高考英语一轮复习基础过关练习专题28书面表达之读后续写必备句型与写作思路（二） (含解析)

这是一份高考英语一轮复习基础过关练习专题28书面表达之读后续写必备句型与写作思路（二） (含解析)，共37页。试卷主要包含了评分原则，各档次给分范围和要求，高考评分解读，人生哲理等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题28书面表达之读后续写必备句型与写作思路（二）
知文体特点
一、评分原则
1.本题总分为25分，按七个档次进行评分。
2.评分时，主要从内容、语言表达和篇章结构三个方面考查，具体为：
（1）续写内容的质量、续写的完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度。
（2）所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
（3）上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。
3.评分时，应先根据作答的整体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
4.评分时还应注意:
（1）词数少于120的，酌情扣分；
（2）单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受；
（3）书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分。
二、各档次给分范围和要求
第七档（22-25分）
—创造了丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高:
—使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解:
—自然有效地使用了段落间、句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。
第六档（18-21分）
—创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高:
—使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，有个别错误，但不影响理解:
—比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。
第五档（15-17分）
—创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关:
—使用了比较恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达方式不够多样性，表达有些许错误，但基本不影响理解:
—使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。
第四档（11-14分）
—创造了基本完整的故事内容，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强，与原文情境基本相关:
—使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有部分语言错误和不恰当之处，个别部分影响理解:
—尚有语句衔接的意识，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。
第三档（6-10分）
—内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度脱节:
—所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多且比较低级，影响理解:
—未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯。
第二档（1-5分）
—内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节:
—所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调，错误极多，严重影响理解:
—几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。
第一档0分
—未作答:所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判:所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。
三、高考评分解读
总体来看，读后续写以读为辅，以写为主，其目标是考查学生的综合语言运用能力。评分标准是评分的依据和绝对标准。
依据评分标准，读后续写主要考查内容创作和语言运用两个方面。评卷时，评卷老师先根据考生所续写短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
阅卷老师在阅卷时，主要考虑以下内容：
1.与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；
2.内容的丰富性；
3.应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；
4.上下文的连贯性。
应对技巧
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，例如什么人（who）什么时间(when)在什么地方(where)因为什么(why)做了什么事儿(what)，最后有了什么发展(how)。这样分析有利于考生“顺藤摸瓜”。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。
一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到“心中有数”。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。
这一点可以帮助考生检查关键词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到“字迹工整、清晰”。
学必备句型和模板
1. 新高考英语读后续写21个场景描写万能句式汇总
场景 1
表示“感到……情绪与情感”
1. a flush of（表情绪的名词）= a wave of = a feeling/sense of 一阵……
2.joy/excitement/pride/anger/rage/panic/terror/sorrow/sadness/grief/embarrassment/dispointment/guilt/
shame
3.（表情绪的名词）flooded over sb. =swept over sb.
仿写：
1) 当他看着自己孩子的时候, 一种强烈的自豪感涌上心头（十分自豪）。
A flush of pride swept over him as he watched his children./He felt a flush of pride as he watched his children.
2) 我感到高兴极了。
A wave of happiness flooded over me.
3) 他感到非常恐慌。
A flush of panic spread across his face/cheeks./A flush of fear flooded/swept over him.

场景 2
表示“（因为紧张、害怕）心跳”
1. sb. could feel one’s heart pounding wildly in one’s chest.
(pounding/beating/racing)(wildly/loudly/hard) 感到心在胸中砰砰直跳
仿写：
1) 上台领奖时我感到心砰砰直跳。
I could feel my heart pounding as I went on stage to collect the prize.
2) 我的心开始咚咚跳，嘴里发干。
My heart started to beat, and my mouth was dry.
3) 他打开信，心在咚咚跳着。
He unfolded the letter, his heart racing

场景 3
表示“流泪”
1. Tears blurred one’s eyes./One’s eyes got misty./One’s eyes misted/dimmed with tears. 泪眼模糊
2. ...be close to tears 几乎要哭了
3. tears (roll down one’s eyes/cheeks/face) 泪水落下
仿写：
1) 当得知我被重点大学录取时，我妈差点儿就哭了。
My mother was close to tears when she heard I was admitted to a key university.
2) 他站在一个角落里，泪流满面。
He stood in a corner with tears rolling down his face.

场景 4
表示“因……颤抖”
tremble/shiver/shake (with fear, panic excitement, rage...)
仿写：
1) 她双唇颤抖着，泪珠顺着面颊滚落下来。
Her lips shivered and big tears rolled down her cheeks.
2) 他握紧拳头，气得发抖。
He clenched his fists, trembling with rage.
3) 他躺在那里很长时间，害怕得发抖。
He lay there for a long time, shivering with fear.

场景 5
表示“好像……”
1. It was like doing sth. 好像……
2. It seemed as if/ that... 好像……
仿写：
1) 我似乎觉得所有的希望都破灭了。
It seemed to me that all hope faded/died.
2) 我们聊呀聊呀，就像遇到了久别的朋友一样。
We talked and talked, and it was like meeting a long-lost friend.
3) 好像进入了另一个世界。
It was like entering another world.
4) 我丢了工作，感觉我的世界崩溃了。
I lost my job and it was like my world collapsed./I lost my job and it seemed as if the world was at an end.

场景 6
表示“不知道做……”
1. sb. did sth., wondering what to do next.
2. sb. did sth., not knowing what to do next.
3. sb. did sth., unsure of what to do next.
4. sb. was at a loss what to do. 手足无措
5. sb. was in a dilemma about whether to do or not. 感到难以决定……
仿写：
1) 他吃惊地站在那里，不知道接下来做什么。
He stood there in shock, unsure what to do next.
2) 老师突然出现，他不知所措。
The teacher suddenly appeared, and he was at a loss what to do.

场景 7
表示“某人想到/明白……；有了主意”
1. It suddenly occurred to sb. that从句=It hit sb. that从句=It struck sb. that从句=It dawned on sb. that从句
2. (idea, thought...) occurred/came to sb.=...came/flashed into one’s mind=...crowded in one’s mind
3. one’s mind began to race 头脑开始快速转动
仿写：
1)我突然意识到我并不需要这些东西来让自己快乐。
It suddenly dawned on me that I didn’t really need these things to be happy.
2) 突然他想到一个好主意。
Suddenly a brilliant idea flashed into his mind.
3) 他的头脑开始快速转动，试图想出办法。
His mind began to race, trying to think of a way out.

4) 我突然想到我没有锁门。
It struck me that I had left the door unlocked.

场景 8
表示“直到……才意识到……”
1. 倒装句：Not until时间状语did sb. realize/notice that从句
2. 强调句：It was only时间状语that sb. realized that从句
仿写：
1) 直到那时他才意识到有什么不对劲。
Not until then did he realize that something was wrong.
It was only then that he realized that something was wrong.
2) 他这才恍然大悟，他哥哥想为他买圣诞礼物。
Not until then did he realize that his elder brother wanted to buy a present for him.
It was only then that he realized that his elder brother wanted to buy a present for him.
3) 直到那一刻，他才注意到包里什么也没留下。
Not until at that moment did he notice that there was nothing left in his bag.
4) 直到那时她才感觉到她的肚子在咕咕叫。It was only then that she felt that her stomach was growling.

场景 9
表示“迫不及待做……；毫不犹豫”
1. sb. could hardly wait to do sth.
2. without a second thought 不假思索；毫不犹豫地
3. without even thinking
4. without delay 立即；毫不迟延地
5. without hesitation 毫不犹豫
仿写：
1) 他迫不及待地要赶回家将一切告诉他的父母。
He could hardly wait to get back home and tell his parents everything.
2) 水冰冷冰冷，可那个年轻人想也没想就跳了进去。
The water was freezing cold, but without a second thought the young man jumped in.
3) 她迫不及待地想见Colin，把早上的一切都告诉她。
She couldn’t wait to see Colin and told everything about her morning.
4) 他毫不迟疑地迅速爬上树去摘树叶。
Without delay, he climbed up the tree quickly to reach for the leaf.

