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河北省沧州市任丘市第一中学2020届高三第三次模拟（四）考试英语试卷
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英 语 （四）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
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4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
From my hotel room window, I see an oversized billboard with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician.
I absent-mindedly turn the pages of the phone book and come across a city map. Sipping my iced latté, I run my fingers along the streets from the hotel to the opera hall. Not more than a half-hour walk.
I glance at the clock. The show starts in one hour. Plenty of time! I gulp(大口吞咽) the last three sips of my latté and hop in the shower. Soon I’m on my way to the show, carrying a fancy black handbag and a genuine smile.
The billboard looks even more impressive from outside. The Great Jason’s eyes seem to be glancing through me. I shiver and walk faster. I feel like a child about to open her birthday presents.
The hall is dark when I come in; the show is about to begin. I make my way backstage just as the great magician puts on his top hat.
‘‘Daddy, I’m so glad to see you,” I say in a half-whisper. ‘‘I’m in town for the writer’s workshop, but I just couldn’t miss your show.” I give him a quick hug and go back into the seating area, leaving him with a startled smile. I settle down in the darkness, and the curtains open.
Magically, that show remains the Great Jason’s best performance to this day.
21. The underlined sentence indicates the writer is .
A. embarrassed and hesitant B. brave and determined
C. nervous and excited D. surprised and frightened
22. Why was the writer in town?
A. To go to the workshop. B. To visit the magician.
C. To enjoy the performance. D. To help people in need.
23. Who is Jason?
A. The person the writer will work with. B. The father of the writer.
C. The greatest performer ever. D. The unknown magician.
B
When she was studying to become a scientist, Megan Strauss rode in a small airplane to study giraffes. While a pilot flew over the Serengeti in Tanzania, Africa, the researchers looked down carefully and counted giraffes.
“I am always amazed how easily we can spot warthogs(疣猪) and other small animals, yet we sometimes have trouble seeing giraffes. Giraffes are slender in shape, and they may not throw a good shadow,” says Dr. Strauss, who has since become a wildlife scientist.
The Serengeti is about the size of Vermont, a state in the northeastern US, so the scientists could not study the entire area. Instead, they surveyed three areas where giraffes were studied in the 1970s. As they expected, they saw far fewer of these animals.
To find out if lions had been killing more giraffes in recent years, the team looked at the survival of young giraffes. Lions kill more young giraffes than adults, but the team found no decrease in young giraffes’ survival after they are born, compared with the 1970s.
The team then looked at whether too many giraffes were being killed by parasites(寄生虫). The researchers counted parasite eggs in giraffe droppings, and they found too few to harm the giraffe population.
They looked into whether poachers(盗猎者) were killing too many giraffes. Two of the areas they studied are where giraffe meat is sometimes sold in local markets. Poachers catch more adult males than other giraffes. Researchers spotted too few males compared with females in those two areas, a sign of poaching.
When the food supply is short, the environment supports fewer giraffes and the females have fewer young giraffes. A lot of new trees have grown in the Serengeti, but many are a type that giraffes do not like to eat. The researchers found fewer young giraffes today than in the 1970s compared with the number of adult females, a sign that food was in short supply.
Dr. Strauss is working on an environmental education program for Tanzania including books for students. These materials will educate Tanzanians and help them to help giraffes. As knowledge grows and changes are made, they hope the giraffe population will increase.
24. What did Dr. Strauss find while studying giraffes in the Serengeti?
A. It was too costly to study giraffes.
B. It was hard to spot giraffes from the air.
C. The number of giraffes had increased slowly.
D. Giraffes lived in smaller areas than in the 1970s.
25. How did the team study the lion-giraffe relationship?
A. By analyzing giraffe droppings.
B. By comparing young giraffes with adults.
C. By comparing male giraffes and females.
D. By surveying the survival of young giraffes.
26. What is Dr. Strauss doing to help giraffes?
A. She is founding a national park in Tanzania.
B. She is counting giraffes in the entire Serengeti.
C. She is educating students to write about giraffes.
D. She is raising environmental awareness in local people.
C
Wood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material. It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable. The one thing it is not, is transparent(透明的). Now thanks to a team of scientists at Stockholm’s KTH Royal Institute of Technology, the material may even be able to add that feature to its already impressive list.
Lead researcher Dr. Lars Berglund said he was inspired to create the transparent wood after learning how Japanese researchers had developed a see-through paper for use in flexible display screens for electronic devices. The team began by pulling out the wood’s lignin(木质素). The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer(聚合物) and baked at a temperature of 158℉ for four hours. The result was a hybrid product that was not only stronger and lighter than the original wood but also, almost transparent. The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the polymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood.
While scientists have previously created a see-through wood for small-scale applications like computer chips, the transparent wood is the first one being considered for large scale applications. The researchers, who revealed their findings in Biomacromolecules on April 11, picture using the transparent wood in buildings to allow for more natural light, or to create windows that let in the desired amount of light without sacrificing privacy.
Wood that allows light to pass through could lead to a brighter future for homes and buildings. Berglund also thinks the wood could play a significant role in the design of solar panels. The semi-transparent material would be able to keep light longer and give it more time to interact with the conductor, thus resulting in better solar efficiency. Additionally, substituting the currently used glass with this new product would help solar energy manufacturers improve their carbon footprint and lower the cost. They are now experimenting with ways to scale up the manufacturing process so that the transparent material is cost-effective to make and easy to use.
27. What does the underlined part “that feature” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Cheapness. B. Durability. C. Sustainability. D. Transparency.
28. Which of the following is not the process in which the transparent wood is made?
A. Dip the wood into a polymer.
B. Reduce the amount of the polymer.
C. Make the wood lignin-free.
D. Bake the wood for some time.
29. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. Berglund got the idea of transparent wood while making paper.
B. Varying the amount of the polymer changes the wood’s hardness.
C. The cost of making the transparent wood still needs to be cut down.
D. The transparent wood would be used only for homes and buildings.
30. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The bright future of the transparent wood.
B. The wood’s role in the design of solar panels.
C. The disadvantages of the currently used glass.
D. Solar energy manufacturers’ carbon footprint.
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Switching from childhood to adulthood can be challenging. 31. Work on not acting like a child by managing your emotions. With a little bit of practice, you will begin to see yourself acting more like an adult than a child.
● Accept responsibility for your actions.
You should take responsibility for your actions, whether they are intentional(故意的) or unintentional. 32. Failing to accept responsibility may seem like a good idea at the time, but in the long term it will not benefit you. For example, if you accidentally back into your neighbor’s car, let them know by writing them a note or knocking on their door. Then, correct your mistake by paying for the damage.
● Show people respect.
Respect your partner, family members, friends, and strangers. 33. As you grow up and mature, you should understand the concept of respect and why it is important. Giving respect will also give you more respect in return.
● Develop a way to handle conflict maturely.
When you are faced with a conflict, it is important to keep your emotions in check. Control your anger and avoid becoming aggressive. 34. Give yourself time to cool down if you are really angry. This will prevent you from saying and doing things that you shouldn’t do in the heat of the moment.
● Receive feedback(反馈) positively.
