考点20 阅读理解-备战2020年中考英语考点一遍过（浙江专版） 试卷

考点二十 阅读理解

记叙文
一、材料特点
人物故事类的阅读理解是中考英语的常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。
1. 人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。
2. 短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
二、解题技巧
1. 阅读人物传记类文章时应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做过什么，然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。
2. 阅读短篇故事类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设身处地地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，这样的话即使是深层理解题也可迎刃而解。
说明文
＂英语说明文＂，顾名思义，就是一种以＂说明、解释＂为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是高考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，便于高校分层次选拔人才。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
说明文阅读理解的特征
一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who → what → when → where → how → why。
1. who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）
2. what：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）
3. when和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）
4. how：通过什么方式表现出来的？
5. why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？
做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。
议论文
议论文往往有观点，有事实，逻辑性强，命题往往从事实的有关细节及文章的主旨或作者的表达意图等方面着手，考查我们的思维能力和判断能力。所以考生要培养根据上下文猜词的能力，或者说根据情境能揣测作者的意图。议论文的阅读同其他体裁文章的阅读理解一样，可以有主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测等几种出题方式。
二、解题方法：
一、重视文章标题，找准全文主题句，把握文章主旨
标题往往是全文的主题，审视标题，有利于理解全文，提高解题效率。主题句对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用。根据主题句既可以知道文章议论的是什么，也可以知道作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。议论文题材偏难，但其框架一般都很清晰，多采用总—分—总的结构，交替使用正面和反面的论证方式。通常，先总说现象或观点；其次，正面陈述、反面论证；最后作者表明自己的态度，再次总结文章。通常主题句会出现在文章的首句或句末，在这些地方要多留意表示归纳的词汇，也可以在具体事例之后或之前的表示观点的陈述句中寻找。
二、细读文章，注意文章细节理解
除主旨题外，细节理解题也是阅读理解题中的基础题，它主要考查学生对文中的具体事例、数字、时间、地点等的理解。经常出现排序题(按事情发展顺序排序)，图表题(按文章内容找出正确图形)，正误题(依据文章内容对所列的陈述进行正误判断) 。对这种题型，无论细节题如何变化形式，立足点都应是从文章中找出相应词句作为依据。虽然答案中有的细节在文中很清楚，但可能与问题无关。细节题的破解一般用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、分析、对比，有根据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。假如问题采用的是反向思维，题中含有not或except等表示否定意义的词，则需要更加留意。此法可以加强阅读的针对性，提高做题的准确率。做此类题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。
三、理解整体语篇，掌握作者意图
做推理判断题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，站在作者的视角，而不是主观臆断、凭空想象，从而走入误区。英语文章讲究使用主题段与主题句，段与段之间通常有过渡性词语连接，承上启下，使文章行文连贯。有时文章还会在时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑推理上运用较高级的手段进行组编。要想准确、深刻地理解文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握全篇的文脉，即句内、句间和段落间的修辞手段或逻辑关系。作者往往在构思语篇前会进行预先设定：读者知道什么，不知道什么，读者可能与自己共同拥有什么样的生活经验、思想见地和需求欲望等，然后设计一些隐藏在语篇深层的＂潜台词＂。因此，这类试题要求考生利用主题句进行推测，揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用背景知识去挖掘文章的深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调。
四、多读多背，扩大词汇量，掌握猜词技巧
由于当今的阅读文章题材广泛，体裁多样，经常出现一词多义，甚至出现没学过的词汇。许多学生感到困扰很大，有的甚至烦躁得难以坚持阅读下去。要解决阅读中的生词问题，一是要扩大英语词汇量，二是要学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，如：利用同义、反义、上义、下义、词的集合、词的搭配等关系；利用照应、替代、省略、定义、举例等情境关系；利用词缀、转化、合成等构词法；利用后置定语或同位语等语法结构；利用前后对比或因果推理法等。
总之，想要提高阅读能力，尤其是对考生来说难度较大的议论文阅读，学生应能从篇章和试题双方面入手。通过观察、体验、探究等积极主动的学习方法，优化阅读理解中议论文的解题思路和方法策略，提高学生自主学习的能力。
应用文
阅读理解之应用文包含广告、招聘、咨询和建议、通知等类型的文章。
满分技巧
解答广告图表类题，要仔细阅读表格中的内容，表格类阅读材料一般都直观地表达出所要传递的信息。考生只要能看懂各个项目的意义，即可找出所设问题的答案。这类材料一般不涉及难度太大的题目。
纵观历年各省市的中考题可以看出广告图表类的文章在阅读理解中占有相当大的比重，一般四篇阅读理解中至少有一篇是广告图表类。广告图表类的文章属于应用文的行列。考生在阅读这类材料时，主要从两方面入手：
一是了解图表的主题，确定图表的主要内容，
二是推敲图画上的文字或数字，找出它们之间的关联或试图表达的含义。

A
In 2010, writer Ding Yan made a decision to leave her hometown in west China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for Dongguan, a manufacturing(制造业) capital in south China’s Guangdong Province. She wanted to experience and write about the lives of the city’s factory girls who keep the production lines(生产线) moving.
For almost a year, Ding worked at two electronics factories and a CD packaging factory. It was a difficult experience for a woman in her forties. Every day, she would put a small notebook and pen into her pocket secretly before starting her work. Much of the book was written during her short toilet breaks at work. From her experiences and the stories of the women she met came a book, Factory Girls, which came out at the end of this April.
Factory Girls describes what life is like on the production line. It describes how the women stand all day, doing the same work. They sometimes chat quietly. One time, Ding was working next to a girl who told her, ＂I really wish the production line could just stop a moment for me to take a breath(呼吸). ＂
Ding said, ＂When I really thought about it, I came to realize that there was no difference between the factory girls and me. Although I don’t work physically as hard as they do to make a living, we are all experiencing the same helpless feeling towards life. The women I met were all very good at their jobs but they didn’t have great passion(热情) for life.＂
1. Writer Ding Yan was born in ______________.
A. Beijing B. Guangdong C. Hainan D. Xinjiang
2. How many factories did Ding work in almost a year?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
3. What does her book Factory Girls describe?
A. Her hometown.
B. The lives of factory girls.
C. Her special life experience.
D. The production lines of the city’s factories.
4. What do we know about the factory girls on the production lines?
A. They are poor.
B. They were born in Dongguan.
C. They can do well in their jobs.
D. They can’t chat with each other at work.
5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Ding Yan is a writer of 30.
