英语九年级【知识精讲】15.阅读理解(2)阅读理解——人生百味类 课件

这是一份英语九年级【知识精讲】15.阅读理解(2)阅读理解——人生百味类 课件，共22页。

人生百味类阅读： 人生百味这一话题主要通过某一件事的发生来折射某一个道理、体现某种内涵或者探讨人生或者是直接描述某种人生品味。这一话题的选材一般针对责任、情感、人性、冒险以及各种品质等方面的主题。题材一般是议论文，一般采取纯议论或者夹叙夹议的方式。
主要考查题型：细节理解题主旨大意题
细节理解题目：1. 在此类阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对 容易一些。这些题目有三个特点：（1）凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确 答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。 这一部分可能是一个词或短语， 也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子。
（2）语意进行了转化：原句和题干的表达形式不同，但是意思相同。一定要找到定位句，然后将原句和题干进行对比，看意思是否一样。
（3）干扰项往往是主题思想与细节混杂，正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混 杂，甚至真假混杂。因此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在 文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。2. 细节题目的提问方式：（1） Which f the fllwing is right?（2） Which f the fllwing is nt mentined?（3） Which f the fllwing is Nt True in the passage?（4） Chse the right rder f this passage.（5） Frm this passage we knw ________.
主旨大意题：主旨大意题是考查学生对一篇文章或者一段文字的深层次理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或者某一语篇的主题、标题或者目的的设题。主题句一般具有三个特点：（1）表述的意思比较概括，相对其主句来看，这种概括性更为明显。（2）句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式。（3）段落中其它的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想。
1.主旨大意题的设题方式：（1）主题型主旨大意的题干表现形式： The main idea f the passage is…The passage is mainly abut…What is the passage mainly abut?Which is the best title f the passage?
（2）标题类主旨大意：What is the best title fr the text?The best title f the passage is…Which is the best title fr this passage?（3）目的类主旨大意：The passage is meant t …The purpse f this article is t …The authr intends t…
2. 主题句的位置：（1） 通常在段首：主题句在段落或者文章的开头部分，起着开宗明义、点明主题的作用，使读者一开始就明白文章讲的内容主旨，而支撑句则使用一些具体的人、物、数字和具体的步骤来阐述或者论证，常伴有fr example/that is/first/secnd/finally…
2. 主题句在段中或段末：（1）关注一些表示转折的连词：but, yet, hwever, in fact等，这些词后面的句子往往可能是主题句。（2）关注一些表总结性、结论性的词： in brief/in shrt/abve all/all in all/Cnclusin/in a wrd等，这些词后面跟的通常也是主题句。
3. 无明显主题句时要寻找高频词汇：任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开叙述讨论的，因此有的文章的最明显的特点之一就是有一个反复出现的高频词汇，我们也称之为中心词，也叫主题词，抓住了它，就抓住了文章的中心。
主旨大意干扰项的特点：（1）以偏概全：只阐述文章的部分信息。（2）断章取义：以次要的信息冒充全文的主要观点。（3）主题扩大：归纳概括的范围超过实际讨论的内容。（4）无中生有或者似是而非：跟文章内容毫无联系。
     I am a prfessr f sprts and exercise，s I ften deal with nervusness in my research with sprts peple. Actually，mst peple experience nervusness at sme time r anther. If yu are feeling anxius，my advice is t first find the cause r causes. Make a list f thse things that are making yu nervus and wrk ut which nes yu can d smething abut. Fcus all f yur effrts n managing the causes that yu can cntrl.
  Mst peple cannt tell the difference between cntrllable(可控制的) and uncntrllable causes，s things they can't cntrl becme a big reasn fr nervusness. Dealing with this is very imprtant if peple want t keep a healthy mind. Simply try t accept the uncntrllable causes f nervusness. Yu might be wrried abut the weather n a big day，an accident r an attack n the train，r perhaps just things that ther peple are ding at wrk. The results may be very imprtant but there is still n use wrrying because yu can't cntrl any f these things. Accept that yu can't cntrl everything. Once yu understand this，it becmes easier nt t wrry.
If a situatin，such as swimming，is causing yu t be anxius，try t face it as ften as pssible s that yu can get used t it. It can ften help t think abut yurself ding the thing that makes yu nervus—then clse yur eyes and imagine it ging well. Imagine hw the flight r jb interview is ging t happen s that yu can get used t it. This will help yu understand that the thing yu fear mst is prbably nt ging t happen.
1. Wh wrte this passage?A reprter. B. A sprtsman. C. A patient. D. A prfessr.2. The writer thinks there is n use wrrying abut sme causes f nervusness because ________.A. mst are nt very imprtantB. they are nt the real causes f the prblemC. they cannt be cntrlled by pepleD. it's better t deal with ne cause at a time
3. If swimming makes yu nervus，what shuld yu d accrding t the writer?A. G swimming ften t get used t it.B. Avid ging t the swimming pl.C. Find a swimming teacher.D. Imagine watching thers swim.4. What is true abut nervusness accrding t the passage?A. It usually has nly ne cause. B. It is usually caused by peple.C. Peple can easily manage it. D. Mst peple suffer frm it
5. What is the main purpse f this passage?A. T intrduce the writer's sprts experience.B. T advise n hw t deal with nervusnessC. T help peple remember their fears.D. T explain the dangers f nervusness.
答案：D C A D B