【暑假高三预备】新高考地区英语高二（升高三）暑假专项-第19讲 书面表达之读后续写 讲学案

第19讲书面表达之读后续写讲与练

【学习目标】

1.能够准确恰当使用词汇和语言结构

2.把控语篇结构，创造性思维

【基础知识】

1.高考英语读后读写试题特点

所谓读后续写即供以内材料求考生依据该材料内容,所给段落开头造和所标关键词进行续写(150词左右)情节结构完整的短文。

(1)原文材料350词以内，所续写文章150词左右:

(2)原文多是情节丰富的记叙文，偶有议论文:

(3)原文给出10处左右标有下划线的关键词语，所续写知文座使用5个以上。

(4)续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已经给出:

(5)续写部分两大类别:半开放性质，必须依据文章的语境逻辑推理续写:究全开放性质，可以依据文章的思路自己发挥。

评分参考:

阅卷时主要考虑以下内容:

(1)与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度;

(2)内容的丰富性和对所给关键词语的应用情况;

(3)应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性;

(4)上下文的连贯性。

2.高考英语读后续写考查能力

读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的考查形式，旨在考查考生的综合语言运用能力。与应用文写作不同，故事续写除了考查考生掌握的词汇和句式是否丰富外，还注重考查考生的内容构思和情节衔接的能力。读后续写题对考生能力的考查主要聚焦在以下四个方面:

(1)把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。考生需要了解所给短文的主要内容，清楚其关键词和语言结构的使用情况，并通过续写短文表现出来，

(2)语言运用的准确性和丰富性。期望考生在词汇和语言结构的使用方面准确，恰当，能够根据内容需要使用较高级的词汇和语言结构，

(3)对语结构的把控。考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的掌握情况，希望考生续写的短文语句连贯。有序。

(4)创造性思维。这是对考生续写短文内容的要求，期望考生续写的短文具有较丰富的内容。该试题具有一定的开放性，要求考生详细、生动地描述情景、态度和感情，符合课程标准的要求。

3.高考英语读后续写特点

读后续写，简言之，就是阅读完一篇还未写完的文章之后，根据要求和提示把这篇文章未写完的部分补充完整，使之浑然一体，它一方面可以很好地考查考生对所学语言知识的实际运用能力，另一方面，它有助于培养考生的发散思维能力。考生在续写文章时，要注意续写部分与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度，内容的丰富性和对所标出关键词语的应用情况，应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性以及上下文的连贯性。我们会发现读后续写有如下特点:

(1)读后续写不是随心所欲，是要在引导语(开头语)和关键词的帮助下完成续写部分。这些关键词语类似于传统写作中的要点提示，如人物、地点、事件，但是不同点在于这些关键词语并不是全用这样，考生就有很大的自主权。另外，所续写部分不能脱离各自段落的开头语，即不能另起炉灶，这些开头语与传统写作中的开头语类似，在某种程度上引导考生的思路向某方面发展，

2)续写短文多以记叙文或者夹叙夹议类文章为主,故事情节曲折,但是故事线索的逻辑性比强。这样考生能够根据提示词语，顺着原来文章的思路续写文章，并适当发挥。

读后续写要求读写并重。与阅读理解题一样，读后续写同样需要对所给文章精确理解,这样写部分才不至于偏离主题，就这方面而言，有点类似阅读理解题中对文章后续发展的推断，如What would happen next?

(4)所续写文章的思路和内容并不一定是唯一的，考生可以根据自己的理解对文章的结尾做出不同的诠释。

【考点剖析】

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数的为150左右。

It was summer,and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.

We took a plane to Albuquerque,a big city in the state of New Mexico.We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul,my dad’s friend,picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his in Pecos.

His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning,Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast“The day starts at dawn on my farm,"he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens,while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze(吃草).I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.

