2021版新高考译林英语（江苏专版）一轮教师用书：必修1Unit3Lookinggoodfeelinggood



三言
两语
1.With the improvement of the living standards，more and more people，especially children，are suffering from obesity.
2．People are beginning to attach much more importance to their health these days than ever before.
3．It goes without saying that going to bed early and getting up early is of great benefit to our health.
1.医生建议我们要均衡饮食并养成早起的习惯。
The doctor advised that we_(should)_have _a_balanced_diet and get into the good habit of getting_up_early.
2．锻炼不仅能改善我们的健康状况，而且使我们精神愉悦、学习效率提高。
Not only does_exercise_improve_our_health but also makes us cheerful and raises our learning efficiency.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．figure n．体形；数字；人物
2．suffer vt.& vi.受苦；遭受(磨难)
3．count vi.认为，算作；重要 vt.数数
4．contain vt.包含；容纳
5．damage vt.& n．损害，伤害
6．diet n．节食；日常饮食 vi.节食，控制饮食
7．affect vt.影响；(病毒)感染
8．gain vt.增加；获得，赢得
9．prefer vt.更喜欢
10．loss n．丧失，丢失，损失
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·江苏卷) The 65­year­old Steve Goodwin was found suffering (suffer) from early Alzheimer's(阿尔茨海默症)．
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Diets(diet) have changed in China — and so too has its top crop.
3．(2016·北京卷)Dr.Welch knew the boy had diphtheria，a deadly infectious disease mainly affecting(affect) children.
4．Just as I was wondering what to do next，I saw one of the familiar figures (figure) passing by our classroom.
5．It is not how much you read but what you read that counts (count)．
6．In South Africa there is a safari park，which contains (contain) wild animals like lions，elephants，and zebras.
拓展单词
1．treat vt.& vi.治疗；招待；处理，讨论→treatment n．治疗；待遇；处理
2．effect n．效果，作用；影响→effective adj.有效的→effectively adv.有效地
3．equip vt.配备；装备→equipment n．器材；设备
4．include v．包含，包括→including prep.包括
5．attract v．吸引→attraction n．吸引人的事物→attractive adj.有吸引力的，有魅力的
6．concentrate vt.& vi.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→concentration n．专心，专注
7．embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassed adj.尴尬的，不好意思的，难为情的→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的；为难的
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Before the new law comes into effect，I hope we can take some effective measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes.Then we should work effectively at once.(effect)
2．The Great Wall is an attraction，whose scenes are very attractive，and it attracts many tourists every day.(attract)
3．What you did was embarrassing，making the guest very embarrassed and it also embarrassed me.(embarrass)
4．Concentration is important for this kind of work，and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.(concentrate)
5．The band played many songs，including some of my favourites，that is to say some of my favourites included.(include)
6．It's reported that patients cannot be treated with timely treatment because of a shortage of medicine.(treat)
阅读单词
1．weight­loss n．减肥，瘦身
2．athlete n．运动员
3．downtown adv.在市中心，往市中心(尤指商业中心区)
4．freeway n．〈美〉高速公路
5．pressure n．压力
6．marathon n．马拉松赛跑
7．approximately adv.大约
8．overweight adj.肥胖的，体重超标的
9．waist n．腰，腰部；腰围

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) “I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as close to it as I am to my dogs，” says Ehlers.vt. 推测，判断，认为
2．(2018·江苏卷) It's vital that new compulsory age­appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.vt. 使有能力，使能够胜任

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.work_out 锻炼
2．go_on_a_diet 节食
3．in_the_long_term 从长远角度看
4．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上，其次
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
In order to stay slim，girls tend to go ①on a diet.②As a matter of fact，I think they should follow the doctor's advice to work ③out regularly every day，which will benefit them in ④the long term.
5.get_into_shape 强身健体
6．make_the_most_of 充分利用
7．be_ashamed_of 对…… 感到羞愧
8．hear_from 收到……来信
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
My cousin，a Suzhou University student，was ashamed ⑤of her fat body.Therefore，she turned to a nutrition doctor.He advised her to take physical exercise.Following the doctor's advice，she made ⑥the most of her spare time to get ⑦into shape by swimming.Soon，she looked better.
9.fall_out (头发等)脱落
10．lose_weight 减肥
11．take_the/a_risk 冒险
12．be_dying_to_do_sth. 渴望做某事
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
To keep slim，some girls try to lose weight.Some even take ⑧the risk to take pills.However，the weight still remains the same.Meanwhile，their bodies are breaking down.What's worse，the hair of some girls even begins to fall ⑨out.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.as“正如，就像”，引导方式状语从句
I think you look great as you are，and you're a wonderful person.
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·写作佳句) 你应该像以前那样提前预习功课。
You should prepare your lessons in advance as_you_did_before.
2.keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Water helps keep your system clean.
他们聚会的喧闹声使我久久不能入睡。
The noise from their party kept_me_awake for a long time.
3.so开头的倒装句
Walking and riding your bike count，and so do school sports.
最著名的设计师是中国人，模特也是，消费者也是……
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)The most famous designers are Chinese，so_are_the_models，and so_are_the_consumers...

1．figure n．[C]体形；数字；人物
(1)figure out 计算出；理解，明白
figure on 指望；计划
(2)keep one's figure 保持体形
have a good/slim figure有一个好/苗条的身材

figure out how to do it弄明白该怎么办
figure on going over to town to pay a visit 打算进城去看看
want to keep a good figure想要保持好的身材

[基础练习]——写出下列句中figure的词性和含义
①Being a public figure today，however，is more difficult than it used to be.n.人物
②For me，such a large sum of money is an enormous figure.n.数字
③I figured that he was drunk and shouldn't be allowed to drive.vt.认为
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)The art historians tried to find out how the temple might have looked when built around 15 B．C.
(高级表达)The art historians tried to figure_out how the temple might have looked when built around 15 B．C.(figure)
2．ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的
feel/be ashamed of (doing) sth.对(做)某事感到羞耻/惭愧
feel/be ashamed to do sth.因做某事感到羞愧
feel/be ashamed of sb.替某人感到羞耻/惭愧
feel/be ashamed of oneself for doing...某人因做了……而感到羞愧

be ashamed of what she has done为她的所作所为感到惭愧
feel ashamed of having done so little为干得太少而感到羞愧
make me ashamed of him让我为他感到羞耻

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I am ashamed to_say(say) that I lied to her.
②I was fat，and I was ashamed of it as it was known.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他因工作落后而感到羞愧。
①He was/felt ashamed to_be_behind in his work.
②He was/felt ashamed of_himself_for_being_behind in his work.
3．prefer vt.更喜欢
(1)prefer (sb.) to do sth.宁愿(某人)做某事
prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.喜欢(做)……胜过喜欢(做)……
(2)prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.(＝would do sth.rather than do sth.＝would rather do sth.than do sth.) 宁愿做某事也不愿做某事
(3)preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
have a preference for 对……偏爱

prefer doing to talking喜欢做而不喜欢说
prefer his earlier paintings to his later ones
喜欢他的早期画作胜过他的晚期画作
prefer you not to stay there too long
希望你不要在那儿待得太久

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) I prefer to_go (go) out and be out.Alone，but together，you know?
②A teacher should not have a preference (prefer) for any one of his pupils.
[能力提升]——一句多译
她宁可骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。
①She preferred_cycling_to_the_countryside_to_staying_indoors all day.(prefer doing...to doing...)
②She preferred_to_cycle_to_the_countryside_rather_than_stay_indoors all day.(prefer to do...rather than do...)
③She would_rather_cycle_to_the_countryside_than_stay_indoors all day.(would rather do...than do...)
④She would_cycle_to_the_countryside_rather_than_stay_indoors all day.(would do...rather than do...)
[名师点津]　prefer＝like better，因此不能和比较级连用。
4．contain vt.包含；容纳
(1)contain oneself控制自己
(2)container n. 容器；集装箱，货柜

contain protein and fat含蛋白质和脂肪
contain his fear抑制住他的恐惧
contain two hundred students容纳200个学生

[基础练习]——写出下列句中contain的含义
①It contains a lot of pictures taken during my childhood.包含
②The stadium is large enough to contain 100 thousand people.容纳
③Hearing the disappointing news，he was too sad to contain himself.克制；抑制
[能力提升]——完成句子
这个容器装有各种气体，其中包括二氧化碳。
The container contains varieties of gases，including CO2/CO2 included.
[名师点津]　contain表示所含之物的全部或一部分，侧重于所含有的数量或成分；而include侧重指范围，其主语和宾语属于同类；是整体和部分的关系。
[图解助记]

5．suffer vt.& vi.受苦；遭受(磨难)
(1)suffer from 遭受……之苦；患……病
suffer loss (pain/hardship，etc.) 遭受损失(痛苦/困苦等)
(2)suffering n．痛苦，苦难

suffer from cold and hunger 饥寒交迫
suffer for his carelessness 因粗心而遭受损失
suffer a big loss for the sake of small gains为了小的利益而遭受巨大的损失

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Reading fiction can help those who do not suffer from loneliness to understand lonely people.
②These tablets should relieve his suffering(suffer) for a couple of hours.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)Because they had suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world.
(高级表达) Having_suffered_such_a_heavy_loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world.(用现在分词作状语)
[名师点津]　suffer和suffer from一般不用于被动语态。
6．effect n．效果，作用；影响
(1)have an/no effect on/upon 对……有/没有影响
come into effect 开始实施；生效
in effect 实际上；在实施中，有效
take effect 见效，开始起作用
(2)affect vt.影响

cause and effect 原因和结果；因果
start to take effect after a few minutes几分钟后开始起作用
be of no effect一点用也没有
put many new measures into effect实行许多新措施

[基础练习]——语段语法填空
The new traffic law has come into effect.In effect，it has a great effect on/upon people's life in many ways besides people's focus on road safety.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)He was affected by the failure in the exam and lost heart.
(高级表达)Affected_by_the_failure in the exam，he lost heart.(用过去分词作状语)
7．count vi.认为，算作；重要 vt.数数
count...in/out 把……包括/不包括在内
count on/upon(＝depend/rely on/upon) 依赖，依靠
count on it that...依靠/指望……
count on/upon sb.doing/to do sth.指望/依靠某人做某事
count up＝add up 把……加起来；算出总数

count me in on this project
把我也算作这项计划的参加者
count on you to persuade her指望你能说服她
count on him telling the truth 指望他说实话
count up the figures把这些数字加起来

[基础练习]——写出下列句中count的含义
①Don't count your chickens before they're hatched.数数
②If you're all going to the party，you can count me in.算作
③Her opinion counts because of her rich experience.重要
④On the whole she counted herself a fortunate wife.认为
[能力提升]——一句多译
不要指望他会帮你。
①You shouldn't count on it that_he_will_help_you.
②You shouldn't count on him_helping/to_help_you.
8．concentrate vt.& vi.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
(1)concentrate on 集中精力于，全神贯注于
concentrate one's attention/energy on 把注意力/精力集中于
(2)concentrated adj. 专心的，聚精会神的；决心要做的

sit at her desk concentrating hard坐在书桌边全神贯注学习
concentrate on what I'm saying集中注意力听我讲
concentrate our efforts on finding ways to reduce costs 集中我们的精力找出降低成本的办法

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) They reflect a concentrated (concentrate) beam(束) of light onto the town's central square，creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.
②(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
③If you are unable to concentrate your attention on your study，you are unable to achieve at your best level.
[能力提升]——一句多译
自从她出国以后，他一直专心工作。
①Since she went abroad，he has concentrated_(his_mind)_on his work. (concentrate)
②Since she went abroad，he has devoted_himself_to his work.(devote)
③Since she went abroad，he has buried_himself_in his work.(bury)
④Since she went abroad，he has been_absorbed_in his work.(absorb)
[联想发散]　concentrate on“专注于”同义短语小结：
①fix/focus one's attention/mind on/upon...②be absorbed in (doing)．..③bury oneself in.../be buried in...④devote oneself to...⑤put one's heart into...
9．work out 锻炼
work on 从事……；继续……
work at 从事，致力于……
work as 充当，作为……而工作
work with 与……共事/合作
at/out of work 在工作/失业

work out at the gym for two hours every day每天在体育馆锻炼两个小时
work out a plan acceptable to all制订出一个大家都能接受的计划
work out the cost of the trip 把这次旅行的费用算出来

[基础练习]——写出下列句中work out的含义
①Can you work out how much money it will cost? 计算出
②We didn't plan our art exhibition，but it worked out well.发生
③He works out every day，so he must have a strong body.锻炼
④We'd better discuss everything in detail before we work out the plan.制订出
[能力提升]——完成句子
据说她毫无困难地解决了这个问题。
It's said that she worked_out_the_problem with no difficulty.
10．in the long term 从长远角度看
in the short term/run 就短期看，就眼前来说
in the long run/term 从长远来看
in terms of 在……方面，就……而言
be on good/bad terms with sb.与某人关系好/不好

have very positive effects in the long term
从长远来看有非常积极的影响
in terms of quantity从数量上看
be on good terms with your neighbours 和邻居搞好关系

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The LCD will be much cheaper in the short run，I suppose.
②The job is great in terms of salary，but it has its disadvantages.
[能力提升]——完成句子
保护环境花费巨大，但从长远来看，这将有利于整个社会。
Protecting our environment is very costly，but in_the_long_term/run，it will benefit the whole society.
11．(教材P43) I think you look great as_you_are，and you're a wonderful person.我觉得你目前这个样子看上去就很棒，而且你是一个非常优秀的人。
[句型公式]　句中as you are是方式状语从句，意为“你本来的样子”。as是连词，意为“按照，像……一样，正如”。
as的常用意思及其引导的状语从句：
(1)“按照，像……一样，正如”，引导方式状语从句。
(2)“随着”，强调两个动作同时发生，引导时间状语从句。
(3)“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句。
(4)“与……一样”，用于as...as或not so/as...as中，引导比较状语从句。
(5)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
[金句推送] 　(2019·江苏卷) Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench，hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.
史蒂夫走到钢琴旁，坐在长凳上，双手颤抖着，手指轻轻地放在琴键上。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①If you do as I say，your dream will come true soon.
②Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
③(2019·江苏卷)Well，maybe things are not as bad as they seem to be.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.
(高级表达)With_the_average_age_of_the_population_increasing，there are more and more old people to care for.(用with复合结构)
[名师点津]　当as引导让步状语从句时，从句常用“名词/形容词/副词/分词/动词＋as＋主语＋系动词/助动词”的倒装结构。注意：表语是名词时，名词前无冠词。
12．(教材P58) Walking and riding your bike count，and so_do_school_sports.步行和骑自行车就算，校内体育活动也算。
[句型公式]　句中的so do school sports是“so开头的倒装句”，意为“某物或某人也……”。
(1)“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示上文所述的肯定情况也适用于另一个人或物，意为“……也一样”。
(2)“so＋主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词”表示同意上文所述内容，意为“确实如此，的确如此”。
(3)“neither/nor＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示上文的否定情况也适用于后者，意为“……也不……”。
(4)如果表示前面两件事或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时，则需要So it is/was with...或It is/was the same with...。
[金句推送]　(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) As the number of
tourists has grown，so has the amount of traffic on the roads.
随着游客数量的增加，道路上的交通量也增加了。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①When we begin conversations with new people，we want to feel comfortable，and so do they.
②Henry is very clever but he doesn't work hard at his lessons.So it is with his little brother/It is the same with his little brother.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达) His parents were not satisfied with the results of the exam.His teacher was not satisfied either.
(高级表达) His parents were not satisfied with the results of the exam，and neither/nor_was_his_teacher.(neither/nor)

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．If waste is dealt with properly (proper)，it will not do harm to us.
2．To my anger，my teacher kept me standing (stand) all the morning.
3．Experiencing personal suffering(suffer) is a necessary part of our growth.
4．David Dominoni requested the clerk to_figure(figure) out his income tax.
5．This year the company has concentrated on improving (improve) its efficiency.
6．Watermelon is effective (effect) in reducing both your body temperature and blood pressure.
7．Her opinion counts(count)because of her experience.
8．He felt ashamed of cheating(cheat) in the exam，determined never to do such things again.
9．Shala often looks through the websites containing (contain) information about the change of the share rate.
10．We didn't plan our art exhibition，but it worked(work) out well.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Being ill，my grandmother counted on us to care for her.
2．Many people prefer living in the country to living in the city.
3．The questions the police ask witnesses also have an effect on them.
4．They are road accident victims suffering from shock.
5．If you don't understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．If we stay at home，it is comfortable (comfort) and there is no need to spend money.
2．Damaged (damage) houses have been repaired and everything will be on the right track.
3．He was always talking in class，which made his teacher very angry.
4．The experts feel that these gases will cause untold damage to the environment.
5．The project absorbed vast amounts (amount) of capital that could have been used for investment.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①现在人们越来越注意保持健康。
Nowadays，people are paying more attention to keeping_fit.
②从长远角度看培养健康的饮食习惯尤为重要。
It's very important to_develop_healthy_eating_habits_in_the_long_term.
③体育运动和健康的饮食习惯一样重要。
Sports are as_important_as healthy eating habits.
④同时，新鲜空气和良好的心态也有助于健康。
At the same time，fresh air and a good state of mind contribute_to_good_health as well.
⑤当你重视自己的健康时，你就会意识到健康的重要性。
When you attach_importance_to your health you will be_aware_of_the_ importance of good health.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用what引导主语从句升级1中的句①
Nowadays，what_people_are_paying_more_attention_to_is_to_keep_fit.
(2)利用连词and合并1中的句③④
Sports_are_as_important_as_healthy_eating_habits_and_at_the_same_time，fresh _air_and_a_good_state_of_mind_contribute_to_good_health_as_well.
(3)利用only修饰时间状语从句升级1中的句⑤
Only_when_you_attach_importance_to_your_health_will_you_be_aware_of_the_importance_of_good_health.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：first of all，as a matter of fact，in conclusion)
Nowadays，what people are paying more attention to is to keep fit.First of all，it's very important to develop healthy eating habits in the long term.As a matter of fact，sports are as important as healthy eating habits and at the same time，fresh air and a good state of mind contribute to good health as well.In conclusion，only when you attach importance to your health will you be aware of the importance of good health.


三言
两语
1.With space technology developing so rapidly，we are sure to pay a visit to the moon some day.
2．Only by reading widely can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons.
3．My hobby offers me an opportunity to do something interesting and creative.Meanwhile，it provides me with a source of pleasure.
1.我深信，我人生的10%是我身上发生了什么，而另外90%是我对此如何反应。
I'm convinced that 10% of my life is what_happens_to_me and 90% is how_I_react_to_it.
2．这次经历也让我懂得：只要我永不放弃并努力尝试，我就会成功。
This experience has also taught me that as_long_as_I_never_give_up_and_keep_trying，I will succeed.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．occur vi.发生
2．assume vt.假定；认为
3．link vt.& n．联系，关联
4．attack vt.& vi.& n．攻击；进攻
5．detective n．侦探
6．case n．案件；具体情况，实例
7．award n．奖，奖品，奖金 vt.授予，奖励
8．witness n．目击者，证人 vt.目击，见证
9．base n．基地，大本营；底部；基础 vt.以……为基础
10．aboard adv.& prep.在(轮船、飞机、火车等)上；上(轮船、飞机、火车等)
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·天津卷) Most food webs，for instance，consist of many weak links (link) rather than a few strong ones.
2．(2019·北京卷) A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of it is_based (base) on trust and existing relationships.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)He was unconscious and as I looked at his face，something occurred(occur) to me.
4．(2017·浙江卷)Italy，which has a much weaker tradition of immigration，has_witnessed (witness) a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.
5．(2017·北京卷)Already this year,115 measles(麻疹) cases (case) have been reported in the USA，compared with 189 for all of last year.
6．Like her mother，Irene was_awarded(award) a Nobel Prize，along with her husband，in 1935.
7．He doesn't seek advice，since he assumes(assume) nothing can be done.
拓展单词
1．exist vi.存在→existence n．存在
2．organize vt.组织，筹备；安排，处理→organization n．组织；机构→organizer n．组织者
3．survive vi.& vt.生存；挺过(难关)→survival n．幸存，生存→survivor n．幸存者
4．construct vt.建筑→constructor n．建造者→construction n．施工；建筑物
5．puzzle vt.使困惑，使难解 n．谜，令人费解的事→puzzled adj.困惑的，茫然的→puzzling adj.令人困惑不解的
6．convince vt.使确信，使相信→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.确信的，感到信服的
7．amaze vt.使惊异/惊奇→amazing adj.令人惊奇(惊叹)的→amazed adj.吃惊的，感到惊奇的→amazement n．惊异，惊奇
8．possible adj.可能的→possibly adv.可能地→possibility n．可能性
9．strong adj.强壮的，有力的→strength n．力量，力气→strengthen vt.加强，巩固
10．agree v．同意→agreement n．同意→disagree vi.不同意→disagreement n．意见不一；分歧
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It's a convincing speech and I'm convinced that many people will benefit from it.(convince)
2．Luckily，I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident.(survive)
3．The puzzled look on her face shows that she is puzzled about the puzzling question.(puzzle)
4．Many early history scholars tried to study the pyramids and tell how the construction was constructed.(construct)
5．We wonder if there is any possibility of the statistics to be analyzed as soon as possible.(possible)
6．We were amazed by the amazing news that an eight­year­old child went to college.(amaze)
7．If God doesn't exist，why did the concept of his existence become almost universal? (exist)
8．To make yourself strong or increase your strength，you should get more exercise to strengthen your muscles.(strong)
9．A few people agreed to the plan of a lab building，while most people disagreed；as a result，no agreement was made finally.(agree)
10．Smith doesn't want to be involved in the organization of the conference，although his wife wishes him to be the organizer.(organize)
阅读单词
1．evidence n．证据
2．incident n．发生的事情(尤指不寻常的或讨厌的)
3．creature n．动物；(具有某种特征的)人
4．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热烈的；满腔热忱的
5．astronomer n．天文学家
6．appropriate adj.适当的
7．ancestor n．祖先，祖宗
8．discount n．折扣
9．reserve n．(动植物)保护区；储备_
vt.预订；保留；储备

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)When a student attacks a professor on the social media，the language used actually says more about the student.vt.抨击；批评
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)First，you need to evaluate yourself，your values，your strengths，your weaknesses，your achievements，your desires，etc.n.优势；长处

[短语　多维应用]




高
频
短
语
1.show_up 出现，现身
2．step_up 加紧，加强，促进
3．make_one's_way_to 前往，到……去
4.run_into 偶遇，无意中碰见
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
The other day our class made our way ①to a nearby park for relaxation.Entering the park，I ran ②into an old neighbour.He said he made an appointment with his friends to meet there，but they didn't show ③up.

5.pick_up 拾起；(偶然)学会；接收；用车接
6．so_far迄今为止
7．in_return 作为回报，作为报答
8．be_based_on 以……为基础
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
It's reported that the eight­year­old boy has picked ④up five languages ⑤so far.He said his study was based ⑥on practice.We should make full use of every minute to practice and apply our language.Then we can master it in the shortest time ⑦in return.

9.due_to 由于，因为
10．take_charge_of 负责，掌管
11．make_up 编造，杜撰；构成
12．look_into 调查
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Last week，due ⑧to the heavy rain，Li Lei's car knocked into a tree.When the police who took charge ⑨of the case looked ⑩into what happened then，Li Lei made ⑪up a story that there was a flash of light around his car when the accident occurred.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.“表语＋be＋主语”的完全倒装结构
Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.
出席会议的是有着丰富教学经验的老师。
Present_at_the_meeting_are_teachers with a lot of teaching experience.
2.状语从句的省略
When asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson...
(2019·浙江卷)过多的表扬可能适得其反，而且，如果以一种不真诚的方式对孩子们给予表扬，会让他们害怕尝试新事物或不敢冒险……
Too much praise can backfire and，when/while_given_in_a_way that's insincere，make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk...
3.Sb./Sth.be said to do sth.“据说……”
The Yeti is said to be a large，hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·满分作文)据说一些世界著名的队员将被邀请来讲课。
Some famous players from the world are_said_to_be_invited to give lessons.

1．puzzled adj.困惑的，茫然的
(1)puzzle n. 谜，令人费解的事 vt.使迷惑，使困惑
be a puzzle to...对……是个谜或难题
be in a puzzle about/over 对……迷惑不解
puzzle about/over sth.苦苦思索某事
(2)be puzzled about/over 对……感到困惑

begin to get a bit puzzled 开始变得有点困惑
be puzzled how to do it不知如何做此事
be puzzled over the problem for hours长时间苦思这个问题
be in a puzzle as to what to do next不知道下一步该做什么

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①What puzzles you is actually a puzzle to many parents in China.
②These scientists have been puzzling about/over how to solve the environmental problem.
[能力提升]——一句多译
消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。
①The firemen were_puzzled_about the cause of the fire.(puzzled)
②The firemen were_in_a_puzzle_about the cause of the fire.(puzzle n．)
③What_puzzled_the_firemen was the cause of the fire.(puzzle v．)
[名师点津]　过去分词形式的形容词，如puzzled，confused，frightened，excited，surprised等，除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look，voice，smile，expression，face等。
2．witness n．目击者，证人 vt.目击，见证
(1)witness sth.目击/亲眼看到/见证某事
witness to (doing) sth.作证证明(做)某事
(2)be a witness to sth.是某事的目击者
bear/give witness to 为……作证

a material witness in the case本案的重要目击证人
bear witness to his innocence 为他的清白作证
witness to her trustworthiness证明她是可以信赖的

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She witnessed to having seen the man near the scene of the crime.
②His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.
[能力提升]——一句多译
警方希望任何目击这起事故的人都能给他们打电话。
①The police would like anyone who_witnessed_the_accident to call them. (witness v．)
②The police would like anyone who_was_a_witness_to_the_accident to call them.(witness n．)
③The police would like anyone witnessing_the_accident to call them.(用现在分词作定语)
[名师点津]　see，witness，find等一些动词，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时“经历、发生、目睹”了某事 。这是一种拟人修辞法。
3．assume vt.假定；认为
(1)assume that...设想/认为……
assume sb./sth.to be...认为某人/某物是……
it's assumed that...人们普遍认为……
(2)assuming that...假设/假定……
(3)assumption n. 假定，设想
on the assumption that...假定……

assume this to be true 假定这是真的
assume that this situation will continue认为这种情况将持续下去
assume an expression of regret装出后悔的样子

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It is_assumed(assume) that stress is caused by too much work.
②(2019·江苏卷)A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption(assume) that they might make a nice blow­up for one of the visitors' centers.
[能力提升]——句式升级
①(普通表达)If you are interested in it，please send an e­mail to 123456@ sina.com.
(高级表达)Assuming_(that)_you_are_interested_in_it，please send an e­mail to 123456@sina.com.
②(普通表达) We assume that he is an honest boy.
(高级表达)We assume him_to_be an honest boy.
[名师点津]　有些词看上去是现在分词或过去分词，其实用作介词或连词。常见的有：supposing conj.假设；如果；provided/providing conj.假设；如果；given prep.鉴于；考虑到；considering prep.& conj.鉴于；考虑到；concerning prep.关于。
4．occur vi.发生
(1)sth.occur(s) to sb.某人突然想起某事
it occurs to sb.that...某人突然想起……
it occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想到要做某事
(2)occurrence n．发生；事件；出现

if anything should occur如果发生什么事情的话
occur at about 3：30 p．m.发生在下午3点30分左右
be of frequent/rare occurrence是常/少有的

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.
②It never occurred to her to_ask(ask) for help when she was in trouble.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)When I got home，I suddenly remembered that I had left my book in the classroom.
①(高级表达)When I got home，it_occurred_to_me_that I had left my book in the classroom.(occur)
②(高级表达)When I got home，it_struck/hit_me_that I had left my book in the classroom.(strike/hit)
[名师点津]　表示“某人想起……”的短语还有：①sth.strike/hit sb.②sb.hit/strike on sth.③sth.come to sb.④sth.come into one's mind等。
5．base n．基地，大本营；底部；基础 vt.以……为基础
(1)base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon...以……为基础；依据……
(2)basis n．基础；基准，准则
(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的

have a broad base of support得到广泛支持
set up a new base in the north在北方设立新的基地
be based on solid facts基于确凿的事实

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷)Stars apparently do not follow this basic(base) principle of sportsmanship.
②Basing(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)The restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right.
(高级表达)Based_on_trust，the restaurant is working all right.(用过去分词作状语)
6．award n．奖，奖品，奖金 vt.授予，奖励
(1)award sth.to sb.＝award sb.sth.把某物颁发给/判给某人
award sb.sth.for...因……而奖励某人某物
(2)win/receive/get an award for...因……而赢得/得到/获得奖项

give an award of $900 to each of the winners给予每位获胜者900美元奖励
award John the first prize授予约翰一等奖
receive an award for his lifetime of work as a director 获得导演终生成就奖

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The Nobel Prize is awarded to those who make great contributions in many fields every year.
②She won an award for her outstanding performance.
③She was_awarded(award) a gold medal for her outstanding service to the public.
[能力提升]——一句多译
主席给她颁发了金牌。
①The chairman awarded_her_the_gold_medal.
②The chairman awarded_the_gold_medal_to her.
[名师点津]　要表示多少奖金，通常用“an award of＋钱数”。
7．convince vt.使确信，使相信
(1)convince sb.that...使某人相信……
convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事
convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事
(2)be convinced of...确信……；相信……
be convinced that...确信……；相信……
it is convinced that...人们相信……

convince sb.by sound arguments以理服人
convince him that he is nothing 使他相信自己并非什么大人物
convince the students of the need for wider reading 让学生们认识到广泛阅读的必要性
be convinced of her innocence确信她是无辜的

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I wanted to know what convinced you to_vote(vote) for him?
②But we failed to convince him of his mistake.
[能力提升]——句式升级
①(普通表达) He is convinced of the truth of the report.
(高级表达)He is convinced that the_report_is_true.
②(普通表达)He was convinced of its truth，and he felt pleased.
(高级表达)Convinced_of_its_truth，he felt pleased.(用过去分词作状语)
8．survive vi.& vt.生存，挺过(难关)
survive sth.幸免于，在……中幸存下来
survive on 靠……生存下来
survive from 从……留存下来；流传下来
A survive B (by...) A比B活得长(几年)

survive through two world wars经历了两次世界大战而幸存
survive on roots and berries 靠吃树根和浆果维持生命
poor people struggling to survive 为生存而挣扎着的穷人

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
②I don't know how you all manage to survive on Jeremy's salary.
[能力提升]——完成句子
据说这位女士比她的丈夫多活了10年。
It's said that the woman survived_her_husband_by 10 years.
9．show up 出现，现身
(1)show off 炫耀，卖弄
show sb.in/out 领某人进来/出去
show sb.around/round 领某人参观
(2)be on show 在展览，陈列

show up his weak points in physics显现出他在物理方面的弱点
show his parents up rather badly 给他父母丢尽了脸
show off his abilities 卖弄他的才能

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Mike has only driven to the pub to show off his new car—he usually walks.
②Mr.Green is on his way here.Please show him in as soon as he arrives.
[能力提升]——完成句子
我们商量好在体育馆见面，但Larry没有来。
We had agreed to meet at the gym，but Larry didn't_show_up.
10．make up 编造，杜撰；构成
make up for (用其他方式)弥补；补偿
be made up of(＝consist of＝be composed of) 由……组成/构成
make out 辨认出；理解，明白；开(写)支票
make way for 为……让路
make it 成功；约定时间

make up stories to amuse his little brother 编故事逗他的小弟弟
make up what you lack in your diet 补充你食物中所缺乏的营养
make up to you for what you've suffered 补偿你所遭受的损害
make out what he is saying 理解他在说什么

[基础练习]——写出下列句中make up的含义
①He made up an excuse to explain why he was late.编造
②As far as I know，boys make up 40% of your class.组成；占据
③Now many girls like making up when they are still quite young.化妆
④After they quarreled many times，it's hard for them to make up.和好
⑤Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow？补上
[能力提升]——完成句子
五个人组成了这个团队。换句话说，这个团队是由五个人组成的。
Five people make_up the team; in other words，the team is_made_up_of/consists _of/is_composed_of five people.
11．look into调查
look to 照管；留心；指望
look on 旁观；观看
look out 留神；朝外看
look after 照顾；照看
look back (on) 回顾；追忆

Look into the box朝箱子里面看
look into the matter till the truth is out 调查那件事直至真相大白
look into how to reduce unemployment 研究如何降低失业率
look to you to support me in this matter 在这件事上我要靠你支持

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She has always looked to her parents for advice.
②When I look back on my childhood I wonder how I managed to survive at all.
[能力提升]——完成句子
你的诉讼正在调查之中。如果有事需要通知，我们会给你写信的。
Your complaint is_being_looked_into.When we have anything to report，we will write to you.
12．(教材P2) Standing_inside_were_lots_of_strange_creatures with white skin and large black eyes.里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。
[句型公式]　该句为完全倒装句，其结构为“现在分词＋地点状语＋be＋主语”。正常语序是：Lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes were standing inside.。
(1)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为“分词/副词/形容词/介词短语＋be＋主语”。
(2)表示处所、方位等的副词或介词，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，out，off等放在句首，且主语是名词，谓语通常是be，lie，sit，stand，come，go，exist，live等不及物动词时，句子用完全倒装。
[金句推送]　(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·写作佳句)Present at the movie watching were the school headmaster，teachers，students and some of the students' parents.
观看电影的有校长、老师、学生和一些学生的家长。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Buried(bury) in the earth was a jar with lots of ancient coins in it.
②Once upon a time there lived(live) a doctor known by the name of Hua Tuo.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)At noon they got to a hill，and a temple，dating back to hundreds of years ago，stood on its top.
(高级表达)At noon they got to a hill，on_top_of_which_stood_a_temple，dating back to hundreds of years ago.(用定语从句且倒装)
13．(教材P3) When_asked_about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson...当被问及贾斯廷被外星人带走的可能性时，侦探萨姆·彼得森……
[句型公式]　句中When asked about...为时间状语从句When he was asked about...的省略形式。其构成形式为“连词＋名词、形容词、过去分词、现在分词、不定式等 ”。
(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有动词be时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。
(2)当从句中含有it＋be时，可将it和be省略。
(3)掌握下列短语：if any如果有的话；if so如果是这样的话；if ever如果曾经有的话；if not如果不这样的话。
[金句推送]　(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
在设定目标时，你必须牢记这些要点。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Though surprised(surprise) to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome.
②I struggle for words when asking(ask) a sudden question.
③It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine.If so，we'd better take it to the garage immediately.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)You should stay where you are，unless you are asked to leave.
(高级表达)You should stay where you are，unless asked_to_leave.(省略形式)
14．(教材P18) The_Yeti_is_said_to_be_a_large，hairy_animal that walks on two feet like a human being.据说，野人体格高大多毛，像人类一样用两只脚行走。
[句型公式]　本句中用了“主语＋be said to do sth.”句型。该句型可与“It is said that＋主语．..”结构互换，意为“据说……，人们说……”。
(1)be said to do sth.“据说……”，可与It is said that.../People say that...进行句型转换。
(2)有上述用法的动词有：believe，expect，report，consider，know，suppose，judge，agree，prove等，其中不定式根据句子意思可有一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)或完成式(to have done)三种形式。
[金句推送]　(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·满分作文)Arriving at your friend's home early is believed to be polite in China.
在中国，早到朋友的家被认为是有礼貌的。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He is said to_be_studying(study) abroad，but I don't know which country he is studying in.
②Mo Yan's novels are reported to_have_been_translated (translate) into many different languages so far.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)People say that Jack Ma possesses a fortune of more than 30 billion dollars.
①(高级表达)It_is_said_that Jack Ma possesses a fortune of more than 30 billion dollars.
②(高级表达)Jack Ma is_said_to_possess a fortune of more than 30 billion dollars.

