2021版高考英语（外研版）一轮复习教师用书：必修54Module4　Carnival


一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
carnival n．　　　　　　 ghost n.
costume n. empire n.
magnificent adj. calendar n.
ingredient n. whistle n.
parade n. elegant adj.
multicultural adj. master n.
unite vt. origin n.
abolish vt.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．hide vt.　　　　　　 掩藏；躲藏
2．pretend vi. 假装
3．book vt. 预订
4．wander vi. 漫步；闲逛
5．mark vt. 标志(着)；标注
6．trade n. 贸易
7．transport vt. 运输；运送
8．freedom n. 自由
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．extend vt.延长→extension n．延伸；扩大
2．taste n．味道v.品尝→tasty adj.美味可口的
3．import vt.引进；进口→(反义词)export vt.出口
4．celebrate vt.庆祝→celebration n．庆典；庆祝
5．magic n．魅力；魔力→magical adj.魔法的；魔术的→magician n．魔术师
6．relax vt.使……放松→relaxing adj.使人放松的→relaxed adj.放松的→__relaxation n．消遣；娱乐
7．memory n．记忆→memorize v．记住→memorial n．纪念碑(或像等) adj.纪念的→memorable adj.值得纪念的；难忘的
8．confuse vt.混乱；使迷惑→confusion n．杂乱；混乱；困惑→confused adj.迷惑的；混乱的→confusing adj.令人迷惑的

1.巧记不规则动词
①hide→hid→hidden
②bite→bit→bitten
③write→wrote→written
④ride→rode→ridden
⑤forbid→forbade→forbidden
2.由extend想到的
①enlarge v．　 　　 扩大
②expand vt.　 扩张
③stretch v. 伸展，张开
④broaden v. 扩大，变阔
⑤deepen v. 加深
⑥contract v. 收缩，缩小
⑦narrow v. (使)变狭窄
3.“走”姿大展示
①wander vi.　　 漫步；闲逛
②walk v. 散步
③pace v. 踱步
④climb v. 攀登
⑤crawl v. 爬行
⑥march v. 行军，进军
⑦rush v. 冲；奔；闯
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．come__to__an__end　　　　　 完结
2．dress__up 装扮；打扮
3．consist__of 由……组成；由……构成
4．on__end 连续地；竖着
5．in__secret 秘密地；暗地里
6．date__back__to/from 追溯到(某个时候)
7．give__up 放弃(想法；尝试)
8．take__over 接管；接收
9．wash__down 冲洗某物，冲下

