初中英语Unit 9 Sea water andrain water学案
展开六年级下U9 Ⅰ. Words. 1. starfish n.海星 【友情提示】复数为starfish或starfishes，也可以写做sea star。
2. competition n.竞争；竞赛，比赛 【固定搭配】be in competition with sb. for sth.为……和（某人）竞争 e. g. He was in competition with 10 others for the job. 为得到这份工作他与十个人展开竞争。 He takes part in a swimming competition.他参加游泳比赛。
3. intelligent adj.聪明的；有智慧的 e. g. Can you say that dolphins are much more intelligent than other animals? 你能说海豚比其他动物聪明得多吗？ 【知识拓展】intelligence n.智力，智能
4. important adj.重要的 e. g. It's important to look both ways before you cross the street. 过马路前要左右两边看，这很重要。
5. cover n. 覆盖 e. g. She covered the table with a cloth.她用一块布把桌子罩起来。 Dust covered the furniture.家具上满是灰尘。
6. internet n.因特网 e. g. -The Internet has made the world smaller.因特网使世界变小了。 -That's because it has made communication faster.那是因为它使交流变快了。
7. shower v.淋浴 n. 淋浴; 淋浴装置 e. g. People use water for showering.人们用水来淋浴。 【提示】shower作动词时，相当于have showers。
8. farmer n.农场主，农民 e. g. These days many farmers come to work in cities.现在许多农民进城工作。
9. crop n.庄稼 e. g. The main crop in China is rice.中国的主要作物是水稻。
10.dripping adj.滴水的，湿淋淋的 e. g. It's dripping day today.今天是个下雨天。 Is that roof still dripping? 那个屋顶还漏雨吗？ He was dripping blood onto the floor.他的血正滴到地板上。 I'm dripping wet.我浑身湿透了。
11.waste v.浪费 e. g. Eat up your rice. It’s bad to waste food.把米饭吃光，浪费粮食不好。
12. fix v.修理 e. g. I asked the boy to fix the bicycle.我请这个小伙子修理自行车。 【知识拓展】repair v.修理
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达 1. turn…off 把……关上（龙头，电器等） e. g. Please turn the water tap after you wash hands.洗完手后请关上水龙头。 【知识拓展】近义：switch…off把……关上 反义：turn ...on把……打开（龙头，电器等）
2. instead of代替 【指点迷津】instead of，instead (1)instead of是介词短语，意为“代替；而不是”，在句中，它的后面要接其他的词或词组； (2)而instead是副词，意为“代替；顶替”，后面不能接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事。 e. g. They bought some oranges instead of apples.他们买了一些橘子，没有买苹果。 Last night I watched TV instead of playing games. 昨天晚上我看了电视，没有玩游戏。 There's no coffee. Would you like a cup of tea instead? 没有咖啡，可否来杯茶？ She didn't answer. Instead, she asked me another question.她没有回答，反而问我另外一个问题。
3. the seafood we eat 我们吃的海鲜
4. no water to brush our teeth 没有水刷牙
5. no water to cook food 没有水烧饭
6. be important to 对……很重要 e. g. Environment is important to us.环境对我们很重要。
【随堂小练】 I . Look .read and write.
【Keys】1. starfish 2. intelligent 3. shower 4. dishes 5. stream
Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms. 1. Sea horses are and beautiful sea animals, (interest)
3. ___________use nets to catch fish in the deep sea. (fish)
【Keys】1. interesting 2. dangerous 3. Fishermen 4. dripping 5. correctly
Step 4: Important Sentences structures. 1. Almost three quarters of the Earth is water. quarter n.四分之一；一刻钟 e. g. a quarter四分之一 three quarters四分之三 It's a quarter past four. Let's go home together. 四点一刻了。我们一起回家吧。
2. Many fish and sea animals live in the streams, rivers, lakes, seas and oceans on the Earth. 这里streams, river, lakes, seas, oceans用于表达溪、河、湖、海等的种类不止一种，而是较多种溪、河、湖、海。
3. Whales are the largest animals on the Earth. the largest是large的最高级。 【知识拓展】形容词最高级的用法 把一个人或事物与另一个人或事物进行比较时，用比较级；而在三个和三个以上的人或事物之间进行比较时，用最高级。 形容词最高级的词形变化为： (1)一般的单音节词及部分双音节词在词尾加est，如long→longest。 (2)以e结尾的词，加st，如nice→nicest。 (3)重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的词，双写最后一个字母再加est，如big→biggest。 (4)词尾为辅音字母加y的词，先变y为i，再加est，如funny→funniest。 (5)一般多音节词变最高级要加most，如beautiful→most beautiful。 (6)有些变化是不规则的，如good→best，many／much→most。 形容词最高级在使用时一般要加the。 e. g. Tom is the tallest in his class. 汤姆是班上身材最高的。
4. Dolphins are one of the most intelligent animals. one of the most intelligent animals 意为“最聪明的动物之一”。 one of+形容词最高级+名词复数，意为‘‘最……的之一”。 e. g. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world.上海是世界上最大的城市之一。 Tom is one of the most intelligent students in our school.汤姆是我们学校最聪明的学生之一。
