人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 3 Computers精品课后练习题

2021学年高一精品单元模拟试卷  

必修二 Unit3 Computers

英   语  （二）

（本卷满分100分）

一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共16分）

A

Who is smarter? A human being or artificial intelligence(人工智能)?

The question swept the world when a Google-developed program called AlphaGo defeated the world top player, South Korean Lee Se-del, 4-1.

So, what comes next?

Some people have been arguing that artificial intelligence, or AI in short, will be a bad thing for humans. In an interview with the BBC in 2014, UK scientist Stephen Hawking warned that “the development of full artificial intelligence could mean the end of the human race.”

So are we really about to live in the world shown in the Terminator movies?

“Not quite,” answered The Economist. After all, it’s not hard to get a computer program to remember and produce facts. What is hard is getting computers to use their knowledge in everyday situations.

“We think that, for the human being, things like sight and balance(视觉平衡), are natural and ordinary in our life.” Thomas Edison，founder of Motion Figures, a company that is bringing AI to boys, told the newspaper. “But for a robot, to walk up and down just like human beings requires various decisions to be made every second, and it’s really difficult to do.”

As The Economist put it, “We have a long way to go before AI can truly begin to be similar to the human brain, even though the technology can be great.”

Meanwhile, John Markoff of The New York Times said that researchers should build artificial intelligence to make people more effective.

“Our fate is in our own hands,” he wrote. “Since technology depends on the values of its creators, we can make human choices that use technology to improve the world.”

1. What was the result of the match?

A. Lee Se-del won AlphaGo 4-1.    B. Lee Se-del was defeated.

C. Google program beat AlphaGo.   D. Neither side won the match.

2. What does Thomas Edison possibly mean in his remarks?

A. It’s very hard for AI to beat the human brain.

B. AI would take the place of human beings.

C. AI can make various decisions quickly.

D. AI does better than humans in sight and balance.

3. Who believes much has to be done to improve AI?

A. Stephen Hawking.    B. John Markoff.

C. The New York Times.    D. The Economist.

4. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph imply?

A. AI will improve the world completely.

B. AI is in the control of human beings.

C. AI may bring disasters to human beings.

D. AI will make our future out of control.

B

As life in cities worldwide becomes more expensive, urban designers are using modern technology to help citizens avoid traffic jams, and shorten the time needed for bus waiting and other things. Technology is also used to cut costly waste.

In Santander, a Spanish port city, parking is easy to find. As one car drives away, an underground sensor shows that a parking space is now free. 400 sensors send messages to signs on streets, and GPS devices direct drivers to the nearest available parking spaces, reducing traffic jams. Trash is collected only when the bins are full and bus stop signs show exactly when the next bus is coming. The public parks are watered only the soil gets dry. All this is made possible by 20,000 sensors installed on buildings, street posts and even buses. They are part of the “smart city” project, launched by the University of Cantabria seven years ago.

University researchers like Luis Munoz regularly meet with locals to discuss how to make their city even smarter. “They propose when they have ideas and sometimes even develop by themselves. Here, we give them the opportunity to see these ideas happen in real life,” said Munoz. For example, the university helped a woman create an app that outlines the easiest route for walking with a baby stroller. Another provides information to residents about their water consumption and sends an alarm to their phone if there is a leak.

The Santander smart project is attracting the attention of larger cities in Europe and elsewhere that are looking for smart solutions to urban problems.

5. What is the life like in Santander?

A. It is meaningful.  B. It is full of freedom.

C. It is likely to change fast.  D. It is effective and convenient.

6. How can residents help Munoz’s job?

A. By offering some original or fresh ideas.

B. By showing him around the city.

C. By installing sensors themselves.

D. By using as little water as possible.

7. What does the underlined word “Another” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. A university.  B. A phone.

C. An easy route.  D. An app.

8. What can be the best title for the text?

A. A Worldwide Problem  B. A Smart City Project

C. A Creative Researcher  D. A Trend in Urban Design

二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）

The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we’ve never been before.

