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浙江省绍兴市上虞区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省绍兴市上虞区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共28页。
2022学年第一学期高二期末教学质量调测
英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。第Ⅰ卷1至9页，第Ⅱ卷10页至11页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
第 Ⅰ 卷
注意事项：
1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers do?
A. Get some food. B. Go back home. C. Buy some drinks.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Nora, my mouth is dry. I forgot to bring a can of Coke from home.
W: Me too. I noticed there’s a vending machine at the entrance of the park. What about going there and getting some cans of Coke?
M: Good idea! I’ve never found you’re such a careful person.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can we say about the woman?
A. She’s forgetful. B. She’s talkative. C. She’s hard-working.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Elena, what did you want to say a minute ago? I’m sorry I was too busy on the phone then.
W: Oops, I can’t remember now. This sort of thing often happens to me, which troubles me a lot.
M: If it really affects your life, you’d better take a notebook with you.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When did the man take his suits to the laundry?
A. Monday. B. Friday. C. Saturday.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I won’t have anything to wear to work on Monday. I took all my suits to the dry cleaner’s on Friday.
W: Go and pick them up. The shop closes early on weekends.
M: Oh, yes. I’ll pick them up first thing tomorrow. I’m afraid I’m not available today.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a hotel. B. At a train station. C. At an airport.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me, madam. Would you tell me how to get to Gate 23? My flight will take off in half an hour, but I can’t find a sign.
W: Oh, you should walk upstairs. Gates 15 to 27 are on the second floor.
M: Thank you very much. This terminal is really different from others that I’ve been to.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What was the woman’s brother’s advice?
A. Working from home. B. Learning programming. C. Paying off the loan.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I feel so glad that I followed my brother’s advice to learn programming. Otherwise, I wouldn’t have a chance to work from home and I would have difficulty in repaying the bank loan.
M: I do hope the COVID-19 will come to an end as soon as possible.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A video. B. A piece of music. C. A company.
7. How does the woman feel about Victory?
A. It’s encouraging. B. It’s boring. C. It’s unknown.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Luke, have you ever heard the music Victory made by the company Two Steps from Hell?
M: Of course. It has got so popular that people use it widely in short videos.
W: Yes.
M: To tell you the truth, it’s one of my favorite pieces. When I feel sleepy, I’ll listen to it. It can make me feel refreshed.
W: Me too. I’ve collected dozens of pieces that are similar to Victory. They can help me save about 20 yuan every day.
M: Why do you say so?
W: Well, if I don’t listen to this kind of music, I’ll have to spend that amount of money on coffee each day to keep me energetic.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What has the city of Wenzhou managed to do recently?
A. Attract investment.
B. Become an eco-friendly city.
C. Found a hydro-electric power plant.
9. What does the man suggest doing in the end?
A. Stopping using gas.
B Building wind power plants.
C. Raising awareness about resources.
【答案】8 A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Oliver, you know what? Wenzhou has attracted twelve new energy projects which are worth 125.8 billion yuan in recent years.
M: I’ve noticed it has taken action to become a green city. It has a goal of becoming a leader in the innovative development of the new energy industry. What do the new energy projects include exactly?
W: There’s a carbon neutral headquarters facility for wind power. It aims to generate power in deep waters.
M: Fantastic! We do need to turn to green energy. Non-renewable resources, such as oil, natural gas and coal, are becoming less and less on our earth.
W: Yes. We should not only save energy, but also use alternative energy, like the solar energy and wind energy.
M: You can say that again. But some people haven’t been aware that the resources we commonly use will be used up one day. We should do something. How about making some posters to remind people?
W: Good idea.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Where does Wu Ming come from?
A. China. B. Germany. C. America.
11. Why did Wu Ming decide to study Chinese medicine?
A. To learn Chinese culture.
B. To make up for Western medicine.
C. To follow in his parents’ footsteps.
12. What did Wu Ming find most difficult to get used to?
A. The language. B. The weather. C. The living habit.
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Henry, come and see. I bet you’ll like this story.
M: What’s it about, Charlotte?
W: It’s about a young German learning traditional Chinese medicine.
M: Really? Where is he studying?
W: At Henan University of Chinese Medicine.
M: What’s his name?
W: Wu Ming a Chinese name.
M: Ha-ha. I must say I know that guy. He’s my elder brother.
W: Are you serious? You’ve never mentioned him before. Why does your brother show interest in Chinese medicine?
M: You know, both of my parents are working in the hospital in the U.S. My brother thought some diseases can’t be treated thoroughly with Western medicine alone, so he decided to dig into Chinese medicine.
W: Did he have any difficulty in learning?
M: Yes. At first, he couldn’t stand the weather. It’s different from that in our country. But the biggest was that his teachers, schoolmates, and even some patients speak with the Henan dialect in the daily conversations. But now he can communicate with them easily.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the woman?
A. A cleaner. B. A ticket seller. C. A receptionist.
14. Who booked a room for two nights?
A. Charles James. B. Charles Nielsen. C. Charles Nielsen Jr.
15. Why doesn’t the man think he can find a room tonight?
A. There’s no room available.
B. The computer system doesn’t work.
C. All hotels only accept online bookings.
16. What does the man do at the end of the conversation?
A. Stay for two nights.
B. Take the double room.
C. Get a discount this time.
【答案】13. C 14. C 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning, sir. How may I help you?
M: Yes. I’m checking in. My name is Charles Nielsen.
W: Okay, let me have a look. Oh, here it is. You’ve booked a single room for two nights, right?
M: Oh, I booked a room online only for tonight.
W: Hmm … I’d better have a look at the computer. Ah, the room for two nights was booked under the name of Charles Nielsen Jr. And a room for one night under Charles James. I’m sorry. But I can’t find your booking, Mr. Nielsen.
M: There must be something wrong. Please have a check again.
W: Okay. Sir, I’m still sorry.
M: Then do you have any rooms available tonight?
W: I’m afraid not. Since there’s a concert at the nearby stadium tonight, all the rooms have already been booked.
M: Well, I bet the other hotels in town have no rooms available either.
W: Please wait a while. Sir, you are such a lucky guy. A man canceled his booking a minute ago. Now, a double room is available. Would you like to take it?
M: Can I get some discounts?
W: I’m sorry. We don’t offer any discounts today. But I promise you’ll get a 25% discount next time.
M: Okay, here is my ID card.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Giving a lesson. B. Making a speech. C. Hosting a music program.
18. How old was Beethoven when he published his first work?
A. 30 years old. B. 21 years old. C. 13 years old.
19. When did the music piece Symphony No. 5 come out?
A. In 1804. B. In 1808. C. In 1814.
20. What is Fidelio?
A. A band. B. A book. C. A musical play.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】Good morning, everyone! Last Friday, we talked about Mozart and Franz Schubert. In today’s class, we’ll learn about the great German musician Beethoven.
Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770. He was initially taught by his father and later by the composer and conductor Christian Gottlob Neefe. And under Christian’s guidance, he published his first work, a set of piano variations in 1783. At the age of 21, Beethoven moved to Vienna, which later laid the groundwork for his career. He then gained a reputation as a skilled pianist.
His first major orchestral work, Symphony No. 1, was first played in public in 1800. Unluckily, he was gradually losing his hearing. Beethoven had to use notebooks to carry out conversations. But he continued to conduct and finished his Symphony No. 3 and Symphony No. 5 in 1804 and 1808, respectively.
He was almost completely deaf by 1814, and then he gave up performing and appearing in public. Although Beethoven was less socially involved, he composed many of his most admired works. His only opera, Fidelio, first performed in 1805, was revised to its final version in 1814. After a long illness, he died in 1827. Beethoven’s works count a lot in classical music now.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Hong Kong has among the world’s finest dining for various styles of food. Below are four most well-received restaurants among tourists.
Lung King Heen
It is one of only two Cantonese restaurants in the city that are rated 3 stars. The service, food and dining atmosphere is among the best in the world. You might reserve a Victoria Harborview that affords a seat at 8 pm for the Symphony of Lights.
Price per person: 1,200 to 2,000 HKD
Lunch: Monday to Friday noon to 2:30 p.m., Saturday, Sunday, public holiday 11:30 a.m. — 2:30 p.m.
Dinner: 6 p.m. — 10 p.m.
Address: 4/F Four Seasons, 8 Finance Street
Bo Innovation
Bo Innovation is surprising because the food isn’t traditional Chinese, but it is rated 3-Michelin stars highly for the creativity as well as for the delicious, sometimes novel flavors.
Price per person: above 800 HKD
Hours: Mon — Thu noon — 3 p.m., 6:30 p.m. — midnight; Fri noon — 3 p.m., 6 p.m. — midnight; Sat 6 p.m. — midnight, Sun closed
Address: Shop 8, 1/F, The Podium, J Residence, 60 Johnston Road, Wan Chai
Harvest Restaurant
Harvest Restaurant has a public beachfront all to itself at the region’s newest theme park called Noah’s Ark. It is a special treat for children and tourists. You’ll find an excellent selection of good quality food, excellent buffet, good views, and a relatively low dinner price.
Average price per person: Monday to Thursday HKD 380 and Friday to Sunday HKD 430. v
Hours: 8:00 a.m. — 9:30 p.m.
Address: 33 Pak Yan Road, Ma Wan Island
Caprice French Restaurant
Caprice stands out for an excellent window-side view, elegant setting, and the best quality food, where tourists can appreciate the charming scenery of Victoria Harbor.
Average price per person: HKD 823
Hours: 12 p.m. — 2:30 p.m. (for lunch) and 6 p.m. — 10:30 p.m. (for dinner, and closing time for last order)
Address: Floor 6, Four Seasons Hotel, 8 Financial Street
21. In which restaurants can tourists admire the view of Victoria Harbor?
A. Bo Innovation and Harvest Restaurant.
B. Lung King Heen and Harvest Restaurant.
C. Lung King Heen and Caprice French Restaurant.
D. Caprice French Restaurant and Harvest Restaurant.
22 What do the four restaurants have in common?
A. They all open on Saturdays. B. They all have received 3 stars.
C. They are located in the same streets. D. They all charge above 400 HKD per person.
23. Where is the passage probably from?
A. An encyclopedia. B. A travel brochure. C. A research report. D. A health website.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍香港四家最受欢迎的餐厅的情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lung King Heen部分中“You might reserve a Victoria Harbor view that affords a seat at 8 pm for the Symphony of Lights.(你可以预定一个能看到维多利亚港的座位，晚上8点看《幻彩咏香江》)”以及Caprice French Restaurant部分中“Caprice stands out for an excellent window-side view, elegant setting, and the best quality food, where tourists can appreciate the charming scenery of Victoria Harbor.(在这里，游客可以欣赏到维多利亚港迷人的景色，风景优美，环境优雅，食物最优质)”可知，游客可以在Lung King Heen和Caprice French Restaurant欣赏维多利亚港的景色。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部分“Lunch: Monday to Friday noon to 2:30 p.m., Saturday, Sunday, public holiday 11:30 a.m. — 2:30 p.m.(午餐：星期一至五中午至下午二时三十分，星期六、日及公众假期上午11:30至下午二时三十分)”；第二部分“Hours: Mon — Thu noon — 3 p.m., 6:30 p.m. — midnight; Fri noon — 3 p.m., 6 p.m. — midnight; Sat 6 p.m. — midnight, Sun closed(营业时间：星期一至四中午至下午3时，下午6时30分至午夜；星期五中午到下午3点，下午6点到午夜；星期六下午6点到午夜，日出关门)”；第三部分“Hours: 8:00 a.m. — 9:30 p.m.(工作时间：上午8时至晚上9时30分)”以及最后一部分“Hours: 12 p.m. — 2:30 p.m. (for lunch) and 6 p.m. — 10:30 p.m. (for dinner, and closing time for last order)(营业时间：下午12点至下午2:30（午餐），下午6点至晚上10:30（晚餐，最后点餐结束时间）)”可知，这四家餐厅的共同之处是都在星期六开门。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Hong Kong has among the world’s finest dining for various styles of food. Below are four most well-received restaurants among tourists.(香港拥有世界上最好的餐厅，各种风格的食物。以下是四家最受游客欢迎的餐厅)”可知，文章主要介绍香港四家最受欢迎的餐厅的情况。由此推知，文章可能选自一本旅行册。故选B。
B
As the Chinese saying goes, a seed can change the world; a variety can benefit a nation. Zhang Daorong, who has spent the last 26 years cultivating 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security efforts, has done both.
