中考二轮英语专项练 专题16 阅读理解之说明文类

中考英语总复习方法指导

中考英语考点一遍过为了帮助考生更好的冲刺中考英语，从命题趋势、易错警示、方法技巧、跟踪训练、真题再现等几个方面帮孩子更准、更快、更有效的复习。

中考总复习一般分为三轮：

1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。

通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。我们从双基入手，紧扣中考知识点来组织单元过关。

2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。

第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体，力求实现基础知识重点化，重点知识网络化，网络知识题型化，题型设计生活化。

3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。

复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。

专题16 阅读理解之说明文类

【要点提炼】

考点扫描

一、中考相关能力检测内容

1. 理解和把握文章的主旨大意、段落大意和中心思想的能力。

2. 理解和把握文章具体信息来获取有关信息的能力，及根据上下文提供的语境推测生词词义、句意，进而加深对文章的理解的能力。

3. 根据文章进行简单的数字推算和计算的能力。

4. 既要理解词、短语、句子和文章的表层意思，又要理解其深层含义和抽象概念的能力。

5. 理解全篇的逻辑关系，根据已知信息进行合理的推理判断和预测新信息的能力。

二、中考相关命题特点

初中英语试题中的阅读文章题材丰富(涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术等各个方面)，体裁多样(包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等)。中考阅读理解要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能作出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案或作出正误判断。文章的难易程度和初三课文基本相同，要求阅读速度为每分钟40—50个词。

做题技巧与策略

一、浏览全文，把握大意。

对于这类文章，先不必急于答题。而是快速浏览全文。弄清材料介绍或说明的对家是何物或何事。这一步可以解决试题中出现的主旨大意题或文章出处题。

二、精读全文，把握细节。

在把握了文章的中心后，再精读全文，看作者是从哪些方面来介绍或说明这-事物或对象的。 在这个步骤中，我们要弄清全文的结构和脉络。这步可以解决试题中出现的细节理解题。

三、认真读题，确定关键。

在把握全文的基本结构之后，我们可以认真看题，确定试题的关键词语。每一道题都会有测试的重点， 这些测试的重点就是通过这些关键词语体现出来的。

四、依据关键，快速定位。

试题中的关键词语往往会在文章中出现，而与本题相关的答题依据往往也就出现在这些关键词语的前后。我们可以通过这些关键词语迅速地确定答案。

五、基于依据，推理判断。

对于推理判断题，我们在把握了相关的信息之后，就要利用好这些信息进行相应的推理判断，并得出合理的结论。

【专题真题训练】

（一）【重庆市中考】

Cinyee Chiu, an artist from Taiwan, is always happy to try something new. Her amazing works won lots of prizes. Among them, ＂24 Solar Terms(节气)＂ is the most popular.

Ancient Chinese divided a year into 24 parts according to the changes of the weather. It’s the 24 solar terms. But not everyone knows them well. Cinyee Chiu put the 24 solar terns in pictures to help people understand them better.

Cinyee turned each solar term into an animal. But these animals are not just animals. You can also find seasonal fruits, vegetables or beautiful flowers on them.

When spring comes, water gets warm and fish start to swim around. So Cinyee chose fish as a symbol of Start of Spring. Also, she drew spring vegetables, Chinese chives on the back of the fish.

White Dew falls on about Sept. 8. It shows the beginning of the cool autumn. There are colorful leaves and cooler nights at this time of year. As the temperature falls, white dew(露珠) is often seen on the grass and trees at night. For White Dew, Cinyee chose a raccoon—a small animal with thick hair. She drew white spots(小圆点) on the raccoon to show dew. And she used the dragon fruit to show the rich colors in autumn.

The young artist really gave the ancient Chinese culture a new look.

