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人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world精品学案设计
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world精品学案设计，共15页。学案主要包含了关系副词的指代及功能，关系副词的基本用法，关系副词和关系代词的正确使用，关系副词易错点，易混从句对比，判断定语从句的关系副词的方法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
定语从句（二）：关系副词的用法
一、关系副词的指代及功能
二、关系副词的基本用法
1．关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。
◆I still remember the time when I first travelled by plane． 我仍然记得我第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。
◆I shall never frget the day when we mved int ur new huse.
（先行词the day还原到从句中为: we mved int ur new huse n the day , 作时间状语，用when 或 n which）
我永远不会忘记我们搬入新房子的那一天。
2．关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。
◆This is the village where my father was brn. （先行词the village还原到从句中为: my father was brn in the village, 作地点状语，用where 或in which）
这就是我父亲出生的村庄。
◆The huse where I lived ten years ag has been pulled dwn． 我十年前居住的那所房子已经被拆除了。
3．关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reasn，关系词在从句中作原因状语。
◆This is the reasn why he missed the early bus.
（先行词the reasn还原到从句中为: he missed the early bus fr the reasn, 作原因状语，用why 或fr which）
这是他错过早班车的原因。
◆Can yu tell me the reasn why yu didn’t cme t his birthday party?
你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？
三、关系副词和关系代词的正确使用
关系副词和关系代词的选择要看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分：如果作状语，则用关系副词；如果作主语、宾语、表语，则用关系代词，而不能只看先行词是什么。
例子1：
1）I’ll never frget the day（that/ which）I spent with yu n the farm. (先行词the day还原到从句中为: I spent the day with yu n the farm, 作spent的宾语，用that/ which)
我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起度过的那一天。
2）I’ll never frget the day when I wrked with yu n the farm. (先行词the day还原到从句中为: I wrked with yu n the farm n the day, 作时间状语，用when或n which)
我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起工作的那一天。
例子2：
1）He wrks in the factry（that/ which ）I visited last year. (先行词the factry还原到从句中为: I visited the factry last year, 作visited 的宾语，用that/ which)
他在我去年参观的那个工厂工作。
2）He wrks in the factry where these bikes are made. (先行词the factry还原到从句中为: these bikes are made in the factry, 作地点状语, 用where或in which)
他在制造这些自行车的那个工厂工作。
四、关系副词易错点：
五、易混从句对比
六、判断定语从句的关系副词的方法
如果先行词是指代“时间的名词”，还原到定语从句中作时间状语，则用关系副词when；如果先行词是指代“地点的名词”，还原到定语从句中作地点状语，则用关系副词where；如果先行词是指代“原因的名词（reasn）”，还原到定语从句中作原因状语，则用关系副词why。
一、用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空
1. I still remember the day_________ I first came t Beijing.
2.This is the rm ______ my grandparents lived last year.
3.D yu knw the reasn______ he refused t g t Mary’s birthday party.
4. China is a large cuntry ______ many different dialects are spken.
5.The factry ______ his father wrks is in the west f the city.
6.This is the hspital______ my mther wrks.
7.That is the reasn ______ I did the jb.
8. I dn’t knw the exact time ______ they will meet.
9. I still remember the place______ I met her fr the first time.
10.That’s ne f the reasns ______ I asked yu t cme.
11．We visited the huse _________ the famus scientist nce lived.
12．The car _________ windw gt brken in the accident belngs t Mr Brwn.
13．This is the primary schl _________ bth my brther and I stayed fr six years.
14．It was a perid _________ they met very frequently.
15．When I arrived, my friend tk me t see the huse _________ I wuld be staying.
16．We have cme t a pint _________ everyne has different pinins and it is difficult t reach an agreement.
17．Bb is nw in a psitin _________ he has n mre mney t pay his rent.
18．One f the reasns _________ he was refused in the interview was that his spken English was terrible.
19．The reasn _________ he gave up his wellpaid jb isn’t knwn t us.
20．I’ll never frget the time _________ we spent tgether in the army camp.
二、单项选择
1.I dn’t knw the reasn______ he refused t attend the meeting .
A. why B. which C. when D.what
2.That’s the htel ______ we were staying last summer.
A. that B. where C. when D.why
3.They will fly t Washingtn, they plan t stay fr tw r three days.
A. whereB. there C. whichD. when
4. We live in an age ________ mre infrmatin is available with greater ease than ever befre.
5.Sme pre-schl children g t a day care center, _______they learn simple games and sngs.
A. thenB. there C. while D. where
6.Many cuntries are nw setting up natinal parks ____animals and plants can be prtected.
A. when B. which C. whse D. where
7.The exact year _______ Mary and her family spent tgether in China was 2018.
A. whenB. which C. whatD. where
8.The Science Museum, _______ we visited during a recent trip t Britain, is ne f Lndn’s turist attractins.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
9.As a child, Jack studied in a village schl, ______ is named after his grandfather.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
10. The village has develped a lt______we learned farming tw years ag.
A. whenB. which C. that D. where
11.Students shuld take part in cmmunity activities ____ they can gain experience fr grwth.
A. wh B. when C. which D. where
12.As the smallest child f his family, Jack is always lnging fr the time ________ he shuld be able t be independent.
A. which B. where C. whm D. when
13.It’s helpful t put children in a situatin _______ they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
14. —What d yu think f teacher, Bb？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a jb ____yu are ding smething serius but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
15.Tday, we’ll discuss a number f cases_______ beginners f English fail t use the language prperly.
A. whichB. asC. whyD. where
三、写出句中所缺单词的正确形式
1. The ld cuple were at last (rescue) by the lcal peple.
2. The spaceship was (damage) because f a crash.
3. He was lucky enugh t survive in the accident, wh was the (survive).
4. Everywhere they lked, nearly everything was (destry).
5. The pr man starved t (die).
答案：
一、用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空
1. when/ n which 2 where /in which 3. why/fr which 4. where /in which 5. where /in which
6. where /in which 7. why/ fr which 8. when/at which 9. where /in which 10. why/ fr which
11 where 12．whse 13 where 14． When 15． where
16．where 17．where 18 why 19． why 20． ethat/which
二、单项选择
1-5 ABABDD 6-10 DBAAD 11-15 DDDAA
三、写出句中所缺单词的正确形式。
1.rescued 2.damaged 3.survivr 4.destryed 5.death
一、完形填空
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Hw d yung peple learn best? This is smething I think a lt when I am teaching freign languages t yung peple. I ften 1 that traditinal teaching 2 are hardly effective fr yung brains t learn a freign language.
