人教版（2019）期中试卷讲评同步练习

下学期期中试卷

（答题时间：100分钟  满分：100分）

第一部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.

Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note—“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”—and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically（魔术般）appear.

All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn’t freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.

There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete（竞争）. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.

Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch（门廊）. Every so often my son’s friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.

1. Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer ____________.

A. to show his magical power

B. to pay for the delivery

C. to satisfy his curiosity

D. to please his mother

2. What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy’s house?

A. He wanted to have tea there.

B. He was a respectable person.

C. He was treated as a family member.

D. He was fully trusted by the family.

3. Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?

A. Nobody wants to be a milkman now.

B. It has been driven out of the market.

C. Its service is getting poor.

D. It is forbidden by law.

4. Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?

A. He missed the good old days.

B. He wanted to tell interesting stories.

C. He needed it for his milk bottles.

D. He planted flowers in it.

B

A study found overweight adults lost nearly 101b (l0磅) in 12 weeks after drinking water half an hour before breakfast, lunch and dinner.

Researchers say it could provide a low-cost solution to Britain’s increasing obesity crisis.

They conducted an experiment and the obese adults experimented were given a weight management consultation. They were advised on changing their lifestyle and diet and how to improve their levels of physical activity. Half were asked to drink water before meals and half were just asked to imagine that they had a full stomach before eating. The first group lost 2lb 14oz more than the second group, on average. Sparkling water (苏打水), sodas and sweetened drinks were not allowed and participants drank plain tap water.

Helen Parretti, Doctor of the National Institute for Health Research at the University of Birmingham and lead author of the research, said, “The beauty of these findings is in the simplicity. Just drinking a pint (品脱) of water, three times a day, before your main meals may help reduce your weight.”

“When combined with brief instructions on how to increase your amount of physical activity and on a healthy diet, this seems to help people to achieve some extra weight loss at a healthy rate. It’s something that doesn’t take much work in our busy everyday lives.”

Many weight-loss plans advise people to drink water, but no previous studies directly tested this.

Last night Tam Fry said, “There is a widely held view that simple tap water is plain boring and couldn’t possibly help you feel full — but it does.”

Dr. Louis Levy, head of nutrition science at Public Health England, said, “Thirst can sometimes be mistaken for hunger.” He added. “While water does not cause you to lose weight, it does keep you hydrated (含水的) and might help you to eat less.”

5. What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. A new experiment about the young people.

B. How to lose weight for the young people.

C. A study that having water before each meal may beat obesity crisis.

D. The importance of drinking water.

6. What advice did the obese adults experimented get?

A. Changing their lifestyle and diet and improving their levels of physical activity.

B. Always imaging they had a full stomach before drinking water.

C. How to lose weight in a short time.

D. How to drink water in the daytime.

7. What kind of drinks were the obese adults experimented asked to drink?

A. Sparkling water.

B. Sodas.

C. Sweetened drinks.

D. Plain tap water.

8. What’s the advantage of the way to lose weight in this study?

A. Beautiful.

B. Simple.

C. Hard.

D. Complex.

9. Dr. Louis Levy thought that _____.

A. water may help people eat less

B. water itself can make people lose weight

C. water can make people feel hungry

D. a person who is thirsty is actually hungry

C

As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric（生物测量）technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.

Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device（装置）that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.

It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.

In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.

10. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?

A. To reduce pressure on keys.

B. To improve accuracy in typing

C. To replace the password system.

D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.

11. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？

A. Computers are much easier to operate.

B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.

C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.

D. Data security measures are guaranteed.

12. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？

A. It’ll be environment-friendly.

B. It’ll reach consumers soon.

C. It’ll be made of plastics.

D. It’ll help speed up typing.

13. Where is this text most likely from?

A. A diary.

B. A guidebook.

C. A novel.

D. A magazine.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处 的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Be a Stage Manager

Being a part of a live performing art production can be very exciting, especially if you play such a major role. Being a stage manager is being the central brain of any sort of production. More so, it can look amazing on a resume for future jobs!

____14____. They include the following： leadership and management skills; team spirit; dependability; loyalty; abilities to maintain cool and calm; a good sense of humor and great communication skills.

Volunteer. Go to your high school or local playhouse. ____15____. They don’t pay much (or none at all) ，so go into it with an open mind and open heart.

