高考英语一轮复习（全国通用版） 主题词汇&阅读 专题10+文化习俗与传统节日-试卷

话题十 文化习俗与传统节日

第一部分 话题词汇积累

单词&短语

1.march n.&v.______________    2.mask n.______________

3.mass n.adj.______________    4.mature adj.______________

5.activity n.______________     6.media n.______________

7.melt v.______________     8.memorial adj.______________

9.mend v.______________     10.mercy n.______________

11.custom n.______________    12.metal n.______________

13.mild adj.______________     14.symbol n.______________

15.feast n.______________     16.miserable adj.______________

17.model n.______________     18.military adj.______________

19.minority n.______________    20.monitor n.______________

21.monument n._____________    22.mop n.______________

23.mosquito n.______________    24.motto n.______________

25.mourn v.______________     26.muddy adj.______________

27.multicultural adj.______________   28.muscle n.______________

29.mutual adj.______________    30.mysterious adj.______________

31.mountainous adj.______________

32.______________n.&v.市场；销路；推销；交易；行情

33.______________n.婚姻；结婚；婚姻生活

34.______________n.&v.能手；大师；精通；掌握

35.______________n.&v.比赛；对手；火柴；相称；相匹敌

36.______________n.材料；素材；物质；原料

37.______________v.有关系；要紧；重要，n.事情

38.______________adj.有意义的；重要的；意味深长的

39.______________adv.与此同时；在此期间

40.______________n.奖章；勋章；奖牌

41.______________adj.思想上的；精神的；脑力的；内心的

42.______________n.&v.提及；说到；提名；谈及

43.______________adv.仅仅；只不过

44.______________n.口信；消息；要旨；信息v.发消息

45.______________n.方法；办法；手段

46.______________adj.谦虚的；不太大的；适中的；端庄的

47.______________n.镜子v.反映；映照；反射

48.______________n.误会；误解；不和；争执；分歧

49.______________adj.现代的；近代的；现代化的；最新的

50.______________adj.&adv.每月的；按月的；每月；每月一次

51.______________adj.道德的n.道德规范，寓意

52.一种交通方式_______________________________

53.吃药_______________________________

54.作为对……的纪念_______________________________

55.将某事记在心中(mind)_______________________________

56.the moment/minute_______________________________

57.错误地_______________________________

58.心情好_______________________________

59.make the most of/get the most out of_______________________________

60.采取安全措施_______________________________

61.春节_______________________________

62.the Lantern Festival_______________________________

63.the Tomb-sweeping Day________________________________

64.the Dragon Boat Festival_______________________________

65.the Mid-autumn Day/Festival_______________________________

66.the Double-ninth Day_______________________________

67.探亲访友_______________________________

68.temple fair_______________________________

69.folk artists_______________________________

70.赏月_______________________________

词汇拓展

1.match n.火柴；比赛；竞赛；敌手；旗鼓相当的人(或物)v.般配；相配；相同；找相称(或相关)的人(或物);配对

He struck a______________.他划了一根火柴。

It rained and therefore the football______________was postponed.足球赛因为下雨此而延期了，

Our value system does not______________with their value system.

我们的价值体系和他们的并不相同。

They played some fine attacking football, but I think we______________them in every respect.

他们的攻势足球踢得不错，不过我认为我们各方面和他们比起来都不逊色。

The students are asked to______________the books with the authors.

要求学生把书籍与作者对应起来。

2.mend v.修理；修补；缝补；织补；弥合(分歧);解决(争端)n.修补；好转；痊愈

They took a long time to______________the roof.他们花了很长时间修缮屋顶。

I should have had the catch______________,but never got round to it.

我原本应该修好这个窗钩的，却一直没能抽出时间来。

You'll______________.The X-rays show that your arm will heal all right.

你会康复的。X光照片显示你的胳膊能够较好地复原

The baby had been poorly but seemed on the______________.

宝宝生病了，但似乎正在好起来。

【辨析】 mend;repair;fix区别

mend:通常指较简单的修复过程，一般不需要专门技术或特殊工具。如衣服、鞋袜、伞和桌椅等整体物体上的裂缝、破洞。

repair可与mend换用，但一般指需要较高的职业技能和使用较复杂的工具进行修理。常指大件或构造较复杂的事物，如钟表、收音机、汽车和机床等大型物体。或用于修筑堤坝、道路和建筑等。

fix:多用于美语，仅用于带有安装固定性质的修理。如钟表、收音机、机器等。侧重于“安装”“调整”。

活学活用

一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Language is ______________means for the expression of thought.

2.The museum will serve as a memorial ______________the millions who passed through Ellis Island.

3.She has a teenage daughter from a previous______________(marry).

4.Her nails were painted bright red______________(match)her dress.

5.The stockings are so worn out that they can't______________(mend)any more.

二、翻译句子

1.Surely it doesn't matter where charities get their money from:what counts is what they do with it.