After mving t suthern Italy, I was 3 t have had the chance t 4 a private curse teaching English t children under 7. I 5 children liked singing and enjyed games s I wanted t use these 6 t help my students 7 English cnversatin skills. I fund sme fun and 8 sngs nline, which they lved very much. I als fund the English versin f sme nursery rhymes(童谣)they nce were 9 with. All f them were very entertaining and helpful but 10 culd still nt have a basic 11 in English.
I wanted these students t be 12 in the language I was teaching and I als wished them t speak it. I was eager t deliver 90% f my lessns in English. 13 , I knew it wuld be difficult t get them t talk in a freign language they 14 speak utside ur lessns. S I had t 15 a simple yet effective plan.
One day I decided t 16 a dialgue in English and rather than simply getting students t repeat the phrases, I gt them t chant (反复唱) 17 . I discvered that chanting was a practical way t get students t speak in English-it 18 !
S when teaching English t yung peple nw, I 19 them t make up their wn chants t help them remember 20 r cmplex sentences.
1．A．suggestB．knwC．findD．guess
2．A．materialsB．prcessesC．attitudesD．methds
3．A．anxiusB．luckyC．surprisedD．puzzled
4．A．getB．fferC．meetD．run
5．A．cnsideredB．realizedC．prvedD．insisted
6．A．activitiesB．tlsC．skillsD．lessns
7．A．develpB．practiceC．supprtD．increase
8．A．glbalB．nativeC．equalD．easy
9．A．ppularB．familiarC．similarD．particular
10．A．studentsB．teachersC．writersD．readers
11．A．cnversatinB．perfrmanceC．applicatinD．cntact
12．A．experiencedB．interestedC．cncernedD．puzzled
13．A．BesidesB．TherefreC．HweverD．Luckily
14．A．fairlyB．eagerlyC．nearlyD．seldm
15．A．cme up withB．put up withC．keep up withD．catch up with
16．A．prepareB．manageC．cnnectD．bring
17．A．thatB．itC．neD．them
18．A．matteredB．valuedC．wrkedD．wndered
19．A．persuadeB．encurageC．remindD．cmmand
20．A．expressinsB．cnversatinsC．cursesD．measures
二、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Taking ntes is very imprtant in high schl. If yu dn’t take ntes, yu may find it difficult t g ver the lessns. 21． Yu need t get sme skills in rder t take perfect ntes. Here are sme tips t help yu.
Try nt t verd it. Sme students like writing dwn every wrd. 22． If yu want t write dwn every wrd, yu may miss the mst imprtant pints. Sme peple learn well by listening carefully, writing dwn a few key pints, and then ging ver the material after class when they have mre time. S just make sure that yu’ve written dwn the mst imprtant pints.
Ask yur teacher t repeat smething. 23． If yu’ve missed smething r the teacher is ging t fast, yu can raise yur hand and ask yur teacher t repeat it. Chances are if yu missed smething, ne f yur classmates might have missed t. S there’s nthing wrng with asking fr smething t be repeated.
24． Reviewing r recpying yur ntes when yu get hme can help yu remember what yu have learnt during the day. D the ntes yu’ve taken match up with (匹配) yur textbk? Yu can als cmpare yur ntes with a friend. This helps yu remember the mst imprtant pints and can help when preparing fr a test r an exam.
Review yur ntes frm time t time. If yu dn’t review yur ntes, yu may frget what yu have learned. But if yu review yur ntes regularly, yu’ll remember well what yu’ve learned. This can help yu a lt when yu have t take a test r an exam. 25．
A．This is nt a gd idea.
B．It is helpful t sme students.
C．Dn’t frget t review yur ntes.
D．Review yur ntes n the same day.
E.Hwever, nt everyne knws hw t take ntes.
F.Yu dn’t have t stay up late t g ver yur ntes.
G.Sme students are afraid f stpping a teacher in class.
三、阅读选择
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I ran int quite a few language prblems while travelling with my family last summer.The mst embarrassing was when my Mm aplgized t the peple we were staying with because her “pants were dirty”. They lked at her in amazement, nt knwing hw t react.Yu see, Mm had fallen ver and gtten mud n her jeans.But in Britain, “pants” means underpants(内裤)r knickers, nt trusers as it des back hme.
—Katie frm America
I went t stay with a friend n the west cast last summer.Her flat was n the first flr f a high—rise building s I gt the lift up.Then I wandered rund fr ages lking fr her flat but culdn’t find it.Fed up and tired, I finally had t g ut t find a phne bx.She explained that her flat was n the first flr, which fr me meant the grund flr.
—David frm Britain
When I asked fr the “restrm” in a big department stre, peple kept directing me t a rm with seats where I culd sit and “rest”. It tk me years t get thrugh t smene that I nly wanted the tilet!
—Tm frm America
26．Hearing Katie’s mther’s wrds, Katie’s friends were in surprise because______.
A．Katie’s mther gt mud n her jeans
B．Katie’s mther’s underpants were dirty
C．they didn’t knw English
D．they mistk “pants” in American fr underpants
27．David went ut t find a phne bx t______.
A．phne the plice fr help
B．phne his friend fr help
C．tell his friend he culdn’t g t visit her
D．aplgize fr his being late
28．When Tm asked fr the “restrm”, the peple arund him thught ______.
