” arrest动词，“逮捕，拘捕”arrest sb 【例题精讲】 A)根据句意和汉语注释，写出单词的正确形式 1. The little girl guarded against any possible danger by ___________（关）all the windows. 2. The fireman rushed into the hall and pulled her out to ___________（安全）. 3. The president's behavior has made him many ___________（敌人）in recent years. 4. My elder sister stayed ____________（单身的）until she was 30 years old. B)根据句意，写出括号内所给单词的适当形式 1.A man of great ___________ (wealthy) doesn't always mean a man with good manners. 2. Her little daughter's sudden illness was _________ (probable) caused by poison(毒药). 3. The policemen proved that the fingerprints were one of the __________ (witness). 4. The burglar ___________ (steal) lots of hand-made jewelleries of high quality that night. A) l. shutting 2. safety 3. enemies 4. single B) l. wealth 2. probably 3. witnesses' 4. stole 【课堂练习】 一、单项选择 在A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. --- Could you tell me the way to ____________ Johnson, please? --- Sorry, we don't have ___________ Johnson here in this village. A. the; the B. the; a C. / ; the D. the; / 2. David was charged __________ robbing a bank. In fact, he wasn't guilty _________it. A. of; with B. of.; of C. with; of D. with; 3. It is reported that the floods have made about _________ people homeless. A two thousand B. two-thousands C. two thousands D. two thousands of 4. The old lady worries _________ that she often feels much ____________. A. so much; more stressed B. too much; more stressed C. so much; less stressed D. too much; less stressed 5. I left my keys ____________ in the house but I can't find them ____________. A. anywhere; everywhere B. somewhere; anywhere C. somewhere; everywhere D. everywhere; anywhere 6. The elderly couple, whose son was murdered, _______still __________. A. is; taken good care of B. are; taken good care C. are; taken good care of D. is; taken good care 7. Why don't you __________ his advice and make some notes? A. get B. listen C. bring D. take 8. It is really difficult for people to find a _____________. A. well paid work B. well paid job C. well-paid work D. well-paid job 9. It has something to do with the new energy which _________an important role in our life. A. plays B. to play C. playing D. play 10. Peter didn't tell me ____________________. A. he lived in which room B. which room did he live in C. to live in which room D. which room to live in 11. I don't know how long _________________? A. has he been away B. he has left C. he had been away D. he will be away 12. --- What language is that guy speaking? I can hardly catch a single word ! ---___________________. He's from India, so I guess it is Hindi. A. Neither I can B. Neither can I C. So I can D. So can I 13. It ____________ that the suspect may live __________. A. reports; alone B. is reported; alone C. reports; lonely D. is reported; lonely 14. The police believe that the murder ___________ 9 p. m. and 11 p.m. yesterday. A. was happened at B. happened at C. took place between D. was taken place between 15. --- Could you answer this question, please? ---_________________. A. Yes, I could B. No, I couldn't C. Never mind D. Well, let me try 一、 1-5. BCAAB 6-10. CDDAD 11-15. DBBCD 【变式练习】 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I'm sure he will join our club as soon as he _________ (leave) college, for he is a football fan. 2. The problem the leaders paid attention to ______________ (solve) next week. 3.--- Tom, can you answer my question? --- Err, I'm sorry, Miss White, I_________________ (think) about something else. 4. The young man was charged with _________ (break) into the computer systems several times. 5.I can't find him because I_______________ (forget) where he lives. 6. Frank Johnson is the man who _____________ (want) for robbery. 