After graduating from the Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University in Daqing, Heilongjiang province, in 1996, Zhang has been working as a researcher at the Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei province. Though the working conditions and incomes she received at that moment were not satisfying, she ploughed on and devoted herself to the research of wheat varieties.
Agricultural research work was hard and complicated. First she led her colleagues to suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose. Then, the team tried a hybrid combination. After several generations of trial and selection, and when characteristics remained steady, they began a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification. After several more rounds of tests, an application for evaluation and approval was made to provincial or national authorities for market production.
The wheat varieties developed by Zhang and her colleagues have been grown on 2 million hectares of farmland and have generated net profits of over 100 million yuan. One of them produces large seed heads and is highly resistant to stripe rust; another is highly resistant to pre-harvest sprouting, which results in a decrease of the grain yield.
Today, the 50-year-old, known as the “mother of wheat”, still works on the land. She considers it her responsibility to work hard and contribute to food safety, especially when the domestic and global economy still face headwinds from the COVID-19 pandemic. “Agricultural research work is hard and complicated. All we can do is think more, discuss more, ask more questions and find answers on the land.” she said.
24. What can we learn about Zhang Daorong?
A. Her work is important and demanding.
B. She got highly paid when she worked in Hubei.
C. She retired after being titled “mother of wheat”.
D. Her wheat varieties have high production but low disease resistance.
25. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. What difficulty Zhang met in the research.
B. How Zhang and her team did agricultural research.
C. What contributions Zhang made to Chinese agriculture.
D. Why Zhang and her team developed a hybrid wheat type.
26. Which of the following can best describe Zhang Daorong?
A. Generous and caring. B. Determined and honest.
C. Responsible and devoted. D. Modest and knowledgeable.
27. What’s the writing purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce a great scientist.
B. To advertise some high-profit wheat varieties.
C. To state the importance of agricultural research .
D. To encourage young people to work on agriculture.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家张道荣的个人经历、工作特点以及取得的成就。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Agricultural research work was hard and complicated.(农业研究工作既艰苦又复杂)”以及最后一段“She considers it her responsibility to work hard and contribute to food safety, especially when the domestic and global economy still face headwinds from the COVID-19 pandemic.(她认为自己有责任努力工作，为食品安全做出贡献，尤其是在国内和全球经济仍面临新冠疫情的不利影响的情况下)”可知，张道荣的工作很重要，要求也很高。故选A。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Agricultural research work was hard and complicated. First she led her colleagues to suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose. Then, the team tried a hybrid combination. After several generations of trial and selection, and when characteristics remained steady, they began a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification. After several more rounds of tests, an application for evaluation and approval was made to provincial or national authorities for market production.(农业研究工作既艰苦又复杂。首先，她带领她的同事找到了适合特定培养目的的亲本型。然后，该团队尝试了一种混合组合。经过几代的试验和选择，当特征保持稳定时，他们开始了为期两年的产量测试和疾病鉴定过程。经过几轮测试后，向省级或国家主管部门提出了评估和批准的申请，以便投入市场生产)”可知，第三段的主要内容是张道荣和她的团队是如何进行农业研究的。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Zhang Daorong, who has spent the last 26 years cultivating 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security efforts, has done both.(张道荣在过去的26年里培育了13种小麦新品种，为国家粮食安全做出了贡献)”，第二段“Though the working conditions and incomes she received at that moment were not satisfying, she ploughed on and devoted herself to the research of wheat varieties.(虽然当时的工作条件和收入并不令人满意，但她坚持不懈，致力于小麦品种的研究)”以及最后一段“She considers it her responsibility to work hard and contribute to food safety, especially when the domestic and global economy still face headwinds from the COVID-19 pandemic.(她认为自己有责任努力工作，为食品安全做出贡献，尤其是在国内和全球经济仍面临新冠疫情的不利影响的情况下)”可推知，张道荣有责任心和奉献精神。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Zhang Daorong, who has spent the last 26 years cultivating 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security efforts, has done both.(张道荣在过去的26年里培育了13种小麦新品种，为国家粮食安全做出了贡献)”结合文章主要介绍了科学家张道荣的个人经历、工作特点以及取得的成就。可推知，文章的写作目的是介绍一位伟大的科学家。故选A。
C
Often when I mention I have a Ph.D. in physics and astronomy, the response I get from people is “Oh, you must be so smart!” In general, people tend to associate science with “braininess”. It is usually the way society sees scientists versus non-scientists.
Science writer Kat Arney explored this issue in a column for the Royal Society of Chemistry. As she points out, this seemingly unbreakable association between braininess and science influences children’s views of their future. Those who do not see themselves as being among the cleverest in class will automatically discount the idea of a career in a scientific area, even if they find science interesting and do well in the subject.
This stereotype (刻板印象) affects young girls. School-aged girls slightly outperform boys in math and science. However, men take up a bigger amount of positions at science, from undergraduate science majors to administrative positions with the power to hire and promote. In other words, the message of braininess matching scientific skills is applied more heavily to men than to women.
The problem is far worse when the message is used to generalize about groups, especially race. When combined with the cultural belief that only the “brainy” are worthy of scientific training, it becomes a self-reinforcing (自我强化的) cycle. You will hear that African-American under-representation in science is because they are not “smart” enough. In fact, black-majority schools are often underfunded. They lack teachers, supplies and other necessities for STEM preparation. To make matters worse, their students are faced with daily challenges to their intelligence for those who do earn STEM degrees.
The truth is, none of us are born scientists. We often say, “children are natural scientists.” What we really mean is that they are naturally curious and willing to experiment in ways adults are generally trained out of. They have to be taught to channel that curiosity into productive pathways. And we have to do a lot better at not reinforcing the message that scientists are smarter than non-scientist and that only the geniuses can do science.
28. What is a commonly held belief of scientists according to the author?
A. Children are true scientists.
B. Men are better scientists than women.
C. Scientists are smarter than non-scientists.
D. African-Americans are least likely to be scientists.
29. How does the stereotype affect young girls?
A. School girls can’t perform well in science and maths.
B. Young girls are willing to choose a career in a scientific area.
C. Young girls take up a smaller number of positions at science.
D School girls see themselves as not being among the cleverest in class.
30. Apart from the stereotype, what may prevent African-Americans from pursuing science?
A. Their low intelligence. B. The self-reinforcing cycle.
C. The majority of black students in their schools. D. A lack of school resources for STEM teaching.
31. What’s the author’s attitude towards the stereotype?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Ambiguous.
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了“科学家比非科学家更聪明”的刻板印象及其影响。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In general, people tend to associate science with ‘braininess’. It is usually the way society sees scientists versus non-scientists.(一般来说，人们倾向于把科学与‘聪明’联系在一起。这通常是社会看待科学家与非科学家的方式)”可知，人们对科学家的刻板印象是认为科学家比非科学家更聪明，故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“School-aged girls slightly outperform boys in math and science. However, men take up a bigger amount of positions at science, from undergraduate science majors to administrative positions with the power to hire and promote.(学龄女孩在数学和科学方面的表现略优于男孩。然而，男性在科学领域占据了更多的职位，从本科科学专业到拥有招聘和晋升权力的行政职位)”可知，刻板印象对年轻女孩的影响是她们在科学领域占据更少的职位。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“They lack teachers, supplies and other necessities for STEM preparation.(他们缺乏教师、物资和其他为STEM准备的必需品)”可知，缺乏STEM教学的学校资源也是阻碍非裔美国人追求科学的一个因素，故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And we have to do a lot better at not reinforcing the message that scientists are smarter than non-scientist and that only the geniuses can do science.(我们必须做更多，不要强化科学家比非科学家更聪明，只有天才才能做科学这样的信息)”可知，作者提出不要强化科学家比非科学家更聪明这种刻板印象，故他对此持否定的态度。故选B。
D
The original Blade Runner film took place in an imagined Los Angeles of 2019, a futuristic city where skies were crowded with “skimmers”: flying cars that zipped along aerial highways. Since the film’s 1982 debut(首映), technology has advanced in ways that Hollywood might never have predicted.
Flying cars may seem futuristic — but from commercial jetpacks to personal air taxis, they are already here. Here’s how they could transform the way we commute, work and live.
While these aircraft may not look exactly like Blade Runner’s imaginings, they are not that far off. Far smaller than a commercial plane, most are designed with rotors (螺旋桨) instead of wings, which allow for vertical takeoffs and landings. Most importantly, these vehicles are designed to offer faster commutes than traditional modes of transit for individuals, especially in traffic-clogged cities.
At the moment, the autonomous urban aircraft market is still a bit of a Wild West. Dozens of start-up companies are competing to develop commercial jetpacks, flying motorbikes and personal air taxis. Meanwhile, aviation authorities are currently hashing out the policies and safety standards that will govern this new field of transport.
Volocopter, for instance, has marketed its VoloCity craft as the first commercially licensed electrically powered air taxi, a vehicle which will eventually be able to run without a pilot. “It’s like an Uber Black,” says Fabien Nestmann, vice president of public affairs at Volocopter. Initially, the VoloCity will only have room for a single passenger. That will mean a higher cost per ride at first. But eventually, the company’s goal is to make the cost competitive with, say, an Uber Black. “We don’t want this to be a toy for the wealthy, but rather part of a well-integrated journey for anyone in an urban area,” he says.
Increasing numbers of flying cars will naturally give rise to a changing layout in the way our cities are structured as cities grow taller, rooftop landings expand and air highways connect super sky-scrapers, freeing up space below. Fewer cars on the ground will reduce traffic jam and may give rise to parks and green spaces.