In the afternoon,I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride,and he said yes.as long as my dad went with me. I wasn’t going to take a horse ride by myself anyway. So,my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats,got on our horses,and headed slowly toward the mountains.“Don't be late for supper, le Paul cried,“and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost!”“OK!"my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brow ks,the deep green pine trees,and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked li beautiful woven(编织的)blanket spread out upon the ground just for us. Paragraph 1:

Paragraph 1:

Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front ofmy horse.                                                      

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Paragraph 2:

  We had no idea where we were and it got dark._____________________________________________________

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思路点拨

段落大意  ·假期期间，作者和爸爸去乡下Uncle Paul的农场玩，并和爸爸一起在农场骑马;

·续写第一段:骑马的过程中,突然跳出来一只兔子;

·续写第二段:作者和爸爸不知他们在哪里。

关键词 lost,sight dad,uncle Paul, farm house, river,feed,sheep,late, track, get lost,sight

续写依据: 度假骑马游玩途中遭遇问题，想办法解决问题

首先,骑马的过程中遇到情况，突然跳出来一只兔子，这属于突发情况。再根据续写第二段给出的首句可知他们迷路了，可以推测出整个故事的情节构思:作者和爸爸在追逐兔子的过程中，看到其他的景色,在不知不觉中迷路了。在第一段的续写中，可以适当增加环境、动作以及作者心理活动的描绘，尤其是当兔子突然跳出来后，马儿受惊的过程可以详细描绘。

第二段的续写主要介绍作者迷路之后到得救的具体过程，情节设计应做到合情合理。例如，作者和爸爸积极自救，听到河水流淌的声音，联想到生活常识，一般有水的地方会有人居住。同时也要构思 Uncle Paul等亲人对作者和爸爸的挂念以及他们为寻找作者和爸爸所付出的努力。一直到故事的结尾，作者和爸爸终于回到了家。这一段也可以描绘作者盒爸爸在寻找回家的路时的心理历程，比如作者的焦虑，爸爸的冷静等。

另外，除了情节方面的内容需要斟酌外，考生也需要注意语言运用的丰富程度，比如语法结构的多样性、词汇的丰富性、衔接成分的恰当性、语言与场景的契合度等，考生应该尽量利用高级词汇和句式，从而避免句式单一，文章单调乏味。

※范文展示 Paragraph 1:

Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front ofmy horse. Dad and I found it was so cute that we de cided to chase it.After a while,we completely got lost in the forest. There was nothing left in our sight but the trees.“We may not be able to make it back to the farm house in time for supper,”I thought to myself. After some fruitless attempts to find a way out,we felt hungry and tired.

 Paragraph 2:

We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. We got stuck in the forest.What was worse,an un- expected shower added to the difficulty of us in finding a way home---all the tracks we had made disappeared be cause of the rain.I was almost on the edge of breaking down when my father said,“Don't worry,my son. remember there is a river near the farm house.Find the river and we will be back home.”Finally,we found the river and got back to the house along it. Needless to say,we ate a late dinner.

4.高考英语读后续写步骤

(1)精读文章,确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等。

(2)拟写草稿，修改错词、病句。在确定思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用使上下文连贯。

(3)按要求词数写作，最后在誊写文字时，务必做到字迹工整、清晰。

【真题演练】

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应

为150左右。

On a bright,warm July afternoon,Mac Hollan,a primary school teacher,was cycling from his heo to Alaska with his friends.One of his friends had stopped to make a bicyele repair.but they had encor aged Mac to carry on,and they would catch up with him soon. As Mac pedaled(骑行)along alone, thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters at home. He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday.

Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him.“Man,that's a big dog!”he thought. But when he looked to the side,he saw instantly that it wasn’t a dog at all,but a wolf,quickly catching up with him.

Mac's heart jumped. He found out his can of bear spray. With one hand on the bars,he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal,and to Mac’s relief,it fell back,shaking its head. But a minute later, it was by his side again.Then it attacked the back of Mac’s bike,tearing open his tent bag.He fired at the wolf a second

time,and again,it fell back only to quickly restart the chase(追赶).

Mac was pedaling hard now.He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. He saw a steep uphill climb before him.He knew that once he hit the hill,he’d be easily caught up and the wolf's teeth would be tearing into his flesh.

At this moment;Paul and Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They didn't think uch of it when they saw two eyelists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later,they spotted hat they too,assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got closer,they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him.He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast just a dozen yards away now.

 Paragraph 1:The car abruptly stopped in front of him.

