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【2024年一轮复习模拟卷】第三模拟（浙江专用）- 2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（解析版）
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这是一份【2024年一轮复习模拟卷】第三模拟（浙江专用）- 2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（解析版），共25页。
2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷
第三模拟（浙江专用）
注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Where was the man last night?
A．In the library. B．At the concert. C．At home.
【答案】C
【详解】W: Hello, Tony. Where were you last night?
M: I had to stay at home.
W: But you missed a really wonderful concert!
2．（2023·浙江·舟山中学校考模拟预测）What are the speakers talking about?
A．Preparation for a trip. B．A school day. C．A final exam.
【答案】A
【原文】W: The exam is finally over. Our school camping trip is coming. I think we should prepare for it.
M: OK. We need to buy some bread, cook pots, spoons, plates, cups, and so on. We’d better make a list.
W: Good idea.
3．（2023·江苏·统考模拟）What surprises the man about the cat?
A．That it can eat lots of cat food.
B．That it can lock a door with a key.
C．That it can open the kitchen door.
【答案】C
【原文】W: That cat is so smart. He can open doors.
M: With a key?
W: I’m not sure. Every day, when I go to work, I close the kitchen door. But when I come home it’s open with cat food all over the floor!
M: Wow, that’s amazing.
4．（2023·江苏·统考模拟）When does the conversation take place?
A．In the morning. B．At noon. C．In the evening
【答案】A
【原文】M: It’s amazing how eggs can be made into lots of different meals. You can fry them for lunch, boil them for dinner, and you can even make cakes with them.
W: But do you really want an egg again this morning?
M: Yes, eggs with toast, please.
5．（2023·全国·高考真题）Who is Andy Clarks?
A．A public librarian. B．A TV actor. C．A famous lawyer.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Hi, Stephen, guess who I saw at the city library? Andy Clarkes — the leading actor in The Good Lawyer — the famous TV series.
M: What was he doing there? His popularity has slipped since the final season of the show.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2023·重庆市育才中学校考模拟）听下面一段较长对话，回答6、7小题。
6．How long does the man plan to practice Tai Chi every day?
A．60 minutes. B．30 minutes. C．15 minutes.
7．Why won’t the woman practice Tai Chi in the morning?
A．She can’t get up early. B．She has to work early. C．She dislikes doing exercise then.
【答案】6．A 7．B
【原文】M: I think it’s beneficial to practice Tai Chi.
W: Why do you say that? Have you been practicing Tai Chi recently?
M: Yes. I spend half an hour practicing it every morning. And now I sleep earlier and better than before. I’m thinking about adding another 30 minutes of practice every day.
W: Really? I want to have a try. But I have to get to the office early.
M: You can practice it for 15 minutes after work at first.
W: OK.
（2023·湖南·高三模拟测试）听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．Where will the woman go?
A．To the airport B．To her office C．To the school.
9．What does the woman ask the man to do?
A．Look for some toys B．Meet her boss C．Take care of a baby
【答案】8．A 9．C
【原文】M: Hi! Come in. What’s up?
W: Can you do me a favour? I just got a call from the office, and I have to meet my boss at the airport right away. Is it all right if I leave Jack with you?
M: Sure. No problem. Is he asleep?
W: Yeah, he just fell asleep ten minutes ago. If he wakes up, here’s his bottle and some toys.
M: Don’t worry. I’ll take good care of him.
W: Thanks so much for helping out.
（2023·安徽安庆·高三安徽省太湖中学校考）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What kind of panda sleeps the most?
A．Adult pandas. B．Sub-adult pandas C．Baby pandas.
11．How can the birth program help endangered animals?
A．By providing a more natural environment.
B．By finding mates for them.
C．By training their survival skills.
12．What is the main topic of the conversation?
A．Animal protection. B．Pandas’living habits. C．Different wild animals.
【答案】10．A 11．B 12．A
【原文】W: Mike, do you think reserves could protect animals from extinction?
M: Sure. They give those endangered animals a safe environment to grow up.
W: Like what a zoo can do?
M: No, they’re different. For example, in Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve, you can see the adult pandas spending much time sleeping there, the sub-adult pandas learning to eat bamboo and the baby pandas, which are surprisingly the most active, rolling and climbing around. But they’ll all be trained to survive in the wild some time.
W: Then do zoos also help endangered animals?
M: In a way, as long as the zoo has a birth program.
W: What’s the program about?
M: It helps animals which have trouble finding mates in the wild, and that could help increase their numbers.
W: But the animals in the zoo are not able to return to the wild as they have lost their survival skills, right?
M: Yeah, that’s true.
（2023·河南·洛宁第一高级中学校联考预测）听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Where does the conversation take place?
A．In an office. B．In a hotel. C．On the phone.
14．Who is responsible for the job advertisement?
A．The manager. B．The chef. C．The woman.
15．How much can a waiter earn for an hour’s work?
A．£5.50. B．£7.70. C．£11.02.
16．What can a waiter get from the job?
A．A break for two hours. B．A meal free of charge. C．Free accommodation.
【答案】13．C 14．A 15．A 16．B
【原文】W: Hello, West Bay Hotel. Can I help you?
M: Oh, good morning. I’m ringing about your advertisement in the Evening Gaette.
W: Is that the one for temporary staff?
M: That’s right.
W: Yes. I’m afraid our manager who’s dealing with that isn’t in today, but I can give you the main details if you like.
M: Yes, please. Could you tell me what kind of staff you are looking for?
W: We’re looking for waiters at the moment. There was one post for a cook, but that’s already been taken.
M: Oh, right. Em, what are the hours of work?
W: There are two different shifts—there’s a day shift from 7 am to 2 pm and a late shift from 4 pm till 11 pm M: OK. What about time off?
W: You get one day off every week.
M: Do you know what the rates of pay are?
W: Yes, I’ve got them here. You get £ 5. 50 an hour, and that includes a break.
M: Do I have to go home to eat or. . .
W: You don’t have to. You can get a meal in the hotel if you want to, and there’s no charge for it.
（2023·重庆·西南大学附中校考三模）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A．U.S. students and their future jobs.
B．The life of students in the U.S.
C．Higher education in the U.S.
18．What jobs do American graduate students hope to find?
A．Those that are interesting and well-paid.
B．Those that are very challenging.
C．Those that are quite special.
19．What is the graduate students’ life like in America?
A．Meaningful. B．Tough. C．Interesting.
20．What do most American graduate students think of spending time on their studies?
A．It is unnecessary. B．It is not rewarding. C．It will pay off.
【答案】17．C 18．A 19．B 20．C
【原文】
W: Most American university students study four years or more to get a college degree. During this time, they are called undergraduate students. When a student completes his course, he earns a bachelor’s degree that will help him find a job. Many students stay at university and work for a higher degree. Other students take a job for a few years, then they quit working, and they continue studying at the university. Those students work to earn higher degrees. They are called graduate students. Graduate students specialize in a particular field of study. They study to become experts in their field. They hope that when they get their graduate degrees they will succeed in finding interesting jobs with good salaries.
Graduate usually are usually too busy studying. Often they have to pay high school fees. Some give up studying before they get their degrees. But most keep on working at their studies until they graduate. In today’s world, most gradates don’t regret spending time on studies. They are finding that things are changing fast. New development are occurring in all fields. For many, graduate study has become a necessity.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·江苏镇江·统考模拟预测）Would you like to put an end to slapdash (仓促的), last-minute meals? Downloading a few meal planning apps may give you more time outside the kitchen.
Many meal prep apps focus on calorie-counting and weight loss, but sometimes meal planning comes down to simply getting a delicious, satisfying meal on the table. Finding an app that will do that is key. Take a look at these top meal planning apps and decide which might work for you.
Mealime Meal Plans & Recipes
This app offers healthy recipes, grocery lists, and more. It prioritizes meals that cook in 30 minutes or so. The grocery lists are even made as good as possible to reduce the amount of time you spend at the supermarket, so the whole process, from planning to shopping to cooking, takes up less of your time.
Cozi
This app allows you to move recipe ingredients (原料) to your in-app grocery list. The list is accessible to every member of the family, meaning anyone can swing by the store to shop. Once you start dinner prep, turn on Cozi’s Cooking Mode, which keeps your screen lit so you don’t have to touch it with dirty fingers. Genius!
LaLa Lunchbox
This adorable app takes the stress out of packing lunches by getting kids involved in choosing their meals. New dietary-specific bundles ensure that every kid can use LaLa Lunchbox.
BigOven Recipes & Meal Planner
With a database of more than 350,000 recipes, this app has seasonal collections featured on its home screen to ensure you’re using the freshest in-season ingredients. Our favorite feature of BigOven? The Use Up Leftovers tool, which suggests a recipe you can make with the three ingredients you enter.
21．Which app best suits people who pack lunches for kids?
A．Mealime Meal Plans & Recipes. B．Cozi.
C．LaLa Lunchbox. D．BigOven Recipes & Meal Planner.
22．What is special about BigOven Recipes & Meal Planner?
A．Recommending various ways to lose weight.
B．Suggesting time needed for shopping.
C．Planning meals together with family members.
D．Offering a recipe with given ingredients.
23．What do the four apps have in common?
A．They can count calories. B．They can give suggestions for lunch.
C．They can offer grocery lists. D．They can simplify cooking.
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些既省时又可以准备出美味、令人满意的饭菜的用餐计划应用程序。
21．细节理解题。根据LaLa Lunchbox部分中“This adorable app takes the stress out of packing lunches by getting kids involved in choosing their meals.(这个可爱的应用程序通过让孩子们参与选择他们的饭菜，消除准备午餐的压力)”可知，LaLa Lunchbox可以消除帮孩子准备午餐的压力，最适合给孩子准备午餐的人。故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据BigOven Recipes & Meal Planner部分中“Our favorite feature of BigOven? The Use Up Leftovers tool, which suggests a recipe you can make with the three ingredients you enter.(我们最喜欢的BigOven功能？Use Up Leftovers工具，它会给出你用输入的三种食材做菜的建议)”可知，BigOven Recipes & Meal Planner的特别之处在于它可以根据特定食材提供菜谱。故选D项。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段“Would you like to put an end to slapdash (仓促的), last-minute meals? Downloading a few meal planning apps may give you more time outside the kitchen.(你想要结束仓促的、最后一刻才吃的饭吗？下载一些用餐计划应用程序可能会让你有更多的时间走出厨房)”可知，文章推荐的应用程序针对的是人们在厨房花较少时间、从容地做好饭菜的需求。由此推知，这些应用程序都可以在不同方面简化烹饪。故选D项。
B
（2023·广东惠州·高三模拟）Money Daniels spends several hours every week cleaning up cans and bottles in the rivers near his home with other teen environmentalists in Chattanooga, TN. Together, they have collected more than 1 ton of aluminum cans, nearly 1,000 cans a week for a year. In January, he co-founded a club called the Cleanup Kids with his best friend. The project’s mission: to encourage kids to pick up 1 million pounds of trash across the globe before the end of the year.