A．he wanted t g t a department stre
B．he wanted the tilet
C．he wanted t have a rest
D．he wanted a chair
答案详解
一、完形填空
1-5 CDBDB
6-10 BADBA
11-15 ABCDA
16-20 ADCBA
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者在教授英语的过程中，通过让学生自己编歌、唱歌、实现从学习英语转变为说英语。
1．考查动词。结合后文hardly effective fr yung brains t learn a freign language作者“发现”传统的教学方法对年轻人学习外语几乎没有什么效果。。故选C。
2．考查名词。A. materials材料，材质；B. prcesses过程，进程；C. attitudes态度，看法；D. methds方法。此处指传统的教学方法。teaching methds教学方法。故选D。
3．考查形容词。句意：我很幸运地有机会开办了一门私人课程，教7岁以下的孩子学英语。A. anxius焦虑的；B. lucky幸运的；C. surprised感到惊讶的；D. puzzled困惑的。此处指作者很幸运，有机会开设了一门私人课程，教7岁以下的孩子学英语。其他选项不符合语境。故选B。
4．考查动词。句意：我很幸运地有机会开办了一门私人课程，教7岁以下的孩子学英语。A. get得到；B. ffer提供；C. meet满足；D. run经营；开设。结合后文a private curse teaching English t children under 7可知此处指作者开设了一门私人课程。故选D。
5．考查动词。A. cnsidered考虑；B. realized意识到；C. prved证明；D. insisted坚持。结合后文children liked singing and enjyed games可知作者意识到孩子们喜欢唱歌和玩游戏。故选B。
6．考查名词。A. activities活动；B. tls工具；C. skills技能；D. lessns课程。作者想用这些唱歌和玩游戏这些工具来帮助学生发展英语会话技巧。故选B。
7．考查动词。结合后文English cnversatin skills可知此处指发展学生的英语会话技巧。故选A。
8．考查形容词。A. glbal全球的；B. native本地的；C. equal平等的；D. easy容易的。结合上文可知孩子都是七岁以下的，因此此处指作者在网上找到了一些有趣且简单的歌曲。故选D。
9．考查形容词。A. ppular流行的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. similar相似的；D. particular特别的。结合上文they nce were可知此处指孩子们熟悉的英文版的童谣，其他选项不符合语境。故选B。
10．考查名词。结合下文culd still nt have a basic可知此处指学生们仍然不能用英语进行基本的对话。故选A。
11．考查名词。A. cnversatin交谈；B. perfrmance表演；C. applicatin应用，申请；D. cntact接触，联系。结合下文I als wished them t speak it可知作者希望学生们能用英语进行对话。故选A。
12．考查形容词。A. experienced熟练的；B. interested有兴趣的；C. cncerned关心的。D. puzzled困惑的。结合后文in the language I was teaching and I als wished them t speak it.可知作者的努力都是为了让学生对自己教的语言感兴趣。故选B。
13．考查副词。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系，故选C。
14．考查副词。结合上文孩子们说外语很难，因此在课堂下他们很少会用外语对话。故选D。
15．考查动词短语。A. cme up with提出，想出；B. put up with容忍，忍受；C. keep up with赶得上；D. catch up with赶上，追上。结合后文a simple yet effective plan可知是想出一个简单而有效的计划。故选A。
16．考查动词。A. prepare准备；B. manage管理；C. cnnect连接；D. bring带来。结合后文a dialgue in English and rather than simply getting students t repeat the phrases可知作者想要准备一个英语对话的形式来上课，而不是让学生重复短语。故选A。
17．考查代词。此处用them指代前边提到的phrases，故选D。
18．考查动词。A. mattered有重要性；B. valued评估，重视；C. wrked起作用；D. wndered想知道。结合上文I discvered that chanting was a practical way t get students t speak in English可知作者的办法起作用了。故选C。
19．考查动词。A. persuade说服；B. encurage鼓励；C. remind提醒，使想起；D. cmmand命令。结合后文them t make up their wn chants可知作者鼓励学生们自己编歌。故选B。
20．考查名词。结合后文r cmplex sentences可知用唱歌来帮助他们记住表达或复杂的句子。故选A。
二、七选五
21-25 EAGDF
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了如何做课堂笔记。
21．根据前文“Taking ntes is very imprtant in high schl. If yu dn’t take ntes, yu may find it difficult t g ver the lessns.(在高中做笔记是很重要的。如果你不记笔记，你会发现复习功课很困难。)”提到了做课堂笔记的重要性，后文“Yu need t get sme skills in rder t take perfect ntes.”则讲到为了做完美的笔记，需要掌握一些技巧，由此可推知，设空句应包含主题词汇“take ntes”，同时起到过渡作用，提到做笔记不是很容易，以引出下文。选项E“Hwever, nt everyne knws hw t take ntes.(然而，并不是每个人都知道如何记笔记。)”中“Hwever”表达“然而”，可与前文构成转折关系，“hw t take ntes”则起到引出下文的作用，使得前后衔接紧密。故选E项。
22．根据前文“Sme students like writing dwn every wrd.(有些学生喜欢记下每一个字。)”可知，作者提到了学生做笔记的一种情况，由此可推知，设空句应对此情况进行评价，并结合后文“If yu want t write dwn every wrd, yu may miss the mst imprtant pints.(如果你想记下每一个字，你可能会错过最重要的要点。)”可知，此情况应是不好的。选项A“This is nt a gd idea.(这不是个好主意。)”属于评价性语句，且句中“This”与前文“writing dwn every wrd”相呼应，符合语境分析。故选A项。
23．
根据本段主题句“Ask yur teacher t repeat smething.”可知，作者在本段建议可以让老师重复（讲过的知识点），设空句应呼应主题“学生对老师提出要求”，且与段末“S there’s nthing wrng with asking fr smething t be repeated.(所以要求重复一遍并没有什么错。)”相呼应，说明设空句应提及学生对于“要求老师重复或停下”的感受：害怕。选项G“Sme students are afraid f stpping a teacher in class.(一些学生害怕在课堂上阻止老师。)”符合语境分析。故选G项。
24．
设空句为本段主题句。根据后文“Reviewing r recpying yur ntes when yu get hme can help yu remember what yu have learnt during the day.(回家后复习或重新抄一遍笔记可以帮助你记住白天所学的内容。)”可知，本段主题为“复习”，且强调“回家后”，应是指学习当天。选项D“Review yur ntes n the same day.(在同一天复习笔记。)”贴合本段主题。故选D项。
25．
结合语境可知，前文“This can help yu a lt when yu have t take a test r an exam.”中主语“This”应是指代前一句“But if yu review yur ntes regularly, yu’ll remember well what yu’ve learned.(但是如果你有规律地复习你的笔记，你就会记住你学过的东西。)”，即，有规律地复习，可以记住学过的东西，这对于考试有很大的帮助。由此可推知，设空句应对此进行进一步解释，帮助体现在“不需要临时抱佛脚”，选项F“Yu dn’t have t stay up late t g ver yur ntes.(你不必熬夜复习你的笔记。)”符合语境分析。故选F项。
三、阅读选择
26-28 DBC
【分析】这是一篇应用文，通过几个人的有趣经历介绍了英式英语和美式英语间存在的文化差异。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“The mst embarrassing was when my Mm aplgized t the peple we were staying with because her “pants were dirty”. They lked at her in amazement, nt knwing hw t react.Yu see, Mm had fallen ver and gtten mud n her jeans.But in Britain, “pants” means underpants(内裤)r knickers, nt trusers as it des back hme.”可知，凯蒂的妈妈因为在地上摔了一跤，所以，裤子上很脏，她跟其他人说她的“pants”很脏，其他人很吃惊，因为在英国“pants”的意思是内裤或短裤。因此，听到凯蒂妈妈的话，凯蒂的朋友们都大吃一惊，是因为D项“他们把美国的“裤子”误认为“内裤”符合题意。故选D项。
27．细节理解题。第二段“Fed up and tired, I finally had t g ut t find a phne bx. She explained that her flat was n the first flr, which fr me meant the grund flr.”，对我来说那就是底层（grund flr）)”可知，大卫找不到朋友的公寓，因此，向他的朋友打电话求助。因此，大卫出去找了个电话亭，是为了B项“phne his friend fr help(打电话给他的朋友寻求帮助)” 符合题意。故选B项。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“When I asked fr the “restrm” in a big department stre, peple kept directing me t a rm with seats where I culd sit and “rest”可知，当Tm要求去卫生间时，他周围的人都误以为他需要休息，把他引向一个有座位的房间。因此，当汤姆问“洗手间”时，他周围的人都认为C项“he wanted t have a rest(他想休息一下)”符合题意。故选C项。
关系副词高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 21.We have entered int an age _______ dreams have the best chance f cming true.
