高中英语高考解密18完形填空之记叙文-2021年高考英语高频考点解密（二轮复习）(解析版） 试卷

解密18完形填空之记叙文
序号
题型
真题
Part 1
解密高考
考点综述 备考建议
Part 2
对点解密
考点精准说1... 真题对点析1... 对点模拟练1...
Part 3
强化集训
真题模测、典题模测



Part 1解密高考
【考点综述】
仔细研读近几年高考完形填空我们不难发现，记叙文是出现频率最高的一类文体，多以记人和叙事为主。具体地说，它是借助叙述、描写等手段记叙社会中的人物和事件发展过程，用以表现作者的态度和观点。记叙文多以人的思想和行为为中心，以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述。研读记叙型完形填空，可看出以下趋势：
1.首句完整，线索清楚。
　　一般作者在第一句话就交代了人物的姓名、身份、业绩或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结果。
2.叙述灵活，侧重语境。
　　文章以叙述为主，人物间对话较少，绝大部分篇章是作者在描述事件，较少加入作者的观点或评论。因此，常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换，或语气上的差异。这增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，从而突出了对语境的依赖，实现了在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境，辨析词语，作出选择。
3.实词为主，虚词为辅。
高考记叙型完形填空，篇章不长，一般在200～260个词左右，始终紧扣话题中心，形成一个主题连续体。选项一般为同一词类或同一范畴。重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词、连词、冠词等虚词的考查相对较少。实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力这一思路。
【备考建议】
1.利用语篇语境、逻辑关系解题
完形填空主要考查根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。所以考生在做题时①通过语篇内容进行推断：把握全文，可以避免断章取义；②通过上下文语境进行推断：从上下文中寻找提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行合理的推理判断。必须将词语辨析与上下文情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。做题时严格区分、细心比较，看其搭配、惯用法，尤其看其内涵和外延，即词义的差异，才能找出一个合乎情理的答案。
2.利用搭配、同义复现、常识解题
固定搭配包括固定词组搭配和语法题两种，随着“突出语篇”的命题原则，这类题目越来越少。
词汇复现的信息包括原词复现，同义词、近义词和反义词复现，概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如：与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。考生可以利用这些现象解题。
有些情况下考生可以根据上下文的意思，从自己的生活经验、知识储备、常识和常规逻辑出发，正确理解题意，推断正确答案。
Part 2对点解密
【真题对点析】1
（2020 • 全国卷3）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, 42 their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll 43 that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 47 .
I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. 49 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular". After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 , and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on 53 people.
That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Don’t take it 56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think "Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not 57 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you won’ be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone’s day.264
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
【答案】
41.B42.A43.D44.C45.B46.D47.A48.B49.D50.B51.D52.B53.C54.A55.A56.C57.D58.B59.C60.A
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员； D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying说；B. pretending假装；C. guessing猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C. imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C. discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular特别的；B. different不同的；C. matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you don't have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，但是作者还是努力说服他们保持微笑，服务顾客。故选B。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌的；C. careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。
49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about好奇；B. displeased with对……不满意；C. patient with对……有耐心；D. uncertain about对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。
52.考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C. other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since she'd found it too much to cope with, she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B. shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
56.考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D. casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。
57.考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。
58.考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way妨碍，挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect期待；C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。
60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭；B. makes制作；C. starts开始；D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。
【对点模拟练】1
Some years back my house had been broken into. I knew all my neighbors well and therefore was pretty 21 that it was Jared. The police said, "He's 22 got quite a record. If you 23 Jared, he will be 24 to juvenile detention （少管所）.”
Jared was 14 and well known as a local 25 boy but still a teenager who I wouldn’t like to see end up a prisoner. I asked the police to hold off until I could 26 Jared.
When he saw me, 27 filled his eyes. I asked why he had broken into my home. "Stupid mistake," he said. "If I take you to 28 , you'll go to the youth center," I told him. Jared showed a sense of regret and I 29 the moment. "Listen," I said. "I've 30 to the police to be your mentor （导师）for one school year. This 31 you have to meet me for one hour every week, spending the time on homework and anything you like. "He took the 32
We had since had many conversations. 33 but surely he opened up and told me about his broken family and his 34 of meaningful connections with others. Week after week, we sat and chatted. He repaid the 35 money. When the 10 months 36 , I told him, "you did two grown-up things during the past 10 months. You showed up and 37 for what you started. I'm proud of you. ”
Although Jared 38 smiled and left, the experience had a 39 effect on both of us. We kept meeting for time to time. The neighborhood 40 from a more civil, responsible Jared.
