Unit 1 知识点归纳总结（期末复习） 最全面人教版八年级上册英语

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?词汇与短语● 重点单词● 重点短语● 重点句子● 重点单词变形语法知识点A部分（1）复合不定代词的用法1、复合不定代词只相当于名词，在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语，不能作定语（即不具有形容词的性质）。● 含-body和-one的复合不定代词只用来代替人，在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。eg. Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间里哭。● 含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。eg. Are you going to buy anything? 你打算去买东西吗？2、复合不定代词都作单数看待，如果充当主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。eg. Is everyone here today? 今天大家都到齐了吗？Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。3、形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要放在复合不定代词的后面。eg. Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲一些有趣的事情吗？Did you go anywhere interesting last weekend？上周末你去什么有趣的地方了4、和some, any用法一样，带有some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句和请求语气的句子中，带有any的复合不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句。eg. I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事要告诉你。Do you have anything to say? 你有话要说吗？● 在表示请求、邀请、提建议等的疑问句和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中，也可用含-some的复合不定代词。eg. Would you like something to eat? 你想要吃的东西吗？ （表示建议）Could you tell me something about her？你能告诉我一些关于她的事吗？ （表示请求）Why don´t you ask someone to help you？你为什么不请人帮你呢 （表示反问）● 含有any的复合不定代词也可以用于肯定句中，表示“任何人”或“任何事”的意思。eg. Anything is OK.什么都行。Anybody knows the answer. 任何人都知道答案。练习：一、选择题( ) 1. I´m hungry. I want ______ to eat.( ) 2. —Do you have ______ to say for yourself? —No, I have ______ to say.( ) 3. Why not ask ______ to help you?( ) 4. Everything ______ ready. We can start now.( ) 5. There´s ______ with his eyes. He´s OK.( ) 6. She listened carefully, but heard ______.( ) 7. I agree with most of what you said, but I do´t agree with ______.( ) 8. Everything ______ good.用适当的复合不定代词填空。答案：一、选择题二、用适当的复合不定代词填空。（2）on vacation的用法on vacation意为“在度假”，vacation是名词，意为“假期；休假”，常与介词on连用，“on+名词”结构可表示“在某种活状态”，如：on duty（在值日） on sale（在出售）● vacation, holiday都表示工作日以外的休息时间（但不包括周末或仅一天的休息 日），也指旅游度假；vacation多用于美式英语，holiday多用于英式英语。eg. My dad is on vacation in Beijing now.（3）visit的用法visited my uncle 看望了我叔叔 此处visit此处用作及物动词，其后接表示人的名词或代词时，意为“拜访;看望”;其后接表示地点的名词或代词时，意为“参观;游览”。eg.I visited my grandmother last week. 我上周看望了我（外）祖母Do you want to visit Shanghai. 你想参观上海吗。（3）few a few little a littleeg.I am new, and I have few friends in the city. 我是新来的，在城里我几乎没有朋友。There are a few pictures in the book. 书中有几幅画。There is little time left. Hurry up! 剩下的时间不多了。快点！He put a little salt in the soup. 他在汤里放了一点盐。There is quite a little tea in the glass. 玻璃杯里有不少茶。Everyone in his class likes him. So he has quite a few friends.他班上每个人都喜欢他。所以他有不少朋友。（4）most of …的用法most of the time意为“大部分时间”, 其中most为代词，意为“大部分;大多数”。eg. Most of the time Tom studies hard. 汤姆大部分时间学习都很努力。● most of …做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词或代词的数。eg. Most of them are going to the museum. 他们大多数人打算去博物馆。Most of the food goes bad. 大部分食物变质了。（5）not anything=nothingeg. There´s nothing interesting in the newspaper. 报纸上没有什么有趣的东西。=There isn´t anything interesting in the newspaper・（6）感官系动词感官动词 look, sound, smell, taste和feel均可作连系动词，后面接形容词作表语，说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为“看/听/闻/尝/摸起来……”。除look之外，其他几个动词的主语往往是物，而不是人。eg. These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。