But just as in face to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when online.   9   Imagine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes.

For anything you’re about to send: ask yourself, “Would I say this to the person’s face?” if the answer is no, rewrite and reread.   10 

If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct(本能) is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so.   11   If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.

  12   Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, whether it’s a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it’s a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything. Having good manners yourself doesn’t give you license to correct everyone else.   13   At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.

It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and marital status. Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don’t ask such questions.

A. It’s natural that there are some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online.

B. Repeat the process till you feel sure that you’d feel comfortable saying the words to the person’s face.

C. Everyone was new to the network once.

D. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated.

E. When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear.

F. You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages.

G. If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely.

三、完形填空（每小题2分，共30分）

For a period of a month some time ago, I became a vegetarian. Some people won’t eat meat because they think it is cruel to animals, or because of health   14  . My reason is a little   15  : it is love.

I simply wanted to honor my grandmother by not eating meat. My grandmother spent a large part of her life as a vegetarian, and some of my happiest childhood   16   in Vietnam were of sharing a meal with her.

In fact, as a child, I learned how to   17   food not from dishes my mother often cooked, but from the simple meals my grandmother   18  . Often, dinner with Grandma would come with interesting stories she had known from her childhood.

Grandma   19   more than a decade ago. Now I am an adult living in San Francisco, and Grandma’s vegetarian suppers and stories have become a   20   past. But one morning it occurred to me that I could no longer hear the sound of my grandmother’s voice, because she had left me forever. So I   21   to become a vegetarian for a month. It is something Grandma would do as a way to   22   those who had died before her. And I could do no less.

In a city famous for its dining experience, this was   23  . I turned down several dinner parties for fear of offending(冒犯) the hosts. I   24   walking by restaurants where the   25   of good cooking wafted(漂浮) in the air. My best friend wondered   26   I was going through a mid-life crisis.

In truth, I wanted to change my   27   many times. What got me through that month-long diet was this particular memory of my grandmother. Now, I followed her   28  . I invited friends who wanted to taste vegetarian food. And as we ate, I told them stories I had known as a child.

14. A. wonders   B. studies    C. dreams   D. concerns

15. A. different   B. useful    C. cool    D. crazy

16. A. lessons    B. opinions   C. chances   D. memories

17. A. appreciate   B. experience   C. improve   D. support

18. A. sold    B. hunted    C. demanded   D. prepared

19. A. pulled away   B. took away   C. passed away  D. put away

20. A. similar    B. temporary   C. various   D. distant

21. A. supposed   B. believed   C. decided   D. refused

22. A. honor    B. protect    C. influence   D. attract

23. A. difficult    B. surprising   C. interesting   D. natural

24. A. forgot    B. regretted   C. avoided   D. enjoyed

25. A. taste    B. skill    C. smell    D. sense

26. A. before    B. if     C. until    D. unless

27. A. mind    B. brain    C. view    D. duty

28. A. theory    B. result    C. fact    D. way

四、单句语法填空（每小题2分，共24分）

29. Human beings have made great progress in space ________ (explore) and medicine.

30. This entertainment centre allows you________ (download) any program.

31. The increase in agricultural output should be due to ________ (technology) progress.

32. I know you have tried your best, but we should face ________ (real).

33. ________ (work) out regularly will bring great benefits to your health.

34. Now they can go to school ________ the Help of the Project Hope.

35. But later, people developed a way of printing, ________ (use) rocks.

36. I knew then how powerful the machine was, but I hadn’t yet experienced it ________ (personal).

37. Actually, speaking a foreign language as ________ (fluent) as a foreigner takes a lot of hard work and practice.

38. China is a country with a large population, ________ makes up about a quarter of the world’s.

39. Actually, he hit upon the ________ (solve) to the problem almost by accident.

40. The telephone ________ (operate) cut us off before we could finish our conversation.

五、单句改错（每小题2分，共20分）

41. After knowing facts have gathered, the scientists decide to make further research in the field.

_______________________________________________________________________

42. The Great Wall and the Palace Museum are so well-known tourist attractions that millions of people pour in every year.

