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2022-2023学年山东省济南市章丘第四中学高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年山东省济南市章丘第四中学高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
山东省章丘四中2022-2023学年度高一英语期末考试卷
考试时间：120分钟;
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷(选择题)
一、听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much will the woman pay if she buys two skirts?
A. $18. B. $19. C. $20.
2. What will the speakers discuss first?
A. A report.
B A computer.
C. A pop.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A A child.
B. A room.
C. A present.
4. What can we learn about the woman?
A. She is angry with the man.
B. She doesn’t like her roommate.
C. She is rather quiet.
5. Where are the two speakers now?
A. On the first floor.
B. On the fourth floor.
C. On the fifth floor.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What was the woman doing before she went home?
A. Typing a report.
B. Rewriting a report.
C. Reviewing a report.
7. Where did the woman have her dinner?
A. In a restaurant.
B. In her office.
C. At home.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the man feel surprised?
A. The woman has got a new job.
B. The woman will work late.
C. The woman disagrees with him.
9. What does the woman say about her department?
A. There is a lack of trust.
B. There are serious problems.
C. There is too much pressure.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Popular sports events.
B. TV programs people like best.
C. Things people do after work.
11. How did the woman do the research?
A. She talked to people.
B. She sent letters to people.
C. She got information from papers.
12. What do most people do in their spare time?
A. Go to movies.
B. Read books.
C. Watch TV.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does this conversation take place?
A. At the airport.
B. In a restaurant.
C. On the street.
14. Why does the woman like San Francisco?
A. It has less traffic.
B. It has the best food and music.
C. People there are friendlier.
15. Where does the woman come from?
A. Pennsylvania.
B. San Francisco.
C. China.
16. What does the woman think of the man’s English?
A. Excellent.
B. Acceptable.
C. Strange.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many people are there in the woman’s family?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
18. What did the children think about having dinner together at home?
A. They thought it was funny.
B. They disliked the idea at first.
C. They liked eating with friends.
19. How often did the family finally decide to have meals together?
A. Every Sunday.
B. Twice a week.
C. Three times a week.
20. Who finally set the time for these family dinners?
A. The children.
B. The father.
C. The woman speaker.
二、阅读理解(共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
The world is full of beauty in every corner. Here are four world’s top breathtaking and beautiful travelling destinations (目的地) for you to pay a visit to.
Dominica
Dominica is known as “nature island” for a reason. This tiny Caribbean state, focuses on hot springs and long -distance walking in the rainforest rather than playing on the beach. Boiling Lake, in the Morne Trois Pitons National Park, can be reached by mountainous paths, a body of water that is well worth a visit.
Lake Bled, Slovenia
Lake Bled is one of the largest freshwater lakes on Earth. At its center lies a small island, surrounded by deep blue water. It’s no surprise that Lake Bled has developed into one of the hottest destinations in Europe in recent years. Suitable for walking and diving (潜水) adventures, this is a corner of Slovenia that needs to be explored.
Samburu, Kenya
As a hard-to-reach place in the heart of Kenya, Samburu provides a quiet and safe environment, which is good enough for some of Africa’s most unique wildlife to live in. The rich grassland of its national nature protection area is home to the endangered giraffe, as well as the pioneering Elephant Watch Camp.
Positano, Italy
Located on Italy’s Amalfi Coast, Positano is one of the most beautiful villages in Europe. Famous for its special small gift shops and waterside restaurants, not to mention the Byzantine Church (教堂), it makes for the perfect summer getaway. For divers, with its colorful plants and fish, it’s a really perfect place. Make sure to see its full form by taking a boat out from the beach for excellent sunset views.
1. What can a tourist do in Dominica?
A. Explore the nature protection area. B. Relax themselves at hot springs.
C. Go shopping at the gift shops. D. Walk on the grassland freely.
2. Which is probably the best place if you’ re interested in African animals?
A. Dominica. B. Lake Bled. C. Samburu. D. Positano.
3. What do Lake Bled and Positano have in common?
A. They are both rich in fresh water. B. They are both great places to go diving.
C. Tourists can enjoy the beautiful sunset. D. Tourists can visit the unique local church.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个世界上最令人惊叹和美丽的旅游目的地的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dominica部分的“This tiny Caribbean state, focuses on hot springs and long -distance walking in the rainforest rather than playing on the beach.(这个加勒比海小国的特色是温泉和热带雨林中的长距离散步，而不是在海滩上玩耍。)”可知，游客在Dominica可以泡温泉放松自己。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Samburu, Kenya部分的“which is good enough for some of Africa’s most unique wildlife to live in. The rich grassland of its national nature protection area is home to the endangered giraffe, as well as the pioneering Elephant Watch Camp.(这足以让非洲一些最独特的野生动物生活在其中。国家级自然保护区丰富的草原是濒危长颈鹿的家园，也是Elephant Watch Camp的所在地。)”可知，如果你对非洲动物感兴趣，Samburu是最好的地方，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lake Bled, Slovenia部分的“Suitable for walking and diving adventures, this is a corner of Slovenia that needs to be explored.(适合步行和潜水冒险，这是Slovenia的一个角落，需要探索。)”和Positano, Italy部分的“For divers, with its colorful plants and fish, it’s a really perfect place.(对潜水者来说，这里有五颜六色的植物和鱼类，真是个完美的地方。)”可知，Lake Bled和Positano都是潜水的好地方，故选B。
B
How would you go without your smartphone? For many of us, our smartphone is the first and last thing we look at every day. We depend on it to perform a number of tasks and connect with our friends and family. But have we become addicted to our phones?
Certainly, the inventor of the first mobile phone. American engineer Martin Cooper, thinks we might be. In a BBC interview, he suggested people quit scrolling (刷屏) and “get a life”. But of course, once we start scrolling or watching videos, we just can’t kick the habit. Psychologist Jean Twenge says we feel regret for “checking our phone again and again if we’re waiting for a text or getting really into social media then kind of, looking up and realising that an hour has passed.”
But does it matter if we make the most of this technology? Possibly, because like medicine, the problem appears when it is withdrawn. A study from King’s College London found young people couldn’t control the amount of time they spend on their phone. Such behaviour means that people become “anxious” or “upset” if they are not allowed to be on the phone continuously, which can cause anxiety and mental health problems.
Interestingly, another study by the London School of Economics Science suggests we don’t just look at our phones when we receive text or email messages. The people they studied felt an automatical (自动的) need to check their phone, just as a smoker would light a cigarette.
One solution could be an app that rewards (奖励) students for time spent away from their phones. Another choice is changing your smartphone to a dumbphone that has none of the things that turn your attention away. But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world!
4. What is Martin Cooper’s attitude to focusing on smartphones?
A. Uncaring.
B. Doubtful.
C. Unclear.
D. Unacceptable.
5. What does the underlined word “withdrawn” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Stopped.
B. Increased.
C. Offered.
D. Saved.
6. What is the author’s key suggestion in the last paragraph?
A. Concentrate on studies.
B. Get a reward for offline time.
C. Buy a new smartphone.
D. Contact with the real world.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Benefits from Smartphones
B. Addiction to Smartphones
C. Development of Smartphones
D. Disadvantages of Smartphones
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇议论文。智能手机已经成为人们生活中不可缺少的部分，很多人也都形成了手机依赖症。文章讲述了手机依赖症的特点及产生的问题，并希望人们能够多点时间放下手机，投入到现实世界中来。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In a BBC interview, he suggested people quit scrolling (刷屏) and “get a life”.(在接受BBC采访时，他建议人们不要再刷手机了，要“享受生活”)”可推知，Martin Cooper不支持人们天天刷手机。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Such behaviour means that people become “anxious” or “upset” if they are not allowed to be on the phone continuously, which can cause anxiety and mental health problems.(这种行为意味着，如果不允许人们持续打电话，他们会变得“焦虑”或“不安”，这可能会导致焦虑和心理健康问题)”可知，划线词所在句意为“有可能，因为就像药物一样，当它被停用时，问题就出现了”，也就是说手机就和药物一样，一直吃药会产生依赖，但一旦停药，身体就会出问题。由此推知，划线词withdrawn与stopped意思接近。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world!(但最主要的，也许我们只是需要抬头，重新连接到现实世界！)”可知，与现实世界的接触是作者在最后一段的关键建议。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段“ But have we become addicted to our phones?(但是我们已经对手机上瘾了吗？)”提出了文章的主题，下文对这一主题展开了描述，提出了人们对手机上瘾的症状和产生的问题，最后对此提出了建议。由此可知，B. Addiction to Smartphones(智能手机成瘾)适合作本文标题。故选B。
C
In the 2010s, 34-year-old Brianne Miller travelled around the world and made a surprising discovery: large amounts of plastic littering the water and doing harm to sea life. Miller knew she needed to do something.