A. which B. what C. when D. that
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences.
A. why B. where C. which D. what
3.【2016·天津】9. We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
4.【2015·北京】24.Oppsite is St.Paul's Church,___yu can hear sme lvely music.
A. which B.that C.when D.where
5.【2015·天津】15 The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere ______ his emplyees enjy their wrk.
A. where B. whichC. whenD. wh
6.【2015·陕西】15. As the smallest child f his family, Alex is always lnging fr the time he shuld be able t be independent.
A. which B. where C. whm D. when
答案详解
1.【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选C。
2【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
3【答案】D
【解析】试题分析： 句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。
4【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。
5【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmsphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。
6【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when，所以选D。
关系副词
先行词
功能
when
表示时间的名词
时间状语
where
表示地点的名词
地点状语
why
reasn
原因状语
1.where指代抽象地点，意为“在…… 中（下）”
where既可以指代具体的地点名词，也可指代抽象地点名词，常见的抽象地点名词：case, pint, situatin, cnditin, scene, stage, psitin，activity, platfrm, race, envirnment,atmsphere, family, jb等。
I have reached a pint in my life where I shuld make decisins f my wn.
我已经到了一个在我人生中自己做决定的地步了。
Nwadays peple are mre cncerned abut the envirnment where they live.
目前人们更加关心他们所居住的环境。
Life is like a lng race where we cmpete with thers t g beynd urselves. 人生像一场长跑比赛, 我们在比赛中和他人竞争以超越自己。
2.when指代抽象时间，意思为“在 ……的时间里”
when既可以指代具体的时间名词，也可指代抽象时间名词，常见的有ccasin（时机）, time, age, perid等。
Occasins are quite rare when I have the time t spend a day with my kids.我有时间和孩子们呆一天的机会很少。
We are living in an age when many things are dne n cmputers. 我们生活在一个许多事情靠计算机来做的时代。
3.why不能引导非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句不能用why引导, 要用fr which。
I have tld him the reasn, fr which I missed the early bus. 我没赶上早班车, 我已经告诉了他原因。
The main reasn, fr which he lst his jb, was that he drank t much. 他失去工作的主要原因是酗酒。
4.way作先行词
①先行词way在定语从句中充当方式状语，引导词用 that 或in which ，也可省略。（注意不用hw, hw不能引导定语从句。）
②充当主语、宾语，引导词用 that 或which，做主语时不可省略，做宾语时可省略。
This is the way (that/in which) he slved the prblem.
(先行词the way还原到定语从句中为：he slved the prblem in the way，作方式状语，引导词用 that 或in which，也可省略。)
这就是他解决问题的方法。
This is the way (that/which) he used t slve the prblem.
(the way作used的宾语，that/which可省略)
这就是他所使用的解决问题的方法。
This is the way that/which was used t slve the prblem.
(the way作was used的主语，that/which不可省略)
这就是被使用的解决问题的方法。
1.Is this factry the ne (that )yu visited yesterday? (the ne作表语，that引导定语从句，修饰the ne)
Is this the factry (that/ which) yu visited yesterday? (that/which引导定语从句并作宾语，可省略)
2.The ld man has three sns , ne f whm is a teacher. (定语从句，用引导词whm)
The ld man has three sns, and ne f them is a teacher.(并列句，用代词them)
3.The news (that/ which) he tld us is true.(定语从句，引导词用that和which都可)
The news that ur team wn the game is true. (同位语从句，引导词只用that，不用which)
4.The dctr did all (that) he culd t save the by. （有先行词all，that引导定语从句）
The dctr did what he culd t save the by. (没有先行词，what引导宾语从句)
5.As is knwn t the wrld, Mark Twain was a famus writer. (as 引导非限制性定语从句)
It is knwn t the wrld that Mark Twain was a famus writer. (it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语)
What is knwn t the wrld is that Mark Twain was a famus writer. (what引导主语从句)
6.Yu shuld leave things at the place where yu can find them again easily. (有先行词，where引导定语从句, 也可用at which)
Yu shuld leave things where yu can find them again easily. (没有先行词，where引导地点状语从句，不可用at which)
7.It was in this place that he was brn. (强调句)
This is the place where he was brn. (定语从句)
It was in the factry where he wrked that we met each ther tgether. (where引导定语从句，that构成强调句)
8.He is such a gd teacher /s gd a teacher as we all like. (as引导定语从句)
He is such a gd teacher /s gd a teacher that we all like him. （that引导结果状语从句）
9.This is the first time (that) I have cme t Beijing. (time表“次数”，从句引导词用that，也可省略)
There was a time when I didn’t like English. (time表“时间”，定语从句引导词用when)
10.The reasn why he didn’t cme yesterday is that he was ill. (why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句)
A．why
B．when
C．t whm
D．n which
定语从句（二）：关系副词的用法
一、关系副词的指代及功能
二、关系副词的基本用法
1．关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。
◆I still remember the time when I first travelled by plane． 我仍然记得我第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。
◆I shall never frget the day when we mved int ur new huse.