场景 10
表示“一……，就……”
1. Upon (doing) sth., … 2. The moment/instant从句, … 3. Hardly had sb. done …, when…did…
仿写：
1) 听了这个滑稽的故事，大家都哈哈大笑。
Upon hearing the funny story, everybody burst into laughter.
2) 我一看见他, 就知道他就是那个曾经帮我搬过箱子的警察。
The instant I saw him, I knew he was the policeman who had helped me carry the box.
3) 我刚走进房间就听见了巨大的声音。
Hardly had I entered the room when I heard loud noise.
4) 一听到“救命”的喊声，他冲出了房子。
Upon hearing shouts of “help”, he dashed out of the house.

场景 11
表示“发出……（声音）”
1. There were loud shouts and cheers (from…) when… 从……传来喊叫与欢呼声。
2. let out a cry/scream (of horror/fear/terror/shock/surprise/pain…)
3. let out a howl/growl/yell/sigh/yelp 发出……的声音
仿写：
1) 当他登上讲台时, 现场传来了雷鸣般的掌声。
There was a storm of applause when he went on the platform.
A stormy applause broke out in the hall when he went on the platform.
2) 她看见他时吓得大叫一声。
When she saw him, she let out a cry of horror.

场景 12
表示“转折”
1. But bad luck for sb., … 但是某人真不走运
2. To one’s surprise (delight)/Strangely enough, it turned out that从句
3. …, but in vain
4. …, but without success
5. …, but no use
6. But on second thoughts, … 但是转而一想，……
7. But what happened next was pure magic. 接下来发生的非常奇妙
仿写：
1) 使我们高兴的是，结果所有的人都收到了礼物。
To our delight, it turned out that every one of us received a gift.
2) Jack真不走运，他绊了一脚，摔在地上。
But bad luck for Jack, he tripped and fell to the ground
3) 她朋友想劝她和他一起回家可只是白费唇舌。
Her friend tried to persuade her to go back home with him, but in vain.

场景 13
表示“心里想”
1. An inner voice told sb. that从句 内心的声音告诉某人……
2. …thought/said to oneself
仿写：
1) 心里的声音告诉他，他所做的是错的。
An inner voice told him that what he had done was wrong.
2) 当他回家时，他心里想道，“这会是谁呢？”
“Who could it possibly be?” he thought to himself as he walked home.

场景 14
表示“时间”
1. not long after that, …=shortly afterwards, …=before long, …=It didn’t take long before从句=It took some time before从句 不久, ……
2. for an instant/moment 一瞬间
仿写：
1) 不久以后，我们到达一条流动的小溪边。
Not long after this, we reached a running stream.
2) 一时间，他站在那里一动不动，几乎不相信发生的事。
For an instant, he stood still, hardly believing what had happened.

场景 15
表示“跑；冲；奔”
1. dart/dash/rush/hurry
2. run like the wind 飞奔
仿写：
他突然放开我以惊人的速度冲出了门。
He suddenly let go of me and darted out of the door with surprising speed.
场景 16
表示“鼓起勇气”
pluck up/take/gather/one’s courage (to do…)
仿写：
1) 我终于鼓起勇气登上了舞台。
Finally, I plucked enough courage to go on stage.
2) 我鼓起勇气，径直向那个人走去。Gathering (up) my courage, I walked straight towards the man.
场景 17
表示“希望”
1. hoping that从句 抱着一丝希望
2. see/feel a glimmer of hope 看到一丝希望
3. trying hard to do sth.
仿写：
1) 她环视了一下大厅，希望Richard会在那里等她。
She glanced about the hall, hoping that Richard would be waiting for her.
2) 我注视她，感到了一线希望。
I looked at her and felt a glimmer of hope.
3) 他转过身来，想忍住眼泪。He turned around, trying to fight back his tears.

场景 18
表示“感到欣慰，放下心来”
1. …breathed a sigh of relief/…sighed with relief 松了一口气
2. (A wave of) relief flooded through/washed over sb.
4. to one’s relief, … 使人欣慰的/放心的是
仿写：
1) 飞机安全着陆，我顿时放下心来。
I breathed a sigh of relief as the plane landed safely.
A wave of relief flooded through me as the plane landed safely.
To my relief, the plane landed safely.
2) 没有人受伤，我们都松了一口气。
No one was injured, and we all breathed a sigh of relief.

场景 19
表示“还记得某人的话；还在某人的脑海中”
1. One’s words (echoed/rang out) in one’s ears.
2. One’s words (voice/song) lingered/whispered in one’s mind/head.
3. One’s head was still full of …
仿写：
1) 老师鼓励的话还在她的耳边回响。
Her teacher’s encouraging words still echoed in her ears.
Her teacher’s encouraging voice still lingered in her head.
2) 我的脑子里仍然充满奇怪的想法与忧虑。
My head was still full of strange thoughts and worries.
Strange thoughts and worries crowded into my mind.

场景 20
表示“经历与教训”
1. What a/an…lesson sb. taught me (sb. learned from sb.)! (valuable/useful/great/painful)
2. What a/an…experience sb. had! (enjoyable/pleasant/wonderful/unforgettable/memorable/interesting/valuable)
3. Down deep in one’s heart, … 在某人的内心深处，……
仿写：
1) 格林先生教给我们多么宝贵的一课啊！我们会永远记得他的恩情。
What a valuable lesson Mr. Green taught us! And we will always remember his kindness to us.
2) 在他的内心深处，他知道他会永远记住格林先生给他上的多么宝贵的一课。
Down deep in his heart, he knew he would remember what a valuable lesson Mr. Green taught him.
The valuable lesson Mr. Green taught him will be rooted in his memory forever.

场景 21
对话模式
1. “....,” he said, doing … --say后接分词作状语
1) “I didn’t know what I was doing,” she said, laughing at the memory.
2) “I’ll get us some coffee,” she said, heading for the kitchen.
3) “That’s nice,” Alex said quietly, focusing on his plate.
4) “Very clever,” said the teacher, nodding his head as if pleased.
5) “Uncle, forgive me, I did that unintentionally,” he said, pointing to the broken glass.
6) “We don’t do any harm,” said the boy, evidently frightened by my words.
2. “...,” he said, as/when/before/as if… --say后接时间状语从句
1) “Watch out!” she shouted, as the car started to move.
2) “What a beauty!” said the nurse as she came to the door.
3. “....,” he said, and (then he) did… --say后接and，先后动作或构成并列句
1) “Good morning, children!” said the minister, and he kindly shook hands with both.
2) “Yes, I think so,” he said reluctantly（无奈地）, and left the study.
3) “Come here,” said the little man, and took her to one of the corners of the building.
4. “....,” he said, “…” --say后接要说的另一句话
1) “There was a letter from Prince Andrew today,” he said to Princess Mary, “haven’t you read it?”
2) “Well, well!” said the man, “are there really people in this room?”
3) “Since you love him so well,” said the king, “I will tell you something.”
4) “She is a very admirable and excellent young woman,” said she, “and you must go and call on her.”
5. …did…, did, and said, “…” --say前有并列关系的先后动作
He paused, looked straight into her eyes, and said in a quiet voice, “that’s true.”
6. “…,” said the man, who… --用定语从句补充说明说话的人
1) “I don’t know,” said Zeb, who was still confused.
2) “To your health!” said Mr. White, who also emptied his glass, and wiped his mouth with his handkerchief.
7. “…,” he said +方式副词(-ly)或短语, --作状语修饰say
1）“Of course,” Nancy replied with a smile.
2）“I’m sorry,” she said with a sigh.
3）“But they don’t understand our talk at all,” said the dancer with a puzzled smile.
4）“Natasha, you love me?” he said in a soft trustful whisper.
5）“Come to your Papa at once, please!” said she with a strange, excited look.
6）“If only I had known…” she said through her tears.