Canadians throw out three million tons of plastic waste each year. Groups like A Greener Future, which organize litter clean-ups across Canada, think that 33% of what they pick up comes from food packaging. About one third of food produced worldwide goes to waste too, according to a UN study. Miller decided to solve the problem at the source, imagining a shop where both wasteful packaging and the bad habit of wasting food no longer existed.
In June 2018, she opened her first zero-waste store in Canada. She named it Nada. Customers can bring their own containers (容器), though it’s not necessary: by the front door are quarrels don’t go that far. These days, especially in cities, many people live in buildings. Our neighbours are all around us — so what problems can come from that?
The first obvious cause of arguement is noise pollution. Loud noise through the walls, construction (施工), or people arguing next door can disturb the silence of your living space. Asking someone directly to turn the music down can cause you to feel anxious. However, if you get someone like a building manager to speak to your neighbour, it can make things more awkward because you didn’t speak to your neighbour directly.
And then what about smells? If your neighbour likes eating food with pungent (刺激的) smells, and the smells flow through your window, what can you do? There are some other common problems, such as water running through the wall, pets making noise, and littering from the window above you. These can bring anger over time.
It’s not easy living next door to someone, especially if they’re noisy. But having a clear and honest conversation might help. Also, try thinking if what you are doing could make your neighbours angry. If it’s something that would make you feel bad,maybe think again.
8. Why does the author mention the figures in paragraph 2?
A. To present a fact.
B. To provide an example.
C. To explain a topic.
D. To make a comparison.
9. What are you advised to do if a neighbor makes too much noise?
A Turn to the police.
B. Talk to the neighbor directly.
C. Quarrel with the neighbor.
D. Ask the building manager for help.
10. What can we infer about a neighbor’s pungent food smells?
A. They provide you pleasure.
B. They open your imagination.
C. They’re your neighbor’s favorites.
D. They make you uncomfortable.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. How to make a neighbor happy.
B. How to deal with a noisy neighbour.
C. How to communicate with a neighbour.
D. How to get along well with a neighbour.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了34岁的Brianne Miller 在发现大量的塑料垃圾散落在水中，对海洋生物造成危害。她决定做一些事来保护环境。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Canadians throw out three million tons of plastic waste each year. Groups like A Greener Future, which organize litter clean-ups across Canada, think that 33% of what they pick up comes from food packaging. About one third of food produced worldwide goes to waste too, according to a UN study. ”（加拿大每年扔掉三百万吨塑料垃圾。像“绿色未来”这样的组织，在加拿大组织垃圾清理，他们认为33% 的垃圾来自食品包装。根据联合国的一项研究，全世界大约有三分之一的食物被浪费掉了。）可推知，作者通过列举数字来表明人们对环境的破坏程度的事实，故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“It’s not easy living next door to someone, especially if they’re noisy. But having a clear and honest conversation might help.”（住在别人隔壁很不容易，尤其是当他们很吵的时候。但是有一个清晰和诚实的对话可能会有所帮助。）可知，当你的邻居很吵的时候，和邻居有一个清晰和诚实的对话可能会有所帮助。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“If your neighbour likes eating food with pungent(刺激的) smells, and the smells flow through your window, what can you do?”（如果你的邻居喜欢吃有刺激性气味的食物，而气味从你的窗户飘进来，你该怎么办？）及最后一句“These can bring anger over time.”（随着时间的推移，这些会带来愤怒。）可推知，当邻居家的刺激性食物的味道从窗户进入到我们家里，时间久了，会让我们感到愤怒，即会让我们感到不舒适。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It’s not easy living next door to someone, especially if they’re noisy. But having a clear and honest conversation might help. Also, try thinking if what you are doing could make your neighbours angry. If it’s something that would make you feel bad,maybe think again.”（住在别人隔壁很不容易，尤其是当他们很吵的时候。但是有一个清晰和诚实的对话可能会有所帮助。还有，试着想想你的所作所为是否会让你的邻居生气。如果是让你感觉不好的事情，也许再想想。）可知，本段讲到了我们在和邻居相处的时候，可以换位思考，这样就能和邻居很好的相处。可推知，本段主要讲述了如何和邻居相处。故选D。
D
World First Aid Day is a global observance that is held every year on the second Saturday in September to make people learn about how first aid can save lives. It was introduced in the year 2000 by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and has been celebrated each year ever since. Around 100 Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies organize ceremonies and events on this day every year. The theme this year is “First Response to Road Crashes” to focus on the importance of giving first aid to save the lives of people involved in road traffic accidents.
Worldwide, about 2 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road crashes each year; road accidents are the primary reason for death among young people aged 15 to 29, given that 49% of deaths are pedestrians (行人). For motorcyclists, wearing a motorcycle helmet can reduce the risk of death in the event of a crash (by up to 40% ) and the chance of a serious injury (by up to 70% ). Seat belts reduce the risk of death by 45% to 50% for front-seat passengers and up to 75% for rear-seat passengers. Lack of oxygen (or hypoxia) is one of the most common causes of death among traffic accident victims. Road accidents right now rank as the 9th leading cause of death and are expected to climb up to the 7th position by 2030.
To respond to the theme of “First Response to Road Crashes”, the IFRC has a toolkit (软件包) on their website that consists of an interactive quiz, posters, and learning material on first aid in response to a road crash. The learning material lists the “Top 10 Prevention / Simple Actions to help avoid a car crash” and the “Top 10 Action / First Aid actions in case of the road accident”. The interactive quiz evaluates (评估) your behaviour on the road.
It is vital that everyone follows simple rules like respecting other people and traffic regulations, fastening seat belts, wearing helmets and high-visibility protective clothing. All these can prevent road crashes. For more information please click here.
12. What can we know about World First Aid Day?
A. It was founded by IFRC.
B. It has a history of 30 years.
C. It is celebrated on the same day each year.
D. It mainly aims to reduce the traffic accidents.
13. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Some advice on safe driving. B. Danger of breaking traffic rules.
C. Some facts about road accidents. D. First-aid tips for road crashes.
14. What can you do with the toolkit?
A. Assess your car conditions. B. Finish a quiz to win awards.
C. Design posters about first aid. D. Test your knowledge of first aid.
15. Where does the text most probably appear?
A. In a newspaper. B. On the Internet.
C. In a magazine. D. In a textbook.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界急救日的相关情况。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“It was introduced in the year 2000 by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and has been celebrated each year ever since.(它于2000年由红十字会与红新月会国际联合会（IFRC）推出，此后每年都会举行庆祝活动)”可知，世界急救日是由红十字会与红新月会国际联合会创立的。故选A。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Worldwide, about 2 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road crashes each year; road accidents are the primary reason for death among young people aged 15 to 29, given that 49% of deaths are pedestrians (行人).(全世界每年约有200万人死于车祸，5000万人受伤；道路事故是15至29岁年轻人死亡的主要原因，因为49%的死亡是行人)”及下文中介绍每年道路交通事故造成的伤亡，降低死亡率的安全措施等可知，本段介绍了有关道路交通事故的一些事实。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To respond to the theme of “First Response to Road Crashes”, the IFRC has a toolkit (软件包) on their website that consists of an interactive quiz, posters, and learning material on first aid in response to a road crash.(为了响应“对道路交通事故的第一反应”这一主题，红十字与红新月联会在其网站上设置了一个软件包，包括一个互动测验、海报和关于道路交通事故急救的学习材料)”可知，软件包可以帮助检测你在急救方面的知识。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段最后一句“For more information please click here.(有关更多信息，请单击此处)”可推知，文本很可能出现在互联网上。故选B。
三、七选五(共5题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
What is the best sleep position for your health?
It’s difficult to control what sleeping position we naturally fall into, as our body will subconsciously fall into the most comfortable position for us. However, some positions are better for you than others and some could hold back your health and wellbeing. ____16____
If you sleep on your side
More than 60 per cent of people sleep on their side. Often our body naturally moves to this position, which is linked to when we were in the womb in the foetal (胎儿的) position. ____17____ It offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment (脊椎对齐) which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring (打鼾).
If you sleep on your back
Lying on your back is the second most popular sleeping position and offers just as many benefits as side sleeping. When you’re sleeping on your back, it’s easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weight. ____18____
If you sleep on your stomach
Sleeping on your stomach is the least common sleeping position. ____19____ And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night’s sleep. The stomach offers the least amount of back support and can increase pressure on the spine which may cause pain once you wake up.