B. Ding Yan lived as a factory girl and wrote the book.
C. Much of Ding’s book was written during short toilet breaks at work.
D. Ding Yan thinks there is no difference between the factory girls and her.
B
It was the end of my junior year, the weekend before a dance. I was riding with some friends, and everyone was drinking from a bottle. When the bottle got to me, I drank too. I did not realize that it was the biggest mistake of my life. I had to drive home later that night.
I went back to my car, got in and drove off. When I saw a policeman sitting in the parking lot and his headlights turning on, I knew he was going to follow me. Oh no, that swig!
＂Can I see your license, please, Miss?＂the policeman asked me. I gave it to him. He went back to his car for a while. When he returned, he asked if I had been drinking. ＂No,＂I said. He asked me to walk out of my car.
He told me to do some actions, and I didn’t do them well. Then he asked me to take a breathalyzer（酒精测试器）test. That was where I messed up. I told him I didn’t want to. The officer asked me three more times, and I continued to refuse. He told me to turn around and place my hands behind my back. He arrested me right then and there. I’ll have to take a driving test again.
This was a huge learning experience for me. It opened my eyes to how easy it is to make a stupid decision. I want everyone reading this to know that it’s not right to drink and drive. It isn’t worth losing your license over.
1. What mistake did the writer make?
A. She rode with her friends.
B. She was too young to drink.
C. She drank and then drove a car.
D. She didn’t take her driving license.
2. When did the writer realize her mistake?
A. When she drank from the bottle. B. After she got into her car.
C. As soon as she saw the policeman. D. When the policeman went over to her.
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. She passed the breathalyzer test.
B. She lost her driving license for drinking.
C. She kept silent in front of the policeman.
D. She drove back home as usual that night.
4. What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Don’t drive after drinking.
B. Don’t argue（争论） with a policeman.
C. Everyone has to follow the rules.
D. Be careful while we are driving.

A【2019 • 浙江省宁波市】
Many people might think that if they had more money, then they would be happier in life. For example, people might look at what others have, like expensive clothes or nice cars, and wish they could have the same. But the things that money can buy can not bring happiness to a person for long.
___①____ But is that really true? Studies have found that money can, in fact, make people happier. __②____ Instead, it’s giving money to others that makes people happy. __③___ It could be buying a present for a friend or a family member. ___④___ It could he buying a homeless person food to eat. It could he giving money to a person in need. Just think about the last time you used your own money to do something for someone else. How did you feel? Whether it is a small or large amount of money. People feel happier when they give. This is because making someone else happy makes the giver happy, too.
This idea of connecting your happiness to the happiness of others is described as a ubuntu in an African language. There is even a story about a man visiting Africa who asked some kids to race to a nearby tree. ‘The first child to touch the tree would get a sweet treat. Surprising, all the children held hands and ran together. They all touched the tree at the same time. The man asked why they had done this. ‘The children simply said they could only enjoy eating the treat if everyone had one.
33. The writer says that buying things _________.
A. can make people worried B. can make people nervous
C. may lead to sadness for long D. may lead to happiness for a short time
34. Where can we best put "But its not having money that brings happiness." n Paragraph 2?
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
35. Why does the writer quote(引用) a story in Paragraph 3?
A. To explain Africans like sweets. B. To show examples are not enough-
C. To make the writer’s opinion clearer. D. To express happiness is from children.
36. What does the writer try to tell us?
A. Buying new things can make people happy.
B. The key to happiness is making others happy.
C. If you want to be happy, you can visit Africa.
D. People who have a lot of money might not be happy.
B（2019 • 浙江台州中考）

STUDY HELP
For many tests and exams, you are tested on your abilities to communicate successfully. In order to speak English fluently, you need to think in English. If you don’t, your speech will be slow and it won’t sound natural. Here are some things you can do to.
Look at objects around your home and school, and think of what they are called in English. Try to make a direct connection between the object and the English word.
When you are out in a public place, practice describing the things and people you see in your mind. For example, think, "There is a man walking down the street. He’s wearing a suit. I think he is going to work. "Try to think in English first, not in your first language.
When you have to say something in English, think first and ask yourself" What words and phases do I know in English that I can use in this situation? "Try not to think in your first language and translate your ideas into English. If you do, you will get frustrated very quickly.
Try these tips and you’ ll soon find that you are thinking in English.
31. The passage is most probably written to .
A. students B. teachers C. parents D. reporters
32. The writer gives some advice on how to .
A. greet people in English B. practice thinking in English
C. write an article in English D. improve English listening skills
33. The passage above might be from the column（栏目）in a magazine.
A. News Corner B. Story Garden
C. Language World D. Technology Square
C（2019浙江杭州中考）
Smile Train is a charity (慈善团体) that helps the millions of children around the world, who suffer from a facial defect (缺陷). The defect happens when a baby’s top lip or mouth doesn’t form properly before birth. Eating and drinking is very difficult for these babies. The charity provides free operations, which give these children a new smile, and with it, new hope and a new beginning.
Children with the defect need all the help. Although many sufferers are accepted by their families, sadly, others are not. In some countries, children with this defect are often abandoned at birth because their parents feel ashamed of them or cannot afford the operations. The good news is that the operation is not difficult. It takes less than an hour and costs the family nothing. The charity raises money and finds the right medical volunteers to perform the operations.
A Smile Train doctor from the UK said, “Each child who has the operation is given a second chance at life. After years of staying at home, the children can finally go to school and be happy. Every year I perform hundreds of operations free of cost through Smile Train. Some of the stories I have heard are quite surprising. One newborn baby girl was found abandoned on a train. Luckily for her, she was found and adopted (收养) by a passenger. This lady then heard about Smile Train and brought the baby to our hospital. I did the operation and gave hope to the family. Experienced doctors like me share our skills with local doctors. In this way we make sure that these operations will always be available.”
8. Smile Train is a charity which ______.
A. provides food and medical care for poor children
B. raises money for all the doctors working in the UK
C. offers free medical help to children with the facial defect.
D. gives children without parents new hope and a new beginning.
9. The underlined word “abandoned” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. given up B. dressed up C. called up D. brought up
10. What did the doctor from the UK think of his volunteer work?
A. Dangerous. B. Surprising. C. Relaxing. D. Valuable.
11. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. children with the facial defect are becoming more ashamed than before
B. more doctors are trained to help children with the facial defect
C. fewer baby boys with the facial defect are operated on than girls
D. doctors in Smile Train are always well paid for doing the operations
D（2019浙江金华中考）
It was Day 1 of our vacation on Cortes, a beautiful quiet island. “iPhone, iPhone, iPhone,” my son kept moaning(呻吟). In front of him was a big window of facing the blue ocean. And a cool gentle wind was coming in from the door. Clearly, he saw and felt none of it.