People learn and grow by receiving feedback and criticism from others. You should accept that you don’t know everything and that feedback from an expert is not meant to hurt you. It is meant to help you. For example, thoroughly read through your edits on your research paper. 35.
A. Take on adult responsibilities.
B. Often times, you may still feel like a child.
C. Children are often selfish and disrespectful.
D. It is a sign of maturity and respect for others.
E. These edits will help improve your writing in the future.
F. This can help you get higher marks in many of your subjects.
G. Take a deep breath, listen, and work through the conflict with the other individual.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，共30分）
A couple in ordinary clothes walked into the Harvard’s outer office. “We want to see the president,” the man said softly. “He will be busy all day,” the secretary spoke 36 , concluding that the couple had no 37 with Harvard from what they wore. “We’ll 38 ,” the lady replied.
Four hours, the secretary 39 them, hoping that the couple would finally become 40 and go away. They didn’t. And the secretary grew 41 and finally decided to disturb the president. Someone of his 42 obviously had no time to spend with nobodies, but he 43 people in such clothes filling in his outer office.
The president, frozen-faced, walked 44 toward the couple. The lady told him, “We had a son that 45 Harvard for one year. He loved Harvard and was very happy here. But he was accidentally 46 . And my husband and I would like to 47 a memorial(纪念物) to him somewhere on campus.” The president wasn’t 48 ; he was shocked, “Madam,” he said 49 . “We can’t put up a statue for every person who studied in Harvard and died.”
“Oh, no.” the lady 50 quickly, “In fact, we thought we would give a building to Harvard.” The president 51 at the couple and then shouted, “A building! Do you know how much a building costs? The cost of the Harvard’s buildings is over 7.5 million dollars.”
For a moment the lady was 52 . The president was pleased. He could 53 them now. The lady turned to her husband and said quietly. “Is that all it costs to 54 a university?” Her husband nodded. Mr. and Mrs. Leland Stanford walked away, traveling to Palo Alto, California, where they established the university 55 after them—a memorial to a son.
36. A. impatiently B. excitedly C. enthusiastically D. awkwardly
37. A. concern B. problem C. interest D. business
38. A. wait B. accuse C. explain D. oppose
39. A. persuaded B. drove C. ignored D. served
40. A. satisfied B. shameful C. nervous D. discouraged
41. A. embarrassed B. grateful C. annoyed D. panic
42. A. importance B. action C. character D. age
43. A. invited B. observed C. thanked D. hated
44. A. cheerfully B. hopefully C. proudly D. eagerly
45. A. affected B. attended C. applied D. abandoned
46. A. killed B. dismissed C. disabled D. forgotten
47. A. keep B. buy C. build D. leave
48. A. disappointed B. sensitive C. touched D. deserved
49. A. curiously B. delightedly C. sadly D. coldly
50. A. explained B. apologized C. changed D. argued
51. A. smiled B. glanced C. pointed D. laughed
52. A. desperate B. amazed C. ambitious D. silent
53. A. help out B. attract to C. get rid of D. put up
54. A. buy B. start C. access D. develop
55. A. named B. looking C. followed D. taking
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Alibaba Group’s communication app DingTalk or DingDing, 56. (original) designed for China’s white collar workers, adapted to the virus outbreak by offering the service to help educate primary and middle school 57. (teenager). More than 12 million students from around 20000 schools across China are now taking online courses via DingTalk. The sudden increase in demand last Monday even led 58. a temporary destruction of the software, 59. service was restored to its full by noon.
Last Sunday, in the Apple store for Chinese mainland users, the average rating for DingTalk was 2.5 stars out of 5. Days before that its rating 60. (drop) to as low as 1.3.
The primary reason was unexpected: Pupils. For some pupils they could have enjoyed an 61. (extend) holiday but have now narrowly missed that. DingTalk, as well as Tencent Meeting, 62. (be) among the apps used in live-streaming classes and that’s why they got the low ratings.
“Thank you DingTalk. You made me see teachers on holiday again,” was one comment along with 63. 1-star rating.
“I’ll give you a five-star rating. Here is the 64. (one) of the five.” is another.
Recently, a funny 65. (apologize) cartoon video has been released by Ding Talk to re-win its clients’ support. Here it comes!
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作(共15分)
假设你是李华，你在美国的朋友Jack正在学习中文，他给你写信询问中文中的四字成语，请给Jack写一封回信，介绍一个中文中的四字成语。
注意：1. 词数不少于100；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
词汇：four-word Chinese idiom
Dear Jack,
I admire your passion for the Chinese language and I’m more than happy to give you some help. ____
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 概要写作（共25分）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Nowadays, it is most probable that you have an electronic device loaded with hundreds or even thousands of your favourite songs. At any moment in time, you can fill your headphones with the sounds of a particular song that suits your mood at that exact time.
Music is so common. But have you realized the power of it? Are you getting ready for a big soccer match or do you need to get excited? Maybe some hip hop with a strong beat will do the trick! Besides, you might be ready to study for a big exam the next day. To help you study better, a little bit of Mozart might make you remember things better.
We may all have been moved by particular songs that spoke to us in some situations. But is there any scientific evidence showing that music really has such effect on people? Of course, there is! Scientists have long recognized the power of music. Over the years, many studies have been done to examine in greater depth the nature and extent of the effects music has on people.
For example, scientists at the University of Missouri have found that listening to music can have positive effects on your mood. Their research gives scientific credibility(可靠性) to the behavior that many people have already experienced on their own: listening to upbeat music can brighten your day and boost your mood.
Other studies have shown that upbeat music isn’t the only type of music that can be helpful, however. When people are sad or have suffered a personal loss, sad music can be helpful because the tone and lyrics of the music can resonate(引起共鸣) with the listeners. Likewise, people under a lot of stress or experiencing upsetting situations can benefit from listening to angry music. Although angry music might not help you if you’re in a normal mood, its tone can benefit you when you are dealing with stressful and upsetting situations.
