外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Friends forever复习练习题

课时作业

Ⅰ.根据释义写出汉语词义和英语单词

1．someone you are doing something with伙伴，搭档→partner

2．not unusual or different in any way普通的，平常的→ordinary

3．an event or a situation that you see, especially one of a particular type场景→scene

4．the various aspects of a person's character that combine to make them different from other people个性，性格→personality

5．a place where sth. happens or exists; the position of sth.地点，位置→location

6．to write letters to sb. and receive letters from them 通信→correspond

7．everything that is around or near sb./sth. 周围的事物，环境→surroundings

8．not decorated or complicated; simple 简单的，朴素的→plain

9．the feeling or mood that you have in a particular place or situation 气氛，氛围，环境→atmosphere

10．a large amount of money 大笔的钱；巨款→fortune

Ⅱ.选词填空(先填短语，后填句子)

1．You ________ have come to the meeting. It was interesting.

答案：ought to

2．He ________ by selling computers last year.

答案：made his fortune

3．The area has ________ the outbreak of COVID­19.

答案：been struck by

4．He's still hoping something will ________.

答案：turn up

5．Your account of events does not ________ hers.

答案：correspond with

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1．I enjoy reading the stories ________ (write) by O. Henry.

答案：written

2．I couldn't work ________ where the music was coming from.

答案：out

3．The movie was shot on ________ (locate) in Italy.

答案：location

4．More and more young people ________ come from the countryside crowd into big cities to make their fortune.

答案：who

5．We ought ________ (study) hard for the sake of our motherland.

答案：to study

6．The development was ________ (bitter) opposed by the local community.

答案：bitterly

7．________ (fortune), the worst of the winter that year was over.

答案：Fortunately

8．He wants to be in control of his own ________ (destined)．

答案：destiny

9．I have had everything ________ (prepare) beforehand.

答案：prepared

10．You should be ashamed ________ treating your daughter like that.

答案：of

Ⅳ.单句写作

1．她没有勇气拒绝。

She didn't __________________________.

答案：have the courage to refuse

2．你认识刚才在会上发言的那个人吗？

Do you know the man ____________________ just now?

答案：who spoke at the meeting

3．无论什么时间，你到了那儿就给我打电话。

Call me when you get there, ______________________.

答案：no matter what the time is

4．这个想法很值得考虑。

This idea __________________________.

答案：is well worth considering

5．我一下子明白我们能如何改善局面了。

____________________ how we could improve the situation.

答案：It suddenly struck me

Ⅰ.语言运用

Rose was my best friend. But several months ago, I realized that Rose wasn't interested in me any more. I'd __1__ my best friend. It really hurt.

One day, I told Rose that we should __2__ pretending to be friends when we really weren't any more. I wasn't trying to make her mad, __3__ she was. After that, Rose started talking about me behind my back, telling people that I was __4__. It seemed as if she had taken people away from me.

The more I thought about it, the __5__  I got. Finally, I __6__ a picture of Rose and drew lines on her face. I wrote “I __7__ this person” across the bottom. I put it on a website.

A week later, Rose's mom saw the __8__ and told me to delete it. However, it was already too __9__. Lots of people had seen it, and I was in a lot of __10__.

That whole day, I felt __11__. I had to say sorry to Rose face to face.

Posting that picture was one of the worst __12__  I've ever made. I realize now I could have found a much better way to deal with my __13__. If I'd just told Rose how much I __14__ her, maybe things would have turned out __15__.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者做了一件使自己后悔的事，还导致自己与好朋友关系破裂，友谊不再。

1．A.lost  B．met

C．found  D．made

答案：A　根据上文中的“Rose wasn't interested in me any more”可推知，作者失去了(lose)最好的朋友。故选A。

2．A.enjoy  B．suggest

C．stop  D．continue

答案：C　句意：有一天，我对Rose(罗丝)说，当我们真的不再是朋友的时候，就不要继续假装是朋友。stop doing sth. “停止做某事”。故选C。

3．A.because  B．so

C．but  D．and

答案：C　根据前一句“I wasn't trying to make her mad”可知作者本不想惹怒Rose，但是她还是生气了。前后句在语义上是转折关系。故选C。

