2021版新高考译林英语（江苏专版）一轮教师用书：必修5Unit1Gettingalongwithothers

[单词　拼写应用]

核心单词

1．pretend vi.& vt. 假装；装扮，扮作

2．beg vt.& vi. 请求，恳求；乞讨

3．focus n. 焦点；重点 vi.& vt. 集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦

4．remark n．& vi. 评论，谈论

5．quarrel n．& vi. 争吵，争执

6．blame vt. 责备，指责 n．(坏事或错事的) 责任；责备，指责

7．overcome vt. 克服，解决

8．attitude n. 态度，看法

9．forgive vt. 原谅，宽恕

10．envy vt.& n. 羡慕，忌妒

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) You will surely need  to_overcome (overcome) some difficulties，some planned，but most unplanned.

2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today，many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing(focus) on Chinese traditions.

3．(2016·浙江卷)He would ask who we were and pretend(pretend) not to know us.

4．Had he not apologize to her，she would not have_forgiven(forgive) him.

5．The child begged(beg) not to be left home when his parents went to Shanghai on business.

6．I feel it is your husband who is to_blame(blame) for the spoiled child.

拓展单词

1．apologize vi.道歉→apology n．道歉

2．respond vi.做出反应，回应→response n．回答；反应

3．manner n．方式；态度，举止→manners n．礼貌；礼仪

4．argue vi.争吵，争论→argument n．争辩，争论

5．admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳→admission n．承认；进入；许可

6．mercy n．宽恕；仁慈→merciful adj.仁慈的；宽容的→merciless adj.无情的

7．amuse vt.娱乐，消遣，使发笑→amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的→amused adj.高兴的→amusement n．娱乐，消遣

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空

1．My cousin did very well in the College Entrance Examination，so he gained admission into Beijing University.His abilities were admitted by his family and relatives.(admit)

2．Jim is in an argument with his landlord downstairs，who argues that she didn't steal his money.(argue)

3．Jim apologized to his girlfriend for his being rude to her，but she didn't accept his apology.(apology)

4．Don't speak to your father in this manner，or others will say you have bad manners.(manner)

5．The merciless king showed no mercy and killed all the prisoners.(mercy)

6．After one month with no response，I sent a copy of the letter with the question “why haven't you responded？” (respond)

阅读单词

1．sincerely adv.真诚地

2．sensitive adj.易生气的；敏感的；体贴的

3．anchor vt.扎根于；使基于；下锚；使固定n.锚

4．adolescent adj.青春期的 n．青少年

5．betray vt.出卖，背叛

6．swear vt.& vi.发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话

7．identity n．身份

8．absurd adj.荒唐的，怪诞的

9．acquaintance n．泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情，(与某人)认识

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) The exhibition had record attendance，showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.adj. 创纪录的

2．(2019·浙江卷)Most of the bills on the board were singles，but a few people left fives，tens and even twenties.n. 一元纸币

3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.vt.固定

[短语　多维应用]

[句式　结构仿写]

1．pretend vi.&  vt.假装；装扮，扮作

pretend to be...假装是……

pretend to do sth.假装要做某事

pretend to be doing sth.假装正在做某事

pretend to have done sth.假装已经做过了某事

pretend (that)．..假装……

pretend to be asleep假装睡觉

pretend to be reading假装正在读书

pretend to have forgotten the conversation假装忘记所说的话

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Mary pretended not to_see (see) me when I passed by，which made me very angry.

②She pretended not to_be(be) at home when we rang the bell.

[能力提升]——句式升级

(普通表达)He pretended to have finished his homework already.

(高级表达)He pretended that he_had_finished_his_homework already.

2．admit vt.& vi.承认，供认；接纳，容纳；招收；允许进入

(1)admit to doing sth.承认做过某事

admit (to) doing/having done sth.供认做过某事

admit (to sb.) that...(向某人)承认……

admit sb./sth.to be 承认某人/某物是……

(2)admit sb.to/into...准许某人进入(或加入)……

be admitted to/into...被允许进入/接受……

admit to feeling a bit tired 承认感到有点累

admitted having done wrong 承认做错了

admit that she is very difficult to work with 承认她难以共事

admit sb.into the university某人获准进入大学学习

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①She is said to have been admitted to/into Beijing University.

