2024版高考英语一轮总复习第二部分基础语法讲练专题一词法篇第9讲构词法词性转化

专题一　词法篇

第9讲　构词法(词性转化)

★冲关训练→专练如何解

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 　　　　(undoubted) help you get refreshed! 

2.(2021·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)I told him how 　　　　(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.  

3.(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 　　　(day) routines. 

4.(2021·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)Provide 　　　　(finance) aid and other benefits for local people.  

5.(2020·全国高考卷Ⅲ)As the small boat moved 　　　　(gentle) along the river, he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 

6.(2020·天津卷)According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is 　　　　(option). 

7.(2020·全国高考卷Ⅲ)Filled with　　　　(curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 

8.(2020·江苏卷)The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable 　　　　(transform). 

9.Her assistance and encouragement were so beneficial to his psychology that he adapted to his 　　　　(disable) soon. 

10.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 　　　　(gradual) turned into chopsticks. 

【答案】

1.undoubtedly。　修饰动词help作状语，用副词。

2.harmful。　“told him”后面是一个从句，名词plastic是这个从句的主语，需要用形容词来作be的表语。故填harmful。

3.daily。　空格处前面有形容词性物主代词，后面有名词routines,因此这里需要用形容词来修饰后面的名词。故填daily。

4.financial。　句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid;finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。

5.gently。　句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。

6.optional。　句意：根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。as后面是原因状语从句，分析句子成分可知，此处应用形容词作表语。故填optional。

7.curiosity。　句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。

8.transformation。　句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。considerable为形容词，后面应用名词形式，表示“变革”。故填transformation。

9.disability。　his为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，故空格处应填入形容词disable的名词形式disability。

10.gradually。　turned为动词，需要用副词来修饰，故空格处应填入形容词gradual的副词形式gradually。

Ⅱ.语法填空

Chinese cuisine is widely known and enjoyed all around the world. Who doesn’t long for a favourite Chinese dish? But there is an interesting concept 1.　　　　(concern) Chinese food which is almost unheard of in the West, and which is becoming 2.　　　　(increasing) ignored by the youth of the East — the ancient custom of “tonic food”. 

As is known to us, tonic food is food that is consumed to improve one’s well-being or avoid 3.　　　　(sick). For instance, it was once a custom for new 4.　　　　 (mother) to eat a sesame oil hot pot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was a general 5.　　　　 (believe) that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body. Some foods, such as goat meat and spinach, are seen as “hot”, while 6.　　　　(other), such as Chinese cabbage and radish, are seen as “cold”. One should be 7.　　　　(care) not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the 8.　　　　(individual) health. 

The custom of employing tonic foods for a 9.　　　　(healthy) life also influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines, such as wolfberries, can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added to fruit tea or as a very 10.　　　　(benefit) addition to a dish. These herbs attract customers, such as overworked office staff, in need of modest pick-me-up. 

【答案】1.concerning　2.increasingly　3.sickness

4.mothers　5.belief　6.others　7.careful　

8.individual’s　9.healthier　10.beneficial