7. We try our best to prevent the air pollution ________________ (live)a happy life. 8. There ________________ (be) little rain this summer, will there? l. leaves 2. will be solved 3 was thinking 4. breaking 5. have forgotten 6. is wanted 7. to live 8. will be 知识点二 9AU8 Grammar 定语从句 【知识梳理】 初中英语 定语从句 要点一：概念 请看例句： Della prefers friends who are outgoing. 句中画线部分是定语从句。 【收藏夹】 在复合句中作定语的从句叫做定语从句。 相关术语： 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。如上句中的friends。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose；关系副词有where, when等。如上句中的who就是关系代词。 关系词常有3个作用：1.引导定语从句；2.代替先行词；3. 在定语从句中充当一个成分。 图表分析： I like music that / which I can dance to. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句: that / which I can dance to. 要点二：关系代词的意义与功能 请看例句： The number of people who lost their lives in this earthquake reached 69,107 yesterday. （从句中作主语） Environment is the topic (which / that) they are discussing.（从句中作宾语，可省略） 【收藏夹】 如何选用关系代词呢？关系代词在定语从句中作何成分呢？ 关系代词 在从句中的功能 指代 that 作主语或宾语 指人或物 which 作主语或宾语 指物（可与that互换） who 作主语；在口语或非 正式文体中也常用 作宾语，此时可省略 指人（可与that互换） whom 是who 的宾格, 作宾 语，可省略 指人 whose 是who 的所有格, 作 后面名词的定语 指人或物 定语从句是一种主从复合句，老师在讲述或提炼其用法时，一般都采纳教材的二合一方法，即把两个单句合称为一个主从复合句。如：① This is a factory. ② The factory produces toys. 这两个句子可以合成：This is a factory that(which) produces toys.可是当这个句子在成为一个试题，如This is a factory ______ produces toys时，就会有好多同学填或选where这个错误答案。究其原因，就是因为学生只会简单地了解factory是一个处所名词。 ① This is a factory. (现成句子) ② The factory produces toys. ③ It produces toys. (人称代词用于简单句中) ④ That / which produces toys. (关系代词用于复合句中) ⑤ This is a factory that / which produces toys.(合成) 【例题精讲】 ( ) 1. He is the only student ______ plays table tennis better than Jim. A. why B. where C. that D. which 【析】 C。题干是一个含定语从句的复合句，先行词the only student是人，关系代词在从句中作主语，关系代词that可指代人。 why和where是可引导定语从句的关系副词， why表原因，先行词往往是表示原因的 名词(reason等)， where表地点。 ( ) 2. This is the dictionary ______Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. that D. whom 【析】 A。该定语从句中的先行词the dictionary是物，关系词在从句中作宾语，关系代词which可指代物。关系代词that可指代人 （的），也可指代物 （的），但在从句中常作定语；关系代词whom一般都指代人，在从句中常作宾语。而what不引导定语从句。 ( ) 3. This is the question we are talking about now. A. that B. who C. where D. when 【析】 A。在这里先行词是the question，指物，关系代词that可以指代物，而其他选项不可指代物，因此选A。 ( ) 4. Jack, there is someone in the office ______would like to speak with you A. who B. which C. whom 【析】 A。在这里先行词是someone，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语。关系代词who和whom都可指代人，但whom在从句中充当宾语。而关系代词which一般指代物。 ( ) 5. We know Jackie Chan ______ movies are very popular with the young？ A. whose B. that C. who D. which 【析】 A。该句中先行词是Jackie Chan，关系代词在从句中作定语，选项中只有A项符合题意。 ( ) 6. —The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isn’t it? — Yes, it has built many schools ______those children can study happily. A. where B. when C. which 【析】 A。该句中先行词是many schools，从句中缺少表示地点状语的成分，所以这里需要一个指代地点的关系副词。这三个选项中只有where(在这/那里)符合。关系副词when指代时间，关系代词which虽然可 以指代地点，但不能在从句中作状语。 【课堂练习】 定语从句专项练习 1.Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need. A. what B. who C. whom D. which 2.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom 3.Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind Nancy? A. what B. which C. who D. whom 4.The book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting. A. / B. why C. when D. what 5.I have found some pictures of the most interesting places ________ you can visit during the winter holidays. A. where B. which C. what D. that 6.I’d like to tell you about the table manners ________ you should know when you visit Korea. A. which B. who C. what D. how 7.I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers, ________has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 8.Is oxygen the only gas ________ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 9.Is ________ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 10.