2. 读后续写万能模板句型
人物心理描写情绪类
（一） 表人物喜乐 短语读后续写万能模板句型整理
几乎无法掩饰他的兴奋的心情： can hardly conceal his excitement
感觉既兴奋又开心：feel a mixture of excitement and happiness
被强烈地吸引： be powerfully attracted to
心情愉快： in cheerful spirits
满意的表情/一个令人鼓舞的表情出现在她的脸庞上: a satisfied look /an encouraging expression appeared on her face.
对 ... 感到满意： be content with
对 ... 很高兴： be delighted at
因 ... 而高兴： be joyful over/about
高兴地跳起来： dance/jump for joy
流下幸福的泪水： tears of happiness flowing down
使某人心情愉快： brighten sb’s heart
使某人安心： set one ’ s heart at rest
句子
The smile on her face shone like a diamond. 她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
Her face lit up with pleasure. （容光焕发）
A smile of understanding flashed across his face. 他脸上露出了一种理解的微笑。
Laughter lingered around the room. 笑声在房间里萦绕。
His eyes twinkled with pleasure. 他的眼睛闪烁着快乐。
I was pleased beyond description. 我高兴得难以形容
Her smile lit up the whole room. 她的笑容照亮了整个房间。
She wore a shining smile on her face. 她脸上带着灿烂的笑容。
She was overflowing with happiness. 她洋溢着幸福。
I was floating on air. 我高兴得飘飘然。
(二)表人物悲忧消沉
强烈的失落感： a strong sense of loss
陷入绝望： fall into despair
哭泣释放苦闷情绪： crying gives some emotional release
减轻某人的痛苦 / 烦恼： ease sb of his pain/trouble
因某人的死亡而痛心： break one’ s heart over one ’ death
悲痛欲绝： cry one ’ s heart out
怀着沉重的/ 沮丧的/ 忧郁的心情： with a heavy/ sinking/ sorrowful heart
情绪低落： be down in spirits
垂头丧气： lose one ’ s spirit
意志消沉： a broken spirit
句子
He stood silently, tears rolling down his cheeks. 他静静地站着，眼泪顺着面颊流了下来。
I feel like I am floating in an ocean of sadness. 我漂浮在悲伤的海洋里。
She burst into tears and ran out of the room. 她突然哭了起来，跑出了房间。
She sobbed, hiding her face in her hands. 她掩面哭泣。
I tried to fight back tears. /My eyes werefilled with tears. 我努力忍住眼泪。 / 我的眼里充满了泪水。
A frown （皱眉） nowstood on his face.他皱起了眉头。
These days he was in low spirits. 这些日子他情绪低落。
（三）表人物怨怒
引起某人的不快： arouse one’s displeasure
对某人的行为感到不满： be displeased at one ’ s conduct
气得满脸通红： flame with anger
愁眉苦脸： have a worried look
对 ... 表示不满： express/voice a complaint about
怒气冲冲地跑出房间： run out of the room in a burst of anger
感到尴尬的： feel embarrassed
感到困惑的： feel puzzled/confused
感到沮丧： feel frustrated/depressed
感到恼怒的： feel annoyed
感到泄气的： feel discouraged
句子
I was seized by anger. 我充满了愤怒。
His anger boiled over.他的愤怒爆发了。
He could hardly/scarcely contain his rage.他几乎控制不住怒火。
His voice trembled with anger.他的声音因愤怒而颤抖。
He gave me a look of burning anger.他愤怒地看了我一眼。
He glared at me with burning eyes .他用灼热的目光怒视着我。
His face clouded with anger .他气得脸色阴沉。
He sighed with disappointment. 他失望地叹了口气。
（四）表人物害怕恐惧
He turned to me, with his eyes full of horror.他转过身来，眼里充满了恐惧。
Fear slowly creeps upon her. 恐惧慢慢地蔓延到她身上。
Her face turned pale and stood there tongue-tied.她脸色苍白地站在那里，舌头打结。
A flood of fear welled up in him. / Fear floodedover him. 他心中涌起一阵恐惧。/ 恐惧淹没了他。
She shook all over, feeling like sitting on pinsand needles. 她浑身颤抖，觉得如坐针毡。
（五）表人物感动感激
让我感动的是： I was touched to find that…
深受感动： It has touched me deeply to …
潸然泪下： be moved to tears
令人非常感动的是 : It is very moving to …
感动得热泪盈眶： feel moved with tears in one's eyes
Touched deeply/immensely, we…被深深感动，我们 ……
Tears filling her eyes, she offered her heartfeltgratitude.她热泪盈眶，表示衷心的感谢。
With tears streaming down her face, she... 泪水顺着她的脸颊流了下来， ……

2个万能情感句
第一个情感万能句： To one's + 情绪名词，主句。
To my surprise, Tom won the first prize in theEnglish Speech Contest. 令我惊讶的是 Tom 居然获得了英语演讲比赛的第一名。
【正态度】 amazement 惊奇 , delight 高兴 , joy 高兴 , satisfaction 满足， excitement 兴奋 ,
【负态度】 annoyance 烦恼 , disappointment 失望 , horror 恐怖 ,shame, 羞耻 sorrow 悲伤 ,
【中性态度】 puzzlement 迷惑 , regret 后悔 , relief 欣慰 , surprise / amazement 惊讶
第二个情感万能句：
sb. felt a great sense of + 情绪名词 +welling up in sb ’ s heart and surging through sb.表示“某人感到一股强烈的 ...... 在内心升腾、奔涌。”
举例： Sunny 感到一股强烈的荣誉感，在她心中升腾，奔涌。
Sunny felt a great sense of honour welling up inher heart and surging through her.

万能升华主旨句-成长型
第一类：学习知识促“改变”
It's never too late to learn. Each individual hasthe right to accept more challenges and make more attempts. 学习永远为时不晚。每个人都应该并且有权利去接受更多的挑战，做更多的尝试。
【分析】 individual 这里表示“个人，个体”。 make more attempts 做更多尝试。
第二类：发挥天赋促“改变
Actually, every individual possesses talent. Bebrave when you find it and also make efforts. You can create miracles in theend. 事实上，每个人都有天赋，发现它的时候要勇敢，也要付出努力，最终你会创造奇迹。
【分析】 possess 拥有。 create miracles 表示创造奇迹。
第三类：追逐梦想促“改变”
It's never too late to go for your dream. Aslong as you grasp every opportunity and take full advantage of it, you willstand a chance to realize your dreams. 追梦永远不晚。只要你抓住机会，充分利用机会，你就有机会实现梦想。
As long as we dare to dream and don't letdifficulties get in our way, anything is possible. 只要我们敢于梦想，不被困难所阻挡，一切皆有可能。
【分析】 take full advantage of 充分利用， realize your dreams 表示“实现梦想”
第四类：克服困难促“改变”
The journey to success is not smooth. It is full ofchallenges and difficulties. We should be brave to face them. As long as wedon’t give up hope and make every effort to overcome all the difficulties, wewill surely achieve our goal (success) finally.
通往成功的路不会平坦，充满挑战和艰辛。我们要勇敢面对。只要不放弃希望并竭尽全力克服所有困难，我们最终会实现我们的目标（成功）。
【分析】 smooth 表示“平坦的” overcome all the difficulties 表示“克服困难”； make every effort 表示“做出努力”； as long as ，表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句。
第五类：战胜恐惧促“改变”
Determination and optimism are what it takes toconquer your fear and accomplish your goal. 战胜恐惧和实现目标，需要决心和乐观。
【分析】 Determination 表示“决心”； optimism 表示“乐观”。 conquer your fear 表示“克服你的恐惧”； accomplish your goal 表示“完成目标”
第六类：战胜自卑促“改变”
I smiled as I eventually realized the real sourceof confidence. Now, I am proud of what I look like and much happier, because Ihave realized it is your personality that decides who you truly are.
我笑了，因为我最终意识到了自信的真正来源。现在，我为我的样子感到骄傲，而且更快乐，因为我已经意识到，决定你真正是谁的是你的个性。
【分析】 eventually 表示“最后，终于”； personality 表示“ 个性 ”。
第七类：战胜消极促“改变”
Attitude is more important than facts for us. Wecannot change our past; we cannot change the fact. However, the only thing wecan do is hold a positive attitude.
态度对我们来说比事实更重要。我们不能改变我们的过去；我们不能改变事实。然而，我们唯一能做的就是保持积极的态度。
【分析】 Attitude 表示“态度”； positive attitude. 就是“积极的态度”。