Daniels says he first developed a passion for wildlife when he was 3. “As far back as I can remember, I’ve always loved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.
His mission now is saving the earth’s rivers, which he points out are even more polluted than the world’s oceans. “Eighty percent of the ocean’s trash comes from rivers,” he says. In 2019, he adopted the name Conservation Kid on Instagram, and started posting about things like how something as simple as a deserted face mask can entangle (缠住), choke, and kill turtles, birds, and fish. Mask waste has increased an estimated 9,000% since the pandemic(疫情) began.
Although he mostly speaks to other teens, Daniels has found that adults are often persuaded by his argument that cleaning up, recycling, and ridding plastic ought to be a selfish act for humanity: when plastics break down, they can wind up in our drinking water. He has met with the mayor of his city, and his experiences speaking with influential grownups has convinced him that adults can change their habits.
But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we’re 100% of the future,” he says. “And we can save the world.”
24．What led to the birth of Daniel’s project?
A．The inspiration from his best friend.
B．The goal to make a role model for kids.
C．The concern for the ocean life.
D．The idea of other teen environmentalists.
25．Which can be inferred from paragraph 3?
A．The ocean’s trash has grown rapidly.
B．The river pollution requires less attention.
C．Many animals are infected in the pandemic.
D．River waste contributes most to the ocean’s trash.
26．Which of the following can best describe Money Daniels?
A．Optimistic and creative.
B．Caring and responsible.
C．Considerate and generous.
D．Courageous and devoted.
27．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Grownups’ selfish behaviors for humanity.
B．A teenager’s contributions to saving the waters.
C．A youngster’s responsibility to protect the world.
D．Teen environmentalists’ efforts to clean the oceans.
【答案】24．C 25．D 26．B 27．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个青少年为拯救水资源所做的贡献。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Money Daniels spends several hours every week cleaning up cans and bottles in the rivers near his home with other teen environmentalists in Chattanooga, TN. Together, they have collected more than 1 ton of aluminum cans, nearly 1,000 cans a week for a year. In January, he co-founded a club called the Cleanup Kids with his best friend. The project’s mission: to encourage kids to pick up 1 million pounds of trash across the globe before the end of the year.”（Money Daniels和其他青少年环保主义者一起住在田纳西州查塔努加(Chattanooga)，他们每周花几个小时清理家附近河流里的罐子和瓶子。他们总共收集了1吨多的铝罐，每周收集近1000个。今年1月，他和他最好的朋友共同创立了一个名为“清理孩子”的俱乐部。该项目的使命是：鼓励孩子们在年底前在全球捡起100万磅的垃圾。）以及第二段中““As far back as I can remember, I’ve always loved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.”（“从我记事起，我就一直很喜欢动物，”丹尼尔斯说。他对海洋生物特别感兴趣。当他和家人在河边散步时发现垃圾时，他立刻想到了他最喜欢的海洋生物。）可知，对海洋生物的关注促使了丹尼尔斯这个项目的诞生。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“His mission now is saving the earth’s rivers, which he points out are even more polluted than the world’s oceans. “Eighty percent of the ocean’s trash comes from rivers,” he says.”（他现在的任务是拯救地球上的河流，他指出，河流的污染程度甚至比世界上的海洋还要严重。“80%的海洋垃圾来自河流，”他说。）可知，从第三段可以推断出河流垃圾是海洋垃圾的主要来源。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段中““As far back as I can remember, I’ve always loved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.”（“从我记事起，我就一直很喜欢动物，”丹尼尔斯说。他对海洋生物特别感兴趣。当他和家人在河边散步时发现垃圾时，他立刻想到了他最喜欢的海洋生物。）以及最后一段“But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we’re 100% of the future,” he says. “And we can save the world.””（但事实上，拯救地球的重任落在了像他这样的孩子身上。“孩子可能只占人口的一小部分，但我们是100%的未来，”他说。“我们可以拯救世界。”）可推知，丹尼尔斯非常有爱心和责任心。故选B项。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we’re 100% of the future,” he says. “And we can save the world.””（但事实上，拯救地球的重任落在了像他这样的孩子身上。“孩子可能只占人口的一小部分，但我们是100%的未来，”他说。“我们可以拯救世界。”）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一个青少年为拯救水资源所做的贡献。故选B项。
C
（2023·湖南·雅礼中学校考模拟预测）It’s no secret that inhaling (吸入) smoke is bad for your lungs. But now, scientists are suggesting smoke may also carry and spread infectious diseases. The theory, published in Science Magazine, is based on research that found wildfire smoke is crowded with thousands of species of microorganisms. Some of these microorganisms, including bacteria and fungal spores, are known to cause disease.
The new research suggests that when a wildfire burns plant or animal matter and disturbs soils, it exposes thousands of species of bacteria and fungi that otherwise might not easily become airborne (空气传播的). You might think the high heat from fire would kill these organisms, but one study mentioned in the article found that some bacteria even multiply post-fire. Scientists say the organisms attach to smoke particles, allowing them to travel thousands of miles across continents.
Dr. Peter Chen, director of the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, is interested in the theory but somewhat skeptical that the microorganisms in smoke would actually cause infections. Many bacteria and fungi don’t cause lung infections, says Chen, but it’s certainly possible that a significant amount could worsen symptoms in someone with a preexisting lung condition. “I always thought it was the particles in smoke that were causing these issues,” says Chen. “But when I read this, I started thinking: Could it be the microorganisms that are also worsening existing illnesses?”
Whether the microorganisms in smoke actually cause infection or simply worsen potential respiratory (呼吸的) issues, the article raises a new health threat that is “certainly alarming”, says Kelsey Jack, an associate professor of environmental and development economics. This is especially true for lower-income populations, Jack says, because people with fewer means are often more exposed to the environment. If smoke is affecting the air quality in a certain area, the people who work outside, or who have to go to the office on foot or by bike will inhale more smoke than those who drive.
But until more research is done, Chen says the best thing people can do is just follow existing recommendations when air quality is poor—including staying indoors, keeping windows and doors closed, using HEPA filters and running air conditioning.
28．What can we know about the microorganisms from paragraph 2?
A．They could be killed by high heat.
B．They could reproduce in large numbers after fires.
C．They could possibly travel through air by themselves.
D．They can easily attach themselves to smoke particles.
29．How do most microorganisms affect people according to Dr. Peter Chen?
A．They might worsen lung diseases. B．They will cause lung infections.
C．They will destroy living environments. D．They might damage respiratory systems.
30．Why are low-income people suffering more than others?
A．They live in poor areas.
B．They drive to and from work.
C．They have suffered from lung disease.
D．They are exposed to polluted air more frequently.
31．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A．Results of the new research.
B．Suggestions on dealing with poor air quality.
C．Disagreements between the author and Chen.
D．Benefits of preventing smoke from polluting the air.
【答案】28．B 29．A 30．D 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们认为烟雾也可能携带和传播传染病。发表在《科学》杂志上的这一理论基于一项研究，该研究发现野火烟雾中充满了数千种微生物。其中一些微生物会引起疾病。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“You might think the high heat from fire would kill these organisms, but one study mentioned in the article found that some bacteria even multiply post-fire.(你可能会认为火的高温会杀死这些生物，但文章中提到的一项研究发现，一些细菌甚至会在火后繁殖)”可知，从第二段我们可以了解到有些微生物在火灾后还能繁殖。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Many bacteria and fungi don’t cause lung infections, says Chen, but it’s certainly possible that a significant amount could worsen symptoms in someone with a preexisting lung condition.(陈说，许多细菌和真菌不会引起肺部感染，但对于已经存在肺部疾病的人来说，大量的细菌和真菌肯定会加重症状)”可知，陈彼得博士认为大多数微生物可能会加重肺部疾病。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This is especially true for lower-income populations, Jack says, because people with fewer means are often more exposed to the environment. If smoke is affecting the air quality in a certain area, the people who work outside, or who have to go to the office on foot or by bike will inhale more smoke than those who drive.(杰克说，对于低收入人群来说尤其如此，因为收入较少的人往往更容易受到环境的影响。如果烟雾影响了某个地区的空气质量，那么在外面工作的人，或者必须步行或骑自行车去办公室的人，会比开车的人吸入更多的烟雾)”可知，烟雾会传播疾病这件事对低收入的人群有更大的影响，是因为他们更多地直接接触被污染的空气。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But until more research is done, Chen says the best thing people can do is just follow existing recommendations when air quality is poor—including staying indoors, keeping windows and doors closed, using HEPA filters and running air conditioning.(但在更多的研究完成之前，陈说，人们能做的最好的事情就是在空气质量差的时候遵循现有的建议，包括呆在室内，关闭门窗，使用高效微粒空气过滤器和开空调)”可知，最后一段主要陈述了应对被污染空气的建议。故选B。
D
（2023·福建厦门·统考三模）The universe, with its countless stars and galaxies, can be visually impressive, especially when we use high-powered telescopes to peer beyond the range of human vision. But what if we could hear those objects as well? That may sound impossible at first — how can sound travel through the vacuum of space? Isn’t the universe silent?
Far from it, says Kim Arcand, an expert on data visualization at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Her team has found ways to strengthen distant sound waves that would otherwise be undetectable by human ears. They’ve also employed creative processing — taking visual data from infrared and X-ray telescopes and assigning notes to that data-to show celestial (天体的) phenomena via sounds. These “sonifications” (可听化) provide a new way for people to experience those awe-inspiring objects.
Arcand, working with colleagues at the Smithsonian, Harvard and NASA, together with a Canadian science outreach team called SYSTEM Sounds, has been making these custom-made audio tracks that bring celestial images to life. An obvious match-up is to pair brighter parts of an image with louder sounds or to present longer wavelengths of light with lower-pitched sounds, and shorter ones with higher-pitched. Now, many of the tracks can be heard on YouTube, paired up with the images that inspired them, 16 of those sonifications have been put into an album called Universal Harmonies, which will be available on CD and streaming platforms beginning March 10.
Aside from bringing science to a wider audience, Arcand also believes that sonification can bolster the science itself by allowing more people to contribute to our understanding of the universe. One of her goals, she says, is to show that “people who are blind or low-vision ... can also become part of the scientific enterprise.”
For University of Toronto astrophysicist Matt Russo, who runs SYSTEM Sounds together with musician Andrew Santaguida, sonification has been a chance to bring together his two great passions — astronomy and music. It’s both an art and a science. “It was just instantly obvious that it was fun and rewarding,” he says.
32．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Patterns of sound waves. B．Advantages of visualization.
C．Processes of data analysis. D．Approaches to sonifications.
33．How did Arcand’s team turn the images of universe into sounds?
A．By uploading images onto streaming platforms.
B．By pairing images with sounds through creative technology.
C．By identifying and connecting different sound waves.
D．By processing audio data with the help of SYSTEM Sounds.