1. The writer gave ___________ examples to show Cinyee’s ＂24 Solar Terms＂.

A. two B. three C. four D. five

2. From Paragraph 5, we know that ___________.

A. a raccoon likes fish

B. Start of Spring falls on about Dec. 8

C. White Dew shows the end of the autumn

D. Cinyee used white spots to show dew

3. According to the passage, Picture ___________ can’t be from Cinyee’s ＂24 Solar Terms＂.

A.  B.  C.  D.

4. The writer mainly wants to talk about ___________.

A. why Cinyee made herself known

B. who divided a year into 24 parts

C. how Cinyee showed the 24 solar terms

D. what Start of Spring and White Dew mean

【文章大意】本文介绍了来自台湾的艺术家Cinyee Chiu是如何用动物来展示24节气的。Cinyee把每个节气都变成了一种动物。并且通过两个例子：鱼代表立春；浣熊代表白露。来加以说明。最后说明了这位年轻的艺术家使中国古代文化焕然一新。

【答案】ADDC

【答案解析】

1. 细节理解题。根据句子So Cinyee chose fish as a symbol of Start of Spring. 因此，Cinyee选择鱼作为立春的象征。和句子For White Dew, Cinyee chose a raccoon—a small animal with thick hair. She drew white spots(小圆点) on the raccoon to show dew.  对于白露这一节气，Cinyee Chiu选择了一只浣熊——一种长着浓密毛发的小动物。她在浣熊身上画了白点（小圆点）来表示露水。可知，作者举了两个例子来说明Cinyee的＂24节气＂。故选A。

2. 细节理解题。根据Cinyee chose a raccoon—a small animal with thick hair. Cinyee选择了一只浣熊——一种长着浓密毛发的小动物。可知，A不对；选项B的句子Start of Spring falls on about Dec. 8. 立春大约在12月8日左右。短文中并没有提到，因此B不正确；根据原文White Dew falls on about Sept. 8. It shows the beginning of the cool autumn.白露在9月8日左右。它显示了凉爽的秋天的开始。因此选项C. White Dew shows the end of the autumn白露表示秋末。是错误的；根据第五段的句子She drew white spots(小圆点) on the raccoon to show dew. 她在浣熊身上画了白点（小圆点）来表示露水。可知，Cinyee使用白点来显示露水。因此本题正确的答案为D。

3. 细节理解题。题干问哪一幅图不可能来自Cinyee的24 节气。根据Cinyee turned each solar term into an animal. Cinyee可知，Cinyee把每个节气都变成了一种动物。而图片D是＂画了一只鸟的立春图＂，是挂历性质的一幅图片，所以该选项不可能来自于Cinyee的24 节气。故选D。

4. 主旨大意题。根据Among them, ＂24 Solar Terms(节气)＂ is the most popular. 其中，＂24节气＂最受欢迎。以及下文的两个例子，主要用来说明Cinyee是如何用动物图片来展示24个节气的。所以选C。

（二）【浙江省温州市】

Many objects in the universe are invisible, but they send radio waves. The radio telescope thus appeared, and it is considered one of the greatest inventions in the twentieth century. Reber built the world’s first radio telescope in 1937. Ryle and Hewish developed radio telescope systems for the location of weak radio sources, and they shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974.

A radio telescope is usually made up of:

One or more antennas to collect the radio waves. Most antennas are made in the shape of a dish to collect and reflect, the radio waves to the sub-reflector, in the same way as a curved mirror focuses visible light to one point.

A receiver and amplifier to receive the radio waves from the sub-reflector, and make these weak radio waves strong enough to be recorded and turned into electronic signals. To make an amplifier sensitive enough, it is usually cooled to, very low temperatures (e. g. as low as -270℃）.

A recorder to keep a record of the electronic signals. Most: radio telescopes today keep the signals to the computer’s memory disk for astronomers to analyze later.

Radio wavelengths are much longer than those of visible light, and the radio waves from deep space are always weak. To catch Radio wavelengths are much longer than those of visible light, and the radio waves from deep space are always weak. To catch these waves, radio telescopes usually have huge antennas. The sizes of most antennas in use today are around 50 to 300 metres in diameter. The antenna of FAST in Guizhou, China, the latest and largest radio telescope in the world, is 500 metres in diameter, as large as the size of 30 football fields.