万能升华主旨句-助人型
一、助人为乐
1.Sometimes，a smallact of kindness may be powerful enough to make a huge difference.
有时候一个小小的善行可能足以带来巨大的变化。
2.Sometimes small gesture of care will possiblymelt people’s loneliness.
有时候一个表达关爱的小小举动也可能融化人们内心的孤单。
3.Smiles spread on their faces while the peoplepresent burst out thunderous applause.
微笑在他们的脸上绽开，在场的人发出雷鸣般的掌声。
4.Helping others to realize their dreams gave memore pleasure. 帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我感觉更快乐。
5.Then he drove the car away without even sharinghis name and I have not seen him again.
然后他把车开走了，甚至没有说出他的名字，我再也没有见过他。
6.This kind act has a lasting influence on me.Ialways give others a helping hand if possible even so many years later.这种善意的行为对我产生了持久的影响。即使多年以后，我总是尽可能地帮助别人。
二、亲情、友情、师生情
1.She felt warmth in the cold day，and believed there was kindness in every corner.
她在寒冷的天气里感到了温暖，相信每个角落都有善意。
2.Without friends，theworld would become wilder.
没有朋友，世界变成一片荒芜。
3.Health is more than just your physicalwell-being.You need to have emotional needs met and that meansmaintaining family and friend relationships.
健康不仅仅是身体健康。你需要满足情感需求，这意味着维系亲情和友情。
4.He’s looking for love and he’s looking forfamily: he’s looking to be accepted and he’s looking forward to being embracedby his father.
他一直在寻找爱，寻找家庭；他渴望被接受，他期待能得到父亲的拥抱。
5.If you take your friends for granted，you may not have friends for very long.
如果你把朋友视为理所当然，那你也许不会有长久的友情。
6.I was fortunate in having a good teacher. 我很幸运，有位好老师。
7.Honestly，I havefallen deeply in love with teaching and getting along with teenagers.
说实话，我已经深深地爱上了教书以及和青少年相处。
8.After that，ourrelationship became closer and I was more like a friend than a teacher to them.
从那以后，我们的关系变得更亲密，我对他们更像是朋友而不是老师。
三、励志
1.The world makes way for the dreamer.世界总会给有梦想的人开路。
2.Each man is the architect of his own fate每个人都是自己命运的建筑师。
3.Life is full of smiles and tears.生命是充满欢笑和泪水的。
4.He knew no such word as failure.他不知道有失败这样的字眼。
5.He knew if he had had little more patience hewould have succeeded earlier.
他知道如果他再耐心一点，他早就成功了。
6.He was delighted that it helped him realize onerequires more patience in any task being accomplished.
他很高兴，这帮助他认识到一个人在完成任何任务时都需要更多的耐心。
7.As long as you have a dream，just go for it and never give it up easily.Your dream might not come truein one or two days but it will someday.
只要你有梦想，就去追求，不要轻易放弃。你的梦想可能不会在一两天内实现，但总有一天会实现的。
四、人生哲理
1.It is never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。
2.Constant dropping wears the stone.滴水穿石。
3.From small beginnings come great things.伟大始于渺小。
4.Never judge people by their appearance.永远不要以貌取人。
5.Great things are done by series of small thingsbrought together. 每件大事都是由一系列小事组成的。
6.We should enjoy every moment and never escapechallenges.我们应该享受每一刻，永远不要逃避挑战。
7.You re lucky enough to be different，never change.你很幸运能和别人不一样，不要改变。
8. Each individual has the right to accept morechallenges and make more attempts.
每个人都有权利接受更多的挑战，做出更多的尝试。
9.Determination and optimism are what it takes toconquer your fear and accomplish Your goal.
决心和乐观是征服你的恐惧和实现你的目标所需要的。
10.Don’t take people’s concern for granted.Nomatter how much they love you,people get tired eventually.
不要把别人的关心当成理所当然。不管他们有多爱你，最终也会有疲惫的一天。