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．When I asked what she thought of the poem，she said it was indeed puzzling (puzzle)．
2．The old scientist was_awarded(award) for his contributions to his country last week.
3．Suddenly a good idea occurred(occur) to her，but she didn't know how to speak it out.
4．Seated(seat) on the ground was a girl playing the guitar.
5．This allows them to respond more appropriately (appropriate) to the user.
6．Many a new house is_reported(report) to have been built in the disaster area.
7．Luckily she was not badly injured (injure) and we sent her to the nearest hospital.
8．A working party has been set up to_look(look)into the problem.
9．Marriages based (base) on money rather than love are bound to end in divorce sooner or later.
10．There was a car crash yesterday，and of the six people injured，only two survived(survive)．
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．It was assumed that all humankind could do was adapt to the rapidly changing conditions.
2．Let me，as a witness，tell them what happened so that they will not be wrongly informed.
3．I plan to organize an outing this weekend and I would be very pleased if you can show up on time.
4．You need to convince the interviewers of your ability to do the job well.
5．People who survived from earthquake will remember their terrible experiences forever.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．Some strange ideas existed in his mind.
2．The gap year is flexible in length (long)．
3．I attended a small club belonging (belong) to the local community.
4．Police are investigating the disappearance(disappear)of a young woman.
5．The exercises are designed to_strengthen (strengthen) your stomach muscles.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①世界上存在着很多令人困惑的和令人惊奇的现象。
Many puzzling_and_amazing phenomena exist_in_the_world.
②这些现象无法用现在的科学来解释。
These phenomena cannot_be_explained by today's science.
③最近几年，有些人说他们目睹了类似UFO的东西。
In recent years，some people say that they have_witnessed something similar to UFO.
④人们相信有外太空生物存在的可能性。
People are_convinced that there_is_possibility_of_the_existence of outer space creatures.
⑤这需要科学家们进一步地仔细观察这些现象并做出调查。
It needs scientists to_observe_these_phenomena carefully and look_into_them.
2．升级平淡句
(1)先利用完全倒装句升级1中的句①，再利用限制性定语从句合并1中的句①②
There_exist_many_puzzling_and_amazing_phenomena_in_the_world_which/that_cannot_be_explained_by_today's_science.
(2)先利用be said to do...升级1中的句③，再利用连词so合并1中的句③④
In_recent_years，some_people_are_said_to_have_witnessed_something_similar_ to_UFO，so_people_are_convinced_that_there_is_possibility_of_the_existence_of_ outer_space_creatures.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however)
There exist many puzzling and amazing phenomena in the world which/that cannot be explained by today's science.In recent years，some people are said to have witnessed something similar to UFO，so people are convinced that there is possibility of the existence of outer space creatures.However，it needs scientists to observe these phenomena carefully and look into them.


三言
两语
1.Our school will make an organized trip to the local mountains，encouraging the students to get close to nature.
2．People prefer to choose high­speed trains because they move very fast，thus shortening the travel time.
3．As is known to us all，Mount Hua is famous for its breathtaking cliffs and its unique characteristics.
1.此外，请推荐一个合理的观光路线以便我们能节省大量时间。
In addition，please recommend a reasonable tour route so_that_we_can_save_a_lot_of_time.
2．如果你能流利地说英语并且有出国的经历我将感激不尽，这将使我们的旅行更容易些。
I'd_appreciate_it_if you could speak English fluently and have the experience of travelling abroad，which_will_make_our_trip_easier.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．supply n．& vt.提供，供给，补给
2．schedule n．& vt.计划
3．view vt.观看；看待 n．景色；观点
4．spot n．地点，场所
5．bury vt.埋葬；埋藏
6．desert n．沙漠 vt.抛弃，舍弃
7．protection n．保护
8．wander vi.& vt.漫游，游荡；徘徊；漂泊
9．publish vt.出版；发表
10．shade n．阴凉处；背阴；树阴
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·江苏卷) The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled (schedule) a concert.
2．(2019·江苏卷) They help to discourage the sea birds from wandering(wander) onto the highway.
3．(2019·北京卷) Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots (spot)，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)China's approach to protecting(protect) its environment while feeding its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide”．
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors also made a study published(publish) in 2014 that showed a mere five to ten minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease.
6．Finally，they chose some places in the park that were the best for viewing (view) that event.
拓展单词
1．reflect vt.反射(声、光、热等)；反映→reflection n．反映，反射
2．officer n．官员→official adj.官方的，正式的→officially adv.官方地，正式地
3．advance n．前进；预先 vi.前进；进步→advanced adj.先进的，高级的
4．explore vt.& vi.探索；勘探→exploration n．探险→explorer n．探险家
5．arrange vt.& vi.安排→arranger n．乐曲改编者；安排者→arrangement n．安排，布置
6．adventure n．冒险；冒险经历→adventurer n．冒险家→adventurous adj.冒险的，刺激不断的
7．scare vt.使恐惧，惊吓→scaring/scary adj.使人惊恐的，吓人的，可怕的→scared adj.惊慌的，吓坏的
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It's arranged that the meeting will be held on July 5th，so we must make an arrangement for everything before July 4th.(arrange)
2．He was something of an adventurer，living most of his life abroad and experiencing many adventurous things.(adventure)
3．It was a scary story and we were really scared when we heard it.(scare)
4．Only if you get official permission can the new clinic be officially opened.(official)
5．I carried the small lantern and walked around the river.The light was reflected in the river.The reflection looked so beautiful.(reflect)
6．With the help of the advanced technology，we are sure to complete the task in advance.(advance)
7．Many explorers came here to explore the mountain.Without doubt，it's worth the exploration.(explore)
阅读单词
1．helmet n．头盔
2．atmosphere n．空气；大气层
3．afterwards adv.后来，然后
4．flight n．航班；空中航行
5．cattle n．(pl.) 牛
6．harmony n．和谐，协调，融洽
7．brilliant adj.明亮的；鲜艳的
8．destination n．目的地
9．extraordinary adj.不同寻常的

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week，” he said.v.沉思，深思
2．(2017·天津卷) During these waits，the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks.v.走神；心不在焉

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.in_the_dark 在黑暗中
2．make_sure 确保，务必
3．tower_over 高耸，屹立
4．be_home_to 是……的家园/栖息地
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
There are millions of caves that can often be found in ①the dark among trees and bushes on the side of a mountain or a hill.Caves are home ②to some of the strangest creatures on earth.When you explore caves，make ③sure you are safe.

5.in_case 万一
6．in_advance 提前，预先
7．up_close 靠近地
8．in_total 总计，总共
9．in_harmony_with 与……协调一致
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Recently we have been busy arranging for our holiday.My wife has bought round­trip tickets ④in advance.We plan to wander on the beach，where we can view the beauty of the sea ⑤up close.We'll wear life jackets ⑥in case we fall into the sea.Especially，we'll visit Nanshan Temple and taste the local food there.

10.be_tired_of对…… 厌烦
11．at_a_loss 不知所措
12．lose_one's_way 迷路
13．be_busy_(in)_doing_sth.忙于做某事
14．in_silence 沉默地，静静地
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Last summer I went on a trip to Hong Kong with my cousin.We lost ⑦our way during our stay there.I was at ⑧a loss for what to do next.I knew that I must follow her advice even though what she did was wrong.That feeling was really painful.I have been tired ⑨of travelling since then.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.wish＋(that)宾语从句
Wish you were here
我要是个子高一些就好了。
I wish I was/were_taller.
2.whatever引导名词性从句
We'll live with the local people in their villages，and eat and drink whatever they do，including cow's blood！
(2019·江苏卷) 一般认为给孩子想要的任何东西是不明智的。
It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever_he_or_she_wants.
3.be about to do...when...正要做……这时……
Colin was about to get off the camel when a child ran towards him.
(2016·浙江卷·写作佳句) 她正要动身，这时一个熟悉的身影突然进入她的视线。
She was_about_to_set_off_when a familiar shadow suddenly came into her sight.

1．arrange vt.& vi.安排
(1)arrange sth.for sb.为某人安排好某事
arrange to do sth.安排/准备做某事
arrange for sth./sb.to do sth.安排某物/某人做某事
arrange with sb.about (doing) sth.与某人商定(做)某事
(2)make arrangements for 为……做安排

arrange for this work to be carried out 安排进行这项工作
arrange the chairs in neat rows 把椅子整齐地排列成行
arrange to meet her at ten o'clock 约定在十点钟会见她
arrange with him about the tickets 就票的问题与他商量

[基础练习]——语段语法填空
Now everything for the conference to be held tomorrow has_been_arranged (range)．I have arranged for John to pick up the experts at the airport.Then I'm to arrange to_meet (meet) Mr.Smith.In a word，all the arrangements(arrange) we made were completed.
[能力提升]——一句多译
杰克将安排出租车10点在车站接我们。
①Jack will arrange_for_a_taxi_to_pick_us_up at 10 o'clock at the bus station.(arrange)
②Jack will make_arrangements_for_a_taxi_to_pick_us_up at 10 o'clock at the bus station.(arrangement)
[名师点津]　“安排某人做某事” 不能用arrange sb.to do sth.，而应用arrange for sb.to do sth.结构。
2．advance n．前进；预先 vi.前进；进步
(1)advance on/towards 朝……前进
(2)in advance(＝ahead of time) 预先，提前
in advance of 在……之前
make an advance/advances in 在……取得进展

be far in advance of his class在他班上遥遥领先
rapid advances in science and technology 科技的迅猛发展
advance on/towards the town朝市区前进
further advance the friendly relations between the two countries进一步增进两国的友好关系

[基础练习]——写出下列句中advance的词性和含义
①The reason was that we received no advance warning of the storm.adj.预先的
②We saw several natives advancing towards our party，and one of them came up to us，to whom we gave some bells and glasses.vi.前进
③This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.vt.促进
④Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears.vt.提出
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)I'd appreciate it if you could let me know ahead of time whether or not you will come.
(高级表达)I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in_advance whether or not you will come.(advance)
[名师点津]　advance本身已有“向前”的意思，因此不必再用forward。类似的还有：repeat不与again连用；return(回来)不与back连用；enter(进入)不与into连用。
3．supply n．& vt.提供，供给，补给
(1)supply sth.to sb.(＝supply sb.with sth.) 给某人提供某物
(2)be in short supply供应短缺
a large supply of/large supplies of 大量……的供应

supply and demand供求
supply us with milk 给我们提供牛奶
have a large supply of food 有大量的食物供应
be in short supply all over the country全国普遍供应不足

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I'd like to know the reason why the milk is in short supply in this area now.
②Mum and dad，of course，provide a regular supply of pocket money.
[能力提升]——一句多译
这位热心人给了我们一些吃的并主动帮助我们联系了警察。
①The warm­hearted man supplied_us_with_some_food(＝supplied_some_food_ to_us) and offered to help us contact the police.(supply)
②The warm­hearted man provided_us_with_some_food(＝provided_some_ food_for_us) and offered to help us contact the police.(provide)
[联想发散]　表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：
①provide sb.with sth.＝provide sth.for sb.
②offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb.
4．scare vt.使恐惧，惊吓
(1)scare...away/off 把……吓跑
scare...into/out of doing sth.威胁或吓唬……做/不做某事
(2)be scared to do sth.害怕做某事
be scared of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事
be scared to death 吓得要死

scare the thief away/off把贼吓跑
give me quite a scare 吓我一跳
be scared to do that 怕做那件事
scare us into letting out the secret 威胁我们说出秘密

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I'm sorry，but you can't scare me into telling you anything.
②We were all scared (scare) to death when we found the ground was shaking.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)The little girl is afraid to sleep in the bedroom alone.
①(高级表达)The little girl is_scared_of sleeping in the bedroom alone.
②(高级表达)The little girl is_scared_to sleep in the bedroom alone.
5．schedule n．& vt.计划
(1)as scheduled＝as planned 按照计划
be scheduled for预定；安排
be scheduled to do sth.按预定或时间安排做某事
(2)on schedule＝on time 按时，准时，按预定计划
ahead of schedule＝ahead of time 提前

a train schedule火车行车时刻表
be scheduled for a speech tomorrow 定于明日发表演说
be originally scheduled to take place on March 12th 原定于3月12日举行
be completed three months ahead of schedule 提前三个月完工

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)The trip is_scheduled (schedule) to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan，Prague，Paris，Bangkok and New Delhi before ending in Toronto on January 8.
②I have accomplished the task on schedule.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)According to our plan，we have English Talent Show today.
①(高级表达)As_scheduled，we have English Talent Show today.(schedule)
②(高级表达) As_planned，we have English Talent Show today.(plan)
6．view vt.观看；看待 n．景色；观点
(1)from...point of view 从……观点来看
in one's view/opinion 依某人看，在某人看来
in view of 考虑到，鉴于
be in view(＝be in sight) 在视野中
(2)view...as...(＝consider...as...) 把……看作……

exchange views freely 自由地交换看法
have a full and frank exchange of views 全面而又坦率地交换看法
be viewed as models 被看作模范
in view of what he had just been said鉴于他刚才所说的话

[基础练习]——写出下列句中view的含义
①When the old man opened the window，a stranger with a high hat came into view.视野
②I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.观看
③But more than that，I now regularly compare my views with those of many others.观点；看法
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)In my opinion，new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style.
(高级表达)In_my_view/From_my_point_of_view，new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style.(view)
7．bury vt.埋葬；埋藏
(1)bury sth.in ...把……埋在……
be buried in(＝bury oneself in) 埋头于，专心于
be buried in thought 沉思
bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面
(2)burial n．埋葬

be buried in the book 埋头读书
bury one's head in the sand 逃避现实；不愿正视困难；实行鸵鸟政策
bury the box in the back garden 把盒子埋在后花园里
with his hands buried in the pockets of his overcoat他双手放在大衣口袋里

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
②Once he buried himself(he) in something，he would close his ears to anything.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)Because she buried herself in the film，she didn't know it was snowing outside.
①(高级表达)Burying_herself_in_the_film，she didn't know it was snowing outside.(用现在分词作状语)
②(高级表达)Buried_in_the_film，she didn't know it was snowing outside.(用过去分词作状语)
8．reflect vt.反射(声、光、热等)；反映
(1)reflect...in...在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in 倒映在；反映在
reflect on/upon sth.认真思考/反省某事
(2)on reflection 经再三考虑，仔细考虑

reflects light from the sun 反射太阳光
reflect the opinions of the children 反映儿童们的看法
reflect on what answer to give 仔细考虑怎么答复
be reflected in the water 倒映在水中

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I decided to sit back and relax，reflecting on the wonderful moments that I did have.
②She could see her face reflected(reflect) in the water.
[能力提升]——一句多译
你对服饰的选择反映了你的性格特点。
①Your choice of clothes reflects_your_personality.(reflect)
②Your choice of clothes is_a_reflection_of_your_personality.(reflection)
9．in case 万一
in case of...在……的情况下，万一……
in most cases 在大多数情况下
in no case 绝不(位于句首，句子用倒装)
in that case 既然那样；如果那样的话
as is often the case 情况通常如此

in case he comes如果他来的话
in case you should need it以防你用得着它
in case of difficulty如有困难

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①In case of any change，please inform me in advance.
②In case you cannot finish the task in time，be sure to let me know.
③As is often the case，something cheap doesn't necessarily mean it's of low quality.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)You should not believe what she said in any case.
(高级表达)In_no_case_should_you_believe what she said.
[名师点津]　in case可用作副词(常置于句末)，也可用作连词，引导目的状语从句。
It may rain; you'd better take an umbrella just in case.
可能下雨；你最好带把伞，以防万一。
10．make sure 确定；确信；查明；弄清楚
make sure of/about...弄清楚；查明
make sure that...确保、设法保证……
be sure of/about/that...(主语)有把握，确信……
be sure to do sth.(主语)一定会做某事

make sure of the place and time 把时间和地点弄清楚
be quite sure of success 很有成功的把握
be sure to bridge the generation gap肯定能弥合代沟

[金句推送]　(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
在设定目标时，你务必为克服这些困难做好安排。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You'd better make sure of/about the exact time of the arriving train.
②You are sure to_succeed (succeed) if you go on working hard.
[能力提升]——完成句子
你要确保完成工作后再离开。
Make sure (that)_the_work_has_been_finished before you leave.
[联想发散]　以上结构中的sure都可与certain互换。但在祈使句中要用sure不用certain。
11．(教材P21) Wish_you_were_here 如果你在这里就好了
[句型公式]　动词wish后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。
表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句中谓语动词用过去式；表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句中谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”；表示与将来事实相反的愿望，从句中谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形”。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I wish you would_go(go) with us tomorrow.
②I wish I were(be) as tall as you.
[能力提升]——完成句子
要是我预先把我父亲的情况告诉了你就好了。
I wish I_had_told_you_about my father beforehand.
12．(教材P23) We'll live with the local people in their villages，and eat and drink whatever_they_do，including cow's blood！我们要跟当地的居民一起住在他们的村落里，不管他们吃什么、喝什么，我们也一起吃、一起喝，包括牛血！
[句型公式]　句中whatever引导宾语从句，相当于anything that。
“疑问词＋­ever”可分为两类，“疑问代词＋­ever”：whatever/whichever/ whoever(宾格whomever)和“疑问副词＋­ever”：wherever/whenever/however，其意义都是“不管/无论＋该疑问词的本意”。
(1)“疑问代词＋­ever”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句)。
①引导让步状语从句。此时whatever/whoever/whichever分别等于“no matter what/who/which”。
②引导名词性从句。不能换成“no matter＋疑问词”的形式。
(2)“疑问副词＋­ever”：wherever/whenever/however一般只能引导让步状语从句，此时它们分别等于“no matter where/when/how”。
[金句推送]　(2019·浙江卷)But whatever it is，praise should be given on a case­by­case basis and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it.
但不管是什么，表扬都应该根据具体情况，并与孩子付出的努力相称。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2017·浙江卷·满分作文)Our history teacher will serve as our guide，who is expected to tell us whatever(what) we want to know.
②Whichever(which) road you take，it will lead you to the station.
[能力提升]——句式升级
①(普通表达)Anyone who sees the new school can't help feeling excited about the great achievement we've made.
(高级表达)Whoever_sees_the_new_school can't help feeling excited about the great achievement we've made.
②(普通表达)We'll do anything that we can to save the animals in danger.
(高级表达)We'll do whatever_we_can to save the animals in danger.
③(普通表达)When I'm unhappy，it is my friends who cheer me up.
(高级表达)Whenever/No_matter_when_I'm_unhappy，it is my friends who cheer me up.
13．(教材P30) Colin was_about_to_get_off the camel when a child ran towards him.科林正要从骆驼上下来，这时一个孩子向他跑来。
[句型公式]　句中“be about to do...when...”句型，意为“正要做……这时……”，when相当于and at this/that time。
含when的常用句型还有：
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……
be doing...when...正在做……这时……
had just done...when...刚做完……这时……
[金句推送]　(2016·全国卷Ⅰ) Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.
杰克正在实验室工作，这时突然停电了。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She was_walking(walk) along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help.
②I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang.
[能力提升]——一句多译
坐在教室里，我正要拿出书，这时我突然愣住了。
①Seated in the classroom，I was_about_to_take_my_books_out_when suddenly I became frozen.(about)
②Seated in the classroom，I was_on_the_point_of_taking_my_books_out_when suddenly I became frozen.(point)

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．They arranged for a soldier to_show (show) us around their military base.
2．I am not familiar with Jim，but his music reflects (reflect) his interest in African culture.
3．Buried(bury) in his study，he wasn't aware that all the others had left.
4．(2017·北京卷)Every year，whoever(who) makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
5．Sarah，hurry up.I'm afraid you can't have time to get changed(change) before the party.
6．A moment's reflection(reflect) will show you that that can't be true.
7．I was about to_watch(watch) a football match when my mother asked me to buy drinks.
8．One morning，Ann's neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering(wander) around the local elementary school.
9．Creative thinking is a conscious effort to break away from old patterns of thinking to_explore (explore) new possibilities.
10．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，re­routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled_(schedule)．
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．In our view，the children should be given more time to relax.
2．To catch the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
3．After the war broke out，food is in short supply all over the country.
4．The robber scared her into handing over her money and gold ring.
5．I had just turned on the computer when my parents came back.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．I like these photos and they can remind me of the life living in the countryside.
2．I promise I'll make an announcement(announce) when I find a new job.
3．Never at a loss for words，I tried to find things in my life that might qualify for growth.
4．The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.
5．The key witness to the accident was offered police protection (protect) after she received death threats.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①珍妮是一位著名的小说家，上周出版了一部新的小说。
Jenny is a famous novelist and she published_a_new_novel last week.
②它描绘了一次不同寻常的冒险经历。
It describes_an_extraordinary_adventure.
③主人公骑骆驼来到一个废弃的城堡。在城堡里他遇到了一位美人。
The hero rode a camel to a_deserted_castle.In this castle，he met_a_beauty.
④他们都喜欢亲近自然。很快就爱上了对方。
They both loved getting_close_to_nature.They fell_in_love_with each other soon.
⑤他们一起出发去探索一个神秘的沙漠。
They set off to explore_a_mysterious_desert together.
2．升级平淡句
(1)先利用主语同位语升级1中的句①，再利用which引导非限制性定语从句合并1中的句①②
Jenny，a_famous_novelist，published_a_new_novel_last_week，which_ describes_an_extraordinary_adventure.
(2)利用where引导非限制性定语从句升级1中的句③
The_hero_rode_a_camel_to_a_deserted_castle，where_he_met_a_beauty.
(3)利用because引导原因状语从句升级1中的句④
Because_they_both_loved_getting_close_to_nature，they_fell_in_love_with_ each_other_soon.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：one day，in the end)
Jenny，a famous novelist，published a new novel last week，which describes an extraordinary adventure.One day，the hero rode a camel to a deserted castle，where he met a beauty.Because they both loved getting close to nature，they fell in love with each other soon.In the end，they set off to explore a mysterious desert together.



三言
两语
1.His charming personality lies in a simple fact that he never hesitates to help others.
2．Although he has won countless honors，he never shows any signs of pride.
3．So poor was his family that he had to drop out at the age of 12.
1.不管事情有多枯燥，他都会全身心地去做所做之事，为我们树立一个好榜样。
By being devoted to what he does no_matter_how_boring_it_is，he sets a good example to us.
2．由于他能够坚持不懈地做他所选择做的事情，所以他在很多领域都取得了巨大成就。
Owing to the fact that_he_can_do_whatever_he_has_chosen_to_do with great perseverance，he has made great achievements in many fields.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．content n．内容
2．connection n．联系
3．disturb vt.打扰，扰乱
4．swallow vt.& vi.吞下，吞咽
5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸
6．native adj.本地的；本国的
7．quality n．品质；质量
8．preserve vt.保存，保护，保持
9．signal n．信号 vi.& vt.发信号；表明
10．desire n．愿望，欲望，渴望 vt.渴望，期望
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)However，I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing (disturb) reports of camps among tons of rubbish.
2．(2019·江苏卷) In addition，their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes，like throwing stones or signaling (signal)．
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) First，you need to evaluate yourself，your values，your strengths，your weaknesses，your achievements，your desires (desire)，etc.
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The key to successful small talk is learning how to_connect(connect) with others，not just communicate with them.
5．Please give it a careful checkup and make sure the package is well preserved (preserve) and the machine operates well.
拓展单词
1．curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的→curiosity n．好奇→curiously adv.好奇地
2．fortune n．大笔的钱，财富；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地
3．enter vt.& vi.进来；进入→entry n．进入；形式→entrance n．入口
4．apply vi.申请 vt.使用，应用→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请
5．courage n．勇气→discourage vt.使灰心；劝阻→encourage v．鼓励→encouragement n．鼓励
6．nation n．民族；国家→national adj.民族的；国家的→nationality n．国籍
7．inspire vt.启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞→inspired adj.受到启发的→inspiring adj.令人振奋的→inspiration n．灵感；激励
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The curious boy looked at the box curiously and then he opened it out of curiosity.(curious)
2．Fortunately，I won the award.It was without doubt a small fortune to me.(fortunate)
3．Listening to his inspiring speech，we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration.(inspire)
4．We can't enter the building because on the wall at the entrance to the building is a sign which says “No Entry”．(enter)
5．All the applicants can apply in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply)
6．The failure in the English contest discouraged my brother.What's worse，he felt discouraged in other subjects.In order to help him regain his courage and get relaxed，my parents and I all encouraged him to take a trip.(discourage)
7．Britain is a developed nation and its national flower is rose.Many people dream of having British nationality.(nation)
阅读单词
1．riddle n．谜
2．coincidence n．巧合，碰巧
3．data n．(pl.) 数据；资料
4．virus n．病毒
5．valley n．山谷，峡谷
6．optimistic adj.乐观的，抱乐观看法的
7．widespread adj.广泛的，普遍的
8．candidate n．候选人；申请人
9．status n．地位，身份

1．(2018·北京卷) To confirm that the worms' chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown，the researchers made some worms into paste (糊状物) and applied it to plastic films.vt.涂，抹，敷
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.n. 含量

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.look_up_to 敬佩
2．come_across (偶然)遇见；发现
3．be_in_control_(of_something) 掌管，控制(某物)
4．pay_off 成功；带来好结果；得到回报
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
A few months ago some students came ①across Yang Liwei，who is never discouraged from exploring space.He worked out every day in order not to gain weight.He believed hard work was bound to pay ②off.Nowadays，the young look up ③to him as an example of great determination.

5.result_in 导致，结果是……
6．be_fit_for 适合
7．search_for 搜寻
8．live_one's_dream 实现某人的梦想
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
To live ④his dream to go on an adventure to Tibet，he took exercise every day and searched ⑤for all the useful information online about Tibet.After half a year's preparation，he decided he was fit ⑥for the trip and got in touch with an explorers' club.

9.set_sail 启航
10．as_well_as 也，以及，和
11．in_connection_with 关于，与……有关
12．be_curious_about 对……感到好奇
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Looking at the gate of Quanjude，Jack was curious ⑦about its Chinese­style design.And as we walked in，he was even more surprised to find a photo wall.Seeing his confusion as well ⑧as interest，I introduced him to the long history ⑨in connection with Beijing Roast Duck.Jack was even more eager to have a try.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.by后接过去时间，与过去完成时连用
By the 1920s，he had become an explorer，searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.
(2019·浙江卷)到1963年中期，甲壳虫乐队在英国已经非常受欢迎。
By mid­1963，the Beatles had_been_extremely_popular in England.
2.only to do sth.表示意料之外的结果
He too visited the tomb，only to catch a high fever the next day.
上星期六，我和我的同伴去钓鱼，结果我的左脚扭伤了。
Last Saturday，I went fishing with my fellows，only_to_have_my_left_foot_injured.
3.条件状语从句的省略：if＋过去分词
If breathed in，they can result in illness or even death.
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·满分作文)如果对它感兴趣，你可以将你的申请发至邮箱ping­pong@123.com。
If_interested_in_it，you may email your application to ping­pong@123.com.