1.“come to a(n)＋n.”短语全扫描
①come to an end　　　　　 完结；结束
②come to a conclusion 得出结论
③come to a decision 做出决定
④come to an agreement 达成协议
⑤come to an understanding 达成谅解
2.“v.＋up”短语大全
①dress up　　 装扮；打扮
②eat up 吃光
③burn up 烧尽
④use up 用完
⑤make up 编造
⑥stay up 熬夜
3.不能用于被动语态的高频短语
①consist of　　 　　 由……构成
②run out 用完
③date back to/from 追溯到
④give out 用尽；精疲力竭
⑤belong to 属于
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句
Think__of__carnival,__and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion.
想到狂欢节，你就会想到人群、各式各样的服装和热闹非凡的场面。
句型2：“the＋名词/数词/代词＋of＋which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句
Their use was limited by laws, the__first__of__which dates back to the fourteenth century.
它们(面具)的使用受到法律的限制，最早可追溯到14世纪。
句型3：there is/was no/a(n)．..need for sb.to do sth.(不)需要某人做某事
...there__was__an__immediate__need__for__people__to__work__on them.
……急需人手干活。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．Although it has been years, that event is still fresh in my memory(记忆)．
2．All kinds of goods are being transported(运输) to a lot of countries every day.
3．These apples are more expensive because they are imported(进口) from abroad.
4．The travelers decided to extend(延长) their visit to see more about the beautiful country.
5．She pretended(假装) to be calm, but actually she was very nervous at that time.
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．The little boy gave away his hiding(hide) place when he coughed.
7．I came up and said hello to him when I saw Professor Lee wandering(wander) with his wife in the park.
8．Last Monday the teachers and students held a grand ceremony in celebration(celebrate) of the 80th anniversary of our school.
9．This is the first time that I have enjoyed this kind of tasty(taste) mooncakes.
10．He drew out a pile of papers marked(mark) with name and date which could date from 20 years ago.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)There will be a wide variety of activities to mark this unforgettable occasion.纪念
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑) of each to their particular circumstance.扩大……的范围
3．(2019·江苏卷)The 65­year­old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer’s(阿尔兹海默症). He was losing his memory.记忆力
4．(2019·天津卷)We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.轻松的；愉快的
Ⅲ.选词成篇
come to an end; dress up; on end; consist of; wash down
Our dance team 1.consists__of 20 girls. After training about two weeks 2.on__end,__we were about to perform on the stage. All of us had 3.dressed__up and were eager for the performance. When our performance 4.came__to__an__end,__all the judges stood up and applauded for us.
in secret; date back to; give up; by force; take over
His smoking 5.dates__back__to about ten years ago. Because smoking was forbidden in the company, he often smoked 6.in__secret. But when the company was 7.taken__over by a new boss, punishment for smoking was very serious. In order not to be dismissed, he had no choice but to 8.give__up smoking.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．不要气馁！对一切事情泰然处之，你就会享受你的生活中的每一天。
Don’t be discouraged! Take__things__as__they__are and you will enjoy every day of your life.
2．我读过余光中的许多诗，其中一首我永远不会忘记。
I have read many poems of Yu Guangzhong, one__of__which__I__will__never__forget．
3．我们没必要为就业担心，因为政府正在尽一切努力提供更多的工作岗位。
There__is__no__need__for__us__to__worry__about the employment as the government is now making every effort to provide more jobs.

hide　vt.(hid; hidden)把……藏起来；掩藏；躲藏；隐藏；隐瞒　vi.躲藏，躲避
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I feel sure there’s something about her past that she’s trying to hide from me.
②a.(江苏卷)In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the work.
b．(浙江卷)My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding(hide) place I couldn’t find.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级
③(普通表达)Because everyone’s face was__hidden__behind__the__mask(藏在面具的后面), it’s hard to tell who they really are.
④(高级表达)With__everyone’s__face__hidden__behind__the__mask,__it’s hard to tell who they really are.(with复合结构)

(1)hide sth. from sb.　　　 隐瞒某人某事
hide sth.in/under/behind...
把某物隐藏在……
里面/下面/后面
(2)hiding adj. 躲藏的
hidden adj. 秘密的；隐秘的
[佳句背诵] He gave himself a new name to hide his identity when he went to carry out the secret task.
他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。(湖北卷)
[词块助记] a hiding place　 藏身处
a hidden place　 一个秘密的/隐蔽的地方
pretend　v．假装；佯作
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(浙江卷)He would ask who we were and pretend not to__know(know) us.
②(2019·天津卷)So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to__be__reading(read)．
③He decided to help me but I pretended to__have__finished(finish) my job already.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级
④(普通表达)She pretended__that__she__didn’t__know__me/pretended__not__to__know__me(假装不认识我). This really made me upset.
⑤(高级表达)She__pretended__that__she__didn’t__know__me/pretended__not__to__know__me,__which__really__made__me__upset.(非限制性定语从句)