____20____ You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems, or if you often have back and neck pain. Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of trying, but again, it all depends on you.
A. This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain.
B. Sleeping on your side is probably the best position.
C. Side sleeping would be particularly beneficial for older people.
D. There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.
E. Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference.
F. Here, this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health.
G. This is mostly likely because it is one of the most comfortable sleeping positions.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了几种睡姿对人健康的影响。
【16题详解】
由下文小标题“If you sleep on your side(如果你侧卧着睡觉)”,“If you sleep on your back(如果你仰卧着睡觉)”和“If you sleep on your stomach(如果你趴着睡觉)”可知，后文作者就不同睡觉姿势进行了分析。而F项Here, this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health.(在这里，这篇文章揭示了你的睡眠姿势是如何影响你的健康的。)符合语境，有启下作用，其中sleep position和下文小标题。故选F项。
【17题详解】
由下文“It offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment (脊椎对齐) which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring (打鼾).(它给你的身体带来了很多好处，从促进健康的脊椎对齐，有助于防止背痛，到减少胃灼热和打鼾。)”可知，侧睡有很多好处，而B项Sleeping on your side is probably the best position.(侧卧可能是最好的姿势。)符合语境，其中Sleeping on your side与小标题If you sleep on your side对应，the best position和后文a number of benefits对应。故选B项。
【18题详解】
由上文“When you’re sleeping on your back, it’s easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weight.(当你仰卧着睡觉时，很容易保持身体匀称，也很容易均匀地分配体重。)”可知，这里讲仰卧着睡觉的一个好处，而A项This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain.(这也有助于防止任何颈部和背部疼痛。)符合语境，This代指前面sleeping on your back，also表明这里接着上面讲卧着睡觉的另一个好处，有承上作用。故选A项。
【19题详解】
由下文“And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night’s sleep. (而那些趴着睡觉的人可能会让自己晚上睡得不安稳。)”可知，这里讲趴着睡觉的坏处，而D项There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.(与积极因素相比，这一睡觉方式的消极因素更多。)符合语境，其中negatives和下文举例内容对应，有启下作用。故选D项。
【20题详解】
由后文“You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems, or if you often have back and neck pain. Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of trying, but again, it all depends on you.(你应该考虑各种因素，比如你是否打鼾或有睡眠问题，或者你是否经常背部和颈部疼痛。侧睡被认为是对身体最好的姿势，所以这可能是一种尝试并养成尝试的习惯，但这一切都取决于你。)”可知，作者建议读者根据自身情况决定睡姿。而E项Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference. (确定你的睡姿是个人喜好。)符合语境，其中Determining the sleeping position和后文it all depends on you对应。故选E项。
四、完形填空(共15题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Many poor children in Africa struggle on tuition for an education. However, a new school has been asking their pupils to pay for classes with ____21____.
Every week, students ____22____ the Akshar School are required to line up and “pay” for their classes using grocery bags ____23____ at least 25 pieces of plastic waste they ____24____ from around their homes and communities.
Parmita and Mazin, the couple ____25____ for the new school, were ____26____ to launch the campaign after witnessing their students being forced to ____27____ the acrid smell of burning plastic. That’s ____28____ before the school was opened in 2016, local families and communities ____29____ burned plastic waste as a means of keeping warm and fueling fires.
Now, the plastic is being collected and recycled at the school’s own recycling center. The school _____30_____ the trash into Ecobricks by compressing (压缩) about 40 pieces of garbage into a(n) _____31_____ plastic bottle.
Furthermore, the school’s older students can work part-time at the center as an additional source of _____32_____.
Now the school owns over 100 students _____33_____ the ages of 4 and 15. Since the school’s _____34_____ curriculum has attracted more and more _____35_____ to enroll, the couple plan on opening another 100 schools over the next five years.
21. A. working hours B. farm products C. plastic waste D. burned trash
22. A. leaving B. attending C. finishing D. damaging
23. A. taking in B. spreading out C. attached to D. filled with
24. A. collected B. borrowed C. explored D. counted
25. A. anxious B. grateful C. responsible D. qualified
26. A. changed B. inspired C. prohibited D. recommended
27. A. stand B. enjoy C. observe D. control
28. A. as if B. although C. because D. in case
29. A. consequently B. obviously C. eventually D. commonly
30. A. buries B. removes C. throws D. recycles
31. A. single B. straight C. large D. twisted
32. A. income B. credits C. scores D. trash
33. A. of B. at C. between D. from
34. A. efficient B. creative C. skillful D. respected
35. A. teachers B. beggars C. partners D. students
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一对夫妇开了一所学校， 让学生用捡来的塑料废品来抵消学费，从而为保护环境作出了贡献。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一所新学校要求学生用塑料垃圾支付学费。A. working hours工作时间；B. farm products农产品；C. plastic waste塑料废物；D. burned trash焚烧垃圾。根据“and “pay” for their classes using grocery bags ____3____ at least 25 pieces of plastic waste”可知，学生可以通过捡塑料废品并将其上交这种方式来支付学费。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A. leaving离开；B. attending上（学）， 出席；C. finishing完成；D. damaging损害。根据“the Akshar School”可知，来学校上学的学生都排着队，用捡来的塑料废品“支付”学费。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A. taking in吸收；B. spreading out传播开；C. attached to附在……上；D. filled with装满。根据“at least 25 pieces of plastic waste””可知，袋子里装满了塑料废品。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A. collected收集；B. borrowed借来；C. explored探索；D. counted计算。根据“from around their homes and communities.”可知，学生应从家和社区周边收集至少 25 份塑料废品。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A. anxious焦急的；B. grateful感激的；C. responsible负责的，有责任的；D. qualified有资格的。根据“were ____6____ to launch the campaign after witnessing their students being forced to ____7____ the acrid smell of burning plastic.”可知，这所学校是由一对夫妇负责的。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A. changed改变；B. inspired启发；C. prohibited禁止；D. recommended建议。根据“after witnessing their students being forced to ____7____ the acrid smell of burning plastic.”可知，这对夫妇在目睹了学生被迫闻烧焦塑料的刺鼻气味后受到启发， 想建立一个用塑料垃圾支付学费的学校。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A. stand忍受；B. enjoy喜欢；C. observe观察；D. control控制。根据“the acrid smell of burning plastic.”可知，孩子们要忍受焚烧塑料所带来的刺鼻气味。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查连词（短语）词义辨析。句意：这是因为在这所学校2016年开学之前，当地家庭和社区通常焚烧塑料垃圾作为取暖和生火的手段。A. as if好像；B. although尽管；C. because因为；D. in case以防。根据“and communities ____9____ burned plastic waste as a means of keeping warm and fueling fires.”可知，学生被迫闻刺鼻气味是因为当地住户常常通过焚烧塑料废品来取暖生火。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是因为在这所学校2016年开学之前，当地家庭和社区通常焚烧塑料垃圾作为取暖和生火的手段。A. consequently因此；B. obviously显然；C. eventually最终；D. commonly通常地。根据“burned plastic waste as a means of keeping warm and fueling fires.”可知，这是因为当地住户常常通过焚烧塑料废品来取暖生火。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校将大约40块垃圾压缩到一个塑料瓶中，将垃圾回收成生态砖。A. buries埋葬；B. removes消除；C. throws扔；D. recycles回收。根据“Now, the plastic is being collected and recycled at the school’s own recycling center.”可知，学校收集完学生带来的垃圾后，再把垃圾进行处理回收。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校将大约40块垃圾压缩到一个塑料瓶中，将垃圾回收成生态砖。A. single单一；B. straight直的；C. large大的；D. twisted扭曲的。根据“The school ____10____ the trash into Ecobricks by compressing (压缩) about 40 pieces of garbage”可知，在被加工的塑料废品中，每 40 份废品可以做成一个塑料瓶。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，学校的高年级学生可以在该中心做兼职工作，作为额外的收入来源。A. income收入；B. credits信用；C. scores得分；D. trash废物。根据“Furthermore, the school’s older students can work part-time at the center”可知，年纪大些的学生可以在可回收中心做兼职赚钱，将此作为额外收入。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在学校有100多名4到15岁的学生。A. of关于；B. at在；C. between在……之间；D. from来自。between...and...为固定用法，意为“在……和……之间”。 根据“Now the school owns over 100 students”可知，此处指现在这所学校有 100 多名学生，学生的年龄在 4 岁到 15 岁之间。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于学校的创新课程吸引了越来越多的学生入学，这对夫妇计划在未来五年内再开设100所学校。A. efficient效率高的；B. creative创新的；C. skillful熟练的；D. respected尊敬的。根据语境可知，学校有很多创新课程。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于学校的创新课程吸引了越来越多的学生入学，这对夫妇计划在未来五年内再开设100所学校。A. teachers老师；B. beggars乞丐；C. partners父母；D. students学生。根据“Since the school’s ____14____ curriculum has attracted more”可知，学校的创新课程吸引着越来越多的学生。故选D。
五、语法填空(共10题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the heart of modern Beijing is the Forbidden City. It served as the political center of ancient China between 1420 and 1912 and now it is ____36____ world famous museum.
