2021学年Unit 4 Amazing art导学案

Unit 4 A glimpse of the future

主谓一致(二)

[观察例句]

①What he is doing seems very important.

②Fifty dollars was a large sum of money for me at that time.

③About one third of the books are worth reading.

④Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday.

⑤But the best part of this film is the acting.

⑥The Greens are very fond of working on the farm.

⑦Neither likes the friends of the other.

⑧Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.

⑨Not the teacher but the students are looking forward to seeing the film.

①②属于语法一致原则；③④⑤⑥⑦属于意义一致原则；⑧⑨属于就近一致原则。

[归纳用法]

一、数量概念作主语时的主谓一致

1．当主语是“most/some/half/the rest＋of＋名词” 时，如果of后面的名词表示单数概念或为不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果of后面的名词表示复数概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。

Most of his time is spent on study.

他的大部分时间都用在了学习上。

The rest of the workers here are women.

这儿剩余的工人是女性。

2．“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时谓语用复数，意为“大量，许多”；“ the number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语用单数，意为“……的数量”。

A number of students have gone home.

许多学生已经回家了。

The number of pages in this book is two hundred.

这本书的页数是200。

3．“quantities of＋复数名词/不可数名词”谓语动词用复数；

“a quantity of＋复数名词/不可数名词”谓语动词用单数。

Quantities of food(nuts) were on the table.

有大量的食物(坚果)在桌子上。

With more forests being destroyed，a quantity of good earth is being washed away each year.

随着越来越多的森林遭到破坏，每年有大量的肥沃土壤被冲走。

4．a great deal of，a large amount of修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，谓语动词通常用复数。

A large amount of(A great deal of)damage was done in a very short time.

很短的时间内就造成了很大的损失。

Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.

建造这座桥花了大笔的钱。

5．如果主语由“the＋形容词(过去分词)”结构充当，谓语动词常用复数，这类词有the brave，the poor，the rich，the blind，the young，the old等。

The old are very well taken care of in our city.

在我们城市老年人被照顾得很好。

6．表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

One and a half bananas is left on the table.

桌上还剩下一根半香蕉。

7．如果主语由 “a series of，a pile of，a portion of＋名词”或由“a sort/type of，this sort/type of＋名词” 构成，谓语动词通常用单数。

This sort of vegetables is rather expensive.

这种蔬菜相当贵。

That type of machines is up­to­date.

那种机器是最新的。

This new type of buses is now on show.

＝Buses of this kind are now on show.

现在正展出一款新型的公共汽车。

[即学即练1]　单句语法填空

①About two thirds of the information was(be) all from the Internet.

②Great quantities of sand were(be) washed down the hillside by the rain.

③A quantity of fish was(be)caught on the high seas.

④The number of the volunteers in our city is(be) 2，000.And half of them are(be)teachers and students.

⑤In our city there are(be) a number of cars and the number of them is(be)growing larger and larger.

⑥I hear most of the books in Wuhu Library are(be)new.Let's borrow some.

⑦The rest of the workers are(be) still very tired.

⑧Most of the poor here are(be) diligent.

二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致

1．someone，anyone，no one，everyone，something，nothing等复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。

Someone has let the news out.

有人把这条消息泄漏出去了。

It's Sunday.Nobody is in.

今天星期天。没人在家。

2．each of＋名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Each of the students has an apple.

每个学生都有一个苹果。

We/You/They/The students each have an apple.

我们/你们/他们/学生各有一个苹果。

[名师点津]　复数形式 students作主语，each作同位语。

3．all 作主语时，若指人，谓语通常用复数；若指事物或现象，谓语通常用单数。

All have gone home.

大家都回家了。

All that glitters is not gold.

发亮的不一定都是金子。

[名师点津]　若是“all of＋名词”作主语，则谓语动词与其中名词的数保持一致。

4．either和neither作主语时，若是单独作主语，谓语动词用单数；若是用于“either (neither) of＋名词”结构作主语，则其后的谓语动词可用单数(正式文体)或复数(非正式文体)。

Neither was satisfactory.

两个都不令人满意。

Neither of the two computers is (are) cheap.

这两台电脑都不便宜。

5．none(of) 作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语用单数；若指复数可数名词，谓语可用单数(正式文体)或复数(非正式文体)。

None of the money is mine.

这笔钱没有一点是我的。

None of the boys like (likes) it.

这些男孩子谁也不喜欢它。

[即学即练2]　单句语法填空　

①Each of the members in the club has(have) a membership card.

②Each means has been tried(try)，but none is(be)effective.

③—What would you like，coffee or tea?

—Either is OK.I don't mind.

④Each of us has(have) a tape­recorder.

⑤All we need is(be) a small piece of land.

⑥There is(be) something wrong with my watch.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The number of days in February this year is(be) 28.

2．One and a half apples has(have) been eaten by the boy.

3．Large amounts of money were(be) spent on the magnificent building，but the poor were(be) not allowed to have a single room.

4．Most of the artists will go to the United States next week.The rest are(be) to visit Japan.

5．None of us seem/seems(seem) to have thought of it.

6．All are(be) eager to reach an agreement.

7．There is(be) a large quantity of milk.

8．A large quantity of books is(be) on sale now.

9．We each have(have) a different point of view.Each of us has(have) got something to say.

10．Every hour and every minute is(be) very important.

Ⅱ.短文语法填空

As the World Book Day is coming nearer，a number of English activities 1.are(be) going to be organized in our school.A series of activities 2.includes(include) reading and speaking competitions，all of which 3.are(be)interesting.Everyone 4.is(be) welcome.Each of you 5.has a chance to communicate with each other！Please all the students 6.are(be) prepared to take an active part in the activities!