Unit 4——【期末复习】高一英语知识点梳理+检测学案（人教版2019必修第二册）

必修Book 2 Unit 4 History and Traditions

必备知识基础检测（答案）

一、词汇知识检测

I、写作词汇知其形[注意英译汉]

1. chief adj. 最重要的；最高级别的 n. (公司或机构的)首领；酋长　　　

2. nearby adj. 附近的；邻近的 adv. 在附近

3. defence n. 防御；保卫 

4. surround vt. 围绕；包围

5. charge n. 收费；指控；主管vt. 收费；控告；充电 

6. ensure vt. 保证；确保；担保

7. approach n. 方法；途径；接近vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理vi. 靠近 

8. position n. 位置；姿态；职位

9. belong vi. 应在(某处)；适应 

10. eager adj. 热切的；渴望的

11. custom n. 风俗；习俗；习惯 

12. battle n. 战役；搏斗 vi. & vt. 搏斗；奋斗

13. amount n. 金额；数量 

14. poet n. 诗人

15. striking adj. 引人注目的；显著的

II、语法词汇知其变[注意词性变化]

1. puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj. 令人困惑的→puzzled adj. 感到困惑的

2. evidence n. 证据；证明→evident adj. 明显的

3. achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到→achieve v. 取得；达到

4. location n. 地方；地点；位置→locate v. 定位

5. fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v. 使着迷→fascination n. 魅力；吸引力

6. announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称→announcement n. 通知

7. generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generosity n. 大方；慷慨→generously adv. 大方地；慷慨地

8. greet vt. 问候；迎接→greeting n. 问候；招呼；迎接

9. crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众vt. 挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj. 拥挤的

10. individual adj. 单独的；个别的 n. 个人→individually adv. 个别地；单独地；独特地→individuality n. 个性；个人；特色→individualism n. 个人主义

III、阅读词汇知其意[注意英译汉]

1. Confucius n. 孔子　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

2. mansion n. 公馆；宅第

3. cemetery n. 墓地；公墓 

4. philosophy n. 哲学

5. descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孙 

6. heel n. 足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟

7. kingdom n. 王国；领域 

8. currency n. 通货；货币

9. military adj. 军事的；军用的 

10. conquer vt. 占领；征服；控制

11. port n. 港口(城市) 

12. gallery n. (艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊

13. landscape n. (陆上，尤指乡村的)风景 

14. butter n. 黄油；奶油vt. 涂黄油于

15. honey n. 蜂蜜 

16. ancestor n. 祖宗；祖先

17. courtyard n. 庭院；院子 

18. snack n. 点心；小吃

19. county n. (英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县 

20. feast n. 盛宴；宴会；节日

21. roll vi. & vt. (使)翻滚；(使)滚动n. 卷(轴)；翻滚 

22. dot n. 点；小(圆)点vt. 加点；遍布

23. cattle n. 牛 

24. roar vi. & n. 吼叫；咆哮

25. ocean n. 大海；海洋 

26. scent n. 气味；气息

27. pub n. 酒吧；酒馆 

28. wine n. 葡萄酒；果酒

29. beer n. (一杯)啤酒 

30. stew n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜) vt. & vi. 炖；煨

31. sensory adj. 感觉的；感官的 

32. transition n. 过渡；转变；变迁

IV、重点短语知搭配[注意固定短语的英汉互译]

1. an amount of大量

2. break away (from sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱

3. belong to属于

4. as well as同(一样也)；和；还

5. keep one's eyes open (for) 留心；留意

6. join ... to ... 把……和……连接或联结起来

7. be eager to do渴望去做

8. be similar to和……类似

9. refer to ... as把……称作

V、核心单词知用法[注意固定短语、句型和词块]

1. surround vt. 围绕；包围

基础练习：单句语法填空

①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.

②(2019·江苏卷)Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded (surround) by his family.

③(2018·天津卷)Now we live in a world surrounded (surround) by the “can't do” attitudes.

④(2018·天津卷)Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings (surround) during the journey?