英 语 （四）答 案
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【答案】21-23 CAB
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者观看父亲表演魔术的故事。
21. 推理判断题。根据第四段的“The Great Jason’s eyes seem to be glancing through me. I shiver and walk faster. I feel like a child about to open her birthday presents.” (Jason似乎看了我一眼，我浑身发抖，走得更快了。我感觉就像一个即将打开生日礼物的孩子)可猜测，作者当时很紧张，但又有点兴奋。C 项(既紧张又兴奋)符合以上说法，故选C项。
22. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“I’m in town for the writer’s workshop”可知，作者是来参加作家研讨会的。A项(为了参加作家研讨会)符合以上说法，故选A项。
23. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Daddy, I’m so glad to see you”可知，Jason是作者的父亲。B.项(作者的父亲)符合以上说法，故选B项。
B
【答案】24-26 BDD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究人员通过研究调查年轻长颈鹿的存活情况，发现长颈鹿的数量在减少，并发现偷猎和缺乏食物是长颈鹿数量减少的原因。
24. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“I am always amazed how easily we can spot warthogs(疣猪) and other small animals, yet we sometimes have trouble seeing giraffes. Giraffes are slender in shape, and they may not throw a good shadow.” (我很吃惊我们能很容易地发现疣猪和其他小动物，但有时我们却很难看到长颈鹿。长颈鹿是苗条身材，他们可能不会投下大片影子。)可知，要在空中发现长颈鹿很难，因为它们可能不会有大片阴影。B. It was hard to spot giraffes from the air.(在空中很难看到长颈鹿)符合以上说法，故选B项。
25. 推理判断题。根据第四段的“To find out if lions had been killing more giraffes in recent years, the team looked at the survival of young giraffes. Lions kill more young giraffes than adults, but the team found no decrease in young giraffes’ survival after they are born, compared with the 1970s.” (为了查明近年来狮子是否猎杀了更多的长颈鹿，研究小组观察了幼长颈鹿的存活情况。狮子杀死的幼长颈鹿比成年长颈鹿多，但研究小组发现，与上世纪70年代相比，幼长颈鹿出生后的存活率并没有下降)可知，研究人员是通过研究调查幼长颈鹿的存活情况，来研究狮子和长颈鹿的关系的。D. By surveying the survival of young giraffes.(通过研究年轻长颈鹿的存活情况)符合以上说法，故选D项。
26. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Dr. Strauss is working on an environmental education program for Tanzania including books for students. These materials will educate Tanzanians and help them to help giraffes. As knowledge grows and changes are made, they hope the giraffe population will increase.” (Dr. Strauss 正在为坦桑尼亚开展一个环境教育项目，其中包括为学生提供书籍。这些材料将教育坦桑尼亚人并帮助他们帮助长颈鹿。随着知识的增长和变化，他们希望长颈鹿的数量会增加)可知，Dr. Strauss 通过引起当地人的环保意识来帮助长颈鹿。D. She is raising environmental awareness in local people.(她正在提高当地人的环保意识)符合以上说法，故选D项。
C
【答案】27-30 DBCA
【解析】这是一篇说明文。科学家们研究出了一种透明木头。文章介绍了制造这种木头的过程以及这种木头的特点和未来的应用。
28．词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable. The one thing it is not, is transparent(透明的).”可知，木头便宜、耐用、容易获得，最重要的是可循环利用。但是它不是透明的。而最后一句提到：由于科学家的努力，已经将“那个特点”添加到已有的特点单子里了。根据这个语境可以推知，科学家们把木头变成透明的了。“透明”也成为了它的一个特点。故选D项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer(聚合物) and baked at a temperature of 158℉ for four hours”可知，制造透明木头的过程之一是：将无木质素的木材浸泡在聚合物中，在158华氏度的温度下烘烤4小时。因此B选项提到的“减少聚合物的量”和原文不符。故B选项切题。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They are now experimenting with ways to scale up the manufacturing process so that the transparent material is cost-effective to make and easy to use”可知，现在，他们正在尝试提高制造工艺，使得透明材料制造起来更加合算，易于使用。由此推知，现在制造透明木头的成本仍然很高，需要降低成本。故C选项正确。
31．主旨大意题。最后一段介绍了透明木头将来在住宅、建筑物、太阳能电池板、环保等方面的应用。由此可知，最后一段主要介绍了透明木头的光明未来。故A选项正确。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
【答案】31-35 BDCGE
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是从童年到成年如何转变的建议。
31. 根据上文“Switching from childhood to adulthood can be challenging.”(从童年到成年的转变是很有挑战性的。)及下文“Work on not acting like a child by managing your emotions.”(学会控制自己的情绪，不要表现得像个孩子。)空处表示成长为一个成年人是不容易的事情，B项 (通常，你可能仍然觉得自己像个孩子。)承上启下。故选B。
32. 根据上文“You should take responsibility for your actions, whether they are intentional(故意的) or unintentional.”(无论你的行为是有意的还是无意的，你都应该对自己的行为负责。)，D项(这是成熟和尊重他人的标志)是对上文内容的进一步说明。故选D。
33. 根据上文“Respect your partner, family members, friends, and strangers.”(尊重你的伴侣、家人、朋友和陌生人。)及下文“As you grow up and mature, you should understand the concept of respect and why it is important.”(随着你的成长和成熟，你应该理解尊重的概念和它为什么重要)，空处的关键词应包含respect。故C项 (孩子们常常自私无礼，不尊重别人。)承上启下。故选C。
34. 根据上文“When you are faced with a conflict, it is important to keep your emotions in check. Control your anger and avoid becoming aggressive.”(当你面临冲突时，控制自己的情绪是很重要的。控制你的愤怒，避免变得咄咄逼人。)，再根据后文的“cool down”可知，是让自己平静的方法，故G项 (深呼吸、倾听、解决与他人的冲突)承上启下，故选G。
35. 根据上文“For example, thoroughly read through your edits on your research paper.”(例如，通读你对研究论文的修改。)，故E项 (这些修改将有助于你今后的写作。)是对上文的进一步说明。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，共30分）
【答案】36-40 ADACD 41-45 CADCB 46-50 ACCDA 51-55 BDCBA
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对穿戴破旧的夫妇到哈佛大学见校长而遭冷遇，进而自己建立一所新大学——斯坦福大学的故事。
36. 考查副词词义辨析。A. impatiently没有耐心地；B. excitedly激动地；C. enthusiastically热情地；D. awkwardly尴尬地。根据“He will be busy all day”可知，秘书不耐烦地说。故选A。
37. 考查名词词义辨析。A. concern关心；B. problem问题；C. interest兴趣；D. business事务。have business with与……有关。从他们的穿着来看，秘书断定这对夫妇与哈佛无关。故选D。
38. 考查动词词义辨析。A. wait等待；B. accuse指责；C. explain解释；D. oppose反对。根据下文“Four hours, the secretary ____39____ them”可知，“我们会等的”，女士回答。故选A。
39. 考查动词词义辨析。A. persuaded说服；B. drove迫使；C. ignored忽视；D. served服务。4个小时，秘书都没有理他们。故选C。
40. 考查形容词（副词）词义辨析。A. satisfied满意的；B. shameful羞愧的；C. nervous紧张的；D. discouraged泄气的。希望这对夫妇最终会灰心丧气并离开。故选D。
41. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. grateful感激的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. panic惊慌的。根据“and finally decided to disturb the president.”可知，秘书越来越生气，最后决定去找校长。故选C。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。A. importance重要性；B. action行动；C. character角色；D. age年纪。像他这样重要的人显然没有时间和无名小卒呆在一起。故选A。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。A. invited邀请；B. observed观察；C. thanked感谢；D. hated讨厌。但他讨厌穿这种衣服的人到他的办公室来。故选D。
44. 考查副词词义辨析。A. cheerfully高高兴兴地；B. hopefully怀有希望的；C. proudly骄傲的；D. eagerly急切的。校长面带冷色，骄傲地向这对夫妇走去。故选C。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。A. affected影响；B. attended参加，上学；C. applied 申请，应用；D. abandoned抛弃。根据“He loved Harvard and was very happy here.”可知，我们有个儿子在哈佛上了一年学。故选B。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。A. killed杀死；B. dismissed开除；C. disabled使... ...失去能力；D. forgotten忘记。根据“And my husband and I would like to ___47___ a memorial(纪念物) to him somewhere on campus.”可知，但儿子却意外身亡。故选A。
47. 考查动词词义辨析。A. keep保存；B. buy买；C. build建；D. leave离开。我的丈夫和我想在校园里建一个纪念碑。故选C。
48. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. disappointed失望的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. touched感动的；D. deserved应得的。校长没有感动，他很震惊。故选C。
49. 考查副词词义辨析。A. curiously好奇地；B. delightedly高兴地；C. sadly难过地；D. coldly冷淡地。根据“We can’t put up a statue for every person who studied in Harvard and died.” 我们不能为每一个在哈佛学习并去世的人树立一座雕像。故选D。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。A. explained解释；B. apologized道歉；C. changed改变；D. argued争论。这位女士很快解释道：“事实上，我们想给哈佛建一栋楼。”故选A。
51. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. smiled微笑；B. glanced一瞥；C. pointed指着；D. laughed大笑。校长瞥了一眼两人。故选B。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。A. desperate绝望的；B. amazed吃惊的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文妻子轻声询问丈夫“这是开办一所大学所需的全部费用吗？”可推知那位女士先沉默了一会儿。故选D。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。A. help帮助；B. attract吸引；C. get rid of摆脱；D. put up搭建。根据“The president was pleased.”可知，他现在可以摆脱他们了。故选C。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。A. buy买；B. start开始；C. access进入；D. develop发展。这就是开办一所大学的全部费用吗?故选B。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。A. named命名；B. looking看；C. followed跟随；D. taking拿走。在那里他们建立了以他们名字命名的大学——以纪念儿子。故选A。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】
56. originally
57. teenagers
58. to
59. whose
60. dropped/had dropped
61. extended
62. is
63. a
64. first
65. apology
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。阿里巴巴集团的通讯应用程序DingTalk在病毒爆发以来为中国约2万所学校的1200万学生提供在线课程服务。学生本可以享受更长的假期，但因为在线课程却不能了，因此直播课程中使用的DingTalk还有Tencent Meeting获得了较低的评分。就此Ding Talk发布了一个有趣的道歉卡通视频，以赢得其客户的支持。
56. 考查副词。副词修饰过去分词designed作状语。original意为“最初的”，它的副词是originally。故填originally。
57. 考查名词的数。teenager意为“青少年”，是可数名词，在句子中是泛指，应使用复数。故填teenagers。
58. 考查固定短语。句意：上周一需求的突然增加甚至导致了软件一度出现问题，它的服务已在中午恢复。lead to是固定短语，意为“导致”。故填to。
59. 考查定语从句。句意：上周一需求的突然增加甚至导致了软件一度出现问题，它的服务已在中午恢复。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面是非限制性定语从句，先行词是“software”，whose引导定语从句并在从句中作“service”的定语。故填whose。
60. 考查时态。句意：在此之前的几天，它的评分下降至1.3。此处可以表示“过去发生的事情”，应使用一般过去时；由“before that”可知，此处还可以表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时had dropped。故填dropped/had dropped。
61. 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于某些学生来说，他们本可以享受延长的假期，但现在不能了。extend是动词，在这里修饰“holiday”作定语，“holiday”承受“extend”的动作，因此应使用过去分词作定语。故填extended。
62. 考查主谓一致。句意：DingTalk和Tencent Meeting属于直播课程中使用的软件，这就是为什么它们获得较低评分的原因。as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的使用要看距离谓语动词远的那个主语，且句子表示的是一般事实，应使用一般现在时。故填is。
63. 考查冠词。句意：“谢谢你，DingTalk。你让我在假期又见到了老师”，这是一个一星评分的评论。此处表示泛指，意为“一个”一星级的评分，“1-star”的第一个发音为辅音音素，故使用不定冠词a。故填a。
64. 考查序数词。句意：“我会给你一个五星好评，分五次还清。”是另外一个对DingTalk的评价。该评论是对DingTalk的调侃，即把五星好评分成五次一星的评价，这是第一次进行评论，应使用序数词first。故填first。
65. 考查名词。句意：最近，Ding Talk发布了一个有趣的道歉卡通视频，以再次赢得其客户的支持。形容词funny修饰名词作定语，apologize是动词，它的名词是apology。故填apology。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作(共15分)
【答案】
Dear Jack,
I admire your passion for the Chinese language and I’m more than happy to give you some help. Here is a popular four-word Chinese idiom which I think you might be interested in. It is called Shou Zhu Dai Tu which literally means to wait for a rabbit by a stump.
It is used to describe someone who is lazy and doesn’t want to work, so he sits around and waits for something good to happen. The idiom originated from the story of a farmer who witnessed a rabbit bump into a tree stump and die. This gave him the idea of waiting near the tree stump for more rabbits to kill themselves that way, so that he would be able to collect the rabbits and not have to work. The farmer waited for a long time but such a coincidence did not occur again. In the end he was ridiculed by everyone because it was such a foolish idea that it would never have worked.
My teachers often use this idiom to encourage students to put their best efforts into studying. I think it is equal to expressions like ‘‘there’s no such thing as a free lunch.” The lesson behind this idiom is—if we really long for something, we have to strive for it.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给朋友Jack写信，给他介绍一个四字成语。
体裁：应用文；时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主；结构：总分总 。要求：1.介绍一个四字成语；2.和相关成语的故事
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
introduce sth. to sb./ mean to do sth./ stand for/ encourage sb. to do sth./ have an influence on
第三步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）
表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…
状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…
定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…
第四步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）
范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：Here is a popular four-word Chinese idiom which I think you might be interested in.（which引导定语从句）；The lesson behind this idiom is—if we really long for something, we have to strive for it.（if引导条件状语从句）。这些从句的使用给文章增色添彩。
第二节 概要写作（共25分）
【答案】
Nowadays, with modern devices, music to your taste is easily accessible. (要点一) Yet, is power, which might benefit you, is not fully realized. (要点二) Scientists have researched into the nature and extent of music’s effects on humans. (要点三) For instance, scientists at the University of Missouri have proven upbeat music can cheer you up. (要点四) Besides, sad music and angry music have also been found to be helpful. (要点五)
【解析】根据第一段中“Nowadays, it is most probable that you have an electronic device loaded with hundreds or even thousands of your favourite songs.” （如今，你很可能有一个电子设备，里面装着数百甚至数千首你最喜欢的歌曲）。第二段第一句“Music is so common.” （音乐是如此普遍）。第三段最后一句“Over the years, many studies have been done to examine in greater depth the nature and extent of the effects music has on people.” （多年来，人们做了许多研究来更深入地研究音乐对人们的影响的性质和程度）。第四段是举例说明“For example, scientists at the University of Missouri have found that listening to music can have positive effects on your mood.” （例如，密苏里大学的科学家发现，听音乐可以对你的情绪产生积极的影响）。最后一段第一句“Likewise, people under a lot of stress or experiencing upsetting situations can benefit from listening to angry music.”（同样，人们在压力很大或经历令人沮丧的情况下也可以从听愤怒的音乐中受益。
英 语 （四）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
From my hotel room window, I see an oversized billboard with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician.