_______________________________________________________________________

43. He feels happy that the problem has solved successfully at last.

_______________________________________________________________________

44. From then on, we have got to know each other and became good friends.

_______________________________________________________________________

45. He is now looking for a job that he can use the French language.

_______________________________________________________________________

46. Cheers arise from the crowd when the president appeared.

_______________________________________________________________________

47. In the way, the book seems very amusing to me.

_______________________________________________________________________

48. She felt that most of what she learned in the course was of practical useful.

_______________________________________________________________________

49. In a reality we cannot control time, but we can work out plans and make good use of time.

_______________________________________________________________________

50. A quarrel has been broken out between the two neighbors.

_______________________________________________________________________

必修二 Unit3 Computers

英 语（二）答案

一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共16分）

【答案】1-4 BADB

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能阿尔法狗击败了韩国棋手李世石，这引发了人们对于人工智能是否会超越人类的讨论。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段中“...when a Google  developed program called AlphaGo defeated the world top player, South Korean Lee Se-del, 4-1’ ”. 可知，李世石被人工智能阿尔法狗击败，故B项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据第六段中的“But for a robot, to walk up and down just like human beings requires various decisions to be made every second, and it’s really difficult to do. ”可知，Thomas Edison认为机器人像人类那样来回走动都需要每秒做出大量决定。由此可知，他认为人工智能很难打败人类，故A项正确。

3.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“As The Economist put it, ‘We have a long way to go before AI can truly begin to be similar to the human brain, even though the technology can be great.’ ”可知，《经济学人》杂志认为在人工智能真正开始与人类大脑相似之前，我们还有很长的路要走，也就是要改进人工智能还有很多工作要做，故D项正确。

4.词句猜测题。画线句的字面意思是：我们的命运掌握在自己手中，根据画线句后的“Since technology depends on the values of its creators, we can make human choices that use technology to improve the world. ”可知，由于技术依赖于其创造者的价值观，我们可以通过人类的选择来利用技术让世界变得更好。由此可知，画线句的意思是说人工智能在人类的控制之下，故B项正确。

【答案】6-8 DADB

【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了智慧城市展示了科技给人们生活带来的便利。

5.推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一、二句“In Santander, a Spanish port city, parking is easy to find. As one car drives away, an underground sensor shows that a parking space is now free.”可知，在桑坦德，停车场非常容易找到，一辆车离开，地下的传感器会显示现在有空余车位。由此推断出在桑坦德的生活是非常高效和方便的。故D项正确。

6.细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“They propose when they have ideas and sometimes even develop by themselves.”可知，居民能够提供原创或新鲜的想法。故正确答案为A。

7.词义猜测题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句“For example, the university helped a woman create an app that outlines the easiest route for walking with a baby stroller.”可知，这所大学帮助一位女士创建了一个应用程序，该应用程序概述了使用婴儿前行的最简单路线。结合空格所在句的句意，另一个则向居民提供关于他们的用水量的信息，并且如果存在泄漏，则向他们的手机发送警报。可以推断出“Another”指的是另一个app。故D项正确。

8.主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了智能城市的建立。根据文章第二段最后一句 “They are part of the ‘smart city’ project, launched by the University of Cantabria seven years ago.” 和文章最后一段 “The Santander smart project is attracting the attention of larger cities in Europe and elsewhere that are looking for smart solutions to urban problems.”可知，文章旨在介绍智能城市项目。故B项正确。

二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）

【答案】9-13 DBFCG

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要向读者介绍了如何在网上友好交流。

9.根据空前一句：正如面对面的交流一样，网上交流也应遵循一些行为准则和空后一句：换位思考下，如果你处在别人的地位，你的感受怎样可知，选项D（最基本的准则就是将心比心来对待别人）与前后语义一致。故选D。

10.根据空前（你想发送任何信息时，都不妨问问自己：如果我当面与此人谈话，我会这样说吗？如果答案是否定的，那么就请重写，再重读）可知，选项B（重复这个过程直到你确定你感觉当面与此人说这些话时，感觉很舒服）与前文语义顺承。故选B。