34．What does the underlined word “bolster” probably mean in paragraph 4?
A．Support. B．Prove. C．Mirror. D．Lead.
35．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．How Does Sound Come into Being? B．What Does the Universe Sound Like?
C．Universe: The Mystery Uncovered D．SYSTEM Sounds: A Pioneer in Space
【答案】32．D 33．B 34．A 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了拥有无数恒星和星系的宇宙在视觉上给人留下了深刻的印象，尤其是当我们使用高倍望远镜观察人类视觉范围之外的事物时。但如果我们也能听到这些物体呢？史密森天体物理天文台的数据可视化专家金·阿坎德和她的团队采用了创造性的处理方法——从红外和X射线望远镜中获取视觉数据，并对这些数据进行注释——通过声音来展示天体现象。这些“声音”为人们体验这些令人敬畏的物体提供了一种新的方式。
32．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Far from it, says Kim Arcand, an expert on data visualization at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Her team has found ways to strengthen distant sound waves that would otherwise be undetectable by human ears. They’ve also employed creative processing — taking visual data from infrared and X-ray telescopes and assigning notes to that data-to show celestial (天体的) phenomena via sounds. These “sonifications” (可听化) provide a new way for people to experience those awe-inspiring objects.”（史密森天体物理天文台的数据可视化专家金·阿坎德说，事实远非如此。她的团队已经找到了增强人类耳朵无法探测到的远距离声波的方法。他们还采用了创造性的处理方法——从红外和x射线望远镜中获取视觉数据，并对这些数据进行注释——通过声音来展示天体现象。这些“声音”为人们体验这些令人敬畏的物体提供了一种新的方式。）可知，第二段的主要讲的是可听化的方法。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“An obvious match-up is to pair brighter parts of an image with louder sounds or to present longer wavelengths of light with lower-pitched sounds, and shorter ones with higher-pitched.”（一种明显的匹配方法是将图像中较亮的部分与较响的声音配对，或者将波长较长的光与较低的声音配对，将波长较短的光与较高的声音配对。）可知，阿坎德的团队通过创造性的技术将图像与声音配对将宇宙的图像转化为声音的。故选B项。
34．词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Aside from bringing science to a wider audience,”（除了将科学带给更广泛的受众之外……）以及划线单词句中“…by allowing more people to contribute to our understanding of the universe.”（让更多的人为我们对宇宙的理解做出贡献）可推知，此处为声音化可以让更多的人为我们对宇宙的理解做出贡献，从而加强科学本身。故可猜测划线单词bolster为“加强，支持”的意思，结合选项A项Support“支持”意思一致。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍史密森天体物理天文台的数据可视化专家金·阿坎德和她的团队采用了创造性的处理方法——从红外和X射线望远镜中获取视觉数据，并对这些数据进行注释——通过声音来展示天体现象。这些“声音”为人们体验这些令人敬畏的物体提供了一种新的方式。结合第一段中“But what if we could hear those objects as well? That may sound impossible at first — how can sound travel through the vacuum of space? Isn’t the universe silent?”（但如果我们也能听到这些物体呢？这听起来似乎不可能——声音怎么能在真空的太空中传播呢？难道宇宙不是寂静的吗？）可知，B项“宇宙的声音是怎样的？”适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·浙江绍兴·校联考模拟预测）Digital technologies are taking up too much of our time and attention. Many of us will spend a significant part of our lives staring at screens, missing out on satisfying relationships and feeling more emotional pain. For many years, we’ve been taught that the solution to this potential harm is some form of digital detox (脱瘾), which mainly shows us what not to do after our digital addiction. 36 Try the following three steps to achieve balance in your and your family’s digital life:
Determine your problem times
Identify the times and situations when being on screens is making your life worse. It could be when you are streaming a TV series right before bed, feeling depressed afterward and losing hours of sleep. Or you could be getting stuck on your device at the dinner table and end up getting distracted. 37 Identify your top two or three problem situations.
38
Once you identify the pain points, for example, scrolling (滚动浏览) on TikTok for hours keeps you from sleeping and makes you feel depressed afterward), ask yourself: What is screen time replacing and what goals is it serving? In other words, what are you actually hungry for? You might be endlessly scrolling because you want to feel uplifted at the end of the day. Write down the things you really want.
Try a substitute
39 It’s crucial to pick something that consistently makes you feel good. For example, if your goal is social connection, make plans for a nice meal with a friend or take that weekly meeting in person rather than via Zoom. If your goal is inspiration, schedule time for oil painting, reading historical fiction or whatever it is that uplifts you. 40 And at last, you will become empowered, healthy and wise digital citizens.
A．Identify your true desire.
B．Determine your pain points.
C．Pretty soon, these replacements will make you feel more satisfied.
D．But the only way to truly gain control is to take positive steps in advance.
E．Or maybe you are inefficient at work because you’re doing too much online shopping.
F．Ask yourself how you can meet those needs through something other than screen time.
G．If your digital life is out of balance, reducing time on devices is an important first step.
【答案】36．D 37．E 38．A 39．F 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。数字技术占用了我们太多的时间和注意力，针对这个问题，作者介绍了三个具体的步骤解决。
36．后文“Try the following three steps to achieve balance in your and your family’s digital life: (尝试以下三个步骤来平衡你和你家人的数字生活:)”作者提出三个具体的步骤解决问题。结合选项，D项“But the only way to truly gain control is to take positive steps in advance. (但真正获得控制的唯一方法是提前采取积极的步骤。)”语意顺承。且同词复现“steps”。故选D。
37．前文“Or you could be getting stuck on your device at the dinner table and end up getting distracted. (或者你可能会在餐桌上沉迷于你的电子设备，最终分心。)”介绍沉迷电子设备的可能场景或者原因。结合选项，E项“Or maybe you are inefficient at work because you’re doing too much online shopping. (或者你工作效率低下，因为你在网上购物太多了。)”同为介绍介绍沉迷电子设备的可能场景或者原因，语意一致。故选E。
38．本句应为小标题。下文“In other words, what are you actually hungry for? (换句话说，你到底在渴望什么?)”作者建议找到真正的愿望。结合选项，A项“Identify your true desire. (确定你真正的愿望。)”为中心句，总领下文。故选A。
39．小标题“Try a substitute (试一试替代品)”作者建议找替代品来减少屏幕时间。结合选项，F项“Ask yourself how you can meet those needs through something other than screen time. (问问你自己，如何通过屏幕时间以外的东西来满足这些需求。)”照应小标题，反思自己如何通过屏幕时间以外的东西来满足这些需求。故选F。
40．前文“If your goal is inspiration, schedule time for oil painting, reading historical fiction or whatever it is that uplifts you. (如果你的目标是灵感，那就安排时间画油画、读历史小说或任何能让你振奋的东西。)”是作者给出的具体建议。结合选项，C项“Pretty soon, these replacements will make you feel more satisfied. (很快，这些替代品会让你感到更满意。)”承接上文，符合逻辑关系。故选C。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·浙江·校联考模拟预测）With a broad smile on her lips, 15-year-old Sirin rushed to her mom to show off her new painting. But her mom raised her eyebrows, and spoke in a hushed tone, “Shh... honey.. don’t shout. I am busy with a(n) 41 talk.”
Holding her oil painting, she 42 and then searched for her dad. “Dad, see what I have done,” Sirin announced aloud in a(an) 43 voice. Her dad smiled and just patted her on back lovingly, saying, “No time, baby. I’m late for work.”
Hearing this, she stormed off to her own bedroom, slammed the door and 44 herself on her bed, sobbing. When her mom was calling her for dinner, Sirin arrived late deliberately. She kept silent, 45 the table mat with her nail. Her mom was puzzled at the 46 behavior. Suddenly, the morning 47 clicked in her mind. Softly, she asked, “Honey, did we do anything wrong?”
At this very moment, Sirin could no longer 48 her anger. “Why is everybody so busy?” she roared, tears streaming down. She assumed that, 49 ignoring her like others in her school, her mom and dad would appreciate her painting, but they were no 50 . Shocked, mom threw her arms around her tightly, announcing 51 and firmly, “Baby, I am so sorry!”
When back from school the next day, Sirin was surprised to see her beautifully-decorated 52 on the wall. It was beautifully framed and just below the painting, it read, “Honey, we are really proud of you!” 53 her parents’ stress from daily routine, she felt sorry about her previous behavior. She 54 her head and apologized.
Though everything came and went, mutual 55 would stay forever in their family.