　
[佳句背诵] I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine.
我曾一直欺骗自己，假装一切都很好。(浙江卷)
[名师点津] pretend后接不定式时，一定要注意不定式时态的变化。根据句意可用一般式、进行式或完成式。和pretend有类似用法的动词还有happen, appear, seem, claim等。
mark　n．分数；记号；标志；痕迹　v．标明；标志(着)；做记号；打分数；庆祝，纪念
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(2019·北京卷)Earth Day, marked(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
b．The Lantern Festival is a date marking(mark) the end of the Spring Festival.
②As a student, if you want to get full marks(mark) in English, you’d better make a mark where you have questions and then solve them.
[能力提升]——一句多译
昨天我是在校园里捡到了一个笔记本，上面标着姓名和班级。
③It was in the schoolyard that I picked up a notebook which__was__marked__with__the__name__and__class yesterday.(定语从句)
④It was in the schoolyard that I picked up a notebook marked__with__the__name__and__class yesterday.(分词作定语)

(1)mark...with...＝mark...on...
　　　　　 用……做标记；在……上标出
be marked with 标记着……
(2)make a mark 做标记　
[佳句背诵] When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what have been marked.
拿回试卷后，要特别注意做了标记的地方。
[词块助记] full marks　　 满分
get a low/high mark　 得低分/高分
an ink mark　 墨渍
make marks on the tree　 在树上做记号
hit/miss the mark　 命中/未命中靶子；达成/未达成目标
come to an end　完结，结束
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(江苏卷)—Jim, can you work this Sunday?
—Why me? I’ve been working for two weeks on end.
②(朗文辞典)Winning the competition put an end to his financial problems.
③(安徽卷)Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)The meeting was nearly over when I got to the meeting room.
(高级表达)The meeting nearly came__to__an__end when I got to the meeting room.

(1)bring...to an end＝put an end to
　　　　　　　　 使……结束；终止
make ends meet 收支平衡；收支相抵
(2)at the end (of) 在(……的)尽头
in the end 最后，终于
on end 不停地，连续地；竖着
(3)end up (with) (以……)结束；告终　
[佳句背诵] Everyone hopes that the boring discussion can come to an end as soon as possible.
每个人都希望这个乏味的讨论尽快结束。
[名师点津] come to an end主语是物， 不能用于被动语态。bring/put...to an end是及物动词短语， 可以接宾语， 可以用于被动语态。

there is/was no/a(n) ... need for sb.to do sth.(不)需要某人做某事
(教材原句)The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton，fruit and vegetables, meant there was an immediate need for people to work on them.
欧洲人到了美洲，开辟了种植棉花、水果和蔬菜的大农场与大种植园，这意味着急需人手干活。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(安徽卷)There is no need to__tell(tell) me your answer now. Give it some thought and then let me know.
②Now that we have finished our work, there is no point staying(stay) any longer; we may as well go home.
③There is no doubt that China has made great progress in 5G since 2019.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④就我而言，学好一门外语对我们来说是非常有必要的。
As far as I’m concerned, there__is__a__great__need__for__us__to__learn a foreign language well.
⑤我们按时到那里是没有可能的，因为大雪延误了我们的航班。
There__is__no__possibility__that we can get there on time, because our flight has been held up by the snow.

(1)There is a need (for sb. ) to do sth.
　　　　　　　　　 (某人)有必要做某事。
There is no need (for sb. ) to do sth.
(某人)没必要做某事。
(2)There is (no) trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事(没)有困难。
There is no doubt that...
毫无疑问……
There is no chance/possibility to do/of doing/that... 没有做……的机会/可能性。
There is/was no time to do...
没有时间做……
There is (no) point/sense (in) doing sth.
做某事(没)有意义。　