I absent-mindedly turn the pages of the phone book and come across a city map. Sipping my iced latté, I run my fingers along the streets from the hotel to the opera hall. Not more than a half-hour walk.
I glance at the clock. The show starts in one hour. Plenty of time! I gulp(大口吞咽) the last three sips of my latté and hop in the shower. Soon I’m on my way to the show, carrying a fancy black handbag and a genuine smile.
The billboard looks even more impressive from outside. The Great Jason’s eyes seem to be glancing through me. I shiver and walk faster. I feel like a child about to open her birthday presents.
The hall is dark when I come in; the show is about to begin. I make my way backstage just as the great magician puts on his top hat.
‘‘Daddy, I’m so glad to see you,” I say in a half-whisper. ‘‘I’m in town for the writer’s workshop, but I just couldn’t miss your show.” I give him a quick hug and go back into the seating area, leaving him with a startled smile. I settle down in the darkness, and the curtains open.
Magically, that show remains the Great Jason’s best performance to this day.
21. The underlined sentence indicates the writer is .
A. embarrassed and hesitant B. brave and determined
C. nervous and excited D. surprised and frightened
22. Why was the writer in town?
A. To go to the workshop. B. To visit the magician.
C. To enjoy the performance. D. To help people in need.
23. Who is Jason?
A. The person the writer will work with. B. The father of the writer.
C. The greatest performer ever. D. The unknown magician.
B
When she was studying to become a scientist, Megan Strauss rode in a small airplane to study giraffes. While a pilot flew over the Serengeti in Tanzania, Africa, the researchers looked down carefully and counted giraffes.
“I am always amazed how easily we can spot warthogs(疣猪) and other small animals, yet we sometimes have trouble seeing giraffes. Giraffes are slender in shape, and they may not throw a good shadow,” says Dr. Strauss, who has since become a wildlife scientist.
The Serengeti is about the size of Vermont, a state in the northeastern US, so the scientists could not study the entire area. Instead, they surveyed three areas where giraffes were studied in the 1970s. As they expected, they saw far fewer of these animals.
To find out if lions had been killing more giraffes in recent years, the team looked at the survival of young giraffes. Lions kill more young giraffes than adults, but the team found no decrease in young giraffes’ survival after they are born, compared with the 1970s.
The team then looked at whether too many giraffes were being killed by parasites(寄生虫). The researchers counted parasite eggs in giraffe droppings, and they found too few to harm the giraffe population.
They looked into whether poachers(盗猎者) were killing too many giraffes. Two of the areas they studied are where giraffe meat is sometimes sold in local markets. Poachers catch more adult males than other giraffes. Researchers spotted too few males compared with females in those two areas, a sign of poaching.
When the food supply is short, the environment supports fewer giraffes and the females have fewer young giraffes. A lot of new trees have grown in the Serengeti, but many are a type that giraffes do not like to eat. The researchers found fewer young giraffes today than in the 1970s compared with the number of adult females, a sign that food was in short supply.
Dr. Strauss is working on an environmental education program for Tanzania including books for students. These materials will educate Tanzanians and help them to help giraffes. As knowledge grows and changes are made, they hope the giraffe population will increase.
24. What did Dr. Strauss find while studying giraffes in the Serengeti?
A. It was too costly to study giraffes.
B. It was hard to spot giraffes from the air.
C. The number of giraffes had increased slowly.
D. Giraffes lived in smaller areas than in the 1970s.
25. How did the team study the lion-giraffe relationship?
A. By analyzing giraffe droppings.
B. By comparing young giraffes with adults.
C. By comparing male giraffes and females.
D. By surveying the survival of young giraffes.
26. What is Dr. Strauss doing to help giraffes?
A. She is founding a national park in Tanzania.
B. She is counting giraffes in the entire Serengeti.
C. She is educating students to write about giraffes.
D. She is raising environmental awareness in local people.
C
Wood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material. It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable. The one thing it is not, is transparent(透明的). Now thanks to a team of scientists at Stockholm’s KTH Royal Institute of Technology, the material may even be able to add that feature to its already impressive list.
Lead researcher Dr. Lars Berglund said he was inspired to create the transparent wood after learning how Japanese researchers had developed a see-through paper for use in flexible display screens for electronic devices. The team began by pulling out the wood’s lignin(木质素). The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer(聚合物) and baked at a temperature of 158℉ for four hours. The result was a hybrid product that was not only stronger and lighter than the original wood but also, almost transparent. The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the polymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood.
While scientists have previously created a see-through wood for small-scale applications like computer chips, the transparent wood is the first one being considered for large scale applications. The researchers, who revealed their findings in Biomacromolecules on April 11, picture using the transparent wood in buildings to allow for more natural light, or to create windows that let in the desired amount of light without sacrificing privacy.
Wood that allows light to pass through could lead to a brighter future for homes and buildings. Berglund also thinks the wood could play a significant role in the design of solar panels. The semi-transparent material would be able to keep light longer and give it more time to interact with the conductor, thus resulting in better solar efficiency. Additionally, substituting the currently used glass with this new product would help solar energy manufacturers improve their carbon footprint and lower the cost. They are now experimenting with ways to scale up the manufacturing process so that the transparent material is cost-effective to make and easy to use.
27. What does the underlined part “that feature” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Cheapness. B. Durability. C. Sustainability. D. Transparency.
28. Which of the following is not the process in which the transparent wood is made?
A. Dip the wood into a polymer.
B. Reduce the amount of the polymer.
C. Make the wood lignin-free.
D. Bake the wood for some time.
29. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. Berglund got the idea of transparent wood while making paper.
B. Varying the amount of the polymer changes the wood’s hardness.
C. The cost of making the transparent wood still needs to be cut down.
D. The transparent wood would be used only for homes and buildings.
30. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The bright future of the transparent wood.
B. The wood’s role in the design of solar panels.
C. The disadvantages of the currently used glass.
D. Solar energy manufacturers’ carbon footprint.
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Switching from childhood to adulthood can be challenging. 31. Work on not acting like a child by managing your emotions. With a little bit of practice, you will begin to see yourself acting more like an adult than a child.
● Accept responsibility for your actions.
You should take responsibility for your actions, whether they are intentional(故意的) or unintentional. 32. Failing to accept responsibility may seem like a good idea at the time, but in the long term it will not benefit you. For example, if you accidentally back into your neighbor’s car, let them know by writing them a note or knocking on their door. Then, correct your mistake by paying for the damage.
● Show people respect.
Respect your partner, family members, friends, and strangers. 33. As you grow up and mature, you should understand the concept of respect and why it is important. Giving respect will also give you more respect in return.
● Develop a way to handle conflict maturely.
When you are faced with a conflict, it is important to keep your emotions in check. Control your anger and avoid becoming aggressive. 34. Give yourself time to cool down if you are really angry. This will prevent you from saying and doing things that you shouldn’t do in the heat of the moment.
● Receive feedback(反馈) positively.