To avoid interferences, and keep the telescopes sensitive, radio telescopes are built in places where there are no human radio waves or electronic signals. For example, FAST is 5 kilometres away from the closest village and 25 kilometres away from the nearest town.

Radio telescopes create pictures of the sky, not in visible light, but in radio waves. This is extremely useful, because there are objects that can’t be seen, objects that we wouldn’t even know without radio telescopes.

5. Radio telescopes help collect ___________ from the universe

A. light B. objects C. radio waves D. visible signals

6. Most antennas of radio telescopes are made in the shape of a dish to ___________.

A. make the antennas strong enough  B. increase the number of radio waves

C. turn radio waves into electronic signals D. focus radio waves on the sub-reflector

7. The underlined word "interferences" in the passage refers to ___________.

A. the noises made by villagers and animals

B. the sounds from the radios and televisions

C. the people who go to Guizhou to watch FAST work

D. the radio waves and electronic signals from humans

8. What have we done with the help of radio telescopes?

A. We have received pictures of deep space.

B. We have discovered unknown lives in the universe.

C. We have found some unknown objects in the universe.

D. We have turned the radio waves from space into light.

【文章大意】本文主要介绍了无线电天文望远镜，详细介绍了它的发明、构成、工作原理、作用等。

【答案】CDDC

【答案解析】

5. 细节理解题。根据文中的信息A radio telescope is usually made up of：One or more antennas to collect the radio waves.可知，无线天文望远镜帮助收集宇宙中的无线电波，故答案选C。

6. 细节理解题。根据文中的信息Most antennas are made in the shape of a dish to collect and reflect, the radio waves to the sub-reflector, in the same way as a curved mirror focuses visible light to one point.可知，大多数无线天文望远镜的天线都是碟形的，用来将无线电波聚焦在副反射器上，故答案选D。

7. 词义猜测题。根据下文and keep the telescopes sensitive, radio telescopes are built in places where there are no human radio waves or electronic signals.可知是为了避免干扰，保持望远镜的灵敏度，无线天文电望远镜建在没有人类无线电波或电子信号的地方。所以"interferences"指的是来自人类的无线电波和电子信号，故答案选D。

8. 细节理解题。根据文中的信息This is extremely useful, because there are objects that can’t be seen, objects that we wouldn’t even know without radio telescopes.可推知，在无线天文望远镜的帮助下，我们发现了宇宙中一些未知的物体，故答案选C。

（三）【浙江省衢州市】

    The world has a plastics problem. And not just with bottles. Straws(吸管), toothbrushes, toys—all kinds of plastics are placed in landfills. There are 5 billion tons of plastic waste in the world. Landfills have a large part of it. By 2050, they could have 13 billion tons.

Much of plastic rubbish finds its way into the ocean. Scientists say 165 million tons of plastic pieces are floating around out there. And most plastic won’t disappear itself. It will remain in the ocean forever. Whales get caught in plastic fishing nets. Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps. It endangers ocean life. Plastic rubbish even ends up in the food we eat.

Governments are realizing that recycling may not be enough. They are taking more actions. Though it is hard work, it is still a solvable problem. In Britain, people are not allowed to use plastic bags except in hospitals. Scotland and several coastal cities in the US stop people from using plastic straws as well. The US alone throws away some 500 million plastic straws a day. That’s enough to circle the Earth twice. ＂Saying no to a plastic straw is an easy way to make a big difference,＂ Dana Lofflin who started www.strawfree.org said. ＂Do we really want to pass on to our children a world harmed by plastic?＂

People have found some tasty ways to reduce waste. A company in India made the first-ever spoon that people can eat. You don’t have to eat the spoon. You can throw it away. It decomposes(分解) in just a few days. David Edwards, a scientist at Harvard University, designed an eatable bag which can protect the food or drink inside. It is a delicious replacement for plastic ones.