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Paragraph 2:

A few minutes later,the other two cyclists arrived.__________________________________________________

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※思路点拨

首先，通过阅读确定所提供语言材料的核心信息，包括核心单词、短语和句子等，目的是梳理故事的发展脉络和推进方向。本步骤的关键在于高效的阅读，要求考生在尽可能短的时间内，基于对语言的掌握，利用分析综合、分类比较、归纳演绎、抽象概括等逻辑思维技能，去洞穿语篇的脉络，积极寻找信息。

本篇续写给出的材料主要讲述的是:Mac两个朋友去骑行,一个朋友自行车坏了，另一个人留下帮忙修车，他们鼓励Mac一个人继续骑行。在Mac独自前行过程中，突然跑出一匹狼紧追不舍，Mac用了防熊喷雾但没有太大作用。狼和他的距离越来越近;Paul和Becky开车路过，看到了这一幕……

其次，对于所标出的关键词语进行分类并选择性地加以有效利用。

Characters Mac.triends.Paul

Actions jump,pedal.climb

Things wolf, bicycle,cars ,home

续写材料第一段所给的首句是The car abruply stopped in front of him,在续写中应抓住 the car. stopped 这几个关键词,发挥丰富的想象.把Becky和Paul停车后如何在千钧一之际拯救 Mac的过程写得趣味横生又合乎情理。

第二段所给的首句 A few minutes later.the other two cyclists arrived.,要起派上启下的作用。朋友到达之后看到什么、听到什么并做了什么，最后应该提炼一些有思想性、体现价值观和传递正能量的元素(如珍爱生命、学会合作或感激等),以提升文章的档次。

在确定了思路和内容之后，拟写草稿时，要注意句子结构的多样性和语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用使上下文连贯。

写作关键点在于这次续写可以着重从心理、场景两方面入手。根据所给关键词建立情节与内容支架，根据“协同效应”原理，注意语言协同与内容协同，如心理变化:happyterrified...场景;satisfying,ur gent,nervous,scared 等。

崇范文展示 Paragraph 1:

The car abruptly stopped in front of him."Comeon,get in the car:"Paul shouted and opened the door.Mae jumped off the bike and slided into the car without hesitation as the welf was about to fear Mac into pieces. What a narrow escape!Though Mae was safe ,he still felt the dread stopping the passage of air to his lung,with his legs trembling.After a few minutes,he suddenly shouted.“Oh.my friends are still repairing the bicycle!"Without a second thought,Paul drove the car quickly back to the two cyclists,only to find they were gone.Being enormously worried,they decided to wait for them at Mac's home.

Paragraph 2;

A few minutes later,the other two cyclists arrived“It's nice to see you again. Where did you go?" Mac held his two friends tightly in arms and was in floods of tears.“Good to see you,my friend.I spotted a big dog running on the road when I was repairing my bike.And we hid behind the rock and figured out it was a wolf,so we kept hiding ourselves until it went away."To his relief.Mse said in a relaxing tone“Without these two gentlemen’s help.I would be the dinner of the wolf.so don't let me pedal alone again!

5,高考英语读后续写备考建议

面对读后续写这一写作新题型，在了解了其特点和写作技巧之后，学生只要适量练习，就可以对此新题型做到得心应手。

(1)在做此类文章的试题时，读到适当的位置，可以短暂停止，根据已读部分文章的脉络，发散思维，想可能的几种结尾，最后对照原文的结尾，看自己的设想是否与原文一致。

(2)经常进行训练.针对所读文章的某一段落进行设想。根据某一段落的首句提示。结合文章的上文对该段进行合理设想，具体推断该段可能要讲述的内容。

(3)与传统写作类似，续写文章更要注意句与句之间的连接词，甚至冠词的暗示作用。

(4)进行适量专题化练习。俗话说，熟能生巧。对于读后续写这一新题型也是如此，通过适量的练习，学生可以进一步熟知该题型的特色，更好地掌握该题型的写作技巧，更有效地调动传统写作的基础知识，从而写出一篇优质的续写短文。

(5)在平时的教学中，老师要帮助学生提高创造力和想象力，发表达潜能。读后续写是比概要写作更能体现学生实际英语水平的作文形式，要求学生平时增加阅读量，积累词汇培养语感，提高表达能力。这类题型的文章以记叙为主，建议同学们多读英语经典小说，以提高自身用英语对人物、情节等的表达能力与水平，老师也应注重此类语科的积累与总结，加强学生的写作训练。

【过关检测】

(1)

阅读下面材料据其内容所开续写段之成的短文续写数为150左右。

Bobby was getting cold sitting out in his backyard in the snow.Bobby didn't wear boots; or rather he didn’t own any. The thin sneakers he wore had a few holes in them and they did a poor job of keeping out the cold.

