人教版初中英语八年级上册 Unit 1 知识点

                     Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?

1. Where did you go on vacation?

• Where 构成特殊疑问句：where +did+主语+使用动词原形+其他？

   Where did you buy the nice picture?

• on vacation_在度假______________

on duty_____值日___________

on sale___在出售________________

go on vacation ___去度假________________

take/ have a vacation________休假___________

summer/ winter vacation______寒/暑假_________

2. visit   及物动词

• 看望/拜访某人 _______________
• 参观/游览某地________________
• visitor ____________
• 名词：访问，参观，（常和介词to连用）

This is my first visit to China.

3. anyone（复合不定代词） 任何人（=anybody）常用于否定句或疑问句中

  复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

  Is anyone watching the football match in that room?

辨析：anyone, any one

Anyone in our class knows any one of the singers and any one of their songs.

拓展： 不定代词（指人）：someone; anyone; no one; everyone

       不定代词（指地点）：somewhere; anywhere; nowhere; everywhere

       不定代词（指事情）：something; anything; nothing; everything

练习： ---Sally, I have _______ exciting to tell you. We will go back to school soon.

       ---Great.

       A. anything        B. something              C. everything

       ---Amazing! Tom got the best grade in the test last a week.

       ---_______ is impossible(不可能的). He studies really hard online this term.

       A. Anything        B. Nothing         C. Everything        D. Something

4. buy  过去式___________     过去分词____________

  buy sb. sth=buy sth. for sb.   给某人买某物

  My mother bought a bike for me.

  =________________________________

拓展： 可接双宾语的动词：give, tell, sell, bring等

       give sb.sth= give sth. to sb.

       tell sb. sth= tell sth. to sb.

       sell sb. sth= sell sth. to sb.

       bring sb. sth= bring sth. for sb.

5. 照相，拍照：take photos

   给某人拍照：take photos/a photo of sb.

6. 辨析：quite a few, quite a little, quite a lot of, quite a lot

He will stay here for quite a few weeks.

There is quite a little fish in the river.

There are quite a lot of flowers in the garden.

---Did you see any students right now?

---Yes, I saw quite a lot.

7. 辨析：a few, few, a little, little

There are a few eggs in the fridge, so I needn’t buy any at once.

I can only speak a little French .

There is little rice in the bowl.

8.How did you like……? 你认为……怎么样？

同义短语：How do you feel about……?

          What do you think of…….?

9. go 短语合集

  go shopping__________________         go climbing _________________

  go hiking_____________________         go fishing___________________

  go camping___________________         go boating__________________

  go skateboarding_______________         go surfing__________________

  go sightseeing_________________         go skating__________________

  go swimming__________________         go skating__________________

10. nothing to do 没什么事可做

   There is nothing to do, so I go out to play.

11. but

• 连词___________

I have no choice but to arrive late.

• 介词____________

There is on one but me here.

• 连词______________

He feels very tired, but he still keeps working.

12. seem

• seem (+to be) +名词或形容词   好像…….

    I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry then.

• seem to do sth.    好像/似乎做某事

    Tom seems to know everything.

• It seems/ seemed that…… 好像/似乎………..

It seems that she doesn’t have much choice.

• It seems as if……      看起来像/仿佛…….

It seems as if it is going to rain.

13. arrive

• arrive +地点副词（here/ there/ home/…..）到达…..

He arrived there late again.

• arrive in+地点名词（大地方，如国家，省，市等）
• arrive at+地点名词（小地方，如机场，商店，广场，村庄等）

We arrived in Beijing yesterday.

I arrived at the train station very early.

14. decide

• decide (not) to do sth. 决定（不）做某事

I decide not to go shopping this afternoon.

• decide +疑问词+动词不定式   决定….做某事

He can not decide when to leave.

• decide +宾语从句    决定…..

I can’t decide where I should go.

• decide on sth 就某事做决定

Did you decide on a date for the wedding?

   make a decision  做决定

   make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth.

15. try

• 及物动词   尝试（名词/代词/动词ing）； 设法；努力(to do)

She is trying my bicycle.

• 不及物动词    尝试；努力

I don’t think I can do it, but I’ll try.

• 名词     尝试

have a try 试一试

辨析：try to do sth, try doing sth

The boy tried making a model plane.

He tried to carry the basket.

16. feel like

• 感觉像 （后接名词，代词，动词ing）

I feel like a fish in the sea.

• 想要    （后接名词，代词，动词ing）

feel like doing sth= want to do sth= would like to do sth

Do you feel like taking a walk in the park with me?

=__________________________________________

=_______________________________________________

17. wonder

• 及物动词    想知道；琢磨  (相当于want to know)

I wonder why things are the way they are.

• 不可数名词    惊讶；惊叹

She looked at me in wonder.

• 可数名词     奇迹，奇观

After visiting the seven wonders of the world, I’m full of wonder.

18. enjoy

• enjoy sth  喜欢某事物
• enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
• enjoy oneself 玩得开心（have fun/ have a good /great/ wonderful time）

19. 感叹句

• What a/an +形容词+可数名词单数!

What an interesting book!

• What +形容词+复数名词！

What beautiful flowers!

• How +形容词/副词！

How beautiful she is!

20 different                               difference

   the difference(s) in……  在….方面的不同

   the difference(s) between ….and…    …..和…..之间的不同

   at the top of  在….顶端（在某一点上）

   on （the） top of   在….顶端（在某一面上）

21. wait for sb./sth 等待某人/某事

   wait (for sb) to do sth.  等待（某人）做某事

   can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事

Someone is waiting for you to play chess.

They waited and waited, but no one came.

22. over

• 多于；超过 ；在….以上（表数目/程度）相当于more than

My mother is over 40 years old.

• 在….之上（与物体垂直且不接触，反义词为under）

There is a map over the blackboard.

• 从（某物的）一边到另一边

There is a stone bridge over the river.

• 通过

I heard the news over the radio.

• 遍及

They are popular all over China.

23. 辨析: too much, too many, much too

Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.

We have too much work to do.

You’re walking much too fast.

24. hard

• 副词     大量地（说明雨雪下的大，相当于heavily）

It rained very hard yesterday.

• 副词     努力地

Tom works hard and gets good grades.

• 形容词   困难的  （相当于difficult）

The problem is very hard.

25. because 后接句子

   because of 后接短语，不可接句子

Because of the heavy rain, we had to stay at home.

I didn’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

26. as

• 副词     像…..一样,如同

Lily sings as well as a singer.

• 介词     作为；当作

He worked as a teacher for 10years.

• 连词     按照， 如同

You must do everything as I told you.

• 连词    当….的时候

As the students were talking, Mr. Wang came in.

27. forget

forget to do sth 忘记做某事（未做）

forget doing sth 忘记做某事（已做）

同样用法：remember, regret

Don’t forget to close the window.

I forget closing the window.

28. so….that…. 如此…以至于….. (so是副词，修饰形容词或副词)

He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.

   so that  以便，为了  

He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the early bus.

29. tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事

   tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事

   go on doing sth/go on with sth 继续做某事

   keep doing sth 继续做某事，一直做某事

   up and down   上上下下，来来回回

   in surprise  惊奇地

   in danger 处于危险之中

   in silence 沉默地

30. come down  下降

   come out  出版， 出来，开花

   come over 进来

   come true实现

   come up with 想出（主意）

   come along 进展，一起去