11.根据空前：如果有人在聊天室里对你不礼貌，你的本能反应是以同样的方式怼回去，但请试着不要这样做和空后：如果这是因为和其他成员的分歧造成的，请试着通过礼貌的讨论来处理这种情形可知，作者建议在聊天室中被粗鲁对待的网友，既不要忽视不礼貌的网友，也不要屏蔽他，而是通过礼貌的方式解决。由此可知，选项F符合语境。

12.根据空后：当被新人问及建议时，一定要提供建议可知，选项C（每一个人都曾经是网络新人）符合前后文语境。故选C。

13.根据空前：有礼貌不意味着你可以随便批评别人可知，选项G（如果你确实发现有人犯错，请礼貌地指出）符合上下语境顺承。故选G。

三、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）

【答案】14-18 DADAD 19-23 CDCAA 24-28 CCBAD

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆起童年时和素食者的祖母一起进餐的快乐经历，于是为了纪念祖母，作者决定做一个月的素食者。虽然过程很困难，作者数次想要改变主意，但是还是坚持了下来，如今作者也追随着祖母的方式，邀请想品尝素食的朋友，一边吃一边给他们讲自己小时候的故事。

14.考查名词。句意：有些人不吃肉，因为他们认为吃肉对动物很残忍，或者是出于健康问题考虑。A. wonders：奇观；B. studies：研究；C. dreams：梦想；D. concerns：考虑，关心。根据上文because of health可知此处指出于健康考虑，不吃肉。故选D。

15.考查形容词。句意：我的理由有点不同：是爱。A. different：不同的；B. useful：有用的；C. cool：凉爽的；D. crazy：疯狂的。结合上文可知大多数人不吃肉要么是觉得残忍，要么是因为自身健康问题，而作者是因为爱，所以作者的理由和其他人有点不同。故选A。

16.考查名词。句意：我的祖母一生中大部分时间都是素食者，而我在越南最快乐的童年记忆就是和她一起吃饭。A. lessons：课程；B. opinions：观点；C. chances：机会；D. memories：记忆。根据下文中“Now I am an adult”可知作者如今已经成年了，所以此处是指快乐的童年记忆。故选D。

17.考查动词。句意：事实上，在我还是个孩子的时候，我学会如何欣赏食物，不是从我妈妈经常做的菜，而是从我祖母准备的简单的饭菜。A. appreciate：欣赏；B. experience：经历；C. improve：改善；D. support：支持。根据后文“Often, dinner with Grandma would come with interesting stories she had known from her childhood.”可知和祖母进餐的经历，让还是个孩子的作者学会了如何欣赏食物。故选A。

18.考查动词。A. sold：出售；B. hunted：狩猎；C. demanded：要求；D. prepared：准备。根据前句可知作者吃的是祖母准备的简单饭菜。故选D。

19.考查动词短语。句意：祖母十多年前就去世了。A. pulled away：离开；B. took away：带走；C. passed away：去世；D. put away：放好。根据后文“because she had left me forever”可知祖母去世了。故选C。

20.考查形容词。A. similar：相似的；B. temporary：暂时的；C. various：不同的；D. distant：遥远的。根据上文“more than a decade ago”可知祖母十多年前就去世了，所以她的素食晚餐和故事已经成为遥远的过去。故选D。

21.考查动词。A. supposed：认为；B. believed：相信；C. decided：决定；D. refused：拒绝。根据后文“to become a vegetarian for a month”可知作者决定做一个月的素食者。故选C。

22.考查动词。句意：这是祖母会用来纪念那些在她之前去世的人的一种方式。A. honor：纪念；B. protect：保护；C. influence：影响；D. attract：吸引。根据第二段中“I simply wanted to honor my grandmother by not eating meat.”可知吃素也是一种祖母用来纪念去世的人的方式，作者也用这种方式来纪念祖母。故选A。