9. According to the write, birds die because they ___________.

A. eat bottle caps and straws    B. get caught in fishing nets

C. feed on ocean animals     D. have the spoons in India

10. The underlined word "endangers " in Paragraph 2 probably means ___________.

A. brings B. loses C. harms D. saves

11. The purpose of the passage is mainly to ___________.

A. introduce some ways to recycle waste

B. tell readers about the problem with plastics

C. compare air pollution and plastic pollution

D. describe how the US is reducing plastic waste

12. From the passage, we can tell that the plastics problem ___________.

A. is too big for people to solve B. can be solved by recycling alone

C. can be solved, but it won’t be easy D. will have to be solved by future scientists

【文章大意】本文讲述了关于塑料问题。塑料废料越来越多。到2050年，他们可能有130亿吨。许多塑料垃圾都能进入海洋。它危及海洋生物。塑料垃圾甚至最终会进入我们吃的食物中。各国政府正正在采取更多的行动。塑料问题是可以解决，但不容易。

【答案】ACBC

【答案解析】

9. 题意：据报道，鸟类死亡是因为__________。考查细节理解。根据第2段第6句Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps.（鸟死于吃塑料吸管和瓶盖。）可知＂鸟类死亡是因为鸟吃塑料吸管和瓶盖＂；故选A。

10. 题意：第2段中下画线单词＂endangers＂可能意思是__________。考查词义猜测。A. brings带来；B. loses失去；C. harms伤害；D. saves拯救。根据上文Whales get caught in plastic fishing nets. Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps.（鲸鱼被塑料渔网捕获。鸟死于吃塑料吸管和瓶盖。）描述可知＂此句It endangers ocean life.句意是：它危害海洋生物。＂根据句意可知＂endangers＂可能意思是＂harms＂；选C。

11. 题意：这篇文章的目的主要是__________。考查主旨理解。本文讲述了关于塑料问题。根据本文主要内容可知这篇文章的目的主要是告诉读者塑料的问题；故选B。

12.题意：从文章中我们可以看出塑料问题__________。考查主旨理解。根据第3段第3句Though it is hard work, it is still a solvable problem.（虽然工作很辛苦，但仍然是一个可以解决的问题。）可知从文章中我们可以看出塑料问题可以解决，但不容易；故选C。

（四）【四川省广安市】

    Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智能)is the ability of a computer program or a machine. The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn. It is also a field of study that tries to make computers "smart". John McCarthy, a scientist, came up with(提出)the name "artificial intelligence" over 60 years ago. Many things such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers, though not in the same way as people do.

An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs. They can learn, solve problems, and think logically(逻辑地）. At present, Al can successfully understanding human speech, recognizie (识别）human faces, operate self-driving cars and compete in some game systems like playing Chess. However, some people also consider(认为）AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly. A famous British scientist also was not for this kind of technology.

Math is the basic language of AI. If students are good at math, they will be more likely to become successful AI designers(设计者）in the future. We need not only bright students, but also average(普通的）students. As for(对于）average students, if they get enough math skills, they can also become successful AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing.

Scientists hope to create creative(有创造力）and emotional (有感情的）AI. The AI can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this wide and exciting field.

13. From Paragraph 1, we know that ___________.

A. all problems can be solved by computers

B. machines with AI can think and learn

C. AI has been around for only 60 years

D. AI works in the same way as people

14. According to the passage, what can’t AI do at present?

A. Understand human speech.    B. Operate self-driving cars.

C. Compete in some game systems.   D. Understand human feelings.

15. The underlined word＂it＂in Paragraph 2 refers to(指的是）___________.

A. chess B. a scientist C. the danger D. AI

16. According to the passage, if students want to become successful AI designers, they should learn ___________ well.

A. math and art B. art and technology

C. math and computer science D. art and computer science

17. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientist ___________ about AI.

