外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown学案

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown学案，共8页。

阅读教材P56－57课文，选出最佳选项
1．Which ne can nt benefit frm the explratin f the ceans accrding t the passage?
A．The discvery f natural resurces.
B．Trade and ecnmy.
C．Bilgical discveries.
D．Archaelgical discveries.
2．Which ne d yu think make China becme the wrld's tp cean explrer?
A．China's discvery f an ice­like substance.
B．The discvery f bne­white cral.
C．The Jialng hlds the recrd fr the deepest dive by a manned submarine.
D．China's cperatin with ther cuntries.
[答案] 1－2 BC
Wrds and Phrases
知识要点1 check ut调查，检查
(教材原句P54) S while yu may be tempted t check ut a strange bject r t test the waters f a new situatin，it can be safer t steer clear f the unfamiliar.
所以，当你想要查看一个陌生的东西或尝试一个新环境时，避开不熟悉的东西会更安全。
[例] The accuntant checked ut the bills carefully.
会计仔细核对账单。
[知识拓展]
check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记
check ver/thrugh仔细检查；核对；核查
check n sb./sth.检查，查看(是否安全、
令人满意等)；核实，调查
check ut结账离开(旅馆等)
[即学即练] 完成句子
①They've checked in(登记入住)at the htel.
②Guests shuld check ut (结账离开) f their rms by nn.
③Check ver/thrugh(仔细检查) yur calculatin fr mistakes.
知识要点2 set ut动身踏上(漫长的)旅途
(教材原句P54) In mre recent times, Nrwegian explrer, Rald Amundsen endured ne f the mst hstile envirnments n Earth when he set ut int uncharted territry t reach the Suth Ple.
在最近一段时间里，挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森经历了地球上最恶劣的环境之一，他踏进了未知的区域，去往南极。
[例] When setting ut n a lng walk, always wear suitable shes.
当出发进行长途步行时，一直要穿合适的鞋子。
[知识拓展]
set ff出发，动身；使爆炸；引起，激发
set abut ding sth.＝ set ut t d sth.
开始/着手做某事
把……放到一旁；省出，留出(钱或时间)
set dwn写下，记下；制定；规定
set up建立，创立；建起，竖起
set sail启航
set sail fr启航前往……
set sail frm从……启航
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The luxury ship Titanic set sail fr the west cast f the Atlantic in cheers, but eventually ended up n the bttm f the cean.
②The prfessr wuld always set dwn new ideas that ccurred t him.
③The plice immediately set ut t rescue (rescue)the peple buried in the ruins.
④My parents set abut preparing fr(开始准备)the party 3 days ag.
知识要点3 think twice再三考虑，慎重考虑
(教材原句P54) Of curse, explratin desn't have t mean blindly thrwing urselves int the unknwn, and it's never wrng t think twice befre taking actin.
当然，探索并不一定意味着盲目地把自己投入到未知之中，在采取行动之前再三考虑是从来没有错的。
[例] The teacher advised Henry t think twice befre deciding t quit schl.
这位老师劝亨利在决定退学前三思。
[知识拓展]
think ut想出；了解结果
think again重新考虑；改变主意
think ver仔细考虑
think up想出；设计出；发明出
think abut考虑；琢磨
think f想起；记起；有……想法；有……看法
[名师点津]
think f/think abut是动介短语，若宾语是代词，放其后面；think ver是动副短语，若宾语是代词，放其中间。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Wh thinks ut names fr new prducts?
②Yur ffer is very attractive but I need t think it ver befre I can let yu knw my decisin.
③I'm interested in buying yur huse, but I wuld like mre time t think abut(考虑) it befre making a decisin.
④Having thught twice(再三考虑后)，Helen decided t accept the jb ffer.
知识要点4 (教材原句P54)While there is n need fr us t shrink frm new situatins, we shuld always lk int things first and cnsider ur ptins.
虽然我们没有必要在新的情况下退缩，但我们应该总是先调查事情，然后考虑我们的选择。
(1)shrink v．退缩，畏缩
[例] The jeans will shrink in the wash.