32. Why does the author mention Blade Runner film in paragraph 1?
A. To show an example. B. To lead to the topic.
C. To express his doubts. D. To give background information.
33. Which has the closest meaning to the underlined part “a Wild West” in paragraph 4?
A. Promising B. Stable C. Immature D. Overdeveloped
34. What effect will flying cars probably bring to the city?
A. More green spaces. B. Severe traffic jams.
C. Advanced sky-scrapers. D. Expanded air highways.
35. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Blade Runner’s Imaginings Come True B. The Number of Flying Cars Are Increasing
C. The Flying Car Is Here to Change the World D. Autonomous Urban Aircraft Market Is Booming
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了飞行汽车可能对人们的生活产生的改变和带来的影响。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The original Blade Runner film took place in an imagined Los Angeles of 2019, a futuristic city where skies were crowded with “skimmers”: flying cars that zipped along aerial highways. Since the film’s 1982 debut (首映), technology has advanced in ways that Hollywood might never have predicted.(最初的《银翼杀手》电影发生在2019年的洛杉矶，这是一个未来主义的城市，天空中挤满了“漂浮器”：在空中高速公路上飞驰的飞行汽车。自1982年这部电影上映以来，科技的进步可能是好莱坞从未预料到的)”可推知，作者在第一段提到了《银翼杀手》这部电影是为了引入主题——飞行汽车。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Dozens of start-up companies are competing to develop commercial jetpacks, flying motorbikes and personal air taxis. Meanwhile, aviation authorities are currently hashing out the policies and safety standards that will govern this new field of transport.(数十家初创公司正在竞相开发商用喷气背包、飞行摩托车和个人空中出租车。与此同时，航空当局目前正在制定政策和安全标准，以管理这一新的运输领域)”可知，后文提到初创公司正在开发，相关规定正在制定，说明自动驾驶城市飞机市场还不成熟。故画线词意思是“不成熟的”。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Fewer cars on the ground will reduce traffic jam and may give rise to parks and green spaces.(地面上更少的汽车将减少交通堵塞，并可能增加公园和绿地)”可知，飞行汽车可能会给城市带来更多绿地。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Flying cars may seem futuristic — but from commercial jetpacks to personal air taxis, they are already here. Here’s how they could transform the way we commute, work and live.(飞行汽车可能看起来很未来，但从商用喷气背包到个人空中出租车，它们已经出现了。以下是它们如何改变我们通勤、工作和生活的方式)”结合文章主要说明了飞行汽车可能对人们的生活产生的改变和带来的影响。可知，C选项“飞行汽车将改变世界”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading a dog’s body language requires experience and expert guidance. Zazie Todd, a dog trainer and founder of the blog Companion Animal Psychology, thinks about how to understand dogs’ behaviour.
____36____
They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know their behavior is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College who researches dogs’ cognition(认知), points out the “guilty” look is linked to being scolded by the owner.
If your dog licks their mouth
They’re stressed. Recently, two European studies have highlighted the meaning of this licking. One found that it was a dog’s response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen.____37____ If you spot this sign, try reducing your dog’s stress levels. It could be as simple as giving them more physical space.
If there are fireworks and your dog is shaking
____38____This is a common reaction, but a surprising number of people don’t realize that shaking and trembling are signs of fear. Whereas only a quarter of owners say their dog is afraid of loud noises, half report these behavioral signs.
If you are at the vet and your dog’s tail is down
They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling.____39____ Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun.
If your dog leans into you during a petting time
They like it! If you’re unsure that a dog is enjoying being petted, stop, then watch their reaction. If they choose to wander off, the petting time is over. Other signs of discomfort include sniffing the floor, looking away and breathing heavily. However, if they lean on you or paw at you to get more hugs, continue!____40____
A. This behavior means they like it.
B. They are frightened by the noises.
C. If your dog gets stressed at appointments, ask what can be done.
D. If your dog looks guilty when you walk in the door and see a mess.
E. Start to pet them and remain nearby so that your dog would be comforted.
F. The other determined that dogs lick their mouths in response to a mild threat.
G. Preferred parts on their bodies are to either side of the chest and under the chin.
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. B 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就狗的一些常见肢体语言进行解释说明。
【36题详解】
根据本段内容“They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know their behavior is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College who researches dogs’ cognition(认知), points out the “guilty” look is linked to being scolded by the owner.(他们知道会有惩罚，但不一定知道自己的行为是错误的。巴纳德学院研究狗的认知的教授Alexandra Horowitz指出，“内疚”的表情与被主人责骂有关)”可知，本段主要是关于狗看起来内疚的情况，D选项中guilty对应后文guilty。故D选项“当你走进门看到乱七八糟的东西时，如果你的狗看起来很内疚”符合语境，故选D。
【37题详解】
根据标题“If your dog licks their mouth(如果你的狗舔他们的嘴)”以及前文“One found that it was a dog’s response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen.(其中一项研究发现，这是狗在电脑屏幕上看到愤怒或咄咄逼人的人脸时的反应)”可知，本段主要是关于狗舔嘴的解释，F选项lick their mouths对应标题lick their mouths。故F选项“另一项研究认为，狗舔嘴是对轻微威胁的反应”符合语境，故选F。
【38题详解】
根据后文“This is a common reaction, but a surprising number of people don’t realize that shaking and trembling are signs of fear. Whereas only a quarter of owners say their dog is afraid of loud noises, half report these behavioral signs.(这是一种常见的反应，但令人惊讶的是，很多人没有意识到震动和颤抖是恐惧的迹象。虽然只有四分之一的主人说他们的狗害怕大的噪音，但有一半的人报告了这些行为迹象)”可知，本段主要说明了狗害怕大的噪音，B选项noises对应后文loud noises。故B选项“它们害怕噪音”符合语境，故选B。
【39题详解】
根据上文“They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling.(他们焦虑。狗不开心的明显迹象包括躲起来或试图离开检查室，但通常错过的触发因素包括夹起尾巴、垂下耳朵、颤抖)”以及后文“Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun.(许多兽医现在用食物来增加体验的乐趣)”可知，后文提到了减轻狗压力的办法，可知本句主要是针对感到压力应该怎么办进行提问。故C选项“如果你的狗在检查时感到压力，问问能做些什么”符合语境，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据上文“However, if they lean on you or paw at you to get more hugs, continue!(然而，如果它们靠在你身上或用爪子抓你来得到更多的拥抱，继续！)”可知，上文提到了继续抚摸自己的宠物，本句为本段最后一句，G选项“它们喜欢的（被抚摸的）身体部位是胸部两侧和下巴下面”符合语境，就抚摸的部位进行进一步说明。故选G。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共 15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Massimo Bottura opened a restaurant in Italy in 1995 which is a two-time winner of the world’s best. Today, his cooking empire ____41____ from Dubai to Los Angeles. And he is one of the stars of a popular Netflix series. However, out of all those ____42____, Italy’s most celebrated chef says that the peak is Refettorio Ambrosianos.
At Refettorio Ambrosianos, dinner guests are greeted by name and dine on fine china at tables. The menu changes daily,____43____what comes in with the morning’s delivery. The delivery may____44____ dry vegetables, meat close to sell-by date and too-ugly-to-sold fruits. By dinner, however, the supermarket wastes have been ____45____into delicious meals. About 100 diners—refugees, the homeless, and the unemployed—enjoy the meal with obvious____46____, laughing with the volunteer waiters, praising the volunteer chefs, and forgetting, at least for an hour, the____47____ of a life on the streets.
____48____, Bottura’s Refettorios are not restaurants, they are soup kitchens. But unlike ____49____ soup kitchens, the guests do not have to wait in a line to receive food. As Bottura says, the experience can make his guests _____50_____ confidence, forget the hardships and feel_____51_____.
Chefs at Refettorio cook free meals with_____52_____ from local shops. So Refettorio Ambrosianos are _____53_____ as places to focus attention on the growing global food waste problem. “Refettorio Ambrosiano is a movement hoping to _____54_____food waste crisis,” says Bottura, “I never thought leftover foods were a waste. An old carrot, a hard piece of bread, brown bananas…they are just opportunities for us to create something_____55_____.”
41. A. extracts B. expands C. exposes D. estimates
42. A. consequences B. fantasies C. achievements D. entertainments
43. A. depending on B. insisting on C. switching on D. calling on
44. A. comprise B. link C. trace D. consume
45. A. obtained B. displayed C. transformed D. interpreted
46. A. quantity B. suspect C. ambition D. pleasure
47. A. challenges B. expectations C. boundaries D. conflicts
48. A. Ultimately B. Actually C. Barely D. Merely
49. A. contradictory B. abstract C. complex D. traditional
50. A. reveal B. recall C. regain D. react
51. A. occupied B. tricked C. comforted D. committed
52. A. leftovers B. grains C. desserts D. recipes
53. A. clarified B. acknowledged C. qualified D. protected
54. A. defend B. blame C. strengthen D. defeat
55. A. vivid B. remarkable C. amusing D. optimistic
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Refettorio Ambrosianos利用商店、超市等地方的剩余物为无家可归者做出美味，让他的客人重新获得信心，忘记困难。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，他的烹饪帝国从迪拜扩展到了洛杉矶。A. extracts提取；B. expands扩展；C. exposes暴露；D. estimates估计。根据下文“from Dubai to Los Angeles(从迪拜到洛杉矶)”可知，空白处应填表示“扩展”含义的动词，故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，意大利最著名的厨师说，在所有这些成就中，最高成就是Refettorio Ambrosianos。A. consequences结果；B. fantasies幻想；C. achievements成就；D. entertainments娱乐。根据下文“the peak(最高成就)”可知上文说的是在所有的成就中，故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：菜单每天都会变化，这取决于早上送来的东西。A. depending on取决于；B. insisting on坚持；C. switching on转换；D. calling on号召。根据下文“what comes in with the morning’s delivery(早上送来的东西)”可知，早上送来的东西决定了菜单每天的变化，空白处应填表示“取决于……”含义的动词短语，故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词意辨析。句意：送来的东西可能包括干蔬菜、接近保质期的肉类和难看到无法出售的水果。A. comprise包括；B. link联系；C. trace跟踪；D. consume消耗。根据上文“The delivery(送来的东西)”以及下文“dry vegetables, meat close to sell-by date and too-ugly-to-sold fruits(干蔬菜、接近保质期的肉类和难看到无法出售的水果)”可知下文是上文的组成部分，空白处应填表示“包括”含义的动词，故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到了晚饭时，超市里的垃圾已经变成了美味的饭菜。A. obtained获得；B. displayed陈列；C. transformed转变；D. interpreted口译。根据上文“the supermarket wastes(超市里的垃圾)”以及下文“delicious meals.( 美味的饭菜)”可知上下文中间应填表示“转变”含义的动词，故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约100名食客，大多是难民、无家可归者和失业者，享受着这顿饭的乐趣，与志愿服务员一起大笑，赞扬志愿厨师，至少在一个小时内忘记了街头生活的挑战。A. quantity质量；B. suspect怀疑；C. ambition野心；D. pleasure快乐。根据上文“enjoy the meal(享受这顿饭)”可知空白处应填表示“乐趣”含义的名词，故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. challenges挑战；困难；B. expectations期待；C. boundaries分界线；D. conflicts冲突。根据下文“life on the streets(大街上的生活)”可知，此处上下文说的是暂时忘记大街上的艰难生活，故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Bottura的Refettorios不是餐馆，它们是他们是施粥所。A. Ultimately最后地；B. Actually事实上；C. Barely勉强；D. Merely仅仅。根据下文“Bottura’s Refettorios are not restaurants, they are soup kitchens(Bottura的Refettorios不是餐馆，它们是汤房)”可知，此处陈述了一个事实，空白处应填表示“实际上”含义的副词，故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但与传统的施粥所不同，客人不必排队领取食物。A. contradictory矛盾的；B. abstract抽象的；C. complex复杂的；D. traditional传统的。根据下文“the guests do not have to wait in a line to receive food(客人不必排队领取食物)”可知此处在与之前的施粥所进行比较，空白处应填“传统的”含义的形容词，故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如博图拉所说，这种体验可以让他的客人重新获得信心，忘记困难，感到安慰。A. reveal揭露；B. recall回想；C. regain重新获得；D. react反应。根据下文“confidence(自信)”可知，来店里的客人大多是没有自信的无家可归者，这种体验可以让他们重新获得自信，故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. occupied占用的；B. tricked被骗的；C. comforted被安慰的；D. committed忠诚的。根据上文“the experience can make his guests regain confidence, forget the hardships(这种体验可以让他的客人重新获得信心，忘记困难)”可推理出，这种体验能给这些无家可归者一种被安慰的感觉，故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Refettorio餐厅的厨师用当地商店的剩菜烹制免费餐点。A. leftovers剩饭；剩余物；B. grains谷物；C. desserts甜点；D. recipes食谱。根据下文“from local shops(从当地商店)”以及“I never thought leftover foods were a waste(我从没想过吃剩的食物是垃圾)”可知，空白处应填表示“剩余物”含义的名词，故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，Refettorio Ambrosianos被认为是关注日益严重的全球食物浪费问题的地方。A. clarified澄清；B. acknowledged承认；认为；C. qualified使具有资格；D. protected保护。be acknowledged as为固定短语，含义为：被认为是……，根据下文“places to focus attention on the growing global food waste problem(关注日益严重的全球食物浪费问题的地方)”可知，Refettorio Ambrosianos被认为是关注日益严重的全球食物浪费问题的地方，故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Refettorio Ambrosiano是一个希望战胜食物浪费危机的运动。A. defend防御；B. blame责怪；C. strengthen加强；D. defeat战胜。根据上文“movement(运动)”以及下文“food waste crisis(食物浪费危机)”，分析待选项，“defeat(战胜)”表达的含义符合语境，故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一根老胡萝卜、一块硬面包、棕色香蕉……它们正好是我们创造非凡事物的机会。A. vivid生动的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. amusing有趣的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据上文“Refettorio Ambrosiano is a movement hoping to defeat food waste crisis(Refettorio Ambrosiano是一个希望战胜食物浪费危机的运动)”可知，此处上下文说的是Refettorio Ambrosiano利用商店剩余物，希望战胜食物浪费危机，这是一件非凡的事，故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第二节(10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kids want to have adventures in parks, with features like flying foxes, trees for climbing, and swings on their wish lists, new research has found. Teens ____56____ (prefer) places to hang out with friends like sports courts, while older adults enjoyed more peaceful ____57____ (surround) with walking paths, and shady trees.