41．A．important B．empty C．pleasant D．insignificant
42．A．grinned B．frowned C．trembled D．whistled
43．A．amused B．annoyed C．shocked D．thrilled
44．A．hid B．planted C．threw D．settled
45．A．feeling B．stroking C．seizing D．scratching
46．A．unusual B．ridiculous C．impolite D．dishonest
47．A．incident B．accident C．anecdote D．event
48．A．hold onto B．hold back C．throw away D．pick up
49．A．in spite of B．in favor of C．instead of D．on account of
50．A．help B．match C．exception D．luck
51．A．attentively B．unwillingly C．surprisingly D．regretfully
52．A．poster B．painting C．portrait D．note
53．A．Recalling B．Supposing C．Declaring D．Imagining
54．A．nodded B．shook C．cleared D．ducked
55．A．trust B．dependence C．understanding D．admiration
【答案】
41．A 42．B 43．D 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．C 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了15岁的Sirin想要给父母展示自己的绘画，却被父母忽视了，Sirin非常伤心。之后在和父母诉说了自己的感受后，父母理解了Sirin，把她的画挂到了墙上，她也理解了父母的不容易。相互理解将永远留在他们的家庭。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正忙于一个重要的谈话。A. important重要的；B. empty空的；C. pleasant快乐的；D. insignificant不重要的。根据上文“Shh... honey.. don’t shout. I am busy with”以及后文她去找爸爸，可知，妈妈说自己正在忙于一个重要的谈话，故选A。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她手里拿着油画，皱着眉头，开始找爸爸。A. grinned露齿而笑；B. frowned皱眉；C. trembled颤抖；D. whistled吹口哨。结合上文可知妈妈没有理会Sirin，所以她不高兴，皱着眉头。故选B。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sirin用激动的声音大声宣布。A. amused觉得好笑的；B. annoyed生气的；C. shocked震惊的；D. thrilled激动的。根据上文“Dad, see what I have done(爸爸，看看我做了什么)”可知，Sirin用激动的声音大声宣布。故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到这些，她怒气冲冲地跑回自己的卧室，砰地一声关上门，倒在床上啜泣。A. hid隐藏；B. planted种植；C. threw扔；D. settled解决。根据后文“herself on her bed, sobbing”指倒在床上应用throw oneself on bed。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她保持沉默，用指甲刮着桌垫。A. feeling感觉；B. stroking打；C. seizing抓住；D. scratching抓挠。根据后文“the table mat with her nail”指用指甲刮着桌垫。故选D。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她妈妈对这种不寻常的行为感到困惑。A. unusual不寻常的；B. ridiculous可笑的；C. impolite不礼貌的；D. dishonest不诚实的。根据上文“When her mom was calling her for dinner, Sirin arrived late deliberately.(当妈妈叫她吃饭的时候，Sirin故意迟到了)”可知，此处指Sirin一些不寻常的行为，故选A。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，她想起了早晨发生的事。A. incident事件；B. accident事故；C. anecdote趣闻；D. event大事，事件。根据上文“the morning”可知，此处指早上Sirin给妈妈看画的事情，应用incident；event指一些国际大事件，故选A。
48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这一刻，Sirin再也无法抑制她的愤怒。A. hold onto抓住；B. hold back克制；C. throw away丢掉；D. pick up捡起。根据后文““Why is everybody so busy?” she roared, tears streaming down.(“为什么大家都这么忙？”她吼道，眼泪夺眶而出)”可知，Sirin再也无法抑制她的愤怒。故选B。
49．考查介词短语辨析。句意：她以为，她的父母不会像学校里的其他人那样忽视她，而是会欣赏她的画，但他们也不例外。A. in spite of尽管；B. in favor of支持；C. instead of而不是；D. on account of因为。根据后文“ignoring her like others in her school, her mom and dad would appreciate her painting”可知，Sirin以为她的父母会欣赏她的画，而不是忽视她。故选C。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她以为，她的父母不会像学校里的其他人那样忽视她，而是会欣赏她的画，但他们也不例外。A. help帮助；B. match匹配；C. exception例外；D. luck运气。结合第一段和第二段可知，父母也因为忙碌而忽视了她，所以是父母也不例外。故选C。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：妈妈震惊了，紧紧地抱住她，遗憾而坚定地说：“宝贝，我很抱歉!”A. attentively专注地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. surprisingly惊人地；D. regretfully后悔地。根据后文“Baby, I am so sorry!”指妈妈为自己忽视了女儿而感到后悔。故选D。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天从学校回来时，Sirin惊讶地看到墙上挂着她装饰精美的画。A. poster海报；B. painting绘画；C. portrait画像；D. note笔记。呼应第一段“15-year-old Sirin rushed to her mom to show off her new painting”指她的绘画被放到了墙上，故选B。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回想起父母的日常压力，她对自己以前的行为感到抱歉。A. Recalling回想起；B. Supposing认为；C. Declaring说明；D. Imagining想象。根据后文“her parents’ stress from daily routine, she felt sorry about her previous behavior”指回想起父母的日常压力，她对自己以前的行为感到抱歉。故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她低下头道歉。A. nodded点头；B. shook摇晃；C. cleared清理；D. ducked低下，逃避。根据后文“her head and apologized”指低头道歉，故选D。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管一切都来来去去，但相互理解将永远留在他们的家庭。A. trust信任；B. dependence依赖；C. understanding理解；D. admiration钦佩。结合上文可知，父母理解了女儿，女儿也理解了父母的压力，所以是互相理解。故选C。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
（2023·全国·高三专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some unusual words describe how a person spends his or her time. For example, someone who likes to spend a lot of time sitting or 56 (lie) down while watching television is sometimes called a couch potato. A couch is a piece of furniture for people to sit on.
Couch potatoes enjoy watching television just 57 mouse potatoes enjoy working on computers. A computer mouse is the device that moves the pointer 58 a computer screen. The 59 (describe) of mouse potatoes became popular in 1993. American writer Alice Kahn is said to have invented the term to describe young people who use computers a lot.
Too much time inside the house using a computer or watching television can cause someone 60 (get) cabin fever. A cabin is a simple house usually 61 (build) far away from the city. People go to a cabin to relax and enjoy quiet time.
Cabin fever is not really 62 disease. However, people can feel 63 (bore) if they spend too much time inside their homes. This is 64 (especial) true during the winter 65 it is too cold or snowy to do things outside. Often children get cabin fever if they cannot go out to play. So do their parents.
【答案】
56．lying 57．as 58．on 59．description 60．to get 61．built 62．a 63．bored 64．especially 65．when
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了花大量时间看电视的人会导致幽居病。
56．考查动名词。spend+时间+in doing sth “花费时间做某事”为固定短语。故填lying。
57．考查从属连词。分析句子可知，沙发土豆喜欢看电视，就像老鼠土豆喜欢在电脑上工作一样。所以本句为as引导的比较状语从句。故填as。
58．考查介词。 on a computer screen“在电脑屏幕上”，on表示“在......上”。故填on。
59．考查名词。the+名词+of“.....的”。故填description。
60．考查动词不定式。 cause sb to do sth “促使某人做某事”为固定短语，所以空处填to get。故填to get。
61．考查过去分词。分析句子可知，a simple house与build在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填built。
62．考查冠词。disease为可数名词,在本句中表示泛指，且disease首字母的发音为辅音，所以冠词为a。故填a。
63．考查形容词。feel为系动词后接形容词作表语，因为主语为people，所以形容词为bored。以后缀–ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人。故填bored。
64．考查副词。especially为副词，修饰形容词true。故填especially。
65．考查从属连词。分析句子可知，当天气太冷或下雪，不能在外面做事的时候，尤其让人感到厌烦。所以本句为when引导的时间状语从句。故填when。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
（2023·河北·高三河北安国中学校联考阶段练习）假定你是李华，你市将于下周举办民俗文化节。你的外国好友Jack非常喜欢中国文化，你想邀请他和你一起参加。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 写邮件的目的;
2. 简单介绍活动;
3. 表达你的期望。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jack,
I’m delighted to tell you that a Chinese traditional cultural festival is to be held in our city. Knowing that you are keen on Chinese culture. I’m writing to ask you to enjoy it with me.
The festival is scheduled to start next Friday, lasting for two days. Participants from every province in China will show their unique costumes, arts and crafts. In addition, you can also savour various delicious food, which, I think, is the most appealing part. I’m sure this festival will enhance your comprehension of Chinese culture.
I’m looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，请你给喜欢中国文化的外国好友Jack写一封电子邮件，邀请他和你一起参加你市将于下周举办民俗文化节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
吸引人的；appealing→attractive
各种各样的：various.→a variety of
高兴的：delighted→pleased
此外：in additon →besides
2.句式拓展
简单甸变复合句
原句：The festival is scheduled to start next Friday, lasting for two days.
拓展句；The festival is scheduled to start next Friday, which will last for two days.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you are keen on Chinese culture, Im writing to ask you toenjoy it with me.（运用了that引导宾语从句和现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] In addition, you can also savour various delicious food, which, I think, is the most appealing part.(（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
（2023·重庆·高三重庆八中校考阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An abandoned dog stopped at the front door of the Laceys’ small house, wagging its tail, trembling with shyness and cold. Doris Lacey, whose school had been called off because of the snow, spotted the creature and immediately went up to meet it.
“Where did that come from?” Mrs. Lacey asked as soon as Doris put the dog down in the kitchen. Mr. Lacey was at the table, cleaning his fingernails. “I don’t know where it came from, ” he said mildly, “but I know for sure where it’s going.”
Doris hugged the dog hard against her. She said nothing.
Because of the snow, the roads would be too bad for travel for many days. Mr. Lacey couldn’t get out to take the dog to the animal shelter in the city right away. He agreed to let it sleep in the basement while Mrs. Lacey unwillingly let Doris feed it leftover food.
Four days passed and the dog did not complain. It never cried in the night or barked at the wind. It didn’t tear up everything in the basement. It wouldn’t even follow Doris up the basement steps unless it was invited. It was a good dog.
Several times Doris had opened the door in the kitchen that led to the basement and the puppy had been there, all stretched out, on the top step. Doris knew it had wanted some company and that it had lain against the door, listening to the talk in the kitchen, smelling the food, being a part of things. It always wagged its tail, eyes all sleepy, when she found it there.
Even after a week had gone by, Doris didn’t name the dog. She knew her parents wouldn’t let her keep it, that her father made so little money and any pets were out of the question, and that the dog would definitely go to the shelter when the weather cleared. Still, she tried talking to them about the dog at dinner one night. “She’s a good dog and not much trouble, right?” Doris said, hoping one of them would agree with her. But Mr. Lacey shook his head, “You know we can’t afford a dog, Doris. You try to act more grown-up about this.” Doris fell silent, praying the weather would never clear.
注意: 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, the sun was shining the next morning.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later that afternoon, Mr. Lacey came back with the same dog.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
However, the sun was shining the next morning. Doris was sitting alone in the living room trying not to cry, but she was not strong enough. Her face was wet and red, her eyes full of depression. Outside, she heard the trunk of the car slam shut, one of the doors open and close, the old engine cough and choke and finally start up. Hearing the car travel down the road, she could do nothing but cry herself to sleep, and her dreams were full of searching and searching for things lost.
Later that afternoon, Mr. Lacey came back with the same dog. Doris put her hand to her mouth. She couldn’t believe her eyes. “You didn’t take her away?” she asked. “I did,” her father answered. “The worst looking place I’ve ever seen. Ten dogs in a cage. Smell was enough to knock you down. And they give an animal six days to live. Then they kill it with some kind of a shot. I wouldn’t leave an ant in that place, so I brought the dog back.” Doris excitedly ran to her father and gave him a super big hug. What an unexpected surprise it is!
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Doris Lacey在家门口捡到一只流浪狗，父母都不同意在家里养它，但因为下雪路滑，爸爸同意小狗住在地下室。小狗在地下室很乖，Doris Lacey对它产生了感情，想要养它，但是她知道她家里的经济条件无法养它。天气好的时候，爸爸把小狗送收容所了，Doris Lacey很伤心，但没想到后来爸爸又带着小狗回来了。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
由续写第一段首句内容“然而，第二天早上阳光明媚。”可知，第一段可以描写爸爸要把小狗送走了，Doris虽然不舍但也没办法留下它，只能独自伤心。
由续写第二段首句内容“当天下午晚些时候，Lacey先生带着同一只狗回来了。”可知，第二段可以描写爸爸带小狗回来后Doris的惊喜，以及爸爸解释没把小狗留在收容所的原因。
2. 续写线索：天气转晴——Doris因无法留下小狗而努力压抑自己的情绪——爸爸开车带小狗离开——Doris终于忍不住哭了起来——爸爸带着小狗回来——爸爸解释了原因——Doris感到惊喜
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①除了做……外无能为力：could do nothing but do…/couldn’t do anything but do…
②搜寻：search for/in search of
③把……带走：take away/send away
④击倒：knock down/knock over
情绪类
①沮丧：depression/frustration/gloom
②兴奋地：excitedly/in excitement/thrilledly
【点睛】【高分句型1】Her face was wet and red, her eyes full of depression.(使用了“名词+形容词短语”独立主格结构)
【高分句型2】Hearing the car travel down the road, she could do nothing but cry herself to sleep, and her dreams were full of searching and searching for things lost.(使用了现在分词短语作时间状语、省略不定式符号to的结构could do nothing but do和动名词作宾语)
2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷
第三模拟（浙江专用）
注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Where was the man last night?
