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2023-2024学年四川省成都市高一（上）期末英语试卷(含解析）
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这是一份2023-2024学年四川省成都市高一（上）期末英语试卷(含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，阅读表达，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Sprt plays a huge part in Australian culture.Here are sme wnderful sprting events fr travelers frm all ver the wrld.
1.Which event will tennis fans be interested in？ ______
A. Australian Open.B. Melburne Cup.
C. Uluru Camel Cup.D. Wrld Surfing Champinships.
2.In which mnth can we enjy tw different sprting events？ ______
A. January.B. March.C. May.D. Nvember.
3.What's special abut Melburne Cup？ ______
A. It prvides fd.B. It is a public hliday.
C. It lasts fr a weekend.D. It has live perfrmances.
B
I grew up with the same grup f kids frm age 5 t age 12.We lived in the same cmmunity，shared the same schls and experienced all the ups and dwns f that perid.
Then I hit junir high and a whle new wrld pened up t me.It seemed everyne was there，friends frm ftball teams and peple frm the summer wrkshp.They welcmed me，figuring that I had t be cl t knw s many peple.I was a different persn with each new grup f friends and began t distance myself frm the "kindergarten grup".
Hwever，it wasn't lng befre these s-called new friends left me when they fund ut I really wasn't cl enugh t be there.This was ne f the hardest times in my life.I felt alne and was very disappinted in myself.It was then，when I thught I had nwhere else t g，that I tried t make my way back int the "kindergarten grup".I rganized a camp-ut and invited them t cme.I had thught they were ging t be cld and exclude me as I had dne t them.But they all turned up and we just picked up right where we left ff.
There was abslutely n hate，nly cmfrt and an unexpected sense f belnging.They gave me rm t grw and learn my wn lessns，my wn way，in my wn time.
Frm them，I have learned tw things：the type f friends I want，and the type f friend I want t be.We will all cntinue t grw separately tgether，all the while prviding the uncnditinal lve，understanding and supprt nly friends like these are capable f.
4.Hw did the authr feel abut her schl life accrding t Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Shcked.B. Upset.C. Curius.D. Happy.
5.Why did the authr rganize a camp-ut？ ______
A. T make mre friends.
B. T get clse t nature.
C. T aplgize t her friends.
D. T recnnect with her ld friends.
6.What des the underlined wrd "exclude" in Paragraph 3 prbably mean？ ______
A. Cheat.B. Refuse.C. Warn.D. Attack.
7.What can be a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. A Friend in NeedB. My Kindergarten Grup
C. Lessns in FriendshipD. Friends in My New Schl
C
My brther Jack's childhd was cmpletely influenced by his extreme picky eating.Frm three t abut 14，he nly ate chicken，peanut butter，apples，cereal，and sweets.We tried everything in the bk，but nne succeeded.
Hwever，in the past three years，he has gne thrugh an amazing change.Tday，he will eat clse t ten times the types f fds he was willing t try befre.He is even willing t try new things；he cnstantly asks t rder smething different at a restaurant.I've ften wndered what makes a persn change s much.
Thrugh sme research，several factrs cme ut.The first majr player in ur fd preferences is innate（先天的），and it all starts with genetics.As humans，we all are likely t enjy a few particular tastes fr evlutinary（进化的） reasns.
Hwever，genetics aren't the nly factr that explains why we enjy r dislike particular fds.In fact，mst f ur preferences are actually learned，smetimes even befre we are brn.In ne study，mthers regularly drank carrt juice late in the stages f their pregnancy（怀孕）.After birth，these babies tended t enjy carrt-flavred milk mre than ther babies.
Additinally，I believe that smetimes，cultural influences affect yur willingness t try fd.Pssibly，my brther finally gt s sick f having t be the ne wh needed a special rder at a restaurant that he frced himself t try and like thse things he was afraid f.It simply takes time.Peple will learn t adapt and realize their true tastes.An pen mind is a psitive thing，and mst will develp an ever-expanding plate as they age.
8.What d we knw abut Jack's eating habit befre he was 14？ ______
A. He always ate t much.
B. He nly ate certain fds.
C. He had n chance t try new fd.
D. His family changed his eating habits.
9.Which wrd can best describe Jack's change f eating habits？ ______
A. Surprising.B. Scary.C. Dangerus.D. Funny.
10.What des the study n pregnant mthers tell us？ ______
A. Our fd preference can be learned.
B. Genetics influences fd preference.
C. Eating habits can't be changed very easily.
D. Peple enjy certain fds fr evlutinary reasns.
11.What suggestin des the authr make abut eating habits？ ______
A. Keep a healthy lifestyle.B. Stick t what we like.
C. Understand the fd culture.D. Stay pen and try smething new.
D
The Gezhuba Dam is the wrld's largest run-f-river hydrpwer（水力发电） statin and the first large water cntrl prject in the Yangtze River.It will celebrate the 43rd anniversary（周年纪念） f its functining in 2024.Since its functining，nearly 600 billin kilwatt-hurs f electricity has been prduced in ttal.It is the largest water prtectin prject independently designed，cnstructed and perated by China in the 20th century.
Frm the start f cnstructin in 1970 t the functining f the first generatr unit in 1981，t the cmpletin f the whle prject in December 1988，mre than 100，000 hydrpwer specialists frm all ver the cuntry，wh set up base in the wilderness，carrying ples and pushing carts t vercme a series f significant technical prblems，finally cmpleted all the cnstructin tasks with their bld and sweat.
Since its cmpletin，the Gezhuba Dam has safely released mre than 60 flds equal t 45，000 cubic meters per secnd n the Yangtze River，effectively reducing the pressure f dwnstream fld cntrl peratins and helping t prtect the lives and belngings f peple in the middle and lwer reaches f the Yangtze.
"The successful cnstructin and management f the Gezhuba Dam has prvided valuable experience and played a rle in training talent fr the design，cnstructin and peratin f the Three Grges Prject and ther super dams.Practice has prved that the Chinese are able t build and manage large water prjects n the Yangtze River，"Xiang Ke，deputy directr f the Gezhuba Hydrpwer Plant，said，"A new chapter f hydrpwer develpment fr the Chinese peple begins with the Gezhuba Dam，and we will cntinue ur effrts t cntribute t a brighter future in this field."
12.What can we learn abut the Gezhuba Dam？ ______
A. It started t functin in 1991.
B. It is the wrld's largest water cntrl prject.
C. Its cmpletin is achieved withut any freign help.
D. It prduces abut 600 billin kilwatt-hurs f electricity annually.
13.Hw lng did the cnstructin f the Gezhuba Dam take？ ______
A. 7 years.B. 11 years.C. 18 years.D. 43 years.
14.What is intrduced abut the Gezhuba Dam in the last paragraph？ ______
A. The prcess f building it.B. The way t perate it.
C. The reasns fr cnstructing it.D. The significance it has prduced.
15.What is the purpse f the text？ ______
A. T intrduce a famus hydrpwer statin.
B. T explain the functin f the Gezhuba Dam.
C. T present China's determinatin in fld cntrl.
D. T stress the imprtance f water cntrl prjects.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
We can study language change using language crpra（语料库） like the Cambridge English Crpus，which cntains a large cllectin f texts gathered ver many years. （1） ______
Changes in adverbial meaning.A large change in language that we recrded in ur research is the change in terms f frequency（频率） f the adverb "literally"，which in the 2010s was almst ten times mre frequent than in the 1990s，fr example.（2） ______ There has als been a ntable change in meaning with the 2010s seeing much mre metaphrical（比喻的） use f literally than befre e.g."h I literally haven't mved all day".This is imprtant，as if smene had nt mved in the slightest fr a whle day，then we might grw a little wrried fr them.This f curse was nt what the speaker meant.（3） ______
Technlgy.Creativity in language ften assumes creativity in the wider wrld，and technlgy is a great driver f this.Think abut cmpanies like WeChat r WhatsApp，which were funded in 2011 and 2009 respectively.In 2007，if yu were t say "I'll whatsapp yu"，n ne wuld have understd.（4） ______ In fact，in the Nw Crpus there are n examples f the wrd WhatsApp in 2010，while in 2018 there were ver 50，000 examples.
（ 5） ______ The wrd "wicked"，fr example，was riginally used as a negative wrd.But a study shws that in spken British English，wicked is used mre psitively like "well wicked" in the2010s.An imprtant thing t knw is that if smene calls smething wicked，it is nt necessarily bad.
A.Changes in psitive and negative wrds.
B.Changes in the psitin f wrds in a sentence.
C.Rather，the speaker was mst likely t stress a fact.
D.Here are three findings frm the study f such data.
E.Hwever，frequency is nt the nly pint f interest.
F.Frtunately language change is happening all arund us.
G.But nw the frequency f the wrd has increased sharply.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
It was freezing cld last Saturday mrning.Arund 7 a.m.，Mark Andersn heard reprts f a dg lying in the rad in Arrwsic，Maine.When he arrived n the scene，he didn't see anything right away.But after sme mre （1） ______ ，he discvered the dg in a ditch（沟渠），almst （2） ______ t death.
Andersn （3） ______ there seemed t be claw（爪） marks n the ditch，pssibly frm the dg （4） ______ t climb ut.But maybe her paws gt s cld that she gave up.Andersn（5） ______ t carry the dg frm the ditch and （6） ______ her t a nearby rescue center-where the n duty dispatcher（调度员）（ 7） ______ her.
The dispatcher gave the dg blankets and a prtable heater t make her （8） ______ .Then they gave her sme （9） ______ and nce she warmed up，she ate the plate clean.
Trying t find the wner，Andersn then returned t the area where he fund the dg，with （10） ______ dg psters in hand.With great （11） ______ ，he kncked n drs in the area until he eventually （12） ______ the dg's wner，an ld lady called Marie Smith.Accrding t Marie，the dg had （13） ______ the night befre.She was very （14） ______ and stayed awake all night waiting fr her.But thanks t Andersn's rescue （15） ______ ，she managed t reunite with her belved dg.
21.A. waitingB. cnsideratinC. discussinD. search
22.A. thirstyB. frzenC. bredD. frightened
23.A. sensedB. nticedC. heardD. remembered
24.A. learningB. pretendingC. strugglingD. preparing
25.A. managedB. preferredC. intendedD. agreed
26.A. invitedB. ledC. transprtedD. pulled
27.A. lked intB. turned tC. tk inD. cared fr
28.A. warmB. energeticC. relaxedD. peaceful
29.A. medicineB. fdC. clthesD. tys
30.A. lvelyB. prC. lstD. injured
31.A. pleasureB. determinatinC. fearD. shame
32.A. thankedB. interviewedC. influencedD. fund
33.A. escapedB. panickedC. fughtD. hid
34.A. annyedB. embarrassedC. wrriedD. disappinted
35.A. planB. intentinC. arrangementD. effrt
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Imagine biting int a juicy burger that was prduced withut killing animals.Meat grwn in a lab is turning that （1） ______ （imagine） int a reality.Several cmpanies are develping lab-grwn beef，prk，pultry and seafd.And the field is attracting millins in funding.