4．A.busy  B．sad

C．careless  D．bad

答案：D　句意：Rose开始在我背后谈论我，跟别人说我不好(bad)。故选D。

5．A.less serious  B．less proud

C．quieter  D．angrier

答案：D　the＋比较级 ... ，the＋比较级 ... “越……，越……”。此处指作者越想越生气。故选D。

6．A.gave back  B．took up

C．cut up  D．wind up

答案：B　根据下文中的“drew lines on her face”可推知，此处指作者拿起(take up)一张Rose的照片。故选B。

7．A.need  B．fear

C．hate  D．prefer

答案：C　根据上文作者在照片上乱画的行为可推知，作者憎恨(hate) Rose。故选C。

8．A.book  B．picture

C．news  D．letter

答案：B　结合上文“a picture of Rose”可知，此处是指照片。故选B。

9．A.dark  B．big

C．old  D．late

答案：D　根据下文“Lots of people had seen it”可推知此时撤销照片已经太晚了(late)。故选D。

10．A.trouble  B．peace

C．danger  D．help

答案：A　be in trouble为固定表达，“陷入麻烦”。故选A。

11．A.excited  B．flee

C．terrible  D．lucky

答案：C　作者因为做了错事感到心情很糟糕(terrible)。故选C。

12．A.excuses  B．explanations

C．changes  D．decisions

答案：D　上传那张照片是“我”做过最糟糕的决定(decision)之一。故选D。

13．A.lessons  B．feelings

C．mistakes  D．friends

答案：B　作者在照片上乱画、在照片下面写字以及将照片放在网上等行为都是处理自己生气、憎恨Rose的情感(feeling)的方式。故选B。

14．A.missed  B．trusted

C．praised  D．influenced

答案：A　根据上文可知，作者觉得Rose渐渐地疏远了自己，感觉自己失去了这个朋友，所以此处是想念(miss)她。故选A。

15．A.suddenly  B．clearly

C．differently  D．hopefully

答案：C　作者现在意识到如果当时换一种处理方法，就会出现完全不一样的结果。differently “不同地”，符合句意。故选C。

Ⅱ.阅读

A

University of Pennsylvania researchers say that for the first time they have linked social media use to increases in depression and loneliness. The idea that social media is anything but social when it comes to mental health has been talked about for years, but not many studies have managed to actually link the two. To do that, Penn researchers, led by psychologist Melissa Hunt, designed a study that focused on WeChat, Snapchat and Instagram.

The study was conducted with 143 participants, who before they began, completed a mood survey and sent along photos of their battery screens, showing how often they were using their phones to access social media. “We set out to do a study which attempts to imitate real life.” Hunt said.

The study divided the participants into two groups: The first group was allowed to maintain their normal social media habits. The other, the control group, was restricted to 10 minutes per day on social media. The restrictions were put in place for three weeks and then tested for now comes such as fear of missing out, anxiety, depression and loneliness.

The results showed a very clear link between social media use and increased levels of depression and loneliness. “Using less social media then you normally do would lead to significant decreases in both depression and loneliness”， Hunt said.

Social media invites what Hunt calls “downward social comparison.” “When you're online, it can sometimes seem that everyone else is cooler and having more fun and included in more things and you're left out，” Hunt said. And that's just generally discouraging. “Every minute you spend online is a minute you are not doing your work or not meeting a friend for dinner or having a deep conversation with your roommate.” And these real life activities are the ones that you can encourage self－esteem and self－worth, Hunt added.

“People are on their devices, and that's not going to change，” she said. But as in life, a bit of control goes a long way.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。心理学家梅利莎·亨特领导研究了社交媒体和心理健康之间的关系，研究发现社交媒体的使用与抑郁症的不断增加是有关系的。

1．What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A．Social media is a good tool for social activity.

B．Social media can't increase people's social activities.

C．Social media is the cause of depression and loneliness.

D．No studies about social media and mental health have been done.

答案：B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The idea that social media is anything but social when it comes to mental health has been talked about for years，”可知在心理健康方面，社交媒体不是社交的观念已经讨论了很多年。社交媒体不是社交，这说明社交媒体并不能增加社交活动。故选B项。

2．What are the participants required to do?

