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【暑假高三预备】新高考地区英语高二（升高三）暑假专项-第17完形填空 讲学案
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这是一份【暑假高三预备】新高考地区英语高二（升高三）暑假专项-第17完形填空 讲学案，共36页。学案主要包含了学习目标，基础知识，考点剖析，真题演练，过关检测等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第17讲完形填空讲与练
【学习目标】
1.熟悉完形填空题材
2.掌握做题技巧
【基础知识】
体裁上，多为记叙文或夹叙夹议文；难易上，句内层次题和句组层次题较容易且所占比重较大，语篇层次题考查较少但难度较大。
选材上会源于真实生活，平淡叙述中流露人间真情，体现理性思维、人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养；在词性上仍会以实词为主，其中动词会占半壁江山，虚词几乎不会考查，并且完形填空题注重对文章语境的理解。
解题流程
第一步 通读全文，细读首句
对于完形填空，存在一个解题误区，即上来就做题。事实上，在不理解文章大意的前提下去做题，其结果会是不断修正，既浪费了时间又不能保证正确率。因此，首先要通读全文去掌握大意，而多数情况下细读首句又是了解主旨最有效的方式。
第二步 边读边填，先易后难
完形填空中有一半的题目都是基础送分题，也就是我们上面提到的句内层次题。这些题目完全可以根据掌握的文章大意和内容梗概，再结合一些基础语法常识或凭借语感顺势得出答案。随着空缺越来越少，文意会越来越凸显，此时我们便可结合群信息，去解答句组层次题。
第三步 复核验证，敲定答案
完形填空中总有两三道较难的题目，这类题目的解题信息不局限于某一句或某一句群，而是分散在某一段或某几段甚至是全篇中，这就是我们说的语篇层次题。此类试题要求理解全篇、理清脉络，明确作者的写作意图、思想情感，必须从全局出发去解答。因此，应在以上两步的基础上去复读全文，验证推敲，最终去确定所有答案。
01记叙文
记叙文是高考完形填空中出现频率最高的一类文体。该体裁以记人、叙事为主；多以人物思想和行为为中心；以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述；时态上多以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当会有间接引语。
题型策略
1．抓住文章中心。中心思想是文章的灵魂和统帅，其他的写作要素都紧紧围绕这一中心进行。抓住中心有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。
2.明确叙述角度。通常记叙文有两大叙述角度：第一人称和第三人称。第一人称就是从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述，从字里行间读出作者对人物、事件或景色的情感态度。第三人称就是从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。在做题时可采用“角色渗透法”，即假设自己就是文中的角色会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。
3．理清写作顺序。根据写作的需要作者往往采用顺叙、倒叙或插叙等方法进行叙述。理清这些线索有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
4．明确写作要素。包括事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，理解了整篇文章。
5．洞悉写作目的。就事论事绝不是记叙文的最终目的，而最终目的是借助叙事来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。因此，只有在分析具体情节的基础上认真体会文字背后的东西，才能洞悉作者的写作目的，抓住文章的主题。
02.夹叙夹议文
题型概述
夹叙夹议文是近年来高考完形填空常见的一种体裁，这类体裁的文章一般具有哲理性，往往可以从一件看似平淡的小事中领悟出深刻的人生哲理，因此耐人寻味，可读性较强。
在语言方面，这类体裁的文章既有记叙文的特点，同时又具有议论文的特点。在结构上，该文体采用“先叙后议”、“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”的写作模式，旨在在记叙的基础上，通过议论的手段，说明作者的态度、观点、思想和目的。
题型策略
1．分析结构，抓住作者观点。在做题时要借助文章结构，认真体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的思路。
2．重视首句，把握文章主题。首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作目的，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。
3．叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵。夹叙夹议中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。
4．抓住转换，理清逻辑关系。抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。
03.议论文和说明文
题型概述
议论文和说明文的完形填空都属于较难的文体，在全国卷中出现的频率很低，议论文在全国卷中基本没有考查，说明文也仅仅是在2012年和2014年出现过两次，不过也应加以足够重视。
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。这类文章或从正面提出某种见解、主张，或是驳斥别人的错误观点。议论文类完形填空具有如下特点：
(1)首句制胜，论点明确。议论文一般都在首句提出论点，然后在各段的前句提出分论点。
(2)结构清楚，逻辑通顺。作者为了使文章的脉络清晰，一般会使用一些逻辑关联词(或短语)，如on the contrary, all in all, in short, generally, surely, obviously等。
(3)方法论证，合情合理。议论文都是按一定的方法来论证的。常用的论证方法有：归纳法、推理法、对照法。
说明文常就某一个问题、某一种社会现象、某一个产品的制作过程和使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题等从不同角度来加以说明。说明文一般有两种结构模式：①总分式：包括“总—分”“分—总”“总—分—总”等具体形式；②递进式： 一层一层地剖析事理，所以事理说明文多采用这种形式。常用空间顺序、时间顺序、逻辑顺序等去组织文章。
题型策略
议论文可利用以下几种技巧：
1．把握首句和首段的完整信息，从而去掌握文章的中心论点：议论文的论点一般出现在首句或首段，因此我们要认真阅读这部分内容，以便掌握文章的导向，也有利于我们对上下文的理解。
2．把握作者的观点态度：议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是文章的论点。要去把握作者的观点，了解作者对某一事物的态度是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反对，通过把握作者的观点也就找准了文章的论点。
3．论点和论据相互结合：一般来说，能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在论点里得到印证，而论点里的某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来，使论点、论据形成相辅相成的关系，从而使整篇文章上下一致。如果我们所选的答案前后矛盾，论据与论点相悖，那么我们就要重新梳理文章，这样才能得到正确的答案。
说明文可利用以下方法：
1．理清文章结构，了解文章主旨：对全文有一个清晰的概念，理清了文章的结构才能掌握文章的主旨。
2．掌握说明顺序，弄懂逻辑关系：掌握了文章是按时间、空间、逻辑或认知等的顺序去组织后，才能理顺逻辑关系，才能找准关键信息，才能得出正确推论。
3．明白所举事例，找准突破口：为了说明一件事情或一个道理，说明文中常使用举例的方法，明白了所举的事例，也就找到了做题的突破口。
【考点剖析】
一、利用文章首句解题
完形填空的首句往往不设空，是一个完整的句子。通过细读首句，可以判断文章体裁，预测文章大意和主旨，对解题非常关键。
[典例] (2016·北京高考)It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr Welch __36__ a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be __37__ if it struck the town. Dr Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. __38__， the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
36．A.examined B．warned
C．interviewed D．cured
37．A.harmless B．helpless
C．fearless D．careless
38．A.Moreover B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．However
36.【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“knew he had diphtheria”可知，医生给小男孩做了检查。故选A。
37．【答案】B
【解析】根据第一段内容可知，因为有大雪封城，很难得到药品，所以这种传染病如果在整个小镇爆发，很多小孩都会很无助。故选B。
38．【答案】D
【解析】Welch(韦尔奇)大夫需要立即得到药品，而最近的药物供应地离这儿有一千多英里，前后两句话之间是转折关系，故选D。
二、利用习惯搭配或固定结构解题
完形填空中经常会考查一些习惯搭配或固定结构，此类试题相当容易，平时注意积累总结是关键。
[典例] (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)His son, age 15, who had __49__ an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50.unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.
A．missed B．failed
C．taken D．led
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take classes “上课”，故选C。
三、利用生活常识或文化背景解题
完形填空中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗人情等方面的知识，做题时利用这些知识，特别是注意中西方文化差异，巧妙地加以运用将会大大简化分析与判断过程，节省下宝贵的时间。
[典例] (2020·天津高考)Jones was __21__ when she said that she didn't actually 22.mind being cheated.
A．ashamed B．shocked
C．excited D．amused
【答案】B
【解析】 ashamed “羞愧的”；shocked “震惊的”；excited “兴奋的”；amused “逗乐的；觉得好笑的”。根据常识可知，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。
四、利用平行结构解题
平行结构是指结构相同或相似、意思密切相连、语气一致的句子或词组组成一串排列的语言现象(如由and, or等连接的短语或句子)。此种结构形式整齐匀称，内容联系紧密，利用它可以提高解题效率。
[典例] (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)“People have been __53__ there and standing there and taking 54.pictures of each other，” Ro says. “The town square was totally 55.full. ... ”
A．driving B．hiding
C．camping D．sitting
【答案】D
【解析】 and用于连接平行结构，与设空后standing对应的应该是sitting。故选D。
五、利用情感态度解题
在做完形填空时，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的基础上，留意能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇。因为这些词汇通常为我们做题的重要参考线索，可帮助我们快速确定某些题目的答案。
[典例] (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Freddy was an average 44.student,_but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情). He would 45.laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's __46__.
A．misfortune B．disbelief
C．dishonesty D．mistake
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前的saddest可知，只有不幸(misfortune)才令人伤心。故选A。
六、利用语义复现解题
语义复现不仅是同一个词，同义词、反义词、近义词都可能成为这类题目的解题关键点，但是这些词可能隐藏得比较深。上下文之间可能互相暗示答案，但有时上下文相隔较远，因此要注意寻找。
[典例1] (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)It was signed (签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51.researched it, he only found “Bonnard，” a French 52.painter he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53.surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54.garden as his father's painting.
... They __57__ the other painting and learned that it was ...
A．collected B．cleaned
C．framed D．studied
【答案】D
【解析】collect “收集”；clean “打扫”；frame “制定”；study “研究”。根据上文的“but when he __51__ it”可知，此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词复现，故选D。
[典例2] (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)But that 45.changed when a system of hightech __46__ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents (居民) of Rjukan 47.received their very first ray of winter sunshine：A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48.use. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49.directs them to turn along with the sun ...
A．computers B．telescopes
C．mirrors D．cameras
【答案】C
【解析】 根据下文中的“The mirrors are controlled ...”可知，此处应填mirrors(镜子)。故选C。
七、利用逻辑关系解题
此种方法是通过分析设空处前后文的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连词和起连词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。无论是句内层次题还是句组层次题，利用逻辑关系去解答都是一种重要的方法。
[典例1] (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)We went 10∶1 and I was named most valuable player, __48__ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller's 49.accident.
A．and B．then
C．but D．thus
【答案】C
【解析】设空前一句意为“我们以10∶1赢得了比赛，并且我被评为最有价值的球员”，设空后一句意为“我经常做疯狂的梦——在梦中我总认为自己应该为Miller(米勒)的车祸负责”。显然前后句为转折关系，故选C。
[典例2] (2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The following term, I 56.registered for an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57.prohibited. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. __58__， if there had been any talking, it would have 59.caused us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60.new way of communication it opens.
A．Lastly B．Thus
C．Instead D．However
【答案】C
【解析】根据上下文可知，作者很快意识到无声并非是不愉快的，相反(Instead)，如果有任何的谈话，会导致他们学习得更少。前后文为对比关系，故选C。
八、利用语境暗示解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度和评价、上下文的语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。无论是句内层次题还是句组层次题，我们常可通过上下文语境暗示，推导出正确答案。
[典例] (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41.bring with them lots of waste. ... tons of rubbish ... The environmental challenges are __48__ ...
A．new B．special
C．significant D．necessary
【答案】C
【解析】 根据上文“乞力马扎罗山有很多游客，制造了很多垃圾”可知，这里面临的环境挑战是巨大的(significant)，故选C。
【真题演练】
(2020·浙江高考)I've been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger seat.
One morning I __36__ a lost lamb when I was in the top field, near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its __37__， so I jumped out of the tractor to __38__ it while Don stayed in his seat.
Lamb and mother __39__， I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so __40__ because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. __41__ Don had somehow made the __42__move.
My heart froze in my chest as I __43__ the tractor heading towards the __44__. I ran desperately but failed to __45__. It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The __46__ thing I saw was Don's face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I __47__ the fence and looked over. The tractor was __48__ against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the __49__ road with fastflowing traffic. I couldn't see Don, but as I __50__ the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently __51__， and dashed back to me.
The police __52__ and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my __53__ it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been __54__. Don was given a special __55__ that night—I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.
36．A.dropped B．spotted
C．carried D．returned
37．A.kids B．friends
C．owner D．mother
38．A.ask about B．play with
C．tend to D．run into
39．A.freed B．switched
C．reunited D．examined
40．A.unexpected B．dangerous
C．embarrassing D．difficult
41．A.Fortunately B．Generally
C．Immediately D．Obviously
42．A.lamb B．vehicle
C．seat D．fence
43．A.saw B．stopped
C．remembered D．drove
44．A.crowd B．motorway
C．field D．hill
45．A.take off B．catch up
C．hold back D．get out
46．A.real B．best
C．basic D．last
47．A.fixed B．noticed
C．reached D．closed
48．A.resting B．running
C．parking D．turning
49．A.steep B．long
C．rough D．busy
50．A.abandoned B．approached
C．recognized D．repaired
51．A.unclean B．uncertain
C．unhurt D．unhappy
52．A.arrived B．replied
C．survived D．waited
53．A.ability B．dream
C．luck D．idea
54．A.common B．confusing
C．desirable D．awful
55．A.meal B．test
C．job D．lesson
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和自己的狗在一次外出时发生的惊险而有趣的故事。
36．【答案】B
【解析】下文提到小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以“我”是无意中发现了了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
37．【答案】D
【解析】根据下文“Lamb and mother”可知，小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。
38．【答案】C
【解析】ask about “询问”；play with “同……一起玩”；tend to “照看”；run into “撞上”。上文提到小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出“我”跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。
39．【答案】C
【解析】下文提到“我”转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以“我”才有心思去看“我”的拖拉机。故选C。
40．【答案】A
【解析】上文提到“我”看见拖拉机突然被开走了，下文提到“我”跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。
41．【答案】D
【解析】根据上文“while Don stayed in his seat”可知，“我”跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don(唐)还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选 D。
42．根据“I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me”可知，“我”转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了“我”。所以此处指的是Don开走了“我”的车。故选B。
43．【答案】A
【解析】下文提到，“我”拼命地追，所以“我”是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。
44．【答案】B
【解析】根据第二段中的“near where a motorway cuts through my land”和第五段中的“having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the __49__ road with fast－flowing traffic”可知，拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。
45．【答案】B
【解析】take off “起飞”；catch up “追上”；hold back “阻止”；get out “出去”。根据“I ran desperately”以及下文“It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.”可知，“我”没有追上拖拉机。故选B。
46．【答案】D
【解析】Don平静地看着“我”，这是“我”最后看到的事情。故选D。
47．【答案】C
【解析】根据“and looked over”可知，“我”是抵达栅栏。故选C。
48．【答案】A
【解析】根据“the crash barrier in the central reservation”可知，拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。
49. 【答案】D
【解析】根据“fast－flowing traffic”可知，这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。
50．【答案】B
【解析】下文提到“我”的狗冲回“我”身边，所以“我”一定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。
51．【答案】C
【解析】根据下文“no one got badly hurt”可知，“我”的狗没有受伤。故选C。
52．【答案】A
【解析】下文提到高速公路又恢复了正常运行可知，是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。
53．【答案】C
【解析】“我”的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速公路，结果却没有人受伤，所以“我”不相信“我”有这么好的运气。故选C。
54．【答案】D
【解析】根据上文作者的极度担忧“My heart froze in my chest”和“Heart in mouth”以及生活常识可知，动物开车上了高速公路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。
55．【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him”可知，“我”不想让它认为“我”生它的气，所以“我”给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。
(2020·江苏高考)Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success __36__ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the __37__ in our lives.