If widely used，lab-grwn meat，als （2） ______ （call） clean meat，culd reduce much f the cruel treatment f animals （3） ______ are raised fr fd.It culd als reduce the envirnmental csts f meat prductin （4） ______ （great）.
The meat （5） ______ （prduce） by first taking a muscle sample（样本） frm an animal.Scientists cllect stem cells frm the sample and multiply（使繁殖） them t frm mre muscles.It's said that ne muscle sample frm a cw can prduce enugh meat （6） ______ （make） 80，000 hamburgers.
Many cmpanies say they expect t have prducts fr sale within the next few years.But clean meat will have t vercme （7） ______ number f difficulties，such as reducing the cst and prving the safety （8） ______ the meat befre it appears n the market.The gd news is that despite all these （9） ______ （challenge），the clean meat cmpanies are keeping trying.If they can succeed，clean meat culd make ur lifestyle （10） ______ （green） and mre ethical than befre.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、阅读表达：本大题共1小题，共20分。
37.War brke ut in ur huse in late July with less than a mnth t g befre my first day f cllege.It was a battle f wills，my mm's and my wn，ver which schl I was t attend.She wanted me t attend the well-knwn nursing schl t which I was riginally accepted，but I wanted t g t a small，private writing cllege with a student bdy f fewer than 300 students.Every night fr tw weeks，we argued，yelled and gave silent treatments until bth parties went t bed with regrets and frustratins.
It was mstly my fault.Since my junir year f high schl，I had aimed at being a nurse.I tk all the required curses，applied fr nursing schlarships，and even wrked as a vlunteer in my twn's lcal hspital.My gal，r s I tld everyne，was t treat the sick and heal the hurt.
Yet，as graduatin and cllege neared，I gradually fund it was nt what I was meant t d fr the rest f my life.I culd picture myself in prviding wund care，making runds and taking temperatures，but I culdn't picture myself happy.It wasn't the future I wanted.
Then，it dawned n me.I had been creating and writing stries fr as lng as I culd remember.Even at fur years ld，I had my dad write as I tld him the stries I had created.I had written fr my high schl's newspaper and attended a writing camp ver the previus summer.I lved it，and writing was what I had always pictured myself ding as a hbby.Nw，it had becme much mre than a hbby.It was ging t be my career even if the future was uncertain.It had t be.
第一节根据文本内容从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，有两词为多余选项。（每小题1分，共10分）
第二节根据文本内容回答下列问题，词数不限（共10分）。
(1) What did the writer and her mm argue abut？ ______
(2) Why d yu think the writer's mm disagreed with her new idea？ ______
(3) Hw d yu think the writer wuld slve the prblem？ ______
六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共20分。
38.近期你校英文报运动专栏正在向全校征稿，请你以"The Mst Ppular Sprt in the Schl"为题，写一篇短文投稿。
要点包括：
（1）描述受欢迎程度；
（2）分析原因。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
The Mst Ppular Sprt in the Schl_________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Australian Open （January）部分的Hsted in January every year，this tw- week tennis event lights up the city and brings the very best tennis superstars t Melburne alng with thusands f fans and a hst f wrld-class singers.（这项为期两周的网球赛事于每年 1月举办，点亮了这座城市，将最优秀的网球巨星带到墨尔本，成千上万的球迷和一群世界级的歌手）可知，对网球迷将会对澳大利亚网球公开赛感兴趣。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据四项赛事举行的时间，在五月举行的赛事有Wrld Surfing Champinships （March t May）和Uluru Camel Cup （May）可知，在五月可以参加两个不同的体育赛事。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Melburne Cup （Nvember）部分的This ne-day event has becme such a big part f Australian culture that it is nw an fficial public hliday.（这个为期一天的活动已经成为澳大利亚文化的重要组成部分，现在它是一个官方的公共假日。）可知，墨尔本杯的特别之处在于它是官方公共假日。故选 B。
本文是应用文。体育在澳大利亚文化中扮演着重要的角色。文章介绍了一些适合来自世界各地的旅行者精彩的体育赛事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】C、D、B、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Then I hit junir high and a whle new wrld pened up t me.It seemed everyne was there，friends frm ftball teams and peple frm the summer wrkshp.（然后我上了初中，一个全新的世界向我敞开了。似乎每个人都在那里，足球队的朋友和暑期工作坊的人。）可知，作者对学校生活感到好奇。A.Shcked.震惊的；B.Upset.沮丧的；C.Curius.好奇的；D.Happy.高兴的。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段It was then，when I thught I had nwhere else t g，that I tried t make my way back int the "kindergarten grup".I rganized a camp-ut and invited them t cme.（就在那时，当我认为我无处可去时，我试图回到"幼儿园小组"。我组织了一个露营，并邀请他们来。）可知，作者组织露营是为了与她的老朋友重新联系。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段I had thught they were ging t be cld and exclude me as I had dne t them.But they all turned up and we just picked up right where we left ff.（我原以为他们会像我对他们那样冷漠地排斥我。但他们都来了，我们只是从停下来的地方重新开始。）的后半句可知，exclude意为"排除，排斥"。A.Cheat.欺骗；B.Refuse.拒绝；C.Warn.警告；D.Attack.攻击。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。本文介绍了作者5岁到12岁的时候和同一群孩子一起长大，后来上学后，忽视了自己的这帮朋友，后来没有交到新朋友，她重新与她的老朋友联系。这件事让作者从他们那里，学到了两件事：想要什么样的朋友，以及想成为什么样的朋友。A.A Friend in Need需要帮助的朋友；B.My Kindergarten Grup我的幼儿园小组；C.Lessns in Friendship友谊的教训；D.Friends in My New Schl我新学校的朋友。C符合语意。故选C。
我在5岁到12岁的时候和同一群孩子一起长大。我们住在同一个社区，上同一所学校，经历了那个时期的所有起起落落。然后我进入了初中，一个全新的世界向我展开。似乎每个人都在那里，来自橄榄球队的朋友和暑期工作坊的人。他们欢迎我，觉得我一定很酷才认识这么多人。我和每个新的朋友群体都是不同的人，开始疏远"幼儿园的朋友群"。然而，没过多久这些所谓的新朋友发现我并不够酷，就离开了我。这是我生活中最艰难的时期之一。我感到孤独，对自己感到非常失望。就在我以为我无处可去的时候，我试图重新融入"幼儿园的朋友群"。我组织了一个露营活动，邀请他们来参加。我以为他们会对我冷淡，就像我对他们那样。但他们都来了，我们就像从前一样继续了下去。没有任何仇恨，只有舒适和意外的归属感。他们给了我成长和学习自己的教训的空间，以我自己的方式，用我自己的时间。从他们那里，我学到了两件事：我想要什么样的朋友，以及我想成为什么样的朋友。我们将继续共同成长，同时提供只有这样的朋友才能提供的无条件的爱、理解和支持。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】B、A、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段My brther Jack's childhd was cmpletely influenced by his extreme picky eating.Frm three t abut 14，he nly ate chicken，peanut butter，apples，cereal，and sweets.We tried everything in the bk，but nne succeeded.（我弟弟杰克的童年完全受他极端挑食的影响。从3岁到14岁，他只吃鸡肉、花生酱、苹果、麦片和糖果。书上说的我们都试过了，但没有一个成功。）可知，杰克14岁之前的饮食习惯是他只吃某些食物。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Hwever，in the past three years，he has gne thrugh an amazing change.Tday，he will eat clse t ten times the types f fds he was willing t try befre.He is even willing t try new things；he cnstantly asks t rder smething different at a restaurant.I've ften wndered what makes a persn change s much.（然而，在过去的三年里，他经历了一个惊人的变化。今天，他吃的食物种类是他以前愿意尝试的近十倍。他甚至愿意尝试新事物；他在餐馆里总是要求点不同的菜。我经常想知道是什么让一个人改变这么多。）可推知，杰克饮食习惯的改变是令人惊讶的。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Hwever，genetics aren't the nly factr that explains why we enjy r dislike particular fds.In fact，mst f ur preferences are actually learned，smetimes even befre we are brn.In ne study，mthers regularly drank carrt juice late in the stages f their pregnancy （怀孕）.After birth，these babies tended t enjy carrt-flavred milk mre than ther babies.（然而，基因并不是解释我们喜欢或不喜欢某种食物的唯一因素。事实上，我们的大多数偏好都是后天习得的，有时甚至在我们出生前就习得了。在一项研究中，妈妈们在怀孕后期经常喝胡萝卜汁。出生后，这些婴儿往往比其他婴儿更喜欢胡萝卜味的牛奶。）可知，对孕妇的研究告诉我们的食物偏好是可以学习的。故选 A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Additinally，I believe that smetimes，cultural influences affect yur willingness t try fd，Pssibly，my brther finally gt s sick f having t be the ne wh needed a special rder at a restaurant that he frced himself t try and like thse things he was afraid f.It simply takes time.Peple will learn t adapt and realize their true tastes.An pen mind is a psitive thing，and mst will develp an ever-expanding plate as they age.（另外，我相信有时候，文化影响会影响你尝试食物的意愿。可能，我弟弟终于厌倦了在餐馆里做那个需要特别点餐的人，他强迫自己尝试并喜欢上了那些他害怕的东西。这只是需要时间。人们将学会适应并认识到自己真正的品味。开放的心态是一件积极的事情，随着年龄的增长，大多数人的盘子都会不断扩大。）可推知，作者对饮食习惯，认为应该保持开放，尝试新事物。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了作者以弟弟杰克童年的饮食习惯为例，阐明对于饮食习惯，认为应该保持开放，尝试新事物。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】C、C、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的It is the largest water prtectin prject independently designed，cnstructed and perated by China in the 20 century.（它是20世纪中国自主设计、建造和运营的规模最大的水利工程。）可知，葛洲坝是在没有任何外国帮助的情况下完成的。故选C。