A．In the library. B．At the concert. C．At home.
【答案】C
【详解】W: Hello, Tony. Where were you last night?
M: I had to stay at home.
W: But you missed a really wonderful concert!
2．（2023·浙江·舟山中学校考模拟预测）What are the speakers talking about?
A．Preparation for a trip. B．A school day. C．A final exam.
【答案】A
【原文】W: The exam is finally over. Our school camping trip is coming. I think we should prepare for it.
M: OK. We need to buy some bread, cook pots, spoons, plates, cups, and so on. We’d better make a list.
W: Good idea.
3．（2023·江苏·统考模拟）What surprises the man about the cat?
A．That it can eat lots of cat food.
B．That it can lock a door with a key.
C．That it can open the kitchen door.
【答案】C
【原文】W: That cat is so smart. He can open doors.
M: With a key?
W: I’m not sure. Every day, when I go to work, I close the kitchen door. But when I come home it’s open with cat food all over the floor!
M: Wow, that’s amazing.
4．（2023·江苏·统考模拟）When does the conversation take place?
A．In the morning. B．At noon. C．In the evening
【答案】A
【原文】M: It’s amazing how eggs can be made into lots of different meals. You can fry them for lunch, boil them for dinner, and you can even make cakes with them.
W: But do you really want an egg again this morning?
M: Yes, eggs with toast, please.
5．（2023·全国·高考真题）Who is Andy Clarks?
A．A public librarian. B．A TV actor. C．A famous lawyer.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Hi, Stephen, guess who I saw at the city library? Andy Clarkes — the leading actor in The Good Lawyer — the famous TV series.
M: What was he doing there? His popularity has slipped since the final season of the show.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2023·重庆市育才中学校考模拟）听下面一段较长对话，回答6、7小题。
6．How long does the man plan to practice Tai Chi every day?
A．60 minutes. B．30 minutes. C．15 minutes.
7．Why won’t the woman practice Tai Chi in the morning?
A．She can’t get up early. B．She has to work early. C．She dislikes doing exercise then.
【答案】6．A 7．B
【原文】M: I think it’s beneficial to practice Tai Chi.
W: Why do you say that? Have you been practicing Tai Chi recently?
M: Yes. I spend half an hour practicing it every morning. And now I sleep earlier and better than before. I’m thinking about adding another 30 minutes of practice every day.
W: Really? I want to have a try. But I have to get to the office early.
M: You can practice it for 15 minutes after work at first.
W: OK.
（2023·湖南·高三模拟测试）听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．Where will the woman go?
A．To the airport B．To her office C．To the school.
9．What does the woman ask the man to do?
A．Look for some toys B．Meet her boss C．Take care of a baby
【答案】8．A 9．C
【原文】M: Hi! Come in. What’s up?
W: Can you do me a favour? I just got a call from the office, and I have to meet my boss at the airport right away. Is it all right if I leave Jack with you?
M: Sure. No problem. Is he asleep?
W: Yeah, he just fell asleep ten minutes ago. If he wakes up, here’s his bottle and some toys.
M: Don’t worry. I’ll take good care of him.
W: Thanks so much for helping out.
（2023·安徽安庆·高三安徽省太湖中学校考）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What kind of panda sleeps the most?
A．Adult pandas. B．Sub-adult pandas C．Baby pandas.
11．How can the birth program help endangered animals?
A．By providing a more natural environment.
B．By finding mates for them.
C．By training their survival skills.
12．What is the main topic of the conversation?
A．Animal protection. B．Pandas’living habits. C．Different wild animals.
【答案】10．A 11．B 12．A
【原文】W: Mike, do you think reserves could protect animals from extinction?
M: Sure. They give those endangered animals a safe environment to grow up.
W: Like what a zoo can do?
M: No, they’re different. For example, in Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve, you can see the adult pandas spending much time sleeping there, the sub-adult pandas learning to eat bamboo and the baby pandas, which are surprisingly the most active, rolling and climbing around. But they’ll all be trained to survive in the wild some time.
W: Then do zoos also help endangered animals?
M: In a way, as long as the zoo has a birth program.
W: What’s the program about?
M: It helps animals which have trouble finding mates in the wild, and that could help increase their numbers.
W: But the animals in the zoo are not able to return to the wild as they have lost their survival skills, right?
M: Yeah, that’s true.
（2023·河南·洛宁第一高级中学校联考预测）听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Where does the conversation take place?
A．In an office. B．In a hotel. C．On the phone.
14．Who is responsible for the job advertisement?
A．The manager. B．The chef. C．The woman.
15．How much can a waiter earn for an hour’s work?
A．£5.50. B．£7.70. C．£11.02.
16．What can a waiter get from the job?
A．A break for two hours. B．A meal free of charge. C．Free accommodation.
【答案】13．C 14．A 15．A 16．B
【原文】W: Hello, West Bay Hotel. Can I help you?
M: Oh, good morning. I’m ringing about your advertisement in the Evening Gaette.
W: Is that the one for temporary staff?
M: That’s right.
W: Yes. I’m afraid our manager who’s dealing with that isn’t in today, but I can give you the main details if you like.
M: Yes, please. Could you tell me what kind of staff you are looking for?
W: We’re looking for waiters at the moment. There was one post for a cook, but that’s already been taken.
M: Oh, right. Em, what are the hours of work?
W: There are two different shifts—there’s a day shift from 7 am to 2 pm and a late shift from 4 pm till 11 pm M: OK. What about time off?
W: You get one day off every week.
M: Do you know what the rates of pay are?
W: Yes, I’ve got them here. You get £ 5. 50 an hour, and that includes a break.
M: Do I have to go home to eat or. . .
W: You don’t have to. You can get a meal in the hotel if you want to, and there’s no charge for it.
（2023·重庆·西南大学附中校考三模）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A．U.S. students and their future jobs.
B．The life of students in the U.S.
C．Higher education in the U.S.
18．What jobs do American graduate students hope to find?
A．Those that are interesting and well-paid.
B．Those that are very challenging.
C．Those that are quite special.
19．What is the graduate students’ life like in America?
A．Meaningful. B．Tough. C．Interesting.
20．What do most American graduate students think of spending time on their studies?
A．It is unnecessary. B．It is not rewarding. C．It will pay off.
【答案】17．C 18．A 19．B 20．C
【原文】
W: Most American university students study four years or more to get a college degree. During this time, they are called undergraduate students. When a student completes his course, he earns a bachelor’s degree that will help him find a job. Many students stay at university and work for a higher degree. Other students take a job for a few years, then they quit working, and they continue studying at the university. Those students work to earn higher degrees. They are called graduate students. Graduate students specialize in a particular field of study. They study to become experts in their field. They hope that when they get their graduate degrees they will succeed in finding interesting jobs with good salaries.
Graduate usually are usually too busy studying. Often they have to pay high school fees. Some give up studying before they get their degrees. But most keep on working at their studies until they graduate. In today’s world, most gradates don’t regret spending time on studies. They are finding that things are changing fast. New development are occurring in all fields. For many, graduate study has become a necessity.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·江苏镇江·统考模拟预测）Would you like to put an end to slapdash (仓促的), last-minute meals? Downloading a few meal planning apps may give you more time outside the kitchen.
Many meal prep apps focus on calorie-counting and weight loss, but sometimes meal planning comes down to simply getting a delicious, satisfying meal on the table. Finding an app that will do that is key. Take a look at these top meal planning apps and decide which might work for you.
Mealime Meal Plans & Recipes
This app offers healthy recipes, grocery lists, and more. It prioritizes meals that cook in 30 minutes or so. The grocery lists are even made as good as possible to reduce the amount of time you spend at the supermarket, so the whole process, from planning to shopping to cooking, takes up less of your time.
Cozi
This app allows you to move recipe ingredients (原料) to your in-app grocery list. The list is accessible to every member of the family, meaning anyone can swing by the store to shop. Once you start dinner prep, turn on Cozi’s Cooking Mode, which keeps your screen lit so you don’t have to touch it with dirty fingers. Genius!
LaLa Lunchbox
This adorable app takes the stress out of packing lunches by getting kids involved in choosing their meals. New dietary-specific bundles ensure that every kid can use LaLa Lunchbox.
BigOven Recipes & Meal Planner
With a database of more than 350,000 recipes, this app has seasonal collections featured on its home screen to ensure you’re using the freshest in-season ingredients. Our favorite feature of BigOven? The Use Up Leftovers tool, which suggests a recipe you can make with the three ingredients you enter.
21．Which app best suits people who pack lunches for kids?
A．Mealime Meal Plans & Recipes. B．Cozi.
C．LaLa Lunchbox. D．BigOven Recipes & Meal Planner.
22．What is special about BigOven Recipes & Meal Planner?
A．Recommending various ways to lose weight.
B．Suggesting time needed for shopping.
C．Planning meals together with family members.
D．Offering a recipe with given ingredients.
23．What do the four apps have in common?
A．They can count calories. B．They can give suggestions for lunch.
C．They can offer grocery lists. D．They can simplify cooking.
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些既省时又可以准备出美味、令人满意的饭菜的用餐计划应用程序。
21．细节理解题。根据LaLa Lunchbox部分中“This adorable app takes the stress out of packing lunches by getting kids involved in choosing their meals.(这个可爱的应用程序通过让孩子们参与选择他们的饭菜，消除准备午餐的压力)”可知，LaLa Lunchbox可以消除帮孩子准备午餐的压力，最适合给孩子准备午餐的人。故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据BigOven Recipes & Meal Planner部分中“Our favorite feature of BigOven? The Use Up Leftovers tool, which suggests a recipe you can make with the three ingredients you enter.(我们最喜欢的BigOven功能？Use Up Leftovers工具，它会给出你用输入的三种食材做菜的建议)”可知，BigOven Recipes & Meal Planner的特别之处在于它可以根据特定食材提供菜谱。故选D项。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段“Would you like to put an end to slapdash (仓促的), last-minute meals? Downloading a few meal planning apps may give you more time outside the kitchen.(你想要结束仓促的、最后一刻才吃的饭吗？下载一些用餐计划应用程序可能会让你有更多的时间走出厨房)”可知，文章推荐的应用程序针对的是人们在厨房花较少时间、从容地做好饭菜的需求。由此推知，这些应用程序都可以在不同方面简化烹饪。故选D项。
B
（2023·广东惠州·高三模拟）Money Daniels spends several hours every week cleaning up cans and bottles in the rivers near his home with other teen environmentalists in Chattanooga, TN. Together, they have collected more than 1 ton of aluminum cans, nearly 1,000 cans a week for a year. In January, he co-founded a club called the Cleanup Kids with his best friend. The project’s mission: to encourage kids to pick up 1 million pounds of trash across the globe before the end of the year.
