人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Natural disasters练习题

课时作业 13

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

There was an earthquake this morning. I was working in front of my computer when it hit the city. The quake started with a sudden loud noise. I thought that something heavy in a neighbor's house probably had fallen. However, the walls and the floor began to shake. I finally realized it was an earthquake.

My son Zac, a sixteen­year­old boy, was sleeping with his door locked. Being sixteen, he can sleep through any kind of noise. “Zac！” I shouted. “Are you OK？” But nobody replied. I was a little worried. I couldn't imagine that someone was able to get such a deep sleep. The house was dancing. There were waves in the swimming pool. I was afraid the house would come down. “Zac！” I yelled, knocking on his door with an open palm (手掌). “Zac! Wake up! It's an earthquake! We need to get out！”

My son finally emerged in his underpants. We looked around the room. I knew that we should hide under a table to stop things from falling on us and stay away from glass. Unfortunately, none of our furniture was designed for hiding under. “Should we go into the garden？” Zac asked. “No, trees could fall on us！” I said. Actually, Zac had done earthquake drills (训练) at school. He must have been told to hide under a desk and cover his head. But we had nothing to cover our heads in the house.

Luckily, before we took any action, the windows stopped moving and the pool calmed down. Everything went back to normal soon. But both my son and I knew what we should do, because we knew if there had been a really big earthquake this morning, we couldn't have escaped from it.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。一场地震让作者和她儿子知道要防患于未然。

1．When the earthquake started, the author ________.

A．didn't hear anything

B．was repairing her computer

C．didn't consider it an earthquake

D．was sleeping with her door locked

答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段的“I thought that something heavy in a neighbor's house probably had fallen. However, the walls and the floor began to shake. I finally realized it was an earthquake.”可知，作者一开始没有意识到发生了地震。

2．According to Paragraph 2, why was the author worried?

A．Because her son seemed to be in pain.

B．Because she couldn't wake her son up.

C．Because her son was locked in his room.

D．Because she couldn't solve her son's sleep problem.

答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段的“But nobody replied. I was a little worried.”可知，作者担忧是因为她无法叫醒儿子。

3．What problem did the author and her son face?

A．They couldn't get out of the house.

B．They couldn't stop things from falling.

C．They couldn't find anything to hide under.

D．They couldn't remember what to do in an earthquake.

答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Unfortunately, none of our furniture was designed for hiding under.”可知，她们家里没有任何可躲避的地方。

4．The author and her son most probably realized they should ________.

A．replace their furniture

B．build a stronger house

C．receive earthquake drills

D．watch the weather report often

答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据全文内容以及最后一段的“But both my son and I knew what we should do, because we knew if there had been a really big earthquake this morning, we couldn't have escaped from it.”可推断，作者和她儿子在这次地震中意识到应该未雨绸缪，为地震做好准备，故很有可能换家具。

B

Making employees feel happy and healthy at work is good for many businesses. But it isn't always an easy thing. A research suggests that just 33% of the U．S. employees consider themselves fully engaged (投身于) at work, while 16% are actively disengaged, and 51% are just showing up.

   But there is an exception. When it comes to employee engagement, it seems that employees in small companies are doing better. According to the same research, the largest U．S. companies have the lowest levels of engagement, while companies with fewer than 25 employees have the highest. And in one recent report, 75 percent of small business workers surveyed said they were “very” or “extremely” satisfied with their role as a small company employee.

   Unlike big companies, small companies are often short of resources but the employees can get more surprises there. Small companies offer excellent career opportunities to their employees. The bosses often know their staff very well and understand their personal needs. Employees of small companies are more likely to receive free meals, paid leave, and they can even bring their pets to work.

   But of course, there're many other draws in small businesses. One of the top draws is flexible scheduling (弹性工时). Another is being able to really see the fruits of one's labor. Besides, non­cash award is also a big draw. This could be something small that reflects employees' interests and lifestyles.

   While a parental leave might lead to some financial problems, small companies may do something to improve it. “It may be impossible for a five­person team to be reduced to four for six months，” writes Camilla Velasquez, head of HR management platform Justworks.  “But it could be possible to allow new parents to take on reduced hours in a work­from­home environment.” This kind of method has been realized in some small companies.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了小型企业的员工比大型企业员工的幸福感更强，并分析了原因。

5．What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A．Employees can develop better in small   companies.

B．Employees can earn more money in small   companies.

C．Employees in big companies are hard to   be satisfied.

D．Employees in small companies are more   engaged at work.

答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段的“When it comes to employee engagement, it seems that employees in small companies are doing better.”可知，相对于大公司的员工来说，小公司的员工更能很好地投入到工作中。

6．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A．The benefits of working for small companies.

B．The differences between small and big       companies.

C．What challenges staff in small companies       may face.

D．Why small companies are short of resources.

答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Small companies offer excellent career opportunities...”可知，这些都是在小公司工作的好处，所以可知答案。

7．What does the underlined word “draws” in    Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Choices.       B．Attractions.

C．Difficulties.    D．Competitions.

答案与解析：B　词义猜测题。根据下文的“flexible scheduling”， “being able to really see the fruits of one's labor”及“non­cash award”等推测，该词义为“吸引人的东西”。

8．What can be most probably inferred from the    passage?