A. wishes B. worries C. feelings D. discoveries

【文章大意】人工智能是电脑程序或者机器可以学习和思考的一种能力，这方面的研究目的在于创造出能学习、解决问题和思考的电脑程序。本文简单介绍了人工智能，并表示科学家们正在这个领域努力研究。

【答案】BDDCA

【答案解析】

13. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第二句Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智能)is the ability of a computer program or a machine. The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn. 人工智能是计算机程序或机器的能力。计算机或具有人工智能的机器可以思考和学习。可知，故选B。

14. 细节理解题。根据At present, Al can successfully understanding human speech, recognizie (识别）human faces, operate self-driving cars and compete in some game systems like playing Chess. 目前，艾尔能够成功地理解人类的语言，识别（识别）人类的面孔，操作自动驾驶的汽车，并在一些游戏系统（如下棋）中进行竞争。可知，故选D。

15. 代词指代题。根据上文的Some people also consider(认为）AI a danger to humans有些人还认为人工智能对人类是一种危险。可知，it指的是AI，如果人工智能发展迅速的话，它对人类是一种危险。故选D。

16. 推理判断题。根据文中We need not only bright students, but also average(普通的）students. As for(对于）average students, if they get enough math skills, they can also become successful AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing. 我们不仅需要聪明的学生，也需要普通的学生。至于普通的学生，如果他们有足够的数学技能，他们也可以成为成功的人工智能设计师。此外，对于人工智能设计来说，良好的计算机科学知识也是必不可少的。可知，故选C。

17. 细节理解题。根据最后一段Scientists hope to create creative(有创造力）and emotional (有感情的）AI. The AI can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this wide and exciting field. 科学家们希望创造出有创造力和情感的人工智能。人工智能可能理解人类的感受或创造艺术。许多方法和工具都试图发现这个广阔而令人兴奋的领域。可知，故选A。

【点评】

阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力、主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意和短文内容选出正确的答案。（1）考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，学生准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案。（2）考查猜词能力。做这种题型时，学生要根据上下文意思准确猜出词义。3）考查推理判断能力，此类题型较难，学生要准确理解题意后，在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。本文主要考查学生的细节理解能力。准确理解题意后，到文中找出相关的叙述，做出正确的判断。

（五）【安徽省中考】

    The world uses about a thousand million(百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.

Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater.

While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process (加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.

Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.

18. How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world?

A. Under 10 million. B. Only 19 million.

C. About 92 million. D. Over 700 million.

19. Treating wastewater helps the environment by ___________.

A. storing waste in ice and snow B. letting waste run into oceans

C. keeping waste out of rivers and oceans D. sending waste to coastal countries

20. What does the underlined word "desalination" in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. 远洋运输 B. 潮汐发电 C. 食盐销售 D. 海水淡化

21. At present, the technology to process water ___________.

A. needs much energy B. saves much money

C. satisfies everyone D. causes pollution

22. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Water should be a human right. B. The water problem is still serious.

C. Our planet is covered with water. D. Everyone has enough clean water.

【文章大意】＂水是生命之源＂，我们的生活离不开水。但地球上的水资源是有限的，全世界很多地方的人们仍然没有办法获得干净、安全的水。现在我们有了一项新的技术，可以处理和再利用废水，但它需要大量的能源，因此科学家们正在努力创造一种成本更低的技术。

【答案】DCDAB

【答案解析】

18. 细节理解题。根据短文第一段最后一句话Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.可知，有超过7亿人在获得清洁、安全的水方面存在困难。由此可知应选D。

19. 细节理解题。根据短文第二段Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans.可知，处理废水可以使废物远离河流和海洋，从而有利于保护环境。由此可知应选C。

20.词义猜测题。根据单词所在的上下文语境The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in.，地球上98%的水在海洋里，是咸水不能喝，然后下文More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world提到了很多处理海水的工厂。由此可推测desalination的意思应该是＂海水淡化＂，故应选D。

21. 细节理解题。根据短文第三段最后一句话But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.可知，现在处理海水的技术需要大量的能量。由此可知应选A。

22. 推理判断题。根据短文最后一句话But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.可知，现在，世界每天仍然面临着没有足够的水供每个人使用。由此可知现在水问题仍然非常严重，故应选B。

（六）【山东省青岛市】

Wind power is a very clean source of energy. This is how wind power works. Wind makes windmills spin (旋转). When the windmills spin, they make electricity. Then we can use the electricity. A lot of people think that wind power is new, but that’s not true. For thousands of years, people have used wind to sail boats and move water. We still do those things today, but these days we mostly use wind power to make electricity.