---What kind of music do you like? ---I like music ________ has great lyrics. A. that B. what C. who D. whose 11.That is the only thing ________ I bought from the supermarket. A. which B. that C. what D. where 12.The place ________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which 13.The computer ________ last week has gone wrong. A. which I bought it B. I bought C. what I bought D. I bought it 14.That is the poor boy ________ father died in a traffic accident last year. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 15.Do you know the girl ________ is standing under the tree? A. who B. whom C. which D. where 16.Is the woman ________ talked to our teacher yesterday your mother? A. who B. whom C. which D. what 17.The young lady ________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher. A. what B. whose C. whom D. which 18.I like to live in a house ________ is big and bright. A. that B. who C. how D. why 19.I hate people ________ talk much but do little. A. whom B. which C. who D. when 20.I am one of the boys ________never late for school. A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is Keys: 1-5 DACAD 6-10 ADABA 11-15BABCA 16-20 ACACB 【变式练习】 Mr Green, there is someone at the front desk ________ would like to speak with you. A. he B. who C. which D. whom I love the small village ________ I was born. A. that B. which C. where D. whose Here comes the girl ________ handwriting is the best in our class. A. which B. whose C. that D. who My parents usually buy me some simple clothes ________ can last a long time. A. who B. that C. whom D. whose 25.---Is the girl ________ is interviewing the manager of that company your friend? ---Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 26.---Do you know everybody ________ came to the party? ---No, I don’t know the one________ you had a long talk with near the door. A. who;/ B. whose; that C. that; which D. /; whom 27.The boy________ won the first prize is called Roy. A. when B. whom C. who D. which 28.Children like houses ________ are painted in different colours. A. which B. they C. those D. what 29.Do you think most students prefer tests ________ have easy questions? A. who B. where C. that D. it 30. He is one of the experienced engineers in this factory ________ hard work was repaid with the development of the factory. A. where B. whose C. in which D. that 21-25 BCBBC 26-30ACACA
牛津译林版9AUnit8知识梳理及讲练 【知识梳理】 A dective is someone who looks for clues to something important. （1）detective 名词，“侦探”形容词，“侦探的，” （2）clue 名词，“线索，提示” have no clue 无线索 discover/find a clue 发现线索 the clue to …… ……的线索 What happened? A murder? （1）happen的用法：sth happen to sb 某人发生某事 sb hapepen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 【拓展】happen与take place的用法异同点 murder 动词，“谋杀，杀害” 名词“谋杀，凶杀” murderer名词，“凶手” My food has gone missing. （1）missing 形容词，“缺失的，丢失的” 【拓展】missing与gone （1）missing “丢失的，缺失的,下落不明的，失踪的” （2）gone是go的过去分词，意思是“失去的”，有“一去不复返”之意，只表示动作完成，不表示被动，通常作表语。 Those hard days are gone forever. 那些艰苦的日子一去不复返。 We have made notes on all of them. （1）make notes“做记录，做笔记” make notes on sb“给某人做笔记” ……of medium height and untidy （1）medium 形容词，“中等的” medium height 中等身高 medium size 中号，中等尺码 They all say that they’re not guilty. （1）guilty 形容词，“内疚的，有罪的” feel/be guilty about sth 因为……而感到内疚，对……内疚 例句： I felt guilty about not visiting my parents more often. be guilty of ……犯……罪 例句：we’ve all been guilty of selfness at some time in our lives. I guess Jimmy White is lying. （1）guess“猜测”have a guess 猜一猜 （2）lie “说谎” 过去式：lie-lied-lied lie “躺，，平躺”lie-lay-lain The police have confirmed that the victim was a computer engineer.（P108） （1）confirm 动词，“证实，确认” Confirm + that从句 victim 受害者，遇难者 He was last seen leaving his office in East Town at about 7 am yesterday. （1） see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事 被动；sb be seen doing 【拓展】see/watch/hear.notice sb do/doing sth They are still working at the scene of the crime to find out whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then brought to West Town, or killed at the place where he was found. （1）crime 名词，“罪行，犯罪活动” Commit a crime 犯罪 （2）find out与find的区别 find意为“找到”“发现”,强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人.