When twelveyearold John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no __38__ of knowing that his life was to change __39__. The class experiment that day was to __40__ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. __41__， the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat __42__ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container __43__， leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents __44__ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had __45__ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as __46__. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)__47__ public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from __48__ for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to __49__ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue __50__ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the __51__ Wilson made to preventing the __52__.
Wilson received several international __53__ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a __54__. He proved that it's not what happens to us that __55__ our lives—it's what we make of what happens.
36．A.depends B．holds
C．keeps D．reflects
37．A.dilemmas B．accidents
C．events D．steps
38．A.way B．hope
C．plan D．measure
39．A.continually B．gradually
C．gracefully D．completely
40．A.direct B．show
C．advocate D．declare
41．A.Anyway B．Moreover
C．Somehow D．Thus
42．A.mistakenly B．casually
C．amazingly D．clumsily
43．A.erupted B．exploded
C．emptied D．exposed
44．A.deserved B．attempted
C．cared D．agreed
45．A.submitted to B．catered for
C．impressed on D．happened to
46．A.fantastic B．extraordinary
C．impressive D．catastrophic
47．A.accomplished B．crucial
C．specific D．innocent
48．A.deafness B．depression
C．blindness D．speechlessness
49．A.decide B．abandon
C．control D．accept
50．A.until B．when
C．unless D．before
51．A.opposition B．adjustments
C．commitment D．limitations
52．A.preventable B．potential
C．spreadable D．influential
53．A.scholarships B．rewards
C．awards D．bonuses
54．A.fortune B．recipe
C．dream D．vision
55．A.distinguishes B．determines
C．claims D．limits
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。因为一次意外，Wilson(威尔逊)失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。文章旨在告诉我们：成功取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
36．【答案】A
【解析】结合设空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on “取决于”。故选A。
37．【答案】C
【解析】句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。dilemmas “进退两难的处境”；accidents “意外事故”；events “事，事件”；steps “脚步，步骤”。故选C。
38．【答案】A
【解析】句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的John Wilson(约翰·威尔逊)走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。John Wilson 无法预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
39．【答案】D
【解析】continually “不断地”；gradually “逐渐地”；gracefully “优雅地”；completely “完全地”。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这完全改变了他的生活。故选D。
40．【答案】B
【解析】那天课堂实验的目的是展示加热一个盛水的容器如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
41．【答案】C
【解析】句意：不知怎么地，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。Anyway “无论如何，不管怎样”；Moreover “而且”；Somehow “不知怎么地”；Thus “因此”。故选C。
42. 【答案】A
【解析】mistakenly “错误地”；casually “随意地”；amazingly “令人惊奇地”；clumsily “笨拙地”。老师误在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸。故选A。
43．【答案】B
【解析】erupt “爆发，喷出”；explode “爆炸”；empty “腾空，掏空”；expose “揭露，使暴露”。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
44．【答案】B
【解析】句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。deserve “值得，应得，应受”；attempt “试图，尝试”；care “关心，在乎”；agree “同意”。故选B。
45．【答案】D
【解析】submit to “提交，服从……”；cater for “迎合”；impress on “给……留下印象”；happen to “发生”。这场事故发生在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
46．【答案】D
【解析】fantasti “极好的”；extraordinary “不同寻常的”；impressive “给人印象深刻的”；catastrophic “灾难性的，毁灭性的”。根据上文以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。由but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是灾难性的。故选D。
47．【答案】A
【解析】句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。accomplished “才华高的，有成就的”；crucial “至关重要的，关键性的”；specific “特定的，具体的”；innocent “无辜的，天真的”。故选A。
48．【答案】 C
【解析】结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the __51__ Wilson made to preventing the __52__.”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。故选C。
49．【答案】D
【解析】根据上文最后三句可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他接受了自己失明的事实。故选D。
50．【答案】B
【解析】until “直到”；when “在……的情况下，当……的时候”；unless “如果不”；before “在……之前”。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。故选B。
51．【答案】C
【解析】opposition “反对”；adjustments “调整，调节”；commitment “奉献，投入”；limitations “限制”。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的奉献，很多人恢复了视力。故选C。
52．【答案】A
【解析】preventable “可预防的，可阻止的”；potential “潜在的，有潜力的”；spreadable “(黄油等)容易被涂开的”；influential “有影响力的”。结合设空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防可以预防的情况。故选A。
53【答案】C
【解析】．句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。scholarship “奖学金”；reward “奖励，回报”；award “奖，奖品”；bonus “红利，津贴”。故选C。
54．【答案】D
【解析】根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的眼界开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
55．【答案】B
【解析】结合第一段中的“Success __36__ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the __37__ in our lives.”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情决定我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。故选B。
(2015·浙江高考)Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, I've watched one friend after another land highranking, highpaying Wall Street jobs. As executives (高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now __21__ on their way to impressive careers. By society's __22__， they seem to have it made.
On the surface，these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a __23__ drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with longtime roommates, and __24__ out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine __25__ a college year's monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.
The thing is, a number of them have __26__ that despite their success, they aren't happy. Some __27__ of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eighthour workweeks devoted to tasks they __28__. Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and __29__. However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the __30__ to which they have so quickly become __31__.
People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and __32__ in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they __33__ or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion: it's __34__. They have loans, bills, a mortgage (抵押贷款) to __35__， retirement to save for. They recognize there's something __36__ in their lives, but it's __37__ to step off the track.
In a society that tends to __38__ everything in terms of dollars and cents，we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our __39__ in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs __40__ in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore—and the very ones we need to consider most.
21．A.much B．never
C．seldom D．well
22．A.policies B．standards
C．experiments D．regulations
23．A.last B．least
C．second D．best
24．A.cycled B．moved
C．slid D．looked
25．A.shared B．paid
C．equaled D．collected
26．A.advertised B．witnessed
C．admitted D．demanded
27．A.complain B．dream
C．hear D．approve
28．A.distribute B．hate
C．applaud D．neglect
29．A.calm B．guilty
C．warm D．empty
30．A.family B．government
C．lifestyle D．project
31．A.accustomed B．appointed
C．unique D．available
32．A.yet B．also
C．instead D．rather
33．A.let out B．turn in
C．give up D．believe in
34．A.fundamental B．practical
C．impossible D．unforgettable
35．A.take off B．drop off
C．put off D．pay off
36．A.missing B．inspiring
C．sinking D．shining
37．A.harmful B．hard
C．useful D．normal
38．A.measure B．suffer
C．digest D．deliver
39．A.disasters B．motivations
C．campaigns D．decisions
40．A.assessed B．involved
C．covered D．reduced
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者大学毕业后在工作和生活的体验中所理解的“成功”的真正含义——物质上的成功和享受并不代表精神上的富足和幸福。
21．【答案】D
【解析】事业很顺利，此处应该用副词well修饰。故选D。
22．【答案】B
【解析】按照当前社会的标准(standards)来判断的话，他们已经都算成功人士了。policy “政策”； experiment “实验”； regulation “规则”。故选B。
23．【答案】A
【解析】他们毕业前在当地廉价但很友好的酒吧里喝了最后一次(last)酒。故选A。
24．【答案】B
【解析】搬出了狭小的公寓楼住进了高楼大厦。move (移动)符合题意。故选B。
25．【答案】C
【解析】此处表述成功后他们再也不会去小酒吧喝酒，而是在大饭店里就餐，那里一瓶酒的花费相当于他们大学期间一个月的房租。equal意为“等于”，符合语境。故选C。
26【答案】C
【解析】．很多人承认(admitted)尽管取得了成功，但他们并不快乐。故选C。
27．【答案】A
【解析】有的人抱怨(complain)不友好的同事。故选A。
28．【答案】B
【解析】把八小时的工作日用在了自己讨厌(hate)的任务上让一些人感到很可悲。故选B。
29．【答案】D
【解析】由该句中的“Some do not respect the companies they work for”及“feeling tired”可知，此处感到空虚，符合语境。故选D。
30．【答案】C
【解析】根据设空后定语从句所表达的含义“他们这么快就变得……”可知，此处指他们发现自己的工作目的只是为了支撑这种奢侈的生活方式(lifestyle)。故选C。
31．【答案】A
【解析】他们这么快就习惯的生活方式。固定搭配be/become accustomed to “习惯于……”。故选A。
32．【答案】A
【解析】人们经常说要走一条更令人满意的路，可是(yet)到最后……。前后意思上是转折关系。故选A。
33. 【答案】D
【解析】此处表示放弃他们现在的工作，去为自己相信的东西而努力。believe in “相信”，符合语境。故选D。
34．【答案】C
【解析】由下一句提及他们背负的经济责任可知，此处表述要按自己的意愿选择是不可能的。故选C。
35．【答案】D
【解析】他们有贷款、各种账单以及抵押贷款需要偿还(pay off)。故选D。
36．【答案】A
【解析】他们意识到他们在生活中正在失去(missing) 一些东西，可是……。故选A。
37．【答案】B
【解析】尽管意识到生活中有些东西失去了，但要脱离原来的生活轨道是困难的。故选B。
38．【答案】A
【解析】在一个倾向于用金钱来衡量(measure)一切的社会里。故选A。
39．【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们从很小的时候就学会用经济因素来考虑决策的成本。由句意故选D。
40．【答案】B
【解析】根据上文“we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our __39__ in financial terms”可知，此处指在追求金钱的过程中所涉及的个人和社会成本。be involved in “涉及，牵涉，与……有关”，符合语境。故选B。
【过关检测】
Frey is on her way to the Pottery (陶器) Workshop in Shanghai. She willingly __1__ the training courses of the workshop every Tuesday, spending three or four hours __2__ there.
After five weeks of __3__， she is looking forward to taking home the first bowl she makes with her own hands as a __4__ souvenir. “I've enjoyed every minute at the workshop. It enables me to make friends and learn how to make pottery with the directions and __5__ from others，”
Frey says. Also, she feels very comfortable in the workshop, which creates a __6__ atmosphere like classroom in which people from different backgrounds gather __7__ to create their works. As a foreigner, Frey has adopted pottery making to __8__ her own ideas and thoughts. “The whole process of making a pottery piece may look rather __9__ to a beginner, but I still keep on, and __10__ I will leave with a whole case of my works by the end of our stay，” Frey says.
Sharing the same enthusiasm, Maggie Guo, a former clothes __11__ and now a housewife is trying to complete her “pottery dream”. “I __12__ to study pottery when I applied to university many years ago, but I eventually get engaged in clothes design, which became my __13__，” Guo says. Now, after years in that field, she still __14__ learning pottery. She attends the workshop to finally realize the __15__ she had put on the shelf for so many years. “I am always surprised and __16__ to see the final works of my own, and it __17__ me to learn the real meaning of being an __18__.”
They both think more people should __19__ into the world of pottery making to experience the __20__ of creativity with simple materials.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了两位来自不同背景的人在上海学习陶器制作的经历。
1．A.passes B．keeps
C．gives D．attends
【答案】D
【解析】根据下文“I've enjoyed every minute at the workshop.”可知，她每周二都去上课，而且认真学习。因此她很愿意上(attend)这种训练课。
2．A.practicing B．showing
C．acting D．playing
【答案】A
【解析】 每周的训练课，她都会花三到四个小时在那里练习(practice)。
3．A.activities B．classes
C．findings D．skills
【答案】B
【解析】 在上完五周的课(class)后，她想带一件自己做的作品回家。
4．A.formal B．traditional
C．special D．random
【答案】C
【解析】她想把自己做的第一个碗带回家，作为一件特殊的(special)纪念品。
5．A.expectations B．comments
C．suggestions D．assessments
【答案C
【解析】她不仅认识了很多朋友，还在其他人的指导和建议(suggestion)下学会了如何制作陶器。
6．A.funny B．tense
C．dull D．pleasant
【答案】D
【解析】在这个工艺坊里她感觉很舒服，因为这里营造出和教室里一样的令人轻松愉快的(pleasant)氛围。
7．A.regularly B．nervously
C．secretly D．perfectly
【答案】A
【解析】来自不同背景的人们每周定期(regularly)聚集在这里创作艺术品。
8．A.follow B．introduce
C．express D．get
【答案】C
【解析】 作为一位外国人，Frey把陶器制作作为表达(express)自己观点和看法的方式。
9．A.safe B．complex
C．logical D．artificial
【答案】B
【解析】制作陶器的整个过程对于一个初学者来说是很复杂的(complex)，但是她没放弃，依旧继续学习。
10．A.naturally B．surprisingly
C．casually D．hopefully
【答案】D
【解析】她希望(hopefully)在离开中国之前能自己制作出一件完整的陶艺品。
11．A.designer B．saleswoman
C．collector D．advertiser
【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“but I eventually worked on clothes design”可知，她是一位服装设计师(designer)。
12．A.refused B．meant
C．pretended D．continued
【答案】B
【解析】她刚开始申请大学时原打算学习陶器，但是最终还是学了服装设计。
13．A.judgment B．career
C．burden D．motivation
【答案】B
【解析】她最终学了服装设计，这个成了她的职业(career)。
14．A.ends up with B．catches up with
C．looks forward to D．looks up to
【答案】C
【解析】现在，虽然她在服装设计领域学习了那么多年，但她依旧期望(look forward to)学习陶器。
15．A.value B．victory
C．description D．dream
【答案】D
【解析】她去陶器工艺坊学习来实现她多年对于陶器的梦想(dream)。
16．A.disappointed B．scared
C．calm D．happy
【答案】D
【解析】能看到自己亲手制作出来的陶器，她总是震惊和开心的(happy)。
17．A.forces B．reminds
C．allows D．expects
【答案】C
【解析】这可以让(allow)她体会到作为一名艺术家的真正意义。
18．A.architect B．artist
C．ambassador D．accountant
【答案】B
【解析】根据上下文语境可知，此处指制作陶器，因此应该是一名艺术家(artist)。
19．A.step B．move
C．break D．turn
【答案】A
【解析】上面介绍的两人通过学陶器的经历告诉更多的人们应该步入(step)制作陶器的世界。
20．A.magic B．habit
C．principle D．impression
【答案】A
【解析】她们认为，更多的人们应该进入制作陶器的世界来领略简单材料带来的创造魔力(magic)。
Now it was time for the wheat to come into the ears, but the weather was so dry that the old men's hair was turning grey out of concern. This morning, the clouds were rolling and the thunders were __1__. It began to pour soon. Finally, the old farmers who were looking forward to the rain happily ran to the __2__ of the field, looked at the rainfed crops, and made a __3__ to the sky excitedly.