Associate Professor Jenny found that while children, teens and older adults all looked for different features in parks, well-designed urban spaces appealed ____58____all age groups. “COVID-19 reminds us of the critical role parks play in our community,” she said. “For many people during lockdown, visiting____59____ nearby park has been one of the highlights of the day. They are a free space ____60____ is easy to access and can have numerous benefits on health and well-being.”
A previous park refurbishment study showed it cost 58 cents____61____(entire) to gain an additional hour of exercise per person,” Veitch said. “So far, a lot of money____62____ (raise) by many councils to spend on parks.____63____ the problem is that the money must be the right expense to achieve the attractive parks wanted by the public. Otherwise, we are wasting____64____ (value) space and funds.”
Veitch said that _____65_____ (create) active environments that promote physical activity was a global priority, given that the international trend in crowded urban living and rising obesity levels.
【答案】56. preferred
57. surroundings
58. to 59. a
60. which##that
61. entirely
62. has been raised
63. But 64. valuable
65. creating
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了专家发现，虽然儿童、青少年和老年人都在公园里寻找不同的特色，但精心设计的城市空间对所有年龄段的人都有吸引力。
【56题详解】
考查时态。句意：青少年喜欢和朋友一起出去玩的地方，比如运动场，而老年人喜欢更安静的环境，有人行道和树荫。根据后文并列句谓语enjoyed可知，谓语动词prefer为一般过去时。故填preferred。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：青少年喜欢和朋友一起出去玩的地方，比如运动场，而老年人喜欢更安静的环境，有人行道和树荫。作宾语，表示“环境”应用名词surroundings。故填surroundings。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：珍妮副教授发现，虽然儿童、青少年和老年人都在公园里寻找不同的特色，但精心设计的城市空间对所有年龄段的人都有吸引力。短语appeal to表示“吸引……”。故填to。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：对封锁期间的许多人来说，参观附近的公园是一天中最重要的事情之一。park为可数名词，此处为泛指且nearby是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：它们是一个自由的空间，很容易进入，对健康和福祉有很多好处。限制性定语从句修饰先行词space，先行词指物，关系词在从句作主语，故用which或that引导。故填which/that。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：之前的一项公园翻新研究表明，每人额外增加一小时的运动时间总共花费58美分。修饰动词cost应用副词entirely，作状语。故填entirely。
【62题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，许多地方议会已经筹集了大量资金用于公园建设。主语a lot of money与谓语动词raise构成被动关系，根据so far可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语不可数，助动词用has。故填has been raised。
【63题详解】
考查连词。句意：但问题是，这笔钱必须是正确的支出，以实现公众想要的有吸引力的公园。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but，句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：否则，我们就是在浪费宝贵的空间和资金。修饰名词space and funds应用形容词valuable，作定语。故填valuable。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：维奇说，鉴于城市生活拥挤和肥胖水平上升的国际趋势，创造促进体育锻炼的活跃环境是全球的当务之急。作从句的主语，应用动名词形式。故填creating。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假如你是李华，上周你校举办了“Science Lights Up the Future”为主题的科技创新大赛(the Science and Technology Innovation Contest)。请你为校报写一篇英文报道，内容包括：
1. 比赛目的；
2. 比赛内容；
3. 活动感想。
注意：
1. 词数80词左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Science Lights Up the Future
Last week witnessed the Science and Technology Innovation Contest of our school with the theme of “Science Lights Up the Future”.
To enrich students’ knowledge of modern science and technology as well as inspire us with scientific innovation in this “smarter” world, our school held a variety of exhibitions and lectures, which were both informative and inspiring. There were many hand-on scientific designs and inventions as well, among which the most popular ones were rockets and 3D printing.
The contest was proved hugely rewarding, broadening our horizons, promoting our creativity and cultivating our innovation.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇英文报道，要求考生以李华的身份对上周你校举办了“Science Lights Up the Future”为主题的科技创新大赛(the Science and Technology Innovation Contest)进行报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举行：hold→ stage
许多：many → plenty of
流行的：popular →widespread
证明是：be proved to be→ turn out to be
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The contest was proved hugely rewarding, broadening our horizons, promoting our creativity and cultivating our innovation.
拓展句：The contest was so rewarding that it can broaden our horizons, promoteour creativity and cultivate our innovation.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To enrich students’ knowledge of modern science and technology as well as inspire us with scientific innovation in this “smarter” world, our school held a variety of exhibitions and lectures, which were both informative and inspiring.(运用了动词不定式作目的状语，which引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】There were many hand-on scientific designs and inventions as well, among which the most popular ones were rockets and 3D printing.（运用了“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Dad, are you sure there will be a bar of chocolate?” I asked, lining up with Dad and Uncle John near the back of many runners in Los Angeles. My first marathon. It was pouring rain, my legs were cold, and I was wishing I hadn’t been too nervous to eat a bigger breakfast.
“There were tables of chocolate bars every mile at my last marathon,” Dad said.
Suddenly everyone around us started moving. Way up ahead I saw smoke from the cannon (手枪). Our marathon started.
“You go on ahead,” Dad said, panting. “I’ll see you at the end.”
Uncle John and I zigzagged through the runners. Soon Dad was way behind. We reached mile 5, but I still hadn’t seen a chocolate bar anywhere. Instead, the streets were lined with fast-food places. I smelled the food as I ran — doughnuts, hamburgers, fries.
By mile 8, I was starving. How I wished I’d eaten six pieces of toast, eggs, bacon, ... It was raining so hard. My hands stung from the cold.
On the balconies people yelled and waved to us. At mile 10, I took a power gel (能量胶) out of my pocket and tried to open it, but my hands were so cold as if they had been frozen into fists. When I rounded the corner, I saw my aunt and my little brother cheering for us. I wanted to stop and talk, but I couldn’t get out of the flow of runners. The road ahead was yellow. Thousands of banana skins everywhere. Food at last! I grabbed a banana and wolfed it down.
Mile 15. I looked down at my feet and watched them run across the stars. There were tables full of power gels. I took one and tore it open. My hands had come unfrozen. I squeezed the packet and filled my mouth with sweet stuff. Chocolate would taste better.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
My legs ached and I didn’t want to run another inch.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I was running at full speed, and the crowd was yelling just for me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
My legs ached and I didn’t want to run another inch. The thought of giving up and having a bath mounted inside me. Finally hunger coupled with the fierce rain succeeded in persuading me! I told Uncle John to go on ahead and walked into the bathroom. When I came out, I dragged my legs towards the finish line. Along the way, older people ran past me, and yelled, “Don’t give up.” which, hardened my heart. I couldn’t help thinking, if they could do it, so could I. After a struggle in my heart, I decided to speed up.
Paragraph 2:
I was running at full speed, and the crowd was yelling just for me. With a glow rekindled in my mind, I outran the runners in sight. Mile 25. Soaked with sweat, I was on the last long stretch and I could hear the crowd at the finish line. I hurried my steps, and up ahead thousands of people lined the street. When I crossed that finish line, I felt like a winner. A few minutes later, uncle John and I sat with terminal blankets around us. We were still waiting for Dad. I was finally eating a chocolate bar. And it was the best one I had ever tasted.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和父亲参加马拉松比赛，半道上作者饿了，一度想要放弃。在一个年长的人的鼓励下，作者最后还是完成了比赛，终于吃到了巧克力棒。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我的腿疼，一英寸也不想跑了”可知，第一段可描写作者想要放弃的心理活动以及他人的鼓励
②由第二段首句内容“我全速奔跑，人群冲着我大喊大叫”可知，第二段可描写作者完成比赛，吃到了巧克力棒。
2.续写线索：想要放弃——受到鼓励——继续比赛——完成比赛——吃到巧克力棒
3.词汇激活
行为类
放弃：give up /quit
决定：decide to do/be determined to do
最后：finally /at last
想要：feel like/want
情绪类
最好的：best/greatest
【点睛】[高分句型1] When I came out, I dragged my legs towards the finish line. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] With a glow rekindled in my mind, I outran the runners in sight. (运用了with的复合结构)
2022学年第一学期高二期末教学质量调测
英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。第Ⅰ卷1至9页，第Ⅱ卷10页至11页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
第 Ⅰ 卷
注意事项：
1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers do?