（2）数字计算题。根据第二段Frm the start f cnstructin in 1970 t the functining f the first generatr unit in 1981，t the cmpletin f the whle prject in December 1988，mre than 100，000 hydrpwer specialists frm all ver the cuntry，wh set up base in the wilderness，carrying ples and pushing carts t vercme a series f significant technical prblems，finally cmpleted all the cnstructin tasks with their bld and sweat.（从1970年开工建设，到1981年第一台发电机组投入使用，再到1988年12月全线建成，来自全国各地的10万多名水电专家，在荒无人烟的野外扎营，扛杆子、推小车，克服了一系列重大技术难题，最终用血汗完成了各项建设任务。）可知，葛洲坝从1970年开工建设，到1981年第一台发电机组投入使用，再到1988年12月全线建成，共花费18年时间。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段The successful cnstructin and management f the Gezhuba Dam has prvided valuable experience and played a rle in training talent fr the design，cnstructin and peratin f the Three Grges Prject and ther super dams."（葛洲坝大坝的成功建设和管理为三峡工程和其他超级大坝的设计、建设和运营培养了宝贵的经验和人才。）可知，最后一段介绍了葛洲坝工程所产生的意义。故选D。
（4）目的意图题。根据第一段The Gezhuba Dam is the wrld's largest run-f-river hydrpwer （水力发电） statin and the first large water cntrl prject in the Yangtze River.（葛洲坝大坝是世界上最大的顺流水电站，也是长江流域第一个大型水利工程。）可知，本文介绍葛洲坝这个著名的水力发电站。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了葛洲坝的历史、发展和重要作用。
考查说明文。做题时要先通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
16~20.【答案】D、E、C、G、A
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文We can study language change using language crpra（语料库） like the Cambridge English Crpus，which cntains a large cllectin f texts gathered ver many years.（我们可以使用语言语料库来研究语言的变化，比如剑桥英语语料库，它包含了多年来收集的大量文本。）可知，说明我们可以使用语料库来研究语言的变化，下文各段首句说明了语言的变化，选项D"以下是对这些数据的研究得出的三个结论。"符合语境，故选D。
（2）语境衔接题。根据上文A large change in language that we recrded in ur research is the change in terms f frequency（频率） f the adverb "literally"，which in the 2010s was almst ten times mre frequent than in the 1990s，（我们在研究中记录到的一个很大的语言变化是副词"literally"的频率变化，在2010年代，这个频率几乎是90年代的10倍。）举例说明副词频率变化很大，和下文There has als been a ntable change in meaning with the 2010s seeing much mre metaphrical（比喻的） use f literally than befre e.g."h I literally haven't mved all day".（意思也发生了显著变化，201 0年代以来，"literally" 的隐喻用法比以前多了很多，例如"哦，我真的一整天都没动"。）可知，说明了意思也发生了显著的变化，因此推断前后文说明了两件不同的事情，选项E"然而，频率并不是唯一的兴趣点。"符合语境，故选E。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文There has als been a ntable change in meaning with the 2010s seeing much mre metaphrical（比喻的） use f literally than befre e.g."h I literally haven't mved all day".This is imprtant，as if smene had nt mved in the slightest fr a whle day，then we might grw a little wrried fr them.This f curse was nt what the speaker meant.（意思也发生了显著变化，2010年代以来， "literally"的隐喻用法比以前多了很多，例如"哦，我真的一整天都没动"。这一点很重要，就好像有人一整天都没有动过，然后我们可能会有点担心他们。这当然不是说话人的意思。）可知，说明使用这个副词，说话人并非是真的说一整天没有动过，选项C"相反，演讲者更有可能强调一个事实。"符合语境，故选C。
（4）语境衔接题。根据上文In 2007，if yu were t say "I'll WhatsApp yu"，n ne wuld have understd.（ 2007年，如果你说"我会用WhatsApp联系你"，没人会理解。）说明2007年人们还不理解这句话，和下文In fact，in the Nw Crpus there are n examples f the wrd WhatsApp in 2010，while in 2018 there were ver 50，000 examples.（事实上，在Nw语料库中，2010年没有 WhatsApp这个词的例子，而在2018年有超过5万个例子。）可知，说明人们越来越经常使用这个词，选项G"但现在这个词的频率急剧增加。"符合语境，故选G。
（5）联系上文题。根据下文The wrd "wicked"，fr example，was riginally used as a negative wrd.But a study shws that in spken British English，wicked is used mre psitively like "well wicked" in the2010s.An imprtant thing t knw is that if smene calls smething wicked，it is nt necessarily bad.（例如，"wicked"这个词最初是一个贬义词。但一项研究表明，在21世纪10年代的英式口语中，wicked的用法更积极，比如"well wicked"。要知道的重要一点是，如果有人说某事wicked。这并不一定是坏事。）可知，说明本段讲述词汇的积极性和消极词性有所变化，选项A"积极词汇和消极词汇的变化。"符合语境，故选A。
这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了语言随着时代在三个不同方面的改变。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】D、B、B、C、A、C、D、A、B、C、B、D、A、C、D
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.waiting等待；B.cnsideratin考虑；C.discussin讨论；D.search搜索。句意：但是经过一些搜寻工作后，他在一条沟里找到了这条狗，差点被冻死。根据上文"he didn't see anything right away"（他当时啥也没看到）可知，他一开始没有发现狗在哪里，需要搜索一番才能找到，故选D。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.thirsty渴的；B.frzen冻坏的；C.bred无聊的；D.frightened害怕的。句意：但是经过一些搜寻工作后，他在一条沟里找到了这条狗，差点被冻死。根据第一句"It was freezing cld last Saturday mrning"（周六早上寒风刺骨）可知，早上是非常冷的，所以这只小狗过了一晚也是很冷的，frzen t death，意为"冻死"。故选B。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.sensed感觉到；B.nticed注意到；C.heard听到；D.remembered想起来。句意：安德森发现在水沟的边缘有爪子抓挠的痕迹，可能是这条狗挣扎着爬出来时留下的。根据下文"there seemed t be claw （爪） marks n the ditch"可知，安德森看到小狗后顺便注意到水沟边缘都是爪痕，其它三个选项无法正确理解，故选B。
（4）考查名动及语境理解。A.learning学习；B.pretending假装；C.struggling挣扎；D.preparing准备。句意：安德森发现在水沟的边缘有爪子抓挠的痕迹，可能是这条狗挣扎着爬出来时留下的。根据上一题"claw （爪） marks n the ditch"可知，它挣扎过很多次了，故选C。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.managed设法做成；B.preferred倾向于；C.intended意图做；D.agreed同意。句意：安德森设法把这条狗从水沟里拉了出来，并且把它转移到了附近的一个救助中心，在那里值班的调度员会照顾她。根据下文"transprt her t a nearby rescue center"可知，安德森设法成功地把小狗从沟里拉了出来并送到了附近的救助站，故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.invited邀请；B.led引导；C.transprted运输，搬运；D.pulled拉。句意：安德森设法把这条狗从水沟里拉了出来，并且把它转移到了附近的一个救助中心，在那里值班的调度员会照顾她。根据下文"transprt her t a nearby rescue center"可知，安德森把小狗拉出来后送去了附近的救助中心，transprt意思是"运输，搬运"，也就是把小狗转移走了，符合题意，故选C。
（7）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lked int调查；B.turned t转向；C.tk in吸收，收留；D.cared fr照顾。句意：安德森设法把这条狗从水沟里拉了出来，并且把它转移到了附近的一个救助中心，在那里值班的调度员会照顾她。根据下文"The dispatcher gave the dg blankets and a prtable heater t make her warm"（调度员给了小狗一条毯子和一个便携发热器以保持温暖）可知，调度员会照顾它的，故选D。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.warm温暖的；B.energetic有活力的；C.relaxed放松的；D.peaceful和平的。句意：调度员给了小狗一条毯子和一个便携发热器以保持温暖。根据上文"prtable heater"可知，小狗冻了一晚上，当务之急是先暖和起来，故选A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.medicine药品；B.fd食物；C.clthes衣服；D.tys玩具。句意：然后调度员给了小狗一些食物，等到小狗暖和过来之后，就把盘子里的食物全部吃光了。根据下文"she ate the plate clean"（它把盘子吃光了）可知，调度员给了它一些食物，故选B。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.lvely可爱的；B.pr可怜的；C.lst丢失的；D.injured受伤的。句意：安德森想要找到主人，于是他回到了找到小狗的地方，手里拿着走失小狗的海报。根据上文"Mark Andersn heard reprts f a dg lying in the rad in Arrwsic."（马克安德森从新闻上听到Arrwsic的路边躺着一只小狗）可知，新闻报道有只小狗在路边躺着，说明它已经走失了，故选C。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.pleasure乐趣；B.determinatin决心；C.fear恐惧；D.shame耻辱。句意：他怀着巨大的决心，在这一片区域逐一敲门，最终找到了小狗的主人，是一位叫做Marie Smith老太太。根据下文"he kncked n drs in the area until he eventually fund the dg's wner"（他逐一敲门直到最终找到了狗主人）可知，他能挨个敲门，是怀着巨大决心的，故选B。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.thanked感谢；B.interviewed采访；C.influenced影响；D.fund找到。句意：他怀着巨大的决心，在这一片区域逐一敲门，最终找到了小狗的主人，是一位叫做Marie Smith老太太。根据下文"an ld lady called Marie Smith"可知，狗主人是一位老太太，说明他最终找到了狗主人，故选D。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.escaped逃跑；B.panicked惊慌；C.fught打架；D.hid躲藏。句意：根据Marie所说，这只小狗在前天晚上逃出去了。根据上文"Mark Andersn heard reprts f a dg lying in the rad in Arrwsic."（马克安德森从新闻上听到Arrwsic的路边躺着一只小狗）可知，小狗已经走丢了，肯定是晚上从家里跑出去了，也就是"逃跑了"，故选A。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.annyed烦恼的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.wrried担忧的；D.disappinted失望的。句意：她非常担心，整夜未眠，等着小狗回家。根据下文"stayed awake all night"可知，狗主人是很担心的，故选C。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.plan计划；B.intentin意图；C.arrangement安排；D.effrt努力。句意：但是多亏了安德森的努力，她终于可以和自己心爱的小狗团聚。根据上文"With great determinatin"可知，安德森为了找到狗主人怀着巨大决心，同时为了救助小狗是付出了巨大努力的，故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一名叫Mark Andersn的好心人在一个冰冷的早上救下了一条差点被冻死的小狗，并通过努力找到主人的暖心故事。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】imaginatin
【小题2】called
【小题3】which/that
【小题4】greatly
【小题5】is prduced
【小题6】t make
【小题7】a
【小题8】f
【小题9】challenges
【小题10】greener
【解析】（1）考查不可数名词。句意：实验室里培育的肉类正在将这种想象变成现实。根据that可知横线处用名词，imaginatin是不可数名词。故填imaginatin。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：如果广泛使用，实验室培育的肉，也称为人造肉，可以减少对饲养动物的残酷对待。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词culd reduce，所以横线处的动词作非谓语，逻辑主语lab-grwn meat与call之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填called。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：如果广泛使用，实验室培育的肉，也称为人造肉，可以减少对饲养动物的残酷对待。分析句子可知横线处引导定语从句，修饰指物的先行词animals，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。
（4）考查副词。句意：它还可以大大降低肉类生产的环境成本。分析句子可知横线处用副词作状语修饰谓语动词culd reduce。故填greatly。