维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．Tom found a hiding place in the trees to keep himself hidden from the enemy.(hide)
2．The 2021 summer camp, consisting(consist) of 30 students, will start for Beijing and stay there for two weeks.
3．The policeman pretended to__be__reading(read) a newspaper. In reality, he was watching the man near the window.
4．There is an immediate need for the government to__take(take) measures to put haze to an end, which has caused many illnesses and deaths.
5．When you are done, put your paper in the envelope marked(mark) with your name.
维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．Last month, the newly­elected president took over the country which is full of tricky problems.
2．Every year, a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old temple dating back to the eleventh century.
3．As it turned out to be a small house party, we needn’t have dressed up so formally.
4．Give me a chance, and I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.
5．It has been raining for days on end as if it would never come to an end.
维度三　派生词练习
1．He has a good memory and can memorize many different figures at one time.(memory)
2．If we follow the clues in Harry’s magical world, perhaps, we can discover the real magic in our own life.(magic)
3．They are celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival and many people are joining in the celebration．(celebrate)
4．I was in confusion after you told me such a confusing story. Tom said he also felt confused．(confuse)
5．I play the piano for relaxation,__which makes me much more relaxed. In addition, some other relaxing activities can also relax me after a day’s study. (relax)
维度四　易错混用
1．Make a bit more effort, or you will make it soon.or→and
2．The young man was put into the prison for panicking others.删除prison前的the
3．He planted two trees last year, both of them are growing well.them→which或在both前加and
4．The doctor has advised him to give up smoking, but he still smokes every now and then with secret.with→in
5．Parents hope that their children can be educated in a relaxed and active atmosphere.relaxed→relaxing

提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
The Spring Festival in China 1.marks(mark) the beginning of a new year. 2.On New Year’s Eve, all family members get together 3.to__celebrate(celebrate) the festival. In my hometown, people will make dough 4.consisting(consist) of flour and water to make dumplings. Last Spring Festival, I ate a dumpling, only to find a coin in it, 5.which made me happy, because a coin in a dumpling means good luck. At the festival, we eat, drink and have fun. Children 6.dressed(dress) in new clothes will get lucky money. To reduce pollution, more people will not set off fireworks. It is a(n) 7.relaxing(relax) festival so people can enjoy much 8.freedom(free) and rest. When it comes to 9.an end, many people will have a lot of nice 10.memories(memory)．
Welcome to China and enjoy the festival with us.
提能二　话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友David请你发帖介绍中国传统节日，请你写一篇短文介绍春节及这个节日里的主要活动。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①作为中国最重要的传统节日，春节是中国农历的第一天，标志着新年的开始。
As the most important traditional festival, the Spring Festival is the first day in Chinese lunar year and it marks__the__beginning__of__the__new__year.
②为庆祝这个节日，各家各户打扫房屋、贴对联，准备各种美味的饭菜。(被动语态)
In__celebration__of the festival, houses are cleaned, red couplets are put on the doors and various__tasty__foods__are__prepared．
③除夕夜，人们和家人团聚在一起吃年夜饭，并燃放烟花。
On New Year’s Eve, people get__together__with__their__families to enjoy a feast and set off fireworks.
④新年期间，人们身着盛装互相拜年。
During the New Year, people dress__up and say “Happy New Year” to each other.
⑤令孩子们高兴的是得到压岁钱，这是一个追溯到很多年前的传统。
What makes children delighted is getting lucky money, which is a tradition dating__back__to__many__years__ago.
2．升级平淡句
⑥用非限制性定语从句升级句①
As__the__most__important__traditional__festival,__the__Spring__Festival__is__the__first__day__in__Chinese__lunar__year,__which__marks__the__beginning__of__the__new__year.
⑦用分词作定语升级句①
As__the__most__important__traditional__festival,__the__Spring__Festival__is__the__first__day__in__Chinese__lunar__year,__marking__the__beginning__of__the__new__year.
3．衔接成美文
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
As the most important traditional festival, the Spring Festival is the first day in Chinese lunar year, marking the beginning of the new year.
In celebration of the festival, houses are cleaned, red couplets are put on the doors and various tasty foods are prepared. On New Year’s Eve, people get together with their families to enjoy a feast and set off fireworks. During the New Year, people dress up and say “Happy New Year” to each other. What makes children delighted is getting lucky money, which is a tradition dating back to many years ago.