Start at the bottom. ____16____, start out as a stagehand etc. Starting as a spotlight operator, you will be able to hear every command the stage manager gives.

___17____. It will help you understand what each team member is doing and how difficult their job is. Also, if you are looking to be hired by a high-end theater, you’ll find that they look for people who know all the ropes. These can include spotlight operation and lighting design etc.

If you don’t know what you are doing, act like you know what you’re doing. If you panic, so will everyone else. You want every single worker to be calm in a pinch (在紧要关头). ____18____.

Take some classes at a community college or high school. Some classes include: Touring Production, Stage Lighting and Theater Management.

A. Working every job before becoming a stage manager is a must

B. Then you will easily become a top stage manager

C. They are always looking for volunteers that have extra time on their hands

D. Know the qualifications and characteristics of a stage manager

E. Things will be solved quickly this way

F. To be on your way to the top of the ladder

G. To be a part of a live performing art production

第二部分  英语知识运用（满分45分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

One of the most important events in the modem Olympic Games is the Marathon （马拉松） race. The race____19____one of the great events in Greek history.

In 490B.C. about 10，000 Greeks____20___against the Persian army at a place called Marathon. It is____21____that the Persians were ten times as____22____as the Greeks. However, where there is a will, there is a way.___23____the brave attack of the Greeks, the Persians were badly beaten and____24____away from the plain of Marathon. When the Persians had run away, a soldier, who was the most famous____25____in Athens, was____26____to carry the good news to the city and he was also asked to march at full speed.

Although he had fought through the battle and____27____many wounds, the soldier at once started off toward the____28____city.____29____was twenty-six and a quarter miles from the plain of Marathon to the Marketplace of Athens，____30____there the elders of Athens had gathered____31____for news. He ran and ran over____32____and across plains. As he went on, his lips became____33____and his breathing hard, but when he thought of the____34____of the people of Athens on hearing the news, he____35____harder than ever.

At last the elders of Athens heard a great shout and saw a soldier staggering （蹒跚） toward them. “Rejoice! Rejoice! We won!” said the soldier, and fell down____36____.

In____37____of this noble soldier and athlete, we have in the modem Olympic Games the Marathon race,____38____the athletes run this same distance.

19. A. came round B. came about  C. came out  D. came from

20. A. exploded  B. competed  C. fought   D. hunted

21. A. designed  B. said   C. told   D. reported

22. A. little   B. few   C. many   D. much

23. A. In   B. To   C. Before   D. By

24. A. taken   B. driven   C. got   D. rolled

25. A. player  B. officer   C. soldier   D. runner

26. A. advised  B. ordered  C. succeeded  D. allowed

27. A. accepted  B. harmed  C. received  D. formed

28. A. next   B. nearby   C. close   D. distant

29. A. This   B. That   C. There   D. It

30. A. and   B. but   C. or   D. so

31. A. asking  B. calling   C. waiting  D. looking

32. A. railways  B. hills   C. rivers    D. highways

33. A. fancy   B. wet   C. red   D. dry

34. A. joy   B. sadness   C. disappointment D. surprise

35. A. walked  B. ran    C. pretended  D. volunteered

36. A. sensitive  B. anxious   C. angry   D. dead

37. A. honour  B. need    C. search   D. danger

38. A. which  B. that    C. what   D. where

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Now if you’ve got nothing to do today, why not go to the east part of the city and plant trees? That’s the message from No.1 Senior High School, 39.________ is organizing a tree planting activity near East Mountain. In order to improve the environmental 40.________ (educate) of its students and get more people 41.________ (organize), the school is planning to plant 42.________ a total of 1,400 trees paid by the government over the next few days. They are hoping to plant half of them today and they are looking for 43.________ (voluntary) to come along and help. No experience is OK, 44.________ there will be experts to give directions and the 45.________ (equip) will be provided. Everyone is welcome to come along anytime 46.________ 10 am and 4 pm. I don’t think you need my advice of what sort of shoes or clothes you have to wear. And of course, gloves will be essential 47.________ (protect) your hands. So it could be 48.________ (real) a nice day out for all the families. Enjoy your day.