（先行词the day还原到从句中为: we mved int ur new huse n the day , 作时间状语，用when 或 n which）
我永远不会忘记我们搬入新房子的那一天。
2．关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。
◆This is the village where my father was brn. （先行词the village还原到从句中为: my father was brn in the village, 作地点状语，用where 或in which）
这就是我父亲出生的村庄。
◆The huse where I lived ten years ag has been pulled dwn． 我十年前居住的那所房子已经被拆除了。
3．关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reasn，关系词在从句中作原因状语。
◆This is the reasn why he missed the early bus.
（先行词the reasn还原到从句中为: he missed the early bus fr the reasn, 作原因状语，用why 或fr which）
这是他错过早班车的原因。
◆Can yu tell me the reasn why yu didn’t cme t his birthday party?
你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？
三、关系副词和关系代词的正确使用
关系副词和关系代词的选择要看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分：如果作状语，则用关系副词；如果作主语、宾语、表语，则用关系代词，而不能只看先行词是什么。
例子1：
1）I’ll never frget the day（that/ which）I spent with yu n the farm. (先行词the day还原到从句中为: I spent the day with yu n the farm, 作spent的宾语，用that/ which)
我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起度过的那一天。
2）I’ll never frget the day when I wrked with yu n the farm. (先行词the day还原到从句中为: I wrked with yu n the farm n the day, 作时间状语，用when或n which)
我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起工作的那一天。
例子2：
1）He wrks in the factry（that/ which ）I visited last year. (先行词the factry还原到从句中为: I visited the factry last year, 作visited 的宾语，用that/ which)
他在我去年参观的那个工厂工作。
2）He wrks in the factry where these bikes are made. (先行词the factry还原到从句中为: these bikes are made in the factry, 作地点状语, 用where或in which)
他在制造这些自行车的那个工厂工作。
四、关系副词易错点：
五、易混从句对比
六、判断定语从句的关系副词的方法
如果先行词是指代“时间的名词”，还原到定语从句中作时间状语，则用关系副词when；如果先行词是指代“地点的名词”，还原到定语从句中作地点状语，则用关系副词where；如果先行词是指代“原因的名词（reasn）”，还原到定语从句中作原因状语，则用关系副词why。
一、用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空
1. I still remember the day_________ I first came t Beijing.
2.This is the rm ______ my grandparents lived last year.
3.D yu knw the reasn______ he refused t g t Mary’s birthday party.
4. China is a large cuntry ______ many different dialects are spken.
5.The factry ______ his father wrks is in the west f the city.
6.This is the hspital______ my mther wrks.
7.That is the reasn ______ I did the jb.
8. I dn’t knw the exact time ______ they will meet.
9. I still remember the place______ I met her fr the first time.
10.That’s ne f the reasns ______ I asked yu t cme.
11．We visited the huse _________ the famus scientist nce lived.
12．The car _________ windw gt brken in the accident belngs t Mr Brwn.
13．This is the primary schl _________ bth my brther and I stayed fr six years.
14．It was a perid _________ they met very frequently.
15．When I arrived, my friend tk me t see the huse _________ I wuld be staying.
16．We have cme t a pint _________ everyne has different pinins and it is difficult t reach an agreement.
17．Bb is nw in a psitin _________ he has n mre mney t pay his rent.
18．One f the reasns _________ he was refused in the interview was that his spken English was terrible.
19．The reasn _________ he gave up his wellpaid jb isn’t knwn t us.
20．I’ll never frget the time _________ we spent tgether in the army camp.
二、单项选择
1.I dn’t knw the reasn______ he refused t attend the meeting .
A. why B. which C. when D.what
2.That’s the htel ______ we were staying last summer.
A. that B. where C. when D.why
3.They will fly t Washingtn, they plan t stay fr tw r three days.
A. whereB. there C. whichD. when
4. We live in an age ________ mre infrmatin is available with greater ease than ever befre.
5.Sme pre-schl children g t a day care center, _______they learn simple games and sngs.
A. thenB. there C. while D. where
6.Many cuntries are nw setting up natinal parks ____animals and plants can be prtected.
A. when B. which C. whse D. where
7.The exact year _______ Mary and her family spent tgether in China was 2018.
A. whenB. which C. whatD. where
8.The Science Museum, _______ we visited during a recent trip t Britain, is ne f Lndn’s turist attractins.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
9.As a child, Jack studied in a village schl, ______ is named after his grandfather.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
10. The village has develped a lt______we learned farming tw years ag.
A. whenB. which C. that D. where
11.Students shuld take part in cmmunity activities ____ they can gain experience fr grwth.
A. wh B. when C. which D. where
12.As the smallest child f his family, Jack is always lnging fr the time ________ he shuld be able t be independent.
A. which B. where C. whm D. when
13.It’s helpful t put children in a situatin _______ they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
14. —What d yu think f teacher, Bb？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a jb ____yu are ding smething serius but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
15.Tday, we’ll discuss a number f cases_______ beginners f English fail t use the language prperly.
A. whichB. asC. whyD. where
三、写出句中所缺单词的正确形式
1. The ld cuple were at last (rescue) by the lcal peple.
2. The spaceship was (damage) because f a crash.
3. He was lucky enugh t survive in the accident, wh was the (survive).
4. Everywhere they lked, nearly everything was (destry).
5. The pr man starved t (die).
答案：
一、用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空
1. when/ n which 2 where /in which 3. why/fr which 4. where /in which 5. where /in which
6. where /in which 7. why/ fr which 8. when/at which 9. where /in which 10. why/ fr which
11 where 12．whse 13 where 14． When 15． where
16．where 17．where 18 why 19． why 20． ethat/which
二、单项选择
1-5 ABABDD 6-10 DBAAD 11-15 DDDAA
三、写出句中所缺单词的正确形式。
1.rescued 2.damaged 3.survivr 4.destryed 5.death
一、完形填空
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Hw d yung peple learn best? This is smething I think a lt when I am teaching freign languages t yung peple. I ften 1 that traditinal teaching 2 are hardly effective fr yung brains t learn a freign language.