A. Get some food. B. Go back home. C. Buy some drinks.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Nora, my mouth is dry. I forgot to bring a can of Coke from home.
W: Me too. I noticed there’s a vending machine at the entrance of the park. What about going there and getting some cans of Coke?
M: Good idea! I’ve never found you’re such a careful person.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can we say about the woman?
A. She’s forgetful. B. She’s talkative. C. She’s hard-working.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Elena, what did you want to say a minute ago? I’m sorry I was too busy on the phone then.
W: Oops, I can’t remember now. This sort of thing often happens to me, which troubles me a lot.
M: If it really affects your life, you’d better take a notebook with you.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When did the man take his suits to the laundry?
A. Monday. B. Friday. C. Saturday.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I won’t have anything to wear to work on Monday. I took all my suits to the dry cleaner’s on Friday.
W: Go and pick them up. The shop closes early on weekends.
M: Oh, yes. I’ll pick them up first thing tomorrow. I’m afraid I’m not available today.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a hotel. B. At a train station. C. At an airport.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me, madam. Would you tell me how to get to Gate 23? My flight will take off in half an hour, but I can’t find a sign.
W: Oh, you should walk upstairs. Gates 15 to 27 are on the second floor.
M: Thank you very much. This terminal is really different from others that I’ve been to.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What was the woman’s brother’s advice?
A. Working from home. B. Learning programming. C. Paying off the loan.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I feel so glad that I followed my brother’s advice to learn programming. Otherwise, I wouldn’t have a chance to work from home and I would have difficulty in repaying the bank loan.
M: I do hope the COVID-19 will come to an end as soon as possible.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A video. B. A piece of music. C. A company.
7. How does the woman feel about Victory?
A. It’s encouraging. B. It’s boring. C. It’s unknown.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Luke, have you ever heard the music Victory made by the company Two Steps from Hell?
M: Of course. It has got so popular that people use it widely in short videos.
W: Yes.
M: To tell you the truth, it’s one of my favorite pieces. When I feel sleepy, I’ll listen to it. It can make me feel refreshed.
W: Me too. I’ve collected dozens of pieces that are similar to Victory. They can help me save about 20 yuan every day.
M: Why do you say so?
W: Well, if I don’t listen to this kind of music, I’ll have to spend that amount of money on coffee each day to keep me energetic.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What has the city of Wenzhou managed to do recently?
A. Attract investment.
B. Become an eco-friendly city.
C. Found a hydro-electric power plant.
9. What does the man suggest doing in the end?
A. Stopping using gas.
B Building wind power plants.
C. Raising awareness about resources.
【答案】8 A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Oliver, you know what? Wenzhou has attracted twelve new energy projects which are worth 125.8 billion yuan in recent years.
M: I’ve noticed it has taken action to become a green city. It has a goal of becoming a leader in the innovative development of the new energy industry. What do the new energy projects include exactly?
W: There’s a carbon neutral headquarters facility for wind power. It aims to generate power in deep waters.
M: Fantastic! We do need to turn to green energy. Non-renewable resources, such as oil, natural gas and coal, are becoming less and less on our earth.
W: Yes. We should not only save energy, but also use alternative energy, like the solar energy and wind energy.
M: You can say that again. But some people haven’t been aware that the resources we commonly use will be used up one day. We should do something. How about making some posters to remind people?
W: Good idea.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Where does Wu Ming come from?
A. China. B. Germany. C. America.
11. Why did Wu Ming decide to study Chinese medicine?
A. To learn Chinese culture.
B. To make up for Western medicine.
C. To follow in his parents’ footsteps.
12. What did Wu Ming find most difficult to get used to?
A. The language. B. The weather. C. The living habit.
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Henry, come and see. I bet you’ll like this story.
M: What’s it about, Charlotte?
W: It’s about a young German learning traditional Chinese medicine.
M: Really? Where is he studying?
W: At Henan University of Chinese Medicine.
M: What’s his name?
W: Wu Ming a Chinese name.
M: Ha-ha. I must say I know that guy. He’s my elder brother.
W: Are you serious? You’ve never mentioned him before. Why does your brother show interest in Chinese medicine?
M: You know, both of my parents are working in the hospital in the U.S. My brother thought some diseases can’t be treated thoroughly with Western medicine alone, so he decided to dig into Chinese medicine.
W: Did he have any difficulty in learning?
M: Yes. At first, he couldn’t stand the weather. It’s different from that in our country. But the biggest was that his teachers, schoolmates, and even some patients speak with the Henan dialect in the daily conversations. But now he can communicate with them easily.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the woman?
A. A cleaner. B. A ticket seller. C. A receptionist.
14. Who booked a room for two nights?
A. Charles James. B. Charles Nielsen. C. Charles Nielsen Jr.
15. Why doesn’t the man think he can find a room tonight?
A. There’s no room available.
B. The computer system doesn’t work.
C. All hotels only accept online bookings.
16. What does the man do at the end of the conversation?
A. Stay for two nights.
B. Take the double room.
C. Get a discount this time.
【答案】13. C 14. C 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning, sir. How may I help you?
M: Yes. I’m checking in. My name is Charles Nielsen.
W: Okay, let me have a look. Oh, here it is. You’ve booked a single room for two nights, right?
M: Oh, I booked a room online only for tonight.
W: Hmm … I’d better have a look at the computer. Ah, the room for two nights was booked under the name of Charles Nielsen Jr. And a room for one night under Charles James. I’m sorry. But I can’t find your booking, Mr. Nielsen.
M: There must be something wrong. Please have a check again.
W: Okay. Sir, I’m still sorry.
M: Then do you have any rooms available tonight?
W: I’m afraid not. Since there’s a concert at the nearby stadium tonight, all the rooms have already been booked.
M: Well, I bet the other hotels in town have no rooms available either.
W: Please wait a while. Sir, you are such a lucky guy. A man canceled his booking a minute ago. Now, a double room is available. Would you like to take it?
M: Can I get some discounts?
W: I’m sorry. We don’t offer any discounts today. But I promise you’ll get a 25% discount next time.
M: Okay, here is my ID card.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Giving a lesson. B. Making a speech. C. Hosting a music program.
18. How old was Beethoven when he published his first work?
A. 30 years old. B. 21 years old. C. 13 years old.
19. When did the music piece Symphony No. 5 come out?
A. In 1804. B. In 1808. C. In 1814.
20. What is Fidelio?
A. A band. B. A book. C. A musical play.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】Good morning, everyone! Last Friday, we talked about Mozart and Franz Schubert. In today’s class, we’ll learn about the great German musician Beethoven.
Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770. He was initially taught by his father and later by the composer and conductor Christian Gottlob Neefe. And under Christian’s guidance, he published his first work, a set of piano variations in 1783. At the age of 21, Beethoven moved to Vienna, which later laid the groundwork for his career. He then gained a reputation as a skilled pianist.
His first major orchestral work, Symphony No. 1, was first played in public in 1800. Unluckily, he was gradually losing his hearing. Beethoven had to use notebooks to carry out conversations. But he continued to conduct and finished his Symphony No. 3 and Symphony No. 5 in 1804 and 1808, respectively.
He was almost completely deaf by 1814, and then he gave up performing and appearing in public. Although Beethoven was less socially involved, he composed many of his most admired works. His only opera, Fidelio, first performed in 1805, was revised to its final version in 1814. After a long illness, he died in 1827. Beethoven’s works count a lot in classical music now.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Hong Kong has among the world’s finest dining for various styles of food. Below are four most well-received restaurants among tourists.
Lung King Heen
It is one of only two Cantonese restaurants in the city that are rated 3 stars. The service, food and dining atmosphere is among the best in the world. You might reserve a Victoria Harborview that affords a seat at 8 pm for the Symphony of Lights.
Price per person: 1,200 to 2,000 HKD
Lunch: Monday to Friday noon to 2:30 p.m., Saturday, Sunday, public holiday 11:30 a.m. — 2:30 p.m.
Dinner: 6 p.m. — 10 p.m.
Address: 4/F Four Seasons, 8 Finance Street
Bo Innovation
Bo Innovation is surprising because the food isn’t traditional Chinese, but it is rated 3-Michelin stars highly for the creativity as well as for the delicious, sometimes novel flavors.
Price per person: above 800 HKD
Hours: Mon — Thu noon — 3 p.m., 6:30 p.m. — midnight; Fri noon — 3 p.m., 6 p.m. — midnight; Sat 6 p.m. — midnight, Sun closed
Address: Shop 8, 1/F, The Podium, J Residence, 60 Johnston Road, Wan Chai
Harvest Restaurant
Harvest Restaurant has a public beachfront all to itself at the region’s newest theme park called Noah’s Ark. It is a special treat for children and tourists. You’ll find an excellent selection of good quality food, excellent buffet, good views, and a relatively low dinner price.
Average price per person: Monday to Thursday HKD 380 and Friday to Sunday HKD 430. v
Hours: 8:00 a.m. — 9:30 p.m.
Address: 33 Pak Yan Road, Ma Wan Island
Caprice French Restaurant
Caprice stands out for an excellent window-side view, elegant setting, and the best quality food, where tourists can appreciate the charming scenery of Victoria Harbor.
Average price per person: HKD 823
Hours: 12 p.m. — 2:30 p.m. (for lunch) and 6 p.m. — 10:30 p.m. (for dinner, and closing time for last order)
Address: Floor 6, Four Seasons Hotel, 8 Financial Street
21. In which restaurants can tourists admire the view of Victoria Harbor?
A. Bo Innovation and Harvest Restaurant.
B. Lung King Heen and Harvest Restaurant.
C. Lung King Heen and Caprice French Restaurant.
D. Caprice French Restaurant and Harvest Restaurant.
22 What do the four restaurants have in common?
A. They all open on Saturdays. B. They all have received 3 stars.
C. They are located in the same streets. D. They all charge above 400 HKD per person.
23. Where is the passage probably from?
A. An encyclopedia. B. A travel brochure. C. A research report. D. A health website.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍香港四家最受欢迎的餐厅的情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lung King Heen部分中“You might reserve a Victoria Harbor view that affords a seat at 8 pm for the Symphony of Lights.(你可以预定一个能看到维多利亚港的座位，晚上8点看《幻彩咏香江》)”以及Caprice French Restaurant部分中“Caprice stands out for an excellent window-side view, elegant setting, and the best quality food, where tourists can appreciate the charming scenery of Victoria Harbor.(在这里，游客可以欣赏到维多利亚港迷人的景色，风景优美，环境优雅，食物最优质)”可知，游客可以在Lung King Heen和Caprice French Restaurant欣赏维多利亚港的景色。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部分“Lunch: Monday to Friday noon to 2:30 p.m., Saturday, Sunday, public holiday 11:30 a.m. — 2:30 p.m.(午餐：星期一至五中午至下午二时三十分，星期六、日及公众假期上午11:30至下午二时三十分)”；第二部分“Hours: Mon — Thu noon — 3 p.m., 6:30 p.m. — midnight; Fri noon — 3 p.m., 6 p.m. — midnight; Sat 6 p.m. — midnight, Sun closed(营业时间：星期一至四中午至下午3时，下午6时30分至午夜；星期五中午到下午3点，下午6点到午夜；星期六下午6点到午夜，日出关门)”；第三部分“Hours: 8:00 a.m. — 9:30 p.m.(工作时间：上午8时至晚上9时30分)”以及最后一部分“Hours: 12 p.m. — 2:30 p.m. (for lunch) and 6 p.m. — 10:30 p.m. (for dinner, and closing time for last order)(营业时间：下午12点至下午2:30（午餐），下午6点至晚上10:30（晚餐，最后点餐结束时间）)”可知，这四家餐厅的共同之处是都在星期六开门。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Hong Kong has among the world’s finest dining for various styles of food. Below are four most well-received restaurants among tourists.(香港拥有世界上最好的餐厅，各种风格的食物。以下是四家最受游客欢迎的餐厅)”可知，文章主要介绍香港四家最受欢迎的餐厅的情况。由此推知，文章可能选自一本旅行册。故选B。
B
As the Chinese saying goes, a seed can change the world; a variety can benefit a nation. Zhang Daorong, who has spent the last 26 years cultivating 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security efforts, has done both.