1．curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的
(1)be curious about...对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth.极想做某事
it's curious that...真奇怪……
(2)with curiosity(＝curiously) 好奇地
out of curiosity 出于好奇

curious neighbours爱管闲事的邻居
be curious to know more about him 想更多地了解他的情况
be curious about how she will react 对她会怎样反应感到好奇
ask the question out of curiosity问这个问题是出于好奇心

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①A student should always be curious to_learn(learn)．
②She seemed to be curious about what he was doing.
[能力提升]——句式升级
①(普通表达)He was curious about Australian cities，so he read the book written by Dr.Johnson.
(高级表达)Curious_about_Australian_cities，he read the book written by Dr. Johnson.(用形容词作状语)
②(普通表达)Sally did not answer，but looked at her curiously.
(高级表达)Sally did not answer，but looked at her with_curiosity.(curiosity)
2．fortune n．大笔的钱，财富；运气
(1)make a/one's fortune 发财
try one's fortune 碰运气
seek one's fortune 寻找致富及成功之路
(2)be fortunate to do sth.有幸做某事
have the fortune to do sth.有幸做某事
(3)misfortune n. 不幸

bring good fortune 带来好运
as good fortune would have it真是幸运
hope for a change in fortune期待时来运转
had the good fortune to have such a mother有这样一位母亲是极大的幸运

[基础练习]——语段语法填空
In the 1980s，Li Hua went to the south to seek his(he) fortune，but he made no fortune.Fortunately (fortunate)，he met with a boss who fed pigs.With his help，Li Hua made(make) his fortune later by feeding pigs.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他有幸和一些世界顶级运动员一起训练。
①He had_the_fortune_to_train with some of the world's top athletes.(fortune)
②He was_fortunate_to_train with some of the world's top athletes.(fortunate)
3．preserve vt.保存，保护，保持
(1)preserve...from...保护……免于……
be well/strictly preserved 被很好/严格地保存
(2)preservation n．维护；保护；保养
in good preservation 处于良好的保存状态

preserve the original character of the house 保留房屋原有的特色
preserve our natural resources 保护自然资源
take measures to preserve the environment from pollution 采取措施保护环境免受污染
some well­preserved historical relics 一些保存良好的历史遗迹

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①At that time it was difficult to have one's body well preserved_(preserve) after his or her death.
②As we all know，the police are responsible for the preservation(preserve) of law and order.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达) With the limited natural resources，we should take action to protect them from being wasted.
(高级表达) With the limited natural resources，we should take action to preserve_them_from_being_wasted.(preserve)
4．disturb vt.打扰，扰乱
(1)it disturbs sb.to do sth.做某事使某人不安
be disturbed about/by 为……感到不安/被……打扰
(2)disturbed adj.感到不安的；心烦意乱的
disturbing adj.令人不安的，引起烦恼的
disturbance n．干扰；骚扰

disturbing unemployment figures 令人担心的失业人数
feel disturbed to hear of your illness听说你生病了感到不安
be disturbed about the bad news对于这坏消息感到心神不安

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I was_disturbed(disturb) by the way she educated her children.
②We can't focus on our work because of the disturbing (disturb) noise.
[能力提升]——一句多译
她意识到自己孤单一人，心里很不安。
①It_disturbed_her_to_realize that she was alone.(disturb)
②She was_disturbed_to_realize that she was alone.(disturbed)
[名师点津]　disturb指人心、睡眠、安静等被“打扰，扰乱”；interrupt突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为，使其不能继续。
5．discourage vt.使灰心；劝阻
(1)discourage sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心
(2)discouraging adj.(物)令人泄气或沮丧的
discouraged adj.(人)感到泄气或沮丧的
discouragement n. 泄气；沮丧

be never discouraged by difficulties 从没因困难而泄气
discourage me from doing so 劝阻我不要那样做
such a discouraging series of events 这么一连串叫人丧气的事

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) Yet instead of being_discouraged(discourage) by my slow progress，I was excited.
②Students will soon get discouraged(discourage) if you criticize them too often.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)We hope the bad weather won't stop people from coming along.
①(高级表达)We hope the bad weather won't discourage_people_from_coming along.(discourage)
②(高级表达)We hope the bad weather won't prevent/keep_people_from_coming along.(prevent/keep)
[名师点津]　discourage是及物动词，当后面没有宾语的时候，要考虑使用被动结构，如将“不要气馁”译成英
语，不是“Don't discourage.”，而是“Don't be discouraged.”。discourage后面不接不定式作宾语，也不接不定式作宾补。
6．desire n．愿望，欲望，渴望 vt.渴望，期望
(1)desire to do sth.想要做某事
desire sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事
desire that...(should) do sth.渴望……
(2)have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望(做)某事
have no desire for sth./to do sth.不想(做)某事
(3)desired adj.渴望的，想得到的
desirable adj.值得要的，令人向往的

desire a college education渴望大学教育
desire to come to China非常想到中国来
have a desire of climbing mountains 想去爬山
satisfy their desire for space and freedom 满足他们对空间和自由的需要

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It is obvious that they have no desire for peace.
②We desire you to_complete(complete) the work within one month.
③Young people in that country have no desire to_work(work) for the government.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我们班的每个学生都渴望上名牌大学。
①Each student in our class has_a_desire_to_go to a famous university.(desire n．)
②Each student in our class desires_to_go/that_they_(should)_go to a famous university.(desire v．)
[名师点津]　desire后跟宾语从句、同位语从句或表语从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气形式，即“(should＋)动词原形”。
7．apply vi.申请 vt.使用，应用
apply to 适用于；向……申请
apply (to...) for ...(向……)申请……
apply...to...把……运用/涂抹于……
apply oneself to 致力于，专心于
apply to do...申请做……

apply for the job 申请这项工作
apply to the consul for a visa 向领事申请签证
apply a theory to practice把理论应用于实践
apply one's energies to finding a solution 全力想出一个解决的办法

[基础练习]——语段语法填空
When an idea occurred to him，he first applied it to his work.He also applied for a patent about it.Then he applied himself to it and made necessary changes.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it.
①(高级表达)Applying_yourself_to_the_job_in_hand，you'll soon finish it.(用现在分词作状语)
②(高级表达)Apply_yourself_to_the_job_in_hand，and you'll soon finish it.(用“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”)
8．come across (偶然)遇见；发现
come about 产生；发出
come up 出现；被提出，走近，上来，发芽
come up with 提出(办法等)
when it comes to...当谈到……时

come across to my house this evening今晚到我家来坐坐
come across with all the information 吐露全部情况
come up with a better plan than this 提出一个比这个更好的计划

[基础练习]——写出下列句中come across的含义
①He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not come across.被理解，讲得清楚
②I came across him in the street yesterday.(偶然)碰见
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达) When walking down the street，I met (with) David who I hadn't seen for years.
①(高级表达) When walking down the street，I came_across David who I hadn't seen for years.(come)
②(高级表达) When walking down the street，I ran_across/into/up_against David who I hadn't seen for years.(run)
[名师点津]　表示“(偶然)碰见”的常见短语还有：meet with; run across; run into; run up against; fall across等。
9．result in 导致，结果是……
(1)result from 由……引起；源自
(2)as a result of 因为，由于
as a result 结果
without result 徒劳地

result in the death of two people 造成两人死亡
result from not working hard enough由工作不够努力造成
work without result 徒劳无功

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Their wings can bridge the gap between lines，resulting_(result) in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once.
②He made one big mistake，and，as a result，lost his job.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)The driver was careless.As a result，he died.
①(高级表达)The driver died as_a_result_of his carelessness.
②(高级表达)The driver's carelessness resulted_in his death.
③(高级表达)The driver's death resulted_from his carelessness.
[联想发散]　表示“造成；导致”的常见短语还有：bring about; contribute to; lead to; give rise to等。
[图解助记]

10．be in control (of something) 掌管，控制(某物)
(1)in the control of由……控制，被……控制
under control在控制之中
beyond one's control在……管控之外
(2)get out of control摆脱控制
lose control of失去对……的控制
take control of控制……

take control of these naughty children 管住这些淘气的孩子
bring the fire under control 控制火势
be in control of one's life and one's choices 控制自己的生活和选择

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You ought to keep your passions under control.
②Francis lost control of his bike on the hill and ran into a tree.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他们曾经控制了山的南部。
①They were_in_control_of the southern side of the mountain.
②The southern side of the mountain was_in_the_control_of them.
11.(教材P42) By the 1920s，he had_become an explorer，searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.到了20世纪20年代，他已成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。
[句型公式]　“by＋时间状语(从句)”，常与完成时连用。
“by＋时间状语”的三种常见形式：by the end of.../by the time＋从句/by＋时间名词，常与完成时连用。此时的by表示“不迟于；到……时(为止)”。
(1)by＋表示现在的时间，主句常用现在完成时。
(2)by＋表示过去的时间，主句常用过去完成时。
(3)by＋表示将来的时间，主句常用一般将来时或将来完成时。
[金句推送]　 (2019·江苏卷) By the day of the show，more than 300 people had said they would attend.到演出当天为止，已有300多人表示要来观看。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①By the time the doctor arrived at the spot，the patient had_died(die)．
②By now，people have_realized(realize) its importance.
[能力提升]——完成句子
到明天这个时候，我已离开这个国家了。
By this time of tomorrow，I will_leave/have_left_the_country.
12.(教材P43) He too visited the tomb，only_to_catch_a_high_fever the next day.他也去了陵墓，结果第二天就发高烧。
[句型公式]　“only＋不定式”作结果状语。
only to do...意为“不料……，反而……，结果却……”，是动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的情况，有时前面也可不加only；而现在分词短语作结果状语表示自然而然的结果。
[金句推送]　(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Still，the people who exercised 115 minutes a week did pretty well too，lowering their death risk by 14%.
不过，每周锻炼115分钟的人也做得很好，死亡风险降低了14%。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I went to see him，only to_learn(learn) that he had left the city the night before.
②Their car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing(cause) the delay.
[能力提升]——完成句子
他匆忙赶到机场，却被告知那位电影明星已经离开了。
He hurried to the airport，only_to_be_told that the film star had left.

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．I arrived at the shop only to_find(find) I'd left all my money at home.
2．She signalled (signal) to the other girls that everything was all right.
3．Everyone desires to_live (live) in a world free of worries and pains.
4．By the time the English teacher came in，we had_started (start) practising speaking English.
5．To satisfy children's curiosity (curious)，we'd better answer their questions patiently.
6．Whenever a young child is frightened or disturbed (disturb)，it typically rushes to his/her mother first.
7．At the age of four，she fell into an icy river and was fortunately (fortunate) rescued by some local villagers.
8．Our suggestions are that these traditional customs (should)_be_preserved (preserve) and handed down one generation after another.
9．Before，he was an extremely devoted (devote) physician，who treated his work seriously and cared for patients very much.
10．Don't chew the tablets before swallowing (swallow)，or you may throw them up.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．The police are now in control of the situation.
2．More and more noise pollution has resulted in many species dying out.
3．His parents tried to discourage him from going abroad，but failed.
4．I really look up to her because she is so talented.
5．If the constitution said that all people were free and equal，then she thought it should apply to her.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．Was it five years ago that we got together last time?
2．Reporters are warned of not being too curious about things they are not supposed to know.
3．The athlete's years of hard training paid off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
4．My parents are content to_live(live) in the country，where the air is fresh and clean.
5．The teacher inspires his students to_give (give) their opinions actively even if they are different from his own.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①一些有所作为的人对世界影响很大。
Some_amazing_people have greatly influenced the world.
②比尔·盖茨对计算机技术产生了很大影响。
Bill Gates has_had_a_great_effect_on computer technology.
③袁隆平致力于水稻优良品种的研究与推广。
Yuan Longping has_devoted_himself_to the research and development of a better rice breed.
④他们生活在不同的时期，国籍不同。他们的共同点就是在自己的领域为世界做出很大贡献。
They are of_different_times_and_nationalities.What_they_have_in_common is that they have_contributed_a_lot to the world in their fields.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用as well as升级1中的句③
Yuan_Longping_has_devoted_himself_to_the_research_as_well_as_development_of_a_better_rice_breed.
(2)利用though引导让步状语从句升级1中的句④
Though_they_are_of_different_times_and_nationalities，what_they_have_in_ common_is_that_they_have_contributed_a_lot_to_the_world_in_their_fields.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：for example，besides)
Some amazing people have greatly influenced the world.For example，Bill Gates has had a great effect on computer technology.Besides，Yuan Longping has devoted himself to the research as well as development of a better rice breed.Though they are of different times and nationalities，what they have in common is that they have contributed a lot to the world in their fields.


三言
两语
1.Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over，and hurt serves only to make us stronger.
2．Had I worked harder in high school，I would be studying in university and enjoying a colorful life now.
3．No pains，no gains.I hold the firm belief that with your great efforts，you will enjoy a colourful and fruitful life.
1.她非常乐观且有活力，我从她身上学到了一些宝贵的东西——要对生活有信心。
She was quite optimistic and energetic，from_whom I learned_something_precious—belief in life.
2．就我个人而言，我们应该对生活采取积极的态度，面对困难时，我们应该勇敢。
As_far_as_I'm_concerned，we should develop a positive attitude towards life and we should be brave when_faced_with_difficulties.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．approach vi.& vt.靠近；着手处理 n．靠近；方法；路径
2．attach vt.使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要
3．volunteer n．志愿者 vi.& vt.自愿做，义务做
4．likely adj.可能的
5．whisper vi.& vt.小声说；私下说
6．stare vi.凝视，盯着看
7．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的，平静的 vt.& vi.使平静，镇静
8．puzzle n．谜，疑问 vt.迷惑，使困惑
9．reduce vt.& vi.减少
10．relief n．轻松，宽慰
11．tap n．& vt.& vi.轻拍，轻敲
12．grasp vt. 抓紧，抓牢
13．recognize vt. 认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·天津卷) If a child approaches (approach) him，he will pause to give that child his undivided attention.
2．(2019·江苏卷) Emma had never taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached (attach) to humans.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) Still，most of us volunteers (volunteer) breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering (whisper) support.
5．(2019·江苏卷)What puzzled (puzzle) Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone?
6．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)So do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better，calmer(calm)，healthier?
7．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)With the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to_reduce(reduce) food waste.
8．Robyn sat there staring(stare) into space，her mind numb.
9．Of the two possibilities，this is more_likely(likely) than that.
拓展单词
1．anxious adj.焦虑，忧虑→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑；渴望
2．confuse vt.使糊涂，使迷惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n．迷惑，混淆
3．observe vt.观察；注意到；评论→observer n．观察者；评论者→observation n．观察；评论
4．disable v．使(某人)失去能力→disabled adj.残废的；有缺陷的→disability n．缺陷；伤残
5．employ vt.使用；雇佣→employer n．雇用者；雇主→employee n．受雇者；雇员；雇工→employment n．职业；雇用；使用
6．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的→ignorance n．愚昧，无知
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．What you said left all of us in confusion，that is，we were all completely confused by your confusing words.(confuse)
2．My mother always gets a bit anxious if we don't arrive when we say we will.She will phone us and share her anxiety with us.(anxious)
3．The observer has been observing the changes to the situation of that region for a long time，so his observation is believable.(observe)
4．Disabled though the girl is，she refuses to let her disability prevent her from doing what she wants.(disable)
5．The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employee before she came to work.(employ)
6．Owing to ignorance of the new traffic laws，some drivers usually ignore the speed limits.(ignore)
阅读单词
1．narrow adj.狭窄的
2．grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的
3．analyse vt.分析
4．panic vi.& n．惊慌，恐慌
5．forecast vt.& n．预测，预报
6．triangle n．三角形；三角形物体
7．jewellery n．珠宝
8．pavement n．(马路边的)人行道
9．compass n．罗盘；指南针

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s，and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.vt.使用
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ) Over the years，there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.vt. 着手处理
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ) A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in.n. 理解，掌握
4．(2017·北京卷) For example，she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the efforts of young people to change the world.vt.赏识，表彰

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.clear_up (天气)放晴；清理
2．in_the_distance 在远处
3．glance_at 瞥一眼，匆匆看
4．stare_at 盯着看，睁大眼
5．to_one's_surprise 使某人惊奇的是
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
The Wild Goose Pagoda is the symbol of Xi'an.When the weather cleared ①up，we drove there.To ②our surprise，we saw a rainbow over the pagoda in ③the distance.What a beautiful scene! We all felt relaxed and happy.

6.in_sight 看得到，在视力范围之内
7．reach_out 伸出(手)
8．watch_out_for 留心，密切注意
9．attach_importance_to 认为……很重要
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
On a foggy morning，Mr.Zhang could see nothing ④in sight，and was knocked down by a running car.Fortunately，some passers­by reached ⑤out their hands to rush him to the hospital.The traffic accident warned pedestrians to watch out ⑥for cars when getting across the road.

10.roll_up 卷起来
11．wish_for 盼望，企盼
12．pay_back 偿还；回报；报复
13．work_out 制订出；算出
14．make_sense 有意义；讲得通
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Mavens are people with a lot of knowledge or experts in a particular field.People wish ⑦for them to pass on their knowledge to others without being paid ⑧back.Mavens also collect information to work ⑨out new plans for social developing trends.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
(2019·天津卷) 然而，因为我正在成长，我曾经认为简单的世界变得越来越复杂，我发现自己需要一种逃避的方式。
Yet，now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex，I find_myself_needing_a_way to escape.
2.rather than用于平行结构中，意为“……而不是……”
While having dinner，listen to some enjoyable music rather than watch television.
(2017·浙江卷·满分作文) 由于我们打算爬山，切记一定要穿运动鞋而不要穿皮鞋。
As we intend to climb mountains，do be sure to wear sports_shoes_rather_than_leather_shoes.
3.倍数＋形容词的比较级
Don't be frightened by sharks: you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
长江是那条河的三倍长。
The Yangtze River is_three_times_longer than that river.

1．observe vt.观察；注意到；遵守；庆祝；评论
observe sb.doing sth.观察/注意到某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行)
observe sb.do sth.观察/注意到某人做过某事(强调动作全过程)
observe that 观察到……，注意到……
observe how/what/where＋从句观看了……，观察了……
observe New Year's Day/festivals 庆祝元旦/节日

observe the reaction of the children to these changes观察孩子对这些变化的反应
observe someone's birthday庆祝某人的生日
observe him do otherwise看到他有不同的做法
observe him going out 看见他正走出去

[基础练习]——写出下列句中observe的含义
①Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still observe traditional customs.遵守
②People of China observe Spring Festival.庆祝
③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.观察
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达) The police observed the man enter the bank.
①(高级表达) The man was_observed_to_enter the bank by the police.(被动语态)
②(高级表达) The police observed that the_man_entered_the_bank.
[名师点津]　observe sb.do sth.结构如果改成被动语态，应补上省略的to，即sb.be observed to do sth.。
2．approach vt.& vi.靠近，接近；着手处理 n．靠近；方法；路径
(1)(an) approach to (doing)．.. (做/解决)……的方法；到……的通路或途径
at the approach of在快到……的时候
(2)approach sb.about (doing) sth.与某人接洽(做)某事
be approaching正在/将要接近

try alternative approaches to the problem尝试解决这个问题的其他方法
turn colder with the approach of autumn随着秋天的来临天气变得更冷
approach John about having a concert 和约翰接洽开音乐会的事
fall silent at the approach of the teacher老师一来变得鸦雀无声

[基础练习]——写出下列句中approach的含义
①Such people are friendly and are easy to approach.接近
②We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.方法
③He thought of several ways of approaching this problem.着手处理
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达) The time for graduation is approaching and we are busy with our papers.
①(高级表达)At_the_approach_of_graduation，we are busy with our papers. (approach n．)
②(高级表达)With_the_time_for_graduation_approaching，we are busy with our papers.(用with复合结构)
③(高级表达)As_the_time_for_graduation_is_approaching，we are busy with our papers.(用as引导时间状语从句)
[名师点津]　approach表示“……的方法/途径”时，后常接介词to；当表示某人或某物的来临时，其后常接介词of。
3．anxious adj.焦虑，忧虑
(1)be anxious about sb./sth.对某人/某事感到忧虑/担心
be anxious for 渴望得到某物；担忧
be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事
be anxious that...(should) do sth.渴望……
(2)with anxiety 焦虑地

be on the anxious seat 坐立不安，如坐针毡
be extremely anxious for her safety 极为担心她的安全
be anxious to meet you 急切地想与你会面
was anxious for everything to be settled 渴望每一件事都安排妥当

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)She was anxious to_know (know) what had happened.
②He was anxious about/for his family，who were travelling abroad.
③The couple are waiting for their daughter's reply with anxiety.
[能力提升]——句式升级
①(普通表达)I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I'm anxious to get help from you.
(高级表达)I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I'm anxious that I_(should)_get_help from you.
②(普通表达)She looked at her sick child and was very anxious.
(高级表达)She looked at her sick child，very_anxious.(用形容词作状语)
[名师点津]　表示渴望做某事或渴望得到某物的常用短语还有：
①long/desire/be eager/be dying to do sth.渴望做某事
②long/desire/be eager/be dying for sth.渴望得到某物
4．relief n．轻松，宽慰；(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；救济
(1)in/with relief 如释重负；松了口气
to one's relief 令人感到欣慰的是
It's a relief to do sth.做某事是令人欣慰的
What a relief! 可轻松了；真叫人宽慰
(2)relieve vt.使轻松，宽慰；缓解
relieve sb.of...解除某人……方面的负担

a huge relief to her 对她来说是个莫大安慰
smile in/with relief舒心地笑了
breathe a sigh of relief如释重负地松了一口气
give a patient relief from pain使病人减轻痛苦

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The passengers all sighed with/in relief when the plane finally landed safely.
②Oh，what a relief! Thank you very much for your help.
③It is a great relief to_know(know) you're safe.
[能力提升]——完成句子
令我感到欣慰的是，这种从美国进口的新药能缓解他腿伤的疼痛。
To_my_relief，the new medicine bought from US helped relieve_him_of the pain of his injured leg.
5．recognize vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认
(1)recognize sb./sth.by/from...根据……认出某人/物
be recognized to be/as...被认为是……
recognize that...意识到……
It's (generally) recognized that...人们公认……
(2)out of/beyond recognition 认不出来

recognize the calls of different birds 识别不同鸟类的鸣叫
recognize the man as one of the police officers认出那个人是其中一名警察
recognize them from a television show从一个电视节目上认出了他们
recognize the danger to health of passive smoking认识到被动吸烟对身体的危害

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Although he hadn't seen his friend Jack for years，he recognized him by/from his voice.
②(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) Since 1958，they have been recognized as the national theatre of Israel.
③(2019·江苏卷) China's image is improving steadily，with more countries recognizing(recognize) its role in international affairs.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达) Traffic jam is recognized as/to be one serious problem to citizens.
(高级表达)It_is_recognized_that traffic jam is one serious problem to citizens.
6．attach vt.使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要
(1)attach...to...把……附加在……上
attach importance/significance/value to...重视……；认为……重要/有意义/有价值 (to为介词)
(2)attached adj. 附属的；依恋的；爱慕的
be attached to...附属于；依恋于；爱慕
(3)attachment n. 附属物；附件

attach labels to the luggage把标签贴在行李上
attach his horse to a tree 将他的马拴在树上
be attached to that university附属于那所大学
attach too much importance to new ideas 很看重新观念

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Father asked me to attach a stamp to the envelope and mail it.
②Parents should attach significance to developing(develop) children's good habits in life.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)He is so attached to the network games that he often plays truant(逃课)．
①(高级表达)So_attached_to_the_network_games，he often plays truant.(用过去分词作状语)
②(高级表达)Attaching_himself_to_the_network_games_so_much，he often plays truant.(用现在分词作状语)
③So_attached_to_the_network_games_is_he that he often plays truant.(用倒装句)
7．likely adj.可能的
be likely to do sth.可能做某事
It's likely that...很可能……
not likely 不可能
as likely as not很可能；说不定

a likely young man一个有希望的青年
be hardly likely to get home before ten 几乎不可能在10 点以前到家
succeed as likely as not 很可能会成功


[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You are likely to_suffer(suffer) from bad health if you keep smoking.
②It is likely that these old buildings will be knocked down in a year or two.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)It is possible for me to go there next week.
①(高级表达)I am_likely_to_go there next week.
②(高级表达)It's_likely_that_I_will_go there next week.
8．employ vt.使用；雇佣
(1)employ...as...雇佣……为……
employ sb.to do sth.雇佣某人做某事
employ oneself in doing sth.(＝be employed in doing sth.) 忙于做某事
(2)in employment在工作
in the employment of 受雇于

employ the new method 采用那个新方法
be employed in a bank 在一家银行任职
employ oneself (in) teaching English 从事英语教学工作
employ specialists to do the market research请专家做市场调研

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Most of the newcomers are_employed(employ) in developing the technology into a product now.
②The number of men and women in employment is now almost equal.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达) More scientists are busy with studies to develop new medicines.
①(高级表达) More scientists are_employed_in/are_employing_themselves_in studies to develop new medicines.(employ)
②(高级表达) More scientists are_occupied_with studies to develop new medicines.(occupy)
9．in/within sight看得到，在视力范围之内
out of sight 看不见
at the sight of...一看见……
at first sight 初看时，乍一看
come into sight 进入视野
catch sight of 看见
lose sight of 看不见
lose one's sight失明

be nowhere in sight 无影无踪
at the sight of the photo 一看到那张照片
go out of sight suddenly 突然不见了

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①And，as in a nightmare，there was nobody in/within sight to help me.
②At first sight the house appeared to be empty than it really is.
[能力提升]——一句多译
刚才我看见了我以前的老师，但是他在拐角处转弯了，我就看不见他了。
①My former teacher came_into_my_sight just now，but he turned at a corner and he was out_of_sight.
②I caught_sight_of my former teacher just now，but he turned at a corner and I lost_sight_of him.
10．reach out伸出(手)，伸手拿
(1)reach (out one's hand) for sth.伸手去拿/够某物
(2)within one's reach(＝within the reach of sb.) 够得到/在某人能力范围之内
beyond/out of one's reach(＝beyond/out of the reach of sb.) 够不到/力所不及

keep all medicines out of the reach of children把所有的药放到孩子们够不着的地方
be within easy reach of the shops 离商店很近
reach for the telephone and picked it up 伸手拿起了电话

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He reached out his right hand for a book on the shelf above his head.
②You should leave your keys within your reach.
[能力提升]——一句多译
这种新款汽车很贵，超出了普通收入人群的购买力。
①This new model of car is so expensive that it is out_of_the_reach_of those with common income.(out of)
②This new model of car is so expensive that it is beyond_the_reach_of those with common income.(beyond)
11．watch out for当心，留心，密切注意
(1)watch over 看守；监视；照顾
(2)be on the watch for 留神；注意；警戒
keep watch 值班；放哨
keep (a) watch on 监视
on watch 值班；守望

watch out for cars 当心车辆
be on the watch for thieves in this crowd提防人群中有小偷
keep a close watch on her 严加看管她

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It would be better if you keep watching over yourself.
②The government is keeping a close watch on how the situation develops.
[能力提升]——完成句子
在山谷远足时，小心毒蛇。
Watch out for poisonous snakes while hiking in the valley.
[联想发散]　表示“当心，留神”的短语还有：look out (for); take care; be careful等。
12．(教材P3) Polly found_herself_staring_up at the face of an old man with a beard.波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。
[句型公式]　句中found herself staring为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语(v.­ing形式)”结构。
“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的常见形式：

[金句推送]　(2019·天津卷)I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly，so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
我经常告诉妈妈开慢点，这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路标。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①When he came to himself，he found himself surrounded(surround) by a group of boys.
②We went to the shopping centre and found thousands of people moving (move) up and down.
③(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame on the alarm clock.
[能力提升]——一句多译
当他醒来的时候，他发现钱包被偷了。
①When he woke up，he found (that) his_wallet_was_stolen.
②When he woke up，he found his_wallet_stolen.(复合结构)
[名师点津]　①此句型中宾语是不定式或从句，习惯上用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语放在后面。
②类似用法的动词还有make，see，notice，have，leave，hear等。
13．(教材P18) ...you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.……你被闪电击中的几率可能是被鲨鱼袭击的几率的30倍。
[句型公式]　句中“30 times more likely...than...”是一种倍数表达法。
表示“几倍于……”时，常用下列结构：
(1)A＋倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as＋B
(2)A＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than＋B
(3)A＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，weight，length，width，height...)＋of＋B
(4)倍数＋what从句
(5)The＋名词(size，weight，length，width，height...) of A＋be＋倍数＋that/those of B
[金句推送]　(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·满分作文)Our new school stadium covers an area of about 400 square meters，which is three times the size of the old one.
我们学校的新体育馆占地面积约400平方米，是旧体育馆的三倍大。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.
②After looking at the map，he finds this street is four times the length (long) of that street.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达) The new stadium being built will be three times as big as the present one.
①(高级表达)The new stadium being built will be three_times_bigger_than the present one.(big)
②(高级表达)The new stadium being built will be three_times_the_size_of the present one.(size)
③(高级表达)The size of the new stadium being built will be three_times_that_of the present one.
[名师点津]　①表示两倍用twice或double，三倍及以上用“数词＋times”。
②前面的倍数还可以是分数、百分数、小数或a quarter，half等。

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．She observed(observe) that a man was walking on the opposite of the way.
2．We need to try other approaches to solving (solve) the problem.
3．People who receive kindness are likely to_offer (offer) it to others.
4．Glancing (glance) at the clock on the wall，she saw that she was late.
5．Her family was poor，so the girl was anxious to_finish (finish) school and get a job.
6．You should have your photo attached (attach) to the application before handing it in.
7．Since 1958，they have been recognized to_be(be) the national theatre of Israel.
8．When she came into the room，she found them sitting(sit) together singing.
9．Mrs.Carson is firmly (firm) convinced that the education her son has received will enable him to be a useful man.
10．They believe，for example，that their employees (employ) need constant supervision if they are to work effectively.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Be careful！Watch out for cyclists and other runners.
2．We find it important to let students have enough sleep.
3．At first sight，there is nothing special about the watch，but in fact it is a mobile phone.
4．It is a relief to see so many articles and statements reflecting lessons learnt from Iraq.
5．Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches，naturally and softly.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
2．First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop.
3．She glanced at me through her glasses，“You are no different from your classmates，young man.”
4．Don't hesitate to_tell (tell) them that the background noises are getting in the way.
5．Rumours panicked many citizens into flooding(flood) into supermarkets to buy salt.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①我们把五种感觉看得很重要，并利用它们来感知世界。
We attach_great_importance_to our five senses and make_use_of_them to sense the world.
②一旦我们丧失了其中的一种感觉，我们就被看作是残疾人。
Once we lose one of the senses，we will be_recognized_as_people_with_ disabilities.
③我们或许会看不到周围的任何东西。任何声音都不能引起我们的注意。
We can not catch_sight_of_anything around us.No sound can attract_our_ attention.
④无论我们身在何处，都要当心我们的感觉，减少受伤害的机会。
Wherever_we_are，we should watch_out_for our senses and reduce_the_chance of being hurt.
⑤我们应毫不犹豫地伸出援手帮助需要帮助的人。
We should not hesitate_to_reach_out_to_help people in need.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用as everyone knows和which引导非限制性定语从句升级1中的句①
As_everyone_knows，we_attach_great_importance_to_our_five_senses，which _we_can_make_use_of_to_sense_the_world.
(2)利用状语从句的省略形式升级1中的句②
Once_losing_one_of_the_senses，we_will_be_recognized_as_people_with_ disabilities.
(3)利用连词or升级1中的句③
We_can_not_catch_sight_of_anything_around_us，or_no_sound_can_attract _our_attention.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：therefore，at the same time)
As everyone knows，we attach great importance to our five senses，which we can make use of to sense the world.Once losing one of the senses，we will be recognized as people with disabilities.We can not catch sight of anything around us，or no sound can attract our attention.Therefore，wherever we are，we should watch out for our senses and reduce the chance of being hurt.At the same time，we should not hesitate to reach out to help people in need.


三言
两语
1.We are supposed to learn English well because a good command of English means more opportunities in the future.
2．I'd like to attend English lectures，from which I can get more information on British and American culture.
3．There is no doubt that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with written English.
1.首先，我总是去英语角，在那里我经常和其他人交流学习英语的经验，这拓宽了我的视野，提高了我对英语的兴趣。
Firstly，I always go to the English corner where_I_often_exchange_my_English_study_experience_with_others，which broadens my horizons and improves my interest in English.
2．参加英语课程学习很重要，因为你能向老师学习并和你的同学一块练习说英语。
It_is_important_to_take_an_English_course，as you will be able to learn from the teachers and practice_speaking_English with your fellow students.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1.occupy vt. 占领；占用(时间、空间等)
2．consist vi. 组成，构成
3．raise vt. 养育，培养；举起；增加，提高；筹募；提及
4．conclude v．总结，归纳，推论
5．replace vt. 替换，代替，取代
6．defeat vt. 战胜，击败
7．ban vt.& n. 禁止；取缔
8．distinguish vt. 区分，辨别；使具有某种特征
9．interrupt vi.& vt. 插嘴，打断，暂停
10．represent vt. 代表；展示，描绘
11．press vt. (被)压，挤，推，施加压力n. 报刊；新闻界；出版社
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·浙江卷)Rock music consists (consist) of many different styles.
2．(2019·天津卷)My progress in reading raised (raise) my curiosity，and I wanted to know everything.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is_represented (represent) in their brains.
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The living­room television is_replaced(replace) and gets planted in the kids' room，and suddenly one day，you have a TV in every room of the house.
5．Their classification and analysis occupied (occupy) scientists for years and led to a five­volume report，the last volume being published in 1895.
6．The child is perfectly capable of distinguishing(distinguish) reality from fantasy.
7．In the USA a growing number of states have adopted laws to_ban (ban) throwing e­waste.
拓展单词
1．access vt.进入；使用 n．通道；(使用的)机会，权利→accessible adj.可到达的；可接近的
2．differ vi.相异，有区别→different adj.不同的→difference n．不同
3．contribute vt.& vi.贡献→contribution n．贡献，促成因素；捐赠
4．concern n．关心；忧虑 vt.涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣→concerned adj.担心的，关心的→concerning prep.关于
5．embarrass vt.使尴尬，使难堪→embarrassing adj.令人难堪的，使人尴尬的→embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的，难堪的
6．convenient adj.方便的→convenience n．方便→conveniently adv.方便地，附近地
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．He showed concern for agriculture and wrote two essays concerning it，but he was concerned that neither could be published.(concern)
2．My most embarrassing moment was when I tried to introduce a woman whose name I couldn't remember，and it also made the woman embarrassed.(embarrass)
3．My house is conveniently located just off the High Street.It's convenient for you to drop in.Please come at your convenience.(convenient)
4．Free Internet access at home is a huge step in making online education accessible to everybody.(access)
5．From the appearance，we can not tell the differences between the twins，though they always have some different ideas.As for this phenomenon，ideas differ among many people.(differ)
6．WHO welcomes China's contribution of mobile laboratory to west Africa against Ebola，which can contribute to fighting the disease.(contribute)
阅读单词
1．process n．过程；进程
2．unique adj.独特的
3．character n．(书写或印刷)文字，符号；人物；性格
4．servant n．仆人
5．simplify vt.简化
6．shortcoming n．缺点，短处
7．battle n．& vi.战斗
8．mixture n．混合，混合体
9．alphabet n．(一种语言的)字母表，全部字母

1．(2018·北京卷)Now Mr.Anderson has set up an online campaign to raise money for Mr.Smith and other homeless people in the area，which by yesterday had received ￡8,000.vt. 募集
2．(2018·浙江卷) The steam­powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%.n. 印刷机
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)When the studio didn't want me for the film—it wanted somebody as well known as Paul—he stood up for me.支持，拥护

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.lead_to 导致
2．aside_from除……之外
3．name_after 以……命名
4．differ_from 和……不同，不同于
5．make_fun_of 取笑
6．consist_of＝be_made_up_of 由……组成(构成)
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
As we all know，English differs ①from Chinese.It is made up ②of(＝consists of) the grammar and vocabulary.At first I found it hard to learn English.Aside ③from my poor vocabulary，I had difficulty understanding grammar.Fortunately，my teacher and classmates' help led ④to my English improving rapidly.

7.stand_for 代表，象征
8．at_one_time 曾经，一度；一次
9．gain_access_to 接近；利用……的机会
10．take...into_consideration 考虑……
11．make_contributions_to 对……做出贡献
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Michael Herr was the author of Dispatches (1977)，the best book about the Vietnam war.Herr also made contributions ⑤to two of the best films on the war，Apocalypse Now and Full Metal Jacket.⑥At one time he gained access ⑦to Vietnam as a correspondent for Esquire magazine.In his book，he shared their discomforts and their fears，witnessed their death and recorded their language.

