【期中知识点归纳】 （人教版2019）2023-2024学年高一上册英语 必修1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 知识点归纳 试卷.zip

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Unit 4　Natural Disasters







Unit4
话题
自然灾难
词汇
disaster，slide ，flood，rescue，damage，destroy，shelter，ruin，percent ，trap ，bury ，effort，context ，supply，tap，pipe ，calm，aid ，crash ，sweep，wave，strike
短语
volcanic eruption，as if，in ruins，in shock，in the open air，first aid kit，on hand
，sweep away
句型
1．too...to太……而不能……
2．as if引导的虚拟语气
3．地点状语从句
1．be doing sth when...“正在做某事这时……”
2．make＋it＋adj.＋不定式
语法
限制性定语从句(1)
写作
概要写作

考点1. rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
[教材原句]　What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood－hit area?救援人员和士兵正在洪水灾害地区做什么？
【拓展】
come to sb’s rescue＝rescue sb　救援某人
rescue...from... 把……从……营救出来
【经典练】单句语法填空
①The firemen rescued a baby the flood.
②When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers (rescue) us.
【写作佳句】
I got a rescue call from a woman in London.我接到了来自伦敦的一位女士的求救电话。
考点2. damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
[教材原句]Which buildings were damaged in Seoul?首尔哪些建筑被毁了？
【拓展】
(1)　　　对……造成损害
(2)damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
【经典练】单句语法填空
①The drought has done great damage the crops.
②They are repairing the houses which (damage)in the flood.
考点3. affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
[教材原句]　82 killed, 500，000 affected82人丧生，50万人受影响
【拓展】
(1)affect sb/sth　影响某人/某事
be deeply affected by 被……深深打动了
(2)effect n. 作用； 影响
have an effect on 对……产生影响
【经典练】语境辨义
①This can affect your work.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
②The audience were deeply affected by the moving story.
③Diseases affect almost everyone at some time during their lives.
【教考衔接】
1.As far as I’m concerned, following others’ advice without thinking will affect our own decision.(2018·江苏卷书面表达)
在我看来， 不假思索地接受他人的意见将影响我们自己的决定。
2.Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance.(2020·江苏卷)
【写作佳句】
The old farmer was very upset because the strong winds caused great damage to his crops.
老农非常沮丧，因为强风给他的庄稼造成了巨大的损失。
考点4. shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
[教材原句]　Shelters set up by the government政府建立的庇护所
【拓展】
(1)take shelter from...躲避……
(2)shelter...from... 保护/遮蔽……不/免受……
shelter from... 躲避……
【经典练】单句语法填空
①It’s so hot，and we’d better find a tree to take shelter the sun.
②We sat in the shade，sheltering the sun.
【写作佳句】
After the terrible earthquake, the homeless need not only food and water but also proper shelter.
可怕的地震过后，无家可归的人不仅需要食物和水，还需要合适的住所。
考点5. ruin n．&vt.破坏；毁坏
[教材原句]In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
【拓展】
(1)be/lie in ruins　成为废墟；毁灭
fall into ruin 成为废墟；破败不堪
(2)ruin one’s hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/机会失去
ruin oneself 自我毁灭
【经典练】单句语法填空
①The old famous castle fell ruin after the big flood.
②Heavy smoking may ruin (you)，so you should give it up as soon as possible.
【写作佳句】
When we reached the destination，we saw an old temple in ruins.我们到达目的地后，看到一座成为废墟的古庙。
考点6. shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
[教材原句]　People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
人们惊恐万状——然而邻近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。
【拓展】
(1)a great shock to sb　对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊；吃惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
be shocked at/by 对……感到吃惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
【经典练】单句语法填空
①His situation was great shock to us all.
②The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and (shock)．
③The news that he was injured in the accident (shock)．
【写作佳句】
I looked at him in shock, waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.
我震惊地望着他，等待他告诉我，这一切都是我的误解。
考点7. trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
[教材原句]　Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.地震发生后不久，部队派出15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。
【拓展】
fall into a trap　落入圈套
be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中
【经典练】单句语法填空
①If you walk into the forest，you’re likely to fall a trap.
②The young man was trapped the building，and he felt very helpless.
【写作佳句】
The soldiers were sent to the earthquake－hit area immediately to rescue the people who were trapped in the ruins.战士们立即被派往地震灾区营救被困在废墟中的人们。
考点8. bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心
【拓展】
(1)bury...in...　把……埋到……里
(2) 埋头于/专心于……
【经典练】单句语法填空
①He (bury) in his lessons and knew nothing about the outside world.
②In the past three weeks, we have been burying (we) in study because the exam is drawing near.
【写作佳句】
She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
考点9. effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
[教材原句]　With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山在地震废墟中被建立起来。
【拓展】
　不遗余力做某事
make an effort/efforts to do sth 努力做某事
【经典练】单句语法填空
①If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance，I will spare no effort (finish) the task.
②As far as I’m concerned, you should make a greater effort (study) hard.
【教考衔接】
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled...(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
【写作佳句】