21．A．regretful B．curious C．astonished D．sure
22．A．still B．never C．already D．seldom
23．A．punish B．charge C．frighten D．forgive
24．A．sentenced B．driven C．guided D．exposed
25．A．crazy B．greedy C．tough D．naughty
26．A．turn to B．deal with C．reply to D．argue with
27．A．delight B．warmth C．doubt D．fear
28．A．court B．school C．work D．prison
29．A．possessed B．remembered C．seized D．ignored
30．A．applied B．looked C．appealed D．signaled
31．A．admits B．proves C．means D．assumes
32．A．challenge B．responsibility C．lead D．offer
33．A．Luckily B．Slowly C．Freely D．Bravely
34．A．lack B．opinion C．beginning D．analysis
35．A．extra B．borrowed C．stolen D．private
36．A．ended B．progressed C．paused D．worsened
37．A．prepared B．compensated C．accounted D．waited
38．A．hardly B．directly C．possibly D．simply
39．A．strange B．potential C．lasting D．predictable
40．A．heard B．learned C．suffered D．benefited
【答案】21．D22．C23．B24．A25．C26．B27．D28．A29．C30．A
31．C32．D33．B34．A35．C36．A37．B38．D39．C40．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者对社区的一个“问题男孩”宽容和帮助的故事。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认识我所有的邻居，所以很确定是Jared。A. regretful遗憾的；B. curious好奇的；C. astonished惊讶地；D. sure肯定的。作者对邻里非常了解，因此十分确定是Jared做的坏事。故选D。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他已经有过不少犯罪记录了。A. still仍然；B. never从不；C. already已经；D. seldom很少。根据后面一句“如果起诉，他会被送进少管所”可知，Jared已经有不少不良行为记录。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你起诉Jared，他会被送进少管所。A. punish处罚；B. charge起诉；C. frighten害怕；D. forgive宽恕。根据he will be 4　to juvenile detention （少管所）.可知，如果起诉，他会被送进少管所。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你起诉Jared，他会被送进少管所。A. sentenced宣判；B. driven迫使；C. guided指导；D. exposed揭露。根据 juvenile detention （少管所）可知，如果你起诉Jared，他会被送进少管所。短语be sentenced to被宣判。故选A。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jared当时14岁，是当地有名的卑鄙粗鲁的少年。A. crazy疯狂的；B. greedy贪婪的；C. tough粗野的，粗鲁的；D. naughty调皮的。根据but still a teenager who I wouldn’t like to see end up a prisoner可知，Jared是社区的粗鲁少年。故选C。
26．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我让警察等我搞定Jared再说。A. turn to求助；B. deal with处理；C. reply to答复；D. argue with和……争辩。根据下文可知，作者没有通过法律手段惩治男孩，而是与他沟通，并帮助他。故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他看到我时，眼里充满了恐惧。我问他为什么闯进我家。A. delight高兴；B. warmth温暖；C. doubt怀疑；D. fear害怕。根据上文语境“如果起诉，他会被送进少管所。”以及后面男孩的回答可知，此时男孩有些害怕。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我把你告上法庭，你就要去少管所。A. court法庭；B. school学校；C. work工作；D. prison监狱。根据you'll go to the youth center可知，如果作者起诉，Jared会被送进少管所。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰瑞德表现出后悔，我抓住了时机。A. possessed拥有；B. remembered记得；C. seized抓住；D. ignored忽略。根据Jared showed a sense of regret可知，作者此时是抓住了男孩有害怕，也有悔意的时机。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经向警察局申请做你一学年的导师。A. applied申请；B. looked看；C. appealed呼吁；D. signaled发信号。根据上文语境可知，Jared是未成年人，并且作者已经与警方沟通，所以此处“申请”最合理。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着你每周要和我见面一个小时，把时间花在家庭作业和任何你喜欢的事情上。A. admits承认；B. proves证明；C. means意味着；D. assumes假想。根据常识，作者成为男孩的导师就意味着男孩要定期与作者见面。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他接受了这个提议。A. challenge挑战；B. responsibility责任；C. lead榜样；D. offer提议。因为做男孩的导师是作者提出的，所以他接受了这个提议。故选D。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他慢慢地但最终敞开了心扉，告诉我他破碎的家庭和他与他人缺乏有意义的联系。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Slowly慢慢地；C. Freely自由地；D. Bravely勇敢地。根据后面的but surely he opened up可知，此空强调了缓慢但到最终结果的变化过程。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他慢慢地但最终敞开了心扉，告诉我他破碎的家庭和他与他人缺乏有意义的联系。A. lack缺少；B. opinion观点；C. beginning开始；D. analysis分析。根据told me about his broken family 可知，此处在讲述男孩所经历和面临的问题，因此“缺少”与别人有意义的联系更合理。故选A。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他还了偷来的钱。A. extra额外的；B. borrowed借来的；C. stolen偷来的；D. private私人的。根据上文ome years back my house had been broken into. 可知，男孩需要归还他从作者家里偷走的钱。故选C。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：十个月结束时。A. ended结束；B. progressed进步；C. paused暂停；D. worsened更坏。根据上下文，特别是后文中的during the past 10 months可知，作者作为男孩导师的十个月结束了。故选A。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你每天都来见我，为你开始所做的错事付出了补偿。A. prepared准备；B. compensated补偿；C. accounted解释；D. waited等待。根据 He repaid the 15　money.以及showed up 可知，Jared为开始所做的错事付出了补偿。故选B。