5. Fishermen use nets to catch fish and prawns in the deep sea. to catch fish and prawns是动词不定式结构作状语。 动词不定式是由to十动词原形构成的(在某些情况下可以省略to)，在句子中可以用作各种句子成分。 e. g. We use water to wash our clothes and dishes. 我们用水来洗衣服和盘子。（作状语） We should remember to give him the present.我们应该记得给他这个礼物。（作宾语） Mother asks us to get up early every day.妈妈要求我们每天很早起床。（作宾语补足语） To read loudly is a good habit.大声朗读是一个好习惯。（作主语） He is the first to get to the moon.是第一个到达月球的人。(作后置定语）
6. We must keep them clean. must的用法 (1) must表示“必须；应该”，强调主观看法，只有现在时形式，否定式是must not (mustn't)。must开头的问句，其否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to代替。 e. g. -Must I do it at once? 我必须马上做吗？ -Yes, you must. 是的，必须。/No, you needn’t(No, you don't have to)不，不必。 You must not cross the road when the light is red.红灯时，你一定不要过马路。 (2)must可表示必然的结果。 e. g. All men must die.人固有一死。 If you don't hurry, you must miss the train.如果不快点，你必然要误车。 (3)must表示肯定猜测。 e. g. The light is on in the room. Mr Green must be at home.房间里的灯亮着，格林先生一定在家。
7. We must stop polluting them. stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”。 e. g. When the teacher came, the students stopped talking.当老师来的时候，学生们停止了说话。 【友情提示】要注意区分和stop to do sth的用法，stop to do sth意为“停下某一件事去做另一件事”。 e. g. After three hours' work, he stopped to have a rest.三个小时的工作之后，他必须停下来休息一会。
8. If there is no rain, we will have no water to drink. 在条件状语从句中，如果主句是将来时，从句要用现在时代替将来时。 e. g. If you finish(不能用will finish) your homework, I'll go out for a walk with you. 如果你完成了作业，我将和你一起出去散步。 【知识拓展】时间状语从句也有类似的用法：如果主句是将来时，从句要用现在时代替将来时。 e. g. When he comes(不能用will come) tomorrow, he will have dinner with his parents. 当他明天回来时，他将和他的父母共进晚餐。
9. Farmers need water to water the crops and vegetables on their farms. 句中的两个water是两种不同用法。前者是名词，意为“水”；后者是动词，意为“浇灌”。 (1) need既可以作为行为动词又可以作为情态动词。作为行为动词时可以用于各种句子，后面跟名词或不定式。 e. g. I need a new book／to buy a new book. Do you need to buy a new book? I don't need to buy a new book. 作为情态动词时只能用于疑问句和否定句，后面跟动词原形。 e. g. Need you buy a new book? I needn't buy a new book. (2) need还可以对用must提问的句子进行否定回答。 e. g. -Must I return it in three days? 我一定要在三天内还吗？ -No, you needn't. 不，你不需要。
10. We can save water by fixing a dripping tap. 句中的介词短语by…意为“用…….的方式”。 后面跟名词，或动词-ing形式。 by fixing dripping taps意为“通过修理滴水的龙头”。 by doing sth的否定形式是by not doing something。 by not brushing our teeth under a running tap通过刷牙时不开着龙头的方法
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. 【随堂练习】 I. Choose the best answer. A. an B. / C. a D. the ( ) 2. Man___________on the earth for millions of years. A. began to live B. lived C. has lived D. have lived ( ) 3. Mum spends one hour____________food every day. A. to cook B. cooking C. cook D. cooked A. by B. with C. in D. from ( ) 5. Whales are_____________in the world ? A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest ( ) 6. We can save water___________not playing water. A. by B. on C. in D. to ( ) 7. We must___________the oceans. A. stop to pollute B. to stop polluting C. to stop to pollute D. stop polluting ( ) 8. A: What do you want ? B: I need__________of water. A. drinking B. to drink C. a drink D. drink ( ) 9. The firemen fought the fire___________ten hours. A. in B. at C. on D. for ( ) 10. People also___________food__________the oceans. A. get. ... in B. get. . .on C. get. . . from D. get. . . around ( ) 11. Yesterday we visited the Space Museum and we learned_____________about space. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots of D. lot ( ) 12. Miss Xu teaches_____________Chinese. A. their B. them C. they D. theirs ( ) 13. A: __________do we use water? B: We use water to drink. A. What B. Where C. Why D. How A. with B. without C. for D. on ( ) 15. The crops and vegetables____________if there__________no rain. A. will die. . . is B. will die. . . will be C. is. .. will be D. is. . . is 【Keys】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A
Ⅱ. Choose the right word in the brackets to complete the sentence.