I do believe that all your efforts will pay off sooner or later.我的确相信你的努力迟早会得到回报。
考点10. suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
[教材原句]　What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need?你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？
【拓展】
(1)suffer losses/pains　　遭受损失/痛苦
suffer from 患……病；因……而受苦
(2)suffering n. 苦难，痛苦
sufferer n. 受难者
【经典练】单句语法填空
①As far as I know, he has ever suffered a serious illness.
②The editor never talked about his (suffer) in the disaster.
【写作佳句】
Obviously，our earth is suffering serious damage.显然，我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。
考点11. supply n．[pl.]补给品；供应(量)；补给 vt.供应；供给
[教材原句]The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集来的。
【拓展】
(1)in short supply　　　　　短缺
have a good supply of... 备有许多……
(2)supply sth to sb 为某人提供某物
supply sb with sth 为某人提供某物
【经典练】单句语法填空
①I’d like to know the reason why the milk is short supply in this area now.
②I don’t know whether they are supplied enough food in the area.
【写作佳句】
The government has supplied plenty of food and clothes to the local people since the earthquake occurred.政府在地震发生后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和衣服。
考点12. survive vi.生存；存活；继续存在 vt.幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长
[教材原句]She’s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.她正在喂地震中幸存的婴儿。
【拓展】
(1)survive on　　　依靠……生存下来
survive from 从……存活下来，流传下来
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存；[C]残存物
【经典练】语境辨义
①He was very lucky that he didn’t starve to death, but survived the cold winter.
②The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived on the fish caught in the sea.
③The old lady has survived all her elder brothers by ten years.
【教考衔接】
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving entirely on discarded(丢弃的) food.
(2019·浙江)
【写作佳句】
Of the six people injured in the terrible accident, only two survived.在这场可怕的事故中受伤的6人中，只有2人幸存。
考点13. power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力；权力
[教材原句]　Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.去一个远离建筑物、树木或电线的开放空间。
【拓展】
(1)have the power to do sth　　具有做某事的能力
beyond one’s power 力所不能及的；超出某人的能力
(2)powerful adj. 强有力的
【经典练】单句语法填空
①There was a time when the girl had no power (speak)．
②I do believe that encouragement is so (power) that it can change a person.
【写作佳句】
As is known to us，knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。
考点14. calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
[教材原句]　Stay calm.保持镇静。
(1)calm down　　平静下来
calm sb down 使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来
(2)keep/stay calm 保持镇静
【经典练】单句语法填空
①As soon as their parents came in，the twin sisters calmed ．
②When he gets anxious，he often breathes deeply to calm (he) down.
【写作佳句】
The excited football fans calmed down at last.激动的足球迷们最终平静了下来。
考点15. aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资 vi. & vt.(formal)帮助；援助
[教材原句]　first aid kit急救箱
【拓展】
(1)give first aid to sb　　　对某人急救
with the aid of 在……的帮助下
come to one’s aid 来帮助某人
in aid of 用以援助；帮助
(2)aid sb in (doing) sth 帮助某人(做)某事
aid sb with sth 以某事/物帮助某人
aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
【经典练】单句语法填空
①I’d be very grateful if you can aid me my English.
②He is so considerate a boy that he often aids his mother (clean) the house.
【写作佳句】
These volunteers are collecting money in aid of the poor children.这些志愿者正在募捐以帮助那些贫困的孩子。
考点16. wave n．海浪；波浪，波涛；挥手 vi. & vt.挥手；招手
[教材原句]Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9级强震所引起的巨浪卷走。
【拓展】
wave goodbye to sb　　　　向某人挥手告别
向某人挥手
【经典练】单句语法填空
①He waved us as the bus drove off.
②I waved goodbye him, but he ignored me.
【写作佳句】
She refused my suggestion with a wave of her hand.她摆摆手拒绝了我的建议。
考点17. strike vi.& vt.(struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；突然想到；(钟)敲；打动，迷住 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
[教材原句]　The undersea quake struck around 7：00 a．m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island.海底地震于星期日上午7时许袭击了印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域。
【拓展】
be struck by...　被……打动
某人突然想起……
【经典练】语境辨义
①The clock struck twelve when I got home last night.
②A terrible earthquake did strike the city on March 11.
③A good idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper.
④The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.
【写作佳句】
The failure of their team struck sadness into the captain’s heart.他们队的失利让队长很伤心。
考点18. effect n．影响；结果；效果
【拓展】
(1)have an effect on/upon　　对……产生影响
in effect 事实上
(2)effective adj. 有效的； 有影响的
【经典练】单句语法填空
① effect，he didn’t make any errors this time.
②Go outdoors and play team games with your friends，which is an (effect) way to get rid of anger.
【教考衔接】
John突然想起，他们可以帮助 Bernard为他的爆米花做广告。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
It struck John that they could help Bernard advertise his popcorn.(strike)
【写作佳句】
There is no doubt that reading books can have a good effect on the children.毫无疑问，读书会对儿童有良好的影响。
考点19. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗不肯进入屋内。
【拓展】
[句型公式]　too＋adj.＋to...“太……不能……”
(1)too ＋ adj./adv.(for sb) to do sth...意为 “太……而不能……”， 表示否定意义；
(2)too ＋(glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious)to do sth表示肯定意义。