A stone lying on the ground witnessed this and was very unhappy about it. It said __4__ “Oh, it seems that everything is happy for it! It seems that the rain were an international guest of __5__ but what did it do? It has only been two __6__ three hours. What's the big deal? Nonsense！” The stone looked at himself and said, “Yes. I have lived here for thousands of years. I have been so __7__ and polite, but no one comes to __8__ me and thank me. The world is so __9__. It's __10__ that I often hear people say the world is ugly.”
“Shut up！” An insect listened impatiently and __11__ the stone with a firm tone: “The rain does not __12__ long and sometimes even remains at most one hour, but rain is moistening the earth. With the __13__ of the rain water, the farmers can get harvest, and __14__ living here for hundreds of thousands of years in the field, you are completely useless. Not only that, but you are still __15__ this piece of rich soil. You are just a piece of useless __16__. Who got any good from you? You are worthless, isn't it？” The stone was __17__ and bowed his head in __18__.
Similar to this stone, some people like to boast (自吹自擂) of their forty years of hard labor and their __19__ to the people. What is the essential difference between them? No one has received any benefits from them, and what is the __20__ of their existence?
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章采用拟人手法来阐述有用的有价值的人和只知道自吹自擂的人之间的本质区别是什么。
1．A.flashing B．appearing
C．booming D．happening
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空后的“It began to pour soon.”可知，下雨前先出现打雷声，故选C。
2．A.center B．edge
C．bottom D．top
【答案】B
【解析】根据“the old farmers who were looking forward to the rain happily ran to the __2__ of the field”可知，雨的到来让老农们都高兴地跑到田边，the edge of the field意为“田边”，故选B。
3．A.bow B．choice
C．decision D．hit
【答案】A
【解析】 根据设空前的“looked at the rainfed crops”可知，老农们盼望着这场雨，向天空鞠了一躬表示感谢，故选A。
4．A.enthusiastically B．disgusting
C．enviously D．deliberately
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前的“and was very unhappy about it”和设空后的“It seems that the rain were an international guest of __5__ but what did it do？”可知，一块石头看到此情此景非常不高兴，嫉妒地说：“雨都做了什么？”故选C。
5．A.honor B．pleasure
C．pity D．trouble
【答案】A
【解析】 根据前文“looked at the rainfed crops, and made a __3__ to the sky excitedly”可知，老农们向天空鞠躬这一幕被石头看在了眼里，让石头认为“雨像一位贵宾，但它做了什么？”guest of honor意为“贵宾”，故选A。
6．A.and B．to
C．or D．till
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空处所在句子可知，此处是说雨每次只持续两到三个小时，是选择关系，而非并列关系，故选C。
7．A.hopeful B．modest
C．helpful D．proud
【答案】B
【解析】modest “谦虚的”。根据设空后的“and polite”可知，“谦虚的”和“礼貌的”语义相近，而其他选项与题意不符，故选B。
8．A.inform B．greet
C．praise D．comfort
【答案】C
【解析】根据上文的“and made a __3__ to the sky excitedly”可知，雨得到了人们的尊敬和感谢，所以石头在抱怨没人赞扬和感谢自己，praise意为“赞扬，表扬”，与题意相符，故选C。
9．A.unfortunate B．unfair
C．awkward D．impressive
【答案】B
【解析】根据上文石头那些抱怨的话语可知，石头认为这个世界非常不公平，故选B。
10．A.no doubt B．no pain
C．no way D．no wonder
【答案】D
【解析】根据设空前内容可知，石头认为这个世界非常不公平，所以它觉得难怪世界这么丑陋，no wonder后可加从句，意为“难怪”，与题意相符，故选D。
11．A.interrupted B．refused
C．disturbed D．interviewed
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前的“‘Shut up！’ An insect listened impatiently”可知，一只昆虫听得不耐烦了，打断(interrupt)了石头的话，故选A。
12．A.arrive B．leave
C．last D．lie
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空后的“and sometimes even remains at most one hour”可知，设空处所填单词和remain意义相近，last在此处作动词，意为“持续”，故选C。
13．A.instruction B．leadership
C．guides D．aid
【答案】D
【解析】根据第一段的“looked at the rainfed crops”可知，雨能帮助农民获得丰收，with the aid of意为“在……的帮助下”，故选D。
14．A.in favor of B．in honor of
C．in spite of D．in memory of
【答案】C
【解析】 in favor of “赞成”；in honor of “向……表示敬意”；in spite of “尽管”；in memory of “纪念……”。根据设空后的“you are completely useless”可知，“living here for hundreds of thousands of years in the field”和后文构成让步转折的关系，表示尽管石头生活了几十万年，但完全没有发挥作用，故选C。
15．A.taking off B．taking up
C．holding on D．holding up
【答案】B
【解析】take up意为“占据(时间、空间)”，与句意相符，故选B。
16．A.carriage B．baggage
C．space D．field
【答案】B
【解析】根据“but you are still __15__ this piece of rich soil”可知，这只昆虫认为和雨水能够滋润土壤相比，石头不仅没有用处，而且还占据着土地，所以昆虫认为石头是个无用的累赘，此处baggage指“累赘”，故选B。
17．A.cheerful B．hopeless
C．thankful D．speechless
【答案】D
【解析】根据设空前的内容可知，听了昆虫的话，石头无言以对，speechless意为“说不出话的”，故选D。
18．A.shame B．pride
C．sign D．comfort
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前的“The stone was __17__”可知，石头无话可说并惭愧地低下了头，in shame相当于副词修饰bow，故选A。
19．A.devotion B．determination
C．inspiration D．courage
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前的“their forty years of hard labor”可知，设空处和其并列，所以是“贡献”，故选A。
20．A.assessment B．value
C．importance D．base
【答案】B
【解析】根据设空前的“No one has received any benefits from them”可知，没有人从那些吹嘘自己的人身上得到任何好处，也就无从体现个人的价值(value)，故选B。
A loving person lives in a loving world while a hostile person lives in a hostile world. Everyone you meet is your mirror.
Mirrors reflecting the __1__ have a very particular function. Just as a physical mirror serves as the tool of __2__， so do all of the people in our lives.
When we see something __3__ such as a flower garden, green grass, a clear river etc, they serve as a reflection. In order to see the beauty in front of us, we must be able to see the beauty __4__ of ourselves. When we love someone, it's a reflection of loving ourselves. Often, when we meet someone __5__， we feel as though we've known each other for a long time because of sharing __6__.
Just as the “mirror” or other person can be a(n) __7__ reflection, it is more likely that we'll notice it when it has a negative connotation (含义). For example, it's easy to __8__ times when we have met someone we don't like. We may have some __9__ in our mind about the person. This is especially true when we get to know someone hateful, with whom we would rather __10__ less time. Ironically, when we __11__ qualities in other people, it's usually the mirror that's speaking to us. I began __12__ myself further each time I met someone that I didn't particularly like. Each time, I asked myself, “What is it about that person that I don't like？” and __13__ “Is there something similar in me？”. In every case, I could see a piece of that __14__ in me, and sometimes I had to think it over. So what did that mean?
It means that just as I can get __15__ or disturbed when I notice that aspect in someone else, I better reexamine my qualities and consider making some __16__. Even if I'm not willing to make an extreme change, at least I consider how I might __17__ some of the things that I'm doing.
Sometimes we meet someone strange and feel distant, disconnected, or disgusted. __18__ we don't want to believe it, and it's not easy or desirable to look further, it can be a great learning lesson to __19__ out what part of the person is being reflected in you. It's simply just another way to create more __20__.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。你讨厌的某个人，或许你身上也具有相同之处。所以多多向内审视自己，你会发现世界更美好！
1．A.image B．picture
C．version D．figure
【答案】A
【解析】句意：镜子有一个非常特殊的功能：反射镜前的事物。mirror image “镜像”，固定词组。
2．A.calculation B．reaction
C．reflection D．comprehension
【答案】C
【解析】根据上文中“Mirrors reflecting ...”可知，此处选C。reflection “反射，镜像”。
3．A.ridiculous B．unbelievable
C．concrete D．beautiful
【答案】D
【解析】根据下文“a flower garden, green grass, a clear river etc.”都是美好的事物。对应的应该是正向的、美好的词。也对应后一句的beauty。故选D。
4．A.beside B．inside
C．alongside D．behind
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们必须有能力看到我们自己内心的(inside)美丽，才能看到在我们面前的美丽。故选B。
5．A.familiar B．former
C．strange D．ordinary
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当我们遇到一些陌生(strange)人，因为相似，我们感到好像认识彼此很久。故选C。
6．A.opinions B．similarities
C．virtues D．characteristics
【答案】B
【解析】对陌生人有熟悉感是因为有相似之处。
7．A.positive B．objective
C．abstract D．psychological
【答案】A
【解析】positive “正向的”；句意：就像镜子或者其他人一样可以有正向反馈，我们更加有可能注意到有负向含义。后面的“more likely”，暗示转折，故应为negative(负面的)反义词，故选A。
8．A.remember B．assess
C．regret D．accept
【答案】A
【解析】句意：具体来说，我们很容易记住当我们遇到一些我们不喜欢的人的时刻。
9．A.recognition B．affection
C．suspicion D．criticism
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们可能在意念里对一个人批判(criticism)。根据上下文，都是负向意思，并且句子中没有转折。这里句子也应该是负向意思，故选D。
10．A.spend B．value
C．reserve D．spare
【答案】A
【解析】spend用于以人作主语的句子中，此处指因为不喜欢某个人，所以和其在一起的时间就少。
11．A.treasure B．admire
C．envy D．dislike
【答案】D
【解析】dislike “不喜欢”；ironically “具有讽刺意味地”；表加强，和前面句子的情感方向保持一致。和后文“each time I met someone that I didn't particularly like”为同义替换。
12．A.distinguishing B．questioning
C．trusting D．suspecting
【答案】B
【解析】句意：当我每次遇到某些我不是特别喜欢的人，我就开始深度拷问自己。同义替换后文“each time, I asked myself”。
13．A.still B．yet
C．so D．then
【答案】D
【解析】句意：那个人身上我有什么不喜欢？并且，那人和我有没有相似？then表并列。故选D。
14．A.quality B．progress
C．information D．improvement
【答案】A
【解析】 和最后一段的qualities对应，原单词重现。句意：每次，我可以看到在我身上的那种品质(quality)。
15．A.excited B．satisfied
C．annoyed D．puzzled
【答案】C
【解析】设空后为“or disturbed”，故设空处应与or后的单词词意一致，故选C。
16．A.choices B．decisions
C．plans D．changes
【答案】D
【解析】下一句中的change为提示。句意：我会更好的重新反思我的品质和考虑做一些改变(change)。
17．A.adapt B．transform
C．modify D．swap
【答案】C
【解析】句意：即使我不愿意去做一些大的改变，至少我会考虑我可能会调整(modify)一些我正在做的事情。
18．A.Because B．When
C．Although D．However
【答案】C
【解析】句意：虽然(although)我们不想去承认这件事。
19．A.pick B．find
C．hold D．bring
【答案】B
【解析】find out “找到；发现”。句意：这是很不错的一课去探索出(find out)这个人的哪一部分也在你身上折射。
20．A.selfawareness B．selfesteem
C．selfconfidence D．selfsatisfaction
【答案】A
【解析】文章讲述自我审视的好处，故此处指通过别人形成自我审视的意识。
Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy that uses dance, drama, music, poetry, and art to enhance one's overall well－being. The arts are used to let go, __1__ and to release.
People have been using the arts as tools for __2__for many centuries. In the early 1940's expressive arts therapy became formally __3__ and has since provided meaningful therapeutic __4__ for people of all ages in a variety of treatment settings. There is no right or wrong way in the arts and clients are encouraged to be __5__ with self－expression. Expressive arts therapy focuses on the __6__ of making art and exploring __7__ the piece means to the individual, __8__ the final product.
Through the arts, people can __9__ ideas and feelings that may be hard to put into words, such as negative memories and stress. It has been __10__ that use of the arts can help people develop social skills, __11__ anxiety, manage behavior, and increase self－confidence. A free form of expression makes clients __12__ of their own work by reducing the need to compare themselves to others, an unfortunate problem seen today.
Expressive arts therapists are professionally __13__. Anyone can be an expressive art therapist provided that they get the appropriate training. Knowledge in psychology is __14__ to all training, but from there training __15__ includes getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically. Some professionals extend their __16__ and obtain a PhD in expressive therapy.