12.as_a_whole作为整体，总体上
13．ought_to 应当，应该
14．take_control_of 控制，取得对……的控制
15．go_through 经历；浏览，仔细检查
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
As ⑧a whole，whoever learn English hard will succeed in time.I used to go ⑨through English newspapers and magazines.I picked up some words while reading.Therefore，we ought ⑩to do more reading to improve our English.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.why引导表语从句
That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.
(2019·浙江卷) 那正是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。
And that's precisely why_one_garbage­eating_Frenchman_has_caught_our_attention.
2.be of＋抽象名词
While the students found the soldier's idea interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·满分作文)我认为这对你看剪纸展览有很大的用处。
I think it is_of_great_use for you to visit the paper­cutting exhibition.
3.sth.＋be＋adj.＋to do
The question of whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer.
(2019·北京卷) 信誉很难获得，但很容易失去，从现在开始，问题只会变得更加严重。
Credibility is_hard_to_earn but easy_to_lose，and the problem is only going to harder from here on out.

1．occupy vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)；使忙碌
(1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事
(2)occupied adj. 忙碌的；占用的
be occupied in doing sth.忙于做某事
be occupied with sth.从事/忙于某事
(3)occupation n. 占领；职业，工作

be occupied in building new houses 忙于盖新房子
occupy oneself in packing the car 忙着装车
be much occupied with affairs of state 忙于国事

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①As the final exam is drawing near，all the students are_occupied(occupy) with their review.
②I was fully occupied in repairing(repair) some old tools，so I didn't attend my friend's party last Friday.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)She was occupied in doing housework all day，so she was tired out.
①(高级表达)Occupied_in_doing_housework all day，she was tired out.(用过去分词作状语)
②(高级表达)Occupying_herself_in_doing_housework all day，she was tired out.(用现在分词作状语)
[名师点津]　“忙于(做)某事”的 其他常用结构还有：
be busy/engaged with sth.; be busy/engaged (in) doing sth.等。
2．replace vt.替换，代替，取代；把……放回原处
(1)replace A with/by B 用B取代A
replace sb.as...取代某人成为……
(2)take the place of sb.(＝take sb.'s place) 代替某人
in place of 代替
(3)replacement n．代替，取代；更换；替代的人(物)

replace coal by/with gas用煤气代替煤
replace me as goal­keeper 代替我当守门员
replace people in this work 代替人做这项工作
get a replacement for him 找一个人代替他

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I'm going to replace my old car with/by a new one.
②The manager replaced Bob as chairman of the company.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我们的班长将代替我们的班主任参加会议。
①Our monitor will replace_our_head_teacher to attend the meeting.(replace)
②Our monitor will take_the_place_of_our_head_teacher to attend the meeting. (take the place of)
③Our monitor will attend the meeting in_place_of_our_head_teacher.(in place of)
3．raise vt.抚养，养育，培养；饲养(家畜)；种植；提高，增加；举起；筹集(资金)；筹募；提及
raise sb.to sb.'s feet 让某人站起来
raise money for...为……筹款

raise one's courage使某人鼓起勇气
raise the people's living standards 提高人民的生活水平
raise a captain to the rank of major把上尉提升为少校

[基础练习]——写出下列句中raise的含义
①I raised my left arm to protect my face.举起
②Both of the parents work in order to earn enough money to raise their children.抚养，养育
③Two incidents in recent days have raised the level of concern.提高，增加
④A lot of money has been raised to help poor children to finish school.筹集
[能力提升]——完成句子
每年我们都有慈善日为不幸的人们筹款。
Every year we have charity days to_raise_money_for unfortunate people.
[易混辨析]
raise vt.
(raised，raised)
有使物体达到其应有的高度的含义，意为“举起；提高；提出；饲养；养育；筹集；种植”
rise vi.
(rose，risen)
说明主语自身移向较高位置，常用于日/月/云/雾/烟/蒸汽/温度/物价等，无被动语态
arise vi.
(arose，arisen)
主语一般为抽象名词，意为“(现象，问题，困难等)出现，发生”
4．concern n．关心；关注；忧虑 vt.涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣
(1)concern for/about...对于……的担心
concern oneself with/about (对……)感兴趣
show/express concern about/for...对……表示关心/担心
(2)be concerned with...与……有关，涉及
be concerned about/for/that...关心……，担心/忧……
so/as far as...be concerned 就……而言

feel some concern for her safety 有点担心她的安全
out of concern for her health出于对她健康的关心
be concerned about helping the old 关心帮助老年人
concern oneself with making something that children enjoy对制作孩子们喜欢的东西感兴趣

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Concerning(concern) the toll free policy on the express way，what concerns (concern) us most is the traffic jam while some concern for/about(＝are concerned about/for) the safety.
②All the people concerned (concern) with the case will be questioned by the police.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)In my opinion，it's wise not to spend much time playing with smartphones.
(高级表达)As/So_far_as_I_am_concerned，it's wise not to spend much time playing with smartphones.(concern)
5．access vt.进入；接近；使用
(1)access to...进入……的通道/入口
have/get/gain access to...拥有……的机会/权利；可以接近；进入
give access to准许进入(接近)
(2)be accessible to 容易得到的；可使用的

a man of easy access易于接近的人；平易近人的人
without easy access to shops 到商店购物十分不便
have equal access to education and employment 有平等的受教育和工作的权利
have free access to the library 自由使用图书馆

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The facilities have been adapted to give access to wheelchair users.
②(2017·北京卷)People have better access to health care than they used to，and they're living longer as a result.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Medicine should be kept where it is out of children's reach.
①(高级表达)Medicine should not be kept where it is_accessible_to_children. (accessible)
②(高级表达)Medicine should not be kept where children have/get/gain_ access_to_it.(access)
[名师点津]　access的本意是“通道，入口”，侧重进入的手段与途径，一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权力等”，常与介词to连用。
6．differ vi.相异，有区别
(1)differ from sb./sth.(in...) (在……方面)与某人/某物不同
differ (with sb.) on/about/over sth.在……上(和某人)有分歧/异议
(2)be different from...(in...) (在……方面)与……不同
(3)make a difference to 对……起作用/产生影响
make no difference 不起作用，没有影响

differ in size and shape 大小和形状都不一样
differ with him over details of the plan与他在计划的细节上有分歧
differ about where to go要到哪里去有不同的意见
differs greatly from French in pronunciation 发音和法语大不相同

[基础练习]——语段语法填空
They are twins but they are different from each other in their habits and they also differ from each other in many behaviours.But it makes no difference to their life.
[能力提升]——一句多译
英式英语和美式英语在发音和拼写方面有明显的区别。
①British English differs_obviously_from American English in pronunciation and spelling.(differ)
②British English is_obviously_different_from American English in pronunciation and spelling.(different)
③There are obvious_differences_between_British_English_and_American _English in pronunciation and spelling.(difference)
7．distinguish vt.区分，辨别；使具有某种特征
(1)distinguish(＝tell) A from B/between A and B 把A和B分开
distinguish oneself (as) (作为……)而出名；使自己出众
(2)distinguished adj. 著名的；有尊严的
be distinguished(＝famous/well­known) for 因……而著名

distinguish between cause and effect 区分因果
distinguish right from wrong明辨是非
distinguish good from evil分辨善恶
distinguish oneself in physics在物理方面享有盛名

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷)This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
②The Chinese nation is distinguished (distinguish) for its diligence and courage.
③Lang Ping has already distinguished herself as a great volleyball coach in the world.
[能力提升]——一句多译
它们甚至能分辨出母亲的声音和一个雌性陌生者的声音。
①They can even distinguish/tell their_mother's_voice_from_that_of_a_female _stranger.(from)
②They can even distinguish/tell (the difference) between_their_mother's_voice _and_that_of_a_female_stranger.(between)
8．convenient adj.便利的，方便的
(1)It's convenient (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)方便做某事
be convenient for sth./sb.某物/对某人来说是方便的
(2)for convenience 为了方便起见
for sb.'s convenience(＝for the convenience of sb.) 为了方便某人
at one's convenience 在某人方便时

arrange a convenient time and place for the meeting 安排一个合适的时间和地点开会
be very convenient for long­distance travel 对于长途旅行很方便
telephone me at your convenience 在方便时给我来个电话

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Would it be convenient for you to_pick(pick) me up at four o'clock and take me to the airport?
②England is the largest of the four countries，and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.
[能力提升]——一句多译
你能不能在方便时给我打个电话，安排一次会面？
①Can you telephone me at_your_convenience to arrange a meeting? (convenience)
②Can you telephone me to arrange a meeting when_it_is_convenient_for_you？(convenient)
[名师点津]　“当你方便的时候”应译成when it is convenient for you或at your convenience，不说when you are convenient。
9．consist of 由……组成(构成)
(1)consist of(＝be made up of＝be composed of) 由……组成
(2)consist in(＝lie in) 存在于……；在于……
consist with 一致；符合
(3)consistent adj. 相容的，一致的
be consistent with 和……一致/相符

consist with all known facts与全部已知事实相符
consist in whole­hearted devotion to public interests存在于一心为公
consist of ten required modules and five optional modules 包括十个必修单元和五个选修单元

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The beauty of the city consists in the unique style of its buildings.
②The rescue team consisting(consist) of the PLA soldiers and local policemen fought against the flood day and night.
[能力提升]——一句多译
如果你言行不一，这将对你的孩子有不好的影响。
①If what you say doesn't_consist_with_what_you_do，it will have a bad effect on your children.(consist)
②If what you say is_not_consistent_with_what_you_do，it will have a bad effect on your children.(consistent)
10．lead to导致
lead to (one's/one) doing sth.导致(某人)做某事
lead to some place 通往某地
lead sb.to sth.使某人得出(观点)；引导某人某事
lead sb.to do sth.使得某人做某事；导致某人做某事
lead the way带路

lead us to our rooms 把我们带到了我们的房间
lead directly onto the beach 直通向海滩
lead him to start a collection of paintings 使他开始收藏画作

[基础练习]——语段语法填空
With him leading the way，we got there without any difficulty.But for him，we would have been lost，which would lead to serious consequences.
[能力提升]——一句多译
在一定条件下，坏事可能导致好的结果。
①In given conditions，bad things can lead_to good results.(lead)
②In given conditions，bad things can result_in good results.(result)
③In given conditions，bad things can bring_about good results.(bring)
[联想发散]　表示“导致，造成”的其他短语还有：result in; contribute to; bring about等。
11．(教材P22) That_is_why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.那就是为什么英语中有那么多难的令人困惑的规则的原因。
[句型公式]　That is why...那就是为什么……，那就是……的原因。
This/That is why...这/那就是为什么……，这/那就是……的原因
This/That is because...这/那是因为……
The reason why...is that...……的原因是……
[金句推送]　(2019·北京卷) That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation (处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use.
这是因为有许多强大的，即将广泛应用于任何人的语音处理和自动化技术。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
The reason why he didn't come was that he was ill.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)Tom was late for work this morning because he overslept.
①(高级表达)Tom overslept this morning and that_was_why he was late for work.
②(高级表达)Tom was late for work this morning and that_was_because he overslept.
12．(教材P23) The_question of whether English will keep on changing in the future is_easy_to_answer.将来英语是否会继续改变这一问题是很容易回答的。
[句型公式]　本句为复合句，whether English will keep on changing in the future为宾语从句，主句为“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构。
(1)在句型“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”中，不定式作表语形容词的状语，并且和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，此时不定式多用主动形式表示被动含义。
(2)此句型中的形容词通常是easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy等，该类形容词说明的是不定式的性质。
[金句推送] 　It's said that the solution to the problem is difficult to seek.据说这个问题的解决办法很难找到。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The question was easy enough for me to answer.
②This machine is very easy to_operate(operate)．Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
③I like getting up early in summer.The morning air is so good to_breathe (breathe)．
[能力提升]——句式升级
①(普通表达)It is very easy to carry out the plan.
(高级表达)The plan is_very_easy_to_carry_out.
②(普通表达)It is difficult for Europeans to learn Japanese.
(高级表达)Japanese is_difficult_for_Europeans_to_learn.

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．A nursery is where young plants and trees are_raised(raise)．
2．When it comes to universities in China，as far as I am_concerned(concern)，I'll recommend Peking University.
3．So I'm writing to let you know that it's not convenient (convenience) for me to go back to receive the laptop at home.
4．Lost in the city，we tried to find a sign indicating (indicate) the direction of the new stadium.
5．Listening is an active，not a passive，behavior consisting(consist) of hearing，understanding and remembering.
6．This coat would be more practical (practice) for colder weather，but I think the other one is so much more attractive.
7．The government is thinking about banning smoking(smoke) on public transport.
8．As the final examinations draw near，students begin to occupy themselves (they) with the review of the term's work.
9．Up to now，many factories have_replaced(replace) most of their workers with robots.
10．I want to know what led you to_take (take) up acting as a career.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Man differs from animals in his ability to speak.
2．The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.
3．We all know that Yuan Longping is distinguished for his scientific achievements.
4．I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That's why I got wet all over.
5．The research team abroad consists of 50 people.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．We can come to the conclusion (conclude) that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.
2．Whether he could get the support from his parents made a great difference to the plan.
3．What's more，she represented the school to_attend (attend) the English Debating.
4．In China，the Chinese knots stand for friendship，love and good luck.
5．It is of great importance for college students to master a foreign language.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①除了英国外，美国、澳大利亚也对英语的发展做出了重大贡献。
Aside_from_Britain，the USA and Australia also have_made_great_ contributions_to the development of English.
②他们的英语互不相同。他们不会被误解。
Their English differs_from each other.They can't be_mistaken.
③英语是很多国家的官方语言之一。它在国际交流中起着非常重要的作用。
English is one_of_the_official_languages in many countries.It plays_an_ important_part_in the international communication.
④可以肯定的是大部分的科学成果是用英语写的。学好英语是很必要的。
It is_certain_that most scientific achievements are in English.It is_necessary _to_learn English well.
⑤很多网站都使用英语。
Many websites are in_English.
⑥现在学英语很方便。
It is_convenient_to_learn it now.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用though引导让步状语从句升级1中的句②
Though_their_English_differs_from_each_other，they_can't_be_mistaken.
(2)利用which引导非限制性定语从句升级1中的句③
English_is_one_of_the_official_languages_in_many_countries，which_plays_an _important_part_in_the_international_communication.
(3)利用连词so升级1中的句④
It_is_certain_that_most_scientific_achievements_are_in_English_so_it_is_necessary_to_learn_English_well.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in fact，therefore)
Aside from Britain，the USA and Australia also have made great contributions to the development of English.In fact，though their English differs from each other，they can't be mistaken.English is one of the official languages in many countries，which plays an important part in the international communication.It is certain that most scientific achievements are in English so it is necessary to learn English well.Many websites are in English.Therefore，it is convenient to learn it now.


三言
两语
1.I'm writing to invite you to the Chinese Traditional Culture Fair to be held by our school at the Art Center this Friday afternoon，from 2：00 p．m.to 5：00 p．m.
2．I often turn to the website EnjoyReading for help，where I read a great number of articles about English and Western culture.
3．It is different kinds of foods and snacks that give you the chance to experience abundant Chinese food culture.
1.我知道你喜欢中国画这里有一条好消息要告诉你。
I know you love Chinese paintings. Here_is_a_piece_of_good_news for you.
2．我一直盼望去美国，主要有两个原因。其一是我能够体验美国文化，它被认为是世界上最多样化的。其二是我能够在这个发达国家开拓视野。
I've_been_longing_to_go to America，mainly for two reasons.One is that I can experience American culture，which_is_believed_to_be the most diverse in the world.The other is that_I_can_broaden_my_horizons in this developed country.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．pour vi.涌流，倾泻vt.倒出(液体)
2．complain vi.抱怨
3．decorate vt. 装饰，装潢
4．found vt. 兴建，创建
5．erupt vi. (火山等)爆发
6．fortunate adj.幸运的
7．flee vt.& vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开
8．ruin n. 废墟；毁坏 vt. 破坏，毁灭
9．ahead adv.(时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先
10．poison n. 毒药，毒物 vt. 毒害，下毒
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·北京卷)Although she founded (found) her company early on in life，she wasn't driven primarily by profit.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining (ruin) the atmosphere of peace?
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)By the time the group got up to leave，it was_pouring(pour) outside.
4．We should strictly and voluntarily obey traffic rules，stopping at the red light rather than complaining (complain) about traffic jams.
5．The enemy soldiers fled/were_fleeing (flee) in all directions when they were attacked.
6．The explosion of the chemical plant has_poisoned(poison) more than 20 local residents so far.
拓展单词
1.explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸，爆发
2.declare vt.宣布，宣称→declaration n．宣告；宣言；申报
3.judge v．判断；审判 n．法官，审判员；裁判员→judgement n．判断；判决
4.aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的→awareness n．认识，意识
5.educate vt.教育→education n．教育，培养→educator n．教育者，教育家
6.destroy vt.毁坏，摧毁→destruction n．破坏，毁灭→destructive adj.破坏性的，毁灭性的
7.remain vt.& vi.遗留，剩余；继续存在→remaining adj.剩余的→remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Under the pressure of the public，the judges had to change their judgement at last; the murderer was sentenced to death.(judge)
2.As far as I'm aware，more and more people have an awareness of the importance of eating a healthy diet.(aware)
3.He got little education because of poverty，so he always educates his children to value the chance of study.(educate)
4.Due to the destructive hurricane，lots of villages were destroyed and many people were left homeless.(destroy)
5.A bomb exploded in the market and the explosion was heard a mile away.(explode)
6.It's declared that both sides agree to stop fighting.They are required to obey the declaration forever.(declare)
7.She devoted her remaining years to studying the remains of the Yuanmingyuan.(remain)
阅读单词
1.extreme adj.极度的；极端的
2.ceremony n．仪式，典礼
3.sandstorm n．沙尘暴，风沙
4.disaster n．灾难
5.material n．材料；物质 adj.物质的
6.statue n．雕像，雕塑
7.commercial adj.商业的，贸易的
8.volcano n．火山
9.carrier n. 航空母舰，运输设备；运输公司

1．(2017·天津卷)There were also signs that I was headed down the right path.vt.带领
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When I arrived，I saw a 2­to 3­week­old owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.n. 临时庇护处或简易的窝

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.take_over 夺取；接管
2．no_doubt 无疑，确实
3．pour_out 涌出
4．carry_out 实施；执行
5．take_part_in 参加
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
There was ①no doubt that David took ②over the company when his father retired.All the board members attended the meeting yesterday，and David delivered the keynote address.He made them aware of the determination that he would carry ③out his duty faithfully.

6.focus_on 集中(精力)于
7．turn_out 结果是，证明是
8．break_down 毁掉；身体垮掉
9．together_with 与……一起
10．have_enough_of 对……感到厌烦
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
There will be times when you meet with disappointment and have enough ④of your present life.Life won't always turn ⑤out the way you want.This is just another thing you'll have to learn to deal with.But instead of letting you break ⑥down，push on.Accept disappointment and focus ⑦on pursuing your dreams.

11.rise_up_against 起义，反抗
12．in_memory_of 纪念
13．stand_in_one's_path 阻碍(某人)
14．come_down_with 患(病)
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
In my hometown，there was a statue set up ⑧in memory of a brave officer calling on the villagers to rise up ⑨against the enemies during World War Ⅱ.Even though he came down ⑩with a serious illness，he never let it stand in⑪his path.He was a hero in the hearts of the villagers.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.介词短语位于句首引起的全部倒装
Near the city was a volcano.
(2017·北京卷·满分作文)一个美丽的现代都市——泰安坐落于泰山脚下。
At_the_foot_of_Mount_Tai_sits/lies a beautiful modern city — Tai'an.
2.It turns/turned out that...原来……；结果……
It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash.
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)结果只是看绿色的、正在生长中的东西就可以减少压力，降低血压，并使人们心情好。
It_turns_out_that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪)．

3.动名词的复合结构
The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sand—what a pity！
(2019·江苏卷)他站在钢琴旁，闭上眼睛，第一次听别人演奏自己的作品。
He stood by the piano，eyes closed，listening for the first time to his_own_work_being_played by someone else.

1．pour vi.涌流，倾泻；(雨)倾盆而下 vt.倒出(液体)；涌出
pour in 涌进
pour into 涌进……；使灌入
pour out (of...) (从……)倒出/涌出；倾诉
pour down (雨)倾盆而下

pour oil on the fire 火上浇油
pour out his trouble to her 向她倾诉他的苦恼
pour out in crowds 成群地涌出来
pour a large sum of money into the project 把大笔资金投入了这项工程

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down.
②People pour into big department stores when they have a sales drive.
[能力提升]——完成句子
他把牛奶从瓶子里倒入玻璃杯，然后喝光了。
He poured_milk_out_of_the_bottle_into_the_glass and drank it up.
2．ruin n．[C] (pl.) 废墟，遗迹；[U]毁坏，毁灭，崩溃 vt.破坏，毁灭；使破产
(1)in ruins 成为废墟
fall/come into ruin 被破坏了，被毁了
bring...to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产
(2)ruin oneself毁掉自己
ruin one's health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途

ruin your bright future/bring your bright future to ruin毁掉你的美好前途
leave the town in ruins 使这个城镇化为废墟
the ruin of his hopes他的希望的破灭

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins(ruin)．
②In some places，roads built to help farmers fall into ruin.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)It rained for two weeks and it completely ruined our holiday.
①(高级表达)It rained for two weeks，which_completely_ruined_our_holiday. (用非限制性定语从句)
②(高级表达)It rained for two weeks，completely_ruining_our_holiday.(用现在分词作状语)
3．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸；剩余物
(1)the remains of...……的遗迹/残留
(2)remain v．留下；仍然是
remain＋
It remains to be seen...尚不确定……，还说不准……

the remains of several dinosaurs 几具恐龙遗骸
remain in one's mind 留在记忆中
remain to accompany you 留下来陪你
remain firm in (the) face of the enemy在敌人面前始终很坚定

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The poor man ate the remains (remain) of the dishes hurriedly.
②The remaining (remain) twenty patients were transferred to another hospital.
③The guests came in，but she remained seated(seat) at the desk reading.
④It remains to_be_seen(see) whether she'll be fit enough to play in the finals.
[能力提升]——完成句子
我们学校将建一个新图书馆的消息是否真实还有待证实。
It_remains_to_be_seen_whether_the_news that a new library will be built in our school is true.
[名师点津]　remaining常作前置定语，表示“剩余的，剩下的”，而left常作后置定语。如：the money left＝the remaining money剩下的钱。
4．complain vi.抱怨
(1)complain (to sb.) about/of sth./that...(向某人)抱怨……
complain of sth.诉说谋事
complain against/about 投诉；申诉
(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉
make a complaint against/about...对……进行投诉

make a formal complaint against your delivery service 对您的送货服务正式投诉
complain of severe stomach pains 说肚子很疼
complain about working overtime 因加班而抱怨

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
The terrible food was complained about to the nurse.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我写此信意在投诉你这一个宾馆的服务。
①I am now writing to_complain_against/about the service of your hotel. (complain)
②I am now writing to_make_a_complaint_against/about the service of your hotel.(complaint)
5．flee vt.& vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开
flee some place 逃离某地
flee to some place 逃到某地
flee from (＝escape from) 从……逃离

fled across the border to escape the fighting 为了躲避战争逃过了国境线
be forced to flee the country 被迫逃往国外
flee from hate，mischief and jealousy远离仇恨、伤害与嫉妒

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
Everyone fled from the burning building when the fire alarm sounded.
[能力提升]——完成句子
轰炸开始时，人们逃到了安全地带。
When the bombing started，people fled_to_the_safe_place.
6．declare vt.宣布，宣称；宣告；声明
declare sb./sth.to be...宣布某人或某事是……
declare for/against 表示赞成/反对……
declare war (on/against) (向……)宣战
declare that...宣布……

declare him to be the winner 宣布他为获胜者
declare his true feelings to her 向她表明他的真实感情
declare for improving the public bus system宣布同意改进公共汽车系统

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①What is known to us is that the Chinese government has declared against terrorism openly.
②The court declared the accused to_be(be) innocent.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)The contract has been declared to be illegal.
(高级表达)It_has_been_declared_that the contract is illegal.
7．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的
(1)be aware that...知道……；意识到……
be/become aware of 知道/意识到
as far as I am aware 就我所知
make sb.aware of 使某人意识到
(2)raise awareness of 提高对……的认识
(3)unaware adj.不知道的，没察觉到的

make people more aware of these problems 让人更加意识到这些问题
be well aware of the dangers 十分清楚这些危险
raise awareness of the dangers of passive smoking 提高对被动吸烟的危害的认识

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I took part in a group activity called “Sensitivity Sunday”，which was to make us more aware of the problems faced by disabled people.
②We should try to raise people's awareness(aware) of environmental protection.
[能力提升]——句式升级
①(普通表达)To his relief，his parents are aware of his innocence.
(高级表达) To his relief，his parents are aware that_he_is_innocent.
②(普通表达)As far as I know，the invitations to the party have all been sent.
(高级表达)As_far_as_I_am_aware，the invitations to the party have all been sent.(aware)
[名师点津]　aware表示“意识到(觉察到)某情况”时，其后总是接介词of。而且aware是表语形容词，故不要将其用于名词前作定语；加强语气时可用well，fully，very much，much等修饰，但不能用very。
8．judge n．法官，审判员；裁判员 v．判断；审判；裁判
(1)judge...from/by...根据……来判断……
judge sb./sth.to be...判断某人/事是……
so/as far as I can judge 依我判断
(2)judging by/from...根据……来判断
(3)in one's judgement依某人看来

judge whether what she is doing is right or wrong 评判她做的是对还是错
judge his own performance against others' performance对照他人的表现来判断他自己的表现
judge between right and wrong判断是非

[基础练习]——语段语法填空
Judging from what he said，he must be an honest man.On the contrary，he often robs and steals，so the judge pointed out that a man should not be_judged only by his looks.In my judgement，what he said is reasonable.(judge)
[能力提升]——一句多译
依我判断，这本书内容相当准确。
①So/As_far_as_I_can_judge，the book is remarkably accurate.(judge)
②In_my_judgement，the book is remarkably accurate.(judgement)
③My_judgement_is_that the book is remarkably accurate.(judgement)
[名师点津]　judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响。
9．take over夺取，占据；接替；接管
take up 拿起；占用；开始(从事)
take off 起飞；脱掉(衣服等)；开始获得成功
take in 吸收；欺骗；理解
take down 记录下来；拆除
take on 承担；呈现；雇用

took over his work after his departure他离开后接替他的工作
take two years over this book 花两年写这本书
take up much of your time 占用你很多时间

[基础练习]——写出下列句中take over的含义
①In 89 BC，the Romans took over Pompeii.It then became a rich city.夺取，占据
②Our manager told me that I would take over the job as branch manager next month.接替；接管
[能力提升]——完成句子
技术是用来帮助我们的，但我们不应该让它接管我们的生活。
Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to_take_over_our_ lives.
10.no doubt 无疑，确定
(1)There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether...怀疑是否……
without doubt 毫无疑问
(2)don't doubt that...不用怀疑……
doubt whether/if...怀疑/不相信是否……

doubt the truth of this statement怀疑这种说法是否符合事实
doubt what he said 不相信他说的话
be the best nurse in the hospital without doubt 无疑是那家医院最优秀的护士

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①There's some doubt whether he has the ability to do the job.
②You can complain，but I doubt if/whether it will make any difference.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)Certainly I can fulfill the task ahead of schedule.
①(高级表达)There_is_no_doubt_that/No_doubt I can fulfill the task ahead of schedule.
②(高级表达)I can fulfill the task ahead of schedule without_doubt.
[名师点津]　①doubt作动词讲时，在肯定句中接if/whether引导的宾语从句；在疑问句和否定句中接that引导的宾语从句。
②当doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中接whether引导的同位语从句；在否定句中后跟that引导的同位语从句。
11．(教材P43) The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the_city_being_buried_by_sand—what a pity！这片沙漠曾经是绿树成荫的绿洲，但这些树被砍伐殆尽，导致这座城市被沙尘掩埋——多么遗憾啊！
[句型公式]　句中resulted in后面的宾语the city being buried by sand是动名词的复合结构。city与bury之间存在被动关系，故用being buried。
在动名词复合结构中，用普通格或所有格，一般遵循下列原则：
(1)若动名词复合结构作主语，则其逻辑主语用名词的所有格或物主代词。
(2)若动名词复合结构作宾语或表语，当其逻辑主语指人时，则该逻辑主语用普通格或所有格均可。当其逻辑主语是无生命的事物，则名词要用普通格。
[金句推送]　(2018·天津卷·满分作文) I believe your joining our team will benefit us a lot.我相信你加入我们的团队会使我们受益匪浅。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The new evidence led to the thief being_caught(catch)．
②I can't imagine Tom making(make) such a mistake.
[能力提升]——一句多译
约翰上学又迟到了让他的老师很生气。
①John's_being_late_for_school_again made his teacher very angry.(动名词复合结构)
②It made his teacher very angry that_John_was_late_for_school_again.(主语从句)
12．(教材P43) It_turns_out_that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash.原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。
[句型公式]　句中It turns out that...表示“原来是……；结果是……”。
It turns/turned out that...原来是……；结果是……
It turns/turned out to be...原来是……；结果是……
sb./sth.turns/turned out to be...某人或某物原来是……；某人或某物结果是……
[金句推送] 　The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.
原来这本书350多年来一直吸引着全世界的人。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It turned out that his brother died of a sudden heart attack.
②He said he was a doctor，but later he turned out to_be(be) a cheat.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)The job turned out to be harder than we thought.
(高级表达)It_turned_out_that the job was harder than we thought.
[名师点津]　本句型后接that从句时，句首的it不可用别的词代替；但是如果后面接不定式时，主语可根据实际需要确定。如：The day turned out (to be) a fine day.那天倒是好天气。

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．The judge declared (declare) that the young man was guilty of an attempted murder，while he himself insisted that he was innocent.
2．In recent years，a great deal of rubbish has_been_poured (pour) into the river，which smells terrible.
3．The whole city lay in ruins(ruin) after the earthquake，which made us lying awake all night.
4．The Chinese Communist Party was_founded (found) on July 1,1921.
5．His (he) not getting to the station on time made all of us worried.
6．If your awareness (aware) is as sharp as it could be，you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
7．He wasn't allowed to go to the cinema，for a lot of work remained to_be_done (do)．
8．Judging (judge) from the book I have read，I think he is a very promising writer.
9．What worried the child most was his not being_allowed(allow) to visit his mother in hospital.
10．I can't go out with all these dishes to_wash (wash)．
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．An accident happened on the way home last night，but the driver fled from the scene.
2．The research showed beyond doubt that smoking contributes to heart disease.
3．When Mr.Green retired，his son took over the business from him.
4．Those who are going through the unpleasant time often complain about how hard their lives are.
5．A ten­foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life.
2．I thought we'd be late for the concert，but we ended up getting there ahead of time.
3．Doctors say anger can be an extremely (extreme) harmful emotion，unless you learn how to deal with it.
4．I went to a workshop and gradually (gradual) got good at making things with clay (黏土)．
5．As a world cultural (culture) relic，the Great Wall needs protection from both Chinese people and foreign tourists，a company manager said.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①根据文献判断，古代的人兴建了很多著名的建筑物。
Judging_from the historical document，people in ancient times built_many_ famous_buildings.
②有些逐渐成为废墟。另外一些至今仍然存在。
Some of them gradually_fall_into_ruin.Others remain today.
③为了纪念这些逝去的文明，有些已经重建或修复。
In_memory_of_these_lost_civilizations，some of them have been rebuilt or repaired.
④由于像沙尘暴这样的自然灾害，这些仍然存在的建筑遭受到很大的破坏。
Because there are natural_disasters_like_sandstorms，the_remaining_buildings_ are_greatly_destroyed.
⑤很多学者在寻找方法保护这些文化遗产。
Many scholars are looking for solutions_to_protect_these_cultural_remains.
⑥越来越多的人意识到这些文化遗产的重大意义。他们加入到保护它们的行列中。
More and more people are_aware_that the cultural relics are_of_great_ significance.They join to protect them.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用连词while升级1中的句②
Some_of_them_gradually_fall_into_ruin_while_others_remain_today.
(2)利用because of升级1中的句④
Because_of_natural_disasters_like_sandstorms，the_remaining_buildings_are _greatly_destroyed.
(3)利用连词and升级1中的句⑥
More_and_more_people_are_aware_that_the_cultural_relics_are_of_great_significance_and_join_to_protect_them.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：unfortunately，therefore，to our delight)
Judging from the historical document，people in ancient times built many famous buildings.Unfortunately，some of them gradually fall into ruin while others remain today.In memory of these lost civilizations，some of them have been rebuilt or repaired.Because of natural disasters like sandstorms，the remaining buildings are greatly destroyed.Therefore，many scholars are looking for solutions to protect these cultural remains.To our delight，more and more people are aware that the cultural relics are of great significance and join to protect them.