The Forbidden City ____37____ (build) by Emperor Yongle, the third Ming ruler, ____38____ moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijng in 1403. Sources say it took a million ____39____ (worker) to build it between 1406 and 1420. Legend has it that the Forbidden City was redesigned to have 9, 9991/2 rooms. Half a room is missing to avoid ____40____ (upset) the God of Heaven. The maincolors of the Forbidden City are yellow and red. The walls, doors, and windows were ____41____ (most) painted in red, a symbol of ____42____ (happy) in Chinese culture.
The English name “Forbidden City” is a translation of the Chinese name Zijincheng. In the past, it was forbidden to ordinary people and that is ____43____ the Forbidden City is so named. After the Qing Dynasty, it was made a ____44____ (nation) museum-the Palace Museum and was open to the public. As one of the world’s largest cultural museums, the Palace Museum holds more than a million rare and valuable works of art. So do find a chance _____45_____ (visit) it some day!
【答案】36. a 37. was built
38. who 39. workers
40. upsetting
41. mostly 42. happiness
43. why 44. national
45. to visit
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了紫禁城的相关情况，比如由谁建立、怎么得到这个英文名称等。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在1420至1912年间，它都是古代中国的政治中心，现在它是一个全世界闻名的博物馆。分析句意可知，空格处填写冠词a，表示数量“一个”著名博物馆。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：紫禁城由明代第三个皇帝永乐大帝修建，他于1403年把都城从南京搬到北京。分析句意可知，此处谓语动词build“建立”与主语The Forbidden City “紫禁城”构成被动关系，且为过去发生的事，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：紫禁城由明代第三个皇帝永乐大帝修建，他于1403年把都城从南京搬到北京。分析句意可知，此处需填写连词连接非限定性定语从句，因为先行词为人Emperor Yongle “永乐大帝”，且在从句中作主语，故使用关系代词who。故填who。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：资料称1406至1420年间，上百万工人被用来修筑紫禁城。分析句意可知，此处worker“工人”前有量词a million“一百万”修饰，故应该使用复数形式。故填workers。
【40题详解】
考查动名词。句意：为了避免上天生气，一半的房子消失了。分析句意可知，avoid“避免”后常接动名词作宾语，故此处需要使用upset“使生气”的动名词形式。故填upsetting。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：墙壁、门窗都被涂成了红色，是中国文化中幸福的象征。分析句意可知，此处most“大多数的”需改为副词形式mostly，修饰动词painted“涂”。故填mostly。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：墙壁、门窗都被涂成了红色，是中国文化中幸福的象征。分析句意可知，此处形容词happy“开心的”需要改为名词happiness“幸福”在句中作介词of的宾语。故填happiness。
【43题详解】
考查连词。过去，紫禁城不对普通大众开放，这就是为什么它被命名为“the forbidden city（被禁止的诚市）”。分析句意可知，空格处填写连词连接表语从句，且连词在表语从句中作原因状语，使用why符合语境。故填why。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：清朝之后，它被作为一个国家博物馆-故宫博物馆，对公众开放。分析句意可知，此处名词nation“国家”需要改为形容词national，作定语修饰museum“博物馆”。故填national。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：所以哪天一定要找一个机会来参观一下！分析句意可知，此处a chance抽象名词，后常接不定式作后置定语，故visit“参观”应该使用不定式。故填to visit。
六、根据汉语意思或首写字母填写单词(共10题;每小题2分，满分20分)
46. In the film The Battle at lake Changin, Qianli Wu s____________ the war fortunately, but many of his friends died of hunger and coldness. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】survived/urvived
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：在电影《长津湖》里，伍千里幸运地在战争里幸存下来，但是他的许多朋友死于了饥饿和寒冷。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词survive，不及物动词，需用主动语态，作谓语动词，由died of可知，整句谓语为一般过去时。故填survived。
47. After a long period running test, the control system ________(运转) well and runs stably and reliably. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】functions##operates##works##runs
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：经过长时间的运行测试，控制系统功能良好，运行稳定可靠。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，根据汉语提示“运转”，结合后面动词runs，可知，为一般现在时，functions/operates/works/runs运转，符合题意。故填functions/operates/works/runs。
48. F________ by smoke and noise, the child hides under a bed and is later found dead. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Frightened##rightened
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于害怕烟雾和噪音，孩子躲在床底下，后来发现他死了。be frightened by被……吓坏，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填Frightened。
49. New research data from earthquake zones is helping architects to design safer buildings that will not be d________ during an earthquake. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】destroyed##estroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：来自地震灾区的新研究数据正在帮助建筑师设计更安全的建筑，使其在地震中不会被摧毁。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“摧毁”应用动词destroy，由will not be和句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，修饰buildings，所以that代指buildings，且buildings和动词destroy是被动关系，应用过去分词形式destroyed和will not be构成一般将来时的被动的否定，故填destroyed。
50. The money was collected for a ______ (具体的) purpose. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】specific
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这笔钱是为一个特定的（具体的）目的而筹集的。此处应填形容词修饰名词purpose（目的），再结合汉语提示可知是specific（具体的，特定的，明确的），故填specific。
51. They had to ______ (斗争) against all kinds of difficulties.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】struggle
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他们不得不与各种各样的困难作斗争。根据汉语意思“斗争”以及上文had to可知应填动词原形struggle“斗争”。故填struggle。
52. D_____ the cold weather, we had a happy weekend.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】Despite
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管天气很冷，我们周末过的很愉快。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意和首字母提示可推出是despite“尽管”，故填Despite。
53. French is not his n_____ tongue though he can speak it fluently. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】native
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管他能说得很流利，但法语不是他的母语。此处处应填形容词修饰名词tongue，再根据句意中的转折进行推断（说得流利但不是母语），并结合首字母提示可推出是native（本国的，本地的，土著的），native tongue是固定搭配，意为“母语”，故填native。
54. Women in our country enjoy e_____ rights with men.（根据首字母填空）
【答案】equal##qual
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们国家的女性享有和男性平等的权利。此处应填形容词，修饰名词rights，再结合句意和首字母提示可推出是equal“平等的”。故填equal。
55. The report seeks to r_____ the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.（根据首字母填空）
【答案】relate##elate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：该报告试图将犯罪率的上升与失业率的上升联系起来。结合句意和首字母以及和后面to搭配，可推出填relate。短语relate…to…表“把...与...联系起来”，又因seek to 后用动词原形。故填relate。
七、写作(满分15分)
56. 你校英文报社举办征文比赛，要求以“My happy family”为主题写一则小故事，描述自己的家庭。请按要求投稿，内容如下：
1.描述一件你和家人的美好往事；
2.阐述令你印象深刻的原因。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 There are five people in my family. We live happily together. There are many things occurring around us, creating many wonderful and loving moments in my memory.
Last weekend, my parents and I celebrated my grandpa’s birthday happily. On the early morning of the big day, my grandpa and I set out for the park. Considering his age, I accompanied him to the top of the mountain by cable car. Enjoying the beautiful scenery, we couldn’t help taking lots of photos. When we came back home at noon, my parents had already prepared a big lunch for us. All my family enjoyed the meal happily.
Seeing the smiles on my grandpa’ s face, I was glad and proud to have done something to show my love to him.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放作文。要求考生以“My happy family”为主题写一则描述自己的家庭的小故事，内容包括描述一件自己和家人的美好往事并阐述令自己印象深刻的原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
庆祝：celebrate→observe
出发；动身：set out for→set off for
考虑到：considering→given
开心地：happily→heartily
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Seeing the smiles on my grandpa’s faces, I was glad and proud to have done something to show my love to them.
拓展句：When I saw the smiles on my grandpa’s faces, I was glad and proud to have done something to show my love to him.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Enjoying the beautiful scenery, we couldn’t help taking lots of photos.(运用了现在分词短语作状语)
【高分句型2】When we came back home at noon, my parents had already prepared a big lunch for us.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
山东省章丘四中2022-2023学年度高一英语期末考试卷
考试时间：120分钟;
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷(选择题)
一、听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much will the woman pay if she buys two skirts?
