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高中英语北师大版高二上册模块6 Unit 17 Laughter教课课件ppt
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这是一份高中英语北师大版高二上册模块6 Unit 17 Laughter教课课件ppt，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了depth ，tough ，thanks to ，starve ，went ，don’t act ，will be ，bothers ，is done ，has been 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、词义匹配1.scare A.a piece f bread2.stringB.ne f several parts that make up a machine3.lafD.pen yur muth wide and breathe deeply,usually because yu are sleepy and bred5.cmpnentE.a strng thread答案：1.C 2.E 3.A 4.D 5.B
二、根据英文猜测单词1. the distance frm the tp t the bttm 2. difficult;strng 3. because f;due t 4. t suffer frm hunger 5. t succeed in ding sth.
三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.During the last three decades,the number f peple participating in physical fitness prgrams (increase) sharply. 2.Hurry up,kids!The schl bus (wait) fr us! 3.I felt very tired when I gt hme,and I (g) straight t bed. 4.The water supply has been cut ff temprarily because the wrkers (repair) ne f the main pipes. 5.I’m calling abut the apartment yu (advertise) the ther day.Culd yu tell me mre abut it?
has increased
is waiting
are repairing
advertised
6.If we (nt act) nw t prtect the envirnment,we’ll live t regret it. 7.—D yu think Mm and Dad (be) late? —N,Swiss Air is usually n up!Mark and Carl (expect) us. 9.Arund tw ’clck every night,Sue will start talking in her dream.It smewhat (bther) us. 10.If nthing (d),the ceans will turn int fish deserts. 11.—Have yu heard abut the recent electin?—Sure,it (be) the nly thing n the news fr the last three days.
are expecting
12.—Culd I use yur car tmrrw mrning?—Sure.I (write)a reprt at hme. 13.—What abut yur self-drive trip yesterday?—Tiring!The rad is being widened,and we (have) a rugh ride. 14.On Mnday mrnings it usually (take) me an hur t drive t wrk althugh the actual distance is nly 20 miles.
will be writing
1.Just when I was able t struggle n lnger,I fund myself within my depth.(Page 26)就在我无力挣扎的时候,我够到底了。★考点 depth n.深度,纵深①What’s the depth f the water here?这儿的水有多深?②Water was fund at a depth f 30 metres.在30米深处找到了水。③They dug dwn t a depth f tw metres.他们挖到两米深。
考点延伸 (1)deep adj.深的deepen vt.加深(2)lng adj.长的→length n.长度wide adj.宽的→width n.宽度high adj.高的→height n.高度weigh vi.重达→weight n.重量
2.Having scared the little beings,I began struggling t get lse and managed t break the strings that tied my left arm and slightly mved the strings that tied dwn my hair.(Page 26)吓走这些小人后,我开始挣扎着松脱,设法挣断捆着我左胳膊的绳子,稍稍移开捆着我头发的绳子。★考点一 在本句中,“Having scared the little beings”是现在分词的完成时,在句子中作状语。句子的主语I和scare之间是主动关系,用完成时态强调分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
①Having finished his hmewrk,Tm went hme.完成作业后,汤姆回家了。②Having eaten at the cafeteria befre,Tina didn’t want t eat there again.蒂娜以前在那个自助餐厅吃过饭,所以她不想再去那里吃饭了。③Linel Messi,having set the recrd fr the mst gals in a calendar year,is cnsidered the mst talented ftball player in Eurpe.里奥内尔·梅西曾在一年内创造了最多得分记录,因此他被认为是欧洲最有天赋的足球运动员。④ eaten their fd and drunk their wine,I nw felt that t d s wuld be rude.(Page 26)……吃了他们的食物,喝了他们的酒,我现在觉得这么做太粗鲁了。
★考点二 scare vt.使恐惧①They scared the dg away by shuting ludly.他们大声喊叫,把狗吓跑了。②The dream scared him a lt.那个梦把他吓坏了。③The rbber scared him int taking ut all his mney.劫匪吓唬威胁他拿出所有的钱。考点延伸 scared adj.害怕的scary adj.可怕的,吓人的