A．To participate in a mood survey first.

B．To show how often they use their phones.

C．To keep their normal social media habits.

D．To stay in the lab for three weeks.

答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The study was conducted with 143 participants, who before they began, completed a mood survey”可知这项研究是由143位参与者进行的，他们在开始之前就完成了一项情绪调查，也就是参与者首先完成了一项情绪调查，故选A项。

3．What can we infer from Hunt's words in the last two paragraphs?

A．Social comparison makes people work harder.

B．Social media activities can increase self－esteem and self－worth.

C．People will reduce the use of social media.

D．Controlling the use of social media will make a difference to people's life.

答案：D　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知“Hunt(亨特)认为你在网上度过的每一分钟都是避开了工作、朋友见面等可以鼓励自尊和自我的现实生活中的活动。她还说人们正在使用他们的设备，而且这不会改变。但是，就像生活中一样，一点控制就能起很大作用。”结合选项，可知答案选D。

4．What is the text mainly about?

A．The tendency of using social media.

B．The importance of the study on social media.

C．The disadvantage of using social media.

D．A study on the relationship between social media and mental health.

答案：D　主旨大意题。由第一段中的“The idea that social media is anything but social when it comes to mental health has been talked about for years, but not many studies have managed to actually link the two. To do that, Penn researchers, led by psychologist Melissa Hunt, designed a study that focused on WeChat, Snapchat and Instagram.”可知本文主要介绍了心理学家梅利莎·亨特关于社交媒体和心理健康的关系的研究以及发现，故选D项。

B

Eve was waiting in the corridor outside her class. She was feeling sick. She had two exams that day and physics was first. She really hated physics. It was her worst subject. Lisa looked back at her, and then looked away quickly. Eve thought she looked guilty. She didn't have a problem with physics. She didn't have a problem with anything ...  Miss Perfect!

 “Hi, Eve! So what's wrong with you and Lisa？” asked Tina, “I thought you were friends.” “Yes, so did I，” said Eve. “But she hasn't spoken to me for two weeks now. She promised to help me review for the physics exam too, but then she's ignored all my calls and texts.” 

While in the exam, Eve found Lisa was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it. Eve couldn't believe it! Is that how Lisa always got such good grades? She thought about telling the teacher, but she hesitated. The next exam was history. That was Eve's favorite subject but she couldn't concentrate. She didn't know what to do about Lisa. Just then, Mr Reed, their teacher, walked past. “Mr Reed ... ”

Lisa was called to the teachers' office and there waited Mr Reed ...

The history test was over. Eve was walking towards the school gate when she heard footsteps behind her. It was Lisa. Eve could see that she had been crying. “Listen，” said Lisa. “I'm really sorry I haven't answered your calls, but my dad had a heart attack two weeks ago and he's in hospital. He had a big heart operation today and I was very worried about him. So I was reading texts from my mum, but Mr Reed caught me. He thought I was cheating. He believes me now, but I have to take the exam again. I'm sorry I didn't tell you what was happening. Will you forgive me？”

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个好朋友Eve(伊芙)和Lisa(丽莎)之间发生误会以及解除误会的故事。

5．The reason for Eve's feeling sick is most probably that ________.

A．she found Lisa was looking back at her

B．she had to take two exams within one day

C．she was worried about the physics exam

D．she had been waiting for too long a time

答案：C　细节理解题。由第一段中的“She really hated physics. It was her worst subject.”可知，Eve 最讨厌物理了，所以考物理她会感到不舒服。故正确答案为C。

6．Lisa didn't help Eve review for the physics exam because ________.

A．she had to look after her sick father

B．she herself was quite bad at physics

C．she didn't consider Eve as a true friend

D．she was selfish and hated to waste time

答案：A　细节理解题。由第五段第六句“I'm really sorry I haven't answered your calls, but my dad had a heart attack two weeks ago and he's in hospital.”可知，Lisa 没有帮 Eve 复习物理的原因是她的爸爸因为心脏病手术住院了，她需要去照顾爸爸。故正确答案为A。

7．At the end of the story Eve probably felt ________.