__17__ expressive arts therapy is unique, the clinical goal is __18__ to other mental health professions. This __19__ is to facilitate clients' growth and __20__ change.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。在心理学上，表达性艺术治疗借助舞蹈、戏剧、音乐、绘画等方式，把内心的真实状况表达出来，从而达到心理治疗的目的。
1．A.admit B．express
C．examine D．trust
【答案】B
【解析】根据设空前后的“Expressive arts therapy”和“let go”以及“release”可知，选B符合语境。
2．A.explaining B．proving
C．healing D．judging
【答案】C
【解析】根据文章开头的“Expressive arts therapy”可知，它是一种治疗的方法，故选C。
3．A.recognized B．relieved
C．affected D．controlled
【答案】A
【解析】在20世纪40年代早期，表达性艺术治疗被正式认可，自此以后，该治疗手法就给各类人提供了重要的治疗体验经历。
4．A.results B．experiences
C．causes D．questions
【答案】B
【解析】experience “经历”，符合语境。
5．A.angry B．bored
C．strict D．free
【答案】D
【解析】根据第12空前的“A free form of expression”可知，表达性艺术治疗鼓励人们自由(free)地表达自我，并没有对错之分。
6．A.secret B．technique
C．difficulty D．process
【答案】D
【解析】根据第8空后的“the final product”可知，表达性艺术治疗注重创作艺术的过程(process)，注重作品对于个人的意义所在(what)，而非(rather than)最终的作品。
7．A.when B．which
C．what D．where
【答案】C
【解析】此处用what表示“什么”，引导宾语从句。
8．A.as to B．or rather
C．rather than D．other than
【答案】C
【解析】rather than “而不是”，符合语境。
9．A.communicate B．produce
C．reject D．test
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空后的“be hard to put into words”可知，通过表达性艺术治疗，人们可以将那些无法诉诸语言的想法和情感表达(communicate)出来。
10．A.offered B．shown
C．guided D．driven
【答案】B
【解析】根据设空后的运用表达性艺术治疗的好处可知，选B符合语境。
11．A.create B．feel
C．reduce D．recall
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空前后内容可知，该句在谈运用表达性艺术治疗的好处，故选C。
12．A.tired B．proud
C．afraid D．unaware
【答案】B
【解析】根据设空后的“reducing the need to compare themselves to others”可知，自由表达的方式让人们对自己的作品感到自豪(proud)。
13．A.hired B．served
C．awarded D．trained
【答案】D
【解析】根据下一句中的“get the appropriate training”可知，选D。
14．A.basic B．enough
C．impossible D．strange
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空后的内容可知，心理学知识是所有培训的基本(basic)内容。
15．A.finally B．typically
C．luckily D．hardly
【答案】B
【解析】根据设空后列出的培训内容可知，这些都是比较有典型意义的培训内容，故选B。
16．A.visit B．life
C．education D．money
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空后的“obtain a PhD in expressive therapy”可知，一些专家扩展教育(education)内容。
17．A.If B．Although
C．Unless D．Since
【答案】B
【解析】虽然(although)表达性艺术治疗很独特，但是临床目标与其他的心理健康行业是相似的(similar)。
18．A.unequal B．friendly
C．known D．similar
【答案】D
【解析】 be similar to “与……相似”，符合语境。
19．A.goal B．profession
C．clinic D．theory
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前一句中的“the clinical goal”可知，选A。
20．A.unwelcome B．seasonal
C．positive D．cultural
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空前的growth可知，选C符合语境。
Are you going to school for something your parents pushed on you? Are you doing things just because others expect you to? I found many __1__ in my Life Coaching lessons. The biggest one some students are having is that they are living a life someone else has __2__ for them.
Why on earth would someone live a life that someone else wants for him? Usually, the main __3__ is his parents. When we're growing up, we must do what our parents want us to do. We really don't have our own __4__. The problem is that most parents are overly __5__ that they know what's best for their children. Many parents __6__ their children to make certain educational __7__. Some parents won't __8__ their children's college, unless the children learn __9__ what the parents decide.
Parents aren't the only ones __10__ their ideas on my students. I have some students who are doing jobs they really __11__， but their friends or relatives would not support them if they apply for a __12__ job they'd like better.
Are you allowing others to decide what life you are living now? If so, it is a __13__.
Even if you are about to __14__ for college and you find that the only way your parents will pay school fees for you is that you choose Business, but you want to __15__ Art ... And at this moment I don't __16__ that you choose the major you have no __17__. Follow your heart.
Remember, __18__ choose your major or job that you don't like just because of others' ideas. If you choose what you like, you will be a(n) __19__ person and will positively influence others. Live the life you want from now on __20__ you will get happiness.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要告诉我们：做自己喜欢做的事，不要受他人的影响，你会变得很快乐。
1．A.students B．problems
C．examples D．results
【答案】B
【解析】student “学生”；problem “问题”；example “例子”；result “结果”。由上文的两个问句可知，在作者人生辅导课上，发现了很多问题。故选B。
2．A.designed B．trained
C．introduced D．expressed
【答案】A
【解析】design “设计”；train “训练”；introduce “介绍”；express “表达”。句意：一些学生最大的问题是，他们过着别人为他们设计的生活。故选A。
3．A.rule B．reason
C．news D．information
【答案】B
【解析】由上文的“Why”可知，此处回答上文提的问题，强调原因。句意：通常，主要原因是他的父母。故选B。
4．A.excuses B．complaints
C．wishes D．choices
【答案】D
【解析】 excuse “借口”；complaint “抱怨”；wish “祝愿”；choice “选择”。由前句“When we're growing up, we must do what our parents want us to do.”可知，在成长的过程中，我们必须做父母想让我们做的事，我们没有自己的选择。故选D。
5．A.excited B．worried
C．confident D．careful
【答案】C
【解析】excited “激动的”；worried “担忧的”；confident “自信的”；careful “仔细的”。句意：问题是，大多数父母过于自信，认为他们知道什么对孩子最好。故选C。
6．A.expect B．allow
C．agree D．teach
【答案】A
【解析】expect “期望”；allow “允许”；agree “同意”；teach “教”。句意：许多家长希望他们的孩子能在教育上有所成就。故选A。
7．A.challenges B．practices
C．experiences D．achievements
【答案】D
【解析】challenge “挑战”；practice “实践”；experience “经历”；achievement “成就”。句意：许多家长希望他们的孩子能在教育上有所成就。故选D。
8．A.turn to B．learn about
C．pay for D．drop in
【答案】C
【解析】turn to “转向”；learn about “了解”；pay for “支付”；drop in “顺便走访”。由下文“your parents will pay school fees for you”提示可知，一些父母不会为孩子上大学付钱。故选C。
9．A.regularly B．nearly
C．gradually D．exactly
【答案】D
【解析】regularly “有规律地”；nearly “几乎”；gradually “逐渐地”；exactly “确切地”。句意：除非孩子们确切地遵从父母的决定，否则他们是不会为孩子上大学付钱的。故选D。
10．A.offering B．placing
C．depending D．trying
【答案】B
【解析】 offer “提供”；place “放置；安排”；depend “依靠”；try “尝试”。由文章情境可知，此处强调是一种“强迫”的行为，不是只有父母把他们的想法强加给我的学生。故选B。
11．A.hate B．enjoy
C．appreciate D．accept
【答案】A
【解析】hate “讨厌”；enjoy “喜欢”；appreciate “欣赏”；accept “接受”。句意：我有一些学生做着他们非常讨厌的工作。故选A。
12．A.familiar B．similar
C．different D．terrible
【答案】C
【解析】familiar “熟悉的”；similar “相似的”；different “不同的”；terrible “可怕的”。句意：但是如果他们申请一份他们更喜欢的不同工作，他们的朋友或亲戚不会支持他们。故选C。
13．A.mistake B．chance
C．decision D．character
【答案】A
【解析】由下文的内容可知，作者反对别人为自己规划设计人生，所以说是一个错误。故选A。
14．A.send B．look
C．head D．wait
【答案】C
【解析】由下文的“choose Business”及“Art”可知，此处head for college是“上大学”的意思。即使你即将上大学，你发现你父母为你支付学费的唯一方式是你选择商业这个专业。故选C。
15．A.refuse B．learn
C．change D．copy
【答案】B
【解析】refuse “拒绝”；learn “学习”；change “改变”；copy “复制”。句意：你想学习艺术。故选B。
16．A.remember B．trouble
C．mind D．suggest
【答案】D
【解析】remember “记得”；trouble “使苦恼”；mind “介意”；suggest “建议”。句意：此时此刻，我不建议你选择你不感兴趣的专业。故选D。
17．A.interest B．explanation
C．advantage D．preparation
【答案】A
【解析】interest “兴趣”；explanation “解释”；advantage “优势”；preparation “准备”。由下文“Follow your heart.”可知，选择你感兴趣的专业。故选A。
18．A.sometimes B．never
C．often D．still
【答案】B
【解析】由下文“just because of others' ideas”可知，记住，永远不要因为别人的想法而选择你不喜欢的专业或工作。故选B。
19．A.beautiful B．clever
C．happy D．honest
【答案】C
【解析】由下文“you will get happiness”可知，如果你选择你喜欢的，你将是一个快乐的人，并将积极影响他人。故选C。
20．A.but B．and
C．or D．although
【答案】B
【解析】这里考查祈使句＋and＋句子。句意：从现在开始过你想要的生活，你会得到幸福。故选B。
One of my teammates said it best on our last day of the season：“Guys, you are my family. We are all brothers.” Our tennis team is more than just a group of individual players thrown 1 ； there is a friendship 2 by no other group with which I have been involved. We are 3 ， yet connected. We have student－athletes from all four years of high school, from different parts of the city, and from different families and social 4 . Nevertheless, we are all 5 by a shared love of tennis. The tennis team 6 to me because it contains two things that I treasure most: tennis and 7 .
Ever since I was ten years old, the 8 aspect of tennis has attracted me to the physical sport. My first tennis coach always used to say, “Tennis is 10% physical and 90% mental.”
9 the mental strength to stay 10 and controlled under pressure, skills are 11 . Sometimes I feel like I have two 12 in a match: me against the person on the other side of the net, and me against the person inside my head, telling me to hit a better shot.
However, despite the 13 pressures of tennis, the brotherhood 14 by working together as a team helps spread the 15 of the pressure over an entire group. We 16 each other on and off the court. We do this because we have become a(n) 17 away from home. I play my best tennis when I have my team's full support, 18 in the knowledge that they are always backing me 19 . I know that each one of us puts everything we have into every 20 whether we are playing or cheering.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。我们是有着不同背景的网球队员，对网球的热爱使我们组成一个大家庭；在比赛中，由于得到了队员的全力支持，“我”常常能发挥出最佳球技。网球队让我们成为好兄弟。
1．A.around B．back
C．forward D．together
【答案】D
【解析】根据第一段首句中的“Guys, you are my family. We are all brothers.”可知，我们的网球队不仅仅是由单独的球员偶然聚在一起的一个团队；由该段中的关键词“individual players”可推知，设空处表示“使偶然相遇”，故D项正确。
2．A.earned B．followed
C．matched D．noticed
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们的网球队有着其他队伍不能匹敌的友谊。C项意为“相匹敌”，故C项正确。
3．A.courageous B．diverse
C．motivated D．skillful
【答案】B
【解析】根据该句“We are 3 ， yet connected.”并结合下句“We have student－athletes from all four years of high school, from different parts of the city, and from different families and social 4 .”可知，我们各不相同，但是彼此又有联系。B项意为“不同的，多样的”，故B项正确。
4．A.activities B．backgrounds
C．responsibilities D．services
【答案】B
【解析】根据该句内容可推知，我们的社会背景各不相同。B项意为“背景”，故B项正确。
5．A.disturbed B．sponsored
C．trained D．united
【答案】D
【解析】句意：然而，对网球共同的爱把我们联合在一起。D项意为“联合的”，符合语境。
6．A.continues B．returns
C．matters D．occurs
【答案】C
【解析】 根据该句中的“because it contains two things that I treasure most”可知，因为球队里有“我”最珍视的两件东西，所以网球队对“我”很重要。C项意为“重要”，故C项正确。
7．A.brotherhood B．childhood
C．entertainment D．society
【答案】A
【解析】根据上文中的“there is a friendship”和最后一段中的“the brotherhood”并结合选项可知，网球队对“我”很重要，因为球队里有“我”最珍视的两件东西：网球和手足情谊。A项意为“手足情谊”，故A项正确。
8．A.physical B．environmental
C．mental D．technical
【答案】C
【解析】根据下句“My first tennis coach always used to say, ‘Tennis is 10% physical and 90% mental.’”可知，“我”的第一位网球教练过去常说，网球是10%的体力和90%的智力的体育运动；再结合该句可知，从“我”十岁开始，网球的智力要求就吸引着“我”参加该项体育运动。C项意为“智力的”，故C项正确。
9．A.According to B．Beyond
C．In spite of D．Without
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在压力下，如果没有智力来保持冷静和克制，那么技巧是没有用的。D项意为“没有，缺乏”，故D项正确。
10．A.active B．calm
C．hopeful D．silent
【答案】B
【解析】由设空后的“and controlled”可知，此处指保持冷静和克制。B项意为“冷静的”，故B项正确。
11．A.contradictory B．difficult
C．useless D．powerful
【答案】C
【解析】此处说明智力对于网球比赛的重要性，即如果没有智力控制情感，球技是“无用的”。C项意为“无用的”，故C项正确。
12．A.opponents B．friends
C．goals D．risks
【答案】A
【解析】根据该句中的“me against the person on the other side of the net, and me against the person inside my head, telling me to hit a better shot”可知，有时“我”觉得在一场比赛中“我”有两个对手。A项意为“对手”，故A项正确。
13．A.unavoidable B．unreasonable
C．unexpected D．unwelcome
【答案】A
【解析】根据常识可知，在网球运动中压力是不可避免的。A项意为“不可避免的”，故A项正确。
14．A.allocated B．created
C．imagined D．suspected
【答案】B
【解析】此处是指由全队成员团结一致而产生的手足情谊。B项意为“产生”，故B项正确。
15．A.area B．control
C．value D．weight
【答案】D
【解析】手足情谊会将这种压力的重量分布到整个群体中。D项意为“重量”，符合语境，故D项正确。
16．A.support B．fight
C．recognize D．teach
【答案】A
【解析】结合下文第18空所在句中的support可知，“我们”在球场上和球场下都彼此支持。A项意为“支持”，故A项正确。
17．A.audience B．family
C．reason D．surprise
【答案】B
【解析】根据第一段中的“you are my family”并结合全文内容可知，“我们”能彼此相互支持是因为“我们”已经成了一家人。
18．A.anxious B．curious
C．sensitive D．secure
【答案】D
【解析】此处表示当球队成员全力支持“我”的时候，“我”的球技发挥最佳，知道背后总是有他们热情的支持，“我”就放心了。secure in the knowledge that ... 为固定用法，意为“知道……就安心/放心了”，故D项正确。
19．A.enthusiastically B．differently
C．gradually D．intentionally
【答案】A
【解析】A项意为“热情地”，符合语境，故A项正确。
20．A.dream B．person
C．match D．team
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我知道我们每个人在每一场比赛中都尽自己所能，不管我们是在参赛还是在欢呼。C项意为“比赛”，符合语境，故C项正确。
第17讲完形填空讲与练
【学习目标】
1.熟悉完形填空题材
2.掌握做题技巧
【基础知识】
体裁上，多为记叙文或夹叙夹议文；难易上，句内层次题和句组层次题较容易且所占比重较大，语篇层次题考查较少但难度较大。
选材上会源于真实生活，平淡叙述中流露人间真情，体现理性思维、人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养；在词性上仍会以实词为主，其中动词会占半壁江山，虚词几乎不会考查，并且完形填空题注重对文章语境的理解。
解题流程
第一步 通读全文，细读首句
对于完形填空，存在一个解题误区，即上来就做题。事实上，在不理解文章大意的前提下去做题，其结果会是不断修正，既浪费了时间又不能保证正确率。因此，首先要通读全文去掌握大意，而多数情况下细读首句又是了解主旨最有效的方式。
第二步 边读边填，先易后难
完形填空中有一半的题目都是基础送分题，也就是我们上面提到的句内层次题。这些题目完全可以根据掌握的文章大意和内容梗概，再结合一些基础语法常识或凭借语感顺势得出答案。随着空缺越来越少，文意会越来越凸显，此时我们便可结合群信息，去解答句组层次题。
第三步 复核验证，敲定答案
完形填空中总有两三道较难的题目，这类题目的解题信息不局限于某一句或某一句群，而是分散在某一段或某几段甚至是全篇中，这就是我们说的语篇层次题。此类试题要求理解全篇、理清脉络，明确作者的写作意图、思想情感，必须从全局出发去解答。因此，应在以上两步的基础上去复读全文，验证推敲，最终去确定所有答案。
01记叙文
记叙文是高考完形填空中出现频率最高的一类文体。该体裁以记人、叙事为主；多以人物思想和行为为中心；以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述；时态上多以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当会有间接引语。
题型策略
1．抓住文章中心。中心思想是文章的灵魂和统帅，其他的写作要素都紧紧围绕这一中心进行。抓住中心有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。