能力提升：句式升级

(普通表达)The tall building in the distance is home to my father's company. The tall building is surrounded by a great many big trees.

⑤(高级表达)The tall building surrounded by a great many big trees in  the distance is home to my father's company.(分词作定语)

⑥(高级表达)The tall building which is surrounded by a great many big  trees in the distance is home to my father's company.(定语从句)

2. charge vt. 收费；控告；充电 n. 收费；主管；指控；控告；指责；批评

基础练习：单句语法填空

①(江苏卷)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of what it used to charge (charge)．

②(江苏卷)Far from charging (charge) consumers high prices, many of these services are free.

③—I wonder how much you charge for your services.

—The first two are free while the third costs $30.

④The man who had taken charge of the company was charged with taking drugs.

⑤Your order will be delivered free of charge within a ten­mile limit.

能力提升：一句多译

他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。

⑥The programme can't be in his charge because it is beyond his ability.

⑦He can't be in charge of the programme because it is beyond his ability.

3. amount n. 金额；数量

基础练习：单句语法填空

①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.

②It's reported that a large amount of money was spent (spend) on the bridge.

③It's reported that large amounts of money were spent (spend) on the bridge.

能力提升：完成句子

据说一大笔资金投入到了这个分公司。

④It's said that a large amount of capital is invested in the branch.

4. approach vi. 接近；靠近；走近vt. 接近；接洽；对付；着手处理 n. 接近；方法；途径

基础练习：单句语法填空

①(2020·浙江卷)I couldn't see Don, but as I approached (approach) the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently unhurt, and dashed back to me.

②(上海卷)Approaching (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.

③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)China's approach to protecting its environment while feeding its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.

④At the approach of the 2022 university entrance examination, most of us stay up late to study.

能力提升：词汇升级/句式升级

(普通表达) As the time for graduation is coming, we are busy with our papers.

⑤(高级表达)As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing near/around  the corner,we are busy with our papers.

⑥(高级表达)With the time for graduation approaching,we are busy with our papers.(with复合结构)

5. belong to属于；归属；为……的一员

基础练习：单句语法填空

①(2019·浙江卷)The students feel that they belong to a particular group.

②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings (belong)?

③—Have you seen a dictionary belonging (belong) to our school library?

—Yes, it is over there and Mary is using it.

能力提升：一句多译

众所周知，中国是属于第三世界的国家。

④It is well­known that China is a country which belongs to the Third World.(定语从句)

⑤It is well­known that China is a country belonging to the Third World.(分词作定语)

VI、高级结构会变通[注意高级在写作中的仿写]

1. have sth. done

基础练习：单句语法填空

①I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and have my false teeth fixed (fix)．

②(北京卷)I won't have you making (make)the same mistake again and again.

③When his mother had him do his homework, he decided to have his light burning (burn) all night to pretend he was working hard.

④(山东卷)I have a lot of readings to complete(complete) before the end of this term.

能力提升：句式升级

(普通表达)You should take the chance to deepen your knowledge of traditional Chinese culture.

⑤(高级表达)You should take the chance to have your knowledge of  traditional Chinese culture deepened.(have＋宾语＋宾补)

2. have sth. done

今年夏天我要把我的房间装修一下，因为它有点旧了。

I will have my room decorated this summer because it is a bit old.

3. be likely to

据我判断，你更有可能获得这个工作。

As far as I can judge, you are more likely to get the job.

二、语法知识检测

Ⅰ.用动词的适当形式填空并指明所作成分

1．During the Qin dynasty, to keep the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qin Shihuang had all the walls joined (join) up.(宾补)

2．With all the porridge eaten (eat) up, he left the dining table.(宾补)

3．My grandparents live in the countryside. They keep a dog called (call) Ah Bao.(定语)

4．Soldiers came to rescue those buried (bury) under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes, and shelters for the homeless.(定语)

5．She was fluent in Chinese while I had difficulty with my spoken (speak) English.(定语)

6．(2019·天津高考)Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially designed (design) to help them succeed academically and personally.(定语)

7．Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent (spend) with his students.(定语)

8．To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study conducted (conduct) in Australia in 2012.(定语)

9．In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden (hide) within the work.(定语)

10．The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras returned (return) to our shop for quality problems.(定语)

11．Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointed (appoint) to guard her.(定语)

12．(2018·天津高考)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph taken (take)．(宾补)

13．Back from his two­year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother taken (take) good care of at home.(宾补)

Ⅱ.用提示词翻译句子(使用过去分词)

1．我把车停在了车库，在那儿可以给电池充电。(charge)

I parked my car in the garage, where I could get my battery charged.