Back at home, I’d soon give up and hand the phone over to him after five minutes of listening to this kind of moaning.
But not here. Before we left, I had told my 10-year-old-old son the rule—no e-mails, no Facebook, no video games, and no iPhone. We came here to get away from them all. Here we were on our first day and already, he couldn’t stand it.
I walked down the grass road to the beach and looked out to the sea. My 6-year-old-old daughter and my husband were drawing on pieces of wood. They were doing just fine.
On Day 2, we spent the whole morning digging for shells(贝壳). This time, my son joined us. He collected shellfish and other sea treasures. When we got back to our little wood house. I gave my son a book, and put him on the lovely garden chair. It almost dinner when he looked up.
The next few days passed in peace.
On Day 6 my son was lying beside me on the beach, watching the sun going down. He was playing with the sand. And there was something shining in his eyes. I realized how time slowed down for both of us. It was exactly what I wanted. Finally, we were able to sit quietly without thinking about screens, phone calls and e-mails.
A week away from all the electronics and life is good.
19. What is the special rule for the writer’s vacation?
A. They couldn’t use their electronics.
B. They must keep quiet and stay in the house.
C. The had to spend their vacation on an island.
D. They should collect as many shells as possible.
20. Which of the following can be put in “__________” in Paragraph 4?
A. I felt really tired and went to bed.
B. I closed the door and stayed with him.
C. I just walked outside to leave him alone.
D. I gave him iPhone and let him stay inside.
21. The change of the son’s feelings can be described as __________.
A. angry→surprised→proud
B. excited→peaceful→bored
C. worried→angry→hopeful
D. bored→peaceful→pleased
22. The best title for the passage can be__________.
A. A Terrible Life on the Island B. A Special iPhone for My Son
C. A Fight between Mother and Son D. A Vacation Away from Electronics
E（2018年浙江宁波市中考）
I graduated from college recently and moved to Washington by myself. While I was in college, it was really easy to meet new people. But "out in the real world", I was finding it really hard. I live in a big city, and it seems like everyone around me is busy or already has all the friends they want. I was feeling so discouraged(沮丧的） and I didn’t know what to do, so I called my sister for some advice.
My sister is five years older than I am, so she’s been through all this already. She’s been helping me with my problems all my life. When I explained my problem, she understood completely. She said, "Why don’t you try meeting people online?"
"Online? Are you kidding?" I asked. "A friend of mine chatted with a guy online, and when she finally met him face to face, he was nothing like what he said."
My sister laughed. "You don’t have to look for dates online," she said. "But you can find other people like you—people who have just moved to town and want to make some new friends. When I first moved to New York after college, I found a book club and a football team online. I met a lot of people that way."
"But you don’t even like football!" I said.
"I know," she replied. "But that didn’t matter. I still bad a lot of fun. You played volleyball in college. Why don’t you look for a volleyball team to join? Or an art class?"
"Yeah! I saw a website about volunteering the other day." I said. "I could volunteer for an organization here in Washington. I bet I could meet a lot of really nice people that way."
"Good idea!" my sister answered excitedly. "Hey, you might even meet the perfect guy."
"OK, now you’re starting to sound like Mom," I said. "Thanks a lot for the advice. I’m going online right now. I’ll let you know what happens. Will you be home tonight?"
"No, but I’ll be here all day tomorrow, so give me a call," my sister replied. "Good luck!"
19. What was the writer’s problem?
A. She was cheated by her friend online.
B. She was refused by a volleyball team.
C. She couldn’t meet people in her new city.
D. She felt discouraged in her college.
20. The writer’s sister .
A. lives in the same city as the writer
B. doesn’t have any advice for the writer
C. had the same problem when she finished college
D. didn’t go to college, but understands the writer’s problem
21. The writer is probably going to .
A. become a member of a football team
B. look for dates online
C. join a book club like her sister did
D. volunteer for an organization
22. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. Looking for Fun Online
B. Volunteering in a New City
C. Chatting with Friends Online
D. Making Friends in a New City
F
（2018　•　四川广安市中考）Different weather makes people feel different. It influences health, intelligence(智力) and feelings.
In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March.
The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a scientific report, IQ(智商) of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% below. The wind can help people have more intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand(另一方面), can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August).
Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18 ℃, people become stronger.
Low air pressure(气压) may make people forgetful People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low-pressure days. There is a "good weather" for health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃.
Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem.
31. What kind of weather can have a bad effect(影响) on health?
A. Hot and wet weather. B. Good weather.
C. Warm weather. D. High intelligence.
32. When may people have more intelligence?
A. When a rain comes. B. When very hot weather comes.
C. When a strong wind comes. D. When low air pressure comes.
33. How may low air pressure make people feel?
A. Forgetful. B. Sad. C. Angry. D. Tired.
34. What will happen to people in "good weather" of 18℃?
A. People are very forgetful. B. People can’t do their work well.
C. Thin people feel cold. D. People are in better health.
35. What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Hot and cold weather influences all people in the same way.
B. Weather influences people’s lives.
C. IQ never changes during weather changes.
D. There is a good kind of weather for people’s work and health.
G
（2018 • 江苏省宿迁市中考）When you travel in England you can’t miss the visit to Windsor Castle, the family home to British kings and queens for over 1,000 year.
Opening Times at Windsor Castle:
The castle opening hours
◆1 Mar 2018-31 Oct 2018(Monday-Sunday 09: 30-17: 15)
◆1 Nov 2018-28 Feb 2019(Monday-Sunday 09: 45-16: 15)
Prices
Adult ticket:￡21.20
Family ticket(2 adults &3 children between 5 and 17 years old ): ￡54.70
Senior/ College student ticket: ￡19.30
Under 17 years old /Disabled ticket: ￡12. 30
Castle Closing Dates
The castle will be closed on the following dates
◆17&l8Jun20l8
◆12Oct2018
Top tips:
◆Buy your ticket on the Internet before you arrive to save some time.
◆If you want to see the Changing of the Guard ceremony, get to the Castle grounds at 11: 00. During the summer it happens every day, if the weather is good.
31. When does the castle close on October 1, 2018?
A. A:09:30 B. A:17:15 C. A:09:45 D. A:l6:15
32. They should pay at least ________ if Mr and Mrs Green bring their three children(all between 5 and 17 years old)to visit the castle.