考点练透
【模拟过关】
Passage1
（2022·辽宁·建平县实验中学模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Here’s the story of my growth over the past year. It’s a story of how I found the strength to change myself for better and then how I get rid of my fears to be even better. If anyone is inspired by this, that’s wonderful.
I’d been stuck as this incredibly insecure, under-confident and just scared individual for years and years. Since childhood I’d been stuck like this. Kids I met for the first time looked at me rudely and unkindly. Even my friends—actually, I had very few friends because I just felt too ashamed and frightened to make some, though I was eager to and felt extremely lonely in the depth of my heart—laughed at me and gave me bad nicknames. I felt terrible, but I’d just resigned to a life where I’d be afraid of everything and be this “introvert” (内向的人) or whatever. I thought I would never be able to change, never, for my whole life.
But then it all started changing. Something clicked. I suddenly determined to go on a diet, and lost some weight. It was tough. I felt hungry all the time. I was always tempted by the smell of bread and hamburger, even when I didn’t see them. But the toughest thing was that even if I had just had my meals, I felt hunger mentally. However, I held on. In over a period of 6 months I finally managed to stick to one of my diets. I didn’t know how. But I did make it.
The loss of 90 lbs brought me from overweight straight down to underweight. This isn’t the best part. More importantly and inspiringly, I suddenly found strength in me. I realized I could be totally different. And maybe, I could even be whatever I wanted to be. This taught me that I could change myself.
Then I wondered, perhaps, I could also get rid of those of my fears, just like I succeeded in losing my extra pounds. It might not be easy, but it might not be that difficult.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Chance presented itself soon.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It was from that point on that I started changing rapidly.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】       Chance presented itself soon. One single time, I heard about a public speaking thing going on at my university, and for the first time, I actually managed to build up the courage to go there. It was liberating. For the first time I was able to share my story, and able to do it in front of dozens of people potentially judging me, and suddenly all the random fears about speaking publicly started disappearing. This taught me I could get rid of my fears.
It was from that point on that I started changing rapidly. Using the fact that I could change, and that I could get rid of my fears, I started working on them one by one. My fear of greeting strangers, my fear of talking to strangers, my fear of asking simple questions I should ‘already know’, my fear of hanging out with people, my fear of not knowing things, my fear of making new friends, classmates and teachers, my fear of being myself, all of which help make me a better one.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在成长的过程中如何找到力量去改变自己——减轻体重和克服恐惧使自己变得更好的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“机会很快就出现了。”可知，第一段可描写作者利用公开演讲如何摆脱内心恐惧的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“从那时起，我就开始迅速地改变了。”可知，第二段可描写作者在成功减重和摆脱恐惧之后，很快地进行了其他方面的自身改变。
2.续写线索：公开演讲——摆脱恐惧——其他改变——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①消失：disappear/vanish
②摆脱：get rid of/extricate oneself from
③开始：start/begin
情绪类
害怕：fear/dread
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Using the fact that I could change, and that I could get rid of my fears, I started working on them one by one. (由第一个that引导的定语从句和第二个that引导的同位语从句，现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]My fear of greeting strangers, my fear of talking to strangers, my fear of asking simple questions I should ‘already know’, my fear of hanging out with people, my fear of not knowing things, my fear of making new friends, classmates and teachers, my fear of being myself, all of which help make me a better one. (“代词+of+which”结构的非限制性定语从句)
Passage 2
（2022·辽宁·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One of my most memorable trips took place during the summer vacation about three years ago, when my sister, my aunt and I took a trip to Spain because we were moving. On the day of the trip, I lay in bed thinking about my friends whom I was going to leave behind and thoughts were flooding in.
When we arrived at the hire station, we seemed to have some problems with our luggage because it was too much for a taxi, so we had to book a van (厢式送货车) to take our luggage to the airport. We waited for a long period to find a perfect van that would fit our luggage.
Before leaving, I felt very bad because I was going to a different country and was going to miss all my friends and family. I was not comfortable and cried.
The journey was almost perfect at the beginning, but soon it began to rain. Because of the rain, the drivers could not see far away, which caused a huge traffic jam. I was sitting by the window with a can of Coke that I had bought in the store earlier. My aunt and sister fell asleep, and during this time. I felt bored and thought about other things that bothered me. My eyes turned to the mountain in front of us.
A bus suddenly appeared in the picture. It was very close to us. Cars sped past us without any speed limit. Beside me was a very deep lake: I wondered to myself what if something or someone fell inside it. Suddenly, a bus in front of our van stopped, and because it was raining heavily and the van was going fast, no one could see what was going to happen. Then, bang, we bumped into each other. Our van overturned, but luckily, it didn’t fall into the lake. People came to help us get out of the van because we were blocked and the driver was half-dead.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
We struggled to get out of the van and everything we had was gone.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was losing a lot of blood and then the emergency aid came.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
We struggled to get out of the van and everything we had was gone. Everything was very strange. I had never had that kind of experience before. It was like watching a horror movie. Some people who were also in the accident started crying, looking for their children, tears beginning to increase. My leg was badly injured. My aunt was calling to seek some help, and my sister was full of injury. It almost seemed that the tragedy was never going to end.
I was losing a lot of blood and then the emergency aid came. They took us to hospital where we were treated. We had to pay for some fees, but we had no money. The doctors and nurses who were present learned of our condition and paid for us. Although we had experienced a bad accident, we were all lucky to have received help from those warm-hearted people. After that we went on with our journey and reached our destination successfully at last.
【分析】本文以人物为线索开展故事，作者讲述了三年前去西班牙度暑假时，在去飞机场的路上，遭遇车祸的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们挣扎着从厢式送货车里爬出来，发现我们的一切东西都不见了。”可知，第一段可描写作者目睹遭遇车祸后的惨状。
②由第二段首句内容“我正在流血，救护车来了。”可知，第二段可描写医生和护士抢救我们的经过。
2.续写线索：爬出运货车——目睹惨状——绝望——救护车到达——医院救助——医护人员筹钱——感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①寻找：look for/search for
②结束：go to end/come to a stop
③照顾：treat/take care of
情绪类
①哭泣：start crying/burst out crying
②糟糕的：bad/terrible
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Some people who were also in the accident started crying, looking for their children, tears beginning to increase.(运用了who引导的定语从句以及现在分词作状语和独立主格结构）
[高分句型2]. They took us to hospital where we were treated. (运用了where引导的定语从句）
Passage 3
（2021·重庆·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sometimes, we all need that one person to believe in us if we ever want to change our lives. Thankfully, one homeless man’s note was about to get found by someone willing to help turn his life around.
Anthony Johnson is a 36-year-old who had been living without a home in England. Sadly, his time on the streets meant that Anthony struggled to find work. He soon decided to leave a note at a bus shelter asking anyone to give him a chance so he could make his life worth living.
It turned out that Anthony had once got caught up with the wrong crowd. Although he has turned his life around, Anthony had no way of making money and couldn’t afford a home. To top it off, Anthony had also been battling his mental health in the last few years and just needed a chance to make it for himself.
It wasn’t until 16-year-old Charlotte Howard saw the note that everything started to change. Charlotte wanted to help Anthony in his quest to turn things around and decided to start a GoFundMe page. Here, the teen hoped to raise almost $400-$130 to buy a trailer and the rest to cover the cost of the repairs.
It didn’t take long for Charlotte’s post to take the nation by storm, and the page soon had more donations than the teen ever imagined. In just six days, Charlotte had blown her initial goal out of the water as the page had received more than $2,300 in donations. It was way more than either of the pair ever expected.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Unbelievably, the generosity didn’t end there.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Charlotte Howard came up with a new idea about how to use the rest of the money.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Unbelievably, the generosity didn’t end there. The money was only the beginning as Anthony soon found himself with a brand new job offer from Nelson Smith. Now, Anthony will be able to put his skills to good use as a landscape gardener. This is merely the beginning of a huge change for Anthony—all thanks to Charlotte’s generosity.