(1)scare的重要考点是词义和派生词。(2)scare sb.away/ff把某人吓跑scare sb.int ding sth.恐吓某人去做某事(3)scared adj.害怕的be scared t d sth.害怕做某事scary adj.可怕的,吓人的
3.At last being almst starved with hunger,I shwed that I wanted fd.(Page 26)最后由于快要饿死了,我示意我想吃东西。★考点 starve vi.挨饿,饿死 vt. 把……饿死①Because f the fld,the villagers are starving.由于洪水,村子里的人正在挨饿。②The snwstrm starved the sheep t death.暴风雪使得羊群饿死了。考点延伸 starvatin n. 饥饿,饿死③Millins will face starvatin next year as a result f the drught.由于干旱,明年将有数百万人面临饥饿。
(1)starve主要考查词义。(2)be starved t death 饿死 death把……饿死starve fr渴望得到(3)starvatin n. 饥饿,饿死
4.Hu Balin had a tugh start in life because he was brn int a very pr family.(Page 27)因为出身贫寒,侯宝林开始时生活艰难。★考点 tugh adj.艰难的;不幸的;强壮的,强健的阅读下列句子,指出tugh在句中的含义①It’s a tugh decisin t make.含义 ②He is tugh t miss such a gd chance.含义 ③—Wuld she mind playing against her frmer teammates?—N.She is willing t play against any tugh players.含义
④Explrers have t be tugh t endure all kinds f hardships.含义 ⑤It’s time t get tugh with thse bullies (欺负人的学生).含义 ⑥This kind f shes are tugh;yu can have if fr muntain climbing.含义
考点延伸 rugh大体的,粗略的;汹涌的,波浪很大的;困难的;粗糙的,崎岖不平的⑦I’ve gt a rugh idea f what he lks like.我已经大致知道他长什么样子了。⑧It was t rugh t sail that night.那天夜里风浪太大,无法行船。⑨She is having a tugh time recently.她最近困难重重。⑩They are driving n a rugh rad.他们行驶在一条崎岖不平的路上。
tugh和rugh是形近词,以考查词义为主。
5.Thanks t Hu Balin’s brilliant perfrmances,xiangsheng gained a great reputatin and much glry,s this is why he is knwn as the funder f xiangsheng.(Page 135听力材料)多亏了侯宝林精湛的表演,相声才有了名声和荣誉,这就是侯宝林被称为相声创始人的原因。★考点 thanks t多亏,由于①Thanks t his effrt,it is mre successful than we have expected.由于他的努力,获得了比我们预期的更大的成功。②I’m feeling better nw,n thanks t yu.我现在觉得好多了,这并非由于你的原因。
考点延伸 thanks t的近义词组:(1)wing t 由于,因为n accunt f因为as a result f由于because f因为be due t因为;由于(2)result frm起因于
thanks t多用于句首,以考查词义为主。
6.Hu Balin has accmplished s much that his achievements in the field f xiangsheng will never be frgtten.(Page 135听力材料)侯宝林取得了如此巨大的成绩,他在相声界的成就永远不会被忘记。★考点 accmplish vt.取得(成功),完成(任务)①They didn’t accmplish the desired purpse.他们没有达到预期的目的。②We have accmplished ur missin successfully.我们成功地完成了任务。③The jurney was accmplished in five weeks.花了五个礼拜走完全部旅程。
④I must accmplish my hmewrk befre I g t play ftball.我去踢足球之前必须完成作业。⑤The explrers accmplished the vyage within five weeks.探险者们在五周内完成了航程。考点延伸 accmplished adj.才华高的,技艺高超的accmplishment n.成绩,成就⑥She is an accmplished artist.她是一位有才华的艺术家。⑦It was ne f the President’s accmplishments.这是总统最大的成就之一。
(1)accmplish主要考查词义。(2)accmplish vt.取得(成功),完成(任务)accmplished adj.才华高的,技艺高超的accmplishment n.成绩,成就
语法指南 一般时态和进行时态一、一般过去时(Simple past tense)1.基本结构主语+动词的过去式+其他.2.用法归纳(1)一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生的动作,也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去的事情。I had a wrd with Julia this mrning.今天早晨,我跟朱莉娅说了几句话。
一般过去时与现在完成时的判断方法:句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时,取决于动作是否对现在有影响。—Have yu had yur lunch?你吃过午饭了吗?(关心的是现在还饿不饿)—Yes,I have.是的,我已经吃过了。(表示已经吃饱了,不想再吃了)When did yu have it?你是什么时候吃的?(关心的是吃的动作发生在何时)(2)句子中带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时。如:yesterday,tw days ag,last year,the ther day,nce upn a time,just nw,when I was 8 years ld,“at+一个时间点”等。Did yu have a party the ther day?前几天你们开晚会了吗?