三言
两语
1.Though an ad has brought us great convenience，it troubles us a lot at the same time.
2．Wherever you go，whatever you see and whenever you look，you will easily find there are many ads around you，such as toy ads on TV，food ads on computers，etc.
3．If you feel that I am suited for the job，please inform me of the time of an interview at your convenience.
1.在今天的《中国日报》上读过你们招聘秘书的广告后，我想应聘这个职位。
After reading_the_ad_for_a_secretary in today's China Daily，I want to_apply_for_the_position.
2．你们在4月10日《学生日报》上刊登的招聘网络工程师的广告令我感兴趣，因为你们描述的职位听起来正是我要寻找的。
Your ad for a network engineer in the April 10th Student Daily interests me because_the_position_that_you_describe_sounds_exactly_like_the_kind_of_job_I_am_seeking.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．design vt.& n．设计
2．recommend vt.推荐；建议，劝告；介绍
3．aim vt.& vi.以……为目标；瞄准 n．目的，目标
4．appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁，恳请 n．吸引力；呼吁，恳求
5．bargain n．便宜货；协议 vi.讨价还价
6．advertise vt.& vi.做广告，宣传
7．urge vt.敦促，力劝；竭力主张 n．强烈的欲望，冲动
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·天津卷) Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially designed (design) to help them succeed academically and personally.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) Our hosts shared many of their experiences and recommended (recommend) wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.
3．(2019·北京卷) Earth Day，marked on 22 April，is an annual event aiming (aim) to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
4．My mother is always urging(urge) me to do my homework as quickly as possible.
5．The trade union bargained(bargain) that its members should have another week's holiday.
6．The next day，an earnest editor wrote an editorial.He appealed(appeal) to everyone to help each other.
拓展单词
1．consult vt.咨询；请教→consultant n．顾问
2．benefit vt.& vi.使受益；得益于 n．益处；奖金；救济金→beneficial adj.有益的，有帮助的
3．persuade vt.说服，劝说；使信服→persuasive adj.有说服力的；劝诱的→persuasion n．劝说，说服(力)
4．shock n．震惊，惊愕 vt.使震惊，使惊愕→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的
5．determine vt.确定，查明；决定；裁决→determined adj.坚决的，果断的，有决心的→determination n．决心，果断
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．He tried to persuade her but failed.It appeared that his persuasion wasn't persuasive at all.(persuade)
2．Cycling is highly beneficial to our health.That is to say，we can get much benefit from cycling.(benefit)
3．He was shocked at the shocking news，for I could see his shocked look on his face.(shock)
4．She is a determined girl，so we know that once she has_determined to do something，she will make her dream come true with great determination.(determine)
5．There are some consultants in our club.If you have any question，you can consult them without delay.(consult)
阅读单词
1．cancer n．癌症
2．campaign n．运动(为了某种目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动)
3．software n．软件
4．aspect n．方面；层面
5．target n．目标；靶子vt.瞄准；以……为 目标
6．update vt.& n．更新；使现代化；提供最新信息
7．media n．大众传播媒介，大众传播工具
8．mental adj.心理的；思想的；精神的；智力的
9．motto n．座右铭；格言，箴言
10．yummy adj.味道好的，好吃的

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults.vt. 通告；告知
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.vt. 意图
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Through the years，I'd run into former students who would provide updates on old classmates.n.最新消息
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.n.强烈的愿望，迫切的要求

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.be_meant_to 旨在，目的是
2．in_advance 提前
3．deal_with 涉及，关于；处理，应付
4．discourage_sb.from...劝阻某人……
5．play_tricks_on 欺骗；捉弄
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
When it comes to advertisements，we know that public­interest advertisements are meant ①to serve the public.They don't play tricks ②on us，but deal ③with widespread social concerns.They aim to teach us and help us lead better lives.

6.for_free 免费
7．get_sth.across 把……表达清楚
8．fool_sb.into_doing_sth.欺骗某人做某事
9．fall_for 上……的当，受……的骗
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
More and more cheats have focused their eyes on the elderly.They fool the old people ④into buying what are called health care products.Even if their children have got the truth ⑤across to the old，some of them still fall ⑥for the cheats.

10.believe_in 相信
11．die_from 死于……
12．figure_out 弄清楚，弄懂；计算出
13．appeal_to 吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁
14．be_concerned_about 关心；挂念
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Our class did market research on smoking several days ago，and all of us were amazed by the fact that so many people die ⑦from diseases related to smoking.We are so concerned ⑧about it that we are determined to launch a campaign to appeal ⑨to people to stop smoking.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.even if/though引导让步状语从句
Even if an ad does not lie，it does not mean it is altogether innocent.
(2019·浙江卷) 尽管所有的音乐团体都有一种共同的精神，但他们演奏的音乐却截然不同。
Even_if/though_there_is_a_common_spirit among all music groups，they make very different music.
2.when it comes to...“当谈及……的时候”
When it comes to advertisements，we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them！
(2019·江苏卷)我们非常喜欢自己的高智商，以至于我们认为当谈及到脑力时，越多越好。
We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when_it_comes_to_brain_power，more must be better.
3.“疑问词＋不定式”结构
There are even PSAs to teach us how to live healthy lives.
(2019·江苏卷·写作佳句)在迎接英国学生时穿什么服装， 李江和苏华意见不一。
Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what_to_wear when greeting the British students.

1．persuade vt.说服，劝说；使信服
persuade sb.to do sth./into doing sth.说服某人做某事
persuade sb.not to do sth./out of doing sth.说服某人不要做某事
persuade sb.of sth./persuade sb.that...使某人相信……

persuade the government of the need for change 使政府相信需要变革
persuade the studio to let him make the film 说服了电影公司让他来拍摄这部影片
be persuaded into buying an expensive dress 被说服买了一条昂贵的连衣裙

[基础练习]——语段语法填空
The other day，my husband tried to persuade me not to_buy(buy) that coat as he thought it was too long.However，the assistant tried hard to persuade me of its good quality and fashionable style.Therefore，I couldn't help being_persuaded_(persuade) to buy it.So you can see how easy it is to persuade a woman into buying(buy) the things that aren't suitable for her.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)We finally persuaded him of the truth of the story.
(高级表达)We finally persuaded_him_that_the_story_is_true.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)
[名师点津]　persuade sb.to do sth.表示“说服某人做某事”；若表示“试图说服某人做某事而未涉及结果”时，则用try to persuade sb.to do sth.或advise sb.to do sth.。
2．aim vt.& vi.以…… 为目标；瞄准，对准；旨在 n．目标，目的；瞄准
(1)aim at sb./sth.瞄准；对准
be aimed at (doing) sth.旨在(做)某事
aim to do sth.＝aim at doing sth.力求做某事
(2)take aim at...瞄准……；对准……
with the aim of...目的是……
(3)aimless adj.无目的的
aimlessly(＝without aim) adv. 无目的地

aim at becoming a doctor 立志做一名医生
work hard to achieve your aim 努力实现你的目标
with the aim of helping local people 目的是为了帮助当地人
take aim at the target瞄准目标

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷) All our projects aim to_promote (promote) the development of poor and remote communities.
②(2019·北京卷) Taking advantage of the new technologies，scammers can aim at victims precisely.
③Jane moved aimlessly(aimless) down the tree­lined street，not knowing where she was heading.
[能力提升]——一句多译
这项活动的目的是提高学生的听说能力。
①This activity is_aimed_at_improving students' ability of listening and speaking. (aim v．)
②The_aim_of_this_activity_is_to_improve students' ability of listening and speaking.(aim n．)
3．benefit vt.& vi.使受益；得益于 n．益处；救济金；奖金
(1)benefit from(＝get benefit from) 从……中获益
(2)be of benefit to...对……有益
for the benefit of sb.(＝for one's benefit) 为了某人的利益
(3)be beneficial to...对……有益

the benefits of living in the country住在乡村的好处
bring considerable benefits to the area 为该地区带来相当大的好处
do this for the benefit of the patients 这样做是为了病人的利益
be of great benefit to you both 对你们俩都非常有益

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①A large number of students will benefit from the new teaching method.
②It was for the benefit of your company that we did that.
[能力提升]——一句多译
这个新规定对所有相关的人都有好处。
①The new regulation will be_of_benefit_to everyone concerned.(benefit n．)
②The new regulation will benefit everyone concerned.(benefit vt.)
③Everyone concerned will benefit_from the new regulation.(benefit vi.)
④The new regulation will be_beneficial_to everyone concerned.(beneficial)
[名师点津]　benefit作为及物动词，其宾语总是“受益者”，而不能是所受的“益处”。要表示“受益于某事(物)”，英语习惯上用benefit from sth.。
4．consult vt.咨询；请教；商量
consult sb.about sth.向某人咨询某事
consult with sb.about/on sth.与某人商量某事，与某人磋商某事
consult a dictionary/a map 查阅字典/查看地图

consult quite widely before deciding what to do在决定做什么之前进行相当广泛的咨询
consult my teacher about changing my course 向老师咨询我更改选课的事
consult with my colleagues on the proposals 和我的同事商讨这些建议

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Consult your doctor about how much exercise you should attempt.
②After consulting with her daughter and manager，she decided to take on the part.
③Before going on a diet，it is advisable to_consult(consult) a doctor.
[能力提升]——完成句子
他经常去办公室向老师请教学习英语的方法。
He often goes to the office to_consult_his_teacher_about the method of learning English.
[名师点津]　consult作“请教；咨询；查阅”解时，是及物动词；作“商量”解时，多用作不及物动词，后跟with sb.。
[联想发散]　关于“查字典”的表达方式还有：refer to a dictionary; look up a word in a dictionary等。
5．recommend vt.推荐；建议，劝告；介绍
(1)recommend sth.to sb.(＝recommend sb.sth.) 向某人推荐某物
recommend sb.as...推荐某人担任(某职务)
(2)recommend that sb.(should) do sth.＝recommend (one's) doing sth.＝recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
it's recommended that sb.(should) do sth.有人建议某人做某事

recommend me a good book 给我介绍一本好书
recommend this book to anyone interested in food 把这本书推荐给任何对饮食感兴趣的人
recommend trying a new medicine建议试服一种新药
recommended her own daughter as an excellent secretary自荐她的女儿是个极好的秘书

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It is such a great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of mine who is going to Beijing.
②He recommended the young man to our firm as a salesman.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我建议你在做任何决定之前要认真考虑。
①I recommend_your_thinking carefully before you make any decision. (recommend one's doing sth.)
②I recommend_you_to_think carefully before you make any decision. (recommend sb.to do sth.)
③I recommend_that_you_(should)_think carefully before you make any decision. (recommend＋that从句)
6．determine vt.确定，查明；决定；裁决
(1)determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事
determine (sb.) to do sth.(使某人)决定做某事(表示动作)
determine＋从句决定……
(2)be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)with determination坚决地；果断地

determine the exact cause of the illness 断定致病的确切原因
determine me to drink and smoke no more使我决定不再抽烟喝酒
determine on/upon going to the countryside after graduation 决定毕业后到农村去
be determined to give up smoking 决定戒烟

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Determined(determine) to study hard，he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor to read at night.
②I have determined on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)I have decided to spend my holiday at home.
①(高级表达)I have determined on/upon_spending_my_holiday at home.
②(高级表达)I am determined to_spend_my_holiday at home.
③(高级表达)I have determined that I_will_spend_my_holiday at home.
[名师点津]　determined to do sth.常以状语形式出现，类似结构还有：faced with; satisfied with; lost in; caught in; absorbed in; devoted to; buried in; convinced that...等。
7．appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁，恳请 n．吸引力；呼吁，恳求
(1)appeal to 呼吁；上诉；恳求；对……有吸引力，使……感兴趣
appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事
appeal to sb.for sth.为某事而向某人呼吁
(2)make an appeal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事
(3)appealing adj. 吸引人的；引起兴趣的

have much appeal for me 对我有很大的吸引力
appeal for mercy/sympathy请求宽恕/同情
appeal to the public for information about the crime 呼吁公众提供与该案有关的消息
appeal to his countrymen not to lose heart呼吁他的同胞不要丧失信心

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Sport has become an important form of entertainment，appealing to both men and women.
②We appealed to all students and teachers to_keep (keep) the environment clean and to make our school a beautiful home.
[能力提升]——一句多译
为建造这座桥，我们呼吁村民捐款。
①We appealed_to_the_villagers_for_money to build the bridge.(appeal v．)
②We made_an_appeal_to_the_villagers_to_donate_money to build the bridge. (appeal n．)
8．urge vt.敦促，力劝；竭力主张 n．强烈的欲望，冲动
(1)urge sb.to do/into doing sth.敦促/力劝某人做某事
urge that...(should) do...敦促/主张……做……
have an/the urge to do sth.渴望做某事
It's urged that...(should) do sth.坚决要求……
(2)urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的
urgency n. 紧急情况

urged the necessity for immediate action 极力主张马上采取必要的行动
urge him to go ahead with his plan敦促他实施他的计划
have an urge to become a film star 渴望当一名电影明星

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We all have the urge to_possess(possess) something that
has aesthetic value，and that is why we treasure paintings or fine furniture.
②The attack added a new urgency(urgent) to the peace talks.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达) Our teacher urges us to study hard with the final exam drawing near.
(高级表达) Our teacher urges that we_(should)_study_hard，as the final exam is drawing near.
9．be meant to旨在，目的是
(1)be meant to do sth.(＝be intended to do sth.) 旨在做某事，目的是做某事
be meant for(＝be intended for) 打算用作……；为……打算的
(2)mean to do sth.打算做某事
had meant to do sth.本打算做某事
mean sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事

be meant for average users适用于普通用户
be meant to reduce your pain旨在减轻你的痛苦
had meant to leave on Monday 本想星期一走

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I've been meaning to_ask(ask) you if you want to come for a meal next week.
②What he said doesn't mean trying(try) to figure out what's wrong with the other person.
[能力提升]——一句多译
(1)我本想告诉你这件事的，可是我忘记了。
①I had meant to_tell_you_about_it，but I forgot to do so.
②I had intended to tell you_about_it，but I forgot to do so.
(2)这些广告旨在提高公司的形象。
①The advertisements are_meant_to_improve the company's image.(mean)
②The advertisements are_intended_to_improve the company's image.(intend)
10．deal with 涉及，关于；对待；处理，应付，解决；与……打交道，做生意；探讨
deal in做……生意；经营；买卖
make a deal达成协议；做成交易
It's a deal.成交；一言为定。
a great/good deal of许多；大量(后接不可数名词)
a great/good deal许多；大量(用作主语、宾语或状语)

deal in men's clothing经营男士服装
deal with a man as he deals with you以其人之道还治其人之身
make a deal with you on how to solve the labor dispute和你就如何解决劳资纠纷达成协议

[基础练习]——写出下列句中deal with的含义
①I have had a good idea to deal with the problem about air pollution.解决，处理
②Decks has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years.对付，应付
③It's said that his latest book deals with children's safety at school.涉及，关于
④It is important to learn to use the related trade rules while dealing with foreign companies.与……打交道，做生意
[能力提升]——一句多译
他不知道如何处理这个问题。
①He doesn't know how_to_deal_with this problem.(deal)
②He doesn't know what_to_do_with this problem.(do)
[名师点津]　deal with和do with均可表示“处理；对待”，与疑问词一起使用时，前者常与how连用，后者常与what连用。
11．get sth.across (to sb.) 将(想法、信息等)传达(给某人)；使理解；把……表达清楚
get away with 侥幸成功；(做坏事)不受到惩罚
get along with 与……相处；进展
get through 通过；完成；打通电话；度过
get away from 逃离，摆脱，避免
get down to 开始认真做，开始认真处理
get over 克服，战胜

get across the river 过河
get the idea across to the class 使班上学生了解这一概念
get down to studying English this term 这学期开始认真学英语

[基础练习]——写出下列句中get across的含义
①It took me an hour to get across my intention to her.将(想法、信息等)传达(给某人)
②I spoke slowly but I can't get my meaning across.使理解；把……表达清楚
[能力提升]——完成句子
如果你的论文中使用太多的专业术语，读者就不好理解。
Your paper wouldn't get_across_to_readers if you used too many technical terms in it.
12．(教材P2) Even_if_an_ad_does_not_lie，it does not mean it is altogether innocent.即使一则广告没有撒谎，也并不意味着这则广告就是完全“清白”的。
[句型公式]　even if“尽管，即使”，用来引导让步状语从句，可用even though替换。
even if/though所引导的从句常用一般现在时表将来。在主从句主语相同时，也可采用省略结构。
[金句推送]　(2018·江苏卷·写作佳句) Even if/though the rating has brought us convenience，there are still some problems that we will have to face.即使评级给我们带来了方便，但我们仍然要面对一些问题。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①So even if it is(be) hard at the time，I'll try to get things done that day and not to let them go.
②He won't come to our party even if invited (invite)．
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)Even if/though he is laughed at，he won't give up his dream.
(高级表达)Even_if/though_laughed_at，he won't give up his dream.(省略结构)
13．(教材P3) There are even PSAs to teach us how_to_live_healthy_lives.甚至还有一些公益广告教我们如何健康地生活。
[句型公式]　句中how to live healthy lives为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。
(1)“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词(who，what，which)和疑问副词(when，where，how)。
(2)能接“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语的常见动词有：advise，ask，consider，decide，discuss，tell，show等。
(3)在“疑问代词＋不定式”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。
(4)“疑问词＋不定式”结构可转换为从句。
[金句推送] 　It seemed an unending journey，but even as a six­year­old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors.
这似乎是一个没有尽头的旅程，但即使作为一个六岁的小女孩，我也意识到，懂得如何阅读可以打开许多扇门。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①There were so many toys that he didn't know which one to choose.
②Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how to_survive(survive) without friends.
③It is my honor to be here to share my opinions with you on what to learn in senior high school.
[能力提升]——一句多译
这个男孩太小，不知道在困境中该做什么。
①The boy is too young to know what_to_do in trouble.
②The boy is too young to know what_he_should_do in trouble.(宾语从句)

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded to_eat(eat) more fruit and vegetables.
2．If this product does not give you complete satisfaction，please return it to the manufacturer，stating when it is_purchased (purchase)．
3．The government is appealing to everyone to__save (save) water.
4．Pleased (please) with the effect of the color change，the woman smiled with satisfaction.
5．His determined (determine) look told us that he could do it well.
6．They should abandon playing computer games and cheating (cheat) in the exams.
7．The project aims to_get (get) kids a stage called “deep reading”，where they can read to learn.
8．My mother always urges me to_do (do) my homework as quick as possible.
9．I had_meant (mean) to consult him，but he was on business then.
10．I found a book on how to_avoid(avoid) having a second heart attack.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．When we make a deal with others to meet at some places we shall be there on time or earlier.
2．It is recommended that you should consult your doctor about/on your illness.
3．I had created a way to get my messages across while using as few words as possible.
4．It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，which has been of great benefit to all of us.
5．As a retired ear doctor，I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．The shock of losing my purse cured me of all my former absent­mindedness.
2．The programme is designed to_help (help) people who have been out of work for a long time.
3．They put an advertisement (advertise) in The Morning News，offering a high salary for the right person.
4．While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted/promotion (promote)，Henry did his best to perform his duty.
5．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)E­mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated(update) about where their books have been found.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①随着广告业的发展，人们从广告中受益越来越多，尤其是年轻人。
With_the_development_of_advertising，people benefit_more_from it，especially the youth.
②在某些方面，有些广告充满智慧。人们对此非常满意。
In_some_aspects，some advertisements are_full_of_intelligence.People are_pleased_with it.
③它们很吸引你。并不是所有的内容都是真实的。
They appeal_to_you.Not_all_the_contents are true.
④你应该小心不要被说服买一些过时的便宜货。
You should be careful not_to_be_persuaded_to_purchase_some_out­of­date _bargains.
⑤这是因为这些广告会耍些花招。它们的目的是敦促你和大公司做生意。
This is because these advertisements will use_some_tricks.They are_aimed_at_ urging_you_to_deal_with corporations.
⑥我们应该保持清醒的头脑，否则就会上当受骗。
We should keep a clear head，or we will fall_for_them.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用“介词＋which”引导定语从句升级1中的句②
In_some_aspects，some_advertisements_are_full_of_intelligence_with_ which_people_are_pleased.
(2)利用even if/though引导让步状语从句升级1中的句③
Even_though_they_appeal_to_you，not_all_the_contents_are_true.
(3)利用过去分词短语作状语升级1中的句⑤
This_is_because_these_advertisements_will_use_some_tricks，aimed_at_urging _you_to_deal_with_corporations.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：besides，personally)
With the development of advertising，people benefit more from it，especially the youth.In some aspects，some advertisements are full of intelligence with which people are pleased.Even though they appeal to you，not all the contents are true.Besides，you should be careful not to be persuaded to purchase some out­of­date bargains.This is because these advertisements will use some tricks，aimed at urging you to deal with corporations.Personally，we should keep a clear head，or we will fall for them.


三言
两语
1.It's obvious that daily exercise is of great benefit to your health.
2．From my point of view，running is not only a good way to build up our strength but also helps us relax and relieve the pressure of learning.
3．As students，we'd better take exercise regularly，because as the old saying goes，“The body is the capital of the revolution.”
1.强烈建议学校给学生们更多的自由时间参加体育活动。
It is strongly recommended that the_school_(should)_give_students_more_free_time to take part in sports activities.
2．我是校学生会主席李华，我写信要求你们定期参加体育锻炼。
I'm Li Hua，president of the Student Union of our school，and I am writing to_call_on_you_to_take_physical_exercise_regularly.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．remove vt.去除，移开；开除；免除；解除(职务)
2．tie vt.打成平局；(用绳、线)系，绑，捆
3．goal n．球门；射门，进球得分；目标
4．association n．协会，社团；关联；联想
5．precious adj.宝贵的，珍贵的
6．attempt n．& vt.尝试，努力，试图
7．budget n．预算 vi.& vt.编制预算
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) Another way of setting realistic goals (goal) is to analyze your short and long term objectives...
2．(2019·北京卷)．..apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp，which can be_tied (tie) to your identity.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Remove(remove) the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.
4．He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting_(attempt) its first flight.
5．Most positive emotions are_associated(associate) with behaviour: we move closer to people we like.
6．Three children were_removed(remove) from school for persistent bad behaviour last week.
7．Maybe you can tell me what is_budgeted(budget) for the project.
拓展单词
1．delight n．高兴 v．使高兴→delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的
2．absent adj.缺席的；心不在焉的→absence n．缺席，不在场；不存在
3．significant adj.有重大意义的，显著的→significance n．重要性，意义
4．power n．力量；能量；权力；影响力；统治 vt.驱动，提供动力→powerful adj.强大的，强有力的→powerless adj.无力的；没有能力的
5．origin n．起源，起因；出身→original adj.原先的，起初的→originally adv.原来；起初
6．honour n．尊敬；荣幸；节操；荣誉 vt.尊敬，尊重(某人)→honorable adj.光荣的，可敬的→honoured adj.(指人)受人尊敬的
7．compete vi.比赛；竞争→competition n．比赛；竞争→competitive adj.竞争的，竞赛的→competitor n．比赛者；竞赛者
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The competition is very fierce—hundreds of competitors are competing for 56 medals，so I regret having taken part in this competitive game.(compete)
2．He is always absent from class，and his absence makes his head teacher angry.(absence)
3．Originally，I thought he was from Canada，but it turned out that he was a Frenchman by origin.(origin)
4．To my delight，I did quite well in the final test，which made my parents delighted as well.(delight)
5．The significant discovery of new gas field in South China Sea is of great significance to our country's economy.(significant)
6．After he came to power，everyone said he was a powerful leader，but now he feels so powerless that he even can't save his daughter.(power)
7．It is my honour today to present this first signed copy to the honorable vice­president.(honour)
阅读单词
1．contemporary adj.现代的，当代的；同一时代的
2．champion n．冠军，优胜者
3．technique n．技术，工艺，技巧
4．wrestling n．摔跤运动
5．gymnastics n．体操，体操训练
6．boundary n．边界，界限
7．kettle n．(烧水用的)壶，水壶
8．referee n．裁判；推荐人
9．meanwhile adv.与此同时；在此期间

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.n. 射门；进球得分
2．(2018·浙江卷) Since then，this society has moved onward，never looking back，as the car transformed America from a farm­based society into an industrial power.n. 强国





[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.take_part_in 参加
2．side_by_side 共同；肩并肩
3．by_accident 偶然，意外地
4．come_up_with 提出
5．pass_sth.on_(to_sb.) 转交，传给，递给
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
The annual sports meeting of our school was held last week and I together with three of my classmates took part ①in 4×100 relay race.We had meant to win the race side ②by side，but something unexpected happened.When Zhang Lei was passing the stick on ③to Liu Kai，he dropped it on the ground ④by accident.Oh，what a pity！

6.in_honour_of 为向……表示敬意
7．lead_the_way 领先；带路
8．hang_on (在逆境中)坚持
9．by_tradition 按照传统
10．make_way_for 给……让路，让位于……
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Last night，we watched the ping­pong final between China and America.At first，the American team led ⑤the way，and then they made way ⑥for Chinese team gradually.Although the competitors were great，our players hung ⑦on.In the end，it was the Chinese team that won the championship，which excited us greatly.We had a celebration ⑧in honour of our team.

11.look_forward_to 盼望，期望
12．look_out_for 当心，小心
13．knock_over 打翻，撞倒
14．apply_to 适用于，应用于
15．keep_a_close_watch_on 密切关注……
16．bring...back_to_life 使……重生
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Having been told many times to look out ⑨for vehicles when crossing the road，Wang Fan didn't take it seriously.Last Friday，when Wang Fan was on his way home after school，he didn't keep ⑩a close watch on the heavy traffic but looked down at his phone.Unfortunately，he was knocked ⑪over by a car，and was sent to hospital.And he was regretting for not following his mother's instruction.Now his family are looking forward ⑫ to his recovery as soon as possible.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.make＋形式宾语＋宾补＋真正宾语
He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) 提出一个观点，并确保其他人也这么做是安全的。
Make a point，and make it_safe_for_others_to_do_the_same.
2.must have done表示对过去的肯定性推测
I am sure the whole of China must have felt proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country.
他肯定是做完工作了，否则他是不会上床睡觉的。
He must_have_finished_his_work，or he would not have gone to bed.
3.“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句，意为“无论……”
Today，both male and female athletes from around the world can take part，no matter what nation they come from.
(2019·北京卷) 无论你喜欢做什么，总有一种方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。
No_matter_what_you_like_to_do，there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.

1．delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的，快乐的
(1)be delighted to do sth.很高兴做某事
be delighted at/with/by sth.对某事感到高兴
be delighted that...很高兴……
(2)delight n. [U]快乐，高兴；[C]使人高兴的事vt.& vi.(使)高兴，以……为乐
(much/greatly) to one's delight 令某人(极为)高兴的是
with delight 高兴地，乐意地
(3)delightful adj.令人愉快的

a delighted look高兴的表情
be only too delighted to present the prizes 颁发这些奖项真是太高兴了
be delighted at your success 为你的成功感到高兴
express his delight at seeing us all again他表示再次看到我们十分高兴

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The expression on her face suggested that she was delighted with/at/by the result.
②He jumped with delight when he was told that he had been admitted to the key university.
③To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
[能力提升]——一句多译
能和你去听音乐会我感到很高兴。
①I feel_delighted_to_go to the concert with you.(delighted to do...)
②I feel_delighted_at_going to the concert with you.(delighted at...)
③I feel_delighted_that_I_can_go to the concert with you.(delighted that...)
[名师点津]　现代英语中不存在delighting这个形容词，所以不要用它来表示delightful的意思。
2．compete vi.比赛；竞争
compete with/against 与……竞争
compete for 为了……而参加比赛
compete in 参加……的比赛或竞争
compete to do...竞争做某事

compete in a sport参与一项运动比赛
compete for civil service vacancies 竞争公务员岗位
compete against professional athletes 与职业运动员比赛
compete to broadcast important sports events 竞相报导重要的体育比赛

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷) Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源)．
②I had to compete in the writing contest against/with 20 other top students for the annual writing award.
[能力提升]——一句多译
几家广告公司为获得合同正在竞争。
①Several advertising agencies are_competing_for_the_contract.(compete for sth.)
②Several advertising agencies are_competing_to_get_the_contract.(compete to do...)
3．honour n．尊敬；荣幸；节操；荣誉 vt.尊敬，尊重(某人)；给以荣誉
(1)in honour of 为了纪念……
in one's honour 为了纪念某人
have the honour of doing/to do sth.有幸做某事
It's one's honour to do sth.某人很荣幸做某事
(2)honoured adj. 受尊敬的，感到荣幸的
be/feel honoured to do sth.很荣幸做某事
be honoured as...被尊称为……

a man without honour 小人
do me the honour of dining with me 赏光与我吃顿便饭
organize a party in his honour 为他组织了一场晚会
feel honoured to be invited受到邀请感到荣幸

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We held a memorial meeting in honour of the people's hero，who lost his life in the big fire.
②She is_honoured(honour) as a model teacher.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)I am honoured to have the opportunity to address in your university.
①(高级表达)I have_the_honour_of_having/to_have the opportunity to address in your university.
②(高级表达)It is_my_honour_to_have the opportunity to address in your university.
4．absence n．缺席，不在场；不存在；缺乏，没有
(1)absence from...缺席……；没参加……
in one's absence(＝in the absence of sb.) 在某人不在时
in the absence of sth.缺乏某物
(2)absent­minded(＝absence of mind) adj. 心不在焉的
be absent from 缺乏……，缺席……

repeated absences from school屡次缺课
in the absence of water缺少水的情况下
ask for leave of absence from the army 向部队请准休假
be absent from work for two weeks 两个星期没有上班

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Mr.White has been absent from work for days，so he knows nothing about our plan.
②I will go on a business trip tomorrow; Mark will be in charge of the company in my absence.
[能力提升]——一句多译
开车时她心不在焉，酿成事故。
①She was_absent­minded during driving，which caused an accident. (absent­minded)
②Her_absence_of_mind during driving caused an accident.(absence)
5.attempt n．& vt.尝试，努力，试图
(1)attempt to do sth.(＝make an attempt to do sth.) 打算/企图做某事
(2)at the first attempt 第一次尝试
make an attempt at doing sth.试图做某事
(3)attempted adj.未遂的，企图的

after repeated attempts反复尝试之后
make a desperate attempt to find survivors of the accident 拼命寻找事故幸存者
attempt to get in touch with them 试图和他们联系

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Jim had prepared carefully for his driving test so that he could be sure of passing it at the first attempt.
②The man was being questioned about the attempted (attempt) murder last night.
[能力提升]——一句多译
当我们尝试跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要。
①Body language is particularly important when we attempt_to_communicate across cultures.(attempt v．)
②Body language is particularly important when we make_an_attempt_to_ communicate/at_communicating across cultures.(attempt n．)
[名师点津]　attempt to do sth.和try/seek to do sth.一样，强调的是努力做某事的过程，不一定成功；而manage to do sth.则表示“设法做成某事”，强调结果。
6．associate v．使联合；联想，联系；交往 n. 同伴；伙伴
(1)associate...with...把……和……联系起来
be associated with 和……有关
associate with 和……交往或打交道
(2)association n. [C]协会；社团；[U]联合；结合；交往
in association with 和……联合；与……有关

a close associate of the director那位导演的亲密伙伴
associate one thing with another把某一事与另一事联系起来
associate with honest boys和诚实的孩子结交

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I hope you don't associate with that bad boy!
②In the children's minds(mind)，summer is_associated(associate) with picnics.
[能力提升]——一句多译
许多严重的健康问题都与吸烟有关。
①There are many serious health problems which_are_associated_with_smoking. (用定语从句作定语)
②There are many serious health problems associated_with_smoking.(用过去分词作定语)
③There are many serious health problems in_association_with_smoking.(用介词短语作定语)
7．remove vt.去除，移开；拿走；开除；免除，解除(职务)；脱去(衣物)；摘掉；搬迁
(1)remove...from...把……从……移开
remove from...to...从……搬到……
remove sb.from school开除某人；勒令某人退学
remove one's doubt/trouble消除某人的疑虑/烦恼
(2)removal n．移植；解除；搬迁；免职

remove the dirty dishes from the table 把桌上的脏盘子都端走
remove a man from office免除一人的职务
remove from the city to the countryside从城市搬到农村

[基础练习]——写出下列句中remove的含义
①Will you please remove your handbag from the seat？移开；拿走
②Our office has removed to Shanghai from Beijing.搬迁
③The player was removed from the team.开除
④She saw he had removed his glasses.摘掉
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)The boy was removed from the school football team and he felt very sad.
(高级表达)Removed_from_the_school_football_team，the boy felt very sad.(用过去分词作状语)
8．power n．力量；能量；影响力；权力；统治vt.驱动，提供动力
be in power 掌权，执政(表示状态)
come to/into power 上台，执政(表示动作)
in/within one's power 在某人的能力/权力范围之内
out of/beyond one's power 超出某人的能力

her power of observation 她的观察力
a task still beyond any computer's power 计算机没有能力完成的任务
did everything in his power to find us somewhere to live 他尽全力为我们找住处

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Not that I don't want to help you，but that it's beyond my power to do so.
②Though he has been in power for two years，he hasn't found an effective solution to the country's economic problems.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达) I will try my best to help you.
(高级表达) I will do_everything_in/within_my_power(＝do_what_is_in/within _my_power) to help you.(power)
9．bring...back to life 使……重生；使……恢复；使……再生
come to life 恢复生机，活跃起来；苏醒
give one's life to献身于；为……捐躯
live/lead/have a/an...life 过着……的生活

bring the drowned swimmer back to life 使溺水的游泳者苏醒过来
make our class come to life 使我们班活跃起来
give his life to keep the bridge safe他为保住大桥捐躯

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I love to watch everything coming to life again in the spring.
②We should live a low­carbon life in order to protect the environment.
[能力提升]——完成句子
让死去的人复活是我们做不到的。
It's beyond our power to_bring_a_dead_man_back_to_life.
10．hang on不挂断；(在逆境中)坚持；紧紧握住，保留(to sth.)
hang on to 抓紧；保留，不卖掉，不放弃
hang up (on sb.) 挂(某人的)电话
hang out 逗留；闲荡
hang back退缩；踌躇不前
hang about/around (在某处附近)等待，逗留，闲荡

hang on to her mother's hand紧紧抓住她妈妈的手
hangs up the scarf on the hook behind the door 把围巾挂在门后的衣钩上
hang flags out on National Day在国庆日把国旗挂在门外

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It's hard work，but if you hang on，you are sure to succeed in the end.
②While I was talking with a friend on the phone，he suddenly hung up on me.
[能力提升]——完成句子
通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人，一切皆有可能。
It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang_on_to_hope.
11．(教材P22) He dreamt that the Olympics would make_it_possible_for_ people_of_all_countries_to_live_side_by_side_in_peace.他梦想着奥运会可以让各国人民和平相处。
[句型公式]　句中使用了“make＋形式宾语＋宾语补足语＋真正宾语”结构，it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是for people of all countries to live side by side in peace。
(1)该结构中当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。构成的句型主要有：
make it ＋ adj./n.＋ that从句
make it ＋ adj./n.＋ (for sb.) to do sth.
make it no good/no use...＋ doing sth.
(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider，find，feel等。
[金句推送]　(2019·江苏卷) The big brains make it harder for the body to move around and consume more energy.巨大的脑髓使得身体更难活动，并消耗更多的能量。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I must make it clear that I'll always support you.
②I consider it no use quarrelling (quarrel) with him about it.
[能力提升]——一句多译
科技的迅速发展使得我们可能做过去不能做的事情。
①The rapid development of science and technology makes_it_possible_for_us_ to_do what we couldn't do in the past.(不定式)
②The rapid development of science and technology makes_it_possible_that_we_ can_do what we couldn't do in the past.(that从句)
12．(教材P22) Today，both male and female athletes from around the world can take part，no_matter_what nation they come from.如今，世界各地的男女运动员都能参加，无论他们来自哪个国家。
[句型公式]　句中no matter what...为“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句。
(1)“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
(2)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。
(3)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句(相当于no matter what/who/which/whom)。
[金句推送]　(2019·北京卷)Whatever stage of life you're at，wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA，you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区)．
无论你处于人生的哪个阶段，无论你走到哪里，无论你在全球发展协会做什么项目，你都将在一个贫穷且偏远的社区中创造出积极的改变。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①No matter how carefully you plan your finances，no one can predict when the unexpected will happen.
②However(how) attractive they look in the store，once I get them home they're unfailingly dry，hard，and tasteless.
[能力提升]——一句多译
无论谁触犯了法律，都应该受到惩罚。
①No_matter_who/Whoever_breaks_the_law，he should be punished.(用让步状语从句)
②Whoever_breaks_the_law should be punished.(用主语从句)
13．(教材P23) I am sure the whole of China must_have_felt__proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country.我相信，当许海峰为自己的祖国赢得第一枚金牌时，整个中国都为之感到自豪。
[句型公式]　句中must have felt proud是“must have done”结构，它表示对过去情况的肯定推测，此用法只用于肯定句。
(1)对过去的否定推测应为couldn't have done。
(2)“must have done”结构的反意疑问句：①若陈述句谓语部分有“must have done”，而且有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用“didn't＋主语”；②若没有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用“haven't/hasn't＋主语”。
[金句推送]　(2019·天津卷) I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books.我一定总是知道阅读是非常重要的，因为我儿时最早的记忆都是关于书籍的。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Mr.Li can't have_gone(go) abroad，for I saw him in the street just now.
②He must have known what she wanted.
[能力提升]——完成句子
玛丽不可能偷你的钱。
Mary can't_have_stolen_your_money.