②You have to admit the performance to_be (be) wonderful.

[能力提升]——一句多译

他承认违反了交通规则。

①He admitted to breaking_the_traffic_rules.(­ing短语作宾语)

②He admitted that_he_had_broken_the_traffic_rules.(宾语从句作宾语)

3．focus vi.&  vt.集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦 n．焦点；重点

(1)focus on 集中于；重点在

focus one's eyes/attention/mind on...把视线/注意力/心思集中到……上

(2)bring sth.into focus 使某事物成为焦点

the focus of...……的焦点

the focus of the world's attention世人关注的中心

focus on the main issues集中在那些主要问题上

focus our attention on global warming把我们的注意力集中到全球变暖问题上

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①The shooting incident that happened on October 1,2017 in Las Vegas brought the problem of violence into focus.

②Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the focus of attention/concern.

[能力提升]——句式升级

(普通表达) His eyes were focused on the blackboard so that he didn't notice the flying birds outside.

(高级表达)His_eyes_focused_on_the_blackboard，he didn't notice the flying birds outside.(用独立主格结构)

[名师点津]　表示“集中(注意力、精力等)于……”的短语还有：pay attention to sth.; put one's heart into sth.; concentrate/fix one's attention on sth.等。

4．argue vi.争吵，争论 vt.主张；说服

(1)argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人就某事争辩

argue for/against...赞成/反对……

argue that...认为……；主张……

argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事

(2)have an argument with sb.about/over sth.与某人就某事争辩

argue endlessly about money 为钱财问题无休止地争吵

argue against increasing fee 反对增加费用

argue in favour of stricter punishments支持更严厉的惩罚

try to argue him into going alone设法说服他独自去

[基础练习]——语段语法填空

The workers，who argued for their own rights，argued with the boss for a few days，but failed to argue him into giving(give) them a rise in wages.

[能力提升]——一句多译

学生们就校服问题与老师们发生了争论。

①The students had_an_argument_with_their_teachers_about/over their school uniforms.(argument)

②The students argued_with_their_teachers_about/over their school uniforms. (argue)

5．apologize vi.道歉

(1)apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉

(2)make an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉

owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉

accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉

apologize to him for our error 为我们的过错向他道歉

apologize for being rude 因为无礼而道歉

expect a full written apology 希望得到一份完整的书面道歉

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.

②You shouldn't have spoken to your mother in a rude manner.You owe her an apology immediately.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

(普通表达)You should apologize to him for having kept him waiting so long.

①(高级表达)You should make_an_apology_to_him_for_having_kept him waiting so long.

②(高级表达)You owe_him_an_apology_for_having_kept him waiting so long.

6．blame vt.责备，指责；把……归咎于 n．(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责

(1)blame sb.for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事责备某人

blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人

be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备

(2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任

put/lay the blame for sth.on...将某事归咎于……

place the blame on the doctor 把责任归咎于医生

bear the blame of his brother替他兄弟受责

be to blame for their deaths 应对他们的死亡负责

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.

②Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16­year­old boy，saying that he was not the one to_blame (blame)．

[能力提升]——一句多译

她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。

①She blamed_her_husband_for the failure of their marriage.(blame v．)

②She blamed_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on her husband.(blame v．)

③She put/laid_the_blame_for_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on her husband. (blame n．)

7．respond vi.做出反应，回应vt.& vi.回答

(1)respond to 答复……；对……做出反应

(2)in response to 对……做出反应

make a response to 对……做出回答/应

respond politely to her questions礼貌地回答她的问题

respond with a smile以微笑表示回答；报以一笑

make a quick response to my inquiry 对我的询问很快做出答复

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①All of us have our opinions and we respond to it in different ways.

②In response to the customer's complaint，our manager fired the worker.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

(普通表达)Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to respond to it.