(3)表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时。这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。The by pened his eyes fr a mment,lked at the captain,and then died.那个男孩把眼睛睁开了一会儿,看了看船长,然后就去世了。(4)表示过去一段时间内的习惯动作。常与always,never等连用。I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。(不涉及现在,不说明现在是否喝酒)可以与always等搭配的时态有一般过去时、一般现在时及过去进行时:Mrs Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。(只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞)
Mrs Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。(说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)Mrs Peter was always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太过去总是带着一把伞。(表示说话者对这一动作或行为的厌烦情绪)(5)有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定的时间状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点要特别注意。I didn’t knw yu were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。(因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。实际上,这句话暗指:But nw I knw yu are here.)
二、一般现在时(Simple present tense)1.基本结构主语+动词的一般形式+其他.2.用法归纳(1)表示习惯性或经常发生的动作或存在的状态(常与usually,always,seldm,smetimes,ften,frequently,every day/week/mnth...等时间状语连用)。He ften ges t schl at seven.他常常7点钟去上学。Why are yu ften late fr wrk?你为什么经常上班迟到?
(2)表示主语现在的特征、性格、状态、能力等。She studies English very hard.她非常努力地学习英语。Can yu speak Japanese?你会说日语吗?(3)表示客观规律、正确事实或科学真理、格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在。The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。The earth mves rund the sun.地球围绕着太阳运行。
(4)由连词if,unless,befre,as sn as,when,nce等引导的时间(条件、让步)状语从句,需用一般现在时表示将来。What are yu ging t d when yu grw up?你长大后准备做什么?Once he makes up his mind,n ne can stp him.一旦他下定了决心,没有人能拦住他。(5)安排或计划要做的动作(有时间状语)限于begin,cme,leave,g,arrive,pen,start,stp,clse,return等动词。The train starts at eight ’clck in the evening.火车晚上8点钟发车。(6)在某些以here,there开头的句子中用一般现在时,动词表示的是现在发生的动作。Here cmes the bus!(=The bus is cming!)公共汽车来了!
三、一般将来时(Simple future tense)1.基本结构主语+will+动词原形+其他.2.用法归纳在表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态或事物的固有属性或必然趋势时常用一般将来时。Tm will cme back next week.汤姆下周回来。3.将来时态的多种表达法(1)“be ging t+动词原形”多表示“计划、打算做某事”,此外,还表示根据现在的迹象,对未来进行推断。I’m ging t finish my wrk n time.我打算准时完成工作。
Lk at the dark cluds.It is ging t rain.看这乌云,要下雨了。(2)“be abut t+动词原形”表示立即的将来,很少与具体的时间状语连用,但可以和when连用。The train is abut t start.火车就要开了。(3)有些动词如cme,g,stay,arrive,leave,begin,start等,其一般现在时、进行时也可表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作或状态。I’m cming.我马上来。(4)be t+动词原形①表计划、安排He is t be married next mnth.他下个月结婚。②表应该Yu are t call the plice.你该报警。
③表禁止Yu’re nt t smke in the rm.你不可以在房内吸烟。④表可能The news is t be fund in the evening paper.这条消息可能在晚报上见到。四、现在进行时(Present cntinuus tense)1.基本结构主语+is/are+v.-ing+其他.2.用法归纳(1)表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。They are playing basketball n the sprts grund.他们正在操场上打篮球。
(2)表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作(说话时动作不一定正在进行)。Yu lk lvely when yu’re smiling.你笑的时候很好看。(3)表示说话人对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶(常与always,cnstantly,cntinually等副词连用)。He is cnstantly leaving his things abut.他老是乱扔东西。(4)get,turn,grw,becme等系动词,可用进行时表示正在逐渐发生变化。It’s getting warmer and warmer.天气正渐渐变暖。