A. ￡79.30 B. ￡67 C. ￡57.40 D. ￡54.70
33. The Changing of the Guard Ceremony might not take place in summer if ________.
A. the weather is bad B. the castle is being repaired
C. there are no visitors D. the queen doesn’t live there
H
（2017﹒浙江嘉兴）Kathy could still remember the night she had to leave her home in Hungary. It was the beginning of World War II and her family had to leave their country as soon as possible. She quickly filled a bag with a few pieces of clothing, her diary, and her treasure—a beautiful silk scarf.
Kathy and her best friend, Monica, had asked their parents to buy them matching scarves. They each would wear the scarves as a symbol of their friendship. Kathy had no idea that she was going to America that night and would not be returning.
Kathy kept that special silk scarf for many years. One day she decided to give it to her granddaughter, Eliza, to wear to her first job interview for good luck. Kathy was afraid that Eliza would lose the scarf, but the granddaughter promised, ＂Don’t worry, Grandma, nothing’s going to happen to your scarf. You’ll see. It is going to bring both of us luck today.＂ And with that, Eliza kissed her grandmother and left for the interview.
That afternoon Eliza left the interview, feeling sure that she had got the job. So she decided to celebrate by going to a restaurant. As she was sitting at her table, she felt someone looking at her. Sitting next to her was an old woman, who could not take her eyes away from her.
＂I’m sorry, do I know you?＂ Eliza asked.
＂I’m sorry, dear, but you make me think of someone I once knew,＂ the old woman replied. ＂My best friend looked like you and used to wear a scarf just like the one you’re wearing around your neck.＂ Eliza listened carefully, with her eyes and mouth wide open. She had heard stories of her grandmother’s best friend and knew the meaning of the scarf. Could this be Monica, her grandmother’s childhood friend?
Eliza introduced herself and waited to hear the name of the other woman.
＂My name’s Monica, dear. I lived in Hungary as a child, but my family had to leave when I was fourteen years old. I’ve been living here in California ever since.＂ said the old woman.
Eliza could not believe her ears …
42. Kathy and her family left their country because _______.
A. Kathy found a job in the USA B. Kathy would study in California
C. they had no friends in Europe D. they wanted to get away from the war
43. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6, we can infer(推断) that Eliza felt _______.
A. surprised B. thankful C. sorry D. nervous
44. What would Eliza most probably do after the dinner?
A. She gave the silk scarf to Monica.
B. She went for another job interview.
C. She showed Monica around California.
D. She took Monica to meet her grandmother.
45. The best title for this passage can be _______.
A. A Gift from Parents B. A Scarf of Luck
C. A Successful Interview D. A Story in the War

A
（广东省深圳市耀华实验学校2018届九年级上学期期中）In their last moment before the flight took off, I heard a father saying to his daughter, ＂I love you, I wish you enough.＂ The daughter said, ＂Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your love is all I ever needed. I wish you enough too.＂ They kissed goodbye and the daughter left. I could see the father was very sad.
Suddenly the father walked towards me and asked me, ＂Did you ever say goodbye to someone knowing it would be the last time?＂
His words made me think of my father. Realizing that my father’s days were limited(有限的), I took the time to tell him face to face how much he meant to me. So I understood what this father was experiencing.
＂Yes, I did.＂ I answered, ＂But why is this a last goodbye?＂
＂I am old and my daughter lives much too far away. Maybe her next trip back will be for my funeral,＂ he said.
＂When you were saying goodbye, I heard you say ‘I wish you enough’. What does that mean?＂
He began to smile. ＂My parents used to say it to me. When we say ‘I wish you enough’, we want the other person to have a life filled with enough good things.＂ He stopped for a moment and continued, ＂I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough rain to appreciate the sun more. I wish you enough happiness to keep your spirit alive. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life seem much bigger… I wish you enough ‘Hellos’ to get you through the final ‘Goodbye’＂.
He then said goodbye to me and walked away.
1. Where did the story happen?
A. In a hospital. B. At an airport. C. At a train station. D. In a park.
2. In the passage, ＂I wish you enough＂ means that we wish _______.
A. the other person as many good things as possible B. each other a good life
C. the other person as much sunshine as possible D. it enough rain
3. Which is NOT mentioned according to the passage?
A. The father’s parents used to say ＂I wish you enough＂.
B. The writer was the father’s friend.
C. The father was sad when his daughter left.
D. The father wished his daughter to live a happy life.
4. According to the passage, why must we be wished enough pain?
A. Because no pain, no gain.
B. Because we can keep our spirit alive.
C. Because the tiny happiness makes us feel like the great joys.
D. Because the pleasures and pains in life are necessary.
B
When Jason’s parents saw him for the first time, they were shocked. This lovely little baby with shining blue eyes and curly hair was born disabled. Jason’s arms are just half without hands and his legs aren’t fully grown either. But soon the young couple accepted this fact. They even forgot to think of him as disabled.
At the age of six, he told his mother he wanted to get down from the prosthetics (假肢) and play with other kids. This was the last time Jason had worn them. He now has an electric wheelchair, but he never uses it at home or when it is easy for him to move using only his body.
Jason learned handwriting and coloring at school, holding the pen between the ends of his arms. He also learned to eat with forks at home. When he was ten, he fell in love with football. He never had a pair of shoes in his life because of the shape of his feet. He only wore socks on the football field. He never won a match, but he refused to give up. His strong arms and body, as well as some fantastic ways made him a respected player on the school team. He went to a famous university after high school.
Now Jason still faces many hardships in life, but he will make you believe that you can do what he has done.
＂Never be afraid of any difficulty＂, Jason often encourages others in his speeches.
1. Why were Jason’s parents shocked when they saw him for the first time?
A. Because he was born disabled. B. Because he had big hands.
C. Because his hair was curly. D. Because he wanted to go to college.
2. What does the underlined word ＂hardships＂ mean in this passage?
A. 成就 B. 贫穷 C. 困难 D. 战船
3. From the passage, we learn the following about Jason EXCEPT ______.
A. he only uses his electric wheelchair at home
B. he only wore socks while playing football
C. he is never afraid of any difficulty in life
D. he often encourages others in his speeches.
4. What is the best title (标题) of this passage?
A. Disabled but still able
B. Playing football brings good luck
C. Never wear prosthetics even disabled
D. The importance of encouragement
C
Once upon a time, there was a spider with the name Anansi. He knew that he was very clever but he also knew he wasn’t wise. He didn’t like this, but he did not know what to do. One day he had an idea. He went around the village with a basket and asked people to give him some of their wisdom. Each person put a bit in his basket and wished him good luck.
Soon his basket was full, but Anansi was worried that his neighbors might be jealous (嫉妒) of his wisdom and take it from him. He decided to hide it at the top of a tall tree. When he had tied the basket to the front part of his body, he tried to climb the tree, but it was too difficult. He tried again and again without success.