People learn and grow by receiving feedback and criticism from others. You should accept that you don’t know everything and that feedback from an expert is not meant to hurt you. It is meant to help you. For example, thoroughly read through your edits on your research paper. 35.
A. Take on adult responsibilities.
B. Often times, you may still feel like a child.
C. Children are often selfish and disrespectful.
D. It is a sign of maturity and respect for others.
E. These edits will help improve your writing in the future.
F. This can help you get higher marks in many of your subjects.
G. Take a deep breath, listen, and work through the conflict with the other individual.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，共30分）
A couple in ordinary clothes walked into the Harvard’s outer office. “We want to see the president,” the man said softly. “He will be busy all day,” the secretary spoke 36 , concluding that the couple had no 37 with Harvard from what they wore. “We’ll 38 ,” the lady replied.
Four hours, the secretary 39 them, hoping that the couple would finally become 40 and go away. They didn’t. And the secretary grew 41 and finally decided to disturb the president. Someone of his 42 obviously had no time to spend with nobodies, but he 43 people in such clothes filling in his outer office.
The president, frozen-faced, walked 44 toward the couple. The lady told him, “We had a son that 45 Harvard for one year. He loved Harvard and was very happy here. But he was accidentally 46 . And my husband and I would like to 47 a memorial(纪念物) to him somewhere on campus.” The president wasn’t 48 ; he was shocked, “Madam,” he said 49 . “We can’t put up a statue for every person who studied in Harvard and died.”
“Oh, no.” the lady 50 quickly, “In fact, we thought we would give a building to Harvard.” The president 51 at the couple and then shouted, “A building! Do you know how much a building costs? The cost of the Harvard’s buildings is over 7.5 million dollars.”
For a moment the lady was 52 . The president was pleased. He could 53 them now. The lady turned to her husband and said quietly. “Is that all it costs to 54 a university?” Her husband nodded. Mr. and Mrs. Leland Stanford walked away, traveling to Palo Alto, California, where they established the university 55 after them—a memorial to a son.
36. A. impatiently B. excitedly C. enthusiastically D. awkwardly
37. A. concern B. problem C. interest D. business
38. A. wait B. accuse C. explain D. oppose
39. A. persuaded B. drove C. ignored D. served
40. A. satisfied B. shameful C. nervous D. discouraged
41. A. embarrassed B. grateful C. annoyed D. panic
42. A. importance B. action C. character D. age
43. A. invited B. observed C. thanked D. hated
44. A. cheerfully B. hopefully C. proudly D. eagerly
45. A. affected B. attended C. applied D. abandoned
46. A. killed B. dismissed C. disabled D. forgotten
47. A. keep B. buy C. build D. leave
48. A. disappointed B. sensitive C. touched D. deserved
49. A. curiously B. delightedly C. sadly D. coldly
50. A. explained B. apologized C. changed D. argued
51. A. smiled B. glanced C. pointed D. laughed
52. A. desperate B. amazed C. ambitious D. silent
53. A. help out B. attract to C. get rid of D. put up
54. A. buy B. start C. access D. develop
55. A. named B. looking C. followed D. taking
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Alibaba Group’s communication app DingTalk or DingDing, 56. (original) designed for China’s white collar workers, adapted to the virus outbreak by offering the service to help educate primary and middle school 57. (teenager). More than 12 million students from around 20000 schools across China are now taking online courses via DingTalk. The sudden increase in demand last Monday even led 58. a temporary destruction of the software, 59. service was restored to its full by noon.
Last Sunday, in the Apple store for Chinese mainland users, the average rating for DingTalk was 2.5 stars out of 5. Days before that its rating 60. (drop) to as low as 1.3.
The primary reason was unexpected: Pupils. For some pupils they could have enjoyed an 61. (extend) holiday but have now narrowly missed that. DingTalk, as well as Tencent Meeting, 62. (be) among the apps used in live-streaming classes and that’s why they got the low ratings.
“Thank you DingTalk. You made me see teachers on holiday again,” was one comment along with 63. 1-star rating.
“I’ll give you a five-star rating. Here is the 64. (one) of the five.” is another.
Recently, a funny 65. (apologize) cartoon video has been released by Ding Talk to re-win its clients’ support. Here it comes!
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作(共15分)
假设你是李华，你在美国的朋友Jack正在学习中文，他给你写信询问中文中的四字成语，请给Jack写一封回信，介绍一个中文中的四字成语。
注意：1. 词数不少于100；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
词汇：four-word Chinese idiom
Dear Jack,
I admire your passion for the Chinese language and I’m more than happy to give you some help. ____
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 概要写作（共25分）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Nowadays, it is most probable that you have an electronic device loaded with hundreds or even thousands of your favourite songs. At any moment in time, you can fill your headphones with the sounds of a particular song that suits your mood at that exact time.
Music is so common. But have you realized the power of it? Are you getting ready for a big soccer match or do you need to get excited? Maybe some hip hop with a strong beat will do the trick! Besides, you might be ready to study for a big exam the next day. To help you study better, a little bit of Mozart might make you remember things better.
We may all have been moved by particular songs that spoke to us in some situations. But is there any scientific evidence showing that music really has such effect on people? Of course, there is! Scientists have long recognized the power of music. Over the years, many studies have been done to examine in greater depth the nature and extent of the effects music has on people.
For example, scientists at the University of Missouri have found that listening to music can have positive effects on your mood. Their research gives scientific credibility(可靠性) to the behavior that many people have already experienced on their own: listening to upbeat music can brighten your day and boost your mood.
Other studies have shown that upbeat music isn’t the only type of music that can be helpful, however. When people are sad or have suffered a personal loss, sad music can be helpful because the tone and lyrics of the music can resonate(引起共鸣) with the listeners. Likewise, people under a lot of stress or experiencing upsetting situations can benefit from listening to angry music. Although angry music might not help you if you’re in a normal mood, its tone can benefit you when you are dealing with stressful and upsetting situations.