Charlotte Howard came up with a new idea about how to use the rest of the money. Inspired by Anthony’s story, Charlotte Howard began to offer more help to more homeless people. With other people’s help he founded a tiny organization to offer training to homeless people and bought necessary equipment. Anthony is invited to give training lessons about gardening skills. He is greatly encouraged while he encourages others. The new job not only has improved his living conditions but also has lifted up his spirits, bringing out the best in him. Starting the page might have been a small thought by Charlotte, but it was about to change Anthony’s life forever. Sometimes, those small acts of kindness really can change the world.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了16岁的夏洛特为了帮助36岁的无家可归的安东尼，建立了一个GoFundMe的网站，为他捐款。没想到此事在网络上引起强烈反响，筹集了大量善款，并且安东尼的工作也有了起色。受安东尼故事的启发，夏洛特用剩下的钱开始为更多无家可归的人提供帮助。有时候小小的善举真的可以改变世界。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“令人难以置信的是，这种慷慨还没有到此为止。”可知，第一段可描写安东尼的生活也发生了巨大改变。
②由第二段首句内容“夏洛特·霍华德对如何使用剩下的钱有了一个新的想法。”可知，第二段可描写夏洛特利用这笔多余的钱成立了一个组织，为更多无家可归的人提供帮助。
2.续写线索：
安东尼得到新工作——用多余钱成立组织——安东尼受邀教授园艺——安东尼一生彻底被改变
3.词汇激活
行为类
①提供：offer/provide/supply
②改进：improve/promote
③成立：found/establish/set up
情绪类
①鼓励：encourage/inspire/stimulate
②善意：kindness /good deed
【点睛】[高分句型1] The money was only the beginning as Anthony soon found himself with a brand new job offer from Nelson Smith.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Inspired by Anthony’s story, Charlotte Howard began to offer more help to more homeless people.（运用了过去分词作原因状语）
Passage 4
（2021·广东佛山·一模）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Going to Nationals!” We were all screaming and jumping. Kate, Jenny, Wendy and I embraced each other, bouncing. “Good job, Tara.” Said Kate as she put an arm around me. I am the youngest on the relay race team, but I'm fast. When I run, I leave the skin of my shyness behind, and I feel like a horseman on the Mongolian grassland, free, without boundaries.
Everybody ran to their parents in the bleachers ( 露天看台). My Mom didn’t make it. Again. I grabbed my phone and called her. It took a while for her to answer. “Yes, hi dear.” “Mom, we won states, and we are going to nationals.” I burst out in one breath. “Great! Let’s talk later; I’ll pick you up from school.” I wanted to say: “Is that it? Why aren’t you proud of me? All other parents are here, why aren’t you?” but all I did was“OK, see you soon.”Does she see me? Do I matter?
It was late after 9 PM. All the parents picked up their children, but my Mom wasn’t here yet. Coach Johnson waited with me. We just stood. A speeding car turned the corner; it was my Mom’s Toyota. Coach patted me on the back and left.
“I am so sorry I am late.Time just flew.” Said Mom. I wanted to cry in disappointment and tell her that I hate to be always last to be picked up and never have her come to my sporting contests, school plays, or anything else; ask her why she won’t make time for me. But when I looked at her and saw her tired eyes and clenched jaw (咬紧下巴), I just said: “That's OK, Mom, I understand.” Her jaw had stayed clenched since we came to this country as Mom would say: “with two pieces of luggage, a three-year-old (me), and $700.”
注意：
1. 续写的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Nationals finally came and my Mom came for the first time ever.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I had let everybody down and I ran out to hide myself
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Nationals finally came and My Mom came for the first time ever. Seeing my Mom in the bleachers, I was especially excited. I was like racehorses at the gate: nervously waiting and heads held high. I was the last runner   in our team.“ I have to seal the win.” I told myself. After Wendy passed the baton in my hand, I exploded forward. The crowd were screaming. My thoughts rocked with the pulse of the blood.I was beginning to pick up speed again when I was suddenly thrown off balance. Just as I was regaining control, I hit the floor and dropped the baton. My world had just ended.
I had let everybody down and I ran out to hide myself. My legs were all bloody, but that's not what hurt. I disappointed everybody. After a while, my mom, with red eyes, found me. “I will quit the team.” I whispered. “No, love! You had the best time in the race. It was an accident.” She continued to make me feel good, but I heard only her soft voice coming as a warm embrace at me, and then I cried out my sorrow,“ You're… never at my meets… always late… you don't have time… you're not proud of me.” Her voice dropped,“I love you so much that I   wanted to build a stronger boat for us. I am proud of you every second.” Thirsty for those words, I ran into herarms. The next day, I went back to the track. When I looked at my Mom in the bleachers, we smiled.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和同学赢得了洲际比赛，将要冲向全国的比赛，但是别的同学的父母都到场和自己的孩子一起欢呼时，作者只能打电话给母亲，电话那头母亲没有表示祝贺，作者因此感到很失望，作者希望母亲能来现场看比赛，也希望母亲能够早点来接自己，但是想到母亲一直咬紧牙关养育自己，作者的内心的想法也说不出口。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“全国赛终于来了，我妈第一次来了。”可知，第一段可描写作者母亲来看作者比赛的场景。
②由第二段首句内容“我让大家失望了，我跑出去躲起来。”可知，第二段可描写作者比赛失误后的羞愧，母亲的鼓励。
2.续写线索：母亲看作者比赛——比赛失误——作者感到羞愧——母亲的安慰和鼓励——作者和母亲误会解开
3.词汇激活
行为类
①降低：fall/lower
②使失望：disappoint/upset
③离开：quit/depart from
情绪类
①温柔的：soft/gentle
②激动的：excited/agitated
【点睛】 [高分句型1]. I was beginning to pick up speed again when I was suddenly thrown off balance.（由连接词when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. I love you so much that I wanted to build a stronger boat for us.(由so…that引导结果状语从句）
Passage 5
（2021·山东省实验中学模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Algebra (代数) was my last class of the day. After the class, Mrs. Sharpnack asked me to stay to discuss my midterm math exam, which I had failed. Although I did well in language and many other subjects, I wouldn’t be on the honor roll (光荣榜) that term if I couldn’t soon make big progress in math. In just a few weeks, the names of the honor roll students would be read during the class. I was so sad.
Seeing my sadness, Mrs. Sharpnack said, “Do you want me to spare some time to help with your math? I think you can make big and quick progress.” But I just wanted to go home and never think about algebra again. “No, thanks,” I said. And I explained, “Unlike other students in my class, I am just not good at this kind of math. And no amount of studying will change that.”
I almost cried when I talked about it. Mrs. Sharpnack comforted me, saying, “If we work together, I believe you can change it.” For a moment, I wondered if she would be right. “What time does your bus come?” she asked. I had 30 minutes left before my bus came, and I told her so. She asked if I would like to use that time to go over the math problems I had met. Encouraged by her, I answered. “I guess so.”
We started right then and made a plan to meet each day for two weeks, after which Mrs. Sharpnack would give me a test to check my progress. After Mrs. Sharpnack helped me go over a few problems that day, it was time for my bus to come. I waved her goodbye. In the following days, I continued staying with Mrs. Sharpnack after class. She went over each problem, carefully explaining the solutions.
Sometimes I still couldn’t understand what she had said. She stayed calm, though, and would think of a different way to explain the answer. The day to take the test came quickly.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：Mrs. Sharpnack handed out test papers.
Paragraph 2：The next morning, Mrs. Sharpnack came in with graded papers.
【答案】Paragraph 1: Mrs. Sharpnack handed out test papers. When I started working, I was nervous. Looking at the test paper, I found the questions were hard and wanted to give up. But then, I remembered how hard we had worked together and how many times Mrs. Sharpnack had said I could make progress. So I kept calm and focused all my attention on the questions, trying to refresh my memory about the examples Mrs. Sharpnack had used. Two hours later, I finished the test and handed the paper back to her.
Paragraph 2: The next morning, Mrs. Sharpnack came in with graded papers. She stood in front of the class and read names on the honor roll. She looked at me with encouragement while reading my name. She smiled with great satisfaction as she looked at me. With surprise on one hand and happiness on the other, tears welled up in my eyes. Things were different after that. I showed an interest in algebra and gradually became quite good at it. I was so thankful to her, who improved not only my study but
also my confidence.
【分析】本文以老师帮我补习数学为线索，讲述了作者对数学成绩感到沮丧，老师坚持帮她补习，最后不仅提高了她的成绩，而且帮她获得了自信。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Mrs. Sharpnack分发试题。”可知，第一段可描写我参加数学考试的情况。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，Mrs. Sharpnack进来时带着批改完的试卷”可知，第二段可描写老师公布考试结果的情况。
2.续写线索：再次参加考试——感到紧张——想起过去的努力——专心答题——公布成绩——感激老师
3.词汇激活
行为类
①集中注意力：focus all one’s attention on /pay more attention to /concentrate on
②上交：hand … back to/hand in
③感兴趣：show an interest in/be interested in
情绪类
①保持平静：kept calm/remain calm
②激动：tears well up in my eyes/feel excited
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Looking at the test paper, I found the questions were hard and wanted to give up.（现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. I was so thankful to her, who improved not only my study but also my confidence. （由关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句）