2.明确叙述角度。通常记叙文有两大叙述角度：第一人称和第三人称。第一人称就是从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述，从字里行间读出作者对人物、事件或景色的情感态度。第三人称就是从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。在做题时可采用“角色渗透法”，即假设自己就是文中的角色会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。
3．理清写作顺序。根据写作的需要作者往往采用顺叙、倒叙或插叙等方法进行叙述。理清这些线索有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
4．明确写作要素。包括事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，理解了整篇文章。
5．洞悉写作目的。就事论事绝不是记叙文的最终目的，而最终目的是借助叙事来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。因此，只有在分析具体情节的基础上认真体会文字背后的东西，才能洞悉作者的写作目的，抓住文章的主题。
02.夹叙夹议文
题型概述
夹叙夹议文是近年来高考完形填空常见的一种体裁，这类体裁的文章一般具有哲理性，往往可以从一件看似平淡的小事中领悟出深刻的人生哲理，因此耐人寻味，可读性较强。
在语言方面，这类体裁的文章既有记叙文的特点，同时又具有议论文的特点。在结构上，该文体采用“先叙后议”、“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”的写作模式，旨在在记叙的基础上，通过议论的手段，说明作者的态度、观点、思想和目的。
题型策略
1．分析结构，抓住作者观点。在做题时要借助文章结构，认真体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的思路。
2．重视首句，把握文章主题。首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作目的，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。
3．叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵。夹叙夹议中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。
4．抓住转换，理清逻辑关系。抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。
03.议论文和说明文
题型概述
议论文和说明文的完形填空都属于较难的文体，在全国卷中出现的频率很低，议论文在全国卷中基本没有考查，说明文也仅仅是在2012年和2014年出现过两次，不过也应加以足够重视。
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。这类文章或从正面提出某种见解、主张，或是驳斥别人的错误观点。议论文类完形填空具有如下特点：
(1)首句制胜，论点明确。议论文一般都在首句提出论点，然后在各段的前句提出分论点。
(2)结构清楚，逻辑通顺。作者为了使文章的脉络清晰，一般会使用一些逻辑关联词(或短语)，如on the contrary, all in all, in short, generally, surely, obviously等。
(3)方法论证，合情合理。议论文都是按一定的方法来论证的。常用的论证方法有：归纳法、推理法、对照法。
说明文常就某一个问题、某一种社会现象、某一个产品的制作过程和使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题等从不同角度来加以说明。说明文一般有两种结构模式：①总分式：包括“总—分”“分—总”“总—分—总”等具体形式；②递进式： 一层一层地剖析事理，所以事理说明文多采用这种形式。常用空间顺序、时间顺序、逻辑顺序等去组织文章。
题型策略
议论文可利用以下几种技巧：
1．把握首句和首段的完整信息，从而去掌握文章的中心论点：议论文的论点一般出现在首句或首段，因此我们要认真阅读这部分内容，以便掌握文章的导向，也有利于我们对上下文的理解。
2．把握作者的观点态度：议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是文章的论点。要去把握作者的观点，了解作者对某一事物的态度是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反对，通过把握作者的观点也就找准了文章的论点。
3．论点和论据相互结合：一般来说，能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在论点里得到印证，而论点里的某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来，使论点、论据形成相辅相成的关系，从而使整篇文章上下一致。如果我们所选的答案前后矛盾，论据与论点相悖，那么我们就要重新梳理文章，这样才能得到正确的答案。
说明文可利用以下方法：
1．理清文章结构，了解文章主旨：对全文有一个清晰的概念，理清了文章的结构才能掌握文章的主旨。
2．掌握说明顺序，弄懂逻辑关系：掌握了文章是按时间、空间、逻辑或认知等的顺序去组织后，才能理顺逻辑关系，才能找准关键信息，才能得出正确推论。
3．明白所举事例，找准突破口：为了说明一件事情或一个道理，说明文中常使用举例的方法，明白了所举的事例，也就找到了做题的突破口。
【考点剖析】
一、利用文章首句解题
完形填空的首句往往不设空，是一个完整的句子。通过细读首句，可以判断文章体裁，预测文章大意和主旨，对解题非常关键。
[典例] (2016·北京高考)It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr Welch __36__ a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be __37__ if it struck the town. Dr Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. __38__， the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
36．A.examined B．warned
C．interviewed D．cured
37．A.harmless B．helpless
C．fearless D．careless
38．A.Moreover B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．However
36.【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“knew he had diphtheria”可知，医生给小男孩做了检查。故选A。
37．【答案】B
【解析】根据第一段内容可知，因为有大雪封城，很难得到药品，所以这种传染病如果在整个小镇爆发，很多小孩都会很无助。故选B。
38．【答案】D
【解析】Welch(韦尔奇)大夫需要立即得到药品，而最近的药物供应地离这儿有一千多英里，前后两句话之间是转折关系，故选D。
二、利用习惯搭配或固定结构解题
完形填空中经常会考查一些习惯搭配或固定结构，此类试题相当容易，平时注意积累总结是关键。
[典例] (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)His son, age 15, who had __49__ an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50.unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.
A．missed B．failed
C．taken D．led
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take classes “上课”，故选C。
三、利用生活常识或文化背景解题
完形填空中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗人情等方面的知识，做题时利用这些知识，特别是注意中西方文化差异，巧妙地加以运用将会大大简化分析与判断过程，节省下宝贵的时间。
[典例] (2020·天津高考)Jones was __21__ when she said that she didn't actually 22.mind being cheated.
A．ashamed B．shocked
C．excited D．amused
【答案】B
【解析】 ashamed “羞愧的”；shocked “震惊的”；excited “兴奋的”；amused “逗乐的；觉得好笑的”。根据常识可知，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。
四、利用平行结构解题
平行结构是指结构相同或相似、意思密切相连、语气一致的句子或词组组成一串排列的语言现象(如由and, or等连接的短语或句子)。此种结构形式整齐匀称，内容联系紧密，利用它可以提高解题效率。
[典例] (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)“People have been __53__ there and standing there and taking 54.pictures of each other，” Ro says. “The town square was totally 55.full. ... ”
A．driving B．hiding
C．camping D．sitting
【答案】D
【解析】 and用于连接平行结构，与设空后standing对应的应该是sitting。故选D。
五、利用情感态度解题
在做完形填空时，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的基础上，留意能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇。因为这些词汇通常为我们做题的重要参考线索，可帮助我们快速确定某些题目的答案。
[典例] (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Freddy was an average 44.student,_but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情). He would 45.laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's __46__.
A．misfortune B．disbelief
C．dishonesty D．mistake
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前的saddest可知，只有不幸(misfortune)才令人伤心。故选A。
六、利用语义复现解题
语义复现不仅是同一个词，同义词、反义词、近义词都可能成为这类题目的解题关键点，但是这些词可能隐藏得比较深。上下文之间可能互相暗示答案，但有时上下文相隔较远，因此要注意寻找。
[典例1] (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)It was signed (签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51.researched it, he only found “Bonnard，” a French 52.painter he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53.surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54.garden as his father's painting.
... They __57__ the other painting and learned that it was ...
A．collected B．cleaned
C．framed D．studied
【答案】D
【解析】collect “收集”；clean “打扫”；frame “制定”；study “研究”。根据上文的“but when he __51__ it”可知，此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词复现，故选D。
[典例2] (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)But that 45.changed when a system of hightech __46__ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents (居民) of Rjukan 47.received their very first ray of winter sunshine：A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48.use. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49.directs them to turn along with the sun ...
A．computers B．telescopes
C．mirrors D．cameras
【答案】C
【解析】 根据下文中的“The mirrors are controlled ...”可知，此处应填mirrors(镜子)。故选C。
七、利用逻辑关系解题
此种方法是通过分析设空处前后文的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连词和起连词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。无论是句内层次题还是句组层次题，利用逻辑关系去解答都是一种重要的方法。
[典例1] (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)We went 10∶1 and I was named most valuable player, __48__ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller's 49.accident.
A．and B．then
C．but D．thus
【答案】C
【解析】设空前一句意为“我们以10∶1赢得了比赛，并且我被评为最有价值的球员”，设空后一句意为“我经常做疯狂的梦——在梦中我总认为自己应该为Miller(米勒)的车祸负责”。显然前后句为转折关系，故选C。
[典例2] (2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The following term, I 56.registered for an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57.prohibited. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. __58__， if there had been any talking, it would have 59.caused us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60.new way of communication it opens.
A．Lastly B．Thus
C．Instead D．However
【答案】C
【解析】根据上下文可知，作者很快意识到无声并非是不愉快的，相反(Instead)，如果有任何的谈话，会导致他们学习得更少。前后文为对比关系，故选C。
八、利用语境暗示解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度和评价、上下文的语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。无论是句内层次题还是句组层次题，我们常可通过上下文语境暗示，推导出正确答案。
[典例] (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41.bring with them lots of waste. ... tons of rubbish ... The environmental challenges are __48__ ...
A．new B．special
C．significant D．necessary
【答案】C
【解析】 根据上文“乞力马扎罗山有很多游客，制造了很多垃圾”可知，这里面临的环境挑战是巨大的(significant)，故选C。
【真题演练】
(2020·浙江高考)I've been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger seat.
One morning I __36__ a lost lamb when I was in the top field, near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its __37__， so I jumped out of the tractor to __38__ it while Don stayed in his seat.
Lamb and mother __39__， I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so __40__ because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. __41__ Don had somehow made the __42__move.
My heart froze in my chest as I __43__ the tractor heading towards the __44__. I ran desperately but failed to __45__. It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The __46__ thing I saw was Don's face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I __47__ the fence and looked over. The tractor was __48__ against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the __49__ road with fastflowing traffic. I couldn't see Don, but as I __50__ the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently __51__， and dashed back to me.
The police __52__ and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my __53__ it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been __54__. Don was given a special __55__ that night—I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.
36．A.dropped B．spotted
C．carried D．returned
37．A.kids B．friends
C．owner D．mother
38．A.ask about B．play with
C．tend to D．run into
39．A.freed B．switched
C．reunited D．examined
40．A.unexpected B．dangerous
C．embarrassing D．difficult
41．A.Fortunately B．Generally
C．Immediately D．Obviously
42．A.lamb B．vehicle
C．seat D．fence
43．A.saw B．stopped
C．remembered D．drove
44．A.crowd B．motorway
C．field D．hill
45．A.take off B．catch up
C．hold back D．get out
46．A.real B．best
C．basic D．last
47．A.fixed B．noticed
C．reached D．closed
48．A.resting B．running
C．parking D．turning
49．A.steep B．long
C．rough D．busy
50．A.abandoned B．approached
C．recognized D．repaired
51．A.unclean B．uncertain
C．unhurt D．unhappy
52．A.arrived B．replied
C．survived D．waited
53．A.ability B．dream
C．luck D．idea
54．A.common B．confusing
C．desirable D．awful
55．A.meal B．test
C．job D．lesson
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和自己的狗在一次外出时发生的惊险而有趣的故事。
36．【答案】B
【解析】下文提到小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以“我”是无意中发现了了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
37．【答案】D
【解析】根据下文“Lamb and mother”可知，小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。
38．【答案】C
【解析】ask about “询问”；play with “同……一起玩”；tend to “照看”；run into “撞上”。上文提到小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出“我”跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。
39．【答案】C
【解析】下文提到“我”转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以“我”才有心思去看“我”的拖拉机。故选C。
40．【答案】A
【解析】上文提到“我”看见拖拉机突然被开走了，下文提到“我”跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。
41．【答案】D
【解析】根据上文“while Don stayed in his seat”可知，“我”跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don(唐)还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选 D。
42．根据“I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me”可知，“我”转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了“我”。所以此处指的是Don开走了“我”的车。故选B。
43．【答案】A
【解析】下文提到，“我”拼命地追，所以“我”是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。
44．【答案】B
【解析】根据第二段中的“near where a motorway cuts through my land”和第五段中的“having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the __49__ road with fast－flowing traffic”可知，拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。
45．【答案】B
【解析】take off “起飞”；catch up “追上”；hold back “阻止”；get out “出去”。根据“I ran desperately”以及下文“It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.”可知，“我”没有追上拖拉机。故选B。
46．【答案】D
【解析】Don平静地看着“我”，这是“我”最后看到的事情。故选D。
47．【答案】C
【解析】根据“and looked over”可知，“我”是抵达栅栏。故选C。
48．【答案】A
【解析】根据“the crash barrier in the central reservation”可知，拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。
49. 【答案】D
【解析】根据“fast－flowing traffic”可知，这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。
50．【答案】B
【解析】下文提到“我”的狗冲回“我”身边，所以“我”一定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。
51．【答案】C
【解析】根据下文“no one got badly hurt”可知，“我”的狗没有受伤。故选C。
52．【答案】A
【解析】下文提到高速公路又恢复了正常运行可知，是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。
53．【答案】C
【解析】“我”的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速公路，结果却没有人受伤，所以“我”不相信“我”有这么好的运气。故选C。
54．【答案】D
【解析】根据上文作者的极度担忧“My heart froze in my chest”和“Heart in mouth”以及生活常识可知，动物开车上了高速公路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。
55．【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him”可知，“我”不想让它认为“我”生它的气，所以“我”给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。
(2020·江苏高考)Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success __36__ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the __37__ in our lives.