(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·石家庄高三一模)
Live at Leeds Festival, the United Kingdom
A weekend of indie music taking over Leeds for one day in May, Metronomy, Sundara Karma and Tom Grennan will headline, but there’s a focus on the city’s newer bands, with the festival aiming to bring new artists into the spotlight. Events take place across the city, with wristbands giving you access to all the places. And to go to this festival, you need to be over 14 years old.
Time: 4 May
Midnight Sun Film Festival, Finland
Almost a hundred miles north of the Arctic Circle, Sodankylä is where Finnish film director brothers Aki and Mika Kaurismäki rock up every summer for their Midnight Sun Film Festival, a five­day­and­night celebration of new cinema. A mix of silent films, contemporary Finnish ones, recent festival hits and box­office classics are screened around the clock.
Time: 12－16 June
Fuji Rock Festival, Japan
The first ever Fuji Rock Festival was held at the bottom of Mount Fuji back in 1997 and has brought in music and rock fans from all over the world. The 23rd Fuji Rock Festival is now held in the Naeba Ski Resort. The artists who perform aren’t all rockers. Your wristband has to be checked at the entrance. We offer facilities for children, but they can’t be left unaccompanied.
Time: 26－28 July
The White Nights Festival, St. Petersburg, Russia
The White Nights Festival is held at the city’s famous Mariinsky Theatre and shows some of the world’s best opera and ballet. It’s the best time to visit St. Petersburg because it’s held during the magical summer period when there’s almost 24 hours of sunlight a day.
Time: 11 May－31 July
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四个艺术类节日，包括英国的Live at Leeds音乐节，芬兰的午夜太阳电影节，日本的富士摇滚音乐节以及俄罗斯的白色夜晚节。
1．Which festival lasts the longest time?
A．Live at Leeds Festival.
B．Midnight Sun Film Festival.
C．Fuji Rock Festival.
D．The White Nights Festival.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据题干关键词“lasts the longest time”定位至四个节日介绍的时间，由“Time: 4 May” “Time: 12－16 June” “Time: 26－28 July” “Time: 11 May－31 July”可知，持续时间最长的是俄罗斯圣彼得堡的白色夜晚节，从五月十一日持续到七月三十一日，故D项正确。
2．Where will you enjoy a 24­hour movie activity?
A．In Leeds, the United Kingdom.
B．In Sodankylä， Finland.
C．In the Naeba Ski Resort, Japan.
D．In St. Petersburg, Russia.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据Midnight Sun Film Festival, Finland部分中的“A mix of silent films...are screened around the clock.”，并结合该部分其他内容可知，在芬兰的Sodankylä这个地方你能享受一个24小时的电影活动，故B项正确。
3．What do Live at Leeds Festival and Fuji Rock Festival have in common?
A．They are of the same music style.
B．They focus on new artists.
C．They require entrance wristbands.
D．They have age limits.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据Live at Leeds Festival, the United Kingdom部分中的“Events take place across the city, with wristbands giving you access to all the places.”可知，英国的Live at Leeds音乐节入场需要带上腕带；根据Fuji Rock Festival, Japan部分中的“Your wristband has to be checked at the entrance.”可知，参加富士摇滚音乐节要在入口处检查腕带。据此可知，这两个节日的共同之处是观众需要带上腕带进场，故C项正确。
B
(2020·武汉调研测试)
While elephants born without tusks(长牙) are not unheard of, they normally form just 2 to 6 percent of the population. However, that is not the case at Mozambique’s Gorongosa National Park, where an astonishing 33 percent of female elephants born after the country’s conflict ended in 1992 are tuskless. While that may appear to be just a coincidence, Joyce Poole, an elephant behavior expert, has another theory. The researcher thinks we may be witnessing unnatural evolution of the species due to the constant hunting of elephants for valuable ivories.