Daniels says he first developed a passion for wildlife when he was 3. “As far back as I can remember, I’ve always loved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.
His mission now is saving the earth’s rivers, which he points out are even more polluted than the world’s oceans. “Eighty percent of the ocean’s trash comes from rivers,” he says. In 2019, he adopted the name Conservation Kid on Instagram, and started posting about things like how something as simple as a deserted face mask can entangle (缠住), choke, and kill turtles, birds, and fish. Mask waste has increased an estimated 9,000% since the pandemic(疫情) began.
Although he mostly speaks to other teens, Daniels has found that adults are often persuaded by his argument that cleaning up, recycling, and ridding plastic ought to be a selfish act for humanity: when plastics break down, they can wind up in our drinking water. He has met with the mayor of his city, and his experiences speaking with influential grownups has convinced him that adults can change their habits.
But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we’re 100% of the future,” he says. “And we can save the world.”
24．What led to the birth of Daniel’s project?
A．The inspiration from his best friend.
B．The goal to make a role model for kids.
C．The concern for the ocean life.
D．The idea of other teen environmentalists.
25．Which can be inferred from paragraph 3?
A．The ocean’s trash has grown rapidly.
B．The river pollution requires less attention.
C．Many animals are infected in the pandemic.
D．River waste contributes most to the ocean’s trash.
26．Which of the following can best describe Money Daniels?
A．Optimistic and creative.
B．Caring and responsible.
C．Considerate and generous.
D．Courageous and devoted.
27．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Grownups’ selfish behaviors for humanity.
B．A teenager’s contributions to saving the waters.
C．A youngster’s responsibility to protect the world.
D．Teen environmentalists’ efforts to clean the oceans.
【答案】24．C 25．D 26．B 27．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个青少年为拯救水资源所做的贡献。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Money Daniels spends several hours every week cleaning up cans and bottles in the rivers near his home with other teen environmentalists in Chattanooga, TN. Together, they have collected more than 1 ton of aluminum cans, nearly 1,000 cans a week for a year. In January, he co-founded a club called the Cleanup Kids with his best friend. The project’s mission: to encourage kids to pick up 1 million pounds of trash across the globe before the end of the year.”（Money Daniels和其他青少年环保主义者一起住在田纳西州查塔努加(Chattanooga)，他们每周花几个小时清理家附近河流里的罐子和瓶子。他们总共收集了1吨多的铝罐，每周收集近1000个。今年1月，他和他最好的朋友共同创立了一个名为“清理孩子”的俱乐部。该项目的使命是：鼓励孩子们在年底前在全球捡起100万磅的垃圾。）以及第二段中““As far back as I can remember, I’ve always loved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.”（“从我记事起，我就一直很喜欢动物，”丹尼尔斯说。他对海洋生物特别感兴趣。当他和家人在河边散步时发现垃圾时，他立刻想到了他最喜欢的海洋生物。）可知，对海洋生物的关注促使了丹尼尔斯这个项目的诞生。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“His mission now is saving the earth’s rivers, which he points out are even more polluted than the world’s oceans. “Eighty percent of the ocean’s trash comes from rivers,” he says.”（他现在的任务是拯救地球上的河流，他指出，河流的污染程度甚至比世界上的海洋还要严重。“80%的海洋垃圾来自河流，”他说。）可知，从第三段可以推断出河流垃圾是海洋垃圾的主要来源。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段中““As far back as I can remember, I’ve always loved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.”（“从我记事起，我就一直很喜欢动物，”丹尼尔斯说。他对海洋生物特别感兴趣。当他和家人在河边散步时发现垃圾时，他立刻想到了他最喜欢的海洋生物。）以及最后一段“But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we’re 100% of the future,” he says. “And we can save the world.””（但事实上，拯救地球的重任落在了像他这样的孩子身上。“孩子可能只占人口的一小部分，但我们是100%的未来，”他说。“我们可以拯救世界。”）可推知，丹尼尔斯非常有爱心和责任心。故选B项。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we’re 100% of the future,” he says. “And we can save the world.””（但事实上，拯救地球的重任落在了像他这样的孩子身上。“孩子可能只占人口的一小部分，但我们是100%的未来，”他说。“我们可以拯救世界。”）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一个青少年为拯救水资源所做的贡献。故选B项。
C
（2023·湖南·雅礼中学校考模拟预测）It’s no secret that inhaling (吸入) smoke is bad for your lungs. But now, scientists are suggesting smoke may also carry and spread infectious diseases. The theory, published in Science Magazine, is based on research that found wildfire smoke is crowded with thousands of species of microorganisms. Some of these microorganisms, including bacteria and fungal spores, are known to cause disease.
The new research suggests that when a wildfire burns plant or animal matter and disturbs soils, it exposes thousands of species of bacteria and fungi that otherwise might not easily become airborne (空气传播的). You might think the high heat from fire would kill these organisms, but one study mentioned in the article found that some bacteria even multiply post-fire. Scientists say the organisms attach to smoke particles, allowing them to travel thousands of miles across continents.
Dr. Peter Chen, director of the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, is interested in the theory but somewhat skeptical that the microorganisms in smoke would actually cause infections. Many bacteria and fungi don’t cause lung infections, says Chen, but it’s certainly possible that a significant amount could worsen symptoms in someone with a preexisting lung condition. “I always thought it was the particles in smoke that were causing these issues,” says Chen. “But when I read this, I started thinking: Could it be the microorganisms that are also worsening existing illnesses?”
Whether the microorganisms in smoke actually cause infection or simply worsen potential respiratory (呼吸的) issues, the article raises a new health threat that is “certainly alarming”, says Kelsey Jack, an associate professor of environmental and development economics. This is especially true for lower-income populations, Jack says, because people with fewer means are often more exposed to the environment. If smoke is affecting the air quality in a certain area, the people who work outside, or who have to go to the office on foot or by bike will inhale more smoke than those who drive.
But until more research is done, Chen says the best thing people can do is just follow existing recommendations when air quality is poor—including staying indoors, keeping windows and doors closed, using HEPA filters and running air conditioning.
28．What can we know about the microorganisms from paragraph 2?
A．They could be killed by high heat.
B．They could reproduce in large numbers after fires.
C．They could possibly travel through air by themselves.
D．They can easily attach themselves to smoke particles.
29．How do most microorganisms affect people according to Dr. Peter Chen?
A．They might worsen lung diseases. B．They will cause lung infections.
C．They will destroy living environments. D．They might damage respiratory systems.
30．Why are low-income people suffering more than others?
A．They live in poor areas.
B．They drive to and from work.
C．They have suffered from lung disease.
D．They are exposed to polluted air more frequently.
31．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A．Results of the new research.
B．Suggestions on dealing with poor air quality.
C．Disagreements between the author and Chen.
D．Benefits of preventing smoke from polluting the air.
【答案】28．B 29．A 30．D 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们认为烟雾也可能携带和传播传染病。发表在《科学》杂志上的这一理论基于一项研究，该研究发现野火烟雾中充满了数千种微生物。其中一些微生物会引起疾病。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“You might think the high heat from fire would kill these organisms, but one study mentioned in the article found that some bacteria even multiply post-fire.(你可能会认为火的高温会杀死这些生物，但文章中提到的一项研究发现，一些细菌甚至会在火后繁殖)”可知，从第二段我们可以了解到有些微生物在火灾后还能繁殖。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Many bacteria and fungi don’t cause lung infections, says Chen, but it’s certainly possible that a significant amount could worsen symptoms in someone with a preexisting lung condition.(陈说，许多细菌和真菌不会引起肺部感染，但对于已经存在肺部疾病的人来说，大量的细菌和真菌肯定会加重症状)”可知，陈彼得博士认为大多数微生物可能会加重肺部疾病。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This is especially true for lower-income populations, Jack says, because people with fewer means are often more exposed to the environment. If smoke is affecting the air quality in a certain area, the people who work outside, or who have to go to the office on foot or by bike will inhale more smoke than those who drive.(杰克说，对于低收入人群来说尤其如此，因为收入较少的人往往更容易受到环境的影响。如果烟雾影响了某个地区的空气质量，那么在外面工作的人，或者必须步行或骑自行车去办公室的人，会比开车的人吸入更多的烟雾)”可知，烟雾会传播疾病这件事对低收入的人群有更大的影响，是因为他们更多地直接接触被污染的空气。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But until more research is done, Chen says the best thing people can do is just follow existing recommendations when air quality is poor—including staying indoors, keeping windows and doors closed, using HEPA filters and running air conditioning.(但在更多的研究完成之前，陈说，人们能做的最好的事情就是在空气质量差的时候遵循现有的建议，包括呆在室内，关闭门窗，使用高效微粒空气过滤器和开空调)”可知，最后一段主要陈述了应对被污染空气的建议。故选B。
D
（2023·福建厦门·统考三模）The universe, with its countless stars and galaxies, can be visually impressive, especially when we use high-powered telescopes to peer beyond the range of human vision. But what if we could hear those objects as well? That may sound impossible at first — how can sound travel through the vacuum of space? Isn’t the universe silent?
Far from it, says Kim Arcand, an expert on data visualization at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Her team has found ways to strengthen distant sound waves that would otherwise be undetectable by human ears. They’ve also employed creative processing — taking visual data from infrared and X-ray telescopes and assigning notes to that data-to show celestial (天体的) phenomena via sounds. These “sonifications” (可听化) provide a new way for people to experience those awe-inspiring objects.
Arcand, working with colleagues at the Smithsonian, Harvard and NASA, together with a Canadian science outreach team called SYSTEM Sounds, has been making these custom-made audio tracks that bring celestial images to life. An obvious match-up is to pair brighter parts of an image with louder sounds or to present longer wavelengths of light with lower-pitched sounds, and shorter ones with higher-pitched. Now, many of the tracks can be heard on YouTube, paired up with the images that inspired them, 16 of those sonifications have been put into an album called Universal Harmonies, which will be available on CD and streaming platforms beginning March 10.
Aside from bringing science to a wider audience, Arcand also believes that sonification can bolster the science itself by allowing more people to contribute to our understanding of the universe. One of her goals, she says, is to show that “people who are blind or low-vision ... can also become part of the scientific enterprise.”
For University of Toronto astrophysicist Matt Russo, who runs SYSTEM Sounds together with musician Andrew Santaguida, sonification has been a chance to bring together his two great passions — astronomy and music. It’s both an art and a science. “It was just instantly obvious that it was fun and rewarding,” he says.
32．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Patterns of sound waves. B．Advantages of visualization.
C．Processes of data analysis. D．Approaches to sonifications.
33．How did Arcand’s team turn the images of universe into sounds?
A．By uploading images onto streaming platforms.
B．By pairing images with sounds through creative technology.
C．By identifying and connecting different sound waves.
D．By processing audio data with the help of SYSTEM Sounds.
34．What does the underlined word “bolster” probably mean in paragraph 4?