When twelveyearold John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no __38__ of knowing that his life was to change __39__. The class experiment that day was to __40__ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. __41__， the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat __42__ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container __43__， leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents __44__ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had __45__ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as __46__. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)__47__ public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from __48__ for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to __49__ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue __50__ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the __51__ Wilson made to preventing the __52__.
Wilson received several international __53__ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a __54__. He proved that it's not what happens to us that __55__ our lives—it's what we make of what happens.
36．A.depends B．holds
C．keeps D．reflects
37．A.dilemmas B．accidents
C．events D．steps
38．A.way B．hope
C．plan D．measure
39．A.continually B．gradually
C．gracefully D．completely
40．A.direct B．show
C．advocate D．declare
41．A.Anyway B．Moreover
C．Somehow D．Thus
42．A.mistakenly B．casually
C．amazingly D．clumsily
43．A.erupted B．exploded
C．emptied D．exposed
44．A.deserved B．attempted
C．cared D．agreed
45．A.submitted to B．catered for
C．impressed on D．happened to
46．A.fantastic B．extraordinary
C．impressive D．catastrophic
47．A.accomplished B．crucial
C．specific D．innocent
48．A.deafness B．depression
C．blindness D．speechlessness
49．A.decide B．abandon
C．control D．accept
50．A.until B．when
C．unless D．before
51．A.opposition B．adjustments
C．commitment D．limitations
52．A.preventable B．potential
C．spreadable D．influential
53．A.scholarships B．rewards
C．awards D．bonuses
54．A.fortune B．recipe
C．dream D．vision
55．A.distinguishes B．determines
C．claims D．limits
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。因为一次意外，Wilson(威尔逊)失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。文章旨在告诉我们：成功取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
36．【答案】A
【解析】结合设空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on “取决于”。故选A。
37．【答案】C
【解析】句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。dilemmas “进退两难的处境”；accidents “意外事故”；events “事，事件”；steps “脚步，步骤”。故选C。
38．【答案】A
【解析】句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的John Wilson(约翰·威尔逊)走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。John Wilson 无法预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
39．【答案】D
【解析】continually “不断地”；gradually “逐渐地”；gracefully “优雅地”；completely “完全地”。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这完全改变了他的生活。故选D。
40．【答案】B
【解析】那天课堂实验的目的是展示加热一个盛水的容器如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
41．【答案】C
【解析】句意：不知怎么地，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。Anyway “无论如何，不管怎样”；Moreover “而且”；Somehow “不知怎么地”；Thus “因此”。故选C。
42. 【答案】A
【解析】mistakenly “错误地”；casually “随意地”；amazingly “令人惊奇地”；clumsily “笨拙地”。老师误在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸。故选A。
43．【答案】B
【解析】erupt “爆发，喷出”；explode “爆炸”；empty “腾空，掏空”；expose “揭露，使暴露”。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
44．【答案】B
【解析】句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。deserve “值得，应得，应受”；attempt “试图，尝试”；care “关心，在乎”；agree “同意”。故选B。
45．【答案】D
【解析】submit to “提交，服从……”；cater for “迎合”；impress on “给……留下印象”；happen to “发生”。这场事故发生在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
46．【答案】D
【解析】fantasti “极好的”；extraordinary “不同寻常的”；impressive “给人印象深刻的”；catastrophic “灾难性的，毁灭性的”。根据上文以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。由but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是灾难性的。故选D。
47．【答案】A
【解析】句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。accomplished “才华高的，有成就的”；crucial “至关重要的，关键性的”；specific “特定的，具体的”；innocent “无辜的，天真的”。故选A。
48．【答案】 C
【解析】结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the __51__ Wilson made to preventing the __52__.”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。故选C。
49．【答案】D
【解析】根据上文最后三句可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他接受了自己失明的事实。故选D。
50．【答案】B
【解析】until “直到”；when “在……的情况下，当……的时候”；unless “如果不”；before “在……之前”。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。故选B。
51．【答案】C
【解析】opposition “反对”；adjustments “调整，调节”；commitment “奉献，投入”；limitations “限制”。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的奉献，很多人恢复了视力。故选C。
52．【答案】A
【解析】preventable “可预防的，可阻止的”；potential “潜在的，有潜力的”；spreadable “(黄油等)容易被涂开的”；influential “有影响力的”。结合设空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防可以预防的情况。故选A。
53【答案】C
【解析】．句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。scholarship “奖学金”；reward “奖励，回报”；award “奖，奖品”；bonus “红利，津贴”。故选C。
54．【答案】D
【解析】根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的眼界开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
55．【答案】B
【解析】结合第一段中的“Success __36__ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the __37__ in our lives.”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情决定我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。故选B。
(2015·浙江高考)Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, I've watched one friend after another land highranking, highpaying Wall Street jobs. As executives (高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now __21__ on their way to impressive careers. By society's __22__， they seem to have it made.
On the surface，these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a __23__ drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with longtime roommates, and __24__ out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine __25__ a college year's monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.
The thing is, a number of them have __26__ that despite their success, they aren't happy. Some __27__ of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eighthour workweeks devoted to tasks they __28__. Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and __29__. However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the __30__ to which they have so quickly become __31__.
People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and __32__ in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they __33__ or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion: it's __34__. They have loans, bills, a mortgage (抵押贷款) to __35__， retirement to save for. They recognize there's something __36__ in their lives, but it's __37__ to step off the track.
In a society that tends to __38__ everything in terms of dollars and cents，we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our __39__ in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs __40__ in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore—and the very ones we need to consider most.
21．A.much B．never
C．seldom D．well
22．A.policies B．standards
C．experiments D．regulations
23．A.last B．least
C．second D．best
24．A.cycled B．moved
C．slid D．looked
25．A.shared B．paid
C．equaled D．collected
26．A.advertised B．witnessed
C．admitted D．demanded
27．A.complain B．dream
C．hear D．approve
28．A.distribute B．hate
C．applaud D．neglect
29．A.calm B．guilty
C．warm D．empty
30．A.family B．government
C．lifestyle D．project
31．A.accustomed B．appointed
C．unique D．available
32．A.yet B．also
C．instead D．rather
33．A.let out B．turn in
C．give up D．believe in
34．A.fundamental B．practical
C．impossible D．unforgettable
35．A.take off B．drop off
C．put off D．pay off
36．A.missing B．inspiring
C．sinking D．shining
37．A.harmful B．hard
C．useful D．normal
38．A.measure B．suffer
C．digest D．deliver
39．A.disasters B．motivations
C．campaigns D．decisions
40．A.assessed B．involved
C．covered D．reduced
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者大学毕业后在工作和生活的体验中所理解的“成功”的真正含义——物质上的成功和享受并不代表精神上的富足和幸福。
21．【答案】D
【解析】事业很顺利，此处应该用副词well修饰。故选D。
22．【答案】B
【解析】按照当前社会的标准(standards)来判断的话，他们已经都算成功人士了。policy “政策”； experiment “实验”； regulation “规则”。故选B。
23．【答案】A
【解析】他们毕业前在当地廉价但很友好的酒吧里喝了最后一次(last)酒。故选A。
24．【答案】B
【解析】搬出了狭小的公寓楼住进了高楼大厦。move (移动)符合题意。故选B。
25．【答案】C
【解析】此处表述成功后他们再也不会去小酒吧喝酒，而是在大饭店里就餐，那里一瓶酒的花费相当于他们大学期间一个月的房租。equal意为“等于”，符合语境。故选C。
26【答案】C
【解析】．很多人承认(admitted)尽管取得了成功，但他们并不快乐。故选C。
27．【答案】A
【解析】有的人抱怨(complain)不友好的同事。故选A。
28．【答案】B
【解析】把八小时的工作日用在了自己讨厌(hate)的任务上让一些人感到很可悲。故选B。
29．【答案】D
【解析】由该句中的“Some do not respect the companies they work for”及“feeling tired”可知，此处感到空虚，符合语境。故选D。
30．【答案】C
【解析】根据设空后定语从句所表达的含义“他们这么快就变得……”可知，此处指他们发现自己的工作目的只是为了支撑这种奢侈的生活方式(lifestyle)。故选C。
31．【答案】A
【解析】他们这么快就习惯的生活方式。固定搭配be/become accustomed to “习惯于……”。故选A。
32．【答案】A
【解析】人们经常说要走一条更令人满意的路，可是(yet)到最后……。前后意思上是转折关系。故选A。
33. 【答案】D
【解析】此处表示放弃他们现在的工作，去为自己相信的东西而努力。believe in “相信”，符合语境。故选D。
34．【答案】C
【解析】由下一句提及他们背负的经济责任可知，此处表述要按自己的意愿选择是不可能的。故选C。
35．【答案】D
【解析】他们有贷款、各种账单以及抵押贷款需要偿还(pay off)。故选D。
36．【答案】A
【解析】他们意识到他们在生活中正在失去(missing) 一些东西，可是……。故选A。
37．【答案】B
【解析】尽管意识到生活中有些东西失去了，但要脱离原来的生活轨道是困难的。故选B。
38．【答案】A
【解析】在一个倾向于用金钱来衡量(measure)一切的社会里。故选A。
39．【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们从很小的时候就学会用经济因素来考虑决策的成本。由句意故选D。
40．【答案】B
【解析】根据上文“we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our __39__ in financial terms”可知，此处指在追求金钱的过程中所涉及的个人和社会成本。be involved in “涉及，牵涉，与……有关”，符合语境。故选B。
【过关检测】
Frey is on her way to the Pottery (陶器) Workshop in Shanghai. She willingly __1__ the training courses of the workshop every Tuesday, spending three or four hours __2__ there.
After five weeks of __3__， she is looking forward to taking home the first bowl she makes with her own hands as a __4__ souvenir. “I've enjoyed every minute at the workshop. It enables me to make friends and learn how to make pottery with the directions and __5__ from others，”
Frey says. Also, she feels very comfortable in the workshop, which creates a __6__ atmosphere like classroom in which people from different backgrounds gather __7__ to create their works. As a foreigner, Frey has adopted pottery making to __8__ her own ideas and thoughts. “The whole process of making a pottery piece may look rather __9__ to a beginner, but I still keep on, and __10__ I will leave with a whole case of my works by the end of our stay，” Frey says.
Sharing the same enthusiasm, Maggie Guo, a former clothes __11__ and now a housewife is trying to complete her “pottery dream”. “I __12__ to study pottery when I applied to university many years ago, but I eventually get engaged in clothes design, which became my __13__，” Guo says. Now, after years in that field, she still __14__ learning pottery. She attends the workshop to finally realize the __15__ she had put on the shelf for so many years. “I am always surprised and __16__ to see the final works of my own, and it __17__ me to learn the real meaning of being an __18__.”
They both think more people should __19__ into the world of pottery making to experience the __20__ of creativity with simple materials.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了两位来自不同背景的人在上海学习陶器制作的经历。
1．A.passes B．keeps
C．gives D．attends
【答案】D
【解析】根据下文“I've enjoyed every minute at the workshop.”可知，她每周二都去上课，而且认真学习。因此她很愿意上(attend)这种训练课。
2．A.practicing B．showing
C．acting D．playing
【答案】A
【解析】 每周的训练课，她都会花三到四个小时在那里练习(practice)。
3．A.activities B．classes
C．findings D．skills
【答案】B
【解析】 在上完五周的课(class)后，她想带一件自己做的作品回家。
4．A.formal B．traditional
C．special D．random
【答案】C
【解析】她想把自己做的第一个碗带回家，作为一件特殊的(special)纪念品。
5．A.expectations B．comments
C．suggestions D．assessments
【答案C
【解析】她不仅认识了很多朋友，还在其他人的指导和建议(suggestion)下学会了如何制作陶器。
6．A.funny B．tense
C．dull D．pleasant
【答案】D
【解析】在这个工艺坊里她感觉很舒服，因为这里营造出和教室里一样的令人轻松愉快的(pleasant)氛围。
7．A.regularly B．nervously
C．secretly D．perfectly
【答案】A
【解析】来自不同背景的人们每周定期(regularly)聚集在这里创作艺术品。
8．A.follow B．introduce
C．express D．get
【答案】C
【解析】 作为一位外国人，Frey把陶器制作作为表达(express)自己观点和看法的方式。
9．A.safe B．complex
C．logical D．artificial
【答案】B
【解析】制作陶器的整个过程对于一个初学者来说是很复杂的(complex)，但是她没放弃，依旧继续学习。
10．A.naturally B．surprisingly
C．casually D．hopefully
【答案】D
【解析】她希望(hopefully)在离开中国之前能自己制作出一件完整的陶艺品。
11．A.designer B．saleswoman
C．collector D．advertiser
【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“but I eventually worked on clothes design”可知，她是一位服装设计师(designer)。
12．A.refused B．meant
C．pretended D．continued
【答案】B
【解析】她刚开始申请大学时原打算学习陶器，但是最终还是学了服装设计。
13．A.judgment B．career
C．burden D．motivation
【答案】B
【解析】她最终学了服装设计，这个成了她的职业(career)。
14．A.ends up with B．catches up with
C．looks forward to D．looks up to
【答案】C
【解析】现在，虽然她在服装设计领域学习了那么多年，但她依旧期望(look forward to)学习陶器。
15．A.value B．victory
C．description D．dream
【答案】D
【解析】她去陶器工艺坊学习来实现她多年对于陶器的梦想(dream)。
16．A.disappointed B．scared
C．calm D．happy
【答案】D
【解析】能看到自己亲手制作出来的陶器，她总是震惊和开心的(happy)。
17．A.forces B．reminds
C．allows D．expects
【答案】C
【解析】这可以让(allow)她体会到作为一名艺术家的真正意义。
18．A.architect B．artist
C．ambassador D．accountant
【答案】B
【解析】根据上下文语境可知，此处指制作陶器，因此应该是一名艺术家(artist)。
19．A.step B．move
C．break D．turn
【答案】A
【解析】上面介绍的两人通过学陶器的经历告诉更多的人们应该步入(step)制作陶器的世界。
20．A.magic B．habit
C．principle D．impression
【答案】A
【解析】她们认为，更多的人们应该进入制作陶器的世界来领略简单材料带来的创造魔力(magic)。
Now it was time for the wheat to come into the ears, but the weather was so dry that the old men's hair was turning grey out of concern. This morning, the clouds were rolling and the thunders were __1__. It began to pour soon. Finally, the old farmers who were looking forward to the rain happily ran to the __2__ of the field, looked at the rainfed crops, and made a __3__ to the sky excitedly.