五、过去进行时(Past cntinuus tense)1.基本结构主语+was/were+v.-ing+其他.2.用法归纳(1)表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间,除有上下文暗示外,一般和特定的时间状语连用。I was watching TV at 8 last night when my parents came back.昨晚八点我父母回来时,我正在看电视。(2)可用来描写故事的背景。It was winter.The nrth wind was blwing hard and a heavy snw was falling.那是冬天,北风呼啸,大雪纷飞。
(3)可用在复合句中。①两个时间较长的动作在过去同时进行,均用过去进行时。While he was driving,he was thinking abut this matter.他一边开车,一边思考这个问题。②两个时间一长一短的动作在过去某时同时发生时,时间较长的动作用过去进行时。He was drawing when I left.我离开时他正在画画。(4)不与时间状语连用,表示逐渐地发展。It was getting dark.天渐渐黑了。
(5)动词g,cme,start,leave等的过去进行时可以表示过去即将发生的动作。He tld me that they were starting the next day.他告诉我说他们第二天就出发。He was cming t see me,but unfrtunately he was ill.他打算来看我,不幸却生病了。六、将来进行时(Past cntinuus tense)1.基本结构主语+will be ding+其他.2.用法归纳表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 Six ’clck?It’s t early.I will be sleeping at that time.六点钟?太早了。我那时正在睡觉呢。
一、阅读词汇检测阅读下列句子,指出其中黑体词的含义。1.He yawned and stretched.含义 答案：打呵欠2.The repair shp sells electrical cmpnents.含义 答案：成分,组成部分3.Can yu find me sme string t tie up the package?含义 答案：绳,线
4.Life as a single mther can be tugh.含义 答案：困难的5.The girl selling matches starved t death.含义 答案：挨饿,饿死
二、写作词汇检测用所学单词完成句子。1.I want a (一条) f bread. 答案：laf2.The reprters were asking a lt f (困难的) questins. 答案：tugh3.What is the (深度) f the river? 答案：depth4.We have (完成) all we set ut t d. 答案：accmplished5.They let fires t (吓唬,使恐惧) away the animals. 答案：scare
三、用所给单词的适当形式完成句子1.(2015福建卷)—Where is Peter?I can’t find him anywhere.—He went t the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since. 答案：has been writing 2.(2015湖南卷)As yu g thrugh this bk,yu (find) that each f the millins f peple wh lived thrugh Wrld War Ⅱ had a different experience. 答案：will find3.(2015湖南卷)It is imprtant t remember that success (be) a sum f small effrts made each day and ften (take) years t achieve. 答案：is;takes
4.(2015湖南卷)He must have sensed that I (lk) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are yu staring at me like that?” 答案：was lking 5.(2015湖南卷)Whenever yu (buy) a present,yu shuld think abut it frm the receiver’s pint f view. 答案：buy 6.(2015陕西卷)Mary (wrk) really hard n his bk and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 答案：has been wrking
7.(2015四川卷)Mre expressways in Sichuan (build) sn t prmte the lcal ecnmy. 答案：will be built 8.(2015天津卷)Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 ’clck this afternn because she (teach) a class at that time. 答案：will be teaching
9.(2015重庆卷)In my hmetwn,there is always a harvest supper fr the farmers after all the wheat (cut). 答案：has been cut 10.—Haven’t seen yu fr ages!Where have yu been?—I went t Ningxia and (stay) there fr ne year,teaching as a vlunteer. 答案：stayed
四、根据汉语提示完成句子1.趁你还没忘你最好把她的电话号码记下来。Yu’d better write dwn her phne number . 答案：befre yu frget it2.詹姆斯刚刚到达,但我直到昨天才知道他要来。James has just arrived,but I didn’t knw he until yesterday. 答案：wuld cme/was cming
一、词义匹配1.scare A.a piece f bread2.stringB.ne f several parts that make up a machine3.lafD.pen yur muth wide and breathe deeply,usually because yu are sleepy and bred5.cmpnentE.a strng thread答案：1.C 2.E 3.A 4.D 5.B
二、根据英文猜测单词1. the distance frm the tp t the bttm 2. difficult;strng 3. because f;due t 4. t suffer frm hunger 5. t succeed in ding sth.