那些牛仔裤洗过以后会缩水。
[知识拓展]
shrink frm避免做，回避
shrink away退出
shrink back退缩；畏缩
shrink with因……收缩
[名师点津]
shrink为不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词为shrank , shrunk或者shrunk, shrunk
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①If she hadn't washed the sweater in the ht water, it wuldn't have shrunk(shrink)．
②They didn't shrink frm the hard task.
③Because there was smething wrng with the heating, the by shrank with cld.
(2)lk int考察；调查；研究
[例] Be patient.We are lking int the surce f the disease.
耐心点。我们正在调查这种疾病的根源。
[知识拓展]
lk up查阅；好转
lk ut当心；小心
lk after照顾；照看
lk fr寻找
lk ahead向前方看；为前途考虑
lk back at回首
lk frward t盼望；期待
lk up t抬头看；期待
lk dwn upn看不起
lk sb.in the eye直视某人
lk ut fr留神
lk thrugh穿过……看；看穿；识破；粗略地翻阅；详审
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Yur cmplaint is being lked int．When we have anything t reprt, we will write t yu.
②The fans lked frward t seeing the famus player, but he didn't turn up.
③Lk ut! The bus is cming.
④I have lked thrugh yur reprt and made sme ntes n it.
知识要点5 ntable adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的
(教材原句P57) Mst ntable f these is China's discvery f an ice­like substance, knwn as“fire ice”，under the Suth China Sea.
最值得一提的是中国在南海下发现了一种类似冰的物质，被称为“可燃冰”。
[例] The twn is ntable fr its ancient harbur.
这座小镇因其古老的港口而出名。
[知识拓展]
(1)be ntable fr因……而出名
a ntable success/achievement/feature
显著的成功/成就；明显的特征
(2)ntably adv.极大程度上；尤其
(3)nte v.注意，留意；指出，特别提到
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1．It shuld be nted (nte) dissertatins submitted late will nt be accepted.
2．It is wrth nting (nte) that the mst successful cmpanies had the lwest prices.
3．The lng, green tea and black tea are mst ntable fr their high qualities.
4．Every year many ntable (nte) prizes are awarded t the creative minds behind the bks we enjy.
篇章结构题
此类题目能全面地、深层次地考查考生的阅读理解能力。
[解题技巧] 把脉络看结构
篇章结构题主要是针对文章的整体篇章结构或某一段落的展开层次所设置的问题。高考对篇章结构的考查主要涉及两个层次：一是按段落的组织方法理解文章的结构；二是按写作手法(论证方法)理解篇章的结构。设问形式常有：
(1)Which f the fllwing shws the develpment f ideas in this passage?
(2)Which f the fllwing shws the rganizatin/structure f the (whle) passage?
因此这类题的解题方法也分为两种：
注意：
1．文章的段落组织通常采用“总—分；分—总；总—分—总”的框架。
2．内容的展开则常用以下手法：
(1)时间顺序：按时间先后顺序说明某一事物的发展情况。
(2)空间顺序：按照事物的空间结构顺序进行描写或说明。
(3)例证关系：所列举的事物用来论证观点，通常是数据、事例等。
(4)对比或类比关系：这类文章通常以对比各事物之间的共同点或差异为主。
[典例]
Careers in zlgy are extremely varied and unique，and can prvide incredible learning and wrk pprtunities fr anyne devted t animal studies and welfare.Zlgy，r the study f animals，is a wide field with many specialties，including research，cnservatin，veterinary(兽医的) medicine，and the care f animals.Fr peple with a lve f animals and sme training，dreams f careers in zlgy may cme true.
Sme careers in zlgy fcus n research and scientific studies.These careers may allw thse with a gd theretical science backgrund t develp and run studies that imprve human understanding f the animal wrld.Research in zlgy can help create safer and mre effective prducts fr animals r can teach humans mre abut animal behavir in rder t aid in cnservatin，breeding prgrams，and habitat preservatin.