After mving t suthern Italy, I was 3 t have had the chance t 4 a private curse teaching English t children under 7. I 5 children liked singing and enjyed games s I wanted t use these 6 t help my students 7 English cnversatin skills. I fund sme fun and 8 sngs nline, which they lved very much. I als fund the English versin f sme nursery rhymes(童谣)they nce were 9 with. All f them were very entertaining and helpful but 10 culd still nt have a basic 11 in English.
I wanted these students t be 12 in the language I was teaching and I als wished them t speak it. I was eager t deliver 90% f my lessns in English. 13 , I knew it wuld be difficult t get them t talk in a freign language they 14 speak utside ur lessns. S I had t 15 a simple yet effective plan.
One day I decided t 16 a dialgue in English and rather than simply getting students t repeat the phrases, I gt them t chant (反复唱) 17 . I discvered that chanting was a practical way t get students t speak in English-it 18 !
S when teaching English t yung peple nw, I 19 them t make up their wn chants t help them remember 20 r cmplex sentences.
1．A．suggestB．knwC．findD．guess
2．A．materialsB．prcessesC．attitudesD．methds
3．A．anxiusB．luckyC．surprisedD．puzzled
4．A．getB．fferC．meetD．run
5．A．cnsideredB．realizedC．prvedD．insisted
6．A．activitiesB．tlsC．skillsD．lessns
7．A．develpB．practiceC．supprtD．increase
8．A．glbalB．nativeC．equalD．easy
9．A．ppularB．familiarC．similarD．particular
10．A．studentsB．teachersC．writersD．readers
11．A．cnversatinB．perfrmanceC．applicatinD．cntact
12．A．experiencedB．interestedC．cncernedD．puzzled
13．A．BesidesB．TherefreC．HweverD．Luckily
14．A．fairlyB．eagerlyC．nearlyD．seldm
15．A．cme up withB．put up withC．keep up withD．catch up with
16．A．prepareB．manageC．cnnectD．bring
17．A．thatB．itC．neD．them
18．A．matteredB．valuedC．wrkedD．wndered
19．A．persuadeB．encurageC．remindD．cmmand
20．A．expressinsB．cnversatinsC．cursesD．measures
二、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Taking ntes is very imprtant in high schl. If yu dn’t take ntes, yu may find it difficult t g ver the lessns. 21． Yu need t get sme skills in rder t take perfect ntes. Here are sme tips t help yu.
Try nt t verd it. Sme students like writing dwn every wrd. 22． If yu want t write dwn every wrd, yu may miss the mst imprtant pints. Sme peple learn well by listening carefully, writing dwn a few key pints, and then ging ver the material after class when they have mre time. S just make sure that yu’ve written dwn the mst imprtant pints.
Ask yur teacher t repeat smething. 23． If yu’ve missed smething r the teacher is ging t fast, yu can raise yur hand and ask yur teacher t repeat it. Chances are if yu missed smething, ne f yur classmates might have missed t. S there’s nthing wrng with asking fr smething t be repeated.
24． Reviewing r recpying yur ntes when yu get hme can help yu remember what yu have learnt during the day. D the ntes yu’ve taken match up with (匹配) yur textbk? Yu can als cmpare yur ntes with a friend. This helps yu remember the mst imprtant pints and can help when preparing fr a test r an exam.
Review yur ntes frm time t time. If yu dn’t review yur ntes, yu may frget what yu have learned. But if yu review yur ntes regularly, yu’ll remember well what yu’ve learned. This can help yu a lt when yu have t take a test r an exam. 25．
A．This is nt a gd idea.
B．It is helpful t sme students.
C．Dn’t frget t review yur ntes.
D．Review yur ntes n the same day.
E.Hwever, nt everyne knws hw t take ntes.
F.Yu dn’t have t stay up late t g ver yur ntes.
G.Sme students are afraid f stpping a teacher in class.
三、阅读选择
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I ran int quite a few language prblems while travelling with my family last summer.The mst embarrassing was when my Mm aplgized t the peple we were staying with because her “pants were dirty”. They lked at her in amazement, nt knwing hw t react.Yu see, Mm had fallen ver and gtten mud n her jeans.But in Britain, “pants” means underpants(内裤)r knickers, nt trusers as it des back hme.
—Katie frm America
I went t stay with a friend n the west cast last summer.Her flat was n the first flr f a high—rise building s I gt the lift up.Then I wandered rund fr ages lking fr her flat but culdn’t find it.Fed up and tired, I finally had t g ut t find a phne bx.She explained that her flat was n the first flr, which fr me meant the grund flr.
—David frm Britain
When I asked fr the “restrm” in a big department stre, peple kept directing me t a rm with seats where I culd sit and “rest”. It tk me years t get thrugh t smene that I nly wanted the tilet!
—Tm frm America
26．Hearing Katie’s mther’s wrds, Katie’s friends were in surprise because______.
A．Katie’s mther gt mud n her jeans
B．Katie’s mther’s underpants were dirty
C．they didn’t knw English
D．they mistk “pants” in American fr underpants
27．David went ut t find a phne bx t______.
A．phne the plice fr help
B．phne his friend fr help
C．tell his friend he culdn’t g t visit her
D．aplgize fr his being late
28．When Tm asked fr the “restrm”, the peple arund him thught ______.