三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.During the last three decades,the number f peple participating in physical fitness prgrams (increase) sharply. 2.Hurry up,kids!The schl bus (wait) fr us! 3.I felt very tired when I gt hme,and I (g) straight t bed. 4.The water supply has been cut ff temprarily because the wrkers (repair) ne f the main pipes. 5.I’m calling abut the apartment yu (advertise) the ther day.Culd yu tell me mre abut it?
has increased
is waiting
are repairing
advertised
6.If we (nt act) nw t prtect the envirnment,we’ll live t regret it. 7.—D yu think Mm and Dad (be) late? —N,Swiss Air is usually n up!Mark and Carl (expect) us. 9.Arund tw ’clck every night,Sue will start talking in her dream.It smewhat (bther) us. 10.If nthing (d),the ceans will turn int fish deserts. 11.—Have yu heard abut the recent electin?—Sure,it (be) the nly thing n the news fr the last three days.
are expecting
12.—Culd I use yur car tmrrw mrning?—Sure.I (write)a reprt at hme. 13.—What abut yur self-drive trip yesterday?—Tiring!The rad is being widened,and we (have) a rugh ride. 14.On Mnday mrnings it usually (take) me an hur t drive t wrk althugh the actual distance is nly 20 miles.
will be writing
1.Just when I was able t struggle n lnger,I fund myself within my depth.(Page 26)就在我无力挣扎的时候,我够到底了。★考点 depth n.深度,纵深①What’s the depth f the water here?这儿的水有多深?②Water was fund at a depth f 30 metres.在30米深处找到了水。③They dug dwn t a depth f tw metres.他们挖到两米深。
考点延伸 (1)deep adj.深的deepen vt.加深(2)lng adj.长的→length n.长度wide adj.宽的→width n.宽度high adj.高的→height n.高度weigh vi.重达→weight n.重量
2.Having scared the little beings,I began struggling t get lse and managed t break the strings that tied my left arm and slightly mved the strings that tied dwn my hair.(Page 26)吓走这些小人后,我开始挣扎着松脱,设法挣断捆着我左胳膊的绳子,稍稍移开捆着我头发的绳子。★考点一 在本句中,“Having scared the little beings”是现在分词的完成时,在句子中作状语。句子的主语I和scare之间是主动关系,用完成时态强调分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
①Having finished his hmewrk,Tm went hme.完成作业后,汤姆回家了。②Having eaten at the cafeteria befre,Tina didn’t want t eat there again.蒂娜以前在那个自助餐厅吃过饭,所以她不想再去那里吃饭了。③Linel Messi,having set the recrd fr the mst gals in a calendar year,is cnsidered the mst talented ftball player in Eurpe.里奥内尔·梅西曾在一年内创造了最多得分记录,因此他被认为是欧洲最有天赋的足球运动员。④ eaten their fd and drunk their wine,I nw felt that t d s wuld be rude.(Page 26)……吃了他们的食物,喝了他们的酒,我现在觉得这么做太粗鲁了。
★考点二 scare vt.使恐惧①They scared the dg away by shuting ludly.他们大声喊叫,把狗吓跑了。②The dream scared him a lt.那个梦把他吓坏了。③The rbber scared him int taking ut all his mney.劫匪吓唬威胁他拿出所有的钱。考点延伸 scared adj.害怕的scary adj.可怕的,吓人的
(1)scare的重要考点是词义和派生词。(2)scare sb.away/ff把某人吓跑scare sb.int ding sth.恐吓某人去做某事(3)scared adj.害怕的be scared t d sth.害怕做某事scary adj.可怕的,吓人的