英 语 （四）答 案
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【答案】21-23 CAB
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者观看父亲表演魔术的故事。
21. 推理判断题。根据第四段的“The Great Jason’s eyes seem to be glancing through me. I shiver and walk faster. I feel like a child about to open her birthday presents.” (Jason似乎看了我一眼，我浑身发抖，走得更快了。我感觉就像一个即将打开生日礼物的孩子)可猜测，作者当时很紧张，但又有点兴奋。C 项(既紧张又兴奋)符合以上说法，故选C项。
22. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“I’m in town for the writer’s workshop”可知，作者是来参加作家研讨会的。A项(为了参加作家研讨会)符合以上说法，故选A项。
23. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Daddy, I’m so glad to see you”可知，Jason是作者的父亲。B.项(作者的父亲)符合以上说法，故选B项。
B
【答案】24-26 BDD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究人员通过研究调查年轻长颈鹿的存活情况，发现长颈鹿的数量在减少，并发现偷猎和缺乏食物是长颈鹿数量减少的原因。
24. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“I am always amazed how easily we can spot warthogs(疣猪) and other small animals, yet we sometimes have trouble seeing giraffes. Giraffes are slender in shape, and they may not throw a good shadow.” (我很吃惊我们能很容易地发现疣猪和其他小动物，但有时我们却很难看到长颈鹿。长颈鹿是苗条身材，他们可能不会投下大片影子。)可知，要在空中发现长颈鹿很难，因为它们可能不会有大片阴影。B. It was hard to spot giraffes from the air.(在空中很难看到长颈鹿)符合以上说法，故选B项。
25. 推理判断题。根据第四段的“To find out if lions had been killing more giraffes in recent years, the team looked at the survival of young giraffes. Lions kill more young giraffes than adults, but the team found no decrease in young giraffes’ survival after they are born, compared with the 1970s.” (为了查明近年来狮子是否猎杀了更多的长颈鹿，研究小组观察了幼长颈鹿的存活情况。狮子杀死的幼长颈鹿比成年长颈鹿多，但研究小组发现，与上世纪70年代相比，幼长颈鹿出生后的存活率并没有下降)可知，研究人员是通过研究调查幼长颈鹿的存活情况，来研究狮子和长颈鹿的关系的。D. By surveying the survival of young giraffes.(通过研究年轻长颈鹿的存活情况)符合以上说法，故选D项。
26. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Dr. Strauss is working on an environmental education program for Tanzania including books for students. These materials will educate Tanzanians and help them to help giraffes. As knowledge grows and changes are made, they hope the giraffe population will increase.” (Dr. Strauss 正在为坦桑尼亚开展一个环境教育项目，其中包括为学生提供书籍。这些材料将教育坦桑尼亚人并帮助他们帮助长颈鹿。随着知识的增长和变化，他们希望长颈鹿的数量会增加)可知，Dr. Strauss 通过引起当地人的环保意识来帮助长颈鹿。D. She is raising environmental awareness in local people.(她正在提高当地人的环保意识)符合以上说法，故选D项。
C
【答案】27-30 DBCA
【解析】这是一篇说明文。科学家们研究出了一种透明木头。文章介绍了制造这种木头的过程以及这种木头的特点和未来的应用。
28．词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable. The one thing it is not, is transparent(透明的).”可知，木头便宜、耐用、容易获得，最重要的是可循环利用。但是它不是透明的。而最后一句提到：由于科学家的努力，已经将“那个特点”添加到已有的特点单子里了。根据这个语境可以推知，科学家们把木头变成透明的了。“透明”也成为了它的一个特点。故选D项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer(聚合物) and baked at a temperature of 158℉ for four hours”可知，制造透明木头的过程之一是：将无木质素的木材浸泡在聚合物中，在158华氏度的温度下烘烤4小时。因此B选项提到的“减少聚合物的量”和原文不符。故B选项切题。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They are now experimenting with ways to scale up the manufacturing process so that the transparent material is cost-effective to make and easy to use”可知，现在，他们正在尝试提高制造工艺，使得透明材料制造起来更加合算，易于使用。由此推知，现在制造透明木头的成本仍然很高，需要降低成本。故C选项正确。
31．主旨大意题。最后一段介绍了透明木头将来在住宅、建筑物、太阳能电池板、环保等方面的应用。由此可知，最后一段主要介绍了透明木头的光明未来。故A选项正确。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
【答案】31-35 BDCGE
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是从童年到成年如何转变的建议。
31. 根据上文“Switching from childhood to adulthood can be challenging.”(从童年到成年的转变是很有挑战性的。)及下文“Work on not acting like a child by managing your emotions.”(学会控制自己的情绪，不要表现得像个孩子。)空处表示成长为一个成年人是不容易的事情，B项 (通常，你可能仍然觉得自己像个孩子。)承上启下。故选B。
32. 根据上文“You should take responsibility for your actions, whether they are intentional(故意的) or unintentional.”(无论你的行为是有意的还是无意的，你都应该对自己的行为负责。)，D项(这是成熟和尊重他人的标志)是对上文内容的进一步说明。故选D。
33. 根据上文“Respect your partner, family members, friends, and strangers.”(尊重你的伴侣、家人、朋友和陌生人。)及下文“As you grow up and mature, you should understand the concept of respect and why it is important.”(随着你的成长和成熟，你应该理解尊重的概念和它为什么重要)，空处的关键词应包含respect。故C项 (孩子们常常自私无礼，不尊重别人。)承上启下。故选C。
34. 根据上文“When you are faced with a conflict, it is important to keep your emotions in check. Control your anger and avoid becoming aggressive.”(当你面临冲突时，控制自己的情绪是很重要的。控制你的愤怒，避免变得咄咄逼人。)，再根据后文的“cool down”可知，是让自己平静的方法，故G项 (深呼吸、倾听、解决与他人的冲突)承上启下，故选G。
35. 根据上文“For example, thoroughly read through your edits on your research paper.”(例如，通读你对研究论文的修改。)，故E项 (这些修改将有助于你今后的写作。)是对上文的进一步说明。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，共30分）
【答案】36-40 ADACD 41-45 CADCB 46-50 ACCDA 51-55 BDCBA
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对穿戴破旧的夫妇到哈佛大学见校长而遭冷遇，进而自己建立一所新大学——斯坦福大学的故事。
36. 考查副词词义辨析。A. impatiently没有耐心地；B. excitedly激动地；C. enthusiastically热情地；D. awkwardly尴尬地。根据“He will be busy all day”可知，秘书不耐烦地说。故选A。
37. 考查名词词义辨析。A. concern关心；B. problem问题；C. interest兴趣；D. business事务。have business with与……有关。从他们的穿着来看，秘书断定这对夫妇与哈佛无关。故选D。
38. 考查动词词义辨析。A. wait等待；B. accuse指责；C. explain解释；D. oppose反对。根据下文“Four hours, the secretary ____39____ them”可知，“我们会等的”，女士回答。故选A。
39. 考查动词词义辨析。A. persuaded说服；B. drove迫使；C. ignored忽视；D. served服务。4个小时，秘书都没有理他们。故选C。
40. 考查形容词（副词）词义辨析。A. satisfied满意的；B. shameful羞愧的；C. nervous紧张的；D. discouraged泄气的。希望这对夫妇最终会灰心丧气并离开。故选D。
41. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. grateful感激的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. panic惊慌的。根据“and finally decided to disturb the president.”可知，秘书越来越生气，最后决定去找校长。故选C。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。A. importance重要性；B. action行动；C. character角色；D. age年纪。像他这样重要的人显然没有时间和无名小卒呆在一起。故选A。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。A. invited邀请；B. observed观察；C. thanked感谢；D. hated讨厌。但他讨厌穿这种衣服的人到他的办公室来。故选D。
44. 考查副词词义辨析。A. cheerfully高高兴兴地；B. hopefully怀有希望的；C. proudly骄傲的；D. eagerly急切的。校长面带冷色，骄傲地向这对夫妇走去。故选C。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。A. affected影响；B. attended参加，上学；C. applied 申请，应用；D. abandoned抛弃。根据“He loved Harvard and was very happy here.”可知，我们有个儿子在哈佛上了一年学。故选B。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。A. killed杀死；B. dismissed开除；C. disabled使... ...失去能力；D. forgotten忘记。根据“And my husband and I would like to ___47___ a memorial(纪念物) to him somewhere on campus.”可知，但儿子却意外身亡。故选A。
47. 考查动词词义辨析。A. keep保存；B. buy买；C. build建；D. leave离开。我的丈夫和我想在校园里建一个纪念碑。故选C。
48. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. disappointed失望的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. touched感动的；D. deserved应得的。校长没有感动，他很震惊。故选C。
49. 考查副词词义辨析。A. curiously好奇地；B. delightedly高兴地；C. sadly难过地；D. coldly冷淡地。根据“We can’t put up a statue for every person who studied in Harvard and died.” 我们不能为每一个在哈佛学习并去世的人树立一座雕像。故选D。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。A. explained解释；B. apologized道歉；C. changed改变；D. argued争论。这位女士很快解释道：“事实上，我们想给哈佛建一栋楼。”故选A。
51. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. smiled微笑；B. glanced一瞥；C. pointed指着；D. laughed大笑。校长瞥了一眼两人。故选B。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。A. desperate绝望的；B. amazed吃惊的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文妻子轻声询问丈夫“这是开办一所大学所需的全部费用吗？”可推知那位女士先沉默了一会儿。故选D。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。A. help帮助；B. attract吸引；C. get rid of摆脱；D. put up搭建。根据“The president was pleased.”可知，他现在可以摆脱他们了。故选C。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。A. buy买；B. start开始；C. access进入；D. develop发展。这就是开办一所大学的全部费用吗?故选B。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。A. named命名；B. looking看；C. followed跟随；D. taking拿走。在那里他们建立了以他们名字命名的大学——以纪念儿子。故选A。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】
56. originally
57. teenagers
58. to
59. whose
60. dropped/had dropped
61. extended
62. is
63. a
64. first
65. apology
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。阿里巴巴集团的通讯应用程序DingTalk在病毒爆发以来为中国约2万所学校的1200万学生提供在线课程服务。学生本可以享受更长的假期，但因为在线课程却不能了，因此直播课程中使用的DingTalk还有Tencent Meeting获得了较低的评分。就此Ding Talk发布了一个有趣的道歉卡通视频，以赢得其客户的支持。
56. 考查副词。副词修饰过去分词designed作状语。original意为“最初的”，它的副词是originally。故填originally。
57. 考查名词的数。teenager意为“青少年”，是可数名词，在句子中是泛指，应使用复数。故填teenagers。
58. 考查固定短语。句意：上周一需求的突然增加甚至导致了软件一度出现问题，它的服务已在中午恢复。lead to是固定短语，意为“导致”。故填to。
59. 考查定语从句。句意：上周一需求的突然增加甚至导致了软件一度出现问题，它的服务已在中午恢复。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面是非限制性定语从句，先行词是“software”，whose引导定语从句并在从句中作“service”的定语。故填whose。
60. 考查时态。句意：在此之前的几天，它的评分下降至1.3。此处可以表示“过去发生的事情”，应使用一般过去时；由“before that”可知，此处还可以表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时had dropped。故填dropped/had dropped。
61. 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于某些学生来说，他们本可以享受延长的假期，但现在不能了。extend是动词，在这里修饰“holiday”作定语，“holiday”承受“extend”的动作，因此应使用过去分词作定语。故填extended。
62. 考查主谓一致。句意：DingTalk和Tencent Meeting属于直播课程中使用的软件，这就是为什么它们获得较低评分的原因。as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的使用要看距离谓语动词远的那个主语，且句子表示的是一般事实，应使用一般现在时。故填is。
63. 考查冠词。句意：“谢谢你，DingTalk。你让我在假期又见到了老师”，这是一个一星评分的评论。此处表示泛指，意为“一个”一星级的评分，“1-star”的第一个发音为辅音音素，故使用不定冠词a。故填a。
64. 考查序数词。句意：“我会给你一个五星好评，分五次还清。”是另外一个对DingTalk的评价。该评论是对DingTalk的调侃，即把五星好评分成五次一星的评价，这是第一次进行评论，应使用序数词first。故填first。
65. 考查名词。句意：最近，Ding Talk发布了一个有趣的道歉卡通视频，以再次赢得其客户的支持。形容词funny修饰名词作定语，apologize是动词，它的名词是apology。故填apology。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作(共15分)
【答案】
Dear Jack,
I admire your passion for the Chinese language and I’m more than happy to give you some help. Here is a popular four-word Chinese idiom which I think you might be interested in. It is called Shou Zhu Dai Tu which literally means to wait for a rabbit by a stump.
It is used to describe someone who is lazy and doesn’t want to work, so he sits around and waits for something good to happen. The idiom originated from the story of a farmer who witnessed a rabbit bump into a tree stump and die. This gave him the idea of waiting near the tree stump for more rabbits to kill themselves that way, so that he would be able to collect the rabbits and not have to work. The farmer waited for a long time but such a coincidence did not occur again. In the end he was ridiculed by everyone because it was such a foolish idea that it would never have worked.
My teachers often use this idiom to encourage students to put their best efforts into studying. I think it is equal to expressions like ‘‘there’s no such thing as a free lunch.” The lesson behind this idiom is—if we really long for something, we have to strive for it.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给朋友Jack写信，给他介绍一个四字成语。
体裁：应用文；时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主；结构：总分总 。要求：1.介绍一个四字成语；2.和相关成语的故事
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
introduce sth. to sb./ mean to do sth./ stand for/ encourage sb. to do sth./ have an influence on
第三步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）
表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…
状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…
定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…
第四步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）
范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：Here is a popular four-word Chinese idiom which I think you might be interested in.（which引导定语从句）；The lesson behind this idiom is—if we really long for something, we have to strive for it.（if引导条件状语从句）。这些从句的使用给文章增色添彩。
第二节 概要写作（共25分）
【答案】
Nowadays, with modern devices, music to your taste is easily accessible. (要点一) Yet, is power, which might benefit you, is not fully realized. (要点二) Scientists have researched into the nature and extent of music’s effects on humans. (要点三) For instance, scientists at the University of Missouri have proven upbeat music can cheer you up. (要点四) Besides, sad music and angry music have also been found to be helpful. (要点五)
【解析】根据第一段中“Nowadays, it is most probable that you have an electronic device loaded with hundreds or even thousands of your favourite songs.” （如今，你很可能有一个电子设备，里面装着数百甚至数千首你最喜欢的歌曲）。第二段第一句“Music is so common.” （音乐是如此普遍）。第三段最后一句“Over the years, many studies have been done to examine in greater depth the nature and extent of the effects music has on people.” （多年来，人们做了许多研究来更深入地研究音乐对人们的影响的性质和程度）。第四段是举例说明“For example, scientists at the University of Missouri have found that listening to music can have positive effects on your mood.” （例如，密苏里大学的科学家发现，听音乐可以对你的情绪产生积极的影响）。最后一段第一句“Likewise, people under a lot of stress or experiencing upsetting situations can benefit from listening to angry music.”（同样，人们在压力很大或经历令人沮丧的情况下也可以从听愤怒的音乐中受益。
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