23.考查形容词。句意：在一个以就餐体验闻名的城市，这是很困难的。A. difficult：困难的；B. surprising：令人惊讶的；C. interesting：有趣的；D. natural：自然的。作者要做一个月的素食者，但是自己所在的城市到处都是美食，所以这件事变得很困难。故选A。

24.考查动词。句意：我尽量避免路过那些空气中飘着美食香味的餐馆。A. forgot：忘记；B. regretted：遗憾；C. avoided：避免；D. enjoyed：欣赏。作者要成为素食者，肯定要避免经过那些散发美食气味的餐馆。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”。故选C。

25.考查名词。A. taste：品味；B. skill：技能；C. smell：气味；D. sense：感觉。根据后文“of good cooking wafted in the air”可知是指散发在空气里美食的气味。故选C。

26.考查连接词。句意：我最好的朋友想知道我是否正在经历中年危机。A. before：在……之前；B. if：是否，如果；C. until：直到；D. unless：除非。此处为宾语从句，表示“是否”应用if。故选B。

27.考查名词。句意：事实上，很多次我都想改变主意。A. mind：主意，思维；B. brain：智力；C. view：观点；D. duty：义务。结合句意可知作者很多次都想改变主意了。change one’s mind“改变主意”。故选A。

28.考查名词。A. theory：理论；B. result：结果；C. fact：事实；D. way：方法。根据空格后句可知作者也开始在吃饭时和别人讲故事，说明作者追随了祖母的做法。故选D。

四、单句语法填空（每小题2分，共24分）

29.【答案】exploration   

【解析】考查名词。句意：人类已经在太空探索和医学方面取得了巨大的进步。根据空后的“medicine”可知，此处应用名词与“medicine”并列。故填exploration，表示“探索”，符合句意。

30.【答案】to download

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个娱乐中心允许你下载任何程序。表示“允许某人做某事”，要用allow sb. to do sth.结构，故填to download。

31.【答案】technological

【解析】考查形容词。句意：农业增产应该归功于技术进步。此处修饰名词“progress”，应用该词的形容词形式，故填technological，表示“技术的”。

32.【答案】reality

【解析】考查名词。句意：我知道你已经尽力了，但我们应该面对现实。短语face reality “面对现实”，用名词形式，故填reality。

33.【答案】Working

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有规律地锻炼对你的健康有很大的好处。分析句子结构可知，空处应用-ing形式作主语，表示习惯性、经常性的动作。故填working。

34.【答案】with

【解析】考查介词。句意：在希望工程的帮助下现在他们能够去上学了。短语with the help of...意思是“在……的帮助下”。故填with。

35.【答案】using

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是后来，人们利用石块发展了印刷方法。根据句子的结构来判断，“people”与“use”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处要用动词-ing形式作方式状语，故填using。

36.【答案】personally

【解析】考查副词。句意：当时我虽然知道这台机器威力强大，但我还没有亲身体验过。分析句子结构可知，该空修饰“experienced”，因此用其副词的形式personally。

37.【答案】fluently 

【解析】考查副词。句意：事实上像外国人一样流利地讲一门外语需要很多的辛勤努力和实践。根据“as...as...”结构可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，故填fluently。

38.【答案】which

【解析】考查定语从句连接词。句意：中国是一个人口众多的国家，其人口约占世界人口的四分之一。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰“population”，并在从句中作主语，故填which。

39.【答案】solution

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：实际上，他几乎是偶然想到这个问题的解决办法的。固定短语solution to the problem“问题的解决方案”，故填solution。

40.【答案】operator

【解析】考查名词。句意：我们还没来得及讲完话，电话接线员就把我们的电话切断了。根据后文的“cut off”可知本空应为“电话接线员”，故填operator。

五、单句改错（每小题2分，共20分）

41.【答案】have后加been

42.【答案】so→ such

43.【答案】在has后加been 

44.【答案】删去have 

45.【答案】that→ where

46.【答案】arise→arose  

47.【答案】第一个the→ a  

48.【答案】useful→ use

49.【答案】删去a

50.【答案】删去been