A stone lying on the ground witnessed this and was very unhappy about it. It said __4__ “Oh, it seems that everything is happy for it! It seems that the rain were an international guest of __5__ but what did it do? It has only been two __6__ three hours. What's the big deal? Nonsense！” The stone looked at himself and said, “Yes. I have lived here for thousands of years. I have been so __7__ and polite, but no one comes to __8__ me and thank me. The world is so __9__. It's __10__ that I often hear people say the world is ugly.”
“Shut up！” An insect listened impatiently and __11__ the stone with a firm tone: “The rain does not __12__ long and sometimes even remains at most one hour, but rain is moistening the earth. With the __13__ of the rain water, the farmers can get harvest, and __14__ living here for hundreds of thousands of years in the field, you are completely useless. Not only that, but you are still __15__ this piece of rich soil. You are just a piece of useless __16__. Who got any good from you? You are worthless, isn't it？” The stone was __17__ and bowed his head in __18__.
Similar to this stone, some people like to boast (自吹自擂) of their forty years of hard labor and their __19__ to the people. What is the essential difference between them? No one has received any benefits from them, and what is the __20__ of their existence?
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章采用拟人手法来阐述有用的有价值的人和只知道自吹自擂的人之间的本质区别是什么。
1．A.flashing B．appearing
C．booming D．happening
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空后的“It began to pour soon.”可知，下雨前先出现打雷声，故选C。
2．A.center B．edge
C．bottom D．top
【答案】B
【解析】根据“the old farmers who were looking forward to the rain happily ran to the __2__ of the field”可知，雨的到来让老农们都高兴地跑到田边，the edge of the field意为“田边”，故选B。
3．A.bow B．choice
C．decision D．hit
【答案】A
【解析】 根据设空前的“looked at the rainfed crops”可知，老农们盼望着这场雨，向天空鞠了一躬表示感谢，故选A。
4．A.enthusiastically B．disgusting
C．enviously D．deliberately
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前的“and was very unhappy about it”和设空后的“It seems that the rain were an international guest of __5__ but what did it do？”可知，一块石头看到此情此景非常不高兴，嫉妒地说：“雨都做了什么？”故选C。
5．A.honor B．pleasure
C．pity D．trouble
【答案】A
【解析】 根据前文“looked at the rainfed crops, and made a __3__ to the sky excitedly”可知，老农们向天空鞠躬这一幕被石头看在了眼里，让石头认为“雨像一位贵宾，但它做了什么？”guest of honor意为“贵宾”，故选A。
6．A.and B．to
C．or D．till
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空处所在句子可知，此处是说雨每次只持续两到三个小时，是选择关系，而非并列关系，故选C。
7．A.hopeful B．modest
C．helpful D．proud
【答案】B
【解析】modest “谦虚的”。根据设空后的“and polite”可知，“谦虚的”和“礼貌的”语义相近，而其他选项与题意不符，故选B。
8．A.inform B．greet
C．praise D．comfort
【答案】C
【解析】根据上文的“and made a __3__ to the sky excitedly”可知，雨得到了人们的尊敬和感谢，所以石头在抱怨没人赞扬和感谢自己，praise意为“赞扬，表扬”，与题意相符，故选C。
9．A.unfortunate B．unfair
C．awkward D．impressive
【答案】B
【解析】根据上文石头那些抱怨的话语可知，石头认为这个世界非常不公平，故选B。
10．A.no doubt B．no pain
C．no way D．no wonder
【答案】D
【解析】根据设空前内容可知，石头认为这个世界非常不公平，所以它觉得难怪世界这么丑陋，no wonder后可加从句，意为“难怪”，与题意相符，故选D。
11．A.interrupted B．refused
C．disturbed D．interviewed
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前的“‘Shut up！’ An insect listened impatiently”可知，一只昆虫听得不耐烦了，打断(interrupt)了石头的话，故选A。
12．A.arrive B．leave
C．last D．lie
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空后的“and sometimes even remains at most one hour”可知，设空处所填单词和remain意义相近，last在此处作动词，意为“持续”，故选C。
13．A.instruction B．leadership
C．guides D．aid
【答案】D
【解析】根据第一段的“looked at the rainfed crops”可知，雨能帮助农民获得丰收，with the aid of意为“在……的帮助下”，故选D。
14．A.in favor of B．in honor of
C．in spite of D．in memory of
【答案】C
【解析】 in favor of “赞成”；in honor of “向……表示敬意”；in spite of “尽管”；in memory of “纪念……”。根据设空后的“you are completely useless”可知，“living here for hundreds of thousands of years in the field”和后文构成让步转折的关系，表示尽管石头生活了几十万年，但完全没有发挥作用，故选C。
15．A.taking off B．taking up
C．holding on D．holding up
【答案】B
【解析】take up意为“占据(时间、空间)”，与句意相符，故选B。
16．A.carriage B．baggage
C．space D．field
【答案】B
【解析】根据“but you are still __15__ this piece of rich soil”可知，这只昆虫认为和雨水能够滋润土壤相比，石头不仅没有用处，而且还占据着土地，所以昆虫认为石头是个无用的累赘，此处baggage指“累赘”，故选B。
17．A.cheerful B．hopeless
C．thankful D．speechless
【答案】D
【解析】根据设空前的内容可知，听了昆虫的话，石头无言以对，speechless意为“说不出话的”，故选D。
18．A.shame B．pride
C．sign D．comfort
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前的“The stone was __17__”可知，石头无话可说并惭愧地低下了头，in shame相当于副词修饰bow，故选A。
19．A.devotion B．determination
C．inspiration D．courage
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前的“their forty years of hard labor”可知，设空处和其并列，所以是“贡献”，故选A。
20．A.assessment B．value
C．importance D．base
【答案】B
【解析】根据设空前的“No one has received any benefits from them”可知，没有人从那些吹嘘自己的人身上得到任何好处，也就无从体现个人的价值(value)，故选B。
A loving person lives in a loving world while a hostile person lives in a hostile world. Everyone you meet is your mirror.
Mirrors reflecting the __1__ have a very particular function. Just as a physical mirror serves as the tool of __2__， so do all of the people in our lives.
When we see something __3__ such as a flower garden, green grass, a clear river etc, they serve as a reflection. In order to see the beauty in front of us, we must be able to see the beauty __4__ of ourselves. When we love someone, it's a reflection of loving ourselves. Often, when we meet someone __5__， we feel as though we've known each other for a long time because of sharing __6__.
Just as the “mirror” or other person can be a(n) __7__ reflection, it is more likely that we'll notice it when it has a negative connotation (含义). For example, it's easy to __8__ times when we have met someone we don't like. We may have some __9__ in our mind about the person. This is especially true when we get to know someone hateful, with whom we would rather __10__ less time. Ironically, when we __11__ qualities in other people, it's usually the mirror that's speaking to us. I began __12__ myself further each time I met someone that I didn't particularly like. Each time, I asked myself, “What is it about that person that I don't like？” and __13__ “Is there something similar in me？”. In every case, I could see a piece of that __14__ in me, and sometimes I had to think it over. So what did that mean?
It means that just as I can get __15__ or disturbed when I notice that aspect in someone else, I better reexamine my qualities and consider making some __16__. Even if I'm not willing to make an extreme change, at least I consider how I might __17__ some of the things that I'm doing.
Sometimes we meet someone strange and feel distant, disconnected, or disgusted. __18__ we don't want to believe it, and it's not easy or desirable to look further, it can be a great learning lesson to __19__ out what part of the person is being reflected in you. It's simply just another way to create more __20__.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。你讨厌的某个人，或许你身上也具有相同之处。所以多多向内审视自己，你会发现世界更美好！
1．A.image B．picture
C．version D．figure
【答案】A
【解析】句意：镜子有一个非常特殊的功能：反射镜前的事物。mirror image “镜像”，固定词组。
2．A.calculation B．reaction
C．reflection D．comprehension
【答案】C
【解析】根据上文中“Mirrors reflecting ...”可知，此处选C。reflection “反射，镜像”。
3．A.ridiculous B．unbelievable
C．concrete D．beautiful
【答案】D
【解析】根据下文“a flower garden, green grass, a clear river etc.”都是美好的事物。对应的应该是正向的、美好的词。也对应后一句的beauty。故选D。
4．A.beside B．inside
C．alongside D．behind
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们必须有能力看到我们自己内心的(inside)美丽，才能看到在我们面前的美丽。故选B。
5．A.familiar B．former
C．strange D．ordinary
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当我们遇到一些陌生(strange)人，因为相似，我们感到好像认识彼此很久。故选C。
6．A.opinions B．similarities
C．virtues D．characteristics
【答案】B
【解析】对陌生人有熟悉感是因为有相似之处。
7．A.positive B．objective
C．abstract D．psychological
【答案】A
【解析】positive “正向的”；句意：就像镜子或者其他人一样可以有正向反馈，我们更加有可能注意到有负向含义。后面的“more likely”，暗示转折，故应为negative(负面的)反义词，故选A。
8．A.remember B．assess
C．regret D．accept
【答案】A
【解析】句意：具体来说，我们很容易记住当我们遇到一些我们不喜欢的人的时刻。
9．A.recognition B．affection
C．suspicion D．criticism
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们可能在意念里对一个人批判(criticism)。根据上下文，都是负向意思，并且句子中没有转折。这里句子也应该是负向意思，故选D。
10．A.spend B．value
C．reserve D．spare
【答案】A
【解析】spend用于以人作主语的句子中，此处指因为不喜欢某个人，所以和其在一起的时间就少。
11．A.treasure B．admire
C．envy D．dislike
【答案】D
【解析】dislike “不喜欢”；ironically “具有讽刺意味地”；表加强，和前面句子的情感方向保持一致。和后文“each time I met someone that I didn't particularly like”为同义替换。
12．A.distinguishing B．questioning
C．trusting D．suspecting
【答案】B
【解析】句意：当我每次遇到某些我不是特别喜欢的人，我就开始深度拷问自己。同义替换后文“each time, I asked myself”。
13．A.still B．yet
C．so D．then
【答案】D
【解析】句意：那个人身上我有什么不喜欢？并且，那人和我有没有相似？then表并列。故选D。
14．A.quality B．progress
C．information D．improvement
【答案】A
【解析】 和最后一段的qualities对应，原单词重现。句意：每次，我可以看到在我身上的那种品质(quality)。
15．A.excited B．satisfied
C．annoyed D．puzzled
【答案】C
【解析】设空后为“or disturbed”，故设空处应与or后的单词词意一致，故选C。
16．A.choices B．decisions
C．plans D．changes
【答案】D
【解析】下一句中的change为提示。句意：我会更好的重新反思我的品质和考虑做一些改变(change)。
17．A.adapt B．transform
C．modify D．swap
【答案】C
【解析】句意：即使我不愿意去做一些大的改变，至少我会考虑我可能会调整(modify)一些我正在做的事情。
18．A.Because B．When
C．Although D．However
【答案】C
【解析】句意：虽然(although)我们不想去承认这件事。
19．A.pick B．find
C．hold D．bring
【答案】B
【解析】find out “找到；发现”。句意：这是很不错的一课去探索出(find out)这个人的哪一部分也在你身上折射。
20．A.selfawareness B．selfesteem
C．selfconfidence D．selfsatisfaction
【答案】A
【解析】文章讲述自我审视的好处，故此处指通过别人形成自我审视的意识。
Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy that uses dance, drama, music, poetry, and art to enhance one's overall well－being. The arts are used to let go, __1__ and to release.
People have been using the arts as tools for __2__for many centuries. In the early 1940's expressive arts therapy became formally __3__ and has since provided meaningful therapeutic __4__ for people of all ages in a variety of treatment settings. There is no right or wrong way in the arts and clients are encouraged to be __5__ with self－expression. Expressive arts therapy focuses on the __6__ of making art and exploring __7__ the piece means to the individual, __8__ the final product.
Through the arts, people can __9__ ideas and feelings that may be hard to put into words, such as negative memories and stress. It has been __10__ that use of the arts can help people develop social skills, __11__ anxiety, manage behavior, and increase self－confidence. A free form of expression makes clients __12__ of their own work by reducing the need to compare themselves to others, an unfortunate problem seen today.
Expressive arts therapists are professionally __13__. Anyone can be an expressive art therapist provided that they get the appropriate training. Knowledge in psychology is __14__ to all training, but from there training __15__ includes getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically. Some professionals extend their __16__ and obtain a PhD in expressive therapy.