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．The professor was delighted to__find (find) that two thirds of the projects had already been finished by the students independently.
2．When she returned to her office，Miss Green found her computer removed (remove) and she was very confused.
3．It is proved to be an increasingly powerful (power) tool in encouraging people to purchase.
4．We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would_have_telephoned (telephone) him.
5．We are working in association (associate) with a number of local companies to raise money for the homeless.
6．She says that each of us has a role to_play(play) in making the earth a better place to live in.
7．When I spoke to him，he looked at me in an absent (absence) way and didn't answer.
8．There has been a significant(significance) improvement from the company's safety records.
9．He attempted to_get (get) in touch with them but without success.
10．She must have_made(make) full preparations for the interview，for she looked very confident.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．It was so windy that I had to hang on to my hat all the way along the street.
2．Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
3．Washington，a state in the United States，was named in honour of one of the greatest American presidents.
4．Lucy is a kind­hearted lady with a positive attitude towards life because she takes delight in helping others.
5．Several companies have announced their intention to compete for the construction project.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．Their problem today is somewhat similar to what they faced many years ago.
2．The director received us and led the way into one of the buildings.
3．Many houses are being knocked down to make way for a new park.
4．When it was his turn to deliver his speech，he walked towards the microphone，nervous and embarrassed(embarrass)．
5．In our hometown，it is traditional (tradition) to visit relatives one by one during the Spring Festival.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①奥运会是世界上最著名的体育盛会。举办奥运会对一个国家来说意义重大。
The Olympic Games are the_best­known_sporting_event in the world.It is of great_significance_for_a_country_to_host the Olympic Games.
②运动员们把为国家赢奖牌当成一种荣誉。
Athletes make_it_an_honour_to_win_medals for their nation.
③在2008年北京奥运会开幕式上，李宁点燃了圣火，我国奥运健儿为金牌奋力竞争。
Li Ning lighted the flame at the_2008_Beijing_Olympics_opening.Our athletes attempted_to_compete_for_medals.
④他们在体操、举重、射击、乒乓球等比赛中获得冠军。这使得所有的中国公民既高兴又激动。
They won_championship in gymnastics，weightlifting，shooting，ping­pong and other competitions.It made all the Chinese citizens delighted_and_excited.
⑤无论多么艰难，他们也要坚持。
No_matter_how_hard_it_is，they must hang_on.
⑥许多运动员通过自己的精彩表现给观众带来了许多快乐。
Many athletes bring_much_delight_to the audience with their wonderful performance.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用which引导非限制性定语从句升级1中的句①
It_is_of_great_significance_for_a_country_to_host_the_Olympic_Games，which _are_the_best­known_sporting_event_in_the_world.
(2)利用连词and升级1中的句③
Li_Ning_lighted_the_flame_at_the_2008_Beijing_Olympics_opening_and_our_athletes_attempted_to_compete_for_medals.
(3)利用which引导非限制性定语从句升级1中的句④
They_won_championship_in_gymnastics，weightlifting，shooting，ping­pong _and_other_competitions，which_made_all_the_Chinese_citizens_delighted _and_excited.
(4)利用it's...that...强调句型升级1中的句⑥
It_is_with_their_wonderful_performance_that_many_athletes_bring_much_delight_to_the_audience.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：delighted，no matter how)
It is of great significance for a country to host the Olympic Games，which are the best­known sporting event in the world.Athletes make it an honour to win medals for their nation.Li Ning lighted the flame at the 2008 Beijing Olympics opening and our athletes attempted to compete for medals.They won championship in gymnastics，weightlifting，shooting，ping­pong and other competitions，which made all the Chinese citizens delighted and excited.No matter how hard it is，they must hang on.It is with their wonderful performance that many athletes bring much delight to the audience.


三言
两语
1.As is known to us，smartphones have become an important part in our daily life and we need them to chat，to surf the Internet as well as entertain ourselves.
2．It goes without saying that modern technology brings us convenience and comfort in life.
3．It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it — if not，turn it off！
1.但是问题是许多中学生对手机越来越着迷。
But the problem is that_a_number_of_middle_school_students_are_growing_increasingly_addicted_to_phones.
2．显而易见，电脑对我们的学习有很大的帮助，尤其是对我们的英语听力。
It_is_obvious_that the computer is_of_great_help_to our study，especially to our English listening.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．accuse vt.控诉，控告；谴责
2．function vi.起作用，正常运转 n．作用，功能；职能
3．escape vi.& vt.逃跑，逃离，逃脱；被遗忘，被忽视；避免，避开 n．逃离，逃脱
4．master n．主宰；主人；大师 vt.精通，掌握；控制
5．hire vt.聘用，雇用；租用，租借
6．exit n．出口；离去，退场 vi.& vt.出去，离去，退场
7．monitor n．(计算机)显示器；监测器；班长 vt.& vi.监视
8．pack vt.收拾(行李)，装箱；包装n.纸袋，纸盒；大背包；一群，一捆，一包

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·天津卷)A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning (function)，and he has often been in prison.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) They were well trained by their masters (master) who had great experience with caring for these animals.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program，students are_hired (hire) each year in a variety of summer positions....
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)．..old desktop monitors(monitor) and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption...
5．The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping (escape) from the tube could lift it into the air.
6．The high school students were_accused(accuse) of abusing their classmates the other day.
拓展单词
1．injure vt.伤害，损害→injury n．伤害，损害；负伤
2．present v．颁发；展示；赠送；呈现→presentation n．展示，介绍；颁发；提交，出示
3．real adj.真的，真实的→really adv.真地，真实地→reality n．现实，事实
4．disable vt.使残疾→disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n．残疾
5．confident adj.自信的，肯定的，有把握的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n．信心，信任
6．disappoint vt.使失望→disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n．失望
7．social adj.社交的，交际的；社会的→society n．社会→socialism n．社会主义→socialist adj.社会主义的→socialize v．交往，交际
8．amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊诧→amazing adj.令人惊奇的→amazed adj.大为惊奇→amazement n．惊奇，惊愕，惊诧
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Jack injured his leg when he was playing basketball yesterday.The doctor said that his injury was very serious.(injure)
2．He is quite confident that he will pass the exam.He works very hard and we all have confidence in him.(confident)
3．He was disabled in a car accident and his disability prevented him from holding any job.(disable)
4．To my disappointment，I saw a disappointed expression on his face due to his disappointing test score.(disappoint)
5．There is a very real difference between a dream and reality.(real)
6．If it is difficult for you to digest the graphs I presented during the presentation，ask our market leader for more information.(present)
7．To my amazement，the amazing news amazed the whole class and their teachers were also amazed.(amaze)
阅读单词
1．passive adj.被动的
2．neighbourhood n．街区；邻近的地方
3．sightseeing n．观光，游览
4．constant adj.连续发生的，不断的；恒定的
5．mushroom n．蘑菇；伞菌
6．dinosaur n．恐龙
7．biology n．生物学
8．network n．(互联)网络
9．secure adj.安全的；有把握的；稳固的，坚固的 vt.获得；使安全

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami (折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.vt.表演，呈现
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) Cover the hole with the plastic sheet，securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock.vt. 固定
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) The U．S.Fish and Wildlife Service carefully ①monitors and manages the wolf ②packs in Yellowstone.①vt. 监控，监视　②n. 一群(动物)

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.add_to 使增加，使增强，使扩大
2．speak_of 说起，谈到
3．blow_up (使)爆炸
4．last_but_not_least 最后但同样重要的
5．in_the_long_term/run 从长远来看
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Speaking ①of science and technology，different people have different opinions.Some think it brings us a lot of convenience，adding ②to our happiness of life，while others are concerned about the disadvantages along with it.In my opinion，I think it's beneficial to us in ③the long term/run，and we should take advantage of it.

6.set_up 设立，建立
7．connect_with/to 与……连接
8．give_out/off 放出(声、光、气等)；公布
9．put_forward 提出，提议
10．carry_out 执行；实行；贯彻
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
A new cross­sea bridge is to be set up to connect ④with two cities，which was given ⑤out by the government last week，but the question is put ⑥forward whether we have enough money for this project.At last，the government announces that the plan will not be carried ⑦out until all preparations have been made.

11.hold_on_to 紧紧抓住
12．in_terror 惊恐地
13．compared_with与……比较起来
14．as_to 至于，关于
15．be_filled_with 充满
16．all_of_a_sudden 突然
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Several days ago，I experienced a travel to space with the aid of VR.⑧As to the travel，I thought it was unusual.Compared ⑨with other travels，it was convenient for me to float in space though I was filled ⑩with anxiety and afraid of being injured.I held on ⑪to my guide ⑫in terror，who was quite confident and frequently told me a few guidelines that I should follow.Finally I came to feel ease.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.not only 位于句首，所在的分句使用部分倒装
Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment...
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) 不仅可爱与积极生活的结果有关，而且也是造成那些结果的原因。
Not_only_is_likability_related_to positive life outcomes，but it is also responsible for those outcomes，too.
2.It's (about/high) time (that) sb.did/should do sth.“是某人该做某事的时候了”
In my opinion，it is about time we had new computers.
是当地政府该采取措施保护环境的时候了。
It's (about/high) time that the local government took/should_take_measures_to_protect_the_environment.
3.“be of＋抽象名词”结构
It is of chief importance to our future...
这个活动很重要，所以你们每个人都应该积极参加。
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·满分作文)This activity is_of_great_significance，so every one of you should take part in it actively.

1．reality n．[U] 现实，真实；[C]事实，现实(的事物)
(1)in reality事实上，实际上
come into reality 梦想实现
become a reality成为现实
(2)realize vt. 实现；意识到；了解
realistic adj.现实的；现实主义的

make the proposals a reality 使这些建议变成现实
have to face reality sooner or later迟早得面对现实
bring sb.back to reality 使某人面对现实；不再抱有幻想

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality.
②In reality，my grandfather can no longer walk.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)His dream of going to college has been realized.
(高级表达)His dream of going to college has_become_a_reality/_has_come_into _reality.(reality)
2．amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊诧
(1)It amazes sb.that...(＝What amazes sb.is that...) 使某人惊奇的是……
(2)It's amazing that...令人惊讶的是……
(3)be amazed at/by...对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do sth.做某事感到惊讶
(4)to one's amazement 令某人惊讶的是
in amazement 惊愕地

be amazed at how modern everything was对一切都这么现代化大为惊讶
be amazed to hear this news得知这个消息大为震惊
stare at the animal in amazement 惊愕地盯着这个动物

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Visitors are amazed to_find (find) that great changes have taken place in Shanghai within a year.
②We were completely amazed at/by the wonder and the greatness of nature.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达) To our amazement，the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.
①(高级表达)What_made_us_amazed_was_that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.(主语从句)
②(高级表达) It_amazed_us_that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.(it作形式主语)
[名师点津]　可用于“to one's＋ n．”结构中的名词还有：delight，surprise，satisfaction，astonishment，disappointment等。
3．confident adj.自信的；肯定的，有把握的
(1)be confident in 相信，信任
be confident about/of sth./that...确信……
(2)have confidence in 对……有信心
with confidence自信地；有信心地
in confidence私下地；秘密地
have confidence to do...有做……的信心

make her more confident 使她增强了自信心
be confident in one's identity对自身充满信心
be confident about the future 对未来充满信心
be fully confident of winning the title 对赢得冠军信心十足

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
Your encouragement made me more confident of/about my future.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我认为，尽管我们有自信，我们也应该承认别人的长处并尊重他们。
①In my opinion，while we are_confident_in_ourselves，we should recognize strengths in others and show respect for them.(confident)
②In my opinion，while we have_confidence_in_ourselves，we should recognize strengths in others and show respect for them.(confidence)
4．injure vt.伤害，损害
(1)injury n. 伤害，伤口
do sb./oneself an injury(＝do an injury to sb./oneself) 使某人/自己受伤害
(2)injured adj.受伤的
get injured 受伤
the injured 伤员

injure an arm in a car accident 在车祸中伤了一只手臂
injure a man's pride 伤害某人的自尊心
her badly injured ankle 她严重受伤的脚踝

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①But now，because my left foot was_injured (injure) in the football game，I cannot go with you as planned.
②It is reported that the injured (injure) have been transferred to local hospitals for treatment.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达) Remind John not to injure himself when he plays outdoors.
(高级表达) Remind John not to do_an_injury_to_himself(＝do_himself_an_ injury) when he plays outdoors.(injury)
5．disadvantage n．缺点；不利因素，障碍
(1)at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
advantages and disadvantages 利与弊
to one's disadvantage对某人不利的是
(2)advantage n．优势；有利条件
take advantage of 利用
have an advantage over 胜过
to one's advantage 对某人有利的是

put him at a disadvantage 使他处于不利地位
a great disadvantage to him 他的不利之处
the advantages and disadvantages of this machine这种机器的优点和缺点

[基础练习]——语段语法填空
To his advantage，he is smart and hard­working，having an advantage over others.He should take full advantage of this and overcome all his disadvantages (advantage) to achieve his dream.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)I think we should fully use this technology to improve the quality of our products.
①(高级表达)I think we should take_full_advantage_of this technology to improve the quality of our products.(advantage)
②(高级表达)I think we should make_full_use_of this technology to improve the quality of our products.(use n．)
6．accuse vt.控诉，控告；指责；谴责
(1)accuse sb.of (doing) sth.＝charge sb.with (doing) sth.控告/指责某人(做了)某事
accuse sb.as...控告某人为……
accuse...for...因……而责怪……
(2)the accused 被告

be accused as a murderer 被指控为杀人犯
accuse her of dishonesty指责她不诚实
accuse the government of not caring about the poor控告政府不关心穷人

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Though this young man was accused as a thief，he was very calm.
②He accused his boss of breaking/having_broken (break) his word.
[能力提升]——一句多译
她指控我玩忽职守。
①She accused_me_of neglecting my duty.(accuse)
②She charged_me_with neglecting my duty.(charge)
7．function vi.起作用，充当，正常运转(工作)，活动 n．作用，功能；职能，职责
(1)function as...担任/起……作用，具有……
function well (properly)/normally/efficiently 运转良好/正常/高效
(2)perform a function 发挥作用/功能

the function of the heart心脏的功能
carry out their own particular functions履行他们各自的职责
function as an educational and study centre 用作教育和研究中心

[基础练习]——写出下列句中function的词性和含义
①You know I can't function without a coffee in the morning.vi.正常工作
②As is well known，the function of a clock is to tell the time.n.功能，作用
[能力提升]——一句多译
如果你不给机器加油的话，它就不会正常运转。
①The machine won't function_normally if you don't oil it.(function v．)
②The machine won't perform_a_normal_function if you don't oil it.(function n．)
8．escape vi.& vi.逃跑，逃离，逃脱；避开，避免；被遗忘，被忽略 n．逃离，逃脱
(1)escape from 从……逃走；逃脱，逃跑
escape doing sth.逃脱做某事
sth.escape(s) sb.某物被某人遗忘；未被注意
escape death/punishment死里逃生/逃脱惩罚
(2)a narrow escape 侥幸逃脱，九死一生

an escape from reality 逃避现实
escape one's memory被某人遗忘
have a narrow escape from being eaten by sharks 差点被鲨鱼吃掉

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①To their relief，their students narrowly escaped from the shaking building.
②It's reported that the driver tried to escape being_caught (catch) after knocking four people to death.
[能力提升]——一句多译
你很幸运地逃过了惩罚。
①You are lucky to_escape_punishment.(escape sth.)
②You are lucky to_escape_being_punished.(escape doing)
9．add to使增强，使增加，使扩大
add up 合计，相加
add up to 合计为，结果是
add...to...把……加到……中
add that...补充说……

add to the value of the book增加这本书的价值
add a rhythmic charm to the performance 使演出更具魅力
add up to a complete failure结果是彻底失败了

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.
②If you add up those four figures，it adds up to over $500.
[能力提升]——一句多译
三加四等于七。
①Three added_to_four makes/equals seven.(add to)
②If you add_three_to_four，you will get seven.(add...to...)
10．put forward提出，提议；推荐；将……提前；拨快(时钟指针)
put away 把……收拾好，整理；储蓄
put aside 把……放到一边；暂不考虑
put down 放下，写下，记下；镇压
put on 穿上；上演；增加
put off 推迟，延期
put up 搭建；张贴；为……提供住宿
put through 接通电话；完成
put out 扑灭；熄(灯)

put forward a plan for the committee to consider 提出一项计划交由全体委员审议
put the meeting forward an hour 把会议提前一小时
put the chair forward to get a better view 把椅子往前挪一点以便看得更清楚些

[基础练习]——写出下列句中put forward的含义
①My watch was slow，so I put it forward three minutes.拨快
②We put forward the date of the training by two months.将……提前
③(2016·天津卷) The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.提出
[能力提升]——完成句子
他在会上提出的计划非常实用。
The plan (that/which_was)_put_forward by him at the meeting turned out to be very practical.
11．(教材P42) Not_only_will_he_or_she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment...使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音……
[句型公式]　句中“not only...but also...”连接的是两个并列分句，意为“不仅……，而且……”。not only 引导的分句放在句首，此分句要部分倒装。
(1)not only...but also...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者；其中的but或also有时可以省略。
(2)not only 引导的分句放在句首，此分句要部分倒装，但but also连接的分句不倒装。
(3)连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致(即就近原则)。
[金句推送]　(2019·北京卷) Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally，you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.
您不仅将帮助我们年轻的志愿者个人发展，您还将学习新的技能，提高您的文化意识。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Not only did (do) we forget to turn off the lights in the kitchen，but we (also) failed to lock the front door.
②Not only the students but also the teacher was(be) against the plan at that time.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达) He is not only a teacher but also a writer.
(高级表达)Not_only_is_he_a_teacher，but also he is a writer.(倒装句)
[名师点津]　适用于“就近原则”的结构还有：either...or...; neither...nor...; not...but...等。
12．(教材P53) In my opinion，it_is_about_time we had new computers.在我看来，我们应该有新的电脑了。
[句型公式]　句型“It's about time sb.did sth.”意为“是某人该做某事的时候了”，该句型在作用上相当于“It's (high) time (that) sb.should do sth.”结构。
It's time (for sb.) to do sth.是该(某人)做某事的时候了。
It's time for sth.是……的时候了。
It/This/That is/was the...time (that) sb.has/had done sth.这是某人第……次做某事。(主句用一般现在时或一般过去时，而从句相应地用现在完成时或过去完成时)
It's a time when...是一段……的时期。
[金句推送]　(2017·江苏卷·写作佳句)It's high time the film industry should make greater efforts to attract more viewers.
现在是电影业应该做出更大努力来吸引更多观众的时候了。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It was the first time that a Canadian had_won(win) a gold medal in a Winter Olympics.
②This is the first time that I have_heard(hear) him sing.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)It's time for him to consider what to do with the money.
(高级表达)It's_time_that_he_considered/should_consider what to do with the money.

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．This is a second­hand car，but it functions(function) well.
2．You will be_amazed (amaze) at the progress we have made in such a short time.
3．I have confidence (confident) in beating you in the competition.
4．There's no denying that the attack has done a severe injury (injure) to his reputation.
5．One of the disadvantages (advantage) of the solar car is too expensive for common people.
6．He accused the government of refusing (refuse) to face facts about the economy.
7．He escaped being_killed (kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.
8．Not only I but also Jack and Tom are (be) interested in the activity.
9．It is high time that the government took/should_take (take) measures to stop pollution.
10．One Friday，we were_packing(pack) to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．The bad weather only added to our difficulties.
2．When seeking for a job，a college graduate is at a disadvantage in terms of working experience.
3．The teacher wants the children to feel confident about asking questions when they don't understand.
4．The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.
5．It was a race against the clock whether the doctor would get to the accident soon enough to save the injured.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．Last but not least，I'd like to thank all the catering staff.
2．I find it hard to_master (master) a foreign language.
3．You can exit the system by pressing (press) the F3 button.
4．Compared (compare) with conducting an interview by QQ online，a face­to­face interview in person can provide people with more reliable details.
5．I didn't get much of an impression (impress) of the place because it was dark when we drove through it.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①科学技术的不断发展给我们带来了许多便利。
The_constant_development of science and technology has brought us much_convenience.
②我们可以打电话、发短信，还可以用它来上网、网上聊天、收发电子邮件等。
We can make phone calls and send message with it; we can also surf_the_ Internet，chat online and receive or send e­mails，etc.
③借助于虚拟现实技术，我们足不出户就可以周游世界。
We can go_sightseeing_around_the_world by using the technology of virtual reality without leaving our homes.
④我们相信科学技术将为我们未来的生活带来更多惊喜。
We are_confident_that science and technology will give us more surprises.
⑤这些发明给我们带来了快乐，在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。我们不能忽视它们的缺点。
These inventions have brought us happiness and are performing_an_important_ function in our life.We shouldn't ignore_their_disadvantages.
⑥我们在享受科技成就带给我们的一切。我们要学会利用科学技术来保护我们的家园——地球。
We are enjoying what the scientific achievements have brought us.We have to learn to_take_advantage_of_the_science_and_technology to protect our home—the earth.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用not only...but also...升级1中的句②
Not_only_can_we_make_phone_calls_and_send_message_with_it，but_also_ we_can_surf_the_Internet，chat_online_and_receive_or_send_e­mails，etc.
(2)利用though引导让步状语从句升级1中的句⑤
Though_these_inventions_have_brought_us_happiness_and_are_performing_an_important_function_in_our_life，we_shouldn't_ignore_their_disadvantages.
(3)利用while引导时间状语从句升级1中的句⑥
While_we_are_enjoying_what_the_scientific_achievements__have_brought_us，we_have_to_learn_to_take_advantage_of_the_science_and_technology_to_protect_our_home—the_earth.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：what's more，last but not least)
The constant development of science and technology has brought us much convenience.Take the latest smartphones for example.Not only can we make phone calls and send message with it，but also we can surf the Internet，chat online and receive or send e­mails，etc.What's more，we can go sightseeing around the world by using the technology of virtual reality without leaving our homes.We are confident that science and technology will give us more surprises.Though these inventions have brought us happiness and are performing an important function in our life，we shouldn't ignore their disadvantages.Last but not least，while we are enjoying what the scientific achievements have brought us，we have to learn to take advantage of the science and technology to protect our home—the earth.


三言
两语
1.As the old saying goes，“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
2．He is generous with his time in offering help to us，for which we feel grateful.
3．To avoid such conflicts，we should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.
1.凯特是一个容易相处的女孩，我们都喜欢她。
Kate is a girl who_is_easy_to_get_along/on_with and we all like her.
2．结果，从这次经历中我知道了与人合作的重要性。
As a result，from this experience I have learned it_was_important_to_work_together_with_others.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．pretend vi.& vt. 假装；装扮，扮作
2．beg vt.& vi. 请求，恳求；乞讨
3．focus n. 焦点；重点 vi.& vt. 集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦
4．remark n．& vi. 评论，谈论
5．quarrel n．& vi. 争吵，争执
6．blame vt. 责备，指责 n．(坏事或错事的) 责任；责备，指责
7．overcome vt. 克服，解决
8．attitude n. 态度，看法
9．forgive vt. 原谅，宽恕
10．envy vt.& n. 羡慕，忌妒
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) You will surely need to_overcome (overcome) some difficulties，some planned，but most unplanned.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today，many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing(focus) on Chinese traditions.
3．(2016·浙江卷)He would ask who we were and pretend(pretend) not to know us.
4．Had he not apologize to her，she would not have_forgiven(forgive) him.
5．The child begged(beg) not to be left home when his parents went to Shanghai on business.
6．I feel it is your husband who is to_blame(blame) for the spoiled child.
拓展单词
1．apologize vi.道歉→apology n．道歉
2．respond vi.做出反应，回应→response n．回答；反应
3．manner n．方式；态度，举止→manners n．礼貌；礼仪
4．argue vi.争吵，争论→argument n．争辩，争论
5．admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳→admission n．承认；进入；许可
6．mercy n．宽恕；仁慈→merciful adj.仁慈的；宽容的→merciless adj.无情的
7．amuse vt.娱乐，消遣，使发笑→amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的→amused adj.高兴的→amusement n．娱乐，消遣
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．My cousin did very well in the College Entrance Examination，so he gained admission into Beijing University.His abilities were admitted by his family and relatives.(admit)
2．Jim is in an argument with his landlord downstairs，who argues that she didn't steal his money.(argue)
3．Jim apologized to his girlfriend for his being rude to her，but she didn't accept his apology.(apology)
4．Don't speak to your father in this manner，or others will say you have bad manners.(manner)
5．The merciless king showed no mercy and killed all the prisoners.(mercy)
6．After one month with no response，I sent a copy of the letter with the question “why haven't you responded？” (respond)
阅读单词
1．sincerely adv.真诚地
2．sensitive adj.易生气的；敏感的；体贴的
3．anchor vt.扎根于；使基于；下锚；使固定n.锚
4．adolescent adj.青春期的 n．青少年
5．betray vt.出卖，背叛
6．swear vt.& vi.发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话
7．identity n．身份
8．absurd adj.荒唐的，怪诞的
9．acquaintance n．泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情，(与某人)认识

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) The exhibition had record attendance，showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.adj. 创纪录的
2．(2019·浙江卷)Most of the bills on the board were singles，but a few people left fives，tens and even twenties.n. 一元纸币
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.vt.固定

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.keep_pace_with (与……)步调一致，(与……)同步
2．rely_on 依靠，依赖
3．in_advance 事先，提前
4．feel_like_doing...想要做……
5．be_cautious_about 对……谨慎；对……小心
6.in_conclusion 总之
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
It is an art to know how to get on with friends.First，share his/her feelings but be cautious ①about the secrets he/she tells you in case you give them away.Next，you'd better keep pace ②with your friend in doing something.He/She may rely ③on you to help him/her to overcome difficulties.Most importantly，whenever your friend has troubles，support him/her，share his/her feelings，and your friendship will last longer and firmer.④In conclusion，as long as we abide by what are mentioned above，we'll find it easy to get along well with friends.

7.get_through (用电话)接通
8．be_based_on 以……为根据，以…… 为基础
9．regardless_of 不管，不顾
10．end_up 最后成为；最终处于
11．thanks_to 幸亏；由于
12．look_back_on 回顾，回首
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Tom was a top student in a senior high school but recently he was addicted to playing games online.Regardless ⑤of the bad effects computer games had on him，he still went his own way.Before long he ended ⑥up in failure in the mid­term exam.Thanks ⑦to the timely help of his teacher，Tom realized that success was based ⑧on diligence and persistence，and he determined to concentrate on his study again.

13.spy_on 暗中监视，窥探
14．in_one's_opinion 在某人看来
15．keep_one's_word 遵守诺言
16．stay_up 熬夜；挺住
17．before_long 不久，很快
18．can't_help_doing_sth.情不自禁做某事
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
In order to know more about their daughter，Li Hong's parents focus their attention on her private things.They often spy ⑨on her diaries or her blogs，or even look through her schoolbag.⑩Before long，Li Hong found that and couldn't help quarrelling with her parents.In ⑪my opinion，it's bad manners for her parents to do this and they should communicate with Li Hong more frequently.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.否定转移结构
I don't think I can ever truly forgive her.
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·满分作文) 如果你错过了这个机会，我想你再也没有机会和优秀的球员比赛了。
If you miss this chance，I_don't_think_you_will_have_a_second_chance to play with outstanding players.
2.so引导的倒装结构
Football is very important to me，but so is our friendship.
(2019·江苏卷) 随着游客数量的增加，道路上行驶的车辆也增加了。
As the number of tourists has grown，so_has_the_amount_of_traffic on the roads.
3.can't help doing...忍不住做……
Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy，Peter，and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.
当看到她的母亲时，小姑娘忍不住哭了。
When she saw her mother，the_girl_couldn't_help_crying.