Then his youngest son walked by. ＂What are you doing, father?＂ he asked and Anansi told him. ＂Why don’t you carry the basket on your back instead?＂ his son said.
Anansi put the basket on his back and climbed the tree easily, but he wasn’t happy. ＂I walked all over the village and collected so much wisdom that I am the wisest person ever, but my baby son is still wiser than me. Take back your wisdom!＂ he said. And he threw the basket of wisdom into the air and went home. And that’s how wisdom went all over the world.
1. Anansi went around the village because__________.
A. he knew he was very clever
B. he wanted to show his good luck
C. he hoped to meet his son
D. he wanted to ask people for wisdom
2. Anansi wanted to get his wisdom from____________.
A. his son B. his father C. the villagers D. the neighbors
3. The underlined word ＂it＂ in Paragraph 2 refers to (指的是)________ .
A. the tree B. the basket C. the luck D. the wisdom
4. The passage above is _____________.
A. a report B. a story C. an advertisement D. a diary
5. The best title for the passage would be ＂___________＂.
A. Anansi’s wisdom B. The wisdom of Anansi’s son
C. Anansi and his son D. Anansi and the villagers
D（浙江省温州市2019届九年级下学期第一次学业调研）
Before you read this story, let’s take a look at a sentence inChinese:“研表究明，汉字序顺并不定一影阅响读。”Did you notice that some of the characters in this sentence are in the wrong order’? You might not realize it, but your brain can read and understand most sentences, even when the words are in the wrong order.This may have something to do with psychology, according to Chen Qingrong from Nanjing Normal University.When we’re first learning how to read, we read word by word, But after we become more experienced, we read in full phrases and even sentences. People can read five to six words at one time, Chen told the Yangtse Evening Post Also, as experienced readers, we take the things we’re familiar with for granted. We don’t pay as much attention to small details, such as word order.
Therefore, when we read the sentence at the beginning of this article, the content was familiar to us. So we read it the way we think it should be in our memory, with all the words in the right order. This is like when we see a person with long hair we assume* the person is a girl withouttaking a closer look, according to Chen.
This can be also seen in many other languages, such as English. Read the following sentence: "This is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef. but the word as a wlohe."
It is believed that humans remember the meanings of words mostly by their shape and layout, rather than the order of the letters, Matt Davis of Cambridge University told the Independent.
However, we cannot read scrambled* sentences as quickly and efficiently as we read the normal text, according to Daily Telegraph.
1. According to the passage, if the words in a sentence are in the wrong order, we may ___________.
A. correct them immediately B. not notice the wrong order
C. not understand the sentence D. have to ask others for help
2. According to Chen Qingrong, word order doesn’t affect experienced readers because ___________.
A. they read sentences word by word B. they understand the content easily
C. they pay lots of attention to small details D. they read several words together at a time
3. The example of "a person with long hair" shows that we always ___________ while reading.
A. pay more attention to details B. take a close look at the sentences
C. read according to our experience D. read familiar contents more slowly
4. Paragraph 6 is written to ___________.
A. explain why people can understand scrambled sentences
B. give suggestions on how to remember the meanings of words
C. tell us that humans care more about the shape and layout of words
D. stress that it’s necessary to know the order of the letters in a sentence
E（浙江省杭州市清河中学2019届九年级中考模拟）
Not long ago, people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life.
Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other caregiver. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other human beings.
One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a pregnant (怀孕) woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. On the day the baby was born, the researchers tried to find if he knew the sounds of the story repeated while in his mother. They did this by placing a device (装置) in the mouth of the newborn baby.
The baby would hear the story if he moved his mouth one way. If the baby moved his mouth the other way, he would hear a different story. The researchers say the baby clearly liked the story he heard before he was born. They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again and again.
Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children.
Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. The researchers tried to measure the sensitivity (敏感度) of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children’s activities and did not interfere (干涉) unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old. Also, the researchers observed the women for signs of depression (抑郁).
The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear.
These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people. The researchers noted that the sensitivity of the mothers was important to the intelligence development of their children. Children did better when their mothers were caring, even when they suffered from depression.
5. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the factor that influences intelligence development in babies?
A. Their peers (同龄人). B. The environment.
C. Mother’s sensitivity. D. Education before birth.
6. What is the purpose of the experiment in which newborn babies heard the stories?
A. To prove that babies can learn before they are born.
B. To prove that babies can learn on the first day they are born.
C. To show that early education has a deep effect on the babies’ language skills.
D. To show mothers can strongly influence intelligence development in their babies.
7. Which group of children did the worst in tests of language skills?
A. Children with high communication abilities.
B. The children of depressed but caring mothers.
C. The children of women who did not suffer from depression.
D. The children of depressed mothers who cared little for their children.
8. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Scientific findings about how babies develop before birth.