Careers in zlgy that fcus n cnservatin attach great imprtance t the cntinued survival and increased prtectin f animal species.Cnservatinists may wrk with plitical grups r gvernments t help make laws t prtect and preserve animals，r may wrk in the field gathering infrmatin n ptential threats t the health f glbal ecsystems.Sme cnservatinists wrk in educatinal fields，trying t imprve human effrts t save animals frm extinctin.
Animals are subject t illness and injury，and sme careers in zlgy help t create a safe，stable animal ppulatin.Veterinary medicine is an imprtant specialty field，and may take several years f intensive training t qualify as a certified veterinarian.While many veterinarians fcus n the small­animal practice f dmestic pets，vets in rural areas ften wrk with large farm animals and mre adventurus veterinarians may wrk with extic species in zs and wildlife preserves.
Humans lve t bserve animals，and mdern­day zs and wildlife preserves help meet that interest while prviding facilities t assist with cnservatin prgrams.Zlgy careers in zs can range frm verseeing breeding prgrams，t creating the prper diet fr a deer，r t cleaning the tiger's cage.Many vlunteer and entry­level jbs are available fr peple that lve animals.
★Which f the fllwing shws the structure f the whle passage?
(P1＝Paragraph 1；P2＝Paragraph 2；P3＝Paragraph 3；P4＝Paragraph 4；P5＝Paragraph 5)
A． B.
C． D.
A [通读全文，把握各段大意可知：第一段介绍了动物学方面的职业是多样而独特的，是总述。第二段从研究方面介绍；第三段介绍了自然保护的动物学工作；第四段是兽医学可以保护动物健康的介绍；第五段讲述了现代的动物园和野生动物保护区既有助于满足人们的兴趣，又提供了一些设施来帮助保护动物。分析每一段的关系发现：后面四个段落从不同的角度对第一段进行了分述，所以这篇文章是“总—分”结构，A项图例符合篇章结构。故选A。]
[即学即练]
Antarctic animals are expsed t sme f the cldest envirnments n earth.Animals survive in these severe cnditins by reducing the percentage f bdy heat that is lst t the envirnment.
Many Antarctic animals have either a windprf r waterprf cat.Emperr penguins are a very gd example f this.These birds have fur layers f scale­like feathers.These layers verlap each ther，frming a gd prtectin frm the wind，even in snwstrm cnditins.
Whales，seals and sme penguins have thick fat layers.This is a little like cvering yurself in a blanket，but n the inside.In sme animals this is even further imprved，with the animals selectively able t reduce the bld flw t the fat layers.The further the bld is frm the skin surface，the less the heat is lst.Fat layers can als be used as energy reserves，fr example，male elephant seals can live ff their fat reserves during summer.
The term “extremities” is used t mean any bdy part that is furthest away frm the main bdy.In humans，ur hands and feet cunt as “extremities”．These are ften the first places t feel cld in winter.The same applies t animals.Emperr penguins have very small bills(喙) and feet，which means less bld is required t these areas.
Emperr penguins are highly adapted t cld envirnments—and as the nly warm­blded animal that prduces yung penguins during the Antarctic winter，they need t be.In additin t the adaptatin described abve，emperr penguins als have nses which recver much f the heat lst thrugh breathing.
As with the physical means，emperr penguins have unique behaviral adaptatin that enables them t survive the unkind winter.Emperr penguins frm large huddles(挤在一起的一群人或东西)．Nt nly des this share bdy warmth，but it als shelters many f the penguins frm the effects f the wind.Huddling can reduce heat lss by up t 50%.
★Which f the fllwing shws the develpment f ideas in the passage?
[I：Intrductin P：Pint Sp：Sub­pint(次要点)
C：Cnclusin]
A． B.
C． D.
B [篇章结构题。第一段是文章的主旨段并引出下文(Intrductin)，南极动物通过减少身体热量损失在严寒中生存。下文分为两个要点，即身体上的适应手段physical adaptatin(Pint 1)和行为上的适应手段behaviral adaptatin(Pint 2)。第二至五段是Pint 1的四个次要点，介绍四种身体上的适应手段——windprf r waterprf cats，thick fat layers，small extremities，emperr penguins' nses；第六段就是Pint 2。故选B项。]