第三部分  写作 （满分20分）

假如你是新华中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的打算，但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回封邮件：

1. 未及时回信的原因；

2. 你假期的打算（如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等）。

注意：

1. 词数：120-150；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

下学期期中试卷参考答案

1. C  解析：推理判断题。根据首段As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt.He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.五岁的孩子，眼睛不离Basille 的腰间的硬币兑换机，显然是很好奇；可以推知送奶工为了满足我的好奇心送给我一些硬币。

2. D  解析：推理判断题。A他想要在他家喝茶；B他是一个很受人尊敬的人；C像家庭成员一样对待他； D这个家庭完全信任他，答案选D。他之所以有家里的钥匙，是因为for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze.怕牛奶冻着；另一方面当然是出于信任了。A，B先排除。至于C项，像家庭成员一样对待送奶工也太夸张了，不符合实际。

3. B  解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段There is sadly no home milk delivery today.Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete（竞争）.Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service。可知，由于大公司生产出更便宜和更实用的牛奶，人们已经不用送奶工人送牛奶了。也就是送牛奶已经被挤出了这个市场。答案选B。

4. A  解析：推理判断题。作者最后也说得很清楚：an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories；乡村看到的一个旧的牛奶想带回了儿时的回忆。所以选A。

5. C  解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段的内容“一项研究发现，在三餐前半小时饮水的超重成年人，体重在12周之内下降了近10磅”可知文章的主题。

6. A  解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They were advised on changing their lifestyle and diet and how to improve their levels of physical activity”可知，试验者得到了关于改变生活方式和饮食，以及如何提高身体活动水平的建议。

7. D  解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sparkling water (苏打水), sodas and sweetened drinks were not allowed and participants drank plain tap water.”可知，试验者只能喝普通的自来水。

8. B  解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The beauty of these findings is in the simplicity”可知，这个减肥办法的优势是它很简单。

9. A  解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thirst can sometimes be mistaken for hunger”和“While water does not cause you to lose weight, it does keep you hydrated (含水的) and might help you to eat less”可知，水能帮助你少吃一点，而不会让你减肥。

10. D  解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的At present, these technologies are still expensive, though. 和第二段的Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart key board. 可知，研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D。

11. C  解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的The key board could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus，the keyboard can determine people’s identities可知，因为每个人的打字方式不同，使智能键盘能够识别人的身份。故选C。

12. B  解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 可知，研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选B。

13. D  解析：推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，它能给e-space用户带来安全，由此可知，本文是关于科技，结合所给选项可知，本文可能来自于一本杂志。故选D。

14. D  解析：从文章篇章结构分析，此空是本段主旨句，是对本段所列举的“leadership and management skills；team spirit...communication skills”的总结，即作为舞台监督应具备的条件与特点，故选D项。

15. C  解析：本段中心是讲“Volunteer”，与C项中的“looking for volunteers”相对应，故选C项。

16. F  解析：本段主要讲要从最基础做起，才能通往事业的最高峰，Start at the bottom与F项中的“the top of the ladder”相对应，且结合语境可知应选F项。

17. A  解析：从文章篇章结构分析，本空应选择一个主旨句。空后的“It will help you understand what each team member is doing and how difficult their job is”是一个重要提示，即成为一名舞台监督前做每份工作是有必要的，故选A项。