___________________________________________________________________

2.我的外套不在那儿，一定是有人拿错了。(by mistake)

___________________________________________________________________

3.我们必须牢记，我们不再是孩子，我们应该独立了。(keep in mind)

___________________________________________________________________

4.端午节是为了纪念中国的一位诗人。(in memory of)

___________________________________________________________________

参考答案

1.行进，行军 2.n.面具v.掩饰，掩盖 3.n.团，块；大量adj.大规模的 4.成熟的 5.活动 6.新闻媒体，传媒7.(使)融化，(使)熔化 8.adj.纪念的n.纪念物，纪念碑9.修理，修补 10.仁慈，怜悯，宽恕 11.风俗习惯 12.金属13.温和的，温暖的，轻微的 14.象征 15.宴会 16.悲惨的，可怜的 17.模型，型号，模范 18.军事的，军用的19.少数，少数民族 20.n.班长v.监控，监视 21.纪念碑，纪念馆 22.n.拖把v.擦掉 23.蚊子 24.座右铭；格言 25.哀悼 26.泥泞的 27.多元文化的 28.肌肉29.相互的，共同的 30.神秘的，不可思议的 31.多山的32.market 33.marriage 34.master 35.match 36.material37.matter 38.meaningful 39.meanwhile 40.medal 41.mental 42.mention 43.merely 44.message45.method/means 46.modest 47.mirror 48.misunderstanding 49.modern 50.monthly 51.moral52.a means of transportation 53. take medicine 54.in memory of 55. keep/bear sth. in mind 56.一……就…… 57.by mistake 58.in a good mood 59.充分利用60. take safety measures 61. the Spring Festival/Chinese New Year 62.元宵节 63.清明节 64.端午节 65.中秋节 66.重阳节 67.pay a visit to/visit relatives and friends 68.庙会 69.民间艺人 70.enjoy the full moon

词汇拓展

1.match;match;match;match;match

2.mend;mended;mend;mend

活学活用

一、1.a 2.to 3.marriage 4.to match 5.be mended

二、1.慈善机构从哪里筹得捐款的确无关紧要：关键是钱是怎么花的。

2.My coat isn't there, someone must have taken it by mistake.

3.We must keep in mind that we are not children anymore,and we should be independent.

4.The Dragon Boat Festival is in memory of a Chinese poet.

第二部分 话题阅读训练

（A）语法填空

May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially     61      the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate     62       festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.

The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society     63       (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the     64       (large) tea-producing country, China has a     65       (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a     66       (share) future for mankind,” he said.

The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation     67       cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.

    68       (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,     69       (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.

The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening     70       (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.

61. by 62 the 63. addressed 66. largest 65. responsibility 66. shared 67. and 68. To strengthen 69. inviting 50. its

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。

61. by。考查介词。句意：2019年11月47日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。

62. the。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。

65. addressed。考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。

64. largest。考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。

65. responsibility。考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。

66. shared。考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。

67. and。考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。

68. To strengthen。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。

69. inviting。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。

70. its。考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。

（B）阅读理解

What is art? That's an easy question to answer. Art is a painting, a drawing or a sculpture. Now there are new items to add to the list. Art is a dead shark in a glass case. Art is an unmade bed. Art is a video of a group of people standing completely still for sixty minutes.

A new group of young artists began to produce work that challenged the accepted idea of what art is and the role the artist should play in society. This group came to be known as the YBAs-the Young British Artists. The art of the YBAs does not just stick to painting and sculpture. It uses all kinds of differenl materials to express the feeling of the artist.

Damien Hirst is the most famous of the YBAs. The shark in the box is his work and is meant to express his own fear of dying. The shark stands for death. Right now, it is harmless. But eventually it will come for you. There is nothing to be done about it.

Traditionally, artists have a message. They use their skills to lead us to enlightenment (启迪)。 The message of the YBAs is that they cannot do this. They are just as mixed up and confused as everybody else. A journalist once asked Damien Hirst what his next idea was for an artwork. “I don't know what I'm going to do next. I never know what I'm going to do next,” he replied.

Another YBA, Tracy Emin recently produced a work called “Bed”. This is just her own bed with the sheets disarranged and dirty. And the message?“Look at me-I'm a mess.”

Some artists work with the public in producing their work. Gillian Wearing filmed a group of people dressed as policemen trying to keep still for 60 minutes while standing on top of a table. At the end of that time, the table falls apart and everyone falls to the floor. You can try to be a good citizen and a respectable member of the community. But don't try too hard or the pressure will be too much.

Art mirrors the state of society. In the work of the YBAs we can see a society on the threshold(开端) of the future-a bit worried, a bit excited and wondering what is going to happen next. The YBAs can't guide us, but they can make the journey more interesting.

5.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. The shark.

B. Death.

C. Damien's artwork.

D. Damien's fear of dying.

6.What can be inferred from Tracy's work “Bed”？

A. She needs to be taken care of.

B. She sees the world as a dirty one.

C. She compares herself to the bed.

D. She hopes for better living conditions.

7.Which of the following refers to a person who tries too hard in Gillian's work?