Wind power is a very popular source of energy. Most people think that we should use it more and more. First of all, it’s clean. Windmills don’t pollute the environment at all. Second, we can use wind power forever. After all, we will always have wind. Also, wind power is cheap, and it’s getting even cheaper.

A lot of people don’t understand wind power very well. They believe that there are problems with wind power, but many of those problems are not real. For example, some people say that windmills are dangerous for birds. They used to be true, but it isn’t true anymore. Old windmills killed birds because they spun very fast. New windmills spin slowly, and they aren’t dangerous for birds.

However, there are real problems with windmills. One problem is that many people think windmills are very ugly. This is a problem for people, because windmills are often in very pretty areas. Also, wind doesn’t blow all the time, so we can’t use wind power all the time. Finally, windmills are noisy.

Wind power is becoming more and more common. Right now, more than 80 countries use wind power. About 2.5 percent of the world’s power comes from the wind. For some countries, that number is a lot higher. Wind power gives Denmark more than 25 percent of its electricity.

23. Why DON’T new windmills kill birds? Because ___________.

A. birds don’t fly near them B. they spin slowly

C. they are shorter than old windmills D. new windmills don’t spin

24. When did people start using wind power?

A. About 25 years ago. B. About 80 years ago.

C. About 500 years ago. D. Over 1,000 years ago.

25. ___________, so we CAN’T use wind power all the time.

A. Windmills break all the time B. We can’t use windmills at night

C. Windmills are too expensive to use all the time D. Wind doesn’t blow all the time

26. What does the article say about wind power?

A. Most people don’t like it. B. It’s getting cheaper.

C. Denmark doesn’t use it. D. It’s getting more expensive.

27. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Expensive Windmills B. Cheap and Clean Energy

C. Popular and Clean Wind Power D. Dangerous Birds

【文章大意】短文介绍了人类对风能的利用。过去风能主要使用于海上航行和水利灌溉，而现在主要用风力发电。风能是一种非常清洁的能源。也是一种非常流行的能源。还介绍了风车一些弊端。风力发电越来越普遍，目前，80多个国家使用风力发电。世界上约2.5%的电力来自风能。

【答案】BDDBC

【答案解析】

23.细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子＂Old windmills killed birds because they spun very fast. New windmills spin slowly, and they aren’t dangerous for birds.＂ 旧风车杀死鸟是因为它们旋转得很快。新的风车旋转缓慢，对鸟类来说并不危险。故答案为B。

24. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子＂For thousands of years, people have used wind to sail boats and move water.＂几千年来，人们借助风帆来航行和通过风车来灌溉。因此借助风力至少有一千多年的历史，答案是D。

25.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的句子＂Also, wind doesn’t blow all the time, so we can’t use wind power all the time.＂风不会一直吹，所以我们不能一直使用风力。故答案为D。

26. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子＂Wind power is a very popular source of energy.＂可知，风能是一种非常流行的能源，A选项错误；根据第二段中的句子＂Also, wind power is cheap, and it’s getting even cheaper.＂可知风能很便宜，而且越来越便宜。B选项正确，D选项错误；根据最后一句＂Wind power gives Denmark more than 25 percent of its electricity.＂风力发电为丹麦提供了超过25%的电力。C选项错误。故答案选B。

27. 标题归纳题。短文介绍了人类对风能的利用。风能是一种非常清洁的能源，也是一种非常流行的能源。故答案为C。

【点评】

标题归纳题是阅读理解中常见的一个题型，这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头，首先点明本段大意，有时在结尾，总结本段大意。例如第5小题，文章的中心思想贯穿一二段的开头，风能是一种非常清洁的能源。也是一种非常流行的能源。故答案为C。