A. $18. B. $19. C. $20.
2. What will the speakers discuss first?
A. A report.
B A computer.
C. A pop.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A A child.
B. A room.
C. A present.
4. What can we learn about the woman?
A. She is angry with the man.
B. She doesn’t like her roommate.
C. She is rather quiet.
5. Where are the two speakers now?
A. On the first floor.
B. On the fourth floor.
C. On the fifth floor.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What was the woman doing before she went home?
A. Typing a report.
B. Rewriting a report.
C. Reviewing a report.
7. Where did the woman have her dinner?
A. In a restaurant.
B. In her office.
C. At home.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the man feel surprised?
A. The woman has got a new job.
B. The woman will work late.
C. The woman disagrees with him.
9. What does the woman say about her department?
A. There is a lack of trust.
B. There are serious problems.
C. There is too much pressure.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Popular sports events.
B. TV programs people like best.
C. Things people do after work.
11. How did the woman do the research?
A. She talked to people.
B. She sent letters to people.
C. She got information from papers.
12. What do most people do in their spare time?
A. Go to movies.
B. Read books.
C. Watch TV.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does this conversation take place?
A. At the airport.
B. In a restaurant.
C. On the street.
14. Why does the woman like San Francisco?
A. It has less traffic.
B. It has the best food and music.
C. People there are friendlier.
15. Where does the woman come from?
A. Pennsylvania.
B. San Francisco.
C. China.
16. What does the woman think of the man’s English?
A. Excellent.
B. Acceptable.
C. Strange.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many people are there in the woman’s family?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
18. What did the children think about having dinner together at home?
A. They thought it was funny.
B. They disliked the idea at first.
C. They liked eating with friends.
19. How often did the family finally decide to have meals together?
A. Every Sunday.
B. Twice a week.
C. Three times a week.
20. Who finally set the time for these family dinners?
A. The children.
B. The father.
C. The woman speaker.
二、阅读理解(共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
The world is full of beauty in every corner. Here are four world’s top breathtaking and beautiful travelling destinations (目的地) for you to pay a visit to.
Dominica
Dominica is known as “nature island” for a reason. This tiny Caribbean state, focuses on hot springs and long -distance walking in the rainforest rather than playing on the beach. Boiling Lake, in the Morne Trois Pitons National Park, can be reached by mountainous paths, a body of water that is well worth a visit.
Lake Bled, Slovenia
Lake Bled is one of the largest freshwater lakes on Earth. At its center lies a small island, surrounded by deep blue water. It’s no surprise that Lake Bled has developed into one of the hottest destinations in Europe in recent years. Suitable for walking and diving (潜水) adventures, this is a corner of Slovenia that needs to be explored.
Samburu, Kenya
As a hard-to-reach place in the heart of Kenya, Samburu provides a quiet and safe environment, which is good enough for some of Africa’s most unique wildlife to live in. The rich grassland of its national nature protection area is home to the endangered giraffe, as well as the pioneering Elephant Watch Camp.
Positano, Italy
Located on Italy’s Amalfi Coast, Positano is one of the most beautiful villages in Europe. Famous for its special small gift shops and waterside restaurants, not to mention the Byzantine Church (教堂), it makes for the perfect summer getaway. For divers, with its colorful plants and fish, it’s a really perfect place. Make sure to see its full form by taking a boat out from the beach for excellent sunset views.
1. What can a tourist do in Dominica?
A. Explore the nature protection area. B. Relax themselves at hot springs.
C. Go shopping at the gift shops. D. Walk on the grassland freely.
2. Which is probably the best place if you’ re interested in African animals?
A. Dominica. B. Lake Bled. C. Samburu. D. Positano.
3. What do Lake Bled and Positano have in common?
A. They are both rich in fresh water. B. They are both great places to go diving.
C. Tourists can enjoy the beautiful sunset. D. Tourists can visit the unique local church.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个世界上最令人惊叹和美丽的旅游目的地的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dominica部分的“This tiny Caribbean state, focuses on hot springs and long -distance walking in the rainforest rather than playing on the beach.(这个加勒比海小国的特色是温泉和热带雨林中的长距离散步，而不是在海滩上玩耍。)”可知，游客在Dominica可以泡温泉放松自己。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Samburu, Kenya部分的“which is good enough for some of Africa’s most unique wildlife to live in. The rich grassland of its national nature protection area is home to the endangered giraffe, as well as the pioneering Elephant Watch Camp.(这足以让非洲一些最独特的野生动物生活在其中。国家级自然保护区丰富的草原是濒危长颈鹿的家园，也是Elephant Watch Camp的所在地。)”可知，如果你对非洲动物感兴趣，Samburu是最好的地方，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lake Bled, Slovenia部分的“Suitable for walking and diving adventures, this is a corner of Slovenia that needs to be explored.(适合步行和潜水冒险，这是Slovenia的一个角落，需要探索。)”和Positano, Italy部分的“For divers, with its colorful plants and fish, it’s a really perfect place.(对潜水者来说，这里有五颜六色的植物和鱼类，真是个完美的地方。)”可知，Lake Bled和Positano都是潜水的好地方，故选B。
B
How would you go without your smartphone? For many of us, our smartphone is the first and last thing we look at every day. We depend on it to perform a number of tasks and connect with our friends and family. But have we become addicted to our phones?
Certainly, the inventor of the first mobile phone. American engineer Martin Cooper, thinks we might be. In a BBC interview, he suggested people quit scrolling (刷屏) and “get a life”. But of course, once we start scrolling or watching videos, we just can’t kick the habit. Psychologist Jean Twenge says we feel regret for “checking our phone again and again if we’re waiting for a text or getting really into social media then kind of, looking up and realising that an hour has passed.”
But does it matter if we make the most of this technology? Possibly, because like medicine, the problem appears when it is withdrawn. A study from King’s College London found young people couldn’t control the amount of time they spend on their phone. Such behaviour means that people become “anxious” or “upset” if they are not allowed to be on the phone continuously, which can cause anxiety and mental health problems.
Interestingly, another study by the London School of Economics Science suggests we don’t just look at our phones when we receive text or email messages. The people they studied felt an automatical (自动的) need to check their phone, just as a smoker would light a cigarette.
One solution could be an app that rewards (奖励) students for time spent away from their phones. Another choice is changing your smartphone to a dumbphone that has none of the things that turn your attention away. But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world!
4. What is Martin Cooper’s attitude to focusing on smartphones?
A. Uncaring.
B. Doubtful.
C. Unclear.
D. Unacceptable.
5. What does the underlined word “withdrawn” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Stopped.
B. Increased.
C. Offered.
D. Saved.
6. What is the author’s key suggestion in the last paragraph?
A. Concentrate on studies.
B. Get a reward for offline time.
C. Buy a new smartphone.
D. Contact with the real world.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Benefits from Smartphones
B. Addiction to Smartphones
C. Development of Smartphones
D. Disadvantages of Smartphones
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇议论文。智能手机已经成为人们生活中不可缺少的部分，很多人也都形成了手机依赖症。文章讲述了手机依赖症的特点及产生的问题，并希望人们能够多点时间放下手机，投入到现实世界中来。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In a BBC interview, he suggested people quit scrolling (刷屏) and “get a life”.(在接受BBC采访时，他建议人们不要再刷手机了，要“享受生活”)”可推知，Martin Cooper不支持人们天天刷手机。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Such behaviour means that people become “anxious” or “upset” if they are not allowed to be on the phone continuously, which can cause anxiety and mental health problems.(这种行为意味着，如果不允许人们持续打电话，他们会变得“焦虑”或“不安”，这可能会导致焦虑和心理健康问题)”可知，划线词所在句意为“有可能，因为就像药物一样，当它被停用时，问题就出现了”，也就是说手机就和药物一样，一直吃药会产生依赖，但一旦停药，身体就会出问题。由此推知，划线词withdrawn与stopped意思接近。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world!(但最主要的，也许我们只是需要抬头，重新连接到现实世界！)”可知，与现实世界的接触是作者在最后一段的关键建议。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段“ But have we become addicted to our phones?(但是我们已经对手机上瘾了吗？)”提出了文章的主题，下文对这一主题展开了描述，提出了人们对手机上瘾的症状和产生的问题，最后对此提出了建议。由此可知，B. Addiction to Smartphones(智能手机成瘾)适合作本文标题。故选B。
C
In the 2010s, 34-year-old Brianne Miller travelled around the world and made a surprising discovery: large amounts of plastic littering the water and doing harm to sea life. Miller knew she needed to do something.