（5）考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这种肉是通过首先从动物身上采集肌肉样本来生产的。分析句子可知横线处作句子谓语。根据上下文可知本句用一般现在时，句子主语The meat与prduce之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为不可数名词，所以助动词用is。故填 is prduced。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：据说，一头牛的一个肌肉样本可以生产出足够制作80000个汉堡的肉。分析句子可知横线处用动词不定式作meat的后置定语。故填t make。
（7）考查不定冠词。句意：但人造肉类必须克服许多困难，例如降低成本，并在其上市前证明其安全性。a number f"大量，许多"是固定短语，故填a。
（8）考查介词。句意：但人造肉类必须克服许多困难，例如降低成本，并在其上市前证明其安全性。分析句子可知横线处用介词f构成前后两个名词的所属关系。故填f。
（9）考查可数名词复数。句意：好消息是，尽管面临这些挑战，人造肉类公司仍在继续努力。根据these可知横线处用可数名词复数。故填challenges。
（10）考查形容词比较级。句意：如果他们能成功，清洁肉类可以使我们的生活方式比以前更环保、更合乎道德。分析句子可知横线处与mre ethical是并列宾语补足语，所以横线处用形容词比较极。故填greener。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍现在一些公司正在开发实验室培育的牛肉、猪肉、家禽和海鲜等人造肉。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
37.【答案】【小题1】attended
【小题2】preparatins
【小题3】gal
【解析】（1）考查动词。句意：在高中，我参加了所有的必修课，并为成为一名护士做了所有的准备。根据第二段中Since my junir year f high schl，I had aimed at being a nurse.I tk all the required curses，applied fr nursing schlarships，and even wrked as a vlunteer in my twn's lcal hspital. （从高中第一年起，我就立志成为一名护士。我修完了所有的必修课，申请了护理奖学金，甚至还在镇上的当地医院做了志愿者。）可知，这里讲的是作者参加了所有的必修课。由此可知，空格处应为动词attend的过去时attended"出席"，满足句意要求。故填attended。
（2）考查名词。句意：在高中，我参加了所有的必修课，并为成为一名护士做了所有的准备。根据第二段中Since my junir year f high schl，I had aimed at being a nurse.I tk all the required curses，applied fr nursing schlarships，and even wrked as a vlunteer in my twn's lcal hspital. （从高中第一年起，我就立志成为一名护士。我修完了所有的必修课，申请了护理奖学金，甚至还在镇上的当地医院做了志愿者。）可知，这里讲的是作者为成为一名护士做了所有的准备。由此可知，空格处应为名词preparatin的复数形式preparatins"准备"，满足句意要求。故填preparatins。
（3）考查名词。句意：我相信我的目标是治愈病人。根据第二段中My gal，r s I tld everyne，was t treat the sick and heal the hurt. （我的目标，或者说我告诉所有人的，是治疗病患，治愈伤痛。）可知，这里讲的是作者的目标是治愈病人。由此可知，空格处应为名词gal"目标"，满足句意要求。故填gal。
（4）考查动词。句意：随着毕业的临近，我发现我将来不会喜欢做护理工作。根据第三段中Yet，as graduatin and cllege neared，I gradually fund it was nt what I was meant t d fr the rest f my life. （然而，随着毕业和大学的临近，我逐渐发现这并不是我打算在余生中做的事情。）可知，这里讲的是作者随着毕业的临近，发现将来不会喜欢做护理工作。由此可知，空格处应为动词apprach的过去时apprached"接近，临近"，满足句意要求。故填apprached。
（5）考查形容词。句意：随着毕业的临近，我发现我将来不会喜欢做护理工作。根据第三段中I culd picture myself in prviding wund care，making runds and taking temperatures，but I culdn't picture myself happy. （我可以想象自己照顾伤口、巡视、量体温的情景，但我无法想象自己是快乐的。）可知，这里讲的是作者发现将来做护理工作不会开心。由此可知，空格处应为形容词happy"快乐的"，满足句意要求。故填happy。
（6）考查名词。句意：我决定不做护士了。根据第三段中It wasn't the future I wanted. （不是我想要的未来。）可知，这里讲的是作者决定不做护士了。由此可知，空格处应为名词nurse"护士"，满足句意要求。故填nurse。
（7）考查动词。句意：然后，我开始意识到我一直都很喜欢写作，而且写得很好。根据第四段中Then，it dawned n me.I had been creating and writing stries fr as lng as I culd remember.Even at fur years ld，I had my dad write as I tld him the stries I had created. （然后，我明白了。从记事起，我就一直在创作和写故事。甚至在我四岁的时候，我就让父亲写我创作的故事给他听。）可知，这里讲的是作者意识到自己一直都很喜欢写作，而且写得很好。由此可知，空格处应为动词realize"意识到"，满足句意要求。故填realize。
（8）考查名词。句意：我决心把写作作为我的事业。根据第四段中Nw，it had becme much mre than a hbby.It was ging t be my career even if the future was uncertain. （现在，它已经不仅仅是一种爱好了。这将是我的事业，即使未来是不确定的。）可知，这里讲的是作者决心把写作作为自己的事业。由此可知，空格处应为名词career"事业"，满足句意要求。故填career。
（9）考查名词。句意：7月下旬，我告诉妈妈我想去一所写作学院，而不是著名的护理学校。根据第一段中She wanted me t attend the well-knwn nursing schl t which I was riginally accepted，but I wanted t g t a small，private writing cllege with a student bdy f fewer than 300 students. （她想让我去一所著名的护理学校，我最初是被那所学校录取的，但我想去一所学生人数不到300人的小型私立写作学院。）可知，这里讲的是作者告诉妈妈想去一所写作学院，而不是著名的护理学校。由此可知，空格处应为write的名词形式writing"写作"，满足句意要求。故填writing。
（10）考查动词。句意：我妈妈不同意我的意见，我们经常争吵。根据第一段中Every night fr tw weeks，we argued，yelled and gave silent treatments until bth parties went t bed with regrets and frustratins. （连续两周的每个晚上，我们都争吵、大吼大叫，互相沉默，直到双方都带着遗憾和沮丧上床睡觉。）可知，这里讲的是作者妈妈不同意作者的意见，经常争吵。由此可知，空格处应为argue的过去时argued"争吵"，满足句意要求。故填argued。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中War brke ut in ur huse in late July with less than a mnth t g befre my first day f cllege.It was a battle f wills，my mm's and my wn，ver which schl I was t attend.She wanted me t attend the well-knwn nursing schl t which I was riginally accepted，but I wanted t g t a small，private writing cllege with a student bdy f fewer than 300 students. （7月下旬，离我上大学还有不到一个月的时候，我们家爆发了战争。我到底该上哪所学校，这是一场意志的较量，是我妈妈和我自己的意志。她想让我去一所著名的护理学校，我最初是被那所学校录取的，但我想去一所学生人数不到300人的小型私立写作学院。）可知，作者和她妈妈争论作者应该上哪所大学。故答案为They argued abut which cllege the writer shuld attend.
（2）开放性试题。言之有理即可。根据文章大意可知，作者的妈妈不同意她的新想法，可能是因为也许她不想让作者的所有努力付诸东流，担心作者没有想清楚。故答案为Maybe she didn't want all the effrts the writer had made t be wasted and wrried that the writer didn't think it thrugh. /Maybe she thught the writing cllege was unreliable and the future f being a writer was uncertain.
（3）开放性试题。言之有理即可。根据文章大意以及结合作者遇到的问题可知，我认为作者解决这个问题的方法是她可以和妈妈坦诚地交谈，或者写信给妈妈，解释她改变主意的原因，展示她对写作的热情和能力。故答案为She culd have an hnest talk with r write a letter t her mm，explaining the reasns why she changed her mind，shwing her enthusiasm abut writing and her ability in it.
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和妈妈在选择专业时意见不一致，在作者的努力下终于和解。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
38.【答案】The Mst Ppular Sprt in the SchlBasketball is the mst ppular sprt in ur schl.Yu can always see students n the basketball curt after schl.It's a hit amng students fr a cuple f straightfrward reasns.（话题）
Firstly，basketball is just exciting.Shting，and scring all happen in a flash，keeping everyne hked.Plus，being a team sprt，it builds strng bnds and teamwrk amng players，adding t its appeal.（描述受欢迎程度）
What makes it even better is that ur schl makes it easy t play.【高分句型一】With well-kept curts and fun turnaments，basketball is super accessible.The schl has made sure that students can easily jump in and enjy the game.（描述受欢迎程度）
In a nutshell，basketball's ppularity cmes dwn t its fast-paced fun，team spirit，and hw easy it is t get int.It's nt just a sprt.It's the glue that bring us all tgether.【高分句型二】（总结）
【解析】高分句型一：What makes it even better is that ur schl makes it easy t play.
译文：更棒的是，我们学校让它更容易玩。
分析：这句话使用了what引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句。
高分句型二：It's the glue that bring us all tgether.
译文：这是把我们团结在一起的胶水。
分析：这句话使用了that引导的限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。Australian Open （January）
The Australian Open is perhaps ne f the cuntry's mst prized events and biggest summer parties.Hsted in January every year，this tw- week tennis event lights up the city and brings the very best tennis superstars t Melburne alng with thusands f fans and a hst f wrld-class singers.
Wrd Surfing Champinships （March t May）
While summer brings warmer waters ，Australia's autumn cmes with the Wrld Surfing Champinships.Acrss the men's and wmen's turnaments（锦标赛），fans can see their favurite players trying their best acrss a series f events in the surfing capital f Australia，the Gld Cast.
Uluru Camel Cup （May）
If yu're lking fr a special Australian event，dn't miss the Uluru Camel Cup.It's all abut a camels' race t find the fastest camel in Australia.There are several activities that take place ver the weekend with delicius fd，live music and entertainment.Yu als have a chance t bet n yur favurite camel.
Melburne Cup （Nvember）
The Melburne Cup is the cuntry's mst famus hrse race，which is called" The Race That Stps A Natin".It's nt all abut the racing hwever，with fashin shws，music，and the best selectins f fd.This ne-day event has becme such a big part f Australian culture that it is nw an fficial public hliday.
write nurse attend like preparatin argue
gal career realize happy apprach angry
In high schl，I （1） ______ all the required curses and made all（2） ______ I culd fr being a nurse.
→
I believed it was my（3） ______ t heal the sick.
↓
↓
As graduatin（4） ______ ，I fund that I wuldn't be（5） ______ ding nursing care in the future.
→
I decided nt t be a（6） ______ .
↓
↓
Then，I started t（7） ______ that I'd been always lving writing and ding it well.
→
I was determined t make writing my（8） ______
↓
↓
In late July，I tld my mm I wanted t g t a（9） ______ cllege instead f the famus nursing schl.