【Keys】1. to 2. ocean 3. is like 4. wider 5. polluting
Ⅲ. Rewrite the sentence as required.
____________farmers___________to the crops once a week?
The crops ____________ ____________ if there is no water.
____________ ____________ Kitty and Tom usually do?
I watched TV_____________ ____________ doing my homework. 5. Firemen use water to put out fires. (保持句意不变) 【Keys】1. Do. ..water 2. won't die 3. What do 4. instead of 5. for putting
Ⅳ. Complete the following dialogue with proper sentences in the box.
A: Where are you going, Tom? B: 1 A: How will you go there? 2 B: I will go there by underground. It's faster. 3 A: I will go to the Century Park with my parents? B: 4 A: Thank you 5 . 1. ________ 2. _________ 3. ________ 4. _________ 5. ________ 【Keys】1. C 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. D Ⅴ. Reading comprehension. (A) Water is the "life blood(血液)" of our earth. Like air and sunshine, it is very important to living things. Without water, there can be no life on the earth. All animals and plants need water. Man also needs water. We need water to drink, to cook and to clean ourselves. Water is almost everywhere. Even in the driest places of the world, there is water in the air. However, we can drink not sea water but fresh water. People can keep water clean, but they often make water dirty. They throw litter into rivers, lakes or seas. So not all the fresh water is clean enough for us to drink. We are short of (缺乏) water. People must stop doing this. We must save the earth. Tell whether the following statements are true or false. ( ) 1. Water is more important than air and sunshine. ( ) 2. All living things need water to keep alive. ( ) 3. People only need water to drink and cook. ( ) 4. We can drink both sea water and fresh water. ( ) 5. There is enough water for people to drink. 【Keys】1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. F (B) August 8, 2008 is a big day for China. The 29th Olympic Games will open on this day in Beijing. The Olympic Games are a big sports party every four years. It' s the first time for China to host them. We welcome everyone in the world to come and enjoy the Games. The Games run from August 8 to 24. It's a time for the world to see China. It's also a chance for us to see the world. We are ready. And we are looking forward for the big day. Choose the best answer. ( ) 1. When will the 29th Olympic Games open in Beijing? A. August 5, 2008 B. August 8, 2008 C. August 5, 2010 D. August 8, 2010 ( ) 2. Is it the first time for China to hold Olympic Games? A. Yes, it is B. Yes, it wil be C. No, it isn't D. No, it won't ( ) 3. How often do the Olympic Games take place? A. every year B. every two years C. twice a year D. every four years A. 16 days B. 10 days C. 20 days D. 18days ( ) 5. We are looking forward to the big day, aren't we? A. Yes, we will B. Yes, we are C No, we won t D. No, we aren’t 【Keys】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. B (C) Yesterday afternoon, there was a big fire in King's Village. Some people saw two teenagers in a flat. They were about fifteen years old. They cooked food without any adults at home and ate their lunch there. After that, they played with matches. They threw much paper into the fire. It was very dry and windy. Soon, there was a big fire in the kitchen. The teenagers were afraid and ran out. The fire got bigger and bigger. There were some old people in the block. They ran away quickly when they saw the fire. They lost everything in the fire. The firemen came after twenty minutes. They helped the people to leave. The firemen fought the fire for two hours. They were very brave. Answer the questions. 1. Where was the big fire yesterday? It was_________________________________________________.
【Keys】 1. in King's Village. 2. Two. 3. They threw much paper into the fire. 4. They ran out. 5. For two hours.
Ⅵ. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. Hi, I am an ox (黄牛). Spring is the b 1 time for me. I plough (犁) the farm land so people can p 2 rice. It' s h 3 work, but we don't have to work all the year r 4 . Today, many people use machines (机器) to plough. I hope I won't lose my j 5 . 【Keys】1. busiest 2. plant 3. hard 4. round 5. job
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