B. Scientific findings about how intelligence develops in babies.
C. Scientific findings about how the stories have effects on babies’ intelligence.
D. A study shows babies are not able to learn things until they are five or six months old.

跟踪训练
A
【文章大意】文章介绍了作家丁岩为了写书，到工厂第一线工作，体验工厂女工的生活。
1. D 【解析】根据In 2010, writer Ding Yan made a decision to leave her hometown in west China’s Xinjiang...可知选D。
2. B 【解析】根据For almost a year, Ding worked at two electronics factories and a CD packaging factory.可知在一年之内，她在三家工厂工作过。故选B。
3. B 【解析】根据Factory Girls describes what life is like on the production line.可知这本书主要描写工厂女工的生活，故选B。
4. C 【解析】根据The women I met were all very good at their jobs but they didn’t have great passion (热情) for life. ＂可知在生产线上的女工的工作都做得很好，故选C。
5. A 【解析】根据Much of the book was written during her short toilet breaks at work.和I came to realize that there was no difference between the factory girls and me.可知选A。
B
【文章大意】本文作者讲述了自己酒后驾车的一次经历，驾照被吊销，告诫人们酒后不要驾车。
1. C 【解析】根据第一段中的When the bottle got to me, I drank too. I did not realize that it was the biggest mistake of my life. I had to drive home later that night.可知，作者犯了酒后驾车的错误。故选：C。
2. C 【解析】根据第二段可知，作者一看到警察，意识到了自己的错误。故选：C。
3. B 【解析】根据第四段中的I’ll have to take a driving test again.可知，作者又要参加驾驶考试了，说明失去了驾照。故选：B。
4. A 【解析】根据最后一段可知，本文作者主要想告诉人们：酒后不该驾车。故选：A。
真题再现
A
【文章大意】很多人都觉得如果他们有更多的钱，他们就会更快乐。是的，钱的确能使我们更快乐，但不是有钱能让我们快乐，而是给予别人钱能让我们快乐。人们在奉献的时候会更快乐，这是因为让别人快乐，同时也会使自己快乐。
33. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段最后一句话But the things that money can buy can not bring happiness to a person for long可知，用钱买东西不能长时间给我们带来快乐。由此可知应选D。
34. B【解析】推理判断题。题干中这句话But its not having money that brings happiness.意为：但是不是拥有钱带来快乐。根据上下文的逻辑关系可知，Studies have found that money can, in fact, make people happier. 提到：事实上，钱使人们更开心；后面又提到Instead, it’s giving money to others that makes people happy是给别人钱使人们开心。故这句话应放在②处，能使上下文意衔接，故选B。
35. C【解析】推理判断题。这篇短文是议论文，讲述了真正让人们快乐的不是有钱，而是用钱来使别人快乐。第二段的最后提到 This is because making someone else happy makes the giver happy, too.＂让别人快乐也会让给予者快乐＂。为了使读者更好地理解这一点，作者讲了下面的故事。因此C选项＂使作者的观点更清楚＂是正确的。
36. B【解析】主旨大意题。这是一篇议论文，作者先讲述了用钱买东西并不能长久地使人们快乐，然后引出作者的观点This is because making someone else happy makes the giver happy, too.＂使别人快乐也会让给予者快乐＂。故B选项＂快乐的关键是使别人快乐＂，符合文章大意和主旨，故应选B。
B
【文章大意】文章介绍了如何用英语思考的一些建议。
31. A【解析】细节推理题。根据For many tests and exams， you are tested on your abilities to communicate successfully在许多测试和考试中，你都要测试自己的沟通能力. 可知是写给学生的. 故选A.
32. B【解析】细节理解题. 根据 Here are some things you can do to practice thinking in English. 下面是一些你可以用英语练习思考的事情. 可知是用英语练习思维的建议. 故选B.
33. C【解析】细节推理题. 根据Try not to think in your first language and translate your ideas into English.  不要用你的母语思考，把你的想法翻译成英语. 可知是关于语言的. 故选C.

C
【文章大意】这篇短文给我们介绍了一个慈善团体——微笑列车，这个组织是帮助全世界那些患有面部缺陷的儿童的，给他们提供手术，给这些孩子新的微笑、新的希望、新的开始。
8. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一句话和最后一句话Smile Train is a charity (慈善团体) that helps the millions of children around the world, who suffer from a facial defect (缺陷). ..The charity provides free operations, which give these children a new smile, and with it, new hope and a new beginning.可知，微笑列车是一个慈善团体，它帮助全世界那些患有面部缺陷的儿童，为他们提供手术。由此可知应选C。
9. A【解析】词义猜测题。根据单词所在的句子In some countries, children with this defect are often abandoned at birth because their parents feel ashamed of them or cannot afford the operations.可知，因为父母为这样的孩子感到羞耻或者不能提供手术的费用，这些孩子经常在出生时就被遗弃。given up放弃；dressed up盛装打扮；called up打电话；brought up抚养，提出。根据文章的语境分析可知应选A。
10. D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中这个医生所说的话Each child who has the operation is given a second chance at life. After years of staying at home, the children can finally go to school and be happy…I did the operation and gave hope to the family可知，他通过微笑列车做了几百个手术，给了这些孩子第二次生命，让这些孩子快乐的生活，给他们的家人带来了希望。由此可知推测，他觉得自己的这份工作是非常有价值的。Dangerous危险的；Surprising令人吃惊的；Relaxing令人放松的；Valuable有价值的。故应选D。
11. B【解析】推理判断题。根据短文的最后Experienced doctors like me share our skills with local doctors. In this way we make sure that these operations will always be available.可知，经验丰富的医生与当地的医生分享技术，确保手术的成功，由此可知B选项“更多的医生被训练去帮助有面部缺陷的孩子们”符合文意，故选B。
D
【文章大意】本文主要讲了作者带着家人去度假，过了一周远离电子产品的生活。
19. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的信息Before we left, I had told my 10-year-old-old son the rule—no e-mails, no Facebook, no video games, and no iPhone. We came here to get away from them all.在我们离开之前，我告诉我10岁的儿子规则——不能发电子邮件，不能上Facebook，不能玩视频游戏，也不要用iPhone。我们来这里就是为了远离它们。可知规则的不能使用电子产品，故答案选A。
20. C【解析】内容理解题。根据下文I walked down the grass road to the beach and looked out to the sea. 我沿着草地路走到海边，眺望着大海；联系上文儿子无法忍受没有电子产品的生活，可知此处可以填我走到外面让他自己一个人静一静，结合选项可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。
21. D【解析】内容理解题。根据文中的信息Here we were on our first day and already, he couldn’t stand it.我们第一天来到这里，他已经受不了了；The next few days passed in peace. 接下来的几天过得很平静；On Day 6, my son was lying beside me on the beach, watching the sun going down. He was playing with the sand. And there was something shining in his eyes.在第六天，我的儿子躺在我旁边的沙滩上，看着太阳下山。他在玩沙子，他的眼里闪着光芒。A week away from all the electronics and life is good.一个星期远离所有的电子产品，生活是美好的。可知儿子的感情变化是从无聊到平和，最后到高兴、喜欢，结合选项可知D选项符合题意，故答案选D。