These tomatoes feel very soft. 这些西红柿摸起来很软。（7）have a good time的用法have a good time意为“玩得开心；过得愉快”，后接动词形式为：“（in） doing sth”同义词组:have a great time=have fun=enjoy oneselfeg. I had a good time in London last week.上周我在伦敦过得很愉快。=I enjoyed myself in London last week.I had a good time (in) playing basketball last night.昨天晚上我打篮球打得很开心。（8）How do you like…How do you like…？ 意为“你认为…怎么样”，与“How do you feel about…?” 和 "What do you think of...?”同义。eg. —How do you like the TV play? 你觉得这部电视剧怎么样？—It's wonderful.很棒。（9）go+v-ing的用法go shopping意为“去购物，去买东西”, 同义短语为：do some shoppingeg. I went shopping and bought something for my parents.我去购物了，并给我父母买了东西。与go shopping类似的短语：go climbing 去爬山 go skating去滑冰 go hiking去远足 go sightseeing 去观光go camping去野营 go surfing去冲浪 go bike riding骑自行车旅行反身代词反身代词多用于动词或介词后做宾语；强调“某人自己”,反身代词应与自己的逻辑主语在人称和数上保持一致。e g. The child can dress himself. 这孩子能自己穿衣服了。I teach myself English. 我自学英语。I finished the work by myself. 我一个人完成了这项工作。（11）but的用法but作转折连词以外，but还可用作介词，意为“除……之外”。but前有实义动词do,does或did时，but后若接动词不定式应省略to；but前无实义动词do,does或did时,but后若接动词不定式应带to。e g. There was nothing much to do in the evening but read. 晚上除了看书没什么事可做的。l have no choice(选择) but to arrive late. 我除了迟到。我别无选择。What can you do but play games? 你除了玩游戏还能做什么？（12）-ing形式和-ed形式形容词的用法-ed形式的形容词，一般用来形容人的感受，表示“感到……的”，主语通常是人。-ing形式的形容词，一般用来形容事或物本身具有的性质,也可表示某物让人具有的某种感觉,表示“令人……的”,主语通常是物。e g. I´m interested in interesting people. 我对有趣的人感兴趣。They were excited about the exciting news. 他们对这个令人兴奋的消息很兴奋。I´m bored with what he said. 我对他说的话厌烦极了。I find the story very boring・ 我发现这个故事很无聊。（13）seem的用法1、“seem ( + to be) +名词/形容词”意为“看起来……，好像……”，说明主语的特征或状态，to be可省略，其中seem作连系动词，意为“好像;似乎；看起来”。e g. He seemed (to be) angry. 他似乎生气了He seems (to be) quite happy.她好象十分快乐。Tom seems (to be ) a very clever boy. 汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。“主语+ seem + 不定式”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。e g. The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西.The young man seemed to have changed much. 这个年轻人看起来变化很大。3、“It seems + that从句”，其中it 是形式主语，that引导主语从句。e g. It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。It seems to me that Mr Brown will not come again. 在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。B部分（14）arrive, get与reach的用法e g. He arrived in Jinan yesterday. 他昨天就到济南了。I arrived at the restaurant an hour ago. 我一个小时前到达了这家餐馆。When do you get to school? 你什么时候到学校？They reached London last night. 他们非晚到达了伦敦。（15）decide的用法decide此处用作及物动词，意为“决定”。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。其否定形式为“decide not to do sth.”为“决定不做某事”。e g. They decide to visit the museum. 他们决定参观博物馆。I decide not to buy a new car. 我决定不买一辆新小汽车。● decide后常跟“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。e g. He cannot decide when to leave. 他不能决定何时离开。● decide后面常跟宾语从句。e g. I can't decide where I should go. 我不能决定我该去哪里。（16）try的用法try可用作及物动词，意为“尝试”, 后面常接名词、代词或动名词。e g. I tried calling him,but no one answered. 我试着给他打电话了，但没有人接听。I'm trying to learn maths well. 我正尽力把数学学好。● try也可用作不及物动词，意为“尝试；努力”。e g. I don´t think I can do it,but I´ll try. 我认为我不能做这件事,但是我要尝试一下。● try用作名词，意为“尝试”，常用于短语 have a try 意为“试一试”。e g. I´m going to have a try. 我打算试一试。（17）paragliding的用法paragliding名词，意为“滑翔伞运动”。英语中有许多表示文体运动的词汇均是以-ing为后缀的名词，如swimming （游泳）, skating （滑冰）,singing （唱歌）,dancing （跳舞）等。（18）feel like的用法feel like 意为“感觉像”。后可跟名词或名词性从句。e g. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting! 我感觉我像一只鸟儿。这太令人兴奋了！She felt like a fool. 她觉得自己像个傻瓜。It feels like a scarf. 它摸起来像一条围巾。● feel like还可意为“想要”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。feel like doing sth.= want to do sth. = would like to do sth.，意为“想要做某事”。e g. Do you feel like a cup of tea now? 你现在想要一杯茶吗？= Do you feel like taking a walk in the park with me?= Do you want to take a walk in the park with me?= Would you like to take a walk in the park with me?你想和我一起在公园里散步吗？（19）buildingbuilding可数名词，意为“建筑物 楼房”e g. We live in a tall building. 我们住在一座高楼里面。（20）wonder的用法wonder此处用作及物动词，意为“想知道”，等于want to know,其后常接who, what,why或if引导的宾语从句，且宾语从句必须用陈述语序。e g. l wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样子的。I wonder who she is. 我想知道她是谁（21）感叹句感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子，感叹句还有以下几种结构：● What + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词（+ 主语+谓语）！e g. What an interesting book it is! 它是多么有趣的一本书啊！● What+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词（+ 主语+谓语）！e g. What beautiful flowers they are! 它们是多么漂亮的花啊！e g. What fine weather it is today! 今天的天气多好啊！● how引导的感叹句结构：How +形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）！e g. How beautiful she is! 她多么漂亮啊！e g. How well he plays the piano! 他钢琴弹得多好啊！（22）difference的用法difference为可数名词，意为“差别，差异”，其形容诃形式为different,意为“不同的，有差异的”，常用短语be different from…，意为“与…不同”。e g. What is the difference between this book and that book?这本书和那本书之间的区别是什么？My school bag is different from yours. 我的书包和你的不同。（23）top的用法top名词，意为“顶部；表面”，at the top of意为“在…的顶端/顶部”，强调在某一点上；on （the） top of意为“在…顶部”,强调在某一面上。e g. He got to the top of the hill in one go. 他一口气登上了山顶。（24）start的用法start doing sth.意为“开始做某事”，与start to do sth.同义。eg. She started doing her homework after dinner.晚饭后她开始做她的家庭作业。● start doing sth.与 start to do sth.在许多情况下可以通用，但在下面的三种情况中，start后用to do而不用doing形式：1、句子的主语是物而不是人时，用to do而不用doing。eg. The ice started to melt 冰开始融化了。2、start本身为ing形式时，用to do而不用doing。eg. He is just starting to write the letter ・ 他刚刚开始写那封信。3、start后的动词与情感、想法有关时，用to do而不用doing。eg. He started to understand it. 他开始明白了。（25）over的用法Over作介词时意为"多于；超过；在……以上（表示数目、程度）”，相当于more than。eg. My father is over 60 years old. 我爸爸六十多岁了。There are over nine hundred students in our school. 在我们学校有九百多名学生。● over意为"在…之上”，与物休垂直且不接触，反义词为under。eg. There is a map over the blackboard. 黑板上有一张地图。● over意为“通过”。eg. I hear the news over the radio. 我通过收音机听新闻。● over意为“遍及”。eg. I want to travel all over the world. 我想周游世界。（26）too many/too much/much tooeg. My mother bought too many eggs yesterday. 我妈妈昨天买了太多鸡蛋。We have too much work to do. 我们有太多的工作要做。Don´t talk too much.不要说得太多。（状语）The hat is much too big for me.这顶帽子对我来说太大了。（形容词）You´re walking much too fast.你走得太快了。（副词）hard与hardlyeg. It rained very hard yesterday. 昨天雨下得很大。He hardly works.他几乎不工作。Tom works hard and gets good grades. 汤姆学习努力并且取得了好成绩。The problem is very hard. 这个问题很难解决。 He works hard.他努力工作。There is hardly any food in the fridge. 冰箱里几乎没有食物了。There were some very hard questions on the exam paper.试卷中有些很难的问题。（28）because of 与 becauseeg. And because of the bad weather, we could n't see anything below.而且由于糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。He lost his job because of his age. 由于年龄关系他失去了工作。I didn't buy the shirt because it was too expensive.我没有买这件衬衫，因为它太贵了。（29）bring与takeeg. Please bring me two apples. 