After graduating from the Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University in Daqing, Heilongjiang province, in 1996, Zhang has been working as a researcher at the Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei province. Though the working conditions and incomes she received at that moment were not satisfying, she ploughed on and devoted herself to the research of wheat varieties.
Agricultural research work was hard and complicated. First she led her colleagues to suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose. Then, the team tried a hybrid combination. After several generations of trial and selection, and when characteristics remained steady, they began a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification. After several more rounds of tests, an application for evaluation and approval was made to provincial or national authorities for market production.
The wheat varieties developed by Zhang and her colleagues have been grown on 2 million hectares of farmland and have generated net profits of over 100 million yuan. One of them produces large seed heads and is highly resistant to stripe rust; another is highly resistant to pre-harvest sprouting, which results in a decrease of the grain yield.
Today, the 50-year-old, known as the “mother of wheat”, still works on the land. She considers it her responsibility to work hard and contribute to food safety, especially when the domestic and global economy still face headwinds from the COVID-19 pandemic. “Agricultural research work is hard and complicated. All we can do is think more, discuss more, ask more questions and find answers on the land.” she said.
24. What can we learn about Zhang Daorong?
A. Her work is important and demanding.
B. She got highly paid when she worked in Hubei.
C. She retired after being titled “mother of wheat”.
D. Her wheat varieties have high production but low disease resistance.
25. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. What difficulty Zhang met in the research.
B. How Zhang and her team did agricultural research.
C. What contributions Zhang made to Chinese agriculture.
D. Why Zhang and her team developed a hybrid wheat type.
26. Which of the following can best describe Zhang Daorong?
A. Generous and caring. B. Determined and honest.
C. Responsible and devoted. D. Modest and knowledgeable.
27. What’s the writing purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce a great scientist.
B. To advertise some high-profit wheat varieties.
C. To state the importance of agricultural research .
D. To encourage young people to work on agriculture.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家张道荣的个人经历、工作特点以及取得的成就。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Agricultural research work was hard and complicated.(农业研究工作既艰苦又复杂)”以及最后一段“She considers it her responsibility to work hard and contribute to food safety, especially when the domestic and global economy still face headwinds from the COVID-19 pandemic.(她认为自己有责任努力工作，为食品安全做出贡献，尤其是在国内和全球经济仍面临新冠疫情的不利影响的情况下)”可知，张道荣的工作很重要，要求也很高。故选A。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Agricultural research work was hard and complicated. First she led her colleagues to suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose. Then, the team tried a hybrid combination. After several generations of trial and selection, and when characteristics remained steady, they began a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification. After several more rounds of tests, an application for evaluation and approval was made to provincial or national authorities for market production.(农业研究工作既艰苦又复杂。首先，她带领她的同事找到了适合特定培养目的的亲本型。然后，该团队尝试了一种混合组合。经过几代的试验和选择，当特征保持稳定时，他们开始了为期两年的产量测试和疾病鉴定过程。经过几轮测试后，向省级或国家主管部门提出了评估和批准的申请，以便投入市场生产)”可知，第三段的主要内容是张道荣和她的团队是如何进行农业研究的。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Zhang Daorong, who has spent the last 26 years cultivating 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security efforts, has done both.(张道荣在过去的26年里培育了13种小麦新品种，为国家粮食安全做出了贡献)”，第二段“Though the working conditions and incomes she received at that moment were not satisfying, she ploughed on and devoted herself to the research of wheat varieties.(虽然当时的工作条件和收入并不令人满意，但她坚持不懈，致力于小麦品种的研究)”以及最后一段“She considers it her responsibility to work hard and contribute to food safety, especially when the domestic and global economy still face headwinds from the COVID-19 pandemic.(她认为自己有责任努力工作，为食品安全做出贡献，尤其是在国内和全球经济仍面临新冠疫情的不利影响的情况下)”可推知，张道荣有责任心和奉献精神。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Zhang Daorong, who has spent the last 26 years cultivating 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security efforts, has done both.(张道荣在过去的26年里培育了13种小麦新品种，为国家粮食安全做出了贡献)”结合文章主要介绍了科学家张道荣的个人经历、工作特点以及取得的成就。可推知，文章的写作目的是介绍一位伟大的科学家。故选A。
C
Often when I mention I have a Ph.D. in physics and astronomy, the response I get from people is “Oh, you must be so smart!” In general, people tend to associate science with “braininess”. It is usually the way society sees scientists versus non-scientists.
Science writer Kat Arney explored this issue in a column for the Royal Society of Chemistry. As she points out, this seemingly unbreakable association between braininess and science influences children’s views of their future. Those who do not see themselves as being among the cleverest in class will automatically discount the idea of a career in a scientific area, even if they find science interesting and do well in the subject.
This stereotype (刻板印象) affects young girls. School-aged girls slightly outperform boys in math and science. However, men take up a bigger amount of positions at science, from undergraduate science majors to administrative positions with the power to hire and promote. In other words, the message of braininess matching scientific skills is applied more heavily to men than to women.
The problem is far worse when the message is used to generalize about groups, especially race. When combined with the cultural belief that only the “brainy” are worthy of scientific training, it becomes a self-reinforcing (自我强化的) cycle. You will hear that African-American under-representation in science is because they are not “smart” enough. In fact, black-majority schools are often underfunded. They lack teachers, supplies and other necessities for STEM preparation. To make matters worse, their students are faced with daily challenges to their intelligence for those who do earn STEM degrees.
The truth is, none of us are born scientists. We often say, “children are natural scientists.” What we really mean is that they are naturally curious and willing to experiment in ways adults are generally trained out of. They have to be taught to channel that curiosity into productive pathways. And we have to do a lot better at not reinforcing the message that scientists are smarter than non-scientist and that only the geniuses can do science.
28. What is a commonly held belief of scientists according to the author?
A. Children are true scientists.
B. Men are better scientists than women.
C. Scientists are smarter than non-scientists.
D. African-Americans are least likely to be scientists.
29. How does the stereotype affect young girls?
A. School girls can’t perform well in science and maths.
B. Young girls are willing to choose a career in a scientific area.
C. Young girls take up a smaller number of positions at science.
D School girls see themselves as not being among the cleverest in class.
30. Apart from the stereotype, what may prevent African-Americans from pursuing science?
A. Their low intelligence. B. The self-reinforcing cycle.
C. The majority of black students in their schools. D. A lack of school resources for STEM teaching.
31. What’s the author’s attitude towards the stereotype?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Ambiguous.
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了“科学家比非科学家更聪明”的刻板印象及其影响。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In general, people tend to associate science with ‘braininess’. It is usually the way society sees scientists versus non-scientists.(一般来说，人们倾向于把科学与‘聪明’联系在一起。这通常是社会看待科学家与非科学家的方式)”可知，人们对科学家的刻板印象是认为科学家比非科学家更聪明，故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“School-aged girls slightly outperform boys in math and science. However, men take up a bigger amount of positions at science, from undergraduate science majors to administrative positions with the power to hire and promote.(学龄女孩在数学和科学方面的表现略优于男孩。然而，男性在科学领域占据了更多的职位，从本科科学专业到拥有招聘和晋升权力的行政职位)”可知，刻板印象对年轻女孩的影响是她们在科学领域占据更少的职位。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“They lack teachers, supplies and other necessities for STEM preparation.(他们缺乏教师、物资和其他为STEM准备的必需品)”可知，缺乏STEM教学的学校资源也是阻碍非裔美国人追求科学的一个因素，故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And we have to do a lot better at not reinforcing the message that scientists are smarter than non-scientist and that only the geniuses can do science.(我们必须做更多，不要强化科学家比非科学家更聪明，只有天才才能做科学这样的信息)”可知，作者提出不要强化科学家比非科学家更聪明这种刻板印象，故他对此持否定的态度。故选B。
D
The original Blade Runner film took place in an imagined Los Angeles of 2019, a futuristic city where skies were crowded with “skimmers”: flying cars that zipped along aerial highways. Since the film’s 1982 debut(首映), technology has advanced in ways that Hollywood might never have predicted.
Flying cars may seem futuristic — but from commercial jetpacks to personal air taxis, they are already here. Here’s how they could transform the way we commute, work and live.
While these aircraft may not look exactly like Blade Runner’s imaginings, they are not that far off. Far smaller than a commercial plane, most are designed with rotors (螺旋桨) instead of wings, which allow for vertical takeoffs and landings. Most importantly, these vehicles are designed to offer faster commutes than traditional modes of transit for individuals, especially in traffic-clogged cities.
At the moment, the autonomous urban aircraft market is still a bit of a Wild West. Dozens of start-up companies are competing to develop commercial jetpacks, flying motorbikes and personal air taxis. Meanwhile, aviation authorities are currently hashing out the policies and safety standards that will govern this new field of transport.
Volocopter, for instance, has marketed its VoloCity craft as the first commercially licensed electrically powered air taxi, a vehicle which will eventually be able to run without a pilot. “It’s like an Uber Black,” says Fabien Nestmann, vice president of public affairs at Volocopter. Initially, the VoloCity will only have room for a single passenger. That will mean a higher cost per ride at first. But eventually, the company’s goal is to make the cost competitive with, say, an Uber Black. “We don’t want this to be a toy for the wealthy, but rather part of a well-integrated journey for anyone in an urban area,” he says.
Increasing numbers of flying cars will naturally give rise to a changing layout in the way our cities are structured as cities grow taller, rooftop landings expand and air highways connect super sky-scrapers, freeing up space below. Fewer cars on the ground will reduce traffic jam and may give rise to parks and green spaces.