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My mm disagreed with me and we（10） ______ a lt.
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Sprt plays a huge part in Australian culture.Here are sme wnderful sprting events fr travelers frm all ver the wrld.
1.Which event will tennis fans be interested in？ ______
A. Australian Open.B. Melburne Cup.
C. Uluru Camel Cup.D. Wrld Surfing Champinships.
2.In which mnth can we enjy tw different sprting events？ ______
A. January.B. March.C. May.D. Nvember.
3.What's special abut Melburne Cup？ ______
A. It prvides fd.B. It is a public hliday.
C. It lasts fr a weekend.D. It has live perfrmances.
B
I grew up with the same grup f kids frm age 5 t age 12.We lived in the same cmmunity，shared the same schls and experienced all the ups and dwns f that perid.
Then I hit junir high and a whle new wrld pened up t me.It seemed everyne was there，friends frm ftball teams and peple frm the summer wrkshp.They welcmed me，figuring that I had t be cl t knw s many peple.I was a different persn with each new grup f friends and began t distance myself frm the "kindergarten grup".
Hwever，it wasn't lng befre these s-called new friends left me when they fund ut I really wasn't cl enugh t be there.This was ne f the hardest times in my life.I felt alne and was very disappinted in myself.It was then，when I thught I had nwhere else t g，that I tried t make my way back int the "kindergarten grup".I rganized a camp-ut and invited them t cme.I had thught they were ging t be cld and exclude me as I had dne t them.But they all turned up and we just picked up right where we left ff.
There was abslutely n hate，nly cmfrt and an unexpected sense f belnging.They gave me rm t grw and learn my wn lessns，my wn way，in my wn time.
Frm them，I have learned tw things：the type f friends I want，and the type f friend I want t be.We will all cntinue t grw separately tgether，all the while prviding the uncnditinal lve，understanding and supprt nly friends like these are capable f.
4.Hw did the authr feel abut her schl life accrding t Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Shcked.B. Upset.C. Curius.D. Happy.
5.Why did the authr rganize a camp-ut？ ______
A. T make mre friends.
B. T get clse t nature.
C. T aplgize t her friends.
D. T recnnect with her ld friends.
6.What des the underlined wrd "exclude" in Paragraph 3 prbably mean？ ______
A. Cheat.B. Refuse.C. Warn.D. Attack.
7.What can be a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. A Friend in NeedB. My Kindergarten Grup
C. Lessns in FriendshipD. Friends in My New Schl
C
My brther Jack's childhd was cmpletely influenced by his extreme picky eating.Frm three t abut 14，he nly ate chicken，peanut butter，apples，cereal，and sweets.We tried everything in the bk，but nne succeeded.
Hwever，in the past three years，he has gne thrugh an amazing change.Tday，he will eat clse t ten times the types f fds he was willing t try befre.He is even willing t try new things；he cnstantly asks t rder smething different at a restaurant.I've ften wndered what makes a persn change s much.
Thrugh sme research，several factrs cme ut.The first majr player in ur fd preferences is innate（先天的），and it all starts with genetics.As humans，we all are likely t enjy a few particular tastes fr evlutinary（进化的） reasns.
Hwever，genetics aren't the nly factr that explains why we enjy r dislike particular fds.In fact，mst f ur preferences are actually learned，smetimes even befre we are brn.In ne study，mthers regularly drank carrt juice late in the stages f their pregnancy（怀孕）.After birth，these babies tended t enjy carrt-flavred milk mre than ther babies.
Additinally，I believe that smetimes，cultural influences affect yur willingness t try fd.Pssibly，my brther finally gt s sick f having t be the ne wh needed a special rder at a restaurant that he frced himself t try and like thse things he was afraid f.It simply takes time.Peple will learn t adapt and realize their true tastes.An pen mind is a psitive thing，and mst will develp an ever-expanding plate as they age.
8.What d we knw abut Jack's eating habit befre he was 14？ ______
A. He always ate t much.
B. He nly ate certain fds.
C. He had n chance t try new fd.
D. His family changed his eating habits.
9.Which wrd can best describe Jack's change f eating habits？ ______
A. Surprising.B. Scary.C. Dangerus.D. Funny.
10.What des the study n pregnant mthers tell us？ ______
A. Our fd preference can be learned.
B. Genetics influences fd preference.
C. Eating habits can't be changed very easily.
D. Peple enjy certain fds fr evlutinary reasns.
11.What suggestin des the authr make abut eating habits？ ______
A. Keep a healthy lifestyle.B. Stick t what we like.
C. Understand the fd culture.D. Stay pen and try smething new.
D
The Gezhuba Dam is the wrld's largest run-f-river hydrpwer（水力发电） statin and the first large water cntrl prject in the Yangtze River.It will celebrate the 43rd anniversary（周年纪念） f its functining in 2024.Since its functining，nearly 600 billin kilwatt-hurs f electricity has been prduced in ttal.It is the largest water prtectin prject independently designed，cnstructed and perated by China in the 20th century.
Frm the start f cnstructin in 1970 t the functining f the first generatr unit in 1981，t the cmpletin f the whle prject in December 1988，mre than 100，000 hydrpwer specialists frm all ver the cuntry，wh set up base in the wilderness，carrying ples and pushing carts t vercme a series f significant technical prblems，finally cmpleted all the cnstructin tasks with their bld and sweat.
Since its cmpletin，the Gezhuba Dam has safely released mre than 60 flds equal t 45，000 cubic meters per secnd n the Yangtze River，effectively reducing the pressure f dwnstream fld cntrl peratins and helping t prtect the lives and belngings f peple in the middle and lwer reaches f the Yangtze.
"The successful cnstructin and management f the Gezhuba Dam has prvided valuable experience and played a rle in training talent fr the design，cnstructin and peratin f the Three Grges Prject and ther super dams.Practice has prved that the Chinese are able t build and manage large water prjects n the Yangtze River，"Xiang Ke，deputy directr f the Gezhuba Hydrpwer Plant，said，"A new chapter f hydrpwer develpment fr the Chinese peple begins with the Gezhuba Dam，and we will cntinue ur effrts t cntribute t a brighter future in this field."
12.What can we learn abut the Gezhuba Dam？ ______
A. It started t functin in 1991.
B. It is the wrld's largest water cntrl prject.
C. Its cmpletin is achieved withut any freign help.
D. It prduces abut 600 billin kilwatt-hurs f electricity annually.
13.Hw lng did the cnstructin f the Gezhuba Dam take？ ______
A. 7 years.B. 11 years.C. 18 years.D. 43 years.
14.What is intrduced abut the Gezhuba Dam in the last paragraph？ ______
A. The prcess f building it.B. The way t perate it.
C. The reasns fr cnstructing it.D. The significance it has prduced.
15.What is the purpse f the text？ ______
A. T intrduce a famus hydrpwer statin.
B. T explain the functin f the Gezhuba Dam.
C. T present China's determinatin in fld cntrl.
D. T stress the imprtance f water cntrl prjects.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
We can study language change using language crpra（语料库） like the Cambridge English Crpus，which cntains a large cllectin f texts gathered ver many years. （1） ______
Changes in adverbial meaning.A large change in language that we recrded in ur research is the change in terms f frequency（频率） f the adverb "literally"，which in the 2010s was almst ten times mre frequent than in the 1990s，fr example.（2） ______ There has als been a ntable change in meaning with the 2010s seeing much mre metaphrical（比喻的） use f literally than befre e.g."h I literally haven't mved all day".This is imprtant，as if smene had nt mved in the slightest fr a whle day，then we might grw a little wrried fr them.This f curse was nt what the speaker meant.（3） ______
Technlgy.Creativity in language ften assumes creativity in the wider wrld，and technlgy is a great driver f this.Think abut cmpanies like WeChat r WhatsApp，which were funded in 2011 and 2009 respectively.In 2007，if yu were t say "I'll whatsapp yu"，n ne wuld have understd.（4） ______ In fact，in the Nw Crpus there are n examples f the wrd WhatsApp in 2010，while in 2018 there were ver 50，000 examples.
（ 5） ______ The wrd "wicked"，fr example，was riginally used as a negative wrd.But a study shws that in spken British English，wicked is used mre psitively like "well wicked" in the2010s.An imprtant thing t knw is that if smene calls smething wicked，it is nt necessarily bad.
A.Changes in psitive and negative wrds.
B.Changes in the psitin f wrds in a sentence.
C.Rather，the speaker was mst likely t stress a fact.
D.Here are three findings frm the study f such data.
E.Hwever，frequency is nt the nly pint f interest.
F.Frtunately language change is happening all arund us.
G.But nw the frequency f the wrd has increased sharply.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
It was freezing cld last Saturday mrning.Arund 7 a.m.，Mark Andersn heard reprts f a dg lying in the rad in Arrwsic，Maine.When he arrived n the scene，he didn't see anything right away.But after sme mre （1） ______ ，he discvered the dg in a ditch（沟渠），almst （2） ______ t death.
Andersn （3） ______ there seemed t be claw（爪） marks n the ditch，pssibly frm the dg （4） ______ t climb ut.But maybe her paws gt s cld that she gave up.Andersn（5） ______ t carry the dg frm the ditch and （6） ______ her t a nearby rescue center-where the n duty dispatcher（调度员）（ 7） ______ her.
The dispatcher gave the dg blankets and a prtable heater t make her （8） ______ .Then they gave her sme （9） ______ and nce she warmed up，she ate the plate clean.
Trying t find the wner，Andersn then returned t the area where he fund the dg，with （10） ______ dg psters in hand.With great （11） ______ ，he kncked n drs in the area until he eventually （12） ______ the dg's wner，an ld lady called Marie Smith.Accrding t Marie，the dg had （13） ______ the night befre.She was very （14） ______ and stayed awake all night waiting fr her.But thanks t Andersn's rescue （15） ______ ，she managed t reunite with her belved dg.
21.A. waitingB. cnsideratinC. discussinD. search
22.A. thirstyB. frzenC. bredD. frightened
23.A. sensedB. nticedC. heardD. remembered
24.A. learningB. pretendingC. strugglingD. preparing
25.A. managedB. preferredC. intendedD. agreed
26.A. invitedB. ledC. transprtedD. pulled
27.A. lked intB. turned tC. tk inD. cared fr
28.A. warmB. energeticC. relaxedD. peaceful
29.A. medicineB. fdC. clthesD. tys
30.A. lvelyB. prC. lstD. injured
31.A. pleasureB. determinatinC. fearD. shame
32.A. thankedB. interviewedC. influencedD. fund
33.A. escapedB. panickedC. fughtD. hid
34.A. annyedB. embarrassedC. wrriedD. disappinted
35.A. planB. intentinC. arrangementD. effrt
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Imagine biting int a juicy burger that was prduced withut killing animals.Meat grwn in a lab is turning that （1） ______ （imagine） int a reality.Several cmpanies are develping lab-grwn beef，prk，pultry and seafd.And the field is attracting millins in funding.