请给我带两个苹果来。Don't forget to bring your book here tomorrow. 明天别忘了把你的书带到这里来。Please bring your book to my office. 请把你的书带到我的办公室We'll take the students to the museum. 我们将带学生去博物馆。（30）enough的用法enough既可作限定词，也可作副词，用法如下：❶ 作形容词时，作定语，意为“足够的；充分的”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。修饰名词很自由，可前也可后。eg. Are there enough seats for ten persons? 有没有足够十人的座位？We have enough food for a week. 我们有足够维持一周的食物。❷ 只有当主语是代词，数词和“数词+名词”时，enough才可作表语用，如果主语是名词，enough便不能作表语用了。eg. That´s enough. Thank you. 够了，谢谢。Five is enough. 五个够了。Will 12 apples be enough? 十二个苹果够不够？❸ 当enough修饰形容词和副词，且必须放在它们之后。eg. This room is large enough for us to sleep in. (不可说enough large)这个房间足够大，我们可以睡。He knows the situation well enough. （不可说enough well”）对他情况了解得非常清楚。❹ 当enough和另一形容词同时修饰一个名词时，有两种不同的位置。● enough放在形容词之后，此时，enough修饰形容词，结构为“adj.+enough+名词”,表示“足够…的…”eg. a large enough room一间足够大的房间a deep enough well 一口足够深的井I don´t have big enough nails to mend the cupboard.我没有足够大的钉子修理柜子。● enough放在形容词之前，此时，enough修饰名词，结构为“enough+adj.+名词”，表示“足够多的…”。eg. enough large room 足够大的房间enough deep well 足够深的井I don’t have enough big nails to mend he cupboard.我没有足够大的钉子修理柜子。❺ enough作副词，意为“充分地；足够地；充足地”，置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后，其后可接动词不定式或介词for,但一般不接that从句。enough在句子中作状语，表示程度。enough不能与no构成否定句，只能借助not以及其他否定词。eg. He didn't practice enough.他练习得不够。She isn’t good enough for the exam.=She isn’t good enough to pass the exam. 她的功课不够好参加考试。We have not enough glasses for everyone.(不能说成no enough glasses)我们的杯子不够分给每个人。We had hardly enough food to go around at the picnic.(不能说成no enough food)我们的食物刚够分给参加野餐的人。（31）as的用法1、用作副词，意为“像……一样；如同”，用来表示程度。eg. Well, but the next day was not as good. 但是第二天就没那么好了。Tom runs fast, but I run just as well. 汤姆跑得快，但我跑得也一样快。2、作介词时，表示“作为；当作”。eg. He worked as a teacher for 10 years. 他当过10年老师。3、作连词，意为“像；按照”。eg. You must do everything as I told you. 你必须按照我告诉你的那样去做一切事情。4、作连词，意为“当…的时候”。eg. As the students were talking, Mr. Wang came in.当学生们在说话时，王老师进来了。（32）forget的用法eg. Don't forget to close the window. 别忘了关窗户。I forget closing the window. 我忘了关窗户了。● 接to do的动作时间发生在“谓语动词之后，是将来的事情”，一般都是单一动作。接doing的动作时间发生在“以谓语动词为核心，向前后延伸，一般都是过去发生的动作一直持续的事情”，一般都是重复、持续的动作。（33）表建议的句型（34）so…that句型的用法so…that…意为“如此…以至于…”，句中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，跟名词要用such。that引导结果状语从句。“so…that…”结构可以和“ enough to …（足够…可以…）”或“too…to…（太…而不能…）”结构互换。eg. He was so angry that he couldn´t say a word. 他如此生气，以至于说不出话来。He ran so quickly that we all couldn’t catch up with him. 他跑得很快，我们都追不上他。He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.他跑得如此快，以至于没有人能追上他。The question is so easy that I can work it out. 这个问题很简单,我能做出来。=The question is easy enough for me to work outThe girl is so young that she can´t dress herself. 这个女孩儿太小了，不能自己穿衣服。=The girl is too young to dress herself.He is such a little boy that he can’t carry heavy box. 他太小了，搬不动那个重箱子。● 在不改变原意的前提下，可自由转换so…that与such…that。eg. She is so honest that everybody trusts her. 她非常城市，大家都很信赖她。=She is such an honest girl that everybody trusts her.（35）tell sb. (not) to do sth.tell sb.(not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人（不要）做某事”。eg. My father tells me to clean the windows.我父亲告诉我擦窗户。My mother told me not to play football in the street.我妈妈告诉我不要在街道上踢足球。（36）keep的用法keep动词,意为“坚持;继续”，后面可接动名词作宾语。eg. They kept on asking me the same question.他们反复问我同样的问题。