32. Why does the author mention Blade Runner film in paragraph 1?
A. To show an example. B. To lead to the topic.
C. To express his doubts. D. To give background information.
33. Which has the closest meaning to the underlined part “a Wild West” in paragraph 4?
A. Promising B. Stable C. Immature D. Overdeveloped
34. What effect will flying cars probably bring to the city?
A. More green spaces. B. Severe traffic jams.
C. Advanced sky-scrapers. D. Expanded air highways.
35. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Blade Runner’s Imaginings Come True B. The Number of Flying Cars Are Increasing
C. The Flying Car Is Here to Change the World D. Autonomous Urban Aircraft Market Is Booming
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了飞行汽车可能对人们的生活产生的改变和带来的影响。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The original Blade Runner film took place in an imagined Los Angeles of 2019, a futuristic city where skies were crowded with “skimmers”: flying cars that zipped along aerial highways. Since the film’s 1982 debut (首映), technology has advanced in ways that Hollywood might never have predicted.(最初的《银翼杀手》电影发生在2019年的洛杉矶，这是一个未来主义的城市，天空中挤满了“漂浮器”：在空中高速公路上飞驰的飞行汽车。自1982年这部电影上映以来，科技的进步可能是好莱坞从未预料到的)”可推知，作者在第一段提到了《银翼杀手》这部电影是为了引入主题——飞行汽车。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Dozens of start-up companies are competing to develop commercial jetpacks, flying motorbikes and personal air taxis. Meanwhile, aviation authorities are currently hashing out the policies and safety standards that will govern this new field of transport.(数十家初创公司正在竞相开发商用喷气背包、飞行摩托车和个人空中出租车。与此同时，航空当局目前正在制定政策和安全标准，以管理这一新的运输领域)”可知，后文提到初创公司正在开发，相关规定正在制定，说明自动驾驶城市飞机市场还不成熟。故画线词意思是“不成熟的”。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Fewer cars on the ground will reduce traffic jam and may give rise to parks and green spaces.(地面上更少的汽车将减少交通堵塞，并可能增加公园和绿地)”可知，飞行汽车可能会给城市带来更多绿地。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Flying cars may seem futuristic — but from commercial jetpacks to personal air taxis, they are already here. Here’s how they could transform the way we commute, work and live.(飞行汽车可能看起来很未来，但从商用喷气背包到个人空中出租车，它们已经出现了。以下是它们如何改变我们通勤、工作和生活的方式)”结合文章主要说明了飞行汽车可能对人们的生活产生的改变和带来的影响。可知，C选项“飞行汽车将改变世界”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading a dog’s body language requires experience and expert guidance. Zazie Todd, a dog trainer and founder of the blog Companion Animal Psychology, thinks about how to understand dogs’ behaviour.
____36____
They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know their behavior is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College who researches dogs’ cognition(认知), points out the “guilty” look is linked to being scolded by the owner.
If your dog licks their mouth
They’re stressed. Recently, two European studies have highlighted the meaning of this licking. One found that it was a dog’s response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen.____37____ If you spot this sign, try reducing your dog’s stress levels. It could be as simple as giving them more physical space.
If there are fireworks and your dog is shaking
____38____This is a common reaction, but a surprising number of people don’t realize that shaking and trembling are signs of fear. Whereas only a quarter of owners say their dog is afraid of loud noises, half report these behavioral signs.
If you are at the vet and your dog’s tail is down
They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling.____39____ Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun.
If your dog leans into you during a petting time
They like it! If you’re unsure that a dog is enjoying being petted, stop, then watch their reaction. If they choose to wander off, the petting time is over. Other signs of discomfort include sniffing the floor, looking away and breathing heavily. However, if they lean on you or paw at you to get more hugs, continue!____40____
A. This behavior means they like it.
B. They are frightened by the noises.
C. If your dog gets stressed at appointments, ask what can be done.
D. If your dog looks guilty when you walk in the door and see a mess.
E. Start to pet them and remain nearby so that your dog would be comforted.
F. The other determined that dogs lick their mouths in response to a mild threat.
G. Preferred parts on their bodies are to either side of the chest and under the chin.
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. B 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就狗的一些常见肢体语言进行解释说明。
【36题详解】
根据本段内容“They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know their behavior is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College who researches dogs’ cognition(认知), points out the “guilty” look is linked to being scolded by the owner.(他们知道会有惩罚，但不一定知道自己的行为是错误的。巴纳德学院研究狗的认知的教授Alexandra Horowitz指出，“内疚”的表情与被主人责骂有关)”可知，本段主要是关于狗看起来内疚的情况，D选项中guilty对应后文guilty。故D选项“当你走进门看到乱七八糟的东西时，如果你的狗看起来很内疚”符合语境，故选D。
【37题详解】
根据标题“If your dog licks their mouth(如果你的狗舔他们的嘴)”以及前文“One found that it was a dog’s response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen.(其中一项研究发现，这是狗在电脑屏幕上看到愤怒或咄咄逼人的人脸时的反应)”可知，本段主要是关于狗舔嘴的解释，F选项lick their mouths对应标题lick their mouths。故F选项“另一项研究认为，狗舔嘴是对轻微威胁的反应”符合语境，故选F。
【38题详解】
根据后文“This is a common reaction, but a surprising number of people don’t realize that shaking and trembling are signs of fear. Whereas only a quarter of owners say their dog is afraid of loud noises, half report these behavioral signs.(这是一种常见的反应，但令人惊讶的是，很多人没有意识到震动和颤抖是恐惧的迹象。虽然只有四分之一的主人说他们的狗害怕大的噪音，但有一半的人报告了这些行为迹象)”可知，本段主要说明了狗害怕大的噪音，B选项noises对应后文loud noises。故B选项“它们害怕噪音”符合语境，故选B。
【39题详解】
根据上文“They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling.(他们焦虑。狗不开心的明显迹象包括躲起来或试图离开检查室，但通常错过的触发因素包括夹起尾巴、垂下耳朵、颤抖)”以及后文“Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun.(许多兽医现在用食物来增加体验的乐趣)”可知，后文提到了减轻狗压力的办法，可知本句主要是针对感到压力应该怎么办进行提问。故C选项“如果你的狗在检查时感到压力，问问能做些什么”符合语境，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据上文“However, if they lean on you or paw at you to get more hugs, continue!(然而，如果它们靠在你身上或用爪子抓你来得到更多的拥抱，继续！)”可知，上文提到了继续抚摸自己的宠物，本句为本段最后一句，G选项“它们喜欢的（被抚摸的）身体部位是胸部两侧和下巴下面”符合语境，就抚摸的部位进行进一步说明。故选G。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共 15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Massimo Bottura opened a restaurant in Italy in 1995 which is a two-time winner of the world’s best. Today, his cooking empire ____41____ from Dubai to Los Angeles. And he is one of the stars of a popular Netflix series. However, out of all those ____42____, Italy’s most celebrated chef says that the peak is Refettorio Ambrosianos.
At Refettorio Ambrosianos, dinner guests are greeted by name and dine on fine china at tables. The menu changes daily,____43____what comes in with the morning’s delivery. The delivery may____44____ dry vegetables, meat close to sell-by date and too-ugly-to-sold fruits. By dinner, however, the supermarket wastes have been ____45____into delicious meals. About 100 diners—refugees, the homeless, and the unemployed—enjoy the meal with obvious____46____, laughing with the volunteer waiters, praising the volunteer chefs, and forgetting, at least for an hour, the____47____ of a life on the streets.
____48____, Bottura’s Refettorios are not restaurants, they are soup kitchens. But unlike ____49____ soup kitchens, the guests do not have to wait in a line to receive food. As Bottura says, the experience can make his guests _____50_____ confidence, forget the hardships and feel_____51_____.
Chefs at Refettorio cook free meals with_____52_____ from local shops. So Refettorio Ambrosianos are _____53_____ as places to focus attention on the growing global food waste problem. “Refettorio Ambrosiano is a movement hoping to _____54_____food waste crisis,” says Bottura, “I never thought leftover foods were a waste. An old carrot, a hard piece of bread, brown bananas…they are just opportunities for us to create something_____55_____.”
41. A. extracts B. expands C. exposes D. estimates
42. A. consequences B. fantasies C. achievements D. entertainments
43. A. depending on B. insisting on C. switching on D. calling on
44. A. comprise B. link C. trace D. consume
45. A. obtained B. displayed C. transformed D. interpreted
46. A. quantity B. suspect C. ambition D. pleasure
47. A. challenges B. expectations C. boundaries D. conflicts
48. A. Ultimately B. Actually C. Barely D. Merely
49. A. contradictory B. abstract C. complex D. traditional
50. A. reveal B. recall C. regain D. react
51. A. occupied B. tricked C. comforted D. committed
52. A. leftovers B. grains C. desserts D. recipes
53. A. clarified B. acknowledged C. qualified D. protected
54. A. defend B. blame C. strengthen D. defeat
55. A. vivid B. remarkable C. amusing D. optimistic
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Refettorio Ambrosianos利用商店、超市等地方的剩余物为无家可归者做出美味，让他的客人重新获得信心，忘记困难。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，他的烹饪帝国从迪拜扩展到了洛杉矶。A. extracts提取；B. expands扩展；C. exposes暴露；D. estimates估计。根据下文“from Dubai to Los Angeles(从迪拜到洛杉矶)”可知，空白处应填表示“扩展”含义的动词，故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，意大利最著名的厨师说，在所有这些成就中，最高成就是Refettorio Ambrosianos。A. consequences结果；B. fantasies幻想；C. achievements成就；D. entertainments娱乐。根据下文“the peak(最高成就)”可知上文说的是在所有的成就中，故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：菜单每天都会变化，这取决于早上送来的东西。A. depending on取决于；B. insisting on坚持；C. switching on转换；D. calling on号召。根据下文“what comes in with the morning’s delivery(早上送来的东西)”可知，早上送来的东西决定了菜单每天的变化，空白处应填表示“取决于……”含义的动词短语，故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词意辨析。句意：送来的东西可能包括干蔬菜、接近保质期的肉类和难看到无法出售的水果。A. comprise包括；B. link联系；C. trace跟踪；D. consume消耗。根据上文“The delivery(送来的东西)”以及下文“dry vegetables, meat close to sell-by date and too-ugly-to-sold fruits(干蔬菜、接近保质期的肉类和难看到无法出售的水果)”可知下文是上文的组成部分，空白处应填表示“包括”含义的动词，故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到了晚饭时，超市里的垃圾已经变成了美味的饭菜。A. obtained获得；B. displayed陈列；C. transformed转变；D. interpreted口译。根据上文“the supermarket wastes(超市里的垃圾)”以及下文“delicious meals.( 美味的饭菜)”可知上下文中间应填表示“转变”含义的动词，故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约100名食客，大多是难民、无家可归者和失业者，享受着这顿饭的乐趣，与志愿服务员一起大笑，赞扬志愿厨师，至少在一个小时内忘记了街头生活的挑战。A. quantity质量；B. suspect怀疑；C. ambition野心；D. pleasure快乐。根据上文“enjoy the meal(享受这顿饭)”可知空白处应填表示“乐趣”含义的名词，故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. challenges挑战；困难；B. expectations期待；C. boundaries分界线；D. conflicts冲突。根据下文“life on the streets(大街上的生活)”可知，此处上下文说的是暂时忘记大街上的艰难生活，故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Bottura的Refettorios不是餐馆，它们是他们是施粥所。A. Ultimately最后地；B. Actually事实上；C. Barely勉强；D. Merely仅仅。根据下文“Bottura’s Refettorios are not restaurants, they are soup kitchens(Bottura的Refettorios不是餐馆，它们是汤房)”可知，此处陈述了一个事实，空白处应填表示“实际上”含义的副词，故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但与传统的施粥所不同，客人不必排队领取食物。A. contradictory矛盾的；B. abstract抽象的；C. complex复杂的；D. traditional传统的。根据下文“the guests do not have to wait in a line to receive food(客人不必排队领取食物)”可知此处在与之前的施粥所进行比较，空白处应填“传统的”含义的形容词，故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如博图拉所说，这种体验可以让他的客人重新获得信心，忘记困难，感到安慰。A. reveal揭露；B. recall回想；C. regain重新获得；D. react反应。根据下文“confidence(自信)”可知，来店里的客人大多是没有自信的无家可归者，这种体验可以让他们重新获得自信，故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. occupied占用的；B. tricked被骗的；C. comforted被安慰的；D. committed忠诚的。根据上文“the experience can make his guests regain confidence, forget the hardships(这种体验可以让他的客人重新获得信心，忘记困难)”可推理出，这种体验能给这些无家可归者一种被安慰的感觉，故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Refettorio餐厅的厨师用当地商店的剩菜烹制免费餐点。A. leftovers剩饭；剩余物；B. grains谷物；C. desserts甜点；D. recipes食谱。根据下文“from local shops(从当地商店)”以及“I never thought leftover foods were a waste(我从没想过吃剩的食物是垃圾)”可知，空白处应填表示“剩余物”含义的名词，故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，Refettorio Ambrosianos被认为是关注日益严重的全球食物浪费问题的地方。A. clarified澄清；B. acknowledged承认；认为；C. qualified使具有资格；D. protected保护。be acknowledged as为固定短语，含义为：被认为是……，根据下文“places to focus attention on the growing global food waste problem(关注日益严重的全球食物浪费问题的地方)”可知，Refettorio Ambrosianos被认为是关注日益严重的全球食物浪费问题的地方，故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Refettorio Ambrosiano是一个希望战胜食物浪费危机的运动。A. defend防御；B. blame责怪；C. strengthen加强；D. defeat战胜。根据上文“movement(运动)”以及下文“food waste crisis(食物浪费危机)”，分析待选项，“defeat(战胜)”表达的含义符合语境，故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一根老胡萝卜、一块硬面包、棕色香蕉……它们正好是我们创造非凡事物的机会。A. vivid生动的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. amusing有趣的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据上文“Refettorio Ambrosiano is a movement hoping to defeat food waste crisis(Refettorio Ambrosiano是一个希望战胜食物浪费危机的运动)”可知，此处上下文说的是Refettorio Ambrosiano利用商店剩余物，希望战胜食物浪费危机，这是一件非凡的事，故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第二节(10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kids want to have adventures in parks, with features like flying foxes, trees for climbing, and swings on their wish lists, new research has found. Teens ____56____ (prefer) places to hang out with friends like sports courts, while older adults enjoyed more peaceful ____57____ (surround) with walking paths, and shady trees.