1．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作
pretend to be...假装是……
pretend to do sth.假装要做某事
pretend to be doing sth.假装正在做某事
pretend to have done sth.假装已经做过了某事
pretend (that)．..假装……

pretend to be asleep假装睡觉
pretend to be reading假装正在读书
pretend to have forgotten the conversation假装忘记所说的话

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Mary pretended not to_see (see) me when I passed by，which made me very angry.
②She pretended not to_be(be) at home when we rang the bell.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)He pretended to have finished his homework already.
(高级表达)He pretended that he_had_finished_his_homework already.
2．admit vt.& vi.承认，供认；接纳，容纳；招收；允许进入
(1)admit to doing sth.承认做过某事
admit (to) doing/having done sth.供认做过某事
admit (to sb.) that...(向某人)承认……
admit sb./sth.to be 承认某人/某物是……
(2)admit sb.to/into...准许某人进入(或加入)……
be admitted to/into...被允许进入/接受……

admit to feeling a bit tired 承认感到有点累
admitted having done wrong 承认做错了
admit that she is very difficult to work with 承认她难以共事
admit sb.into the university某人获准进入大学学习

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She is said to have been admitted to/into Beijing University.
②You have to admit the performance to_be (be) wonderful.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他承认违反了交通规则。
①He admitted to breaking_the_traffic_rules.(­ing短语作宾语)
②He admitted that_he_had_broken_the_traffic_rules.(宾语从句作宾语)
3．focus vi.& vt.集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦 n．焦点；重点
(1)focus on 集中于；重点在
focus one's eyes/attention/mind on...把视线/注意力/心思集中到……上
(2)bring sth.into focus 使某事物成为焦点
the focus of...……的焦点

the focus of the world's attention世人关注的中心
focus on the main issues集中在那些主要问题上
focus our attention on global warming把我们的注意力集中到全球变暖问题上

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The shooting incident that happened on October 1,2017 in Las Vegas brought the problem of violence into focus.
②Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the focus of attention/concern.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达) His eyes were focused on the blackboard so that he didn't notice the flying birds outside.
(高级表达)His_eyes_focused_on_the_blackboard，he didn't notice the flying birds outside.(用独立主格结构)
[名师点津]　表示“集中(注意力、精力等)于……”的短语还有：pay attention to sth.; put one's heart into sth.; concentrate/fix one's attention on sth.等。
4．argue vi.争吵，争论 vt.主张；说服
(1)argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人就某事争辩
argue for/against...赞成/反对……
argue that...认为……；主张……
argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
(2)have an argument with sb.about/over sth.与某人就某事争辩

argue endlessly about money 为钱财问题无休止地争吵
argue against increasing fee 反对增加费用
argue in favour of stricter punishments支持更严厉的惩罚
try to argue him into going alone设法说服他独自去

[基础练习]——语段语法填空
The workers，who argued for their own rights，argued with the boss for a few days，but failed to argue him into giving(give) them a rise in wages.
[能力提升]——一句多译
学生们就校服问题与老师们发生了争论。
①The students had_an_argument_with_their_teachers_about/over their school uniforms.(argument)
②The students argued_with_their_teachers_about/over their school uniforms. (argue)
5．apologize vi.道歉
(1)apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)make an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉
owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉
accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉

apologize to him for our error 为我们的过错向他道歉
apologize for being rude 因为无礼而道歉
expect a full written apology 希望得到一份完整的书面道歉

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.
②You shouldn't have spoken to your mother in a rude manner.You owe her an apology immediately.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)You should apologize to him for having kept him waiting so long.
①(高级表达)You should make_an_apology_to_him_for_having_kept him waiting so long.
②(高级表达)You owe_him_an_apology_for_having_kept him waiting so long.
6．blame vt.责备，指责；把……归咎于 n．(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责
(1)blame sb.for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事责备某人
blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备
(2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任
put/lay the blame for sth.on...将某事归咎于……

place the blame on the doctor 把责任归咎于医生
bear the blame of his brother替他兄弟受责
be to blame for their deaths 应对他们的死亡负责

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.
②Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16­year­old boy，saying that he was not the one to_blame (blame)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。
①She blamed_her_husband_for the failure of their marriage.(blame v．)
②She blamed_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on her husband.(blame v．)
③She put/laid_the_blame_for_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on her husband. (blame n．)
7．respond vi.做出反应，回应vt.& vi.回答
(1)respond to 答复……；对……做出反应
(2)in response to 对……做出反应
make a response to 对……做出回答/应

respond politely to her questions礼貌地回答她的问题
respond with a smile以微笑表示回答；报以一笑
make a quick response to my inquiry 对我的询问很快做出答复

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①All of us have our opinions and we respond to it in different ways.
②In response to the customer's complaint，our manager fired the worker.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to respond to it.
(高级表达)Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to make_a_response_to _it.(response)
[名师点津]　respond to，in response to，make a response to中的to都是介词，后接名词、代词或v.­ing形式。
8．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
(1)show mercy to sb./have mercy on sb.怜悯某人
at the mercy of...任由……摆布；受……控制
it's a mercy that...……真是万幸
without mercy 毫不留情地
(2)be merciful to/towards sb.对某人仁慈

beg for mercy 乞求宽恕
be treated with mercy 受到仁慈的待遇
learn to show mercy to others 学会宽恕别人

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①After the boat's motor failed，they were only at the mercy of the weather.
②It was a mercy that she wasn't seriously hurt and was waiting until the rescue arrived.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他们要她对犯人慈悲为怀。
①They asked her to show_mercy_to/have_mercy_on the prisoners.(mercy)
②They asked her to be_merciful_to/towards the prisoners.(merciful)
9．get through (用电话)接通；通过(考试、议案等)；完成；到达；用完，花光；(设法)处理；度过
go through 经历，经受；仔细查看；完成
get through with 结束，完成
look through 浏览；翻阅
see through 看穿，识破
break through 突破(障碍)
pull through康复；渡过难关

have a pile of papers to get through 有一大堆文件要处理
get through the novel in one evening 一个晚上就看完了这本小说
get through with painting the house 刷完房子

[基础练习]——写出下列句中get through的含义
①I tried to ring my girlfriend but I couldn't get through.接通
②(2016·全国卷Ⅱ) This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.度过
③I am glad to hear that she got through the exam，which she had been preparing for a long time.通过
[能力提升]——完成句子
我工作一做完就来找你们。
I'll join you as soon as I get_through_with_my_work.
[名师点津]　表示“用电话接通到(联系到)某人”用get through to sb.。
10．end up 最后成为；最终处于
end up doing sth.最终做了某事
end up＋形容词/介词短语最终处于……状态
end up as...最终成为/变成……
end up with 以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词)
end up in 以……结束(后接表抽象概念的名词)

end up as head of the firm 最后成了公司的负责人
end up with nothing一无所得
end up dead in a car accident最终在一次车祸中丧命

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①While studying，fix your mind on what is really important，or you will end up remembering (remember) nothing.
②Anderson was born into a poor family，but ended up as one of the greatest writers of his time.
[能力提升]——完成句子
如果你不听我的建议，你最终会失败的。
You'll end_up_in_failure if you don't follow my advice.
11．rely on 依靠，依赖；信任
rely on sb.to do sth.指望/相信某人做某事
rely on (doing) sth.依赖/信任/指望(做)某事
rely on it that...相信……；指望……

rely on his finishing the work today 信赖他今天能完工
rely on the weather being fine指望会碰上好天气
rely on our children to do such work 放心地让孩子们去做这样的工作

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We rely heavily on computers to_organize (organize) our work.
②Many people now would rely on surfing (surf) the Internet rather than read newspaper for news.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)You may believe that the work will be finished ahead of time.
①(高级表达)You may rely_on_it_that the work will be finished ahead of time.(rely)
②(高级表达)You may depend_on_it_that the work will be finished ahead of time.(depend)
[联想发散]　在rely on it that...结构中，it作形式宾语，that引导的从句作真正宾语。用于此结构的动词(短语)还有love，like，appreciate，hate，depend on，see to等。
[名师点津]　rely on和depend on表示“依靠；依赖”时，二者可换用。
12．(教材P2) I don't_think I can ever truly forgive her.我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。
[句型公式]　句中don't think采用了否定转移结构。
否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，需要注意的是：
(1)主句谓语是一般现在时
(2)谓语动词应是think，believe，suppose，guess，imagine等
[金句推送]　 I don't think it is right for all of us to ignore our behavior in public places.
我认为我们不应该忽视我们在公共场所的行为。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I don't suppose that the man can finish the work on time，can he?
②He doesn't think it will rain，does he?
[能力提升]——完成句子
①我们认为你根本不明白我们在说什么。
We_don't_suppose/think_you_understand in the least what we're saying.
②我认为那不是真的，是吗？
I don't believe that it is true，is_it?
13．(教材P3) Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy，Peter，and I cannot_help_wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.昨天，我看见他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。
[句型公式]　句中cannot (can't) help doing sth.意为“忍不住做某事，不禁做某事 ” 。
can't help doing...情不自禁做……，忍不住做……
can't help but do...忍不住做……；不得不做……
can't help (to) do...不能帮忙做……
help oneself to...自用/自取所需食物等
[金句推送]　(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
在我们回家的路上，雨下得很大，我们禁不住想知道要多久才能到达那里。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I can't help (to)_clean(clean) the room，because I have to do my homework.
②I think everybody can't help laughing(laugh) if they see it.
[能力提升]——链接写作
(普通表达) Looking at the Great Wall，you can't help wondering how it was built so many years ago.
(高级表达) Looking at the Great Wall，you can't_help_but_wonder how it was built so many years ago.

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．To be honest，it was Su's fault but Li was also to_blame(blame)．
2．The media often make remarks (remark) on the private life of popular stars.
3．From the looks on their faces，I believed that they had had an argument (argue)．
4．I sincerely (sincere) express my regret again about the inconvenience caused by us.
5．She tried to seem angry，but she betrayed (betray) herself by smiling.
6．He often pretends to_be_working (work) when actually he is just wasting time online.
7．I can't help laughing(laugh) every time I think of the incident.
8．Having been caught on the spot，the man had to admitted stealing/having_ stolen (steal) money from the girl.
9．The students listened to the teacher carefully with their eyes focused (focus) on the blackboard.
10．These comments came in response (respond) to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Learn to rely on yourself first，then others.
2．You should make an apology to her for your hurting her.
3．Regardless of what his parents think，he is leaving home for a new job in Shenzhen.
4．The manager had mercy on the children dressed in rags and gave them some food.
5．A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．It was thanks to your timely help that we accomplished the task on time.
2．I shall never forgive myself for failing to help you when you were in danger.
3．To my amusement(amuse)he couldn't get the door open.
4．I truly (true) hope that you can take my suggestions into full consideration.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①汤姆说话不算数。他和同学相处得不好。
Tom didn't keep_his_word.He couldn't get along well with his classmates.
②当他犯了错误或与别人争吵时，他总是责备他人，并且从不道歉。
When he made a mistake or quarrelled with someone else，he always blamed_others and never apologized_to_them.
③汤姆很是苦恼。马克决定帮助他，多次和汤姆面对面交谈。
Tom felt very upset.Mark was_determined_to_help_him and talked to him face_to_face many times.
④同学们渐渐地原谅了他。
Little by little，his classmates forgave_him.
⑤现在汤姆交了很多朋友。朋友们也信任他。
Now Tom has made many friends.They rely_on_him as well.
⑥懂得如何与他人相处和保持友谊是一门艺术。
It's an art to know how_to_get_on_with_others and keep friendship.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用and this was why升级1中的句①
Tom_didn't_keep_his_word_and_this_was_why_he_couldn't_get_along_well
_with_his_classmates.
(2)利用连词so和现在分词短语作状语升级1中的句③
Tom_felt_very_upset，so_Mark_was_determined_to_help_him，talking_to_him_ face_to_face_many_times.
(3)利用who引导定语从句升级1中的句⑤
Now_Tom_has_made_many_friends_who_rely_on_him_as_well.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：just because of this，as far as I know)
In the past，Tom didn't keep his word and this was why he couldn't get along well with his classmates.When he made a mistake or quarrelled with someone else，he always blamed others and never apologized to them.Just because of this，Tom felt very upset，so Mark was determined to help him，talking to him face to face many times.Little by little，his classmates forgave him.Now Tom has made many friends who rely on him as well.As far as I know，it's an art to know how to get on with others and keep friendship.


三言
两语
1.The first thing we can do is to use cloth bags instead of plastic bags when going shopping.
2．It is well­known that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe due to global warming.
3．Consequently，it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that people are more and more aware of the importance of the protection of the environment.
1.节约用水是我们的职责。正如我们所知，没有水我们就不能生存。
It's_our_duty_to_save_water.As we know，we can't_live_without_water.
2．总之，如果大家更多地关注我们的环境，那么，污染会更少，我们的生活会更好，同时我希望大家采取有效措施来保护我们的环境。
In a word，if_everyone_pays_more_attention_to_our_environment，there will be less pollution and our lives will be better and I hope everyone will take_effective_measures_to_protect_our_environment.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．debate n．& vi.辩论；争论，讨论
2．arrest vt.& n．逮捕
3．conflict vi.冲突，抵触 n．冲突；矛盾
4．decrease vt.& vi.减少 n．减少
5．measure n．措施，方法；尺度 vt.测量；估量，判定
6．range n．范围；一系列；山脉 vi.(在一定范围内)变化；排列，排序；包括
7．absorb vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注
8．particular adj.专指的，特指的，特别的；讲究的，挑剔的
9．conserve vt.保护，保存；节省，节约
10．recycle vt.& vi.回收利用
11．duty n．责任，义务，本分
12．production n．产量；生产
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)This smart keyboard precisely measures (measure) the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and that's plenty of time for your skin to_absorb (absorb) a day's worth of Vitamin D.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased(decrease) pollution in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Making lovely objects using recycled(recycle) and made materials.
5．(2017·北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.
6．On getting off the plane，he got arrested(arrest) by the waiting police.
7．Social progress is normally a matter of struggles and conflicts (conflict)．
8．They sat for hours debating(debate) the advantages and disadvantages of setting up their own firm.
9．Let recycled papers be_conserved(conserve) for the many purposes they are more fit for.
拓展单词
1．belief n．看法；信念→believe vt.相信
2．responsible adj.应承担责任的→responsibility n．责任，职责
3．appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会→appreciation n．欣赏；鉴别；感谢
4．impress vt.使印象深刻→impression n．印象→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的
5．operate vt.& vi.经营；动手术→operation n．操作；经营；手术→operator n．操作员；话务员
6．legal adj.法律许可的，合法的→illegal adj.非法的，违法的→illegally adv.非法地，违法地
7．consume vt.消耗，耗费；消费→consumer n．消费者，用户，顾客→consumption n．消费
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．A citizen should be filled with a sense of responsibility for his nation.That is to say，he should be responsible for what he does.(responsible)
2．A lift operator was ill and a famous surgeon operated on her at once.Shortly after the operation，the patient picked up.(operate)
3．Hangzhou is such an impressive city that it often makes a strong impression on visitors and its sights never fail to impress foreign tourists.(impress)
4．The man seized much land illegally.Despite his illegal act，few people thought badly of him.Some people considered that it was legal for him to do so.(legal)
5．I would appreciate it very much if you can give me a hand again.Meanwhile，I want to express my appreciation to you for your helping me before.(appreciate)
6．Experts advise consumers not to buy more groceries until they've already been consumed.This is called rational consumption.(consume)
阅读单词
1．plant n．工厂；发电厂
2．customs n．海关；关税
3．administration n．管理；管理部门；施行；(美国)政府
4．flood n．洪水；大批，大量
vt.&vi.泛滥；淹没；大量涌入
5．vehicle n．交通工具，车辆
6．decade n．十年
7．fuel n．燃料
vt.& vi.提供燃料；加油
8．quantity n．数量
9．credit n．赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.n. 理解，认识
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) Earlier this year，the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China­inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art，with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.vt.激发
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ) The living­room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room...vt.放置
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ) During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course，called Thinking Chess，for three credits.n.学分
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) This production of Shakespeare's Richard Ⅲ will be directed by the National's Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying.n.(电影，戏剧等的)摄制
6．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.n.工作
7．(2017·天津卷) Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people.v. 蜂拥而至

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.open_the_floor 自由发言
2．use_up 用尽
3．run_out_(of) 用完，耗尽
4．clean_up 打扫(或清除)干净
5．in/with_regard_to 关于，至于
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
The population of the world is growing larger，and we are using ①up natural resources.What if they run ②out? ③In/With regard to the topic，we held a class meeting and all of the class opened ④the floor at the meeting.

6.cut_back_on 减少，削减，缩减
7．queue_up 排队等候
8．pick_out 找出，挑选
9．let_off 排放
10．do_one's_part 尽自己的职责
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
In the past few years，the administration has done ⑤its part in environmental conservation.Now manufacturers are willing to cut back ⑥on the production of vehicles in order to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide they let ⑦off.

11.under_way 进行中
12．in_particular 尤其，特别
13．result_in 导致
14．in_use 在使用中
15．blame...on...把……归咎于……
16．rely_on...for...依赖……提供……
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
With the development of society，more and more families own their private cars，which has resulted ⑧in the decline of public transport，because many people rely on cars ⑨for transportation.Some experts blame the worsening environment ⑩on cars，and they appeal to people to use public transport more frequently.Meanwhile，more and more undergrounds will be ⑪in use in the near future.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.the way作先行词的定语从句
First I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste.
(2019·浙江卷)然而，当她挂断电话时，她后悔自己处理电话的方式。
However，when she hung up，she regretted the_way_she_had_handled_the_call.
2.What if...？如果……怎么办呢？
What if they run out？
如果下起雨来，我们又无处避雨怎么办呢？
What_if_it_rains when we can't get under shelter？
3.it作形式宾语
I liked it when you told that joke.
(2016·天津卷) 我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙了，不能跟她交谈。
I hate it_when_she_calls_me_at_work—I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.

1．belief n．看法；信念
(1)beyond belief 难以置信
have (a) belief in 相信
hold the belief that...持有……观点
it is one's belief that...某人相信……
(2)believe in 信任；信赖；相信(……的存在)
believe it or not 信不信由你
it is believed that...人们相信……

a person worthy of belief可以信得过的人
respect other people's beliefs 尊重别人的信仰
have a firm belief in his honesty 对他的诚实深信不疑

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We have a sincere belief in the power of art to enhance human life.
②It's beyond belief that a 14­year­old girl could break the provincial high jump record.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)I believe that good manners are very important to everybody.
①(高级表达)I hold_the_belief_that good manners are very important to everybody.
②(高级表达)It is_my_belief_that good manners are very important to everybody.
2．operate vt.经营，管理；操作 vi.动手术；运转；见效，起作用
(1)operate on sb.(for...) (因某病)给某人动手术
(2)come/go into operation 生效，实行
be in operation 运转中，实施中
put/bring...into operation实施；实行
do/perform an operation on给……动手术

be easy to operate 容易操作
operate factories and mines经营厂矿
operate a patient on the head给病人头部做手术

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It is said that some new rules will come/go into operation next month.
②Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in operation.
[能力提升]——一句多译
这位病人非常危险，所以医生们决定立刻给他动手术。
①The patient was in great danger，so the doctors decided to_operate_on_him immediately.(operate)
②The patient was in great danger，so the doctors decided to_do/perform_an_ operation_on_him immediately.(operation)
3．impress vt.使印象深刻；盖印；使铭记，使牢记
(1)be impressed by/with 被……打动；对……有深刻印象
impress sth.on/upon sb.(＝impress on/upon sb.sth.) 使某人铭记某事
impress sb.with sth.使某人牢记某事
(2)make/leave a deep impression on sb./one's memory 给某人留下深刻的印象

impress a mark on/upon a surface＝impress a surface with a mark在表面上打记号
impress on me the value of hard work让我铭记艰苦劳动的价值
impress the consumer with a good advertising campaign以广告宣传运动加深消费者的印象

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①My father impressed the importance of honesty on/upon me.
②The little boy impressed me with his big and bright eyes the first time I saw him.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)He impressed me deeply with his performance at the concert.
①(高级表达)I was_deeply_impressed_with/by his performance at the concert. (impress)
②(高级表达)His performance at the concert left/made_a_deep_impression_on_ me.(impression)
4．measure n．措施，方法；尺度 vt.测量；估量，判定 vi.(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为
(1)take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事
make...to one's measure 依照某人的尺寸做……
beyond measure无法估量；极度；非常
(2)measure...by...用……来衡量……

measures for increasing the output 增产的措施
be measured in metres 以米计量
measure five metres across有五米宽
take measures to preserve the environment from pollution 采取措施保护环境免受污染

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Education should not be measured only by examination results.
②Measures have been taken to_solve(solve) traffic problems in big cities.
③In the old days，my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with Spring Festival coming.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)There are some tall trees on the hill and some measure 30 metres.
(高级表达) There are some tall trees on the hill，some_measuring_30_metres.(用独立主格结构)
[名师点津]　①measure作“措施”讲时，常用其复数形式。
②measure表示“有……长(宽、高等时)”，可看成系动词，不用被动语态及进行时态，若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。
5．range n．(变动)范围；一系列；分类；山脉 vi.(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序
(1)in/within range of 在……范围内
beyond/out of range (of)　超出/不在(……的)范围
a range of 一系列的
(2)range from...to...从……到……变化/不等
range between...and...在……之间变动

people from a diverse range of backgrounds 各种不同背景的人
range the books by size按书的大小排列
patients whose ages ranged from 13 to 25 years年龄在13到25岁之间的病人

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①There is a range of mountains in my hometown.
②If we are beyond range of the signal，our phones can't be used.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)The temperature changes a lot and it ranges between 18 and 35 degrees centigrade in July in this city.
(高级表达)The temperature changes a lot，ranging_from_18_to_35 degrees centigrade in July in this city.
6．appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会，理解
(1)appreciate (sb./one's) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if...如果……，我会感激不尽
(2)in appreciation of 欣赏；感激
express/convey/show...appreciation to sb.对某人表达……的感谢

appreciate your help very much 非常感谢你的帮助
appreciate English poetry欣赏英语诗歌
appreciate his readiness to help others 欣赏他乐于助人的态度

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I really appreciate my teacher helping (help) me with math in his spare time.
②Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you've done for us.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)I would be grateful to you for turning off the lights.
(高级表达)I_would_appreciate_it_if you could turn off the lights.(appreciate)
7．absorb vt.吸收(气体、液体、热、光等)；理解；使全神贯注
(1)absorb knowledge/information 掌握知识/信息
absorb one's attention/the attention of sb.吸引某人的注意
absorb...into...把……吸入……
absorb oneself in...全神贯注于……
(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的
be absorbed in...全神贯注于……
(3)absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的，引人入胜的

absorb a great deal of the Roman culture大量吸收罗马文化
be absorbed in thought 在沉思
be absorbed into the blood 被吸收进入血液

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Alcohol may take a few minutes to_be_absorbed(absorb) into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.
②When deeply absorbed (absorb) in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
③The novel was so absorbing (absorb) that she read on without a break.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)The singer was absorbed in his singing.The singer forgot to have his lunch.
(高级表达)Absorbed_in_his_singing，the singer forgot to have his lunch.(用过去分词作状语)
[名师点津]　be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in...。
8．responsibility n．责任，职责
(1)have the/a responsibility to do...有责任/有义务做……
bear/take the responsibility for 承担对……的责任，为……负责
a sense of responsibility 责任感
(2)be responsible for 应对……负责；对……有责任

rights and responsibilities 权利和责任
take responsibility for arranging the food 负责安排食物的事宜
a strong sense of responsibility towards parents 对父母强烈的责任感
have no responsibility for that accident 对那个事故没有责任

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The court feels it has a responsibility to_ensure (ensure) that customers are not misled.
②You should be responsible for what you did.
③(2019·江苏卷) Her responsibility(responsible)，her privilege，would be to rescue it.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Police believe that the same man is responsible for three other murders in the area.
(高级表达) Police believe that the same man takes/bears_the_responsibility_for three other murders in the area.(responsibility)
9．run out (of) 用完，耗尽
run out 结束；用完(主语为物，无被动语态)
run across 偶然遇到；穿过
run after 追赶；追求
run into 撞上；偶然遇见

run out of fuel用完燃料
run across her in the public library 在公共图书馆碰巧遇见了她
run after every new fashion 赶时髦

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①So many places of interest does Beijing offer that most visitors simply ran out of time before visiting them all.
②I ran across some old letters while I was clearing out a drawer.
[能力提升]——一句多译
这个男孩用完了钱，因此他不得不向父母求助。
①The boy's money ran_out so he had to ask his parents for help.(run)
②The boy ran_out_of_his_money so he had to ask his parents for help.(run)
③The boy's money gave_out/was_used_up so he had to ask his parents for help.(give/use)
[易错辨析]　表示“用完”，run out，give out为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物(时间、食物、金钱等)；run out of和use up为及物动词短语，其主语一般为人。
10．pick out 找出，挑选；辨认出，区分；领会，弄明白
pick up 拿起，捡起；收拾，整理；(偶然)学会；用车接；收听到；好转；感染
pick on 挑选；招惹；找茬儿；责备
pick off 摘去；逐个毁掉；瞄准射击

pick out the meaning of the passage 领会这篇文章的含义
pick out the best items on the menu从菜单上选出最好的菜
pick on me to do the work 挑选我干这个工作

[基础练习]——写出下列句中pick out的含义
①She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.挑选
②There were so many people at the conference that I couldn't pick him out.辨认出
③Having read the passage many times，I finally picked out its main idea.领会
[能力提升]——完成句子
他的小说被评委们评为最佳作品。
His story was_picked_out_as_the_best by the judges.
11．(教材P25) What_if they run out? 如果它们用完了怎么办呢？
[句型公式]　What if...？意为“如果……将会怎样；即使……又有什么关系？”
(1)What if...？为省略结构。what if用于提出假设时，其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(通常为should＋动词原形)。
(2)What for? 为何目的，为何理由？
What/How about...? ……怎么样？
Guess what? 你猜怎么着？
[金句推送]　 What if we use it in case of an emergency? 如果我们在紧急事件中使用它，那又会是怎样？
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①What if anything should happen to the child?
②How about going shopping and seeing a show in London?
③Seven months ago I never would have believed this，but guess what? Bart Conner is on that team.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)If I fall sick and can't work，what shall I do?
(高级表达)What_if_I_fall_sick and can't work?
12．(教材P31) I liked_it_when_you_told_that_joke.我喜欢你讲的那个笑话。
[句型公式]　句中like是及物动词，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的从句。
(1)英语中在表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常不直接加宾语从句，而用it作形式宾语，然后再加宾语从句作真正的宾语，这类动词有appreciate，enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer等。
(2)一些动词短语后面也常用it作形式宾语然后加真正的宾语，常见的有depend on，rely on，see to(确保)等。
(3)在take it for granted that...中也有这类用法。
[金句推送] 　I dislike/hate it when I am left alone to start a conversation with a stranger.
我不喜欢被单独留下来和一个陌生人聊天。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I don't like it when the weather gets really cold.
②We can depend on it that he will arrive here on time.
[能力提升]——完成句子
我可以保证一切都会及时准备就绪。
I can see to it_that_everything_is_ready in time.

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Last but not least，it's everyone's responsibility to make (make) good use of water.
2．The doctor is performing an operation (operate) on the injured child.
3．It is especially important to make a good first impression (impress) at a job interview.
4．Absorbed (absorb) in his work，he didn't hear what I said.
5．Emergency measures have_been_taken (take) to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide so far.
6．The belief (believe) that one should work hard is rooted in our culture.
7．She has had a number of different jobs，ranging (range) from chef to swimming instructor.
8．We would appreciate you letting (let) us know of any problem.
9．People who eat slowly tend to_consume(consume) about 70 fewer calories per meal than those who rush through their meals.
10．However，just 12% of disaster­relief funding in the past two decades(decade) has gone on reducing risks in advance.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．I hate it when you don't say what you are thinking.
2．We opened the floor to the different suggestions that they had made at the meeting.
3．Don't worry.If anything goes wrong，I'll take responsibility for it.
4．I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
5．We have already run out of money and I don't know what to do next.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．Honestly speaking，people who break traffic rules are on the decrease.
2．It was a good concert—I enjoyed the last song in particular.
3．The more difficult the questions are，the less_likely(likely) he is to answer them.
4．Large quantities of food are_wasted (waste) because of the way it looks.
5．Since her arrival (arrive) at the department，she has been a reorganized authority on the subject.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①随着经济的发展，环境变得越来越糟。
With_the_development_of_economy，the environment is getting worse and worse.
②到了我们采取措施来保护环境的时候了。
It's time for us to_take_measures_to_protect the environment.
③培养责任感是非常重要的。
It's very important to_develop_our_sense_of_responsibility.
④当我们意识到环保的重要性时，我们才会尽职尽责。
When we realize_the_importance_of_protecting the environment we are willing to_do_our_parts for it.
⑤我们应该尝试改变我们的生活方式。
We should try_to_change_our_way_of_life.
⑥回收利用我们使用过的东西。
Recycle_the_things that have been used.
⑦我们应该尽力减少环境污染，以使我们生活得更美好。
We should try_our_best_to_cut_back_on pollution of the environment to live_a_better_life.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用It's time that...升级1中的句②
It's_time_that_we_took/should_take_measures_to_protect_the_environment.
(2)利用“only＋状语从句”位于句首倒装升级1中的句④
Only_when_we_realize_the_importance_of_protecting_the_environment_are_we_willing_to_do_our_parts_for_it.
(3)利用in order that引导目的状语从句升级1中的句⑦
We_should_try_our_best_to_cut_back_on_pollution_of_the_environment_in_
order_that_we_can_live_a_better_life.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：so，firstly，secondly，thirdly，above all)
With the development of economy，the environment is getting worse and worse.So it's time that we took measures to protect it.Firstly，it's very important to develop our sense of responsibility.Only when we realize the importance of protecting the environment are we willing to do our parts for it.Secondly，we should try to change our way of life.Thirdly，recycle the things that have been used.Above all，we should try our best to cut back on pollution of the environment in order that we can live a better life.


三言
两语
1.In spite of all this，the government called on the whole nation to support the places hit by the worst disaster.
2．When a new product comes into being，it must be tested out before it is put into use.
3．Nowadays，natural disasters have been more widespread and more frequent，becoming very rapidly an increasing threat to development.
1.使用太阳能的优点是它不会导致任何污染。
An advantage of using the solar energy is that_it_won't_cause_any_pollution.
2．一方面，使用手机会分散注意力，因此增加发生交通事故的可能性，另一方面，在公共场合大声地打电话也不礼貌。
On_one_hand，using mobile phones will distract users' attention，thus increasing_the_chance_of_terrible_accidents.On_the_other_hand，talking loudly on the phone in public places is far from being_polite.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．consequence n．结果，后果
2．harvest n．收获；收成 vt.& vi.收割(庄稼)
3．transform vt.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态
4．confirm vt.&vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信
5．profit n．利润，收益 vi.& vt.对……有 用；获益
6．conduct vt.实施；指挥乐队
7．relate vt.联系
8．insert vt.插入，嵌入
9．brief adj.短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·北京卷)．..she spent the next two years researching online and conducting (conduct) trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth­friendly.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)This is quite important，because it is directly related (relate) to your commitment.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Before choices are finalised，parents/carers will be asked to sign to_confirm(confirm) their child's choices.
4．The company has_been_transformed (transform) from a family business to a multi­million­pound operation now.
5．All villagers，young and old，went out to_harvest(harvest) crops.
6．Profiting(profit) in this way is winning popularity by cheating the public.
7．The audience complain that inserted(insert) advertisements are boring when they are watching TV series.
8．It was your idea，so now you have to accept all the consequences(consequence).
拓展单词
1．permit vt.许可，准可 n．许可证→permission n．准许，许可，批准
2．judge vt.&vi.判断→judgement n．判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决
3．adopt vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳→adopted adj.收养的→adoption n．采用；收养
4．accurate adj.准确的，精确的→accurately adv.准确地，精确地→accuracy n．精确，准确
5．major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n．专业→majority n．多数，大多数
6．frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frightened adj.(人)感到害怕的
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Your judgement is right.Judging from his look，he must be angry with us.But we can't judge a person only by his/her appearance.(judge)
2．Mary was too frightened to tell her family about her frightening experience because it frightened her to death.(frighten)
3．Her father would not permit her to drive alone even though she had got her driving permit.Without her father's permission，she had to go out by bus or on a bike.(permit)
4．Support for inter­country adoption is particularly strong in America，where parents adopt more foreign children than all the rest of the world.(adopt)
5．To predict weather accurately and give us more accurate information，the observers try their best to guarantee the accuracy of their observation.(accurate)
6．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job.(major)
阅读单词
1．agriculture n．农业
2．summary n．总结；概况，概要
3．nutrition n．营养
4．concept n．概念；观念
5．original adj.原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的
6．breakthrough n．突破
7．profession n．职业，行业
8．catastrophe n．灾难，灾祸
9．physician n．医师；内科医生

1．(2019·浙江卷)John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.vt.评选为
2．(2018·天津卷)Instead of seeing my boys as losers，I pushed and encouraged them.vt. 催促，鞭策
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)In all，from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient，we've got 72 hours at most.vt.采集








[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.on_the_one_hand...on_the_other_hand...一方面……另一方面……
2．take...into_consideration 认真考虑
3．put...in_place 准备就绪，布置妥当
4．deal_with 处理，对付
5．be/get_burnt_out 耗尽体力，累垮
6．turn_out 结果是，证明是；生产
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
As is known to us all，more and more technologies are being adopted nowadays，which greatly promotes the local economy.①On the one hand，rapid development of the economy improves the living conditions of people; on the other hand，it speeds up environmental destruction.Taking everything ②into consideration，the government realizes what is most important is to deal ③with pollution，so they put everything ④in place to prevent environment from being polluted.

7.toy_with 戏弄，摆弄；把……当作儿戏
8．push_ahead_with 义无反顾地进行，努力推进
9．follow_in_one's_footsteps 效仿某人
10．in_favour_of 赞同，支持
11．point_out 指出
12．in_summary 概括地说
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Nowadays more and more scientists have the intention of cloning cows，goats and other animals.A physician even has decided to follow ⑤in Ian Wilmut's footsteps to push ahead ⑥with research in order to produce human body.Some people are in favour ⑦of it while others are against it.Those who oppose it hold the belief that this action is toying ⑧with nature，and it is illegal.

13.for_sale 供出售，待销售
14．in_agreement_with 同意；与……一致
15．compared_with 与……相比较
16．make_sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通
17．rather_than 而不是
[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)
Independence is the ability to make decisions and choices and to act ⑨in agreement with them.Compared ⑩with other boys，Tony learned to rely on himself from an early age.He would send milk and sell newspapers for his pocket money rather ⑪than turn to his parents for help.His mother thought it made ⑫sense to develop the sense of being independent when children were young.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.the first (＋n./pron.) 后常接不定式作定语
The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.
在夏天我想做的第一件事就是躺在树下吃冰淇淋。
I think the_first_thing_to_do in summer is to lie under a tree and eat ice cream.
2.more...than...“与其说……倒不如说……”
The boy was more frightened than hurt.
喜欢听音乐与其说是一种爱好，不如说是一种生活方式。
Enjoying listening to music is more_a_way_of_life_than_an_interest.
3.否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义
Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) food.
对于学生学习而言，图书馆是最好的地方。
Nowhere_is_better_than the library for students to study.