A．confident and optimistic

B．regretful and sorry

C．sad and angry

D．glad and inspired

答案：B　推理判断题。由第一段中的“Eve thought she looked guilty. She didn't have a problem  with physics. She didn't have a problem with anything  ... ”可知，Eve 最开始还在为 Lisa 没有帮助她而生气，认为她躲避自己的目光是因为愧疚，但最后却听到了事情的真相，可以推断出此时 Eve 为自己曾经的猜测而感到后悔和自责。故正确答案为B。

8．What lesson can we learn from this passage?

A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.

B．A life without a friend is a life without sun.

C．Old friends and old wines are the best.

D．Friendship should be based on trust.

答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章的内容：Eve一度对朋友Lisa失去信任，导致她们的友谊受到影响，弄清原因后，误会解除。从这一事件可知，友谊是建立在信任的基础上的，所以D选项是正确的。

C

She will face the challenges of riding a bike to school or not being able to climb the monkey bars during playtime. But little Ella Peggie, who was born without her left arm, will get an extraordinary opportunity to share a life­changing bond with her new beloved pet, three­legged puppy.

When her mother, Brooke Hodgson, saw the one­year­old puppy named Snowy, she knew instantly it would be the perfect companion for her one­year­old daughter. “My heart skipped a beat when I saw Snowy online，” Ms Hodgson said. It took just three days for the puppy, who recently had surgery to remove a leg, to find a new home after she was sent to the animal shelter last week.

“I knew she was going to be perfect for Ella—they share the same age so they both have a long life of friendship ahead of them. I just know that Snowy is going to increase her confidence when she is growing up. It's going to be great for Ella when she realizes she's different or when she's having a bad day. She will see the resemblance and know that she's not alone.”

Ms Hodgson has been touched by the relationship between the pair since the lively puppy became the_latest_addition to the family. And she believes the caring puppy will be by Ella's side through the highs and lows of her life. Ms Hodgson said，“Every morning Snowy looks for Ella first before she runs to anyone else. It's quite a unique link. I'm just thankful that I was able to give her this dog. I just can't wait for them to get even closer. Not many people are able to do this for their children so we're very lucky to have Snowy. I can't even explain how I feel right now.” The young mother said Snowy, who was welcomed into the family just a week ago, has been playing a very special part to Ella's life as well as her three­year­old brother Blake and her father, Stewart Peggie.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个只有一只胳膊的女孩和她的三条腿的小狗一起成长的故事。

9．How did the mother feel when she saw the three­legged puppy online?

A．Excited.  B．Puzzled.

C．Disappointed.  D．Astonished.

答案：A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘My heart skipped a beat when I saw Snowy online，’ Ms Hodgson said.”(“我的心脏狂跳不止，当我在网上看到Snowy(丝诺丽)，” Hodgson(霍奇森)女士说。)可推知，当这位母亲在网上看到这只三条腿的小狗时，她感觉很激动。故选A。

10．What does the phrase “the latest addition” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．Ella.  B．Snowy.

C．Blake.  D．Stewart Peggie.

答案：B　词义猜测题。根据该短语所在句的主语“the lively puppy”以及下一句“And she believes the caring puppy will be by Ella's side through the highs and lows of her life.”可知， “the latest addition” 指的是三条腿小狗Snowy，故选B。

11．Why did the mother welcome the dog into her family?

A．To give her daughter confidence.

B．To make her family full of fun.

C．To show sympathy for the dog.

D．To give the dog a comfortable space.

答案：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I just know that Snowy is going to increase her confidence when she is growing up.”(我只知道， 在她长大时，Snowy会增加她的信心。)由此可知，这位母亲欢迎狗进入她的家庭是为了给她女儿信心，故选A。

12．What is probably the best title of the text?

A．Why the Beautiful Girl Was Born One Arm

B．How to Adopt a Three­legged Puppy Dog

C．A Three­legged Puppy Dog Found Online

D．A One­arm Girl and Her Three­legged Puppy

答案：D　标题判断题。第一段中的“But little Ella Peggie, who was born without her left arm, will get an extraordinary opportunity to share a life­changing bond with her new beloved pet, three­legged puppy.”是全文的主题句，并结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了一个只有一只胳膊的女孩和她的三条腿的小狗一起成长的故事，故选D。

Ⅲ.七选五

An acquaintance has something in common with you and merely enjoys your company for a short time. A fair－weather friend flatters (讨好) you when the sun is shining and the birds are singing.  __1__  They would never do the following things.