A．Small companies may have more employees       with much happiness.

B．Big companies should learn from some       small companies.

C．Employees should have their own hobbies        and lifestyles.

D．Employers should pay more attention to        the staff's needs.

答案与解析：A　推理判断题。本文主要讲了跟大型企业相比，小型企业的员工可以享受更多更好的待遇，因而他们的幸福感更强。再根据第二段的“And in one recent report, 75 percent of small business workers surveyed said they were ‘very’ or ‘extremely’ satisfied with their role as a small company employee.”所以可推测，小型企业的员工幸福感更强。

Ⅱ.完形填空

Luckily, I got four turkeys this holiday. I  __1__  only one of them. I  __2__ my neighbor was going through a hard time, so I decided to give one to them as a  __3__.

That still  __4__  me with two extra (额外的) turkeys. I  __5__  to cook one of them, make sandwiches and  __6__   them to an area of town where many people seem to be in need of food and a little __7__.

While I was waiting for the bus to get there, I saw two people that I thought might __8__  sandwiches. The moment they came near, I  __9__ them each a sandwich, along with a smile card, and told them to have a good day. I received  __10__  in return.

On the bus, a young mother got on with her little girl. I offered her a sandwich, and she __11__  accepted. Then I started giving them to other __12__， along with smile cards, and they also   __13__ with smiles. By this point, I was __14__ happiness and couldn't help smiling. I felt __15__ because of that.

When we got to the bus terminal (终点), I had given away five sandwiches. The act of  __16__， the care shared and the __17__ smiles just made my heart filled with so much __18__. I think what I have done is good for everyone,  __19__  I will do this again soon.

Giving not only makes you feel wonderful but it also  __20__  happiness to others.

【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文，主题语境是社会服务。作者向陌生人赠送火鸡三明治，陌生人投以微笑，彼此都感到快乐。

1．A.needed     B．noticed     

C．ordered    D．saved

答案与解析：A　根据上文的“got four turkeys this holiday”及下文的“I decided to give one to them”和“two extra turkeys”可知，作者只需要一只火鸡。

2．A.meant         B．showed     

C．knew        D．proved

答案与解析：C　由“neighbor”及“I decided to give one to them”可知，作者知道邻居家有困难。

3．A.prize          B．gift        

C．choice       D．wish

答案与解析：B　根据上文的holiday及give可知，作者决定把一只火鸡作为礼物送给邻居家。

4．A.filled        B．upset     

C．provided    D．left

答案与解析：D　根据上文作者需要一只，送给邻居一只及下文“two extra turkeys”可知，作者还有两只火鸡。

5．A.learned      B．waited    

C．helped     D．decided

答案与解析：D　根据第二段第一句可知，作者决定把火鸡做成三明治带给其他人。

6．A.mail        B．lend

C．sell        D．take

答案与解析：D　参考上题解析。

7．A.time       B．kindness    

C．luck      D．experience

答案与解析：B　根据“an area of town where many people seem to be in need of food”可知，作者决定把做好的三明治带到这个城镇最需要食物和善意的地方。

8．A.have           B．make

C．like           D．buy

答案与解析：C　根据下文作者送给这两个人三明治可知，作者认为这两个人也许喜欢三明治。

9．A.cooked        B．offered      

C．found        D．paid

答案与解析：B　由下文“along with a smile card, and told them to have a good day”可知，作者主动赠给这两个人火鸡三明治。

10．A.money           B．advice      

C．smiles          D．presents

答案与解析：C　从下文“they also __13__ with smiles”可知，这两个人用微笑回报作者。

11．A.gladly        B．secretly  

C．seriously     D．suddenly

答案与解析：A　根据下文“they also __13__ with smiles”可知，这对母女高兴地接受了。

12．A.passengers    B．shoppers

C．neighbors   D．drivers

答案与解析：A　作者在公交车上，所以把三明治送给其他乘车的人。

13．A.refused       B．tried        

C．accepted    D．explained

答案与解析：C　由下文“with smiles”可知，其他乘客也高兴地接受了。

14．A.expecting      B．requesting  

C．recording     D．achieving

答案与解析：D　根据下文“and couldn't help smiling”可知，作者收获着幸福。

15．A.busy         B．great       

C．safe        D．nervous

答案与解析：B　根据上文“I was __14__ happiness and couldn't help smiling”可知，给陌生人赠送三明治让作者觉得棒极了。

16．A.thinking       B．love       

C．giving       D．bravery

答案与解析：C　由最后一段的Giving可知，这是一种给予行为。

17．A.surprised      B．sad         

C．forced       D．weak

答案与解析：A　作者给陌生人火鸡三明治，当然会让他们感到惊讶，所以他们的笑容也是惊讶的。

18．A.joy           B．calmness 

C．courage      D．worry

答案与解析：A　由上文“I was __14__ happiness and couldn't help smiling”可知，作者内心充满喜悦。

19．A.if            B．though     

C．but         D．so

答案与解析：D　作者认为她所做的对每个人都有好处，所以她会不久再做一次。

20．A.returns        B．brings       

C．teaches      D．serves

答案与解析：B　根据上文可知，给予也能给他人带来快乐。