1．adopt vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳
be adopted by被……所收养
be adopted from选自……，取自……
adopt one's advice/suggestion/plan/idea 采纳某人的建议/计划/想法

adopt a child收养一个孩子
adopt the newest modern technology 采用现代的最新技术
adopt a positive attitude 采取积极的态度

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The name Rangers was adopted from an English rugby club.
②Paul's mother had him adopted(adopt) because she couldn't look after him herself.
[能力提升]——完成句子
艺术运动指的是一些艺术家共同采纳的一种绘画风格。
Art movement means a style of painting (that_is)_adopted_by_a_group_ of_artists.
[名师点津]　adopt与adapt两词词形相近，但意思不同，adapt 意为“适应；改编，改写”。
2．consequence n．结果，后果
(1)as a consequence(＝in consequence) 因此，结果
in consequence of(＝as a consequence of) 由于……的缘故，因而
answer for/deal with/take/suffer/face the consequences 承担后果
of no/little consequence 无足轻重的，不重要的
(2)consequent adj.必然的；随之发生的
consequently adv.因此；必然地

accept the full consequences of your behaviour 承担你的行为所引起的全部后果
in consequence of his bad work由于他工作表现不好
be of great consequence to all of us对我们所有人都非常重要

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We must answer for the consequences of our own deed.
②She was a bright and eager student and，consequently (consequent)，did well in school.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)A great fire broke out，and as a result，the house was completely destroyed.
①(高级表达)A great fire broke out，and as_a_consequence/in_consequence，the house was completely destroyed.
②(高级表达)As_a_consequence_of/In_consequence_of a great fire，the house was completely destroyed.
3．transform vt.& vi.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态；转化；转换；改造
(1)transform...into...使……变成……
transform into 转化成；改造为
be transformed from...into...由……变成……；由……迁到……
(2)transformation n. (外观或性质的)改变，变革

transform one form of energy into another把一种形式的能变成另一种形式的能
be transformed from a quiet farming village into a busy port 由安静的农村变为繁忙的港口
transform himself into a successful businessman 让自己变成一个成功的商人

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Every moment of every day，energy is being transformed from one form into another.
②He has made a complete transformation (transform) from a comedian into a dramatic actor.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Her bitter experience has turned her into a stronger person.
(高级表达)Her bitter experience has_transformed_her_into a stronger person.(transform)
[联想发散]　“把……变成……”的其他表达：turn/change...into...。
4．majority n．多数，大多数
(1)in a/the majority 占大多数
a/the majority of 大多数……
by/with a majority of 以大多数……
(2)in a/the minority 占少数
(3)major in 主修……；以……为专业

form the majority of the population占人口总数的一大半
in the vast majority of cases在绝大多数情况下
be elected by a large majority/by a majority of 3,240 以大多数票/超过对方3 240票当选

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Our country is a traditional agricultural society，with a majority of farming population.
②But even though some British people are quite strange，the majority of them are (be) really friendly and I've made some good friends.
[能力提升]——完成句子
在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。
The white are in_the_majority in Australia while the native people (are) in_the_minority.
[名师点津]　the majority of＋
5．brief adj.短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的 n．简要；摘要
(1)in brief简单地说
to be brief简言之
(2)briefly adv. 短暂地；简短地
briefly speaking简言之

make a brief visit 作短暂的访问
a brief pause in the conversation对话中短暂的停顿
tell in brief the importance of the work 简要谈谈这项工作的重要性

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It's not easy to_be(be) brief，especially on a topic you know a lot about.
②Briefly(brief) describe the product，but do not give any technical details at this stage.
[能力提升]——一句多译
简言之，我们不能接受这样的一个计划。
①Briefly_speaking，we can't accept such a plan.(briefly)
②To_be_brief/In_brief，we can't accept such a plan.(brief)
[名师点津]　briefly speaking等由“副词＋speaking”构成的短语可看成固定搭配，不再考虑其逻辑主语和句子主语之间的关系。
6．confirm vt.& vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信
confirm one's belief 坚定某人的信念
be confirmed by sb.被某人认可
It has been confirmed that...已确定/证实……

confirm the report 证实那则报道
confirm the appointment of Mr.Collins as managing director确认科林斯先生为总经理的任命
be confirmed by observation 为观测所证实

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He was_confirmed(confirm) as captain for the rest of the season yesterday.
②It has already been confirmed that the meeting will be held next week.
[能力提升]——完成句子
已经证实所有的人数学考试都及格了。
It_has_been_confirmed_that all had passed the math exam.
7．favour n．赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒
(1)in favour of 赞同，支持
in sb.'s favour 对某人有利；有助于某人
(2)do sb.the favour to do sth.帮助某人做某事
do sb.a favour(＝do a favour for sb.) 给某人以恩惠；帮某人一个忙
ask a favour of sb.(＝ask sb.a favour) 请某人帮忙

win the favour of the boss赢得老板的好感
favour the growth of plants 有助于植物生长
go out of favour已过时；失宠；不再受欢迎

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Everyone present at the meeting was in favour of what he put forward.
②Please do me a favour and go to the shop for me.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Could you help me (to) take these bags in?
①(高级表达)Could you do_me_the_favour_to_take these bags in? (favour)
②(高级表达) Could you assist_me_in_taking these bags in? (assist)
8．frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐
(1)frighten...away/off 把……吓跑/吓走
frighten sb.into/out of doing sth.恐吓某人做/不做某事
(2)be frightened to do sth.害怕做某事
be frightened of 对……感到害怕

frighten sb.to death把某人吓得半死
be frightened to ride a bike 不敢骑自行车
frighten them not into going there 吓唬他们不要去那里

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The mothers are frightened of the children going camping，for they may get lost in the mountain.
②News of the robberies frightened many people into fitting (fit) new locks to their doors.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)He had tried to coax(哄) the dog to him but，frightened (frighten)，it had run off.
[能力提升]——完成句子
米丽娅姆太害怕了，不敢告诉家人发生了什么事。
Miriam was too_frightened_to_tell_her_family what had happened.
9．on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面……另一方面……
(1)on (the) one hand...on the other (hand)．..意为“一方面……另一方面……”，常用来表述一个事物的两个方面，通常用于引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等。
(2)for one thing...for another (thing)．..意为“首先……，再者……”，陈述的两个方面的情况常常一致。
[金句推送] 　On the one hand，we think that friendship comes first，and a match comes second.On the other hand，since we all tried our best，we had no regret.
一方面，我们认为友谊第一，比赛第二；另一方面，既然我们都尽力了，我们就没有遗憾。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①On the one hand，I want to sell the house，but on the other hand，I can't bear the thought of moving.
②For one thing，she is well­educated; for another，she is pretty.
[能力提升]——完成句子
一方面我们应该发展经济；另一方面我们应该保护环境。
On_the_one_hand，we should develop our economy; on_the_other_hand，we should protect the environment.
10．follow in one's footsteps 效仿某人
(1)follow in the footsteps of...效仿……
follow one's example 以某人为榜样
follow one's advice/directions 听从/遵循某人的建议/指示/说明
follow traffic rules 遵守交通规则
(2)as follows 如下，如下所述

follow this road to the mountain沿着这条路上山
follow Jack's footsteps in the snow跟着杰克在雪中留下的脚印走
follow in his father's footsteps效仿他的父亲；继承他父亲的遗志

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She works in television，following in her father's footsteps.
②This can be done if you proceed as follows.
[能力提升]——完成句子
①我们不能盲目地效仿外国的常规。
We mustn't blindly follow_in_the_footsteps_of foreign practice.
②我们都应以他为榜样，全心全意为人民服务。
We must all follow_his_example and serve the people with all our hearts.
11．take...into consideration 认真考虑
give consideration to...考虑……
show consideration for 对……表示关心
under consideration 在讨论/考虑中
out of consideration for 出于对……的考虑/体谅

give consideration to the keywords考虑关键词
show consideration for anyone but yourself 为别人考虑而不是你自己
out of consideration for personal interest出于个人兴趣考虑

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You should take fuel consumption into consideration when buying a car.
②Could you turn your music down and show a little consideration for the neighbors?
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达) If you take all things into consideration，you will find that governments would want to ban drugs.
①(高级表达)All_things_taken_into_consideration，you will find that governments would want to ban drugs.(用独立主格结构)
②(高级表达)With_all_things_taken_into_consideration，you will find that governments would want to ban drugs.(用with复合结构)
12．(教材P42) The_first_mammal_to_be_cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。
[句型公式]　句中不定式短语to be cloned...作后置定语修饰the first mammal。
动词不定式作后置定语的几种情况：
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the only，the last，the right时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
(2)动词不定式作后置定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，opportunity，ambition，attempt，offer，way以及time，place等。
(3)动词不定式作后置定语表示将要发生的动作。
[金句推送]　(2019·江苏卷) Despite their many differences，all human beings share several defining characteristics，such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.
尽管他们有很多不同之处，但所有人都有一些共同的特征，比如脑容量大，能用两条腿直立行走。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He is always the first to_bear(bear) hardships and the last to_enjoy(enjoy) comforts.
②In addition，they will strengthen their ability to_accept (accept) new and exciting mathematical challenges.
③He was grateful for a chance to_relax(relax) at the weekend.
[能力提升]——一句多译
艾米是唯一目击这起车祸的人。
①Amy was the only person that_witnessed the car accident.(定语从句)
②Amy was the only person to_witness the car accident.(不定式)
13．(教材P50) The boy was more frightened than hurt.这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。
[句型公式]　句中的more...than...结构意为“与其说……倒不如说……” ，此结构强调more后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比，more和than后接不定式、形容词、副词的原级、名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。
no more than 仅仅；只不过
no more...than...和…… 一样不……
not more than 不超过
not more...than...没有……那样……
more than 多于，超过；不仅仅；非常，很；超出
[金句推送]　(2016·全国卷Ⅱ·写作佳句 ) Environmental protection is more a responsibility for our students than interest.
环境保护是我们学生的责任，而不是兴趣。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The man was more brave than wise，so he failed many times.
②The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.
[能力提升]——完成句子
当他的儿子再次说谎时，与其说他生气倒不如说他失望。
He was more_disappointed_than_angry when his son lied again.
14．(教材P59) Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) food.转基因食品就是最好的例子。
[句型公式]　句中nowhere...truer...为“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。
最高级意义的多种表达法：
(1)the＋形容词/副词最高级
(2)否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
(3)否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)
(4)比较级＋than＋

[金句推送] 　Nobody can do the work better than he did.这项工作他做得最出色。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He is studying harder(hard) than any other student in this class.
②No one is as intelligent as Tom in his class.
[能力提升]——完成句子
①(普通表达)What an interesting novel! It is the most moving novel that I have ever read.
(高级表达) What an interesting novel! I have never read_a_more_moving_one.
②(普通表达)It was not until then did I realize I was the happiest in the world.
(高级表达) It was not until then did I realize nobody was_happier_than_I_was in the world.

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．He was a wonderful father to both his natural and adopted(adopt) children.
2．A majority of Africans are (be) forced to work for the Europeans.
3．They frightened the small boy into telling (tell) them the secret.
4．You can't follow in another person's (person) footsteps，and no one else will be able to follow in yours.
5．Every moment of every day，energy is_being_transformed (transform) from one form into another.
6．I don't think him to be the best man to_do (do) the job because he is very careless.
7．Experiments on animals have_been_conducted (conduct) long before the medicine was applied to patients.
8．His success was a long history; but briefly (brief) speaking，he succeeded after many failures.
9．Smiling and laughing has actually (actual) been shown to relieve tension and stress.
10．Security should be taken into consideration(consider) with any Website.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Now I wonder whether you could do me a favour.
2．No human being could have passed a happier childhood than me.
3．She worked hard at her lessons and as a consequence got high marks.
4．Scientists have recently confirmed that it is possible to develop a malaria vaccine (疟疾疫苗)．
5．On the one hand，I can earn some money to reduce the burden of my family.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．I'm sorry I offended you，but it wasn't my intention (intend)．
2．I'm sure that all of you will profit from this special experience.
3．The loss has not yet been calculated accurately (accurate)，but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
4．I have been told the Learning Center provides help for students and I'm anxious to_get (get) help from you.
5．Dr.Yuan also helps many less developed countries to increase their rice harvests (harvest)．
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句 (加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①随着科技的发展，越来越多的新发明正被人们采用。
With the development of science and technology，more and more new inventions are_being_adopted.
②它们满足了我们日常生活的需要，让我们受益匪浅。它们给我们带来了不好的影响。
They have_met_our_needs in our daily life and profited_us a lot.They have_some_bad_effects_on us.
③它使人们相互联系更加容易。越来越多的人沉湎于网络。他们身体要垮掉了。
It has made it easier for people to_get_in_touch_with each other.More and more people are_addicted_to the Internet.They are_getting_burnt_out.
④对于网络的使用，我们必须要谨慎。(be cautious with)
We should be_cautious_with the use of the Internet.
⑤总的说来，新发明给我们带来的利要大于弊。
In_summary new inventions are bringing us more_advantages_than_ disadvantages.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用on the one hand...on the other hand...升级1中的句②
On_the_one_hand，they_have_met_our_needs_in_our_daily_life_and_profited _us_a_lot;_on_the_other_hand，they_have_some_bad_effects_on_us.
(2)利用连词but和so that引导结果状语从句升级1中的句③
It_has_made_it_easier_for_people_to_get_in_touch_with_each_other，but_ more_and_more_people_are_addicted_to_the_Internet_so_that_they_are_getting_burnt_out.
3．衔接成美文 (注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：take the Internet for example，as a consequence，however)
With the development of science and technology，more and more new inventions are being adopted.On the one hand，they have met our needs in our daily life and profited us a lot; on the other hand，they have some bad effects on us.Take the Internet for example.It has made it easier for people to get in touch with each other，but more and more people are addicted to the Internet so that they are getting burnt out.As a consequence，we should be cautious with the use of the Internet.However，in summary new inventions are bringing us more advantages than disadvantages.


三言
两语
1.It is well known that the positive feelings produced by laughter not only make us happy but also help us reduce pain.
2．I owe you an apology for the fact that I can't go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
3．We students has made it a rule to read English magazines every day.
1.听到被著名大学录取的好消息时，他突然大笑起来。
Hearing the good news that he was admitted by a key­university，he burst_into_laughter.
2．你认为什么使你在如此短的时间内取得了这么大的进步？
What_do_you_think lead you to make such great progroess in such a short time？

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．burst vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂
2．guarantee vt.&n.保证；担保
3．behave vi.&vt.表现
4．attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到；达到
5．glare vi.怒目而视；发出炫目的光
6．polish vt.提高；修改；润色
7．positive adj.积极的；正面的；肯定的
8．tear vt.撕，扯
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Basic human rights，including freedom of speech，are now guaranteed(guarantee)．
2．It must be acknowledged that this object has not been attained(attain)．
3．The father glared(glare) at the naughty boy and scolded him for his behaviour.
4．So an obvious question arises：can we spot bubbles when they occur and predict when they are about to_burst(burst)．
5．He tore(tear) his clothes and dived into the lake.
拓展单词
1．perform vt.&vi.演出，表演；做，履行；工作，运转→performance n．表演，演出；表现，业绩→performer n．表演者；演员
2．fit adj.健康的；合适的 vt.& vi.适合→fitness n．健壮，健康；适合
3．amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐→amused adj.愉快的；被逗乐的→amusing adj.有趣的；引人发笑的→amusement n．消遣，娱乐，乐趣
4．strength n．力量，力气→strengthen vt.&vi.增强；巩固
5．participate vi.参加，参与→participant n．参加者，参与者→participation n．参加，参与
6．instruct vt.教授，传授；指示，命令；告知→instructor n．教练；导师→instruction n．教授；指示，命令；说明→instructive adj.有教育意义的；有启发性的
7．anger n．怒，怒火，怒气→angry adj.发怒的，生气的→angrily adv.生气地，气愤地
8．fool n．傻子 vt.愚弄→foolish adj.愚蠢的→foolishness n．愚蠢
9．variety n．(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的→vary vi.&vt.变化；改变
10．technical adj.技术的；技能的→technically adv.技巧上地，与技术有关地→technician n．技师，技术人员→technique n．技术，技巧；技能
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Recently，Samuel，an American Jazz performer succeeded in performing at his college.The audience were impressed by his amazing performance.(perform)
2．To the audience's amusement，the actor's amusing performance really amused them and they all felt amused.(amuse)
3．You are not strong and you'd better strengthen with rich food.Then you'll have enough strength to work.(strong)
4．In the live courses，students and an instructor meet in the online classrooms for instruction.(instruct)
5．Angry customers often make complaints to let off their anger，because saying something angrily can make them comfortable.(anger)
6．Many technical experts at that time had doubts about the new technology of making paper.(technique)
阅读单词
1．comedy n．喜剧
2．visual adj.视觉的
3．saying n．格言，谚语，警句
4．mourn vt.&vi.哀悼，忧伤
5．initial adj.最初的，初始的n.(人名的)首字母
6．alongside prep.&adv.在……旁边；与……一起
7．cosy adj.暖和舒适的，惬意的
8．setting n．(戏剧，小说等的)情节背景；场景；环境
9．tease vt.取笑；揶揄；戏弄

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Summer Company provides students with hands­on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.经营；管理
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing，changing the face of Kilimanjaro.面貌，表面

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.trip_over 绊倒
2．make_fun_of 拿……开玩笑；取笑，嘲弄
3．come_up_with 想出；拿出
4．pass_away 去世，亡故
5．stand_up_for 支持，维护
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Charlie Chaplin was a household name in the world.It seemed that he was a born comedian.On the stage，he behaved strangely，such as ①tripping_over a chair and being ②made_fun_of.He ③came_up_with many ways to make people burst into laughter and people all liked his performing styles.He ④passed_away in 1977，which shocked many people at that time.

6.take_on 接纳
7．make_room_for 为……腾出地方
8．burst_in 闯进；突然闯入
9．glare_at 对……怒目而视
10．hold_out 递出；拿出；伸出
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
A bus was about to pull out of the stop after ⑤taking_on passengers when a young man ⑥burst_in.The driver was frightened and he ⑦glared_at the young man.The young man ⑧held_out a handbag to a passenger.After his explanation，people understood that the passenger had left her handbag in the young man's shop after she did some shopping and the young man came to return it.Many people praised the young man for what he had done.

11.a_variety_of 种种；各种各样的
12．have_affection_for 喜爱，钟爱
13．drive_away 赶走；驱赶
14．be_popular_with 受……欢迎
15．be_broadcast_live_on_TV 在电视上直播
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
The World Cup Finals ⑨will_be_broadcast_live_on_TV tonight，which is the only television programme that my husband ⑩has_affection_for.There are ⑪a_variety_of football competitions，among which the World Cup ⑫is_popular_with the most people.

[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.疑问词＋do you think＋陈述语序
Which of the events above do you think will be the funniest？
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)你认为过去100年里最重要的女性是谁？
Who_do_you_think was the most important woman of the past 100 years？
2.动词＋it＋从句
I like it when the comedian talks to people in the audience.
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)如果你能给我这个机会做一名志愿者我将很感激。
I'll_appreciate_it_if you can give me the opportunity as a volunteer.
3.as if后接省略句
Of course.(moves over as if to make room for Tony)
我们跟踪的那个男人突然停下并四处张望，好像在看他是否走了正确的方向。
The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked around as_if_to_see whether he was going the right direction.

1．variety n．(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式
(1)a variety of＝varieties of种种，各种各样的，各种不同的
the variety of ……的品种
(2)various adj.各种不同的；各种各样的
(3)vary vt.& vi.改变；变更；变化；不同
vary with...随着……而变化
vary in 在……方面不同/有差异
vary from...to...由……到……情况不等

for a variety of/varieties of/various reasons由于各种原因
vary from place to place各个地方变化不同
vary with the time随着时间而变化
vary in price在价格方面不同/有差异

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①As we can see，the prices of vegetables vary with the season.
②(2015·浙江卷·书面表达)We may have various (vary)ways to deal with such a situation.
③(2015·安徽卷) If you come to visit China，you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety (vary)．
④The variety of food at the restaurant is (be) limited，but the amount of each dish is fairly large.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)He is always making up all kinds of jokes to make everyone laugh.
(高级表达)He is always making up a_variety_of/varieties_of jokes to make everyone laugh.
[名师点津]　a variety of/varieties of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；the variety of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
2．behave vi.&vt.表现
(1)behave well/badly 行为规矩/不规矩；表现好/不好
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
well-behaved/badly-behaved adj.表现好/差的
(2)behaviour n．举止；行为；态度

behave well and be polite in public在公共场合举止端庄，有礼貌
behave very badly towards their guests 对客人们很不礼貌
the well­/badly­behaved children表现好的/差的孩子们
good/bad behaviour towards sb.对待某人好/坏的态度

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behaviour in front of the class.(behave)
②Mom disliked it when I behaved badly (bad) in front of the guests.
[能力提升]——一句多译
在公共场合举止端庄、有礼貌，这对每个人来说很重要。
①Behaving_well_and_being_polite_in_public is very important for everyone. (behave well)
②It is very important for everyone to__behave_oneself_and_be_polite_in_public. (behave oneself)
3．perform vt.&vi.演出，表演；做，履行；工作，运转
(1)perform one's duty/promise履行职责/诺言
perform an experiment/operation 做实验/手术
(2)performance n．表演，演出；表现；执行，履行
give/put on a performance演出；表演
performer n．执行者；表演者，演奏者；演员

had better perform your duty/promise最好履行职责/诺言
set out to perform the operation开始做手术
perform a different function起着不同的功能/作用
perform well/badly/poorly工作运转好/不好
give/put on a wonderful performance给出一个精彩的表演

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Once performed(perform)，the works of Beethoven must attract all the people present at the concert.
②On National Day，our class put on a wonderful performance(perform)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
在家听音乐是一回事，去现场听正在被演奏的音乐完全是另一回事。
①Listening to music at home is one thing；going_to_hear_it_being_performed _live is quite another.(perform)
②Listening to music at home is one thing；going_to_hear_it_being_played_live is quite another.(play)
4．amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐
(1)amuse sb.by/with...用……逗某人开心
amuse oneself自娱自乐
(2)amused adj.被逗笑的，愉快的
be amused at/by被……逗乐，以……为乐
be amused to do...觉得做……好笑
amusing adj.有趣的，好玩的，逗人笑的
(3)amusement n．消遣，娱乐
to one's amusement令某人开心的是

be able to amuse myself for a few hours我能使自己快乐几个小时
be amused at/by his stories被他的故事逗笑了
keep children amused for hours使孩子们快乐好几个小时
to my amusement使我感到好笑的是
find the joke amusing发现这个笑话好笑

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The summer camp afforded kids endless amusement(amuse)．
②His amusing(amuse) movement amused everybody present yesterday.
③Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues amused with/by her stories.
④However amusing (amuse) the novel is，I have to put it away and focus my attention on my studies this week.
[能力提升]——一句多译
小男孩为他在动物园里所看到的兴奋不已。
①The little boy was_amused_at_what_he_saw in the zoo.(be amused)
②What the little boy saw in the zoo amused_him.(amuse)
[名师点津]　表示“使欢乐，使娱乐”的词还有entertain，excite，delight，fascinate，please等。
5．participate vi.参加，参与
(1)participate in参加
participate in sth.with sb.和某人一起参与某事
(2)participant n．参加者，共享者
participation n．参与；分担；共享

participate fully in the running of the company全面参与公司的管理
participate in the discussion with her friends和她的朋友一起参加讨论
be an active participant in the discussion在讨论中是一名积极的参与者

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①A back injury prevented him from active participation(participate) in any sports for a while.
②The teacher encouraged me to participate in the discussion with other students.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Everyone in the class is expected to take an active part in/join actively in these discussions.
(高级表达)Everyone in the class is expected to participate_actively_in these discussions.
6．guarantee vt.&n.保证；担保
(1)guarantee to do sth.保证做某事
guarantee sb.sth.＝guarantee sth.to sb.保证某人得到某物
guarantee that...保证……
be guaranteed to do sth.肯定会做某事
(2)give sb.a guarantee给某人保证/承诺
under guarantee在保修期内

can (not) guarantee that you will get the ticket(不)能保证你能得到那张票
guarantee the kid a toy保证给孩子一个玩具
be guaranteed to do the right thing保证一定做正确的事
give him a guarantee that...向他保证……
be still under guarantee还在保修期内

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I guarantee to_pay (pay)off my debts on time，no matter what happens.
②The fridge is_guaranteed (guarantee)for three years and it is under guarantee now.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我能保证你会对结果很满意。
①I_can_guarantee_that you will be satisfied with the result.(guarantee v．)
②I_can_give_you_a_guarantee_that you will be satisfied with the result. (guarantee n．)
[名师点津]　“保证某人做某事”的表达不能用guarantee sb.to do...，只能用guarantee to do...或guarantee that...。
7．instruct vt.教授，传授；指示，命令；告知
(1)instruct sb.to do sth.指导/指示某人做某事
instruct sb.in sth.指导某人某事
(2)instruction n．[C](常用复数)命令，指示；(复数)说明书，使用指南；[U]指导
obey/follow instructions遵从指令/指示；按照说明
(3)instructive adj.富有教益的；有启发性的

instruct him to collect information about...命令他收集关于……的信息
instruct all children in the use of the library教所有的孩子们使用图书馆
follow her instructions听从她的指示
find the talk very instructive认为这个报告很有教益

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Ms.Shen gave us instructions(instruction) and then we worked by ourselves.
②As scheduled，we participated in several instructive(instruct) activities.
③The college will need an additional teacher to_instruct (instruct) the boys in cooking.
④I read the instructions (instruct) on the box carefully but still couldn't operate the machine.
[能力提升]——句型转换
At the start of the new term，all children were instructed in the use of the library.
→At the start of the new term，all children were instructed to_use the library.
[名师点津]　instruct 作“命令”讲，后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
8．burst(burst，burst) vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂
(1)burst in/into闯入/破门而入……
(2)burst out突然迸发；爆发
突然哭起来/笑起来
burst with(anger/joy)充满，满怀(愤怒/喜悦)
(3)a burst of一阵……

burst into a room闯入房间
burst with anger and shame恼羞成怒
a burst of machine­gun fire一阵机关枪声

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He almost burst with pride when his son began to excel at football.
②A burst of clapping followed the ending of the song.
③He was just about to leave when someone burst into his room.
④Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst in.
[能力提升]——一句多译
看到她的同学因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑，她突然大哭起来。
①Seeing her classmates burst_out_laughing because of her foolish mistakes，she burst_out_crying.(burst out)
②Seeing her classmates burst_into_laughter because of her foolish mistakes，she burst_into_tears.(burst into)
[名师点津]　burst in中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；而burst into后接宾语。
9．come up with想出；拿出
keep up with与……同步，跟上(强调状态)
catch up with跟上(强调动作)
put up with忍耐，忍受；熬过
end up with以……结束

come up with new ways/ideas提出新的方法/想法
the moon comes up月亮升起
the seeds come up 种子发芽
something unexpected came up意外的事情发生

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Specialists can come up with new ways to solve the problem of air pollution.
②Without your help，the experiment will end up with failure.
③After being out of school so long，she had to work hard in order to catch up with the others.
[能力提升]——完成句子
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have_come_up_ with (提出)a low­cost device(装置) that gets around this problem....
②As soon as the project came_up(被提出) at the meeting，it attracted many people's attention.
[名师点津]　come up with意为“提出”，主语(多是人)是提出者，后面的宾语才是被提出的内容；come up意为“被提出”，其主语(多是物)是被提出的内容，无被动语态。
10．take on接纳
take after 与……相像；效仿
take for 把……当成……；误以为
take in 吸收，接纳；理解，领会；欺骗
take off脱下；(飞机等)起飞；(事业等)腾飞；大受欢迎
take over 接管，接任
take up 占据；开始处理，从事；开始做，学着做；继续

take on the hardest job承担最重的工作
take on more people雇用更多的人
take on a new look呈现新的面貌
take on more passengers接纳更多的乘客

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to take over our lives.
②I found it easy to take in what the professor had said.
③Internet shopping will ready take off when people make sure that it is safe.
[能力提升]——完成句子
①我脱掉靴子，在火炉旁坐下。
I took_off_my_boots and sat by the fire.
②随着经济的恢复，越来越多的工人受到雇用。
With economy recovering，more and more workers are_taken_on.
③格伦已经开始学起陶艺来了。
Glenn has_taken_up pottery.
11．hold out 递出；拿出；伸出
hold back隐瞒；退缩；阻止，抑制
hold on别挂断；等一等；坚持
hold on to坚守；保留(房屋、财产等)；抓住
hold up举起，拿起；支撑；拦住，耽搁
hold off推迟，延迟；(使)疏远或避开

held out a small bunch of wild flowers拿出一小串野花
hold out a friendly hand伸出友好之手
the money holding out for 2 days维持两天的钱
can hold out for a few hours能坚守几个小时

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He has determined to hold on this job whatever difficulties he might run into.
②The traffic police held up the traffic to allow the pupils to cross the road.
③If we believed something was true，good and beautiful，we should hold on to it.
④No one can hold back the wheel of history.
[能力提升]——完成句子
那个水手在岸上遭到抢劫。
The sailor was_held_up while he was on shore.
12．(教材P1)Which of the events above do_you_think will be the funniest? 你认为上面这些事件中哪一件是最有趣的？
(1)do you suggest/think是插入语，能用作插入语的动词还有：hope，believe，suppose，guess，say等。常见的句型结构有：
①特殊疑问词(作主语)＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分(语序不变)?
②特殊疑问词＋插入语＋句子其他部分(陈述语序)?
(2)I think，I believe，I suppose，I guess，I imagine，I find，I say，I know等也可用作插入语，置于句中或句末，一般用逗号隔开。此类插入语若置于定语从句中，可不用标点。
[金句推送]　When do you suggest we begin our discussion about the history of the origami(折纸术)artist?
你建议我们什么时候开始讨论这位折纸艺术家的历史啊？
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①When do you suggest we hold a meeting to talk about the problem?
②Why do you think the earth's temperature keeps rising?
③It is impossible，I think (think)，that we should finish the job in such a short period of time.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)Who should be sent to work on the farm？Do you suggest?
(高级表达)Who_do_you_suggest(should) be sent to work on the farm？

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．He wanted to satisfy himself that he had given his best performance (perform)．
2．With my English teacher's patient instruction (instruct) and help，I made great progress in my English learning.
3．Your behaviour (behave)does not come up to the expected standard.
4．We grow various(variety) crops，including cabbages，wheat and potatoes.
5．It's said that he is an active participant (participate) in the civil rights movement.
6．We were greatly amused(amuse) to hear about him sitting on the wet paint.
7．Only when one is in good health can he or she guarantee to_learn (learn) efficiently.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．The car is less than a year old，so it is still under guarantee.
2．I was amazed that he'd come up with this sweet idea.
3．Each child should participate in extracurricular activities at school.
4．Children get the opportunity to take on full responsibility for another creature's life.
5．I'd thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday，but the pain was really unbearable.
6．He was just about to leave when someone burst in.
7．People like to make fun of each other on April Fool's Day.
8．We must dare to stand up for the truth and dare to correct mistakes.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．Shops were crowded (crowd) with customers looking over the colourful displays.
2．I have a detailed routine that is designed to strengthen (strong) both my mind and body.
3．We now know that repressing anger (angry) is a contributory factor in many physical illnesses.
4．Whenever he got a chance，he would ask his dog to amuse his friends with some tricks.
5．Walking is a good way of improving fitness (fit)．
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①昨天在拥挤的电影院里，我观看了由我喜爱的著名年轻喜剧演员在舞台上表演的单口喜剧。
Yesterday I watched the stand­up by the young famous commedian who I have_affection_for on the stage in the crowded cinema.
②他的表演如此好笑以至于观众们都放声大笑。
His performance was so amusing that all the audience burst_into_laughter watching him.
③你认为是什么使他在如此短的时间内取得了这么大的进步？
What do_you_think lead him to make such great progress in such_a_short time?
④众所周知，世界上没有免费的午餐。
As_is_known_to_all，there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.
⑤只要坚持目标努力学习就一定会成功。
He_is_guaranteed_to succeed if he holds_on_to his aim and works hard on it.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用“so引起的倒装句”升级1中的句②
So_amusing_was_his_performance_that_all_the_audience__burst__into_laughter_watching__him.
(2)利用“only强调状语且置于句首”升级1中的句⑤
Only_if_he_holds_on_to_his_aim_and_works_hard_on_it_is_he_guaranteed_to_succeed.
3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：what's more)
Yesterday I watched the stand­up by the young famous commedian who I have affection for on the stage in the crowded cinema.So amusing was his performance that all the audience burst into laughter watching him.
What do you think lead him to make such great progress in such a short time？As is known to all，there is no such thing as free lunch in the world，what's more，I think only if he holds on to his aim and works hard on it is he guaranteed to succeed.