Passage 6
（2022·山东省实验中学模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A MOTHER’S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother’s Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed. They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge. They had watched their mother in the kitchen. There was nothing to it. Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last. The alarm rang at 6 a.m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil the porridge first. They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast. Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk. Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan. Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread. The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds. Jenna threw the burnt piece into the   sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked. Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly. But the stove was a mess now. Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge. But Jeff’s hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain. Jenna made him put his hand in cold water. Then she caught the smell of burning. Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. Father’s appearing was like a savior to the two children. Under the guidance of their father, they took positive actions and started all over again. They made the bread and then went on cooking porridge. Father helped them adjust the fire, which was the key to success. It was all right this time. Delicious breakfast was ready. How happy they were!
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. When their mother saw the delicious and perfect breakfast in front of her, she was very surprised. It was not only the gift, but the love of the children for her that moved her very much. The two children could finish cooking a breakfast, which she didn’t expect. The children said loudly, “Happy Mother’s Day!” Mother hugged them tightly and kissed them again and again.
【分析】本文以母亲节为线索展开，讲述了双胞胎Jenna和Jeff为了献给母亲一份美味的早餐，自己动手，做起饭餐来，但是不幸的是，他们连连失败，后来在父亲的帮助下，获得成功，他们把早餐献给亲爱的母亲，妈妈非常感动的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现了。”可知，第一段可描写他们的父亲指导帮助他们准备早餐。
②由第二段首句内容“这对双胞胎把早餐端到楼上，叫醒了他们的母亲。”可知，第二段可描写母亲收到孩子们的礼物早餐，非常感动。
2.续写线索：帮助——指导——积极——献礼——感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①帮助：help/assist
②.指导：guide/conduct
③.献礼：present a gift/give a gift
情绪类
①.积极：positive/positively/take positive actions
②.感动：moved/touched
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Father helped them adjust the fire, which was the key to success. (which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]. It was not only the breakfast, but the love of the children for her that moved her very much. (使用not only…but (also)句型及强调句型)
Passage 7
（2021·山东师范大学附中模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Pam Bales planned a six-hour hike through New Hampshire^ Mount. On the dashboard （汽车仪表板） was a detailed plan ensuring she could return before the arrival of some forecasted bad weather. Different from former hike, though, this time, she had packed for almost every accident and intended to walk alone.
At about 8 a.m., she'd checked the weather forecast. Bales knew from experience that her hike was realistic. Besides, she had two emergency plans and extra layers of clothing to better protect her core temperature as conditions changed.
Bales felt excited as she walked up into snowy paths. She was wearing a fleece tank top （绒衣）and hiking pants, and no gloves or hat because the air was mild. Thirty minutes later, she climbed into colder air and deeper snows. She now was in a quarter-zip fleece top and gloves. At 10 a.m.? the weather was showing its teeth. Bales added more layers to resist cold winds and dense fog. Making her way across the snow-covered ridge, she noticed something: a single set of footprints made by a pair of sneakers. Not giving them much thought, she walked on.
By 11 a.m.? Bales was getting cold. She decided to return to her car. On her way down, she again spotted the sneaker tracks, which suddenly made a hard left-hand turn off the trail. Now she felt genuinely alarmed. She was sure the hiker lost his way in the low visibility. If Bales continued to follow the tracks, she'd add risk and time to her return. But she couldn't let this go. She turned to the left and called out, “Hello!" Nothing.
Bales followed the tracks, rounded a slight comer and saw a man sitting motionless. He wore tennis sneakers, shorts, a light jacket and fingerless gloves. His skin was pale and he had a glazed （呆滞的）look on his face. uOh5 hello/5 Bales approached and said, "What's your name?” The man didn't react. Obviously, nothing was connecting for him and he was in really big trouble.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Bales stopped being a curious and concerned hiker, and began a full-on rescue mission.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Over the next hour, the man began to move and speak.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
Bales stopped being a curious and concerned hiker, and began a full-on rescue mission. Immediately, she braved the increasingly wild and fierce weather to take off the outer layers of her clothes to cover the motionless man. And then Bales tried to help the man have some hot water but in vain. At the very helpless and even hopeless moment, an idea occurred to her. Quickly collecting some ice and snow, she began to rub the man’s body, from hands to arms, from toes to legs. Bales knew clearly it was time-consuming and painstaking, but it was bound to be effective.
Over the next hour, John began to move and speak. He first showed the sign of movement through his fingers, and then opened his eyes. In a weak voice, he thanked Bales and told her how he lost his way and was trapped here. Bales kept warming him up until he signaled he could walk. With the support of Bales, the man finally managed it back to the car and was sent to the hospital timely. Out of danger, he said gratefully but for Bales’ experience and skilled rescue, he would never see the beauty of the world.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Bales计划6个小时内独自登雪山，在登山前Bales做了非常详细的准备，可是在登山途中发现了别人的脚印，疑似是有人走丢了，Bales没有独自离开，而是寻着脚印寻找到了一个男人，此时男人已经一动不动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Bales不再是一个好奇和担心的徒步旅行者，开始了全面的救援任务。”可知，第一段可描写Bales想帮助这个男人，开始采取救援措施。
②由第二段首句内容“在接下来的一个小时里，John开始走动并说话了。”可知，第二段可描写被救的男人John恢复意识后，感谢Bales的救援。
2.续写线索：发现男人——采取援救措施——男人获救——感谢Bales
3.词汇激活
行为类
①冒风险：brave/take risks
②尝试帮忙：try to help/attempt to help
③想起一个主意：an idea occurs to sb./come up with an idea
情绪类
①费力的：painstaking/arduous②感激地：gratefully/appreciatively
【点睛】[高分句型1]. In a weak voice, he thanked Bales and told her how he lost his way and was trapped here.（由省略连接词that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. Bales kept warming him up until he signaled he could walk.（由until引导时间状语从句）
Passage 8
（2021·山东泰安·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sometimes things may seem beyond our efforts, but keep on and you will find beautiful views in front of you.
I was on my second outdoor experience trip that every student had to go on. That year, we had a choice of what difficulty level we wanted: one through five. My friends and I had agreed that one would make us seem lazy and that challenging ourselves would make for a good story. In choosing level two, we believed that it would still be a fun experience.
We were quickly proven wrong.
The further we drove into the White Mountains, the higher the walls on either side of the winding highway grew. I was still in awe of the mountains I had seen so many times before, but I couldn’t help feeling my heart shaking with anxiety. Soon I would have to leave the school bus that brought 50 students out into the wilderness like every year before.
My group consisted of my friends, Riley and Ann, and six extremely athletic boys. We arrived at base camp lodge (木屋) first. After putting things aside and rearranging our bags, we made our way out into the wilderness.
The three of us girls were questioning if this was really a level two. The path was unbelievably steep (陡峭) and rocky toward the top of the mountain where the first hut was located. We were practically jogging in an attempt to keep up with the boys ahead of us. Before the trip, we were told to take breaks as often as we needed to drink water, but that wasn’t helping our pounding hearts and heavy breathing as much as it should have.
Then, 30 minutes into the most difficult hike the three of us had ever done, Riley slipped and landed on her knee. After a few moments, we turned back down the mountain as it was decided that Riley could not make the trip with us. We sat on the grass outside the lodge where we had started while Riley was brought inside to join the level one group. Ann and I exchanged breathless glances, our cheeks red and wet with sweat.
注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Do you think we should ask if we could join the level one group too?” I asked Ann.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next days, although extremely tired, we kept on.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
“Do you think we should ask if we could join the level one group too?” I asked Ann. “I know you won’t,” she breathed out. “I won’t!” I said to myself, looking at the awesome mountains in the distance. Then we started up the steep and rocky path again, attempting to keep up with the boys. Our bags felt heavier; legs burned; backs hurt; tears threatened to spill over our sweat-covered eyes. I wanted nothing more than to turn back and leave right then and there. But, I couldn’t; I didn’t want to be someone who gave up easily.