3.At last being almst starved with hunger,I shwed that I wanted fd.(Page 26)最后由于快要饿死了,我示意我想吃东西。★考点 starve vi.挨饿,饿死 vt. 把……饿死①Because f the fld,the villagers are starving.由于洪水,村子里的人正在挨饿。②The snwstrm starved the sheep t death.暴风雪使得羊群饿死了。考点延伸 starvatin n. 饥饿,饿死③Millins will face starvatin next year as a result f the drught.由于干旱,明年将有数百万人面临饥饿。
(1)starve主要考查词义。(2)be starved t death 饿死 death把……饿死starve fr渴望得到(3)starvatin n. 饥饿,饿死
4.Hu Balin had a tugh start in life because he was brn int a very pr family.(Page 27)因为出身贫寒,侯宝林开始时生活艰难。★考点 tugh adj.艰难的;不幸的;强壮的,强健的阅读下列句子,指出tugh在句中的含义①It’s a tugh decisin t make.含义 ②He is tugh t miss such a gd chance.含义 ③—Wuld she mind playing against her frmer teammates?—N.She is willing t play against any tugh players.含义
④Explrers have t be tugh t endure all kinds f hardships.含义 ⑤It’s time t get tugh with thse bullies (欺负人的学生).含义 ⑥This kind f shes are tugh;yu can have if fr muntain climbing.含义
考点延伸 rugh大体的,粗略的;汹涌的,波浪很大的;困难的;粗糙的,崎岖不平的⑦I’ve gt a rugh idea f what he lks like.我已经大致知道他长什么样子了。⑧It was t rugh t sail that night.那天夜里风浪太大,无法行船。⑨She is having a tugh time recently.她最近困难重重。⑩They are driving n a rugh rad.他们行驶在一条崎岖不平的路上。
tugh和rugh是形近词,以考查词义为主。
5.Thanks t Hu Balin’s brilliant perfrmances,xiangsheng gained a great reputatin and much glry,s this is why he is knwn as the funder f xiangsheng.(Page 135听力材料)多亏了侯宝林精湛的表演,相声才有了名声和荣誉,这就是侯宝林被称为相声创始人的原因。★考点 thanks t多亏,由于①Thanks t his effrt,it is mre successful than we have expected.由于他的努力,获得了比我们预期的更大的成功。②I’m feeling better nw,n thanks t yu.我现在觉得好多了,这并非由于你的原因。
考点延伸 thanks t的近义词组:(1)wing t 由于,因为n accunt f因为as a result f由于because f因为be due t因为;由于(2)result frm起因于
thanks t多用于句首,以考查词义为主。
6.Hu Balin has accmplished s much that his achievements in the field f xiangsheng will never be frgtten.(Page 135听力材料)侯宝林取得了如此巨大的成绩,他在相声界的成就永远不会被忘记。★考点 accmplish vt.取得(成功),完成(任务)①They didn’t accmplish the desired purpse.他们没有达到预期的目的。②We have accmplished ur missin successfully.我们成功地完成了任务。③The jurney was accmplished in five weeks.花了五个礼拜走完全部旅程。
④I must accmplish my hmewrk befre I g t play ftball.我去踢足球之前必须完成作业。⑤The explrers accmplished the vyage within five weeks.探险者们在五周内完成了航程。考点延伸 accmplished adj.才华高的,技艺高超的accmplishment n.成绩,成就⑥She is an accmplished artist.她是一位有才华的艺术家。⑦It was ne f the President’s accmplishments.这是总统最大的成就之一。
(1)accmplish主要考查词义。(2)accmplish vt.取得(成功),完成(任务)accmplished adj.才华高的,技艺高超的accmplishment n.成绩,成就
语法指南 一般时态和进行时态一、一般过去时(Simple past tense)1.基本结构主语+动词的过去式+其他.2.用法归纳(1)一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生的动作,也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去的事情。I had a wrd with Julia this mrning.今天早晨,我跟朱莉娅说了几句话。
一般过去时与现在完成时的判断方法:句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时,取决于动作是否对现在有影响。—Have yu had yur lunch?你吃过午饭了吗?(关心的是现在还饿不饿)—Yes,I have.是的,我已经吃过了。(表示已经吃饱了,不想再吃了)When did yu have it?你是什么时候吃的?(关心的是吃的动作发生在何时)(2)句子中带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时。如:yesterday,tw days ag,last year,the ther day,nce upn a time,just nw,when I was 8 years ld,“at+一个时间点”等。Did yu have a party the ther day?前几天你们开晚会了吗?