38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然Jared只是微笑着离开了，但这段经历对我们俩都产生了持久的影响。A. hardly几乎不；B. directly直接地；C. possibly可能地；D. simply简单地，只是。本句是Although引导的让步状语从句，因此根据句意可以推断选项。尽管Jared只是笑笑就离开了，但是这段经历对我们两个都有很长久的影响。故选D。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然Jared只是微笑着离开了，但这段经历对我们俩都产生了持久的影响。A. strange奇怪的；B. potential可能地；C. lasting持续的；D. predictable可预知的。根据下文 We kept meeting for time to time. The neighborhood 　　　　20　　　　 from a more civil, responsible Jared.可知，这段经历对他们俩都产生了持久的影响故选C。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个更文明，更负责任的杰瑞德会让邻居受益。A. heard听说；B. learned学习；C. suffered遭受；D. benefited获益。Jared发生了积极的转变，不在是问题少年，让邻居受益。故选D。
【点睛】
本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。文章逻辑性较强，只要读懂文章大意，基本能选出正确答案。考生做此完形填空时，要充分理解文章大意，特别注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。如小题14考查的是名词词义的辨析，根据根据told me about his broken family 可知，此处在讲述男孩所经历和面临的问题，因此“ 缺少 ”与别人有意义的联系更合理。故选A。可知，此处在讲述男孩所经历和面临的问题，因此“缺少”与别人有意义的连接更合理，从而根据语境选出正确的答案。
【真题对点析】2
（2020 • 全国卷2）
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be 41 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had 48 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 52 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in our picture,”Nicolo’s son told his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 57 the other painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.277
41．A．attached B．allocated C．exposed D．submitted
42．A．finished B．delayed C．considered D．tried
43．A．attended B．reserved C．cancelled D．run
44．A．shown B．found C．kept D．hidden
45．A．nice B．familiar C．useful D．real
46．A．battled B．debated C．discussed D．bargain
47．A．held B．left C．registered D．brought
48．A．chosen B．received C．ordered D．moved
49．A．missed B．failed C．taken D．led
50．A．concrete B．unusual C．unappealing D．natual
51．A．appreciated B．touched C．researched D．witnessed
52．A．painter B．designer C．author D．actor
53．A．expected B．surprised C．anxious D．ready
54．A．room B．kitchen C．hall D．garden
55．A．apparently B．confidently C．eventually D．temporarily
56．A．owned B．borrowed C．sold D．stole
57．A．collected B．cleaned C．framed D．studied
58．A．suitably B．actually C．rightly D．specifically
59．A．girl B．artist C．family D．police
60．A．copies B．originals C．models D．presents
【答案】41．C42．A43．D44．B45．A46．A47．D48．D49．C50．B51．C52．A53．B54．D55．C56．A57．D
58．B59．C60．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicolo的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。后来他学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000万美元。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached参加；B. allocated分配；C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下文的because of Italy's privacy可知此处用be exposed to“暴露”符合语境，故选C项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因为意大利的隐私法不能暴露给警方。A. finished完成；B. delayed推迟；C. considered考虑；D. tried尝试。根据上文的It was just after sunrise on a June morning可推测Nicolo刚在工厂里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故选A项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警方进行的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. attended参加；B. reserved保护；C. cancelled取消；D. run进行。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，故选D项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警察管理的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. shown展示；B. found发现；C. kept保存；D. hidden隐藏。根据句意可知，此处是指拍卖的东西都是从一列火车上发现的，故选B项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它东西中，Nicolo看到了两幅画，他觉得它们看起来挂在自己的餐桌上方会很漂亮。A. nice漂亮的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. useful有用的； D. real真的。根据下文的Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推测Nicolo认为这两幅画挂在自己的餐桌前会很漂亮，所以才会出高价买，故选A项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicolo最终以32美元的价格赢得了这两幅画。A. battled竞争；B. debated辩论；C. discussed 讨论；D. bargained讨价还价。根据上文的were sold to the highest bidder可知此处用“竞争”符合语境，故选A项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nicolo退休去Sicily居住时，他带上了这两幅画。A. held拿着；B. left离开，留下；C. registered注册；D. brought带来。根据下文的he hung them above the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时带上了这两幅画，故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是他从Turin搬来的。A. chosen选择；B. received收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved搬。根据上文的the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时也把桌子搬来了，故选D项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. missed错过；B. failed失败；C. taken拿；D. led导致。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take classes“上课”，故选C项。