22. D【解析】标题归纳题。根据文中的信息A week away from all the electronics and life is good. 一个星期远离所有的电子产品，生活是美好的。结合文章内容，本文主要讲了作者带着家人去度假，过了一周远离电子产品的生活，可知D选项一个远离电子产品的假期更符合题意，故答案选D。
E
【文章大意】这篇文章讲了“我”毕业后的一个实际问题——无法在新城市结识朋友，“我”向姐姐求助，姐姐为我提出了十分实用可行的建议。
19. C【解析】句意：作者的问题是什么？A. 她在网上被她的朋友骗了。B. 她被排球队拒绝了。C. 她无法在新的城市遇见他人。D. 她在大学时感到气馁。原文“But "out in the real world", I was finding it really hard.”（但“在现实世界中”，我发现它很难。），这里的“it”指“meet new people”，遇见新的人，这是作者的问题所在。故选C。
20. C【解析】句意：这位作家的姐姐大学毕业时也遇到同样的问题。文章中很大篇幅都在讲姐姐给我的建议，原文“When I first moved to New York after college”说明姐姐上过大学，选项D不正确。原文“so she’s been through all this already.”和“she understood completely”说明姐姐也经过这些，十分理解，故选C。
21. D【解析】句意：作家可能会去为一个组织提供志愿服务。A. 成为一个足球队的成员B. 在网上寻找约会C. 像她姐姐一样加入一家书店D. 为一个组织提供志愿服务。原文“I could volunteer for an organization here in Washington.”（我可以在华盛顿为这里的一个组织做志愿者。），故选D。
22. D【解析】句意：这篇文章最佳标题是什么？A. 在网上寻找乐趣B. 在新城市进行志愿服务C. 在线与朋友聊天D. 在新城市中交朋友。这篇文章始于“我”的困惑（在新城市里谁也不认识），姐姐为“我”提出了建议，建议我参加俱乐部或者集体组织，找到有共同爱好的人，就能有新朋友了。所以文章的最佳标题就是“在新城市中交朋友”。故选D。
F
【文章大意】本文主要讲了不同的天气让人感觉与众不同，并从具体几个方面做出了介绍，讲天气是如何影响人的健康、智力和感受的。
31. A【解析】句意：什么样的天气对健康有不良影响？A.天气炎热潮湿。B. 好天气。C.温暖的天气。D.高智商。原文＂In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month.＂（8月份，美国南部地区炎热潮湿。在这个月里，那里的人有心脏病和其他类型的健康问题。），说明天气炎热潮湿是会给健康带来不利影响的，故选A。
32. C【解析】句意：人们何时可以拥有更多智力？A.下雨的时候。B.天气很热的时候。C.当强风来临时。D.气压低时。原文＂For example, in a scientific report, IQ (智商) of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came,＂（例如，在一份科学报告中，一群学生的IQ在强风吹来时非常高），所以强风来临人们拥有更多智力，故选C。
33. A【解析】句意：低气压让人感觉怎么样？A.健忘的。B.悲伤的。C.生气的。D.累的。原文＂Low air pressure (气压) may make people forgetful＂（低气压可能会让人健忘），故选A。
34. D【解析】句意：在18℃的＂好天气＂中会发生什么？A.人们非常健忘。B.人们不能很好地开展工作。C.瘦人感到冷。D.人们身体健康。原文＂There is a "good weather" for health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃.＂（对于健康来说存在一种＂好天气＂，人们在温度约为18℃时感觉最好），所以18度的时候人们更会身体健康。故选D。
35. B 【解析】句意：作者想告诉我们什么？A. 冷热天气以同样的方式影响所有人。B. 天气影响人们的生活。C.在天气变化时，智商永远不会改变。D. 对于人们的工作和健康，存在一种好的天气。这篇文章的主题是在讨论＂Different weather makes people feel different.＂（不同的天气让人感觉不同。），并从具体几个方面做出了介绍，讲天气是如何影响人的健康、智力和感受的，故选B。
G
【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了作者的叔叔在登山时，当作者抱怨时向他的背包中放入石头，当作者有积极的想法时取出石头，使作者认识到消极的思想越多，心理负担就越重。
26. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据who is a geologist (地质学家) and loves to collect stones.可知作者的叔叔是一个地质学家，并且喜欢收集石头。故选B。
27. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据To our surprise, he also took some stones out from them. But we thought he had just found better stones.可知他们认为叔叔找到了更好的石头，才从背包中取出一些。故选B。
28. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂I didn’t. You did.＂ he said. ＂You didn’t know it, but I gave you a little attitude(态度) test today. I listened to every word you said. Whenever you were complaining (抱怨) , I added a stone to your backpacks. whenever you talked about something with positive (积极的) thinking, I took out a stone. And now look at your backpacks.＂及Our backpacks were full of stones.可知作者抱怨太多，故选A。
29. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据Your negative( 消极的) thoughts are just like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpacks.你的消极思想就像石头，你在心里携带着它们就像你携带背包里的石头。可知them指代上文中的代表消极思想，故选D。
30. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据短文最后一段可知作者从此认识到积极态度对生活的重要性。故选B。
H
【文章大意】这份广告公示了温莎城堡的开放时间、门票价格和关闭日期，还有一些温馨提示。
31. B【解析】题意：2018年10月1日城堡什么时间关门？考查细节理解题。根据The castle opening hours ◆1 Mar 2018-31 Oct 2018(Monday-Sunday 09: 30-17: 15)，可知09: 30开放，17: 15关闭；故选B。
32. D 【解析】题意：如果格林夫妇带着他们的三个孩子（都在5到17岁之间）去参观城堡，他们至少应该_______ 钱。考查细节理解和数字计算题。根据公示的价格Prices Adult ticket: ￡21.20 Family ticket(2 adults &3 children between 5 and 17 years old ): ￡54.70 可知他们一家可以购买Family ticket，故选D。
33. A【解析】题意：如果天气不好，换岗仪式可能不会在夏天举行。考查细节理解题。根据During the summer it happens every day, if the weather is good.，可知天气不好的话就不会换岗，故选A。
模拟检测
A
【文章大意】短文讲述的是＂我＂在机场的一次感人经历。即将分手的父女俩在机场互相祝福对方＂I wish you enough.＂，然后伤心地离别，这让我很好奇，＂父亲＂向＂我＂解释了＂I wish you enough.＂的动人意义：当我们说＂I wish you enough.＂的时候，我们希望另一个人有足够多的好东西。
1. B 【解析】题意：故事发生在什么地方？考查细节理解。根据短文的开头In their last moment before the flight took off, I heard a father saying to his daughter可知故事发生在机场，故选B。
2. A 【解析】题意：在文章中，＂I wish you enough.＂意味着我们希望_______。考查细节理解。A. the other person as many good things as possible别人有更多的好东西；B. each other a good life彼此好好生活；C. the other person as much sunshine as possible另一个人有尽可能多的阳光；D. it enough rain它有足够的雨水。根据文中的父亲对＂我＂说的话When we say ‘I wish you enough’, we want the other person to have a life filled with enough good things.，可知是希望另一个人有足够多的好东西，故选A。
3. B 【解析】题意：根据短文，没有提到哪一点？考查细节理解。A. The father’s parents used to say ＂I wish you enough＂. 这位父亲的父母常说：＂I wish you enough.＂，根据My parents used to say it to me.可知说法正确。B. The writer was the father’s friend.作者是这位父亲的朋友，文中没有提及，故说法错误。C. The father was sad when his daughter left. 当女儿离开时，父亲很伤心，根据They kissed goodbye and the daughter left. I could see the father was very sad.可知说法正确。D. The father wished his daughter to live a happy life. 父亲希望女儿过上幸福的生活，根据＂I love you, I wish you enough.以及父亲对＂I wish you enough.＂的解释可知说法正确。综合以上分析，可知选B。