Poole says before the country’s 15­year­long conflict, the park was home to over 4，000 elephants. However, by the time the conflict ended in 1992, about 90 percent of them had been killed for ivories to get money. Of the less than 200 survivors, over 50 percent of adult females had no tusks. Therefore, it is not surprising that the park’s tuskless elephant population has grown greatly.
This is not the first time researchers have observed a great change in the population of elephants. At Zambia’s South Luangwa National Park and Lupande Game Management Area, areas which were heavily hunted in the 1970s and 1980s, 35% of elephants of 25 years old or older and 13% of those younger than 25 are now without tusks. A 2008 study published in the African Journal of Ecology found that the number of tuskless females at the Ruaha National Park in Tanzania went from 10.5 percent in 1969 to almost 40 percent in 1989, largely due to illegal hunting for ivories.
The recent ban on ivories in both the US and China should help get rid of, or at least reduce, elephant hunting. However, scientists are not sure how long it will take for elephants with a higher rate of tuskless females to change the__trend．
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。在1992年，在莫桑比克的Gorongosa国家公园，有33%的雌象生来就没有长牙，大象行为专家认为，这是人们为了获得珍贵的象牙，而对大象进行持续不断的猎杀而造成的非自然的进化。
4．What is the probable cause of the phenomenon mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．Illegal hunting.　　　　 B．Constant farming.
C．A pure coincidence. D．Natural evolution.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段尾句“The researcher thinks we may be witnessing unnatural evolution of the species due to the constant hunting of elephants for valuable ivories.”可知，这位研究人员认为，由于持续不断地猎杀大象以获取珍贵的象牙，我们可能正在目睹物种的非自然进化。据此可知，第一段中提到的现象的可能原因是非法猎杀，故A项正确。
5．Why did people kill so many elephants during the conflict in Mozambique?
A．To get money by selling ivories.
B．To develop new decorations.
C．To provide food for local people.
D．To make ivory products.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“However, by the time the conflict ended in 1992, about 90 percent of them had been killed for ivories to get money.”可知，然而在1992年内战结束时，有大约90%的大象因象牙被猎杀，从而获得钱。据此可知，人们猎杀大象是为了通过销售象牙来获得钱，故A项正确。
6．Which of the following had the earliest record on tuskless elephants?
A．Gorongosa National Park.
B．South Luangwa National Park.
C．Ruaha National Park.
D．Lupande Game Management Area.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知，在1992年内战结束时，莫桑比克的Gorongosa国家公园有33%的雌象生来无长牙；根据第三段尾句“A 2008 study published in the African Journal of Ecology found that the number of tuskless females at the Ruaha National Park in Tanzania went from 10.5 percent in 1969 to almost 40 percent in 1989, largely due to illegal hunting for ivories.”可知，Ruaha国家公园在1969年有10.5%的无长牙雌象，到1989年时，有大约40%的无长牙雌象；据此可知，Ruaha国家公园是最早记录无长牙雌象的地区，故C项正确。
7．What does the underlined phrase “the trend” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Elephants facing greater danger.
B．Elephants growing more slowly.
C．Fewer female elephants staying alive.
D．More female elephants being tuskless.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据尾段第一句“The recent ban on ivories in both the US and China should help get rid of, or at least reduce, elephant hunting.”可知，最近美国和中国都颁布了象牙禁令，这应该有助于消除或至少减少对大象的猎杀；结合该段第二句“However, scientists are not sure how long it will take for elephants with a higher rate of tuskless females to change the__trend．”可知，科学家们并不确定对拥有较高比例无长牙雌象的大象们来说需要多长时间才能改变这种趋势。据此可推知，画线词指代“更多的雌象无长牙”这一趋势，故D项正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·新疆维吾尔自治区适应性检测)You’re no doubt heard “less is more” over and over again. Less is better because it is good for your bank account and your waistline(腰围). But in some areas of our lives, we can benefit from “more” instead of “less”. 1.________