(高级表达)Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to make_a_response_to _it.(response)

[名师点津]　respond to，in response to，make a response to中的to都是介词，后接名词、代词或v.­ing形式。

8．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯

(1)show mercy to sb./have mercy on sb.怜悯某人

at the mercy of...任由……摆布；受……控制

it's a mercy that...……真是万幸

without mercy 毫不留情地

(2)be merciful to/towards sb.对某人仁慈

beg for mercy 乞求宽恕

be treated with mercy 受到仁慈的待遇

learn to show mercy to others 学会宽恕别人

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①After the boat's motor failed，they were only at the mercy of the weather.

②It was a mercy that she wasn't seriously hurt and was waiting until the rescue arrived.

[能力提升]——一句多译

他们要她对犯人慈悲为怀。

①They asked her to show_mercy_to/have_mercy_on the prisoners.(mercy)

②They asked her to be_merciful_to/towards the prisoners.(merciful)

9．get through (用电话)接通；通过(考试、议案等)；完成；到达；用完，花光；(设法)处理；度过

go through 经历，经受；仔细查看；完成

get through with 结束，完成

look through 浏览；翻阅

see through 看穿，识破

break through 突破(障碍)

pull through康复；渡过难关

have a pile of papers to get through 有一大堆文件要处理

get through the novel in one evening 一个晚上就看完了这本小说

get through with painting the house 刷完房子

[基础练习]——写出下列句中get through的含义

①I tried to ring my girlfriend but I couldn't get through.接通

②(2016·全国卷Ⅱ) This will give you the confidence you need to get you through  the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.度过

③I am glad to hear that she got through  the exam，which she had been preparing for a long time.通过

[能力提升]——完成句子

我工作一做完就来找你们。

I'll join you as soon as I get_through_with_my_work.

[名师点津]　表示“用电话接通到(联系到)某人”用get through to sb.。

10．end up 最后成为；最终处于

end up doing sth.最终做了某事

end up＋形容词/介词短语最终处于……状态

end up as...最终成为/变成……

end up with 以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词)

end up in 以……结束(后接表抽象概念的名词)

end up as head of the firm 最后成了公司的负责人

end up with nothing一无所得

end up dead in a car accident最终在一次车祸中丧命

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①While studying，fix your mind on what is really important，or you will end up remembering (remember) nothing.

②Anderson was born into a poor family，but ended up as one of the greatest writers of his time.

[能力提升]——完成句子

如果你不听我的建议，你最终会失败的。

You'll end_up_in_failure if you don't follow my advice.

11．rely on 依靠，依赖；信任

rely on sb.to do sth.指望/相信某人做某事

rely on (doing) sth.依赖/信任/指望(做)某事

rely on it that...相信……；指望……

rely on his finishing the work today 信赖他今天能完工

rely on the weather being fine指望会碰上好天气

rely on our children to do such work 放心地让孩子们去做这样的工作

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①We rely heavily on computers to_organize (organize) our work.

②Many people now would rely on surfing (surf) the Internet rather than read newspaper for news.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

(普通表达)You may believe that the work will be finished ahead of time.

①(高级表达)You may rely_on_it_that the work will be finished ahead of time.(rely)

②(高级表达)You may depend_on_it_that the work will be finished ahead of time.(depend)

[联想发散]　在rely on it that...结构中，it作形式宾语，that引导的从句作真正宾语。用于此结构的动词(短语)还有love，like，appreciate，hate，depend on，see to等。

[名师点津]　rely on和depend on表示“依靠；依赖”时，二者可换用。

12．(教材P2) I don't_think I can ever truly forgive her.我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。

[句型公式]　句中don't think采用了否定转移结构。

否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，需要注意的是：

(1)主句谓语是一般现在时

(2)谓语动词应是think，believe，suppose，guess，imagine等

[金句推送]　 I don't think it is right for all of us to ignore our behavior in public places.

我认为我们不应该忽视我们在公共场所的行为。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①I don't suppose that the man can finish the work on time，can he?

②He doesn't think it will rain，does he?

[能力提升]——完成句子

①我们认为你根本不明白我们在说什么。

We_don't_suppose/think_you_understand in the least what we're saying.