A．he wanted t g t a department stre
B．he wanted the tilet
C．he wanted t have a rest
D．he wanted a chair
答案详解
一、完形填空
1-5 CDBDB
6-10 BADBA
11-15 ABCDA
16-20 ADCBA
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者在教授英语的过程中，通过让学生自己编歌、唱歌、实现从学习英语转变为说英语。
1．考查动词。结合后文hardly effective fr yung brains t learn a freign language作者“发现”传统的教学方法对年轻人学习外语几乎没有什么效果。。故选C。
2．考查名词。A. materials材料，材质；B. prcesses过程，进程；C. attitudes态度，看法；D. methds方法。此处指传统的教学方法。teaching methds教学方法。故选D。
3．考查形容词。句意：我很幸运地有机会开办了一门私人课程，教7岁以下的孩子学英语。A. anxius焦虑的；B. lucky幸运的；C. surprised感到惊讶的；D. puzzled困惑的。此处指作者很幸运，有机会开设了一门私人课程，教7岁以下的孩子学英语。其他选项不符合语境。故选B。
4．考查动词。句意：我很幸运地有机会开办了一门私人课程，教7岁以下的孩子学英语。A. get得到；B. ffer提供；C. meet满足；D. run经营；开设。结合后文a private curse teaching English t children under 7可知此处指作者开设了一门私人课程。故选D。
5．考查动词。A. cnsidered考虑；B. realized意识到；C. prved证明；D. insisted坚持。结合后文children liked singing and enjyed games可知作者意识到孩子们喜欢唱歌和玩游戏。故选B。
6．考查名词。A. activities活动；B. tls工具；C. skills技能；D. lessns课程。作者想用这些唱歌和玩游戏这些工具来帮助学生发展英语会话技巧。故选B。
7．考查动词。结合后文English cnversatin skills可知此处指发展学生的英语会话技巧。故选A。
8．考查形容词。A. glbal全球的；B. native本地的；C. equal平等的；D. easy容易的。结合上文可知孩子都是七岁以下的，因此此处指作者在网上找到了一些有趣且简单的歌曲。故选D。
9．考查形容词。A. ppular流行的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. similar相似的；D. particular特别的。结合上文they nce were可知此处指孩子们熟悉的英文版的童谣，其他选项不符合语境。故选B。
10．考查名词。结合下文culd still nt have a basic可知此处指学生们仍然不能用英语进行基本的对话。故选A。
11．考查名词。A. cnversatin交谈；B. perfrmance表演；C. applicatin应用，申请；D. cntact接触，联系。结合下文I als wished them t speak it可知作者希望学生们能用英语进行对话。故选A。
12．考查形容词。A. experienced熟练的；B. interested有兴趣的；C. cncerned关心的。D. puzzled困惑的。结合后文in the language I was teaching and I als wished them t speak it.可知作者的努力都是为了让学生对自己教的语言感兴趣。故选B。
13．考查副词。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系，故选C。
14．考查副词。结合上文孩子们说外语很难，因此在课堂下他们很少会用外语对话。故选D。
15．考查动词短语。A. cme up with提出，想出；B. put up with容忍，忍受；C. keep up with赶得上；D. catch up with赶上，追上。结合后文a simple yet effective plan可知是想出一个简单而有效的计划。故选A。
16．考查动词。A. prepare准备；B. manage管理；C. cnnect连接；D. bring带来。结合后文a dialgue in English and rather than simply getting students t repeat the phrases可知作者想要准备一个英语对话的形式来上课，而不是让学生重复短语。故选A。
17．考查代词。此处用them指代前边提到的phrases，故选D。
18．考查动词。A. mattered有重要性；B. valued评估，重视；C. wrked起作用；D. wndered想知道。结合上文I discvered that chanting was a practical way t get students t speak in English可知作者的办法起作用了。故选C。
19．考查动词。A. persuade说服；B. encurage鼓励；C. remind提醒，使想起；D. cmmand命令。结合后文them t make up their wn chants可知作者鼓励学生们自己编歌。故选B。
20．考查名词。结合后文r cmplex sentences可知用唱歌来帮助他们记住表达或复杂的句子。故选A。
二、七选五
21-25 EAGDF
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了如何做课堂笔记。
21．根据前文“Taking ntes is very imprtant in high schl. If yu dn’t take ntes, yu may find it difficult t g ver the lessns.(在高中做笔记是很重要的。如果你不记笔记，你会发现复习功课很困难。)”提到了做课堂笔记的重要性，后文“Yu need t get sme skills in rder t take perfect ntes.”则讲到为了做完美的笔记，需要掌握一些技巧，由此可推知，设空句应包含主题词汇“take ntes”，同时起到过渡作用，提到做笔记不是很容易，以引出下文。选项E“Hwever, nt everyne knws hw t take ntes.(然而，并不是每个人都知道如何记笔记。)”中“Hwever”表达“然而”，可与前文构成转折关系，“hw t take ntes”则起到引出下文的作用，使得前后衔接紧密。故选E项。
22．根据前文“Sme students like writing dwn every wrd.(有些学生喜欢记下每一个字。)”可知，作者提到了学生做笔记的一种情况，由此可推知，设空句应对此情况进行评价，并结合后文“If yu want t write dwn every wrd, yu may miss the mst imprtant pints.(如果你想记下每一个字，你可能会错过最重要的要点。)”可知，此情况应是不好的。选项A“This is nt a gd idea.(这不是个好主意。)”属于评价性语句，且句中“This”与前文“writing dwn every wrd”相呼应，符合语境分析。故选A项。
23．
根据本段主题句“Ask yur teacher t repeat smething.”可知，作者在本段建议可以让老师重复（讲过的知识点），设空句应呼应主题“学生对老师提出要求”，且与段末“S there’s nthing wrng with asking fr smething t be repeated.(所以要求重复一遍并没有什么错。)”相呼应，说明设空句应提及学生对于“要求老师重复或停下”的感受：害怕。选项G“Sme students are afraid f stpping a teacher in class.(一些学生害怕在课堂上阻止老师。)”符合语境分析。故选G项。
24．
设空句为本段主题句。根据后文“Reviewing r recpying yur ntes when yu get hme can help yu remember what yu have learnt during the day.(回家后复习或重新抄一遍笔记可以帮助你记住白天所学的内容。)”可知，本段主题为“复习”，且强调“回家后”，应是指学习当天。选项D“Review yur ntes n the same day.(在同一天复习笔记。)”贴合本段主题。故选D项。
25．
结合语境可知，前文“This can help yu a lt when yu have t take a test r an exam.”中主语“This”应是指代前一句“But if yu review yur ntes regularly, yu’ll remember well what yu’ve learned.(但是如果你有规律地复习你的笔记，你就会记住你学过的东西。)”，即，有规律地复习，可以记住学过的东西，这对于考试有很大的帮助。由此可推知，设空句应对此进行进一步解释，帮助体现在“不需要临时抱佛脚”，选项F“Yu dn’t have t stay up late t g ver yur ntes.(你不必熬夜复习你的笔记。)”符合语境分析。故选F项。
三、阅读选择
26-28 DBC
【分析】这是一篇应用文，通过几个人的有趣经历介绍了英式英语和美式英语间存在的文化差异。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“The mst embarrassing was when my Mm aplgized t the peple we were staying with because her “pants were dirty”. They lked at her in amazement, nt knwing hw t react.Yu see, Mm had fallen ver and gtten mud n her jeans.But in Britain, “pants” means underpants(内裤)r knickers, nt trusers as it des back hme.”可知，凯蒂的妈妈因为在地上摔了一跤，所以，裤子上很脏，她跟其他人说她的“pants”很脏，其他人很吃惊，因为在英国“pants”的意思是内裤或短裤。因此，听到凯蒂妈妈的话，凯蒂的朋友们都大吃一惊，是因为D项“他们把美国的“裤子”误认为“内裤”符合题意。故选D项。
27．细节理解题。第二段“Fed up and tired, I finally had t g ut t find a phne bx. She explained that her flat was n the first flr, which fr me meant the grund flr.”，对我来说那就是底层（grund flr）)”可知，大卫找不到朋友的公寓，因此，向他的朋友打电话求助。因此，大卫出去找了个电话亭，是为了B项“phne his friend fr help(打电话给他的朋友寻求帮助)” 符合题意。故选B项。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“When I asked fr the “restrm” in a big department stre, peple kept directing me t a rm with seats where I culd sit and “rest”可知，当Tm要求去卫生间时，他周围的人都误以为他需要休息，把他引向一个有座位的房间。因此，当汤姆问“洗手间”时，他周围的人都认为C项“he wanted t have a rest(他想休息一下)”符合题意。故选C项。
关系副词高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 21.We have entered int an age _______ dreams have the best chance f cming true.