The boy kept standing in the front of the class.这个男孩一直站在教室前面。（37）go on 的用法1、go on意为“继续下去”。eg. If he goes on like this,he'll lose his job. 如果他继续这样下去，他会丢掉工作的。2、go on意为“（时间）流逝，过去”eg. As the months went on,he became impatient. 一个月过去了，他变得不耐烦了。3、go on意为“进行；发生”eg. what´s going on here? 这里发生了什么事。（38）“数词+more+名词的复数”=“another+数词+名词的复数”都表示表示在原有基础上“又，再，额外”；一般而言，“another+数词+名词的复数”不带有感情色彩，是中立的，陈述另外还有几个。而“数词+more+名词的复数”指的是还要几个。eg. I need five more people to do the work. 我还需要五个人来做这项工作=I need another five people to do the work.I want to read another two books. 我想再读两本书=I want to read two more books.A部分anyone pron. 任何人anywhere adv. 在任何地方wonderful adj. 精彩的；绝妙的few adj. & pron. 不多；很少most adj. adv. & pron. 最多;大多数something pron. 某事；某物nothing pron. 没有什么;没有一件东西everyone pron. 每人；人人；所有人myself pron. 我自己；我本人Yourself pron. 你自己；您自己hen n. 母鸡pig n. 猪seem v. 好像；似乎；看来bored adj.厌倦的；烦闷的diary n. 日记；记事簿B部分enjoyable adj.有乐趣的；令人愉快的activity n.活动decide v.决定；选定try v. 尝试；设法；努力paragliding n.滑翔伞运动bird n.鸟bicycle n.自行车；脚踏车building n.建筑物；房子trader n.商人wonder v.想知道；琢磨difference n.差别；差异top n.顶部；表面wait v.等待；等候umbrella n. 伞；雨伞wet adj.湿的；潮湿的；下雨的below prep. & adv. 在…下面；到…下面enough adj. & adv.足够的（地）；充足的（地）；充分的（地）dislike v. & n.不喜爱（的事物）；厌恶（的事物）as adv.像…样；如同conj.当…时;如同hill n.小山；山丘duck n.鸭hungry adj.饥饿的A部分go on vacation 去度假stay at home 待在家里go to the mountains 去爬山go to the beach 去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp 去参加夏令营quite a few 相当多；不少study for… 为…而学习go out 出去most of the time 大部分时间taste good 尝起来好吃have a good time 玩得高兴go shopping 去购物of course 当然；自然buy sth. for sb. /buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物B部分arrive in/at 到达decide to do sth. 决定去做某事try doing sth. 尝试做某事forget to do sth. 忘记做某事feel like给 的感觉；感受到in the past 在过去wait for 等候because of 因为the next day 第二天take photos 照相find out 找出；查明up and down 上上下下A部分Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假了？Long time no see. 好久不见。Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去有趣的地方了吗？I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大部分时间我只待在家里看书和放松。Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。I bought something for my father. 我给我爸爸买了些东西。How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样？ The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read.唯一的问题是晚上除了看书之外没有事情可做。B部分I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.今天早晨我和家人到了马来西亚槟城。We decided to go to the beach near our hotel. 我们决定去宾馆附近的海滩。For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真喜欢在城镇到处散步。What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异是多么大啊！but many of the old buildings are still there. 但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。And because of the bad weather, we couldn't see anything below.并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的腿如此疲劳，以至于我想停下来了。A部分wonder–wonderful （形容词）many/much–more（比较级）–most（最高级）not anything–nothing（同义词）I–me–my–mine–myself（反身代词）bore–boring（修饰物，形容词）–bored（修饰人，形容词）you–you–your–yours–yourself/yourselves（反身代词）diary–diaries（复数）B部分enjoy–enjoyable（形容词）active– activity（名词）decide–decided（过去式）build –building（名词）trade–trader（名词，表示—类人）different–difference（名词）wet–dry（反义词）below–above（反义词）hungry–full（反义词）like–dislike（反义词）someanynoevery复合不定代词thingsomethinganythingnothingeverythingbodysomebodyanybodynobodyeverybodyonesomeoneanyoneno oneeveryone复合不定副词wheresomewhereanywherenowhereeverywhereA. anythingB. somethingC. everythingD. nothingA. something; everythingB. nothing; somethingC. everything; anythingD. anything; nothingA. everyoneB. someoneC. anyoneD. noneA. areB. isC. beD. wereA. anything wrongB. wrong somethingC. nothing wrongD. wrong nothingA. anyoneB. Someone C. everyoneD. nothingA. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothingA. beB. areC. isD. were1、Listen, __________ is singing next door2、She didn´t go there with __________ last week.3、Would you like __________ to eat4、Come here! I have __________ important to tell you.5、 ---Is __________ here？ ---Yes，all the students are here.1.B2.D3.B4.B5.C6.D7.A8.C1.someone/somebody2.anyone3.something4.something5.everyone/everybody修饰可数名词的复数汉 语修饰不可数名词汉 语表否定few不多;很少little不多;很少表肯定a few少数几个a little一点儿表肯定quite a few相当多;不少quite a little相当多，不少单数汉语复数汉语第一人称myself我自己ourselves我们自己第二人称yourself你自己yourselves你们自己第三人称himself他自己themselves他们自己herself她自己她们自己itself它自己它们自己常见的-ed形式和-ing形式的形容词有：excited/excitinginterested/interestingrelaxed/relaxingsurprised/surprisingamazed/amazingfrightened/frightening惊吓arrive（in/at）arrive为不及物动词，其后跟表示地点的副词here, there, home，abroad等 时，不需要加任何介词；其后跟地点名词时，则要加介词，即arrive in +大地点(国家、大城市等)，arrive at+小地点(镇、家、店等)”get（to）get意为“到达"时，为不及物动词，其后跟表示地点的副词here, there,home等时，不需要加任何介词；其后跟地点名词时，则要加介词to,即"get to十地点名词"reach及物动词，意为"到达"，其后直接跟地点名词。try doing sth.与try to do sth.try to do sth."尽力/设法做某事”，表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成，强调付出一定的努力设法去完成。try doing sth."尝试做某事"，表示一种尝试、做做看的想法，不一定付出很多努力。build（动词"建造，建造，建筑）+ing=building 建筑物;楼房+er=builder 建设者,建筑工人too many=many修饰可数名词复数，意为"太多"。too much=much修饰不可数名词，意为"太多"；还可修饰动词，作状语。much too=too修饰形容词或副词，意为“太”。hardly副词意为“几乎不，几乎没有”，表否定。修饰动词或与ever连用构成hardly ever（几乎从不）hard副词意为“大量地；猛烈地”多说明雨、雪等下得大，相当于heavily。还可意为“努力地”。修饰动词形容词意为“困难的”，“硬的，难懂的”修饰名词because of介词短语，其后可跟名词（短语）、代词或动名词。because连词，意为“因为”引导原因状语从句，表示直接、明确的原因或理由bring意为“带来；拿来”，指从别处带到说话者所在地。bring sth./sb. to + 地点名词，意为“把某物/某人带到某地”。take意为“带走，拿走”，指从说话者所在地带到别处去。take sth./sb. to + 地点名词，意为“带某人/某物去某地”。forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（事情还没有做）forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（事情已经做过了）类似的动词还有：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事。stop doing sth. 停止做某事remember to do sth. 记得去做某事。remember doing sth. 记得做过某事like to do sth. 喜欢去做某事。like doing sth. 平时喜欢做某事try to do sth. 努力去做某事。try doing sth. 尝试做某事1、直接性的建议的句子:Let's+do sth.?表示“让我们做某事”。(包括双方在内)Let us+do sth.?表示“让我们做某事”。(不包括对方在内)eg. Let´s go swimming. 我们去游泳吧。 回答：All right, OK, Good idea2、表委婉性建议:Shall we do sth.我们做某事好吗？Would you mind (not) doing sth.你介意（不）做某事吗？eg. Shall we go shopping now？ 我们现在去购物好吗？Would you mind opening the window？ 你介意把窗户打开吗？3、表征求性建议:What/How about+doing sth.做某事怎么样？eg. What about going out for a walk? 出去散散步怎么样？4、表劝告性建议:You had better (not) do sth.你最好(不)要做某事=You´d better (not) do sth.eg. You had better stay at home. 你最好呆在家里。You'd better go now. 你最好现在就走。5、表责备性建议:Why not do sth.你/他们/我们为什么不做某事呢？=Why don´t you/they/we do sth.eg. Why don't you ask your parents?=Why not ask your parents?你为什么不问你父母呢?6、表请求性建议:Would you like+短语你愿意…吗？Would/Could/Will you please+(not)do sth.请你(不)做某事好吗？eg. Would you like another cup of tea? 你想再来一杯茶吗？Would you please wait for me？你能等我一下吗？keep doing sth.一直做某事强调状态的继续，常与表示延续性动作的动词和静止状态的动词连用。动作与动作之间没有间隔。keep on doing sth.反复做某事表示动作的反复，强调动作与动作之间有间隔。