Canadians throw out three million tons of plastic waste each year. Groups like A Greener Future, which organize litter clean-ups across Canada, think that 33% of what they pick up comes from food packaging. About one third of food produced worldwide goes to waste too, according to a UN study. Miller decided to solve the problem at the source, imagining a shop where both wasteful packaging and the bad habit of wasting food no longer existed.
In June 2018, she opened her first zero-waste store in Canada. She named it Nada. Customers can bring their own containers (容器), though it’s not necessary: by the front door are quarrels don’t go that far. These days, especially in cities, many people live in buildings. Our neighbours are all around us — so what problems can come from that?
The first obvious cause of arguement is noise pollution. Loud noise through the walls, construction (施工), or people arguing next door can disturb the silence of your living space. Asking someone directly to turn the music down can cause you to feel anxious. However, if you get someone like a building manager to speak to your neighbour, it can make things more awkward because you didn’t speak to your neighbour directly.
And then what about smells? If your neighbour likes eating food with pungent (刺激的) smells, and the smells flow through your window, what can you do? There are some other common problems, such as water running through the wall, pets making noise, and littering from the window above you. These can bring anger over time.
It’s not easy living next door to someone, especially if they’re noisy. But having a clear and honest conversation might help. Also, try thinking if what you are doing could make your neighbours angry. If it’s something that would make you feel bad,maybe think again.
8. Why does the author mention the figures in paragraph 2?
A. To present a fact.
B. To provide an example.
C. To explain a topic.
D. To make a comparison.
9. What are you advised to do if a neighbor makes too much noise?
A Turn to the police.
B. Talk to the neighbor directly.
C. Quarrel with the neighbor.
D. Ask the building manager for help.
10. What can we infer about a neighbor’s pungent food smells?
A. They provide you pleasure.
B. They open your imagination.
C. They’re your neighbor’s favorites.
D. They make you uncomfortable.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. How to make a neighbor happy.
B. How to deal with a noisy neighbour.
C. How to communicate with a neighbour.
D. How to get along well with a neighbour.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了34岁的Brianne Miller 在发现大量的塑料垃圾散落在水中，对海洋生物造成危害。她决定做一些事来保护环境。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Canadians throw out three million tons of plastic waste each year. Groups like A Greener Future, which organize litter clean-ups across Canada, think that 33% of what they pick up comes from food packaging. About one third of food produced worldwide goes to waste too, according to a UN study. ”（加拿大每年扔掉三百万吨塑料垃圾。像“绿色未来”这样的组织，在加拿大组织垃圾清理，他们认为33% 的垃圾来自食品包装。根据联合国的一项研究，全世界大约有三分之一的食物被浪费掉了。）可推知，作者通过列举数字来表明人们对环境的破坏程度的事实，故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“It’s not easy living next door to someone, especially if they’re noisy. But having a clear and honest conversation might help.”（住在别人隔壁很不容易，尤其是当他们很吵的时候。但是有一个清晰和诚实的对话可能会有所帮助。）可知，当你的邻居很吵的时候，和邻居有一个清晰和诚实的对话可能会有所帮助。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“If your neighbour likes eating food with pungent(刺激的) smells, and the smells flow through your window, what can you do?”（如果你的邻居喜欢吃有刺激性气味的食物，而气味从你的窗户飘进来，你该怎么办？）及最后一句“These can bring anger over time.”（随着时间的推移，这些会带来愤怒。）可推知，当邻居家的刺激性食物的味道从窗户进入到我们家里，时间久了，会让我们感到愤怒，即会让我们感到不舒适。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It’s not easy living next door to someone, especially if they’re noisy. But having a clear and honest conversation might help. Also, try thinking if what you are doing could make your neighbours angry. If it’s something that would make you feel bad,maybe think again.”（住在别人隔壁很不容易，尤其是当他们很吵的时候。但是有一个清晰和诚实的对话可能会有所帮助。还有，试着想想你的所作所为是否会让你的邻居生气。如果是让你感觉不好的事情，也许再想想。）可知，本段讲到了我们在和邻居相处的时候，可以换位思考，这样就能和邻居很好的相处。可推知，本段主要讲述了如何和邻居相处。故选D。
D
World First Aid Day is a global observance that is held every year on the second Saturday in September to make people learn about how first aid can save lives. It was introduced in the year 2000 by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and has been celebrated each year ever since. Around 100 Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies organize ceremonies and events on this day every year. The theme this year is “First Response to Road Crashes” to focus on the importance of giving first aid to save the lives of people involved in road traffic accidents.
Worldwide, about 2 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road crashes each year; road accidents are the primary reason for death among young people aged 15 to 29, given that 49% of deaths are pedestrians (行人). For motorcyclists, wearing a motorcycle helmet can reduce the risk of death in the event of a crash (by up to 40% ) and the chance of a serious injury (by up to 70% ). Seat belts reduce the risk of death by 45% to 50% for front-seat passengers and up to 75% for rear-seat passengers. Lack of oxygen (or hypoxia) is one of the most common causes of death among traffic accident victims. Road accidents right now rank as the 9th leading cause of death and are expected to climb up to the 7th position by 2030.
To respond to the theme of “First Response to Road Crashes”, the IFRC has a toolkit (软件包) on their website that consists of an interactive quiz, posters, and learning material on first aid in response to a road crash. The learning material lists the “Top 10 Prevention / Simple Actions to help avoid a car crash” and the “Top 10 Action / First Aid actions in case of the road accident”. The interactive quiz evaluates (评估) your behaviour on the road.
It is vital that everyone follows simple rules like respecting other people and traffic regulations, fastening seat belts, wearing helmets and high-visibility protective clothing. All these can prevent road crashes. For more information please click here.
12. What can we know about World First Aid Day?
A. It was founded by IFRC.
B. It has a history of 30 years.
C. It is celebrated on the same day each year.
D. It mainly aims to reduce the traffic accidents.
13. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Some advice on safe driving. B. Danger of breaking traffic rules.
C. Some facts about road accidents. D. First-aid tips for road crashes.
14. What can you do with the toolkit?
A. Assess your car conditions. B. Finish a quiz to win awards.
C. Design posters about first aid. D. Test your knowledge of first aid.
15. Where does the text most probably appear?
A. In a newspaper. B. On the Internet.
C. In a magazine. D. In a textbook.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界急救日的相关情况。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“It was introduced in the year 2000 by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and has been celebrated each year ever since.(它于2000年由红十字会与红新月会国际联合会（IFRC）推出，此后每年都会举行庆祝活动)”可知，世界急救日是由红十字会与红新月会国际联合会创立的。故选A。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Worldwide, about 2 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road crashes each year; road accidents are the primary reason for death among young people aged 15 to 29, given that 49% of deaths are pedestrians (行人).(全世界每年约有200万人死于车祸，5000万人受伤；道路事故是15至29岁年轻人死亡的主要原因，因为49%的死亡是行人)”及下文中介绍每年道路交通事故造成的伤亡，降低死亡率的安全措施等可知，本段介绍了有关道路交通事故的一些事实。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To respond to the theme of “First Response to Road Crashes”, the IFRC has a toolkit (软件包) on their website that consists of an interactive quiz, posters, and learning material on first aid in response to a road crash.(为了响应“对道路交通事故的第一反应”这一主题，红十字与红新月联会在其网站上设置了一个软件包，包括一个互动测验、海报和关于道路交通事故急救的学习材料)”可知，软件包可以帮助检测你在急救方面的知识。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段最后一句“For more information please click here.(有关更多信息，请单击此处)”可推知，文本很可能出现在互联网上。故选B。
三、七选五(共5题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
What is the best sleep position for your health?
It’s difficult to control what sleeping position we naturally fall into, as our body will subconsciously fall into the most comfortable position for us. However, some positions are better for you than others and some could hold back your health and wellbeing. ____16____
If you sleep on your side
More than 60 per cent of people sleep on their side. Often our body naturally moves to this position, which is linked to when we were in the womb in the foetal (胎儿的) position. ____17____ It offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment (脊椎对齐) which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring (打鼾).
If you sleep on your back
Lying on your back is the second most popular sleeping position and offers just as many benefits as side sleeping. When you’re sleeping on your back, it’s easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weight. ____18____
If you sleep on your stomach
Sleeping on your stomach is the least common sleeping position. ____19____ And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night’s sleep. The stomach offers the least amount of back support and can increase pressure on the spine which may cause pain once you wake up.