Give more.
If you see something beautiful in someone, say it. Why are you holding back a compliment, a kind word of encouragement or support or some well­deserved praise? Giving is a gift to the giver and receiver. 2.________ Once you start doing this, people will only want you around more.
Support others more.
Speaking of encouragement, who could use your support right now? 3.________ Someone who is struggling? Reach out! You’ll be glad you did.
4．________
When we push back against things we don’t want(“I can’t believe Catherine copied my clothes again！”), our resistance still holds us close to the thing that hurts us. When we are more accepting of life’s ups and downs, we find peace.
Find more role models.
Who do you want to be like? Find role models who inspire you. Read about them. Buy their books. Dive into online interviews. 5.________
A life of richness can be defined in a million ways. And guess what? It’s waiting for you to live it—as soon as you open yourself up.
A．Accept more.
B．Get mental peace.
C．Do it every single day.
D．A friend who is going through a loss or a big change?
E．Here is how “more” can be a good thing in your life.
F．Let their success be an example of what’s possible for you, too.
G．Maybe someone who is always the support of you when you are in trouble?
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。在我们生活中的一些方面，我们能从“更多”而不是“更少”中受益。
1．E　解析：空处承上启下，空前一句是说在我们生活中的一些方面，我们能从“更多”而不是“更少”中受益，并结合下文列举的例子可知，E项衔接上下文，符合语境，故选E。
2．C　解析：空后一句是说一旦你开始这样做，人们就会想让你更多地陪伴在身边，C项“每天都这样做”符合语境，故选C。
3．D　解析：空前一句是说谈到鼓励，谁可能现在需要你的支持？并结合空后一句可知，D项“一个正经历损失或重大改变的朋友？”符合语境，故选D。
4．A　解析：根据空处所在位置和文章结构可知，空处为段落小标题，该段主要讲的是在生活中我们要接受更多，故选A。
5．F　解析：本段主要讲找到更多的榜样，空前几句是说读有关他们的故事，买关于他们的书，看网上的采访，F项“让他们的成功成为你也可能成功的榜样”符合语境，故选F。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·郑州一中摸底测试) Today I spent time talking to an old friend about some of the 1.____________(choose) that we have made in our lives. We both agree that life has 2.____________(actual) been good to us. And we are very 3.____________(thank) for what we have been blessed with.
Today I would like you to think about your journey and where you see yourself in 4.____________ next five years. Do you see that you have become exactly who you set out to be? I work on my goals because I am excited about that opportunity.
However, I do realize that sometimes life can get 5.____________ the way of our goals. I remember when my friend 6.____________(decide) to buy her first home, she was ready and had everything 7.____________(prepare). But during that time her father died and she had to move home 8.____________(help) take care of her mother. Her goal was delayed, 9.____________ she didn’t give it up completely. And that’s exactly the key to this all. In order to achieve your goals, you have to keep working on 10.____________．
【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了如何坚持目标并将之实现。
1．choices　解析：考查词性转换。由空前的定冠词the可知，此处应用名词形式，且与some呼应可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，故填choices。
2．actually　解析：考查副词。此处在句中作状语，故用副词形式。
3．thankful　解析：考查形容词。根据空前的are可知，空处应用形容词作表语，故填thankful。
4．the　解析：考查冠词。in the next five years“在未来五年里”，为固定用法，故用定冠词the。
5．in　解析：考查介词。get in the way of sth.意为“阻止某事发生”，为固定短语，故用介词in。
6．decided　解析：考查动词的时态。与下文的was呼应可知，此处描述的事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时，故填decided。
7．prepared　解析：考查非谓语动词。“have＋宾语＋宾补”为固定用法，且everything与prepare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“完成或解决某事”，故填prepared。
8．to help　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式表示目的，故填to help。
9．but　解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后句表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。
10．them　解析：考查代词。与上文中的goals呼应可知，此处用代词them作宾语。