Paragraph 2:
The next days, although extremely tired, we kept on. Ann and I still found ourselves lagging behind the boys. Instead of embarrassment, I felt as though I was gaining more out of the trip than anyone else. As the boys ran, Ann and I hung back and took breaks, drinking water and admiring the deep green valleys from high above. Level two was fun, too. And eventually we made it to the destination. Facing the beautiful views in front of us, I exchanged a glance with Ann, both of us beaming.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和朋友参加远足活动。为了挑战自己，他们选择了二级小组，途中遇到了很多困难，一度想要放弃。但是作者和朋友互相鼓励，不愿意放弃，最终虽然筋疲力尽，但是到达了目的地。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我问安：“你认为我们应该问一下我们是否也可以加入一级小组吗？””可知，第一段可描写作者和朋友相互鼓励，不愿意放弃。
②由第二段首句内容“接下来的几天，虽然筋疲力尽，我们还是继续。”可知，第二段可描写作者和朋友继续前行直至目的地。
2.续写线索：选择二级小组——遇到困难——想要退缩——咬牙坚持——到达目的地
3.词汇激活
行为类
①加入：join/become a member of/be a part of
②继续：keep on/go on/continue
③成功：make it/succeed/ be victorious
情绪类
①欣赏：admire/appreciate/enjoy
②开心：beam/smile/ be delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1]“I won’t!”   I said to myself, looking at the awesome mountains in the distance.（现在分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2] I didn’t want to be someone who gave up easily. （由关系代词who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型3] As the boys ran, Ann and I hung back and took breaks, drinking water and admiring the deep green valleys from high above.（as引导的时间状语从句）
Passage 9
（2021·江苏江苏·二模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一 篇完整的短文。
I was still a thief when I met Anil. And though only 15, I was an experienced and fairly successful hand.
Anil was about 25—a tall, thin fellow—and he looked easy-going, kind and simple enough for my purpose. I might be able to get into his confidence.
I gave him my most appealing smile. “I want to work for you.” I said.
“But I can't pay you.”
Perhaps I had misjudged the man. I asked, “Can you feed me?”
“Can you cook?”
“I can cook.” I lied.
“If you can cook, then I can feed you.”
The meal I cooked that night must have been terrible because Anil gave it to a stray dog and old me to be off. But I just hung around smiling in my most appealing way, and he couldn't help laughing.
Later he patted me on the head and said never mind, he'd teach me to cook. He also taught me to write my name and said he would soon teach me to write whole sentences and to add numbers. I was grateful. I knew that once I could write like an educated man there would be no limit to what I could achieve.
One evening he came home with a small bundle of notes, saying he had just sold a book to a publisher. At night, I saw him put the money under the mattress (床垫).
It's time I did some real work, I told myself. After all, he doesn't even pay me.
Anil was asleep. I crept up to the bed. Anil was sleeping peacefully. My hand slid under the mattress, searching for the notes. When I found them, I drew them out without a sound. Anil sighed in his sleep and turned on his side, towards me. I was frightened and quickly crawled out of the room.
I began to run, holding the notes by the string of my pajamas (睡衣). But I slowed down and sat down in the shelter of the clock tower. I should go back to Anil, I told myself, if only to learn to read and write.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I hurried back to the room feeling very nervous.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I awoke late next morning to find that Anil had already made the tea.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I hurried back to the room feeling very nervous. It is much easier to steal something than to return it undetected. I opened the door quietly, then stood in the doorway, in clouded moonlight. Anil was still asleep. I crept to the head of the bed, my hand coming up with the notes. I felt his breath on my hand. I remained still for a minute. Then my hand found the edge of the mattress, and slipped under it with the notes.
I awoke late next morning to find that Anil had already made the tea. He stretched out his hand towards me with a note between his fingers. My heart sank. I thought I had been discovered. “I made some money yesterday,” he explained. “Now you’ll be paid regularly.” My spirits rose. “Today we’ll start writing sentences.” he said. He knew. But neither his lips nor his eyes showed anything. I smiled at Anil in my most appealing way.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者15岁时是个小偷，在和25岁的Anil交往过程中，自己认为能获得Anil的信任，他给Anil打工，Anil教他文化，但不给他工钱，因为贪财，作者偷了Anil的钱，最后经过思想斗争，又偷偷把那些钱还了回去，Anil假装不知，从那之后，Anil定期发给作者报酬，作者改过自新的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我匆忙回到房间，感到非常紧张。”可知，第一段可描写作者把钱还回去的过程，以及不想被Anil发现的紧张情绪。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上我醒得很晚，发现Anil已经泡好茶了。”可知，第二段可描写Anil和作者谈心，两人都心照不宣，Anil要给作者定期报酬，作者改过自新。
2.续写线索：归还——紧张——偷偷地——谈心——轻松快乐——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①归还：return it/give it back
②谈心：talk to each other/explain
情绪类
①紧张：feel nervous/be tense/not easy
②偷偷地：quietly/secretly
③轻松的：relaxed/light-hearted/smile at sb.
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I crept to the head of the bed, my hand coming up with the notes.(独立主格结构)
[高分句型2]. He stretched out his hand towards me with a note between his fingers.(with接复合宾语)
Passage 10
（2021·广东汕头·二模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头话续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After an exhausting day, Jack wandered in the street, smiling while thinking of his students. Jack was a respectable and considerate teacher while his students took good care of him, too.
Suddenly, a familiar figure flashed into Jack's eyes. It was Mark, his junior high school teacher. With thrill, Jack dashed forward, greeting enthusiastically, “Mark, how are you?” Taking out his presbyopia (老花镜)，Mark studied the passionate young man in front of him, hesitated for a moment, and got confused, “Sorry? Have we met before? ”
Not disappointed at all, Jack introduced himself in delight, "Sorry, Mark. I'm Jack Smith, from Class 2, Grade 8, graduating from Kevin Junior High School in 2001. Now I'm a teacher." Hearing the words, Mark was puzzled but also delighted, asking a series of questions, “Why can't I remember you? Are you a teacher now?" In spite of poor eyesight, Mark did have such a brilliant memory that he could even remember almost all his students,
“Well, in fact, you only took charge of our class for only one day, and something happened that day. I became a teacher because of your inspiration/'
The old Mark, curious, kept raising questions such as when they met, how he had inspired him to be a teacher, and so on.
“One day, a friend of mine came in with a nice new watch. I was so crazy about it that I decided to take it and I did. After a short while, my friend found it disappear and immediately reported to the teacher, you, who happened to be in charge of our class for that day because our teacher was ill”
A mixture of emotions floated in Jack's eyes on recalling the shameful history. That day, Mark came and told the whole class that someone in the class could not find his watch and whoever took it, please return it. Jack was too frightened to hand it in.
注意：
1..续写词数应为150左右；
2.清按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then, Mark closed the door and told all students to get up.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But Mark kept searching everyone's pockets.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】            Then, Mark closed the door and told all students to get up. He asked the students to face the wall and covered their eyes with handkerchiefs. Then he searched the students’ pockets one by one. When Mark found the watch from Jack’s pocket, Jack was afraid and ashamed with no place to hide himself. He thought that he would be condemned and punished by Mark, despised by his classmates and branded with a bad mark that would never be erased in his life…
But Mark kept searching everyone’s pockets. Until he finished searching all the students’ pockets, Jack realized it was not what he thought. Mark returned the watch that was found in Jack's pocket to the owner, and then told the students to sit back and continue with his class. Until Jack left school after graduation, the theft of watch was never mentioned or passed on. It was not only compassion and wisdom, but also a kind of selfless help. Jack would never forget and be grateful for it.
【分析】本文以一块手表为线索展开，讲述了一个学生Jack对老师Mark的感恩。Jack偷了同学的新手表，老师Mark在学生身上搜查一遍，找到手表交给失主，没有张扬Jack的偷窃行为。展示了老师Mark给人容身的空间，与人转身的台阶，教育中不止有慈悲和智慧，更有一个扬善救失的高超的境界。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后，Mark关上门，叫所有的学生都起来。”可知，第一段可描写Mark搜查的过程以及Jack的害怕和羞愧。
②由第二段首句内容“但Mark一直在搜每个人的口袋。”可知，第二段可描写Mark搜查完毕全体学生后把手表交换施主，继续上课，没有张扬，以及Jack的无限感激与教育感悟。
2.续写线索：搜查——害怕——归还——继续上课——感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①搜查：search/look for/seek
②归还：give back/return
③继续上课：go on with his class/continue with his class
情绪类
① 害怕：be afraid/fear/ be scared
②感谢：showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. He thought that he would be condemned and punished by Mark, despised by his classmates and branded with a bad mark that would never be erased in his life…(that引导的宾语从句和that引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]. Until Jack left school after graduation, the theft of watch was never mentioned or passed on. (until引导的时间状语从句)