Bobby had been in his backyard for about an hour already. Try as he might he could not come up with an idea for his mother's Christmas gift.He shook his head as he thought,“This is useless. Even if l do come up with an idea,I don't have any money for a gift."

Wiping tears from his eyes.Bobby started walking down to the street where the shops were. It wasn't easy being six without a father especially when he needed a man to talk to.

Bobby walked from shop to shop looking into each decorated window.Everything seemed so beautiful but so out of reach. It was starting to get dark and Bobby reluctantly turned to walk home when suddenly his eyes caught the glimmer(微光)of the setting sun’s rays reflecting on something on the road- side. He reached down and discovered a shinydime(一角硬币)

Never before has anyone felt as wealthy as Bobby did at that moment .As he held his newly-found treasure,warmth spread throughout his entire body and he walked into the first store. His excitement quickly turned cold when salesperson after salesperson told him that he could not buy anything with only a dime.

He saw a flower shop and went inside to wait in line When the shop owner asked if he could help him,Bobby presented the dime and asked if he could buy one flower for his mother's Christmas gift, The shop owner looked at Bobby and his ten-cent offering. Then he put his hand on Bobby's shoulder,saying,“You just wait here and I'll see what I can do for you.”

The sound of the door closing as the last customer left pulled Bobby back to reality. All alone in the shop,Bobby began to feel alone and afraid.

Paragraph 1:

Eventually the shop owner came out and moved to the counter._______________________________________

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Paragraph 2:

With the bunch ofbeautiful roses in his hands,Bobby backed off and then turned and ran.___________________

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【答案】

Paragraph 1:

Eventually the shop owner came out and moved to the counter.There,before Bobby's eyes,lay twelve red roses, with leaves of green and tiny white flowers all tied together with a big silver tape.Bobby's heart sank as the owner placed them gently into a long white box“That will be ten cents， young man.”the shop owner said,reaching out his hand for the dime, Slowly,Bobby moved his hand to give the man his dime. Could this be true? He wondered.

Paragraph 2:

With the bunch of beautiful roses in his hands, Bobby backed off and then,turned and ran. Within minutes,he was at home, still breathless.“Look, Mother, what have I got for you?” Bobby called out in the backyard. Mother came out from inside the house. She could hardly believe her eyes upon seeing the beautiful flowers in front of her.“Merry Christ- mas!”Bobby said and began to tell her everything he had experienced in the flower shop.Tearfully,Moth- er hugged her son in her arms. Standing in the bitter cold air,they somehow didn't feel cold at all.

(2)

阅读下面材料根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成篇整的短文,写的数应为150左右。

The big Town Hall clock was striking midnight when Frank began to cross the bridge. The dark night air was cold and wet, and the street lamps gave little light.Frank was anxious to get home and his footsteps rang loudly on the silent night.

Then he reached the middle of the bridge,he thought he could hear someone coming near behind He looked back but could see no one. However,the sound continued,and Frank began walking more quickly .Then he slowed down again thinking there was nothing to fear in a town as quiet as this. The short,quick steps grew louder until they seemed very near.

Frank found it impossible not to turn round. As he did so,he caught sight of a human form coming towards him. After reaching the other side of the bridge,Frank stopped and pretended to look down at the water. From the corner of his eyes he could now make out the form of a man dressed in a large overcoat. A hat was pulled down over his eyes and very little of his face could be seen.

As the man came near,Frank turned towards him and said something about the weather in an effort to be friendly.The man did not answer but asked roughly where Oakfield House was. Frank pointed to a big house in the distance and the stranger continued his way.

Then Frank wondered why the stranger had wanted to find Oakfield House at such an hour. He knew that the person who lived there was very rich.Almost without realizing what he was doing,Frank began following the stranger quietly.

The man was soon outside the house and Frank saw him look up at the windows. A light was still on,and the man waited until it went out, When about half an hour had passed,Frank saw him climb noise-lessly over the wall and heard him drop onto the ground at the other side.

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Now Frank knew what the man wanted to do._____________________________________________________

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Paragraph 2:

Frank couldn't just stand in the dark and wait.____________________________________________________

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