(3)表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时。这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。The by pened his eyes fr a mment,lked at the captain,and then died.那个男孩把眼睛睁开了一会儿,看了看船长,然后就去世了。(4)表示过去一段时间内的习惯动作。常与always,never等连用。I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。(不涉及现在,不说明现在是否喝酒)可以与always等搭配的时态有一般过去时、一般现在时及过去进行时:Mrs Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。(只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞)
Mrs Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。(说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)Mrs Peter was always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太过去总是带着一把伞。(表示说话者对这一动作或行为的厌烦情绪)(5)有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定的时间状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点要特别注意。I didn’t knw yu were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。(因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。实际上,这句话暗指:But nw I knw yu are here.)
二、一般现在时(Simple present tense)1.基本结构主语+动词的一般形式+其他.2.用法归纳(1)表示习惯性或经常发生的动作或存在的状态(常与usually,always,seldm,smetimes,ften,frequently,every day/week/mnth...等时间状语连用)。He ften ges t schl at seven.他常常7点钟去上学。Why are yu ften late fr wrk?你为什么经常上班迟到?
(2)表示主语现在的特征、性格、状态、能力等。She studies English very hard.她非常努力地学习英语。Can yu speak Japanese?你会说日语吗?(3)表示客观规律、正确事实或科学真理、格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在。The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。The earth mves rund the sun.地球围绕着太阳运行。
(4)由连词if,unless,befre,as sn as,when,nce等引导的时间(条件、让步)状语从句,需用一般现在时表示将来。What are yu ging t d when yu grw up?你长大后准备做什么?Once he makes up his mind,n ne can stp him.一旦他下定了决心,没有人能拦住他。(5)安排或计划要做的动作(有时间状语)限于begin,cme,leave,g,arrive,pen,start,stp,clse,return等动词。The train starts at eight ’clck in the evening.火车晚上8点钟发车。(6)在某些以here,there开头的句子中用一般现在时,动词表示的是现在发生的动作。Here cmes the bus!(=The bus is cming!)公共汽车来了!
三、一般将来时(Simple future tense)1.基本结构主语+will+动词原形+其他.2.用法归纳在表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态或事物的固有属性或必然趋势时常用一般将来时。Tm will cme back next week.汤姆下周回来。3.将来时态的多种表达法(1)“be ging t+动词原形”多表示“计划、打算做某事”,此外,还表示根据现在的迹象,对未来进行推断。I’m ging t finish my wrk n time.我打算准时完成工作。
Lk at the dark cluds.It is ging t rain.看这乌云,要下雨了。(2)“be abut t+动词原形”表示立即的将来,很少与具体的时间状语连用,但可以和when连用。The train is abut t start.火车就要开了。(3)有些动词如cme,g,stay,arrive,leave,begin,start等,其一般现在时、进行时也可表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作或状态。I’m cming.我马上来。(4)be t+动词原形①表计划、安排He is t be married next mnth.他下个月结婚。②表应该Yu are t call the plice.你该报警。
③表禁止Yu’re nt t smke in the rm.你不可以在房内吸烟。④表可能The news is t be fund in the evening paper.这条消息可能在晚报上见到。四、现在进行时(Present cntinuus tense)1.基本结构主语+is/are+v.-ing+其他.2.用法归纳(1)表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。They are playing basketball n the sprts grund.他们正在操场上打篮球。
(2)表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作(说话时动作不一定正在进行)。Yu lk lvely when yu’re smiling.你笑的时候很好看。(3)表示说话人对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶(常与always,cnstantly,cntinually等副词连用)。He is cnstantly leaving his things abut.他老是乱扔东西。(4)get,turn,grw,becme等系动词,可用进行时表示正在逐渐发生变化。It’s getting warmer and warmer.天气正渐渐变暖。