【经典练】
①I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always on a conversation with her.
我讨厌她在上班时给我打电话——我一直很忙不能和她交谈。
②The problem is too difficult for me (settle)．这个问题太难了， 我解决不了。
③I am you with your homework.我很乐意帮你做作业。
【教考衔接】
在黑暗中，她太累太饿而睡不着觉。(too...to...)(2020·10月浙江，读后续写)
In the dark，she was too tired and hungry to fall asleep.
考点20. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！
【拓展】
[句型公式]　as if＝as though “仿佛；好像”，在句中引导表语从句。It seemed (to sb) that/as if...“(对某人来说)似乎……”。
(1)as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。
(2)as if从句用虚拟语气：
·从句用一般过去时(表示与现在的事实相反)；
·从句用过去完成时(表示与过去的事实相反)；
·从句用would/could/might do形式(表示与将来的事实相反)
【经典练】
①Look at the clouds in the sky! it is going to rain.Let’s hurry up.
看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点。
②He talks to them as if they (be) children.(与现在事实相反)他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。
③He talks about Rome as if he (be) there before.(与过去事实相反)
他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。
④He opened his mouth as if he (say) something.(与将来事实相反)
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
考点21.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。
【拓展】
[句型公式]　be doing sth when...“正在做某事这时……”
when在此处是并列连词，表示“正在那时，这时”，常用句型有：
be doing...when...正在做……，这时……
be about to do...when...正要做……，这时……
had just done...when...刚做过……这时……
【经典练】
①The man downstairs the earthquake happened.
这个男子正在楼下睡觉，这时地震发生了。
②We (have) a meeting when someone broke in.
当时我们正在开会，突然有人闯了进来。
③I had just come out of the kitchen someone knocked at the door.
我刚从厨房出来，就有人敲门。
④ he heard someone crying for help.
那个少年正要去上学，这时他听到有人呼救。

一．语法精讲——限制性定语从句(1)
思维导图



1．Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that/which even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
2．The number of people who/that were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400，000.
3．Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
4．Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
5．The man (whom/who/that) I have to phone lives in Canada.