4. C 【解析】题意：根据这段话，为什么我们一定要有足够的痛苦？考查细节理解。A. Because no pain, no gain. 因为没有痛苦，就没有收获。B. Because we can keep our spirit alive. 因为我们可以让我们的精神保持活力。C. Because the tiny happiness makes us feel like the great joys. 因为微小的幸福让我们感觉像是巨大的欢乐。D. Because the pleasures and pains in life are necessary. 因为生活中的快乐和痛苦是必要的。根据I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life seem much bigger…，可知它能使生活中最小的快乐显得更大，故选C。
B
【文章大意】这是一篇励志小故事，介绍了天生残疾的杰森如何顽强地克服一个个困难成为受人尊敬的球员，并最终考上大学的故事，赞扬了他是一位身残志坚、有能力证明自己价值的人。
1. A 【解析】题意：为什么杰森的父母第一次见到他时会感到震惊？细节理解题。根据短文的第二句This lovely little baby with shining blue eyes and curly hair was born disabled.，可知孩子天生残疾，故选A。
2. C 【解析】题意：这篇文章中的画线词＂hardships＂是什么意思？词义猜测题。根据句意和语境，结合下文杰森演讲时鼓励别人的话Never be afraid of any difficulty，可知选C。
3. A 【解析】题意：从这篇文章中，我们知道下面的除了______都是关于杰森的。细节理解题。A. he only uses his electric wheelchair at home他只在家里使用电动轮椅。B. he only wore socks while playing football他踢足球时只穿袜子。C. he is never afraid of any difficulty in life他从不害怕生活中的任何困难。D. he often encourages others in his speeches. 他经常在演讲中鼓励别人。根据第二段的最后一句He now has an electric wheelchair, but he never uses it at home，可知杰森从来没有在家里使用电动轮椅，故选A。
4. A 【解析】题意：这篇文章最好的题目是什么？主旨大意题。根据短文内容，介绍的是天生残疾的杰森如何顽强地克服一个个困难成为受人尊敬的球员，并最终考上大学的故事，可知他是一位虽然身体有缺陷但依然有能力证明自己价值的人，故选A。
C
【文章大意】本文讲述了名叫Anansi的蜘蛛从村民那里收集了很多智慧，放在一个篮子里，当他想要把这篮子智慧藏到树上时，发现很难上树。他的儿子让他背着篮子上去，他原以为自己最聪明，但是他的儿子仍然比他聪明。于是，他把一篮子智慧扔在空中，这样智慧到了世界各地。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据He went around the village with a basket and asked people to give him some of their wisdom.可知Anansi去村里是为了让人们给他一些智慧，故选D。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据He went around the village with a basket and asked people to give him some of their wisdom.可知Anansi想从村民那里获得智慧，故选C。
3. D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据Soon his basket was full, but Anansi was worried that his neighbors might be jealous (嫉妒) of his wisdom and take it from him.可知他担心他的邻居会妒忌他的智慧，拿走它，故此处的it指的是wisdom。故选D。
4. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文中讲述了一个蜘蛛收集智慧，藏智慧，然后扔了智慧的故事，故选B。
5. A 【解析】标题归纳题。本文讲述了一个名叫Anansi的蜘蛛收集智慧，藏智慧，然后扔了智慧的故事，故选A。
D
【文章大意】本文主要讲述即使在文字顺序错误的情况下，我们也能阅读和理解句子及文章架构。
1. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Did you notice that some of the characters in this sentence are in the wrong order’? You might not realize it, but your brain can read and understand most sentences, even when the words are in the wrong order. 你注意到这句话中的某些字符的顺序不对吗？你可能没有意识到，但是你的大脑可以阅读和理解大多数句子，即使这些单词的顺序是错误的。和句子We don’t pay as much attention to small details, such as word order. 我们不太关注小细节，比如单词顺序。可知，如果一句话中的单词顺序不对，我们可以不要注意错误的顺序。故本题选B。
2. B【解析】推理判断题。根据Chen told the Yangtse Evening Post Also, as experienced readers, we take the things we’re familiar with for granted. We don’t pay as much attention to small details, such as word order. 作为有经验的读者，我们把熟悉的东西视为理所当然。我们不太关注小细节，比如单词顺序。可以推知词序不会影响有经验的读者，因为他们很容易理解内容。故选B。
3. C【解析】细节理解题。根据This is like when we see a person with long hair we assume the person is a girl without taking a closer look, according to Chen. 陈说，这就像当我们看到一个长头发的人时，在没有仔细观察的情况下，我们就判断这个人是一个女孩。可知，“一个长发的人”的例子表明，我们在阅读时总是根据我们的经验阅读。故选C。
4. B【解析】细节理解题。根据句子It is believed that humans remember the meanings of words mostly by their shape and layout, rather than the order of the letters, Matt Davis of Cambridge University told the Independent. 剑桥大学的马特·戴维斯告诉《独立报》，人们认为人类记忆单词的意义主要是根据单词的形状和布局，而不是字母的顺序。然后用句子This is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef. but the word as a wlohe. 作为一个引用，所以第6段旨在告诉我们对如何记住单词的含义提出建议。故选B。
E
【文章大意】过去人们认为婴儿直到五、六个月的时候才能学会东西，而美国的医生说婴儿从出生的第一天就开始学习了，有的科学家认为甚至更早。这篇短文中给我们介绍了关于婴儿智力发展的一些科学发现。
5. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文中Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment、one study shows that babies can learn before they are born、Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children可知，环境、出生前的教育以及母亲对婴儿智力的发展有影响，故B、C和D都符合文意，应选A。
6. A【解析】细节理解题。短文第二段的中心句是one study shows that babies can learn before they are born，一项研究表明婴儿在出生之前就会学习。接下来在这一段中详细介绍了这个新生儿听故事的实验，目的就是证明这个主题，故应选A。
7. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文中The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear以及Children did better when their mothers were caring ,even when they suffered from depression可知，抑郁且又不关心孩子，这样的女性的孩子在语言技能上表现不佳。由此可知应选D。
8. B【解析】主旨大意题。根据短文中Yet doctors in the united states say babies begin learning on their first day of life . Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment…one study shows that babies can learn before they are born…Another study shows how mothers can strongly influnce social development and language skills in their children可知，这篇短文介绍的是有关婴儿智力发展的一些科学发现。故应选B。