__17__ expressive arts therapy is unique, the clinical goal is __18__ to other mental health professions. This __19__ is to facilitate clients' growth and __20__ change.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。在心理学上，表达性艺术治疗借助舞蹈、戏剧、音乐、绘画等方式，把内心的真实状况表达出来，从而达到心理治疗的目的。
1．A.admit B．express
C．examine D．trust
【答案】B
【解析】根据设空前后的“Expressive arts therapy”和“let go”以及“release”可知，选B符合语境。
2．A.explaining B．proving
C．healing D．judging
【答案】C
【解析】根据文章开头的“Expressive arts therapy”可知，它是一种治疗的方法，故选C。
3．A.recognized B．relieved
C．affected D．controlled
【答案】A
【解析】在20世纪40年代早期，表达性艺术治疗被正式认可，自此以后，该治疗手法就给各类人提供了重要的治疗体验经历。
4．A.results B．experiences
C．causes D．questions
【答案】B
【解析】experience “经历”，符合语境。
5．A.angry B．bored
C．strict D．free
【答案】D
【解析】根据第12空前的“A free form of expression”可知，表达性艺术治疗鼓励人们自由(free)地表达自我，并没有对错之分。
6．A.secret B．technique
C．difficulty D．process
【答案】D
【解析】根据第8空后的“the final product”可知，表达性艺术治疗注重创作艺术的过程(process)，注重作品对于个人的意义所在(what)，而非(rather than)最终的作品。
7．A.when B．which
C．what D．where
【答案】C
【解析】此处用what表示“什么”，引导宾语从句。
8．A.as to B．or rather
C．rather than D．other than
【答案】C
【解析】rather than “而不是”，符合语境。
9．A.communicate B．produce
C．reject D．test
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空后的“be hard to put into words”可知，通过表达性艺术治疗，人们可以将那些无法诉诸语言的想法和情感表达(communicate)出来。
10．A.offered B．shown
C．guided D．driven
【答案】B
【解析】根据设空后的运用表达性艺术治疗的好处可知，选B符合语境。
11．A.create B．feel
C．reduce D．recall
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空前后内容可知，该句在谈运用表达性艺术治疗的好处，故选C。
12．A.tired B．proud
C．afraid D．unaware
【答案】B
【解析】根据设空后的“reducing the need to compare themselves to others”可知，自由表达的方式让人们对自己的作品感到自豪(proud)。
13．A.hired B．served
C．awarded D．trained
【答案】D
【解析】根据下一句中的“get the appropriate training”可知，选D。
14．A.basic B．enough
C．impossible D．strange
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空后的内容可知，心理学知识是所有培训的基本(basic)内容。
15．A.finally B．typically
C．luckily D．hardly
【答案】B
【解析】根据设空后列出的培训内容可知，这些都是比较有典型意义的培训内容，故选B。
16．A.visit B．life
C．education D．money
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空后的“obtain a PhD in expressive therapy”可知，一些专家扩展教育(education)内容。
17．A.If B．Although
C．Unless D．Since
【答案】B
【解析】虽然(although)表达性艺术治疗很独特，但是临床目标与其他的心理健康行业是相似的(similar)。
18．A.unequal B．friendly
C．known D．similar
【答案】D
【解析】 be similar to “与……相似”，符合语境。
19．A.goal B．profession
C．clinic D．theory
【答案】A
【解析】根据设空前一句中的“the clinical goal”可知，选A。
20．A.unwelcome B．seasonal
C．positive D．cultural
【答案】C
【解析】根据设空前的growth可知，选C符合语境。
Are you going to school for something your parents pushed on you? Are you doing things just because others expect you to? I found many __1__ in my Life Coaching lessons. The biggest one some students are having is that they are living a life someone else has __2__ for them.
Why on earth would someone live a life that someone else wants for him? Usually, the main __3__ is his parents. When we're growing up, we must do what our parents want us to do. We really don't have our own __4__. The problem is that most parents are overly __5__ that they know what's best for their children. Many parents __6__ their children to make certain educational __7__. Some parents won't __8__ their children's college, unless the children learn __9__ what the parents decide.
Parents aren't the only ones __10__ their ideas on my students. I have some students who are doing jobs they really __11__， but their friends or relatives would not support them if they apply for a __12__ job they'd like better.
Are you allowing others to decide what life you are living now? If so, it is a __13__.
Even if you are about to __14__ for college and you find that the only way your parents will pay school fees for you is that you choose Business, but you want to __15__ Art ... And at this moment I don't __16__ that you choose the major you have no __17__. Follow your heart.
Remember, __18__ choose your major or job that you don't like just because of others' ideas. If you choose what you like, you will be a(n) __19__ person and will positively influence others. Live the life you want from now on __20__ you will get happiness.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要告诉我们：做自己喜欢做的事，不要受他人的影响，你会变得很快乐。
1．A.students B．problems
C．examples D．results
【答案】B
【解析】student “学生”；problem “问题”；example “例子”；result “结果”。由上文的两个问句可知，在作者人生辅导课上，发现了很多问题。故选B。
2．A.designed B．trained
C．introduced D．expressed
【答案】A
【解析】design “设计”；train “训练”；introduce “介绍”；express “表达”。句意：一些学生最大的问题是，他们过着别人为他们设计的生活。故选A。
3．A.rule B．reason
C．news D．information
【答案】B
【解析】由上文的“Why”可知，此处回答上文提的问题，强调原因。句意：通常，主要原因是他的父母。故选B。
4．A.excuses B．complaints
C．wishes D．choices
【答案】D
【解析】 excuse “借口”；complaint “抱怨”；wish “祝愿”；choice “选择”。由前句“When we're growing up, we must do what our parents want us to do.”可知，在成长的过程中，我们必须做父母想让我们做的事，我们没有自己的选择。故选D。
5．A.excited B．worried
C．confident D．careful
【答案】C
【解析】excited “激动的”；worried “担忧的”；confident “自信的”；careful “仔细的”。句意：问题是，大多数父母过于自信，认为他们知道什么对孩子最好。故选C。
6．A.expect B．allow
C．agree D．teach
【答案】A
【解析】expect “期望”；allow “允许”；agree “同意”；teach “教”。句意：许多家长希望他们的孩子能在教育上有所成就。故选A。
7．A.challenges B．practices
C．experiences D．achievements
【答案】D
【解析】challenge “挑战”；practice “实践”；experience “经历”；achievement “成就”。句意：许多家长希望他们的孩子能在教育上有所成就。故选D。
8．A.turn to B．learn about
C．pay for D．drop in
【答案】C
【解析】turn to “转向”；learn about “了解”；pay for “支付”；drop in “顺便走访”。由下文“your parents will pay school fees for you”提示可知，一些父母不会为孩子上大学付钱。故选C。
9．A.regularly B．nearly
C．gradually D．exactly
【答案】D
【解析】regularly “有规律地”；nearly “几乎”；gradually “逐渐地”；exactly “确切地”。句意：除非孩子们确切地遵从父母的决定，否则他们是不会为孩子上大学付钱的。故选D。
10．A.offering B．placing
C．depending D．trying
【答案】B
【解析】 offer “提供”；place “放置；安排”；depend “依靠”；try “尝试”。由文章情境可知，此处强调是一种“强迫”的行为，不是只有父母把他们的想法强加给我的学生。故选B。
11．A.hate B．enjoy
C．appreciate D．accept
【答案】A
【解析】hate “讨厌”；enjoy “喜欢”；appreciate “欣赏”；accept “接受”。句意：我有一些学生做着他们非常讨厌的工作。故选A。
12．A.familiar B．similar
C．different D．terrible
【答案】C
【解析】familiar “熟悉的”；similar “相似的”；different “不同的”；terrible “可怕的”。句意：但是如果他们申请一份他们更喜欢的不同工作，他们的朋友或亲戚不会支持他们。故选C。
13．A.mistake B．chance
C．decision D．character
【答案】A
【解析】由下文的内容可知，作者反对别人为自己规划设计人生，所以说是一个错误。故选A。
14．A.send B．look
C．head D．wait
【答案】C
【解析】由下文的“choose Business”及“Art”可知，此处head for college是“上大学”的意思。即使你即将上大学，你发现你父母为你支付学费的唯一方式是你选择商业这个专业。故选C。
15．A.refuse B．learn
C．change D．copy
【答案】B
【解析】refuse “拒绝”；learn “学习”；change “改变”；copy “复制”。句意：你想学习艺术。故选B。
16．A.remember B．trouble
C．mind D．suggest
【答案】D
【解析】remember “记得”；trouble “使苦恼”；mind “介意”；suggest “建议”。句意：此时此刻，我不建议你选择你不感兴趣的专业。故选D。
17．A.interest B．explanation
C．advantage D．preparation
【答案】A
【解析】interest “兴趣”；explanation “解释”；advantage “优势”；preparation “准备”。由下文“Follow your heart.”可知，选择你感兴趣的专业。故选A。
18．A.sometimes B．never
C．often D．still
【答案】B
【解析】由下文“just because of others' ideas”可知，记住，永远不要因为别人的想法而选择你不喜欢的专业或工作。故选B。
19．A.beautiful B．clever
C．happy D．honest
【答案】C
【解析】由下文“you will get happiness”可知，如果你选择你喜欢的，你将是一个快乐的人，并将积极影响他人。故选C。
20．A.but B．and
C．or D．although
【答案】B
【解析】这里考查祈使句＋and＋句子。句意：从现在开始过你想要的生活，你会得到幸福。故选B。
One of my teammates said it best on our last day of the season：“Guys, you are my family. We are all brothers.” Our tennis team is more than just a group of individual players thrown 1 ； there is a friendship 2 by no other group with which I have been involved. We are 3 ， yet connected. We have student－athletes from all four years of high school, from different parts of the city, and from different families and social 4 . Nevertheless, we are all 5 by a shared love of tennis. The tennis team 6 to me because it contains two things that I treasure most: tennis and 7 .
Ever since I was ten years old, the 8 aspect of tennis has attracted me to the physical sport. My first tennis coach always used to say, “Tennis is 10% physical and 90% mental.”
9 the mental strength to stay 10 and controlled under pressure, skills are 11 . Sometimes I feel like I have two 12 in a match: me against the person on the other side of the net, and me against the person inside my head, telling me to hit a better shot.
However, despite the 13 pressures of tennis, the brotherhood 14 by working together as a team helps spread the 15 of the pressure over an entire group. We 16 each other on and off the court. We do this because we have become a(n) 17 away from home. I play my best tennis when I have my team's full support, 18 in the knowledge that they are always backing me 19 . I know that each one of us puts everything we have into every 20 whether we are playing or cheering.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。我们是有着不同背景的网球队员，对网球的热爱使我们组成一个大家庭；在比赛中，由于得到了队员的全力支持，“我”常常能发挥出最佳球技。网球队让我们成为好兄弟。
1．A.around B．back
C．forward D．together
【答案】D
【解析】根据第一段首句中的“Guys, you are my family. We are all brothers.”可知，我们的网球队不仅仅是由单独的球员偶然聚在一起的一个团队；由该段中的关键词“individual players”可推知，设空处表示“使偶然相遇”，故D项正确。
2．A.earned B．followed
C．matched D．noticed
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们的网球队有着其他队伍不能匹敌的友谊。C项意为“相匹敌”，故C项正确。
3．A.courageous B．diverse
C．motivated D．skillful
【答案】B
【解析】根据该句“We are 3 ， yet connected.”并结合下句“We have student－athletes from all four years of high school, from different parts of the city, and from different families and social 4 .”可知，我们各不相同，但是彼此又有联系。B项意为“不同的，多样的”，故B项正确。
4．A.activities B．backgrounds
C．responsibilities D．services
【答案】B
【解析】根据该句内容可推知，我们的社会背景各不相同。B项意为“背景”，故B项正确。
5．A.disturbed B．sponsored
C．trained D．united
【答案】D
【解析】句意：然而，对网球共同的爱把我们联合在一起。D项意为“联合的”，符合语境。
6．A.continues B．returns
C．matters D．occurs
【答案】C
【解析】 根据该句中的“because it contains two things that I treasure most”可知，因为球队里有“我”最珍视的两件东西，所以网球队对“我”很重要。C项意为“重要”，故C项正确。
7．A.brotherhood B．childhood
C．entertainment D．society
【答案】A
【解析】根据上文中的“there is a friendship”和最后一段中的“the brotherhood”并结合选项可知，网球队对“我”很重要，因为球队里有“我”最珍视的两件东西：网球和手足情谊。A项意为“手足情谊”，故A项正确。
8．A.physical B．environmental
C．mental D．technical
【答案】C
【解析】根据下句“My first tennis coach always used to say, ‘Tennis is 10% physical and 90% mental.’”可知，“我”的第一位网球教练过去常说，网球是10%的体力和90%的智力的体育运动；再结合该句可知，从“我”十岁开始，网球的智力要求就吸引着“我”参加该项体育运动。C项意为“智力的”，故C项正确。
9．A.According to B．Beyond
C．In spite of D．Without
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在压力下，如果没有智力来保持冷静和克制，那么技巧是没有用的。D项意为“没有，缺乏”，故D项正确。
10．A.active B．calm
C．hopeful D．silent
【答案】B
【解析】由设空后的“and controlled”可知，此处指保持冷静和克制。B项意为“冷静的”，故B项正确。
11．A.contradictory B．difficult
C．useless D．powerful
【答案】C
【解析】此处说明智力对于网球比赛的重要性，即如果没有智力控制情感，球技是“无用的”。C项意为“无用的”，故C项正确。
12．A.opponents B．friends
C．goals D．risks
【答案】A
【解析】根据该句中的“me against the person on the other side of the net, and me against the person inside my head, telling me to hit a better shot”可知，有时“我”觉得在一场比赛中“我”有两个对手。A项意为“对手”，故A项正确。
13．A.unavoidable B．unreasonable
C．unexpected D．unwelcome
【答案】A
【解析】根据常识可知，在网球运动中压力是不可避免的。A项意为“不可避免的”，故A项正确。
14．A.allocated B．created
C．imagined D．suspected
【答案】B
【解析】此处是指由全队成员团结一致而产生的手足情谊。B项意为“产生”，故B项正确。
15．A.area B．control
C．value D．weight
【答案】D
【解析】手足情谊会将这种压力的重量分布到整个群体中。D项意为“重量”，符合语境，故D项正确。
16．A.support B．fight
C．recognize D．teach
【答案】A
【解析】结合下文第18空所在句中的support可知，“我们”在球场上和球场下都彼此支持。A项意为“支持”，故A项正确。
17．A.audience B．family
C．reason D．surprise
【答案】B
【解析】根据第一段中的“you are my family”并结合全文内容可知，“我们”能彼此相互支持是因为“我们”已经成了一家人。
18．A.anxious B．curious
C．sensitive D．secure
【答案】D
【解析】此处表示当球队成员全力支持“我”的时候，“我”的球技发挥最佳，知道背后总是有他们热情的支持，“我”就放心了。secure in the knowledge that ... 为固定用法，意为“知道……就安心/放心了”，故D项正确。
19．A.enthusiastically B．differently
C．gradually D．intentionally
【答案】A
【解析】A项意为“热情地”，符合语境，故A项正确。
20．A.dream B．person
C．match D．team
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我知道我们每个人在每一场比赛中都尽自己所能，不管我们是在参赛还是在欢呼。C项意为“比赛”，符合语境，故C项正确。
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