18. E  解析：根据空前的“If you don’t know...what you’re doing”可知，这里讲的是通过前边所述的这种方式，问题能够很快被解决。

19. D  解析：马拉松赛跑来自希腊历史上的一个重大的事件，故用come from。 come round 绕道而行;come about 发生;come out 出来，出版。

20. C  解析：根据空格后的the Persian army知希腊与波斯军队交战，故用fight。 fight against 与……交战。

21. B  解析：t is said that...是固定句型，意为“据说……”。

22. C  解析：“倍数+as...as...”意为“……是……的多少倍”，因说的是士兵的人数，修饰可数名词用many。

23. D  解析：根据下文的were badly beaten知表示“被……进攻”，故用by表示被动。

24. B  解析：波斯人被从马拉松平原上赶走了。drive away驱赶;赶走。

25. D  解析：根据下文他跑着去告诉人们这个好消息可知，他擅长跑步，是最著名的跑步者，故用runner。

26. B  解析：根据solider知，应是被命令去传递消息，故用order。

27. C  解析：根据空格后的many wounds知，他受了伤，故用receive。accept指主观上接受。

28. D  解析：根据后面的距离twenty-six and a quarter miles知，是一个很远的城市，故用distant。

29. D  解析：用it代替距离。

30. A  解析：空格前后的两个句子是并列关系，故用and连接。

31. C  解析：根据空格前的gathered知，是聚在那里等消息，故用wait。

32. B  解析：根据空格后的across plains以及其前的over知，这位士兵跨过了高山，故用hills。

33. D  解析：根据空格前的his lips知，这名士兵因跑步而嘴唇干裂，故用dry。

34. A  解析：因为是战争胜利了的消息，因此人们听到应该很高兴，故用joy。

35. B  解析：根据第29空前的ran and ran以及此空后的harder than ever知，他应是跑得更快了，故用ran。

36. D  解析：根据空格前的fell down以及下文的马拉松赛知，这位士兵累死了，故用dead。

37. A  解析：in honour of 为了纪念……。in need of 需要;in search of 寻找，搜寻;in danger of处于危险中。

38. D  解析：先行词the Marathon race的引导词在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。

39. which  解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词No.1 Senior High School，同时在从句中作主语，故填which。

40. education  解析：考查词形转换。根据语境和其前的形容词可知，这里应用名词，表示″教育″。

41. organized  解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是“get+宾语+宾补”结构，宾语和宾补之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故使用过去分词作宾补。

42. a  解析：考查冠词。a total of表示“总量，总数”。

43. volunteers  解析：考查词形转换。根据语境，这里表示″志愿者″，且应用名词的复数形式。

44. because/since/for  解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，这里表示原因。

45. equipment  解析：考查词形转换。这里需要用名词表示“设备”，故填equipment，且其为不可数名词。

46. between  解析：考查固定搭配。根据语境“欢迎大家在上午十点到下午四点之间任何时候来″，用″between...and...”结构。

47. to protect  解析：考查非谓语动词。这里表目的，故用动词不定式。

48. really  解析：考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用所给词的副词形式really修饰谓语动词。

写作

试题分析：

作文题目是回电子邮件，内容是回复对方的问题：暑假的打算。题目给出语言运用的情境，还有写作的要点提示，但所给出的要点仅是文章应包括的内容，而非具体的语言信息，所以考生便不能做逐句的翻译。

根据要求中的提示，可以列提纲如下：

1. 主题句：很高兴收到你的电子邮件。

2. 一是没及时回电子邮件的原因，二是暑假的打算，这是文章的中心和要点，需要大量的笔墨，这里可以写三条：

① 打工；

② 旅游；

③ 做志愿者。

3. 最后用一两句话回归主题

One possible version:

Dear Tom,

I’m sorry not to reply to your email which you sent me a week ago, because I was so occupied with going over my lessons for my end-of-term exam. Now, it eventually came to an end, and I have time to write to tell you my plans for the coming summer holidays.

The first thing I plan to do is to do a part-time job in a fast-food restaurant. Not only will I earn some money but I also gain some social experience through it. In addition, I will go on a trip to Sichuan, where there are a great number of places of interest. I have been looking forward to going there for nearly a year. Finally and most importantly, I’ll go to Yan’an to work as a volunteer. It suffered from a strong earthquake not long ago. There is no doubt that children there are badly in need of care and help. I’ll help them forget about sorrow by playing with them, teaching them English and telling stories. I hope what I will do will make a great difference to them.

Wish you a good holiday!

Yours,

Li Hua

点评：

（1）本书面表达是一篇半开放性作文，根据写作要求知，本文需要包括两部分内容，一是未回电子邮件的原因，这一部分发生在过去，需用一般过去时；二是假期的打算，这一部分发生在将来，需用一般将来时。文章总共分为两个段落，假期打算是主体，需要重笔描述。

（2）本书面的范文层次分明，结构严谨，给人醒目之感.第一段简单描述未及时回信的原因，第二段重笔描述了自己的三个打算，三个打算紧紧相扣，使文章显得非常紧凑。

（3） 文章中有大量的采分亮点：

① 使用了高级词汇和短语，增加了文章的采分点，如be occupied with, a great number of, look forward to, suffered from, in need of, by doing, make a difference to等。

②使用了很多过渡词汇，如now, the first thing, in addition, finally and most importantly等。

③句型结构多样化，提高了文章的档次，如定语从句（which you sent me ..., I plan to do, where there are...）;倒装句（not only do I ...）;名词性从句（there is no doubt that..., what I will do...） 等。