一、定语从句的概述
定语从句定义
在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用的从句
关系词
关系代词
who, whom, whose，
which, that, as
关系副词
when, where, why
种类分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
This is the museum that I visited two years ago.
这就是我两年前参观过的那个博物馆。(that I visited two years ago是定语从句，修饰museum)
The lady who lives next door is a famous dancer.
住在隔壁的那位女士是个著名的舞蹈家。(who lives next door是定语从句，修饰lady)。
二、关系代词的基本用法
1．who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.(作主语， 指人)
在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。
I’d really like to find a friend who I can trust completely.(作宾语， 指人)
我真的很想找一个可以完全信任的朋友。
2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.(作宾语，指人)
罗丝是你应该关心的人。
3．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.(作定语，指人)
我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
He lives in a room whose window faces north.
他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。(作定语，指物)
【经典练】用适当的关系代词填空
①Do you know the man is talking with your mother?
②Those want to see the film set down your names, please.
③This is the person you should thank for helping your son.
④The girl graduated from Cambridge University is called Amanda.
⑤I like those books topics are about history.
⑥Any student family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
4．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring (which) he had lost on the train.(作宾语，指物)
那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。
The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.(作主语，指物)那个小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。
5．that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人时多用who/whom，指物时多用which。
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.(作主语，指人)
每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。
The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(作主语指物)
[名师点津]　(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
[译]　昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。
[误]　The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very frightening.
[正]　The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening.
(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。
Is that the girl (whom/who/that) you spoke of the other day?那就是你前几天所提到的女孩吗？
【经典练】用适当的关系代词填空
①I still keep the letter she wrote to me.
②Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
③The young man I work with is friendly.
④Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago?
⑤This is the man from I learned a lot in my life.
三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况
1．当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, much等不定代词时。
Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said?李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？
2．先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.这是我吃过的最美味的食物。
3．先行词被all, every, no, the only, the very, the last等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.我已经读了所有那些不属于我的书。
The only thing that she could do was to turn to the police for help.她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。
I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。
4．当先行词既指人，又指物时。
We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。
【经典练】补全句子
①This is the most beautiful park ．
这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。
②She took photographs of the things and people ．
她把她感兴趣的物和人都拍摄了下来。
③Writing was interested her.写作是她唯一感兴趣的事。
二．写作精讲——概要写作


一、题型特点
概要写作是一种阅读和写作要求并重的英语高考新题型，有准确性、完整性、概括性、客观性、个体性等特点。概要写作提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生在对原文阅读后根据其内容写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。概要所用语句既要用词准确、结构合理、语意连贯、不得抄写原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。
二、注意事项
1．词数要限制在60词左右，上下限不得超过10个单词。
2．要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。
3．人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可变换成第三人称。
4．写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照搬、照抄原文。
三、写作四部曲
1．确定体裁，明确主题及结构
体裁
结构
记叙文
人物＋时间＋地点＋事件(起因＋发展＋结果)
说明文
事物的性质功能：对象＋性质功能＋利好
问题的解决方法或措施：问题＋解决方法
现象类：现象＋原因＋结果
议论文
主题＋补充论据(＋结论)
2.确定主题句，找关键信息
划出每一段的主题句，抓住关键信息，忽略次要信息。
3．改写关键信息，得出要点
使用意义相同或相近的单词、短语或句式，或使用不同的句子结构表达同一意思，如改变语态、肯定变否定等，避免抄袭原文句子。
4．添加连接词，使行文连贯
要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接，用恰当的关联词去连贯全文。常用的关联词有：however，besides，in addition，therefore，instead等。

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same.Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus (校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms，classrooms and athletic equipment and，of course，the students.It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses，and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away.But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life，and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.
There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area.In fact，a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus，and obviously，if you live across the country that won’t be as much of a possibility，but if you live nearby，go check it out!
If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply，at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend.It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don’t like about certain campuses，things that you wouldn’t know unless you actually visit.
Now，if time and money are making it impossible，then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive.It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers，students，and college counselors (顾问)，and it won’t cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at collegeweeklive.com.While visiting an online college fair can’t take the place of an actual campus visit，it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you’d like to attend.
第一步：审题谋篇
体裁
议论文
主题
探访申请大学
框架
主题＋补充论据1、2、3
第二步：画主题句，找关键信息
Para.1
①主题句：It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same.
②关键信息：a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply
Para.2
①主题句：There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area.
②关键信息：visit the schools in your local area
Para.3
①主题句：If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend.
②关键信息：at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend.
Para.4
①主题句：Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at College－WeekLive.
②关键信息：check out the online college fairs
第三步：词句升级
Para.1
1．写出下列词语的同义表达
①good idea→worthwhile
②visit→pay a visit to
2．改写关键信息
It’s really worthwhile to pay a visit to your desired colleges personally before applying.
Para.2
1．将后置定语改为前置定语
the schools in your local area→your local colleges
2．改写关键信息
Undoubtedly, you should visit your local colleges.
Para.3
1．写出下列词语的同义表达
①at the very least→at least
②would like to attend→want to go to
2．改写关键信息
At least, you should visit the school you want to go to.
Para.4
1．同义句转换
①if time and money are making it impossible...
→ if you are short of time and money...
②check out the online college fairs
→visit the online college fairs
2．改写关键信息
If you are short of time and money, visiting the online college fairs is a good alternative to help you better understand schools.
第四步：连句成篇