If widely used，lab-grwn meat，als （2） ______ （call） clean meat，culd reduce much f the cruel treatment f animals （3） ______ are raised fr fd.It culd als reduce the envirnmental csts f meat prductin （4） ______ （great）.
The meat （5） ______ （prduce） by first taking a muscle sample（样本） frm an animal.Scientists cllect stem cells frm the sample and multiply（使繁殖） them t frm mre muscles.It's said that ne muscle sample frm a cw can prduce enugh meat （6） ______ （make） 80，000 hamburgers.
Many cmpanies say they expect t have prducts fr sale within the next few years.But clean meat will have t vercme （7） ______ number f difficulties，such as reducing the cst and prving the safety （8） ______ the meat befre it appears n the market.The gd news is that despite all these （9） ______ （challenge），the clean meat cmpanies are keeping trying.If they can succeed，clean meat culd make ur lifestyle （10） ______ （green） and mre ethical than befre.
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五、阅读表达：本大题共1小题，共20分。
37.War brke ut in ur huse in late July with less than a mnth t g befre my first day f cllege.It was a battle f wills，my mm's and my wn，ver which schl I was t attend.She wanted me t attend the well-knwn nursing schl t which I was riginally accepted，but I wanted t g t a small，private writing cllege with a student bdy f fewer than 300 students.Every night fr tw weeks，we argued，yelled and gave silent treatments until bth parties went t bed with regrets and frustratins.
It was mstly my fault.Since my junir year f high schl，I had aimed at being a nurse.I tk all the required curses，applied fr nursing schlarships，and even wrked as a vlunteer in my twn's lcal hspital.My gal，r s I tld everyne，was t treat the sick and heal the hurt.
Yet，as graduatin and cllege neared，I gradually fund it was nt what I was meant t d fr the rest f my life.I culd picture myself in prviding wund care，making runds and taking temperatures，but I culdn't picture myself happy.It wasn't the future I wanted.
Then，it dawned n me.I had been creating and writing stries fr as lng as I culd remember.Even at fur years ld，I had my dad write as I tld him the stries I had created.I had written fr my high schl's newspaper and attended a writing camp ver the previus summer.I lved it，and writing was what I had always pictured myself ding as a hbby.Nw，it had becme much mre than a hbby.It was ging t be my career even if the future was uncertain.It had t be.
第一节根据文本内容从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，有两词为多余选项。（每小题1分，共10分）
第二节根据文本内容回答下列问题，词数不限（共10分）。
(1) What did the writer and her mm argue abut？ ______
(2) Why d yu think the writer's mm disagreed with her new idea？ ______
(3) Hw d yu think the writer wuld slve the prblem？ ______
六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共20分。
38.近期你校英文报运动专栏正在向全校征稿，请你以"The Mst Ppular Sprt in the Schl"为题，写一篇短文投稿。
要点包括：
（1）描述受欢迎程度；
（2）分析原因。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
The Mst Ppular Sprt in the Schl_________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Australian Open （January）部分的Hsted in January every year，this tw- week tennis event lights up the city and brings the very best tennis superstars t Melburne alng with thusands f fans and a hst f wrld-class singers.（这项为期两周的网球赛事于每年 1月举办，点亮了这座城市，将最优秀的网球巨星带到墨尔本，成千上万的球迷和一群世界级的歌手）可知，对网球迷将会对澳大利亚网球公开赛感兴趣。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据四项赛事举行的时间，在五月举行的赛事有Wrld Surfing Champinships （March t May）和Uluru Camel Cup （May）可知，在五月可以参加两个不同的体育赛事。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Melburne Cup （Nvember）部分的This ne-day event has becme such a big part f Australian culture that it is nw an fficial public hliday.（这个为期一天的活动已经成为澳大利亚文化的重要组成部分，现在它是一个官方的公共假日。）可知，墨尔本杯的特别之处在于它是官方公共假日。故选 B。
本文是应用文。体育在澳大利亚文化中扮演着重要的角色。文章介绍了一些适合来自世界各地的旅行者精彩的体育赛事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】C、D、B、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Then I hit junir high and a whle new wrld pened up t me.It seemed everyne was there，friends frm ftball teams and peple frm the summer wrkshp.（然后我上了初中，一个全新的世界向我敞开了。似乎每个人都在那里，足球队的朋友和暑期工作坊的人。）可知，作者对学校生活感到好奇。A.Shcked.震惊的；B.Upset.沮丧的；C.Curius.好奇的；D.Happy.高兴的。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段It was then，when I thught I had nwhere else t g，that I tried t make my way back int the "kindergarten grup".I rganized a camp-ut and invited them t cme.（就在那时，当我认为我无处可去时，我试图回到"幼儿园小组"。我组织了一个露营，并邀请他们来。）可知，作者组织露营是为了与她的老朋友重新联系。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段I had thught they were ging t be cld and exclude me as I had dne t them.But they all turned up and we just picked up right where we left ff.（我原以为他们会像我对他们那样冷漠地排斥我。但他们都来了，我们只是从停下来的地方重新开始。）的后半句可知，exclude意为"排除，排斥"。A.Cheat.欺骗；B.Refuse.拒绝；C.Warn.警告；D.Attack.攻击。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。本文介绍了作者5岁到12岁的时候和同一群孩子一起长大，后来上学后，忽视了自己的这帮朋友，后来没有交到新朋友，她重新与她的老朋友联系。这件事让作者从他们那里，学到了两件事：想要什么样的朋友，以及想成为什么样的朋友。A.A Friend in Need需要帮助的朋友；B.My Kindergarten Grup我的幼儿园小组；C.Lessns in Friendship友谊的教训；D.Friends in My New Schl我新学校的朋友。C符合语意。故选C。
我在5岁到12岁的时候和同一群孩子一起长大。我们住在同一个社区，上同一所学校，经历了那个时期的所有起起落落。然后我进入了初中，一个全新的世界向我展开。似乎每个人都在那里，来自橄榄球队的朋友和暑期工作坊的人。他们欢迎我，觉得我一定很酷才认识这么多人。我和每个新的朋友群体都是不同的人，开始疏远"幼儿园的朋友群"。然而，没过多久这些所谓的新朋友发现我并不够酷，就离开了我。这是我生活中最艰难的时期之一。我感到孤独，对自己感到非常失望。就在我以为我无处可去的时候，我试图重新融入"幼儿园的朋友群"。我组织了一个露营活动，邀请他们来参加。我以为他们会对我冷淡，就像我对他们那样。但他们都来了，我们就像从前一样继续了下去。没有任何仇恨，只有舒适和意外的归属感。他们给了我成长和学习自己的教训的空间，以我自己的方式，用我自己的时间。从他们那里，我学到了两件事：我想要什么样的朋友，以及我想成为什么样的朋友。我们将继续共同成长，同时提供只有这样的朋友才能提供的无条件的爱、理解和支持。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】B、A、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段My brther Jack's childhd was cmpletely influenced by his extreme picky eating.Frm three t abut 14，he nly ate chicken，peanut butter，apples，cereal，and sweets.We tried everything in the bk，but nne succeeded.（我弟弟杰克的童年完全受他极端挑食的影响。从3岁到14岁，他只吃鸡肉、花生酱、苹果、麦片和糖果。书上说的我们都试过了，但没有一个成功。）可知，杰克14岁之前的饮食习惯是他只吃某些食物。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Hwever，in the past three years，he has gne thrugh an amazing change.Tday，he will eat clse t ten times the types f fds he was willing t try befre.He is even willing t try new things；he cnstantly asks t rder smething different at a restaurant.I've ften wndered what makes a persn change s much.（然而，在过去的三年里，他经历了一个惊人的变化。今天，他吃的食物种类是他以前愿意尝试的近十倍。他甚至愿意尝试新事物；他在餐馆里总是要求点不同的菜。我经常想知道是什么让一个人改变这么多。）可推知，杰克饮食习惯的改变是令人惊讶的。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Hwever，genetics aren't the nly factr that explains why we enjy r dislike particular fds.In fact，mst f ur preferences are actually learned，smetimes even befre we are brn.In ne study，mthers regularly drank carrt juice late in the stages f their pregnancy （怀孕）.After birth，these babies tended t enjy carrt-flavred milk mre than ther babies.（然而，基因并不是解释我们喜欢或不喜欢某种食物的唯一因素。事实上，我们的大多数偏好都是后天习得的，有时甚至在我们出生前就习得了。在一项研究中，妈妈们在怀孕后期经常喝胡萝卜汁。出生后，这些婴儿往往比其他婴儿更喜欢胡萝卜味的牛奶。）可知，对孕妇的研究告诉我们的食物偏好是可以学习的。故选 A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Additinally，I believe that smetimes，cultural influences affect yur willingness t try fd，Pssibly，my brther finally gt s sick f having t be the ne wh needed a special rder at a restaurant that he frced himself t try and like thse things he was afraid f.It simply takes time.Peple will learn t adapt and realize their true tastes.An pen mind is a psitive thing，and mst will develp an ever-expanding plate as they age.（另外，我相信有时候，文化影响会影响你尝试食物的意愿。可能，我弟弟终于厌倦了在餐馆里做那个需要特别点餐的人，他强迫自己尝试并喜欢上了那些他害怕的东西。这只是需要时间。人们将学会适应并认识到自己真正的品味。开放的心态是一件积极的事情，随着年龄的增长，大多数人的盘子都会不断扩大。）可推知，作者对饮食习惯，认为应该保持开放，尝试新事物。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了作者以弟弟杰克童年的饮食习惯为例，阐明对于饮食习惯，认为应该保持开放，尝试新事物。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】C、C、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的It is the largest water prtectin prject independently designed，cnstructed and perated by China in the 20 century.（它是20世纪中国自主设计、建造和运营的规模最大的水利工程。）可知，葛洲坝是在没有任何外国帮助的情况下完成的。故选C。