2．我发现我们班好多学生对英语感兴趣。(interest)

I find many students in my class interested in English.

3．当我进屋时，我注意到鲍勃在埋头玩游戏。(bury)

When entering the room, I noticed Bob buried in playing games.

4．贼被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。(with结构/tie)

The thief was brought in, with both hands tied behind his back.

5．我的眼疼，我想明天去检查眼睛。(examine)

My eyes hurt. I want to have them examined tomorrow.

6．在十字道口，我看到她被车撞倒了。(knock)

At the crossroads, I saw her knocked down by a car.

7．他醒来时，发现世界已经变了。(change)

When he woke up, he found the world changed already.

三、写作知识检测

假定你是李华，今年暑假你去张家口的草原天路游玩，请你用英语介绍一下天路风景。

内容包括：

1.地理位置：张北县和崇礼县交界，总长130公里；

2.草原美景：湛蓝的天空，白云飘飘，触手可及；起伏的草原，绿野中片片花海；牛羊成群，悠闲静谧；

3.草原美食及活动：烤全羊；篝火晚会。

注意：写作词数应为80左右。

提示词：草原天路 Grassland Skyline　篝火晚会 bonfire party

第一步：认真审题　谋篇布局

第二步：核心词汇　想周全

1．位于……　be located in/at

2．蜿蜒前进  wind one's way

3．总长……  cover a distance of

4．被……点缀  be dotted with

5．品尝/体验……  have a taste of

6．起伏的山丘  the rolling hillside

7．视觉的盛宴  a feast for eyes

第三步：由词及句　雏形现

1．草原天路位于张家口市张北县与崇礼县交界处，全长130公里。

Located at the joining place of Zhangbei County and Chongli County in Zhangjiakou City, the Grassland Skyline covers a distance of 130 kilometers.

2．白云在天空翻滚，似乎触手可及。

White clouds roll in the sky, as if they were within reach.

3．满山坡的花草是视觉的盛宴。

Flowers and grass on the hillside are a feast for eyes.

4．起伏的草地被成群的牛羊点缀着。

The rolling grassland is dotted with crowds of cattle and sheep.

5．清晨走在幽静的小径上，听着鸟儿的歌唱，呼吸着新鲜的空气，看着牛羊静静地吃草，我们感到轻松，神清气爽。

Walking on the quiet path in the morning, listening to birds singing, breathing fresh air and watching cattle and sheep quietly eating grass，we feel relaxed and refreshed.

6．夜幕降临，我们可以惬意地吃烤羊肉，看篝火晚会。

When night falls, we can eat roast mutton and watch the bonfire party.

7．一路走来全是风景，那种美令我难以忘怀！

The whole journey is full of scenery, and the beauty is unforgettable to me!

第四步：句式升级　造亮点

用with复合结构合并3,4句

Flowers and grass on the hillside are a feast for eyes with the rolling grassland dotted with crowds of cattle and sheep.

第五步：合理过渡　完美卷面

Located at the joining place of Zhangbei County and Chongli County in Zhangjiakou City, the Grassland Skyline covers a distance of 130 kilometers.

White clouds roll in the sky, as if they were within reach. Flowers and grass on the hillside are a feast for eyes with the rolling grassland dotted with crowds of cattle and sheep. Walking on the quiet path in the morning, listening to birds singing, breathing fresh air and watching cattle and sheep quietly eating grass，we feel relaxed and refreshed. When night falls, we can eat roast mutton and watch the bonfire party.

The whole journey is full of scenery, and the beauty is unforgettable to me!