如： —Did you find Li Ming yesterday? 你昨天找到李明了吗? —No,we looked for him everywhere,but didn't find him． 没有.我们到处找了,但没有找到他. find out着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“弄清楚”“查明”一件事情,其后的宾语常常是某个情况、事实.如： Please find out when the train leaves． 请查一下火车什么时候离站. somewhere 副词，“在某处”，常用语肯定句中，形容词一般位于其后 The victim was wounded with a knife and bled to death as a result. （1）wound 动词，“使……受伤” wound sb 使某人受伤 wound 名词，“伤口” wounded 形容词，“受伤的，负伤的” （2）bleed 动词，“流血”bleed to death 流血致死 blood 名词，“血” However, according to the record, he was guilty of computer crimes in the past. be guilty of……犯……罪 “He was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year”said Detective Lu. （1）be charged with sth/doing sth“被指控某事、做某事” 主动结构：charge sb with……指控某人有……罪 【拓展】charge 收费，常与for连用 charge（sb）+ money for sth 向某人收取某物……钱的费用 break短语： break into 突然闯入，break down 抛锚，出故障 break out （战争、灾难等）爆发 break up 粉碎，破裂 break in 打断 “We’re not sure whether this made him any enemies” （1）enemy 名词，“敌人” 【拓展】make an enemy of sb 与某人为敌 We suppose that the victim knew his murder. （1）suppose动词，“认为，推断，料想”suppose + that从句 （2）be supposed to do sth= should do sth 应该做某事 A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt. （1）breathe 动词，“呼吸” （2）breath 名词，“呼吸”take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气 The victim’s parents have offered a reward of ￥50,000 for any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer.（P109） （1）reward 名词，“报酬，奖赏”常常与介词for连用 in reward for“酬谢，作为报答” 如：He got nothing in reward for his kindness. （2）reward 动词，“报答，奖赏” How can I reward your kindness. （3）arrest名词，“逮捕，拘捕” arrest动词，“逮捕，拘捕”arrest sb 【例题精讲】 A)根据句意和汉语注释，写出单词的正确形式 1. The little girl guarded against any possible danger by ___________（关）all the windows. 2. The fireman rushed into the hall and pulled her out to ___________（安全）. 3. The president's behavior has made him many ___________（敌人）in recent years. 4. My elder sister stayed ____________（单身的）until she was 30 years old. B)根据句意，写出括号内所给单词的适当形式 1.A man of great ___________ (wealthy) doesn't always mean a man with good manners. 2. Her little daughter's sudden illness was _________ (probable) caused by poison(毒药). 3. The policemen proved that the fingerprints were one of the __________ (witness). 4. The burglar ___________ (steal) lots of hand-made jewelleries of high quality that night. A) l. shutting 2. safety 3. enemies 4. single B) l. wealth 2. probably 3. witnesses' 4. stole 【课堂练习】 一、单项选择 在A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. --- Could you tell me the way to ____________ Johnson, please? --- Sorry, we don't have ___________ Johnson here in this village. A. the; the B. the; a C. / ; the D. the; / 2. David was charged __________ robbing a bank. In fact, he wasn't guilty _________it. A. of; with B. of.; of C. with; of D. with; 3. It is reported that the floods have made about _________ people homeless. A two thousand B. two-thousands C. two thousands D. two thousands of 4. The old lady worries _________ that she often feels much ____________. A. so much; more stressed B. too much; more stressed C. so much; less stressed D. too much; less stressed 5. I left my keys ____________ in the house but I can't find them ____________. A. anywhere; everywhere B. somewhere; anywhere C. somewhere; everywhere D. everywhere; anywhere 6. The elderly couple, whose son was murdered, _______still __________. A. is; taken good care of B. are; taken good care C. are; taken good care of D. is; taken good care 7. Why don't you __________ his advice and make some notes? A. get B. listen C. bring D. take 8. It is really difficult for people to find a _____________. A. well paid work B. well paid job C. well-paid work D. well-paid job 9. It has something to do with the new energy which _________an important role in our life. A. plays B. to play C. playing D. play 