____20____ You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems, or if you often have back and neck pain. Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of trying, but again, it all depends on you.
A. This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain.
B. Sleeping on your side is probably the best position.
C. Side sleeping would be particularly beneficial for older people.
D. There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.
E. Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference.
F. Here, this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health.
G. This is mostly likely because it is one of the most comfortable sleeping positions.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了几种睡姿对人健康的影响。
【16题详解】
由下文小标题“If you sleep on your side(如果你侧卧着睡觉)”,“If you sleep on your back(如果你仰卧着睡觉)”和“If you sleep on your stomach(如果你趴着睡觉)”可知，后文作者就不同睡觉姿势进行了分析。而F项Here, this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health.(在这里，这篇文章揭示了你的睡眠姿势是如何影响你的健康的。)符合语境，有启下作用，其中sleep position和下文小标题。故选F项。
【17题详解】
由下文“It offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment (脊椎对齐) which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring (打鼾).(它给你的身体带来了很多好处，从促进健康的脊椎对齐，有助于防止背痛，到减少胃灼热和打鼾。)”可知，侧睡有很多好处，而B项Sleeping on your side is probably the best position.(侧卧可能是最好的姿势。)符合语境，其中Sleeping on your side与小标题If you sleep on your side对应，the best position和后文a number of benefits对应。故选B项。
【18题详解】
由上文“When you’re sleeping on your back, it’s easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weight.(当你仰卧着睡觉时，很容易保持身体匀称，也很容易均匀地分配体重。)”可知，这里讲仰卧着睡觉的一个好处，而A项This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain.(这也有助于防止任何颈部和背部疼痛。)符合语境，This代指前面sleeping on your back，also表明这里接着上面讲卧着睡觉的另一个好处，有承上作用。故选A项。
【19题详解】
由下文“And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night’s sleep. (而那些趴着睡觉的人可能会让自己晚上睡得不安稳。)”可知，这里讲趴着睡觉的坏处，而D项There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.(与积极因素相比，这一睡觉方式的消极因素更多。)符合语境，其中negatives和下文举例内容对应，有启下作用。故选D项。
【20题详解】
由后文“You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems, or if you often have back and neck pain. Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of trying, but again, it all depends on you.(你应该考虑各种因素，比如你是否打鼾或有睡眠问题，或者你是否经常背部和颈部疼痛。侧睡被认为是对身体最好的姿势，所以这可能是一种尝试并养成尝试的习惯，但这一切都取决于你。)”可知，作者建议读者根据自身情况决定睡姿。而E项Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference. (确定你的睡姿是个人喜好。)符合语境，其中Determining the sleeping position和后文it all depends on you对应。故选E项。
四、完形填空(共15题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Many poor children in Africa struggle on tuition for an education. However, a new school has been asking their pupils to pay for classes with ____21____.
Every week, students ____22____ the Akshar School are required to line up and “pay” for their classes using grocery bags ____23____ at least 25 pieces of plastic waste they ____24____ from around their homes and communities.
Parmita and Mazin, the couple ____25____ for the new school, were ____26____ to launch the campaign after witnessing their students being forced to ____27____ the acrid smell of burning plastic. That’s ____28____ before the school was opened in 2016, local families and communities ____29____ burned plastic waste as a means of keeping warm and fueling fires.
Now, the plastic is being collected and recycled at the school’s own recycling center. The school _____30_____ the trash into Ecobricks by compressing (压缩) about 40 pieces of garbage into a(n) _____31_____ plastic bottle.
Furthermore, the school’s older students can work part-time at the center as an additional source of _____32_____.
Now the school owns over 100 students _____33_____ the ages of 4 and 15. Since the school’s _____34_____ curriculum has attracted more and more _____35_____ to enroll, the couple plan on opening another 100 schools over the next five years.
21. A. working hours B. farm products C. plastic waste D. burned trash
22. A. leaving B. attending C. finishing D. damaging
23. A. taking in B. spreading out C. attached to D. filled with
24. A. collected B. borrowed C. explored D. counted
25. A. anxious B. grateful C. responsible D. qualified
26. A. changed B. inspired C. prohibited D. recommended
27. A. stand B. enjoy C. observe D. control
28. A. as if B. although C. because D. in case
29. A. consequently B. obviously C. eventually D. commonly
30. A. buries B. removes C. throws D. recycles
31. A. single B. straight C. large D. twisted
32. A. income B. credits C. scores D. trash
33. A. of B. at C. between D. from
34. A. efficient B. creative C. skillful D. respected
35. A. teachers B. beggars C. partners D. students
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一对夫妇开了一所学校， 让学生用捡来的塑料废品来抵消学费，从而为保护环境作出了贡献。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一所新学校要求学生用塑料垃圾支付学费。A. working hours工作时间；B. farm products农产品；C. plastic waste塑料废物；D. burned trash焚烧垃圾。根据“and “pay” for their classes using grocery bags ____3____ at least 25 pieces of plastic waste”可知，学生可以通过捡塑料废品并将其上交这种方式来支付学费。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A. leaving离开；B. attending上（学）， 出席；C. finishing完成；D. damaging损害。根据“the Akshar School”可知，来学校上学的学生都排着队，用捡来的塑料废品“支付”学费。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A. taking in吸收；B. spreading out传播开；C. attached to附在……上；D. filled with装满。根据“at least 25 pieces of plastic waste””可知，袋子里装满了塑料废品。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A. collected收集；B. borrowed借来；C. explored探索；D. counted计算。根据“from around their homes and communities.”可知，学生应从家和社区周边收集至少 25 份塑料废品。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A. anxious焦急的；B. grateful感激的；C. responsible负责的，有责任的；D. qualified有资格的。根据“were ____6____ to launch the campaign after witnessing their students being forced to ____7____ the acrid smell of burning plastic.”可知，这所学校是由一对夫妇负责的。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A. changed改变；B. inspired启发；C. prohibited禁止；D. recommended建议。根据“after witnessing their students being forced to ____7____ the acrid smell of burning plastic.”可知，这对夫妇在目睹了学生被迫闻烧焦塑料的刺鼻气味后受到启发， 想建立一个用塑料垃圾支付学费的学校。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A. stand忍受；B. enjoy喜欢；C. observe观察；D. control控制。根据“the acrid smell of burning plastic.”可知，孩子们要忍受焚烧塑料所带来的刺鼻气味。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查连词（短语）词义辨析。句意：这是因为在这所学校2016年开学之前，当地家庭和社区通常焚烧塑料垃圾作为取暖和生火的手段。A. as if好像；B. although尽管；C. because因为；D. in case以防。根据“and communities ____9____ burned plastic waste as a means of keeping warm and fueling fires.”可知，学生被迫闻刺鼻气味是因为当地住户常常通过焚烧塑料废品来取暖生火。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是因为在这所学校2016年开学之前，当地家庭和社区通常焚烧塑料垃圾作为取暖和生火的手段。A. consequently因此；B. obviously显然；C. eventually最终；D. commonly通常地。根据“burned plastic waste as a means of keeping warm and fueling fires.”可知，这是因为当地住户常常通过焚烧塑料废品来取暖生火。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校将大约40块垃圾压缩到一个塑料瓶中，将垃圾回收成生态砖。A. buries埋葬；B. removes消除；C. throws扔；D. recycles回收。根据“Now, the plastic is being collected and recycled at the school’s own recycling center.”可知，学校收集完学生带来的垃圾后，再把垃圾进行处理回收。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校将大约40块垃圾压缩到一个塑料瓶中，将垃圾回收成生态砖。A. single单一；B. straight直的；C. large大的；D. twisted扭曲的。根据“The school ____10____ the trash into Ecobricks by compressing (压缩) about 40 pieces of garbage”可知，在被加工的塑料废品中，每 40 份废品可以做成一个塑料瓶。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，学校的高年级学生可以在该中心做兼职工作，作为额外的收入来源。A. income收入；B. credits信用；C. scores得分；D. trash废物。根据“Furthermore, the school’s older students can work part-time at the center”可知，年纪大些的学生可以在可回收中心做兼职赚钱，将此作为额外收入。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在学校有100多名4到15岁的学生。A. of关于；B. at在；C. between在……之间；D. from来自。between...and...为固定用法，意为“在……和……之间”。 根据“Now the school owns over 100 students”可知，此处指现在这所学校有 100 多名学生，学生的年龄在 4 岁到 15 岁之间。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于学校的创新课程吸引了越来越多的学生入学，这对夫妇计划在未来五年内再开设100所学校。A. efficient效率高的；B. creative创新的；C. skillful熟练的；D. respected尊敬的。根据语境可知，学校有很多创新课程。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于学校的创新课程吸引了越来越多的学生入学，这对夫妇计划在未来五年内再开设100所学校。A. teachers老师；B. beggars乞丐；C. partners父母；D. students学生。根据“Since the school’s ____14____ curriculum has attracted more”可知，学校的创新课程吸引着越来越多的学生。故选D。
五、语法填空(共10题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the heart of modern Beijing is the Forbidden City. It served as the political center of ancient China between 1420 and 1912 and now it is ____36____ world famous museum.