Walk away when times get tough. True friendship is all about how a person helps another person when they are down and can give very little in return. Thus, take note of who remains in your life when times get tough. Seriously, when you get into a difficult period in your life, look around you.   __2__

Hold hatred (憎恨) over your head. Some people will refuse to accept that you are no longer who you used to be—that you made  mistakes  in  the  past, learned  from  them, and  moved  beyond them.   __3__  Instead, they help you repair your present and future.

Pretend like they have all the answers. You may think about the people who have had the greatest positive effect on your life—the ones who truly made a difference.   __4__   True friends are the ones who sit silently with you when you need a moment to think. They'd always lend you a shoulder when you need to cry.

__5__ You deserve to be with friends who make you smile—friends who don't take you for granted. When you notice that a friend is always taking advantage of you instead of offering help when you need, you might need to distance yourself from them for a while. A true friend should want to give, but they shouldn't be forced to always give more than they get.

A．Let you down.

B．Take from you without giving back.

C．The people still standing beside you are your true friends.

D．True friends never hold the unchangeable past against you.

E．True friends love and appreciate each other just the way they are.

F．A true friend, on the other hand, has your very best interests at heart.

G．However, you'll soon realize that they aren't the ones that tried to solve all your problems.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了什么是真正的朋友。

1．F　根据上文可知，“泛泛之交与你有共同点，仅会短时间陪伴你；不能共患难的朋友会在情况良好时讨好你。”根据设空后一句可知，“他们绝不会做如下的事情(即下文中的不与你同患难等)。”据此可推知，设空处表述的内容与上文陈述的“泛泛之交”和“不能共患难的朋友的行为”作对比，陈述真正的朋友有哪些行为，故F项正确。

2．C　通读该段可知，“真正的朋友不会在你有困难时离开”；由设空前一句可知，“当你处于困难时期时，要看看周围的人”；据此可推知，在困难时期仍然站在你身边的人才是你真正的朋友。C项与此处匹配。

3．D　根据设空后一句可知，“相反，他们帮助你补救当前和未来。”据此可知，设空处应是陈述真正的朋友的行为，即“真正的朋友从来不会抓住你不可改变的过去不放。”故D项正确。

4．G　根据该段前两句可知，“真正的朋友绝不装作什么都知道”；根据设空后一句可知，“真正的朋友是当你需要一些时间思考时默默地坐在你身边的人。”据此可推知，G项“然而，你将很快意识到他们不是试图解决你所有问题的人”符合语境，衔接上下文。

5．B　根据文章结构和设空处所在位置可知，设空处为该段的主题句；根据上文每段第一句可知，该处应为祈使句；根据该段末句可知，“真正的朋友会想要去付出。”据此可知，该段主要陈述“真正的朋友不是从你那里一味地索取而从不回馈。”故B项正确。

◎每日新闻条

UN_Secretary­General on Wednesday launched a 2­billion­US­dollar global humanitarian response plan to fight COVID－19 in some of the world's most vulnerable countries. The response plan will be implemented by UN_agencies,_with international nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and NGO consortia playing_a_direct_role in the response.

联合国秘书长周三宣布启动一项20亿美元的全球人道主义应对计划，以帮助一些世界上最脆弱的国家抗击新冠肺炎。应对计划将由联合国机构实施，国际非政府组织和非政府组织联盟将在应对计划中发挥直接作用。

【坚持积累】

①secretary/'sekrətri/n. 秘书

②general/'dʒenrəl/adj. 首席的；总管的

③launch/lɔːntʃ/v. 发起，发动

④humanitarian/hjuːˌmænI'teəriən/adj. 人道主义的

⑤response/rI'spɒns/n. 反应；响应

⑥implement/'ImplIment/v. 执行；实施

⑦agency/'eIdʒənsi/n. 专门机构

⑧nongovernmental/ˌnɒnɡʌvən'mɛntəl/adj. 非政府的

⑨consortia/kən'sɔːʃə/n. 财团；联合企业