高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 A new start巩固练习

Period 5　Summary and Writing

Ⅰ.重点词汇

impression n. 印象，感想→impress vt. 使印象深刻→impressive adj. 感人的；给人印象深刻的

leave/have/make a ... impression on sb. 给某人留下……的印象

impress sb. with sth. 某事给某人留下印象

impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事；使某人明白某事物的重要性

be impressed with/by ... 对……有深刻印象

breathe v. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸；气息

breathe deeply 深呼吸

breathe in 吸气

breathe out 呼气

out of breath 上气不接下气

take a deep breath 深吸一口气

hold one's breath 屏住呼吸

panic n. 惊恐，惊慌 v. 使恐慌

in (a) panic 惊慌地

go/get into a panic 进入惊慌状态

panic over/about 因……而惊慌

panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人(因惊慌仓促做某事)

challenge n. 挑战；质疑 vt. 质疑；向……挑战→challenging adj. 具有挑战性的；有难度的

challenge sb. to sth. 向某人提出挑战要求比试某事物

challenge sb. to_do sth. 激励某人做某事

calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的→calmly adv. 镇静地；沉着地→calmness n. 沉着；镇静

calm (sb./oneself) down 让(某人/自己)冷静下来

be/stay/keep/remain calm 保持镇静

argue v. 争论，争辩；主张；说服→argument n. 争论；辩论

argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人辩论某事

argue for sth. 为某事辩护；赞成某事

argue against sth. 据理反对某事

argue sb. into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事

It is beyond argument that ... 无可争辩的是……

various adj. 各种各样的，各种不同的→variety n. 变化；多样性；种类→vary vi. 改变；变化

a variety of/varieties of 种类繁多的；各种各样的

vary with sth. 随……而变化

vary in 在……方面变化

vary from ... to ... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动

apply v. 申请；适用，应用于→application n. 请求；申请；申请表；应用→applicant n. 申请人(尤指求职、进高等学校等)

apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申请某事

apply to_do sth. 申请做某事

apply to sth./sb. 适用于/运用于……

apply sth. to ... 把……应用于……；把……涂抹到……

apply oneself to_(doing) sth. 集中精力(做)某事，专注于

schedule n. 计划表，进度表，日程表 vt. 为某事安排时间

be scheduled to_do sth. 计划做某事

on schedule 按预定时间

behind schedule 落后于预定计划

opportunity n. 机会

an/the opportunity

take the opportunity to_do sth. 利用机会去做某事

graduate v. 毕业；获得学位(尤指学士) n. 毕业生，学位获得者→graduation n. 毕业，毕业典礼

graduate from 从……毕业

graduate in 毕业于……专业

award n.  奖，奖赏

win/receive/get an award for 因……而赢得/得到/获得奖项

award sth. to sb.＝award sb. sth. 把某物颁发给某人

frightened adj. 害怕的→fright n. 惊吓，恐怖→frighten vt. 使害怕，使惊吓→frightening adj. 令人惊恐的，骇人的

figure n. 数字；身材；人物；人影；图表 vt. (经过考虑后)认为，以为；计算；估计

figure on 计划；打算；期待

figure sth. out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白

struggle v. 奋斗，拼搏

struggle for 为……而斗争

struggle with/against 与……作斗争；同……搏斗

struggle to_do sth. 努力做某事

struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来

one_by_one 依次地，一个接一个地

day_by_day 每天，一天一天地

little_by_little 一点一点地，逐渐地

side_by_side 肩并肩地，并排地

step_by_step 一步一步地，逐步地，按部就班地

in particular 尤其，特别

particularly adv. 特别，尤其

be particular over/about ... 对……过于讲究/挑剔

refer to 提到，谈到

reference n. 涉及；提及；参考；查阅

refer to ... as ...  把……称作……

refer sth. to sb. 把某物提交给某人(解决)

in/with reference to 关于

Ⅱ.教材原句

1．I was_looking_at_the_photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.(P2)

我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后有个声音。

2．Turning_around,_I saw a white－haired man. (P2)

我转过身来，看见一位白发老人。

3．How_true these words were！(P2)

这些话是多么的真实啊！

4．With_butterflies_in_my_stomach,_I breathed deeply.(P3)

我忐忑不安地深吸了一口气。

5．I feel_as_if high school was only yesterday！(P9)

我觉得高中就像昨天一样！

6．You must_have_had some moments when you were disappointed.(P9)

你一定有过失望的时候。

7．If_so,_how did you deal with them？(P9)

如果是这样的话，你怎么应对它们呢？

8．Looking_back_on_my_high_school_life,_the most important advice I'd give is these wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou.(P9)

回顾我的高中生活，我给出的最重要的建议是来自作家玛雅·安杰洛写的这些精彩的话。

Ⅲ.写作[应用文写作——日记]