10. Peter didn't tell me ____________________. A. he lived in which room B. which room did he live in C. to live in which room D. which room to live in 11. I don't know how long _________________? A. has he been away B. he has left C. he had been away D. he will be away 12. --- What language is that guy speaking? I can hardly catch a single word ! ---___________________. He's from India, so I guess it is Hindi. A. Neither I can B. Neither can I C. So I can D. So can I 13. It ____________ that the suspect may live __________. A. reports; alone B. is reported; alone C. reports; lonely D. is reported; lonely 14. The police believe that the murder ___________ 9 p. m. and 11 p.m. yesterday. A. was happened at B. happened at C. took place between D. was taken place between 15. --- Could you answer this question, please? ---_________________. A. Yes, I could B. No, I couldn't C. Never mind D. Well, let me try 一、 1-5. BCAAB 6-10. CDDAD 11-15. DBBCD 【变式练习】 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I'm sure he will join our club as soon as he _________ (leave) college, for he is a football fan. 2. The problem the leaders paid attention to ______________ (solve) next week. 3.--- Tom, can you answer my question? --- Err, I'm sorry, Miss White, I_________________ (think) about something else. 4. The young man was charged with _________ (break) into the computer systems several times. 5.I can't find him because I_______________ (forget) where he lives. 6. Frank Johnson is the man who _____________ (want) for robbery. 7. We try our best to prevent the air pollution ________________ (live)a happy life. 8. There ________________ (be) little rain this summer, will there? l. leaves 2. will be solved 3 was thinking 4. breaking 5. have forgotten 6. is wanted 7. to live 8. will be 知识点二 9AU8 Grammar 定语从句 【知识梳理】 初中英语 定语从句 要点一：概念 请看例句： Della prefers friends who are outgoing. 句中画线部分是定语从句。 【收藏夹】 在复合句中作定语的从句叫做定语从句。 相关术语： 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。如上句中的friends。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose；关系副词有where, when等。如上句中的who就是关系代词。 关系词常有3个作用：1.引导定语从句；2.代替先行词；3. 在定语从句中充当一个成分。 图表分析： I like music that / which I can dance to. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句: that / which I can dance to. 要点二：关系代词的意义与功能 请看例句： The number of people who lost their lives in this earthquake reached 69,107 yesterday. （从句中作主语） Environment is the topic (which / that) they are discussing.（从句中作宾语，可省略） 【收藏夹】 如何选用关系代词呢？关系代词在定语从句中作何成分呢？ 关系代词 在从句中的功能 指代 that 作主语或宾语 指人或物 which 作主语或宾语 指物（可与that互换） who 作主语；在口语或非 正式文体中也常用 作宾语，此时可省略 指人（可与that互换） whom 是who 的宾格, 作宾 语，可省略 指人 whose 是who 的所有格, 作 后面名词的定语 指人或物 定语从句是一种主从复合句，老师在讲述或提炼其用法时，一般都采纳教材的二合一方法，即把两个单句合称为一个主从复合句。如：① This is a factory. ② The factory produces toys. 这两个句子可以合成：This is a factory that(which) produces toys.可是当这个句子在成为一个试题，如This is a factory ______ produces toys时，就会有好多同学填或选where这个错误答案。究其原因，就是因为学生只会简单地了解factory是一个处所名词。 ① This is a factory. (现成句子) ② The factory produces toys. ③ It produces toys. (人称代词用于简单句中) ④ That / which produces toys. (关系代词用于复合句中) ⑤ This is a factory that / which produces toys.(合成) 【例题精讲】 ( ) 1. He is the only student ______ plays table tennis better than Jim. A. why B. where C. that D. which 【析】 C。题干是一个含定语从句的复合句，先行词the only student是人，关系代词在从句中作主语，关系代词that可指代人。 why和where是可引导定语从句的关系副词， why表原因，先行词往往是表示原因的 名词(reason等)， where表地点。 ( ) 2. This is the dictionary ______Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. that D. whom 【析】 A。该定语从句中的先行词the dictionary是物，关系词在从句中作宾语，关系代词which可指代物。关系代词that可指代人 （的），也可指代物 （的），但在从句中常作定语；关系代词whom一般都指代人，在从句中常作宾语。而what不引导定语从句。 ( ) 3. This is the question we are talking about now. A. that B. who C. where D. when 【析】 A。在这里先行词是the question，指物，关系代词that可以指代物，而其他选项不可指代物，因此选A。 ( ) 4. Jack, there is someone in the office ______would like to speak with you A. who B. which C. whom 【析】 A。在这里先行词是someone，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语。