The Forbidden City ____37____ (build) by Emperor Yongle, the third Ming ruler, ____38____ moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijng in 1403. Sources say it took a million ____39____ (worker) to build it between 1406 and 1420. Legend has it that the Forbidden City was redesigned to have 9, 9991/2 rooms. Half a room is missing to avoid ____40____ (upset) the God of Heaven. The maincolors of the Forbidden City are yellow and red. The walls, doors, and windows were ____41____ (most) painted in red, a symbol of ____42____ (happy) in Chinese culture.
The English name “Forbidden City” is a translation of the Chinese name Zijincheng. In the past, it was forbidden to ordinary people and that is ____43____ the Forbidden City is so named. After the Qing Dynasty, it was made a ____44____ (nation) museum-the Palace Museum and was open to the public. As one of the world’s largest cultural museums, the Palace Museum holds more than a million rare and valuable works of art. So do find a chance _____45_____ (visit) it some day!
【答案】36. a 37. was built
38. who 39. workers
40. upsetting
41. mostly 42. happiness
43. why 44. national
45. to visit
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了紫禁城的相关情况，比如由谁建立、怎么得到这个英文名称等。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在1420至1912年间，它都是古代中国的政治中心，现在它是一个全世界闻名的博物馆。分析句意可知，空格处填写冠词a，表示数量“一个”著名博物馆。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：紫禁城由明代第三个皇帝永乐大帝修建，他于1403年把都城从南京搬到北京。分析句意可知，此处谓语动词build“建立”与主语The Forbidden City “紫禁城”构成被动关系，且为过去发生的事，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：紫禁城由明代第三个皇帝永乐大帝修建，他于1403年把都城从南京搬到北京。分析句意可知，此处需填写连词连接非限定性定语从句，因为先行词为人Emperor Yongle “永乐大帝”，且在从句中作主语，故使用关系代词who。故填who。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：资料称1406至1420年间，上百万工人被用来修筑紫禁城。分析句意可知，此处worker“工人”前有量词a million“一百万”修饰，故应该使用复数形式。故填workers。
【40题详解】
考查动名词。句意：为了避免上天生气，一半的房子消失了。分析句意可知，avoid“避免”后常接动名词作宾语，故此处需要使用upset“使生气”的动名词形式。故填upsetting。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：墙壁、门窗都被涂成了红色，是中国文化中幸福的象征。分析句意可知，此处most“大多数的”需改为副词形式mostly，修饰动词painted“涂”。故填mostly。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：墙壁、门窗都被涂成了红色，是中国文化中幸福的象征。分析句意可知，此处形容词happy“开心的”需要改为名词happiness“幸福”在句中作介词of的宾语。故填happiness。
【43题详解】
考查连词。过去，紫禁城不对普通大众开放，这就是为什么它被命名为“the forbidden city（被禁止的诚市）”。分析句意可知，空格处填写连词连接表语从句，且连词在表语从句中作原因状语，使用why符合语境。故填why。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：清朝之后，它被作为一个国家博物馆-故宫博物馆，对公众开放。分析句意可知，此处名词nation“国家”需要改为形容词national，作定语修饰museum“博物馆”。故填national。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：所以哪天一定要找一个机会来参观一下！分析句意可知，此处a chance抽象名词，后常接不定式作后置定语，故visit“参观”应该使用不定式。故填to visit。
六、根据汉语意思或首写字母填写单词(共10题;每小题2分，满分20分)
46. In the film The Battle at lake Changin, Qianli Wu s____________ the war fortunately, but many of his friends died of hunger and coldness. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】survived/urvived
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：在电影《长津湖》里，伍千里幸运地在战争里幸存下来，但是他的许多朋友死于了饥饿和寒冷。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词survive，不及物动词，需用主动语态，作谓语动词，由died of可知，整句谓语为一般过去时。故填survived。
47. After a long period running test, the control system ________(运转) well and runs stably and reliably. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】functions##operates##works##runs
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：经过长时间的运行测试，控制系统功能良好，运行稳定可靠。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，根据汉语提示“运转”，结合后面动词runs，可知，为一般现在时，functions/operates/works/runs运转，符合题意。故填functions/operates/works/runs。
48. F________ by smoke and noise, the child hides under a bed and is later found dead. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Frightened##rightened
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于害怕烟雾和噪音，孩子躲在床底下，后来发现他死了。be frightened by被……吓坏，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填Frightened。
49. New research data from earthquake zones is helping architects to design safer buildings that will not be d________ during an earthquake. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】destroyed##estroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：来自地震灾区的新研究数据正在帮助建筑师设计更安全的建筑，使其在地震中不会被摧毁。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“摧毁”应用动词destroy，由will not be和句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，修饰buildings，所以that代指buildings，且buildings和动词destroy是被动关系，应用过去分词形式destroyed和will not be构成一般将来时的被动的否定，故填destroyed。
50. The money was collected for a ______ (具体的) purpose. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】specific
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这笔钱是为一个特定的（具体的）目的而筹集的。此处应填形容词修饰名词purpose（目的），再结合汉语提示可知是specific（具体的，特定的，明确的），故填specific。
51. They had to ______ (斗争) against all kinds of difficulties.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】struggle
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他们不得不与各种各样的困难作斗争。根据汉语意思“斗争”以及上文had to可知应填动词原形struggle“斗争”。故填struggle。
52. D_____ the cold weather, we had a happy weekend.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】Despite
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管天气很冷，我们周末过的很愉快。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意和首字母提示可推出是despite“尽管”，故填Despite。
53. French is not his n_____ tongue though he can speak it fluently. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】native
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管他能说得很流利，但法语不是他的母语。此处处应填形容词修饰名词tongue，再根据句意中的转折进行推断（说得流利但不是母语），并结合首字母提示可推出是native（本国的，本地的，土著的），native tongue是固定搭配，意为“母语”，故填native。
54. Women in our country enjoy e_____ rights with men.（根据首字母填空）
【答案】equal##qual
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们国家的女性享有和男性平等的权利。此处应填形容词，修饰名词rights，再结合句意和首字母提示可推出是equal“平等的”。故填equal。
55. The report seeks to r_____ the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.（根据首字母填空）
【答案】relate##elate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：该报告试图将犯罪率的上升与失业率的上升联系起来。结合句意和首字母以及和后面to搭配，可推出填relate。短语relate…to…表“把...与...联系起来”，又因seek to 后用动词原形。故填relate。
七、写作(满分15分)
56. 你校英文报社举办征文比赛，要求以“My happy family”为主题写一则小故事，描述自己的家庭。请按要求投稿，内容如下：
1.描述一件你和家人的美好往事；
2.阐述令你印象深刻的原因。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 There are five people in my family. We live happily together. There are many things occurring around us, creating many wonderful and loving moments in my memory.
Last weekend, my parents and I celebrated my grandpa’s birthday happily. On the early morning of the big day, my grandpa and I set out for the park. Considering his age, I accompanied him to the top of the mountain by cable car. Enjoying the beautiful scenery, we couldn’t help taking lots of photos. When we came back home at noon, my parents had already prepared a big lunch for us. All my family enjoyed the meal happily.
Seeing the smiles on my grandpa’ s face, I was glad and proud to have done something to show my love to him.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放作文。要求考生以“My happy family”为主题写一则描述自己的家庭的小故事，内容包括描述一件自己和家人的美好往事并阐述令自己印象深刻的原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
庆祝：celebrate→observe
出发；动身：set out for→set off for
考虑到：considering→given
开心地：happily→heartily
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Seeing the smiles on my grandpa’s faces, I was glad and proud to have done something to show my love to them.
拓展句：When I saw the smiles on my grandpa’s faces, I was glad and proud to have done something to show my love to him.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Enjoying the beautiful scenery, we couldn’t help taking lots of photos.(运用了现在分词短语作状语)
【高分句型2】When we came back home at noon, my parents had already prepared a big lunch for us.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
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