A. which B. what C. when D. that
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences.
A. why B. where C. which D. what
3.【2016·天津】9. We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
4.【2015·北京】24.Oppsite is St.Paul's Church,___yu can hear sme lvely music.
A. which B.that C.when D.where
5.【2015·天津】15 The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere ______ his emplyees enjy their wrk.
A. where B. whichC. whenD. wh
6.【2015·陕西】15. As the smallest child f his family, Alex is always lnging fr the time he shuld be able t be independent.
A. which B. where C. whm D. when
答案详解
1.【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选C。
2【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
3【答案】D
【解析】试题分析： 句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。
4【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。
5【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmsphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。
6【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when，所以选D。
关系副词
先行词
功能
when
表示时间的名词
时间状语
where
表示地点的名词
地点状语
why
reasn
原因状语
1.where指代抽象地点，意为“在…… 中（下）”
where既可以指代具体的地点名词，也可指代抽象地点名词，常见的抽象地点名词：case, pint, situatin, cnditin, scene, stage, psitin，activity, platfrm, race, envirnment,atmsphere, family, jb等。
I have reached a pint in my life where I shuld make decisins f my wn.
我已经到了一个在我人生中自己做决定的地步了。
Nwadays peple are mre cncerned abut the envirnment where they live.
目前人们更加关心他们所居住的环境。
Life is like a lng race where we cmpete with thers t g beynd urselves. 人生像一场长跑比赛, 我们在比赛中和他人竞争以超越自己。
2.when指代抽象时间，意思为“在 ……的时间里”
when既可以指代具体的时间名词，也可指代抽象时间名词，常见的有ccasin（时机）, time, age, perid等。
Occasins are quite rare when I have the time t spend a day with my kids.我有时间和孩子们呆一天的机会很少。
We are living in an age when many things are dne n cmputers. 我们生活在一个许多事情靠计算机来做的时代。
3.why不能引导非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句不能用why引导, 要用fr which。
I have tld him the reasn, fr which I missed the early bus. 我没赶上早班车, 我已经告诉了他原因。
The main reasn, fr which he lst his jb, was that he drank t much. 他失去工作的主要原因是酗酒。
4.way作先行词
①先行词way在定语从句中充当方式状语，引导词用 that 或in which ，也可省略。（注意不用hw, hw不能引导定语从句。）
②充当主语、宾语，引导词用 that 或which，做主语时不可省略，做宾语时可省略。
This is the way (that/in which) he slved the prblem.
(先行词the way还原到定语从句中为：he slved the prblem in the way，作方式状语，引导词用 that 或in which，也可省略。)
这就是他解决问题的方法。
This is the way (that/which) he used t slve the prblem.
(the way作used的宾语，that/which可省略)
这就是他所使用的解决问题的方法。
This is the way that/which was used t slve the prblem.
(the way作was used的主语，that/which不可省略)
这就是被使用的解决问题的方法。
1.Is this factry the ne (that )yu visited yesterday? (the ne作表语，that引导定语从句，修饰the ne)
Is this the factry (that/ which) yu visited yesterday? (that/which引导定语从句并作宾语，可省略)
2.The ld man has three sns , ne f whm is a teacher. (定语从句，用引导词whm)
The ld man has three sns, and ne f them is a teacher.(并列句，用代词them)
3.The news (that/ which) he tld us is true.(定语从句，引导词用that和which都可)
The news that ur team wn the game is true. (同位语从句，引导词只用that，不用which)
4.The dctr did all (that) he culd t save the by. （有先行词all，that引导定语从句）
The dctr did what he culd t save the by. (没有先行词，what引导宾语从句)
5.As is knwn t the wrld, Mark Twain was a famus writer. (as 引导非限制性定语从句)
It is knwn t the wrld that Mark Twain was a famus writer. (it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语)
What is knwn t the wrld is that Mark Twain was a famus writer. (what引导主语从句)
6.Yu shuld leave things at the place where yu can find them again easily. (有先行词，where引导定语从句, 也可用at which)
Yu shuld leave things where yu can find them again easily. (没有先行词，where引导地点状语从句，不可用at which)
7.It was in this place that he was brn. (强调句)
This is the place where he was brn. (定语从句)
It was in the factry where he wrked that we met each ther tgether. (where引导定语从句，that构成强调句)
8.He is such a gd teacher /s gd a teacher as we all like. (as引导定语从句)
He is such a gd teacher /s gd a teacher that we all like him. （that引导结果状语从句）
9.This is the first time (that) I have cme t Beijing. (time表“次数”，从句引导词用that，也可省略)
There was a time when I didn’t like English. (time表“时间”，定语从句引导词用when)
10.The reasn why he didn’t cme yesterday is that he was ill. (why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句)
A．why
B．when
C．t whm
D．n which
相关学案
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