A．Support. B．Prove. C．Mirror. D．Lead.
35．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．How Does Sound Come into Being? B．What Does the Universe Sound Like?
C．Universe: The Mystery Uncovered D．SYSTEM Sounds: A Pioneer in Space
【答案】32．D 33．B 34．A 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了拥有无数恒星和星系的宇宙在视觉上给人留下了深刻的印象，尤其是当我们使用高倍望远镜观察人类视觉范围之外的事物时。但如果我们也能听到这些物体呢？史密森天体物理天文台的数据可视化专家金·阿坎德和她的团队采用了创造性的处理方法——从红外和X射线望远镜中获取视觉数据，并对这些数据进行注释——通过声音来展示天体现象。这些“声音”为人们体验这些令人敬畏的物体提供了一种新的方式。
32．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Far from it, says Kim Arcand, an expert on data visualization at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Her team has found ways to strengthen distant sound waves that would otherwise be undetectable by human ears. They’ve also employed creative processing — taking visual data from infrared and X-ray telescopes and assigning notes to that data-to show celestial (天体的) phenomena via sounds. These “sonifications” (可听化) provide a new way for people to experience those awe-inspiring objects.”（史密森天体物理天文台的数据可视化专家金·阿坎德说，事实远非如此。她的团队已经找到了增强人类耳朵无法探测到的远距离声波的方法。他们还采用了创造性的处理方法——从红外和x射线望远镜中获取视觉数据，并对这些数据进行注释——通过声音来展示天体现象。这些“声音”为人们体验这些令人敬畏的物体提供了一种新的方式。）可知，第二段的主要讲的是可听化的方法。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“An obvious match-up is to pair brighter parts of an image with louder sounds or to present longer wavelengths of light with lower-pitched sounds, and shorter ones with higher-pitched.”（一种明显的匹配方法是将图像中较亮的部分与较响的声音配对，或者将波长较长的光与较低的声音配对，将波长较短的光与较高的声音配对。）可知，阿坎德的团队通过创造性的技术将图像与声音配对将宇宙的图像转化为声音的。故选B项。
34．词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Aside from bringing science to a wider audience,”（除了将科学带给更广泛的受众之外……）以及划线单词句中“…by allowing more people to contribute to our understanding of the universe.”（让更多的人为我们对宇宙的理解做出贡献）可推知，此处为声音化可以让更多的人为我们对宇宙的理解做出贡献，从而加强科学本身。故可猜测划线单词bolster为“加强，支持”的意思，结合选项A项Support“支持”意思一致。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍史密森天体物理天文台的数据可视化专家金·阿坎德和她的团队采用了创造性的处理方法——从红外和X射线望远镜中获取视觉数据，并对这些数据进行注释——通过声音来展示天体现象。这些“声音”为人们体验这些令人敬畏的物体提供了一种新的方式。结合第一段中“But what if we could hear those objects as well? That may sound impossible at first — how can sound travel through the vacuum of space? Isn’t the universe silent?”（但如果我们也能听到这些物体呢？这听起来似乎不可能——声音怎么能在真空的太空中传播呢？难道宇宙不是寂静的吗？）可知，B项“宇宙的声音是怎样的？”适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·浙江绍兴·校联考模拟预测）Digital technologies are taking up too much of our time and attention. Many of us will spend a significant part of our lives staring at screens, missing out on satisfying relationships and feeling more emotional pain. For many years, we’ve been taught that the solution to this potential harm is some form of digital detox (脱瘾), which mainly shows us what not to do after our digital addiction. 36 Try the following three steps to achieve balance in your and your family’s digital life:
Determine your problem times
Identify the times and situations when being on screens is making your life worse. It could be when you are streaming a TV series right before bed, feeling depressed afterward and losing hours of sleep. Or you could be getting stuck on your device at the dinner table and end up getting distracted. 37 Identify your top two or three problem situations.
38
Once you identify the pain points, for example, scrolling (滚动浏览) on TikTok for hours keeps you from sleeping and makes you feel depressed afterward), ask yourself: What is screen time replacing and what goals is it serving? In other words, what are you actually hungry for? You might be endlessly scrolling because you want to feel uplifted at the end of the day. Write down the things you really want.
Try a substitute
39 It’s crucial to pick something that consistently makes you feel good. For example, if your goal is social connection, make plans for a nice meal with a friend or take that weekly meeting in person rather than via Zoom. If your goal is inspiration, schedule time for oil painting, reading historical fiction or whatever it is that uplifts you. 40 And at last, you will become empowered, healthy and wise digital citizens.
A．Identify your true desire.
B．Determine your pain points.
C．Pretty soon, these replacements will make you feel more satisfied.
D．But the only way to truly gain control is to take positive steps in advance.
E．Or maybe you are inefficient at work because you’re doing too much online shopping.
F．Ask yourself how you can meet those needs through something other than screen time.
G．If your digital life is out of balance, reducing time on devices is an important first step.
【答案】36．D 37．E 38．A 39．F 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。数字技术占用了我们太多的时间和注意力，针对这个问题，作者介绍了三个具体的步骤解决。
36．后文“Try the following three steps to achieve balance in your and your family’s digital life: (尝试以下三个步骤来平衡你和你家人的数字生活:)”作者提出三个具体的步骤解决问题。结合选项，D项“But the only way to truly gain control is to take positive steps in advance. (但真正获得控制的唯一方法是提前采取积极的步骤。)”语意顺承。且同词复现“steps”。故选D。
37．前文“Or you could be getting stuck on your device at the dinner table and end up getting distracted. (或者你可能会在餐桌上沉迷于你的电子设备，最终分心。)”介绍沉迷电子设备的可能场景或者原因。结合选项，E项“Or maybe you are inefficient at work because you’re doing too much online shopping. (或者你工作效率低下，因为你在网上购物太多了。)”同为介绍介绍沉迷电子设备的可能场景或者原因，语意一致。故选E。
38．本句应为小标题。下文“In other words, what are you actually hungry for? (换句话说，你到底在渴望什么?)”作者建议找到真正的愿望。结合选项，A项“Identify your true desire. (确定你真正的愿望。)”为中心句，总领下文。故选A。
39．小标题“Try a substitute (试一试替代品)”作者建议找替代品来减少屏幕时间。结合选项，F项“Ask yourself how you can meet those needs through something other than screen time. (问问你自己，如何通过屏幕时间以外的东西来满足这些需求。)”照应小标题，反思自己如何通过屏幕时间以外的东西来满足这些需求。故选F。
40．前文“If your goal is inspiration, schedule time for oil painting, reading historical fiction or whatever it is that uplifts you. (如果你的目标是灵感，那就安排时间画油画、读历史小说或任何能让你振奋的东西。)”是作者给出的具体建议。结合选项，C项“Pretty soon, these replacements will make you feel more satisfied. (很快，这些替代品会让你感到更满意。)”承接上文，符合逻辑关系。故选C。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·浙江·校联考模拟预测）With a broad smile on her lips, 15-year-old Sirin rushed to her mom to show off her new painting. But her mom raised her eyebrows, and spoke in a hushed tone, “Shh... honey.. don’t shout. I am busy with a(n) 41 talk.”
Holding her oil painting, she 42 and then searched for her dad. “Dad, see what I have done,” Sirin announced aloud in a(an) 43 voice. Her dad smiled and just patted her on back lovingly, saying, “No time, baby. I’m late for work.”
Hearing this, she stormed off to her own bedroom, slammed the door and 44 herself on her bed, sobbing. When her mom was calling her for dinner, Sirin arrived late deliberately. She kept silent, 45 the table mat with her nail. Her mom was puzzled at the 46 behavior. Suddenly, the morning 47 clicked in her mind. Softly, she asked, “Honey, did we do anything wrong?”
At this very moment, Sirin could no longer 48 her anger. “Why is everybody so busy?” she roared, tears streaming down. She assumed that, 49 ignoring her like others in her school, her mom and dad would appreciate her painting, but they were no 50 . Shocked, mom threw her arms around her tightly, announcing 51 and firmly, “Baby, I am so sorry!”
When back from school the next day, Sirin was surprised to see her beautifully-decorated 52 on the wall. It was beautifully framed and just below the painting, it read, “Honey, we are really proud of you!” 53 her parents’ stress from daily routine, she felt sorry about her previous behavior. She 54 her head and apologized.
Though everything came and went, mutual 55 would stay forever in their family.