（2）数字计算题。根据第二段Frm the start f cnstructin in 1970 t the functining f the first generatr unit in 1981，t the cmpletin f the whle prject in December 1988，mre than 100，000 hydrpwer specialists frm all ver the cuntry，wh set up base in the wilderness，carrying ples and pushing carts t vercme a series f significant technical prblems，finally cmpleted all the cnstructin tasks with their bld and sweat.（从1970年开工建设，到1981年第一台发电机组投入使用，再到1988年12月全线建成，来自全国各地的10万多名水电专家，在荒无人烟的野外扎营，扛杆子、推小车，克服了一系列重大技术难题，最终用血汗完成了各项建设任务。）可知，葛洲坝从1970年开工建设，到1981年第一台发电机组投入使用，再到1988年12月全线建成，共花费18年时间。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段The successful cnstructin and management f the Gezhuba Dam has prvided valuable experience and played a rle in training talent fr the design，cnstructin and peratin f the Three Grges Prject and ther super dams."（葛洲坝大坝的成功建设和管理为三峡工程和其他超级大坝的设计、建设和运营培养了宝贵的经验和人才。）可知，最后一段介绍了葛洲坝工程所产生的意义。故选D。
（4）目的意图题。根据第一段The Gezhuba Dam is the wrld's largest run-f-river hydrpwer （水力发电） statin and the first large water cntrl prject in the Yangtze River.（葛洲坝大坝是世界上最大的顺流水电站，也是长江流域第一个大型水利工程。）可知，本文介绍葛洲坝这个著名的水力发电站。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了葛洲坝的历史、发展和重要作用。
考查说明文。做题时要先通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
16~20.【答案】D、E、C、G、A
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文We can study language change using language crpra（语料库） like the Cambridge English Crpus，which cntains a large cllectin f texts gathered ver many years.（我们可以使用语言语料库来研究语言的变化，比如剑桥英语语料库，它包含了多年来收集的大量文本。）可知，说明我们可以使用语料库来研究语言的变化，下文各段首句说明了语言的变化，选项D"以下是对这些数据的研究得出的三个结论。"符合语境，故选D。
（2）语境衔接题。根据上文A large change in language that we recrded in ur research is the change in terms f frequency（频率） f the adverb "literally"，which in the 2010s was almst ten times mre frequent than in the 1990s，（我们在研究中记录到的一个很大的语言变化是副词"literally"的频率变化，在2010年代，这个频率几乎是90年代的10倍。）举例说明副词频率变化很大，和下文There has als been a ntable change in meaning with the 2010s seeing much mre metaphrical（比喻的） use f literally than befre e.g."h I literally haven't mved all day".（意思也发生了显著变化，201 0年代以来，"literally" 的隐喻用法比以前多了很多，例如"哦，我真的一整天都没动"。）可知，说明了意思也发生了显著的变化，因此推断前后文说明了两件不同的事情，选项E"然而，频率并不是唯一的兴趣点。"符合语境，故选E。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文There has als been a ntable change in meaning with the 2010s seeing much mre metaphrical（比喻的） use f literally than befre e.g."h I literally haven't mved all day".This is imprtant，as if smene had nt mved in the slightest fr a whle day，then we might grw a little wrried fr them.This f curse was nt what the speaker meant.（意思也发生了显著变化，2010年代以来， "literally"的隐喻用法比以前多了很多，例如"哦，我真的一整天都没动"。这一点很重要，就好像有人一整天都没有动过，然后我们可能会有点担心他们。这当然不是说话人的意思。）可知，说明使用这个副词，说话人并非是真的说一整天没有动过，选项C"相反，演讲者更有可能强调一个事实。"符合语境，故选C。
（4）语境衔接题。根据上文In 2007，if yu were t say "I'll WhatsApp yu"，n ne wuld have understd.（ 2007年，如果你说"我会用WhatsApp联系你"，没人会理解。）说明2007年人们还不理解这句话，和下文In fact，in the Nw Crpus there are n examples f the wrd WhatsApp in 2010，while in 2018 there were ver 50，000 examples.（事实上，在Nw语料库中，2010年没有 WhatsApp这个词的例子，而在2018年有超过5万个例子。）可知，说明人们越来越经常使用这个词，选项G"但现在这个词的频率急剧增加。"符合语境，故选G。
（5）联系上文题。根据下文The wrd "wicked"，fr example，was riginally used as a negative wrd.But a study shws that in spken British English，wicked is used mre psitively like "well wicked" in the2010s.An imprtant thing t knw is that if smene calls smething wicked，it is nt necessarily bad.（例如，"wicked"这个词最初是一个贬义词。但一项研究表明，在21世纪10年代的英式口语中，wicked的用法更积极，比如"well wicked"。要知道的重要一点是，如果有人说某事wicked。这并不一定是坏事。）可知，说明本段讲述词汇的积极性和消极词性有所变化，选项A"积极词汇和消极词汇的变化。"符合语境，故选A。
这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了语言随着时代在三个不同方面的改变。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】D、B、B、C、A、C、D、A、B、C、B、D、A、C、D
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.waiting等待；B.cnsideratin考虑；C.discussin讨论；D.search搜索。句意：但是经过一些搜寻工作后，他在一条沟里找到了这条狗，差点被冻死。根据上文"he didn't see anything right away"（他当时啥也没看到）可知，他一开始没有发现狗在哪里，需要搜索一番才能找到，故选D。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.thirsty渴的；B.frzen冻坏的；C.bred无聊的；D.frightened害怕的。句意：但是经过一些搜寻工作后，他在一条沟里找到了这条狗，差点被冻死。根据第一句"It was freezing cld last Saturday mrning"（周六早上寒风刺骨）可知，早上是非常冷的，所以这只小狗过了一晚也是很冷的，frzen t death，意为"冻死"。故选B。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.sensed感觉到；B.nticed注意到；C.heard听到；D.remembered想起来。句意：安德森发现在水沟的边缘有爪子抓挠的痕迹，可能是这条狗挣扎着爬出来时留下的。根据下文"there seemed t be claw （爪） marks n the ditch"可知，安德森看到小狗后顺便注意到水沟边缘都是爪痕，其它三个选项无法正确理解，故选B。
（4）考查名动及语境理解。A.learning学习；B.pretending假装；C.struggling挣扎；D.preparing准备。句意：安德森发现在水沟的边缘有爪子抓挠的痕迹，可能是这条狗挣扎着爬出来时留下的。根据上一题"claw （爪） marks n the ditch"可知，它挣扎过很多次了，故选C。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.managed设法做成；B.preferred倾向于；C.intended意图做；D.agreed同意。句意：安德森设法把这条狗从水沟里拉了出来，并且把它转移到了附近的一个救助中心，在那里值班的调度员会照顾她。根据下文"transprt her t a nearby rescue center"可知，安德森设法成功地把小狗从沟里拉了出来并送到了附近的救助站，故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.invited邀请；B.led引导；C.transprted运输，搬运；D.pulled拉。句意：安德森设法把这条狗从水沟里拉了出来，并且把它转移到了附近的一个救助中心，在那里值班的调度员会照顾她。根据下文"transprt her t a nearby rescue center"可知，安德森把小狗拉出来后送去了附近的救助中心，transprt意思是"运输，搬运"，也就是把小狗转移走了，符合题意，故选C。
（7）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lked int调查；B.turned t转向；C.tk in吸收，收留；D.cared fr照顾。句意：安德森设法把这条狗从水沟里拉了出来，并且把它转移到了附近的一个救助中心，在那里值班的调度员会照顾她。根据下文"The dispatcher gave the dg blankets and a prtable heater t make her warm"（调度员给了小狗一条毯子和一个便携发热器以保持温暖）可知，调度员会照顾它的，故选D。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.warm温暖的；B.energetic有活力的；C.relaxed放松的；D.peaceful和平的。句意：调度员给了小狗一条毯子和一个便携发热器以保持温暖。根据上文"prtable heater"可知，小狗冻了一晚上，当务之急是先暖和起来，故选A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.medicine药品；B.fd食物；C.clthes衣服；D.tys玩具。句意：然后调度员给了小狗一些食物，等到小狗暖和过来之后，就把盘子里的食物全部吃光了。根据下文"she ate the plate clean"（它把盘子吃光了）可知，调度员给了它一些食物，故选B。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.lvely可爱的；B.pr可怜的；C.lst丢失的；D.injured受伤的。句意：安德森想要找到主人，于是他回到了找到小狗的地方，手里拿着走失小狗的海报。根据上文"Mark Andersn heard reprts f a dg lying in the rad in Arrwsic."（马克安德森从新闻上听到Arrwsic的路边躺着一只小狗）可知，新闻报道有只小狗在路边躺着，说明它已经走失了，故选C。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.pleasure乐趣；B.determinatin决心；C.fear恐惧；D.shame耻辱。句意：他怀着巨大的决心，在这一片区域逐一敲门，最终找到了小狗的主人，是一位叫做Marie Smith老太太。根据下文"he kncked n drs in the area until he eventually fund the dg's wner"（他逐一敲门直到最终找到了狗主人）可知，他能挨个敲门，是怀着巨大决心的，故选B。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.thanked感谢；B.interviewed采访；C.influenced影响；D.fund找到。句意：他怀着巨大的决心，在这一片区域逐一敲门，最终找到了小狗的主人，是一位叫做Marie Smith老太太。根据下文"an ld lady called Marie Smith"可知，狗主人是一位老太太，说明他最终找到了狗主人，故选D。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.escaped逃跑；B.panicked惊慌；C.fught打架；D.hid躲藏。句意：根据Marie所说，这只小狗在前天晚上逃出去了。根据上文"Mark Andersn heard reprts f a dg lying in the rad in Arrwsic."（马克安德森从新闻上听到Arrwsic的路边躺着一只小狗）可知，小狗已经走丢了，肯定是晚上从家里跑出去了，也就是"逃跑了"，故选A。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.annyed烦恼的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.wrried担忧的；D.disappinted失望的。句意：她非常担心，整夜未眠，等着小狗回家。根据下文"stayed awake all night"可知，狗主人是很担心的，故选C。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.plan计划；B.intentin意图；C.arrangement安排；D.effrt努力。句意：但是多亏了安德森的努力，她终于可以和自己心爱的小狗团聚。根据上文"With great determinatin"可知，安德森为了找到狗主人怀着巨大决心，同时为了救助小狗是付出了巨大努力的，故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一名叫Mark Andersn的好心人在一个冰冷的早上救下了一条差点被冻死的小狗，并通过努力找到主人的暖心故事。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】imaginatin
【小题2】called
【小题3】which/that
【小题4】greatly
【小题5】is prduced
【小题6】t make
【小题7】a
【小题8】f
【小题9】challenges
【小题10】greener
【解析】（1）考查不可数名词。句意：实验室里培育的肉类正在将这种想象变成现实。根据that可知横线处用名词，imaginatin是不可数名词。故填imaginatin。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：如果广泛使用，实验室培育的肉，也称为人造肉，可以减少对饲养动物的残酷对待。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词culd reduce，所以横线处的动词作非谓语，逻辑主语lab-grwn meat与call之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填called。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：如果广泛使用，实验室培育的肉，也称为人造肉，可以减少对饲养动物的残酷对待。分析句子可知横线处引导定语从句，修饰指物的先行词animals，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。
（4）考查副词。句意：它还可以大大降低肉类生产的环境成本。分析句子可知横线处用副词作状语修饰谓语动词culd reduce。故填greatly。
（5）考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这种肉是通过首先从动物身上采集肌肉样本来生产的。分析句子可知横线处作句子谓语。根据上下文可知本句用一般现在时，句子主语The meat与prduce之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为不可数名词，所以助动词用is。故填 is prduced。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：据说，一头牛的一个肌肉样本可以生产出足够制作80000个汉堡的肉。分析句子可知横线处用动词不定式作meat的后置定语。故填t make。