日记是一种常用记事文体，可分为记事型、议论型、描写型和抒情型。写英语日记应注意以下要点：

(1)一事一记，要选择当天感受最深刻、最有意义的事件来描述，不要写成流水账。

(2)日记的内容多是亲身经历和耳闻目睹的事情，所以要用第一人称来写。

(3)日记多是记述当天发生过的事情，因此常使用过去时，但使用时必须灵活掌握。例如：①进行时可用于描写当时正在进行的动作，马上要发生的事件，以及在某事、某动作正在进行当中，又发生了另外一个事件或动作；②描写天气、景色等，为了描写生动，也可以使用现在时，以表现当时的情景；③文末，发表感想或评论可用现在时或将来时。

(4)日记应条理清楚，写出真实感。

(5)注意格式，英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。书端包括日期、星期和天气，左上角是日期和星期，右上角写当天的天气情况。正文写在星期和日期的正下方，可以顶格写，也可以内缩3至5个字母的空间。

(6)在日期和天气的下一行中间可以写上日记小标题，也可以不写标题。

(7)在句式上，尽量使用简单句，以防繁杂，造成句型、语法错误。

1．开头常用句式

①It is sunny and very hot today.

今天天气晴朗，非常炎热。

②Yesterday was my birthday, so some of my classmates sent me presents.

昨天是我的生日，所以有几位同学送我礼物。

③It is the second day of our summer holiday.

今天是暑假的第二天。

2．主体段落常用句式

①On this day, all the family members gather together at home to celebrate this special occasion.

在这一天，家庭成员欢聚一堂，庆祝这一特殊时刻。

②In the afternoon, I watched TV at home.

下午，我在家看电视。

③My classmates are all friendly and helpful. I was very impressed with ...

我的同学都很友好而且乐于助人。我对……留下了深刻印象。

④When it came to the question－answer period, I couldn't wait to ask him some questions, and he answered them with great interest and patience.

当到问答环节时，我迫不及待地问他一些问题，他带着极大的兴趣和耐心回答了它们。

3．结尾常用句式

①However, this special day left a deep impression on me.

然而，这个特别的日子却给我留下了深刻的印象。

②All in all, it's a wonderful day today.

总之，今天是美好的一天。

③To sum up, the above­mentioned rules are the very duties of a student.

总而言之，上述规则就是一个学生应尽的责任。

假设你是李华，今天是你上高中的第一天，请你根据以下提示，写一篇日记来记录高中生活第一天的情况。内容包括：

1．学校的总体情况；

2．同学和老师的情况；

3．你的感受。

注意：1.词数80左右(开头已给出，但不计入总词数)；

     2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Monday September 2                                        Fine

It's Monday today.                                                  

 [精彩范文]

Monday September 2Fine

It's Monday today. It is my first day at senior high. My new school is much larger than my previous one, and the classrooms are amazing with a computer in each. My classmates are all friendly and helpful. We helped each other to find the dormitories. What's more, I was very impressed by my teachers'  different teaching methods. At the first lesson, I felt nervous at first, but I soon felt relaxed after our teacher asked us to introduce ourselves to each other. I like my new school very much. I think I can make great progress in this school.

总评　这是一篇记叙型的日记。结构严谨，中心突出，有选择地记录了当天的见闻(人或事)和感受，并加以分析和评论。完成了题目规定的全部任务，达到了预期的写作目的。同时，内容丰富，语句流畅，使用了新学的语法和句式。

[亮点呈现]

(1)My new school is much larger than my previous one使用了比较级结构，使表达更准确、生动。

(2)过渡词What's more的使用使文章连贯自然、结构紧凑。

(3)be impressed by和make great progress短语的使用令文章增色不少。

假设你是李华，刚上高中一周左右。请你按以下内容写一篇日记，简单记录你的学校、老师和自己的情况：

1．有60个班，3,500多名学生；

2．教室配有电脑；

3．老师友好热情，教学方法与初中截然不同，上课方式很有趣；

4．与同学相处融洽，积极参加各种课外活动。

注意：1.词数80左右(开头已给出，但不计入总词数)；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Tuesday March 2                                              Fine

I've been at Senior High school for more than a week. 　

 [精彩范文]

Tuesday March 2 Fine

I've been at Senior High school for more than a week. My new school is a famous school with a long history, covering an area of three times as big as our Junior High school. There are 60 classes and over 3,500 students in my school. It's amazing that every room has a computer. Our  teachers are enthusiastic and friendly. Their teaching methods are interesting and nothing like those of our previous teachers.

I'm getting along very well with my classmates and I take an active part in after－school activities like football, basketball, volleyball and so on. I like my Senior High school life.