A. The table.

B. The floor.

C.60 minutes.

D. The people dressed as policemen.

8. What is the main purpose of the text?

A. To explain what the work of the YBAs is like.

B. To show how the YBAs form ideas for their work.

C. To describe the YBAs as artists full of imagination.

D. To show the YBAs have made a great difference in art.

答案:

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一群英国青年艺术家以及他们的作品形式和意义。

5.B[指代判断题。根据第三段中的“The shark in the box is his work and is meant to express his of dying. The shark stands for death.(《盒子里的鲨鱼》是他的作品，是为了表达他对死亡的恐惧。鲨鱼代表死亡。)”可推知，it 指代代“death”。故选B.]

6.C [推理判断题。根据第五段中的“This is just her own bed with the sheets disarranged and dirty. And the message ?’ Look at me-I'm a mess.'(这只是她自己的床，床单又乱又脏。那信息呢？＇看看我，我一团糟。＇)”可推知，T(特蕾西)是将自己比作床。故选C.]

7.A [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Gillian Wearing filmed a group of people ...the table falls apart and everyone falls to the floor.(吉莉安·韦林拍摄了一群人装扮成警察站在桌子上保持静止60分钟的视频。在这段时间结束时，桌子散了，所有人都倒在了地板上。)”可知，在Gillian的作品中，站在桌子上的人和所站的时间表示压力，桌子则为压力的承受者。故选A.]

8.A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A new group of young artists began...be known as the YBAs-the Young British Artists.(一群新的年轻艺术家开始创作作品，挑战了人们对艺术是什么以及艺术家在社会中应该扮演的角色的公认观念。这个团体后来被称为YBAs-英国青年艺术家。)”以及下文中的例子可推知，本文通过三个实例，主要介绍YBAs的作品是什么样的。故选A.]

（C）七选五

Food is a deeply rooted expression of identity, values and ways of life.  1  That is, eating is an element of common ground in terms of human existence and an experience that brings people together. Food is family treasure in the way recipes are passed on from one generation to another, maintaining family connection and cultural and geographical ancestral links.

Food is an expression. What we cook is an expression of who we are and where we come from.  2  The traditional meals of a place touch on identity and ancestry. Every destination has a dish or cuisine associated with it, which is fixed on culture and identity.

You may not know it, but that is why experiencing the local dishes of a new place usually tops one's to do list in a foreign land.  3  It is one of the interactions and processes of connecting with the people.

Food is symbolic. Home is where the heart is and in sensory response to food, familiar flavor arouses homesickness.  4  The ordinary smell of food takes one back to particular times in the past. The beautiful and merry essence of eating with family and friends from home adds to the pleasant tastes of meals.

5  Food and food habits serve as a culture channel of display of affection and emotional association and the sharing of delicious, nutritional food signals a bridge of closeness and acceptance.

A. Accepting food is hard.

B. Eating food is a universal experience.

C. Food is largely cultural as well as nutritional.

D. Food is therefore a reminder of fond memories of home.

E. Eating a local dish is a way to connect with the local people.

F. Food, however, sometimes gives us bad emotional experiences.

G. This is obvious in how seafood is popular with the coastal people.

1.__________     2. __________     3. __________     4. __________     5. __________    

答案:

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食物与文化的关系。

1.B [根据下文“That is, eating is an element of common ground in terms of human existence and an experience that brings people together.(也就是说，吃是人类存在的共同基础，是一种让人们走到一起的体验。)”可知，下文是对设空处的解释。B项(吃东西是一种普遍的体验。)切题。故选B.]

2.G [根据上文“What we cook is an expression of who we are and where we come from.(我们所烹饪的食物显示了我们的身份和出处)。”可知，设空处解释食物与人们身份和出处的关系。G项(这从海鲜受沿海人们的喜爱就可以看出。)切题。故选G.]

3.E [根据上文“You may not know it, but that is why experiencing the local dishes of a new place usually tops one's to do list in a foreign land.(你可能不知道，但这就是为什么在异国他乡体验当地美食通常是最重要的事情。)”和下文“It is one of the interactions and processes of connecting with the people.(它是一种与人联系的互动和过程。)”可知，设空处说明当地美食的重要意义是什么。E项(品尝当地菜肴是与当地人交流的一种方式。)切题。故选E.]

4.D [根据上文“Home is where the heart is and in sensory response to food, familiar flavor arouses homesickness.(家是心的所在地，在对食物的感官反应中，熟悉的味道会引起乡愁。)”可知，设空处说明食物和家乡的关系。D项(因此，食物能唤起人们对家乡的美好回忆。)切题。故选D.]

5.C [根据下文可知，食物和饮食习惯是表达情感和情感联系的文化渠道，而分享美味、营养的食物则是亲密和接受的桥梁。C项(食物在很大程度上既是具有文化性的，也是营养的。)切题。故选C.]