人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course导学案

UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE

现在完成进行时

【观察例句】

1．People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years.

2．Many people around the world have been enjoying city centre streets without cars for many years.

3．He has been fighting with a friend.

4．I have been looking for a job for three months.

5．I have been writing letters all this evening and I've just finished them.

6．You haven't been doing your homework those days.

【归纳用法】

一、意义

现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能还要继续进行下去。

二、构成

肯定形式：have/has＋been doing(第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have)

I have been waiting for you.我一直在等你。

否定形式：have/has＋not＋been doing

He hasn't been using the car for the last two months.

过去两个月他一直没用车。

三、用法

1．表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到说话时还在进行，或可能还要继续下去。通常和“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点(或从句)”的时间状语连用。

It has been snowing for three hours.

雪已经下了三个小时了。(从过去某一时间开始下雪，强调到现在还在下)

2．表示不久前刚刚结束的动作。这种意义通常根据上下文来判断。

Her eyes are red. It's obvious that she has been crying for a long time.

她的眼睛红红的，显然哭了很长时间。

3．强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。

She has always been working hard.

她工作一直很努力。

4．表示这段时间反复发生的事情。

I have been visiting some cities of China this month.

这个月我一直在参观中国的一些城市。

[名师点津]

不能用于进行时的动词如表示心理活动、属性拥有、表象感官、行为结果的动词不用于现在完成进行时。

我已经感冒两周了。

I have been having a cold for two weeks. (×)

I have had a cold for two weeks.  (√)

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①They have been building(build) the bridge for two months.

②He has been playing(play) basketball since he was ten.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The Chinese government has been doing(do) research into vaccine (疫苗) against African Swine Fever for months，recently many have received the first doses.

2．The dollar has been climbing(climb) steadily all week.

3．I have been waiting(wait) for an hour and a half.

4．She is very tired. She has been working(work) all morning.

5．Jim has been phoning(phone) Jenny every night for the past week.

6．They have been building(build) the bridge for two months.

7．The telephone has been ringing(ring) in the office all the morning.

8．In the past few years，he has been dealing(deal) with a few international companies.

9．She is tired. She has been typing(type) letters all the afternoon.

10．He has written(write) a letter this morning and sent it to his friend.

Ⅱ.短文语法填空

My wish is 1.to go(go) to a key university. I 2.have been studying(study) for many years. But I am poor 3.in English since I went to junior school. My English teacher told me to insist 4.on listening and writing. I 5.have been learning(learn) English every morning to improve it. Because I 6.have wasted(waste) a lot of time，it was hard to catch up with other students. After 7.going(go) to high school，I 8.have been staying(stay) up late into the night and 9.have been getting(get) up early in the morning. I 10.have been writing(write) two compositions every day. I think I should spare no effort to improve my English and achieve my dream.