五、过去进行时(Past cntinuus tense)1.基本结构主语+was/were+v.-ing+其他.2.用法归纳(1)表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间,除有上下文暗示外,一般和特定的时间状语连用。I was watching TV at 8 last night when my parents came back.昨晚八点我父母回来时,我正在看电视。(2)可用来描写故事的背景。It was winter.The nrth wind was blwing hard and a heavy snw was falling.那是冬天,北风呼啸,大雪纷飞。
(3)可用在复合句中。①两个时间较长的动作在过去同时进行,均用过去进行时。While he was driving,he was thinking abut this matter.他一边开车,一边思考这个问题。②两个时间一长一短的动作在过去某时同时发生时,时间较长的动作用过去进行时。He was drawing when I left.我离开时他正在画画。(4)不与时间状语连用,表示逐渐地发展。It was getting dark.天渐渐黑了。
(5)动词g,cme,start,leave等的过去进行时可以表示过去即将发生的动作。He tld me that they were starting the next day.他告诉我说他们第二天就出发。He was cming t see me,but unfrtunately he was ill.他打算来看我,不幸却生病了。六、将来进行时(Past cntinuus tense)1.基本结构主语+will be ding+其他.2.用法归纳表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 Six ’clck?It’s t early.I will be sleeping at that time.六点钟?太早了。我那时正在睡觉呢。
一、阅读词汇检测阅读下列句子,指出其中黑体词的含义。1.He yawned and stretched.含义 答案：打呵欠2.The repair shp sells electrical cmpnents.含义 答案：成分,组成部分3.Can yu find me sme string t tie up the package?含义 答案：绳,线
4.Life as a single mther can be tugh.含义 答案：困难的5.The girl selling matches starved t death.含义 答案：挨饿,饿死
二、写作词汇检测用所学单词完成句子。1.I want a (一条) f bread. 答案：laf2.The reprters were asking a lt f (困难的) questins. 答案：tugh3.What is the (深度) f the river? 答案：depth4.We have (完成) all we set ut t d. 答案：accmplished5.They let fires t (吓唬,使恐惧) away the animals. 答案：scare
三、用所给单词的适当形式完成句子1.(2015福建卷)—Where is Peter?I can’t find him anywhere.—He went t the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since. 答案：has been writing 2.(2015湖南卷)As yu g thrugh this bk,yu (find) that each f the millins f peple wh lived thrugh Wrld War Ⅱ had a different experience. 答案：will find3.(2015湖南卷)It is imprtant t remember that success (be) a sum f small effrts made each day and ften (take) years t achieve. 答案：is;takes
4.(2015湖南卷)He must have sensed that I (lk) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are yu staring at me like that?” 答案：was lking 5.(2015湖南卷)Whenever yu (buy) a present,yu shuld think abut it frm the receiver’s pint f view. 答案：buy 6.(2015陕西卷)Mary (wrk) really hard n his bk and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 答案：has been wrking
7.(2015四川卷)Mre expressways in Sichuan (build) sn t prmte the lcal ecnmy. 答案：will be built 8.(2015天津卷)Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 ’clck this afternn because she (teach) a class at that time. 答案：will be teaching
9.(2015重庆卷)In my hmetwn,there is always a harvest supper fr the farmers after all the wheat (cut). 答案：has been cut 10.—Haven’t seen yu fr ages!Where have yu been?—I went t Ningxia and (stay) there fr ne year,teaching as a vlunteer. 答案：stayed
四、根据汉语提示完成句子1.趁你还没忘你最好把她的电话号码记下来。Yu’d better write dwn her phne number . 答案：befre yu frget it2.詹姆斯刚刚到达,但我直到昨天才知道他要来。James has just arrived,but I didn’t knw he until yesterday. 答案：wuld cme/was cming
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