41．A．important B．empty C．pleasant D．insignificant
42．A．grinned B．frowned C．trembled D．whistled
43．A．amused B．annoyed C．shocked D．thrilled
44．A．hid B．planted C．threw D．settled
45．A．feeling B．stroking C．seizing D．scratching
46．A．unusual B．ridiculous C．impolite D．dishonest
47．A．incident B．accident C．anecdote D．event
48．A．hold onto B．hold back C．throw away D．pick up
49．A．in spite of B．in favor of C．instead of D．on account of
50．A．help B．match C．exception D．luck
51．A．attentively B．unwillingly C．surprisingly D．regretfully
52．A．poster B．painting C．portrait D．note
53．A．Recalling B．Supposing C．Declaring D．Imagining
54．A．nodded B．shook C．cleared D．ducked
55．A．trust B．dependence C．understanding D．admiration
【答案】
41．A 42．B 43．D 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．C 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了15岁的Sirin想要给父母展示自己的绘画，却被父母忽视了，Sirin非常伤心。之后在和父母诉说了自己的感受后，父母理解了Sirin，把她的画挂到了墙上，她也理解了父母的不容易。相互理解将永远留在他们的家庭。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正忙于一个重要的谈话。A. important重要的；B. empty空的；C. pleasant快乐的；D. insignificant不重要的。根据上文“Shh... honey.. don’t shout. I am busy with”以及后文她去找爸爸，可知，妈妈说自己正在忙于一个重要的谈话，故选A。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她手里拿着油画，皱着眉头，开始找爸爸。A. grinned露齿而笑；B. frowned皱眉；C. trembled颤抖；D. whistled吹口哨。结合上文可知妈妈没有理会Sirin，所以她不高兴，皱着眉头。故选B。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sirin用激动的声音大声宣布。A. amused觉得好笑的；B. annoyed生气的；C. shocked震惊的；D. thrilled激动的。根据上文“Dad, see what I have done(爸爸，看看我做了什么)”可知，Sirin用激动的声音大声宣布。故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到这些，她怒气冲冲地跑回自己的卧室，砰地一声关上门，倒在床上啜泣。A. hid隐藏；B. planted种植；C. threw扔；D. settled解决。根据后文“herself on her bed, sobbing”指倒在床上应用throw oneself on bed。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她保持沉默，用指甲刮着桌垫。A. feeling感觉；B. stroking打；C. seizing抓住；D. scratching抓挠。根据后文“the table mat with her nail”指用指甲刮着桌垫。故选D。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她妈妈对这种不寻常的行为感到困惑。A. unusual不寻常的；B. ridiculous可笑的；C. impolite不礼貌的；D. dishonest不诚实的。根据上文“When her mom was calling her for dinner, Sirin arrived late deliberately.(当妈妈叫她吃饭的时候，Sirin故意迟到了)”可知，此处指Sirin一些不寻常的行为，故选A。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，她想起了早晨发生的事。A. incident事件；B. accident事故；C. anecdote趣闻；D. event大事，事件。根据上文“the morning”可知，此处指早上Sirin给妈妈看画的事情，应用incident；event指一些国际大事件，故选A。
48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这一刻，Sirin再也无法抑制她的愤怒。A. hold onto抓住；B. hold back克制；C. throw away丢掉；D. pick up捡起。根据后文““Why is everybody so busy?” she roared, tears streaming down.(“为什么大家都这么忙？”她吼道，眼泪夺眶而出)”可知，Sirin再也无法抑制她的愤怒。故选B。
49．考查介词短语辨析。句意：她以为，她的父母不会像学校里的其他人那样忽视她，而是会欣赏她的画，但他们也不例外。A. in spite of尽管；B. in favor of支持；C. instead of而不是；D. on account of因为。根据后文“ignoring her like others in her school, her mom and dad would appreciate her painting”可知，Sirin以为她的父母会欣赏她的画，而不是忽视她。故选C。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她以为，她的父母不会像学校里的其他人那样忽视她，而是会欣赏她的画，但他们也不例外。A. help帮助；B. match匹配；C. exception例外；D. luck运气。结合第一段和第二段可知，父母也因为忙碌而忽视了她，所以是父母也不例外。故选C。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：妈妈震惊了，紧紧地抱住她，遗憾而坚定地说：“宝贝，我很抱歉!”A. attentively专注地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. surprisingly惊人地；D. regretfully后悔地。根据后文“Baby, I am so sorry!”指妈妈为自己忽视了女儿而感到后悔。故选D。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天从学校回来时，Sirin惊讶地看到墙上挂着她装饰精美的画。A. poster海报；B. painting绘画；C. portrait画像；D. note笔记。呼应第一段“15-year-old Sirin rushed to her mom to show off her new painting”指她的绘画被放到了墙上，故选B。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回想起父母的日常压力，她对自己以前的行为感到抱歉。A. Recalling回想起；B. Supposing认为；C. Declaring说明；D. Imagining想象。根据后文“her parents’ stress from daily routine, she felt sorry about her previous behavior”指回想起父母的日常压力，她对自己以前的行为感到抱歉。故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她低下头道歉。A. nodded点头；B. shook摇晃；C. cleared清理；D. ducked低下，逃避。根据后文“her head and apologized”指低头道歉，故选D。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管一切都来来去去，但相互理解将永远留在他们的家庭。A. trust信任；B. dependence依赖；C. understanding理解；D. admiration钦佩。结合上文可知，父母理解了女儿，女儿也理解了父母的压力，所以是互相理解。故选C。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
（2023·全国·高三专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some unusual words describe how a person spends his or her time. For example, someone who likes to spend a lot of time sitting or 56 (lie) down while watching television is sometimes called a couch potato. A couch is a piece of furniture for people to sit on.
Couch potatoes enjoy watching television just 57 mouse potatoes enjoy working on computers. A computer mouse is the device that moves the pointer 58 a computer screen. The 59 (describe) of mouse potatoes became popular in 1993. American writer Alice Kahn is said to have invented the term to describe young people who use computers a lot.
Too much time inside the house using a computer or watching television can cause someone 60 (get) cabin fever. A cabin is a simple house usually 61 (build) far away from the city. People go to a cabin to relax and enjoy quiet time.
Cabin fever is not really 62 disease. However, people can feel 63 (bore) if they spend too much time inside their homes. This is 64 (especial) true during the winter 65 it is too cold or snowy to do things outside. Often children get cabin fever if they cannot go out to play. So do their parents.
【答案】
56．lying 57．as 58．on 59．description 60．to get 61．built 62．a 63．bored 64．especially 65．when
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了花大量时间看电视的人会导致幽居病。
56．考查动名词。spend+时间+in doing sth “花费时间做某事”为固定短语。故填lying。
57．考查从属连词。分析句子可知，沙发土豆喜欢看电视，就像老鼠土豆喜欢在电脑上工作一样。所以本句为as引导的比较状语从句。故填as。
58．考查介词。 on a computer screen“在电脑屏幕上”，on表示“在......上”。故填on。
59．考查名词。the+名词+of“.....的”。故填description。
60．考查动词不定式。 cause sb to do sth “促使某人做某事”为固定短语，所以空处填to get。故填to get。
61．考查过去分词。分析句子可知，a simple house与build在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填built。
62．考查冠词。disease为可数名词,在本句中表示泛指，且disease首字母的发音为辅音，所以冠词为a。故填a。
63．考查形容词。feel为系动词后接形容词作表语，因为主语为people，所以形容词为bored。以后缀–ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人。故填bored。
64．考查副词。especially为副词，修饰形容词true。故填especially。
65．考查从属连词。分析句子可知，当天气太冷或下雪，不能在外面做事的时候，尤其让人感到厌烦。所以本句为when引导的时间状语从句。故填when。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
（2023·河北·高三河北安国中学校联考阶段练习）假定你是李华，你市将于下周举办民俗文化节。你的外国好友Jack非常喜欢中国文化，你想邀请他和你一起参加。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 写邮件的目的;
2. 简单介绍活动;
3. 表达你的期望。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jack,
I’m delighted to tell you that a Chinese traditional cultural festival is to be held in our city. Knowing that you are keen on Chinese culture. I’m writing to ask you to enjoy it with me.
The festival is scheduled to start next Friday, lasting for two days. Participants from every province in China will show their unique costumes, arts and crafts. In addition, you can also savour various delicious food, which, I think, is the most appealing part. I’m sure this festival will enhance your comprehension of Chinese culture.
I’m looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，请你给喜欢中国文化的外国好友Jack写一封电子邮件，邀请他和你一起参加你市将于下周举办民俗文化节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
吸引人的；appealing→attractive
各种各样的：various.→a variety of
高兴的：delighted→pleased
此外：in additon →besides
2.句式拓展
简单甸变复合句
原句：The festival is scheduled to start next Friday, lasting for two days.
拓展句；The festival is scheduled to start next Friday, which will last for two days.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you are keen on Chinese culture, Im writing to ask you toenjoy it with me.（运用了that引导宾语从句和现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] In addition, you can also savour various delicious food, which, I think, is the most appealing part.(（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
（2023·重庆·高三重庆八中校考阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An abandoned dog stopped at the front door of the Laceys’ small house, wagging its tail, trembling with shyness and cold. Doris Lacey, whose school had been called off because of the snow, spotted the creature and immediately went up to meet it.
“Where did that come from?” Mrs. Lacey asked as soon as Doris put the dog down in the kitchen. Mr. Lacey was at the table, cleaning his fingernails. “I don’t know where it came from, ” he said mildly, “but I know for sure where it’s going.”
Doris hugged the dog hard against her. She said nothing.
Because of the snow, the roads would be too bad for travel for many days. Mr. Lacey couldn’t get out to take the dog to the animal shelter in the city right away. He agreed to let it sleep in the basement while Mrs. Lacey unwillingly let Doris feed it leftover food.
Four days passed and the dog did not complain. It never cried in the night or barked at the wind. It didn’t tear up everything in the basement. It wouldn’t even follow Doris up the basement steps unless it was invited. It was a good dog.
Several times Doris had opened the door in the kitchen that led to the basement and the puppy had been there, all stretched out, on the top step. Doris knew it had wanted some company and that it had lain against the door, listening to the talk in the kitchen, smelling the food, being a part of things. It always wagged its tail, eyes all sleepy, when she found it there.
Even after a week had gone by, Doris didn’t name the dog. She knew her parents wouldn’t let her keep it, that her father made so little money and any pets were out of the question, and that the dog would definitely go to the shelter when the weather cleared. Still, she tried talking to them about the dog at dinner one night. “She’s a good dog and not much trouble, right?” Doris said, hoping one of them would agree with her. But Mr. Lacey shook his head, “You know we can’t afford a dog, Doris. You try to act more grown-up about this.” Doris fell silent, praying the weather would never clear.
注意: 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, the sun was shining the next morning.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later that afternoon, Mr. Lacey came back with the same dog.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
However, the sun was shining the next morning. Doris was sitting alone in the living room trying not to cry, but she was not strong enough. Her face was wet and red, her eyes full of depression. Outside, she heard the trunk of the car slam shut, one of the doors open and close, the old engine cough and choke and finally start up. Hearing the car travel down the road, she could do nothing but cry herself to sleep, and her dreams were full of searching and searching for things lost.
Later that afternoon, Mr. Lacey came back with the same dog. Doris put her hand to her mouth. She couldn’t believe her eyes. “You didn’t take her away?” she asked. “I did,” her father answered. “The worst looking place I’ve ever seen. Ten dogs in a cage. Smell was enough to knock you down. And they give an animal six days to live. Then they kill it with some kind of a shot. I wouldn’t leave an ant in that place, so I brought the dog back.” Doris excitedly ran to her father and gave him a super big hug. What an unexpected surprise it is!
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Doris Lacey在家门口捡到一只流浪狗，父母都不同意在家里养它，但因为下雪路滑，爸爸同意小狗住在地下室。小狗在地下室很乖，Doris Lacey对它产生了感情，想要养它，但是她知道她家里的经济条件无法养它。天气好的时候，爸爸把小狗送收容所了，Doris Lacey很伤心，但没想到后来爸爸又带着小狗回来了。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
由续写第一段首句内容“然而，第二天早上阳光明媚。”可知，第一段可以描写爸爸要把小狗送走了，Doris虽然不舍但也没办法留下它，只能独自伤心。
由续写第二段首句内容“当天下午晚些时候，Lacey先生带着同一只狗回来了。”可知，第二段可以描写爸爸带小狗回来后Doris的惊喜，以及爸爸解释没把小狗留在收容所的原因。
2. 续写线索：天气转晴——Doris因无法留下小狗而努力压抑自己的情绪——爸爸开车带小狗离开——Doris终于忍不住哭了起来——爸爸带着小狗回来——爸爸解释了原因——Doris感到惊喜
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①除了做……外无能为力：could do nothing but do…/couldn’t do anything but do…
②搜寻：search for/in search of
③把……带走：take away/send away
④击倒：knock down/knock over
情绪类
①沮丧：depression/frustration/gloom
②兴奋地：excitedly/in excitement/thrilledly
【点睛】【高分句型1】Her face was wet and red, her eyes full of depression.(使用了“名词+形容词短语”独立主格结构)
【高分句型2】Hearing the car travel down the road, she could do nothing but cry herself to sleep, and her dreams were full of searching and searching for things lost.(使用了现在分词短语作时间状语、省略不定式符号to的结构could do nothing but do和动名词作宾语)
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