（7）考查不定冠词。句意：但人造肉类必须克服许多困难，例如降低成本，并在其上市前证明其安全性。a number f"大量，许多"是固定短语，故填a。
（8）考查介词。句意：但人造肉类必须克服许多困难，例如降低成本，并在其上市前证明其安全性。分析句子可知横线处用介词f构成前后两个名词的所属关系。故填f。
（9）考查可数名词复数。句意：好消息是，尽管面临这些挑战，人造肉类公司仍在继续努力。根据these可知横线处用可数名词复数。故填challenges。
（10）考查形容词比较级。句意：如果他们能成功，清洁肉类可以使我们的生活方式比以前更环保、更合乎道德。分析句子可知横线处与mre ethical是并列宾语补足语，所以横线处用形容词比较极。故填greener。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍现在一些公司正在开发实验室培育的牛肉、猪肉、家禽和海鲜等人造肉。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
37.【答案】【小题1】attended
【小题2】preparatins
【小题3】gal
【解析】（1）考查动词。句意：在高中，我参加了所有的必修课，并为成为一名护士做了所有的准备。根据第二段中Since my junir year f high schl，I had aimed at being a nurse.I tk all the required curses，applied fr nursing schlarships，and even wrked as a vlunteer in my twn's lcal hspital. （从高中第一年起，我就立志成为一名护士。我修完了所有的必修课，申请了护理奖学金，甚至还在镇上的当地医院做了志愿者。）可知，这里讲的是作者参加了所有的必修课。由此可知，空格处应为动词attend的过去时attended"出席"，满足句意要求。故填attended。
（2）考查名词。句意：在高中，我参加了所有的必修课，并为成为一名护士做了所有的准备。根据第二段中Since my junir year f high schl，I had aimed at being a nurse.I tk all the required curses，applied fr nursing schlarships，and even wrked as a vlunteer in my twn's lcal hspital. （从高中第一年起，我就立志成为一名护士。我修完了所有的必修课，申请了护理奖学金，甚至还在镇上的当地医院做了志愿者。）可知，这里讲的是作者为成为一名护士做了所有的准备。由此可知，空格处应为名词preparatin的复数形式preparatins"准备"，满足句意要求。故填preparatins。
（3）考查名词。句意：我相信我的目标是治愈病人。根据第二段中My gal，r s I tld everyne，was t treat the sick and heal the hurt. （我的目标，或者说我告诉所有人的，是治疗病患，治愈伤痛。）可知，这里讲的是作者的目标是治愈病人。由此可知，空格处应为名词gal"目标"，满足句意要求。故填gal。
（4）考查动词。句意：随着毕业的临近，我发现我将来不会喜欢做护理工作。根据第三段中Yet，as graduatin and cllege neared，I gradually fund it was nt what I was meant t d fr the rest f my life. （然而，随着毕业和大学的临近，我逐渐发现这并不是我打算在余生中做的事情。）可知，这里讲的是作者随着毕业的临近，发现将来不会喜欢做护理工作。由此可知，空格处应为动词apprach的过去时apprached"接近，临近"，满足句意要求。故填apprached。
（5）考查形容词。句意：随着毕业的临近，我发现我将来不会喜欢做护理工作。根据第三段中I culd picture myself in prviding wund care，making runds and taking temperatures，but I culdn't picture myself happy. （我可以想象自己照顾伤口、巡视、量体温的情景，但我无法想象自己是快乐的。）可知，这里讲的是作者发现将来做护理工作不会开心。由此可知，空格处应为形容词happy"快乐的"，满足句意要求。故填happy。
（6）考查名词。句意：我决定不做护士了。根据第三段中It wasn't the future I wanted. （不是我想要的未来。）可知，这里讲的是作者决定不做护士了。由此可知，空格处应为名词nurse"护士"，满足句意要求。故填nurse。
（7）考查动词。句意：然后，我开始意识到我一直都很喜欢写作，而且写得很好。根据第四段中Then，it dawned n me.I had been creating and writing stries fr as lng as I culd remember.Even at fur years ld，I had my dad write as I tld him the stries I had created. （然后，我明白了。从记事起，我就一直在创作和写故事。甚至在我四岁的时候，我就让父亲写我创作的故事给他听。）可知，这里讲的是作者意识到自己一直都很喜欢写作，而且写得很好。由此可知，空格处应为动词realize"意识到"，满足句意要求。故填realize。
（8）考查名词。句意：我决心把写作作为我的事业。根据第四段中Nw，it had becme much mre than a hbby.It was ging t be my career even if the future was uncertain. （现在，它已经不仅仅是一种爱好了。这将是我的事业，即使未来是不确定的。）可知，这里讲的是作者决心把写作作为自己的事业。由此可知，空格处应为名词career"事业"，满足句意要求。故填career。
（9）考查名词。句意：7月下旬，我告诉妈妈我想去一所写作学院，而不是著名的护理学校。根据第一段中She wanted me t attend the well-knwn nursing schl t which I was riginally accepted，but I wanted t g t a small，private writing cllege with a student bdy f fewer than 300 students. （她想让我去一所著名的护理学校，我最初是被那所学校录取的，但我想去一所学生人数不到300人的小型私立写作学院。）可知，这里讲的是作者告诉妈妈想去一所写作学院，而不是著名的护理学校。由此可知，空格处应为write的名词形式writing"写作"，满足句意要求。故填writing。
（10）考查动词。句意：我妈妈不同意我的意见，我们经常争吵。根据第一段中Every night fr tw weeks，we argued，yelled and gave silent treatments until bth parties went t bed with regrets and frustratins. （连续两周的每个晚上，我们都争吵、大吼大叫，互相沉默，直到双方都带着遗憾和沮丧上床睡觉。）可知，这里讲的是作者妈妈不同意作者的意见，经常争吵。由此可知，空格处应为argue的过去时argued"争吵"，满足句意要求。故填argued。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中War brke ut in ur huse in late July with less than a mnth t g befre my first day f cllege.It was a battle f wills，my mm's and my wn，ver which schl I was t attend.She wanted me t attend the well-knwn nursing schl t which I was riginally accepted，but I wanted t g t a small，private writing cllege with a student bdy f fewer than 300 students. （7月下旬，离我上大学还有不到一个月的时候，我们家爆发了战争。我到底该上哪所学校，这是一场意志的较量，是我妈妈和我自己的意志。她想让我去一所著名的护理学校，我最初是被那所学校录取的，但我想去一所学生人数不到300人的小型私立写作学院。）可知，作者和她妈妈争论作者应该上哪所大学。故答案为They argued abut which cllege the writer shuld attend.
（2）开放性试题。言之有理即可。根据文章大意可知，作者的妈妈不同意她的新想法，可能是因为也许她不想让作者的所有努力付诸东流，担心作者没有想清楚。故答案为Maybe she didn't want all the effrts the writer had made t be wasted and wrried that the writer didn't think it thrugh. /Maybe she thught the writing cllege was unreliable and the future f being a writer was uncertain.
（3）开放性试题。言之有理即可。根据文章大意以及结合作者遇到的问题可知，我认为作者解决这个问题的方法是她可以和妈妈坦诚地交谈，或者写信给妈妈，解释她改变主意的原因，展示她对写作的热情和能力。故答案为She culd have an hnest talk with r write a letter t her mm，explaining the reasns why she changed her mind，shwing her enthusiasm abut writing and her ability in it.
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和妈妈在选择专业时意见不一致，在作者的努力下终于和解。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
38.【答案】The Mst Ppular Sprt in the SchlBasketball is the mst ppular sprt in ur schl.Yu can always see students n the basketball curt after schl.It's a hit amng students fr a cuple f straightfrward reasns.（话题）
Firstly，basketball is just exciting.Shting，and scring all happen in a flash，keeping everyne hked.Plus，being a team sprt，it builds strng bnds and teamwrk amng players，adding t its appeal.（描述受欢迎程度）
What makes it even better is that ur schl makes it easy t play.【高分句型一】With well-kept curts and fun turnaments，basketball is super accessible.The schl has made sure that students can easily jump in and enjy the game.（描述受欢迎程度）
In a nutshell，basketball's ppularity cmes dwn t its fast-paced fun，team spirit，and hw easy it is t get int.It's nt just a sprt.It's the glue that bring us all tgether.【高分句型二】（总结）
【解析】高分句型一：What makes it even better is that ur schl makes it easy t play.
译文：更棒的是，我们学校让它更容易玩。
分析：这句话使用了what引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句。
高分句型二：It's the glue that bring us all tgether.
译文：这是把我们团结在一起的胶水。
分析：这句话使用了that引导的限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。Australian Open （January）
The Australian Open is perhaps ne f the cuntry's mst prized events and biggest summer parties.Hsted in January every year，this tw- week tennis event lights up the city and brings the very best tennis superstars t Melburne alng with thusands f fans and a hst f wrld-class singers.
Wrd Surfing Champinships （March t May）
While summer brings warmer waters ，Australia's autumn cmes with the Wrld Surfing Champinships.Acrss the men's and wmen's turnaments（锦标赛），fans can see their favurite players trying their best acrss a series f events in the surfing capital f Australia，the Gld Cast.
Uluru Camel Cup （May）
If yu're lking fr a special Australian event，dn't miss the Uluru Camel Cup.It's all abut a camels' race t find the fastest camel in Australia.There are several activities that take place ver the weekend with delicius fd，live music and entertainment.Yu als have a chance t bet n yur favurite camel.
Melburne Cup （Nvember）
The Melburne Cup is the cuntry's mst famus hrse race，which is called" The Race That Stps A Natin".It's nt all abut the racing hwever，with fashin shws，music，and the best selectins f fd.This ne-day event has becme such a big part f Australian culture that it is nw an fficial public hliday.
write nurse attend like preparatin argue
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In high schl，I （1） ______ all the required curses and made all（2） ______ I culd fr being a nurse.
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I believed it was my（3） ______ t heal the sick.
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As graduatin（4） ______ ，I fund that I wuldn't be（5） ______ ding nursing care in the future.
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I decided nt t be a（6） ______ .
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Then，I started t（7） ______ that I'd been always lving writing and ding it well.
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I was determined t make writing my（8） ______
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In late July，I tld my mm I wanted t g t a（9） ______ cllege instead f the famus nursing schl.
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My mm disagreed with me and we（10） ______ a lt.
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