关系代词who和whom都可指代人，但whom在从句中充当宾语。而关系代词which一般指代物。 ( ) 5. We know Jackie Chan ______ movies are very popular with the young？ A. whose B. that C. who D. which 【析】 A。该句中先行词是Jackie Chan，关系代词在从句中作定语，选项中只有A项符合题意。 ( ) 6. —The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isn’t it? — Yes, it has built many schools ______those children can study happily. A. where B. when C. which 【析】 A。该句中先行词是many schools，从句中缺少表示地点状语的成分，所以这里需要一个指代地点的关系副词。这三个选项中只有where(在这/那里)符合。关系副词when指代时间，关系代词which虽然可 以指代地点，但不能在从句中作状语。 【课堂练习】 定语从句专项练习 1.Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need. A. what B. who C. whom D. which 2.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom 3.Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind Nancy? A. what B. which C. who D. whom 4.The book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting. A. / B. why C. when D. what 5.I have found some pictures of the most interesting places ________ you can visit during the winter holidays. A. where B. which C. what D. that 6.I’d like to tell you about the table manners ________ you should know when you visit Korea. A. which B. who C. what D. how 7.I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers, ________has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 8.Is oxygen the only gas ________ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 9.Is ________ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 10.---What kind of music do you like? ---I like music ________ has great lyrics. A. that B. what C. who D. whose 11.That is the only thing ________ I bought from the supermarket. A. which B. that C. what D. where 12.The place ________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which 13.The computer ________ last week has gone wrong. A. which I bought it B. I bought C. what I bought D. I bought it 14.That is the poor boy ________ father died in a traffic accident last year. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 15.Do you know the girl ________ is standing under the tree? A. who B. whom C. which D. where 16.Is the woman ________ talked to our teacher yesterday your mother? A. who B. whom C. which D. what 17.The young lady ________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher. A. what B. whose C. whom D. which 18.I like to live in a house ________ is big and bright. A. that B. who C. how D. why 19.I hate people ________ talk much but do little. A. whom B. which C. who D. when 20.I am one of the boys ________never late for school. A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is Keys: 1-5 DACAD 6-10 ADABA 11-15BABCA 16-20 ACACB 【变式练习】 Mr Green, there is someone at the front desk ________ would like to speak with you. A. he B. who C. which D. whom I love the small village ________ I was born. A. that B. which C. where D. whose Here comes the girl ________ handwriting is the best in our class. A. which B. whose C. that D. who My parents usually buy me some simple clothes ________ can last a long time. A. who B. that C. whom D. whose 25.---Is the girl ________ is interviewing the manager of that company your friend? ---Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 26.---Do you know everybody ________ came to the party? ---No, I don’t know the one________ you had a long talk with near the door. A. who;/ B. whose; that C. that; which D. /; whom 27.The boy________ won the first prize is called Roy. A. when B. whom C. who D. which 28.Children like houses ________ are painted in different colours. A. which B. they C. those D. what 29.Do you think most students prefer tests ________ have easy questions? A. who B. where C. that D. it 30. He is one of the experienced engineers in this factory ________ hard work was repaid with the development of the factory. A. where B. whose C. in which D. that 21-25 BCBBC 26-30ACACA
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