②我认为那不是真的，是吗？

I don't believe that it is true，is_it?

13．(教材P3) Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy，Peter，and I cannot_help_wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.昨天，我看见他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。

[句型公式]　句中cannot (can't) help doing sth.意为“忍不住做某事，不禁做某事 ” 。

can't help doing...情不自禁做……，忍不住做……

can't help but do...忍不住做……；不得不做……

can't help (to) do...不能帮忙做……

help oneself to...自用/自取所需食物等

[金句推送]　(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.

在我们回家的路上，雨下得很大，我们禁不住想知道要多久才能到达那里。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①I can't help (to)_clean(clean) the room，because I have to do my homework.

②I think everybody can't help laughing(laugh) if they see it.

[能力提升]——链接写作

(普通表达) Looking at the Great Wall，you can't help wondering how it was built so many years ago.

(高级表达) Looking at the Great Wall，you can't_help_but_wonder how it was built so many years ago.

多维训练——夯实基础

维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空

1．To be honest，it was Su's fault but Li was also to_blame(blame)．

2．The media often make remarks (remark) on the private life of popular stars.

3．From the looks on their faces，I believed that they had had an argument (argue)．

4．I sincerely (sincere) express my regret again about the inconvenience caused by us.

5．She tried to seem angry，but she betrayed (betray) herself by smiling.

6．He often pretends to_be_working (work) when actually he is just wasting time online.

7．I can't help laughing(laugh) every time I think of the incident.

8．Having been caught on the spot，the man had to admitted stealing/having_ stolen (steal) money from the girl.

9．The students listened to the teacher carefully with their eyes focused (focus) on the blackboard.

10．These comments came in response (respond) to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词

1．Learn to rely on yourself first，then others.

2．You should make an apology to her for your hurting her.

3．Regardless of what his parents think，he is leaving home for a new job in Shenzhen.

4．The manager had mercy on the children dressed in rags and gave them some food.

5．A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.

维度3——查缺补漏

1．It was thanks to your timely help that we accomplished the task on time.

2．I shall never forgive myself for failing to help you when you were in danger.

3．To my amusement(amuse)he couldn't get the door open.

4．I truly (true) hope that you can take my suggestions into full consideration.

维度4——话题写作

1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)

①汤姆说话不算数。他和同学相处得不好。

Tom didn't keep_his_word.He couldn't get along well with his classmates.

②当他犯了错误或与别人争吵时，他总是责备他人，并且从不道歉。

When he made a mistake or quarrelled with someone else，he always blamed_others and never apologized_to_them.

③汤姆很是苦恼。马克决定帮助他，多次和汤姆面对面交谈。

Tom felt very upset.Mark was_determined_to_help_him and talked to him face_to_face many times.

④同学们渐渐地原谅了他。

Little by little，his classmates forgave_him.

⑤现在汤姆交了很多朋友。朋友们也信任他。

Now Tom has made many friends.They rely_on_him as well.

⑥懂得如何与他人相处和保持友谊是一门艺术。

It's an art to know how_to_get_on_with_others and keep friendship.

2．升级平淡句

(1)利用and this was why升级1中的句①

Tom_didn't_keep_his_word_and_this_was_why_he_couldn't_get_along_well

_with_his_classmates.

(2)利用连词so和现在分词短语作状语升级1中的句③

Tom_felt_very_upset，so_Mark_was_determined_to_help_him，talking_to_him_ face_to_face_many_times.

(3)利用who引导定语从句升级1中的句⑤

Now_Tom_has_made_many_friends_who_rely_on_him_as_well.

3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：just because of this，as far as I know)

In the past，Tom didn't keep his word and this was why he couldn't get along well with his classmates.When he made a mistake or quarrelled with someone else，he always blamed others and never apologized to them.Just because of this，Tom felt very upset，so Mark was determined to help him，talking to him face to face many times.Little by little，his classmates forgave him.Now Tom has made many friends who rely on him as well.As far as I know，it's an art to know how to get on with others and keep friendship.