Associate Professor Jenny found that while children, teens and older adults all looked for different features in parks, well-designed urban spaces appealed ____58____all age groups. “COVID-19 reminds us of the critical role parks play in our community,” she said. “For many people during lockdown, visiting____59____ nearby park has been one of the highlights of the day. They are a free space ____60____ is easy to access and can have numerous benefits on health and well-being.”
A previous park refurbishment study showed it cost 58 cents____61____(entire) to gain an additional hour of exercise per person,” Veitch said. “So far, a lot of money____62____ (raise) by many councils to spend on parks.____63____ the problem is that the money must be the right expense to achieve the attractive parks wanted by the public. Otherwise, we are wasting____64____ (value) space and funds.”
Veitch said that _____65_____ (create) active environments that promote physical activity was a global priority, given that the international trend in crowded urban living and rising obesity levels.
【答案】56. preferred
57. surroundings
58. to 59. a
60. which##that
61. entirely
62. has been raised
63. But 64. valuable
65. creating
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了专家发现，虽然儿童、青少年和老年人都在公园里寻找不同的特色，但精心设计的城市空间对所有年龄段的人都有吸引力。
【56题详解】
考查时态。句意：青少年喜欢和朋友一起出去玩的地方，比如运动场，而老年人喜欢更安静的环境，有人行道和树荫。根据后文并列句谓语enjoyed可知，谓语动词prefer为一般过去时。故填preferred。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：青少年喜欢和朋友一起出去玩的地方，比如运动场，而老年人喜欢更安静的环境，有人行道和树荫。作宾语，表示“环境”应用名词surroundings。故填surroundings。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：珍妮副教授发现，虽然儿童、青少年和老年人都在公园里寻找不同的特色，但精心设计的城市空间对所有年龄段的人都有吸引力。短语appeal to表示“吸引……”。故填to。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：对封锁期间的许多人来说，参观附近的公园是一天中最重要的事情之一。park为可数名词，此处为泛指且nearby是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：它们是一个自由的空间，很容易进入，对健康和福祉有很多好处。限制性定语从句修饰先行词space，先行词指物，关系词在从句作主语，故用which或that引导。故填which/that。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：之前的一项公园翻新研究表明，每人额外增加一小时的运动时间总共花费58美分。修饰动词cost应用副词entirely，作状语。故填entirely。
【62题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，许多地方议会已经筹集了大量资金用于公园建设。主语a lot of money与谓语动词raise构成被动关系，根据so far可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语不可数，助动词用has。故填has been raised。
【63题详解】
考查连词。句意：但问题是，这笔钱必须是正确的支出，以实现公众想要的有吸引力的公园。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but，句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：否则，我们就是在浪费宝贵的空间和资金。修饰名词space and funds应用形容词valuable，作定语。故填valuable。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：维奇说，鉴于城市生活拥挤和肥胖水平上升的国际趋势，创造促进体育锻炼的活跃环境是全球的当务之急。作从句的主语，应用动名词形式。故填creating。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假如你是李华，上周你校举办了“Science Lights Up the Future”为主题的科技创新大赛(the Science and Technology Innovation Contest)。请你为校报写一篇英文报道，内容包括：
1. 比赛目的；
2. 比赛内容；
3. 活动感想。
注意：
1. 词数80词左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Science Lights Up the Future
Last week witnessed the Science and Technology Innovation Contest of our school with the theme of “Science Lights Up the Future”.
To enrich students’ knowledge of modern science and technology as well as inspire us with scientific innovation in this “smarter” world, our school held a variety of exhibitions and lectures, which were both informative and inspiring. There were many hand-on scientific designs and inventions as well, among which the most popular ones were rockets and 3D printing.
The contest was proved hugely rewarding, broadening our horizons, promoting our creativity and cultivating our innovation.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇英文报道，要求考生以李华的身份对上周你校举办了“Science Lights Up the Future”为主题的科技创新大赛(the Science and Technology Innovation Contest)进行报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举行：hold→ stage
许多：many → plenty of
流行的：popular →widespread
证明是：be proved to be→ turn out to be
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The contest was proved hugely rewarding, broadening our horizons, promoting our creativity and cultivating our innovation.
拓展句：The contest was so rewarding that it can broaden our horizons, promoteour creativity and cultivate our innovation.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To enrich students’ knowledge of modern science and technology as well as inspire us with scientific innovation in this “smarter” world, our school held a variety of exhibitions and lectures, which were both informative and inspiring.(运用了动词不定式作目的状语，which引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】There were many hand-on scientific designs and inventions as well, among which the most popular ones were rockets and 3D printing.（运用了“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Dad, are you sure there will be a bar of chocolate?” I asked, lining up with Dad and Uncle John near the back of many runners in Los Angeles. My first marathon. It was pouring rain, my legs were cold, and I was wishing I hadn’t been too nervous to eat a bigger breakfast.
“There were tables of chocolate bars every mile at my last marathon,” Dad said.
Suddenly everyone around us started moving. Way up ahead I saw smoke from the cannon (手枪). Our marathon started.
“You go on ahead,” Dad said, panting. “I’ll see you at the end.”
Uncle John and I zigzagged through the runners. Soon Dad was way behind. We reached mile 5, but I still hadn’t seen a chocolate bar anywhere. Instead, the streets were lined with fast-food places. I smelled the food as I ran — doughnuts, hamburgers, fries.
By mile 8, I was starving. How I wished I’d eaten six pieces of toast, eggs, bacon, ... It was raining so hard. My hands stung from the cold.
On the balconies people yelled and waved to us. At mile 10, I took a power gel (能量胶) out of my pocket and tried to open it, but my hands were so cold as if they had been frozen into fists. When I rounded the corner, I saw my aunt and my little brother cheering for us. I wanted to stop and talk, but I couldn’t get out of the flow of runners. The road ahead was yellow. Thousands of banana skins everywhere. Food at last! I grabbed a banana and wolfed it down.
Mile 15. I looked down at my feet and watched them run across the stars. There were tables full of power gels. I took one and tore it open. My hands had come unfrozen. I squeezed the packet and filled my mouth with sweet stuff. Chocolate would taste better.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
My legs ached and I didn’t want to run another inch.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I was running at full speed, and the crowd was yelling just for me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
My legs ached and I didn’t want to run another inch. The thought of giving up and having a bath mounted inside me. Finally hunger coupled with the fierce rain succeeded in persuading me! I told Uncle John to go on ahead and walked into the bathroom. When I came out, I dragged my legs towards the finish line. Along the way, older people ran past me, and yelled, “Don’t give up.” which, hardened my heart. I couldn’t help thinking, if they could do it, so could I. After a struggle in my heart, I decided to speed up.
Paragraph 2:
I was running at full speed, and the crowd was yelling just for me. With a glow rekindled in my mind, I outran the runners in sight. Mile 25. Soaked with sweat, I was on the last long stretch and I could hear the crowd at the finish line. I hurried my steps, and up ahead thousands of people lined the street. When I crossed that finish line, I felt like a winner. A few minutes later, uncle John and I sat with terminal blankets around us. We were still waiting for Dad. I was finally eating a chocolate bar. And it was the best one I had ever tasted.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和父亲参加马拉松比赛，半道上作者饿了，一度想要放弃。在一个年长的人的鼓励下，作者最后还是完成了比赛，终于吃到了巧克力棒。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我的腿疼，一英寸也不想跑了”可知，第一段可描写作者想要放弃的心理活动以及他人的鼓励
②由第二段首句内容“我全速奔跑，人群冲着我大喊大叫”可知，第二段可描写作者完成比赛，吃到了巧克力棒。
2.续写线索：想要放弃——受到鼓励——继续比赛——完成比赛——吃到巧克力棒
3.词汇激活
行为类
放弃：give up /quit
决定：decide to do/be determined to do
最后：finally /at last
想要：feel like/want
情绪类
最好的：best/greatest
【点睛】[高分句型1] When I came out, I dragged my legs towards the finish line. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] With a glow rekindled in my mind, I outran the runners in sight. (运用了with的复合结构)
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