landslide n. (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
【联想】slide vi.&vt.(使)滑行；滑动
flood n．洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没
【搭配】 in flood 泛滥的；被水淹的
rescue n．&vt.营救；救援

【搭配】 rescue sb/sth from... 从……救出某人/某物
come to sb’s rescue 援救某人
damage vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失
【搭配】 cause/do damage to对……造成损害/损失
death n．死；死亡

【联想】 dead adj.无生命的
affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
【搭配】 (be) affected by被……打动；被……(疾病)侵袭
【联想】 effect n．效果，作用
ruin n．&vt.破坏；毁坏

【搭配】 in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊

【搭配】 in shock　　 震惊；吃惊
【联想】 shocking adj. 令人震惊的
shocked adj. (感到)震惊的，惊骇的
be shocked at 对……感到震惊
trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱
【搭配】 be trapped in 被困在……
bury vt.埋葬；安葬

【搭配】 bury oneself in ＝be buried in 埋头于；专心于
breathe vi.&vt.呼吸

【搭配】 breathe in/out　吸(呼)气
【联想】 breath n. 呼吸
breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
revive vt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒

【联想】 revival n．振兴；复苏
effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力

【搭配】 make an effort/effort(s)/every effort to do sth
　　　　　　尽一切努力做某事
spare no effort 不遗余力
unify vi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体

【联想】 unified adj.统一的
wisdom n．智慧；才智

【记法】 －dom是名词后缀
【联想】 wise adj.明智的；聪明的
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦

【搭配】 suffer from　患……病；遭受……
【联想】 suffering n. 痛苦，苦难
supply n．[pl.]补给品；供应(量)；补给vt.供应；供给

【搭配】 in short supply　　短缺
supply (sth) to sb 为某人提供某物
supply sb with sth 为某人提供某物
survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过

【搭配】 survive from...从……存活下来；流传下来
survive on 依靠……生存下来
【联想】 survival n. 幸存，继续存在；幸存物，残存物
survivor n. 幸存者，生还者
power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力

【联想】 powerful adj.有力的；(药等)有功效的
aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资vi.&vt. 帮助；援助

【同义】 help；assist
kit n．成套工具；成套设备

【搭配】 first aid kit急救箱
sweep vt.&vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫

【搭配】 sweep away消灭；彻底消除
strike vi.&vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打
　n．罢工；罢课；袭击

【搭配】 be struck by/with...被……打动/触动；为……所侵袭It strikes sb that... 某人突然想起
summary n．总结；概括；概要

【搭配】 make a summary做总结
in summary 总的来说，概括起来
effect n．影响；结果；效果

【搭配】 have an effect on对……产生影响
【联想】 effective adj. 有效的
length n．长；长度

【搭配】 at length　　　　　终于，最后；详细地
【联想】 width/breadth 宽度/广度depth 深度
height 高度


1．Unity is strength.团结就是力量。
2．The first in time and the first in importance of the influences upon the mind is that of nature.—Emerson在所有对头脑的影响之中，大自然的影响可谓在时间上最先，在作用上最为重要。——爱默生
3．There is kindness to be found everywhere.人间处处有温情。
4．The earth is our only home­planet.地球是我们唯一的家园。
5．The fear of the disaster is worse than the disaster itself.对灾难的恐惧比灾难本身更可怕。

Never give up,
永不放弃，
Never lose hope.
永不心灰意冷。
Always have faith,
永存信念，
It allows you to cope.
它会使你应付自如。
Trying times will pass,
难捱的时光终将过去，
As they always do.
一如既往。
Just have patience,
只要有耐心，
Your dreams will come true.
梦想就会成真。
So put on a smile,
露出微笑，
You’ll live through your pain.
你会走出痛苦。
Know it will pass,
相信苦难定会过去，
And strength you will gain.
你将重获力量。