50．考查形容词词义辨析，句意：句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那副有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. concrete具体的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unappealing不吸引人的；D. natural自然的。根据下文的it was signed ''Bonnato'' or he thought可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个著名画家的画，故觉得它有些不同寻常，故选B项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. appreciated欣赏；B. touched触摸；C. researched研究；D. witnessed目睹。根据下文的he only found ''Bonnard''可推测儿子仔细研究了画，故选C项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了Bonnard，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. painter画家；B. designer设计师；C. author 作家；D. actor演员。根据下文的a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard可知，此处用画家符合语境，故选A项。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. expected意料的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. ready准备好的。根据下文的sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting可知此处用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. room房间；B. kitchen餐厅； C. hall 大厅；D. garden花园。根据上文的with a young girl sitting on a garden chair可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是原词复现，故选D项。
55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. apparently明显地；B. confidently自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temporary暂时的。根据上文的he bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his father's painting可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究，他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一副画的名字，故选C项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. owned拥有；B. borrowed借；C. sold卖；D. stole偷。根据上文的Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，这幅画的所有权是Nicolo的，即他们拥有它，故选A项。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. collected收集；B. cleaned打扫；C. framed制定；D. studied研究。根据上文的but when he 51 it可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词复现，故选D项。
58．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. suitably适合地；B. actually事实上；C. rightly正确地；D. specifically具体地。根据句意可知，此处是指他们研究了另外一副画，事实证明也是一副著名画家的画，故选B项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. girl女孩；B. artist艺术家；C. family家庭；D. police警察。根据上下文可知，此处是指Nicolo一家为了鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部打电话，故选C项。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. copies复制品；B. originals原版；C. models 模型；D. presents礼物。根据下文的as much as $50 million可推测，这两幅画都是画家的原版，故选B项。
【对点模拟练】2
I moved to a new city and took a job in marketing. I didn't really understand whether it 1 me. I enjoyed doing things that I felt had 2 —I could see their benefit and feel their impact. As the months passed, I felt it just wasn't for me. I needed to find a way out.
A job advertisement for a(n) 3 for a new youth magazine came at exactly the right time. I applied and was 4 . My role was to help teams of young people edit their 5 and help them with their work. I had assumed the magazine would be a(n) 6 of games and dull reviews, so I was 7 when one of the first pieces written was about social welfare. 8 , I found something I was interested in.
I felt a 9 in me straight away. I had a purpose again. Days were lost to discussing hot topics and 10 the words of their strong and opinionated (坚持己见的) voices. 11 in their world, I could see myself making a difference to the team's 12 ability. As our website 13 increased and the work shifted to reflect what our 14 wanted, I developed a greater 15 of what young people might want to read.
The biggest change the job brought, 16 ,was to my well-being. It is rare you find yourself in a job you love, one that you are happy to 17 each day. I was thriving (充实）in this 18 environment, inspired by the talented young people I was helping to 19 their careers. Now, I realize that there are jobs that will keep you happy, 20 and inspired.
1．A．messed with B．applied to C．relied on D．waited for
2．A．purpose B．convenience C．restriction D．entertainment
3．A．reporter B．lawyer C．editor D．typist
4．A．independent B．intelligent C．successful D．ambitious
5．A．courses B．references C．software D．content
6．A．replacement B．mixture C．innovation D．symbol
7．A．amused B．embarrassed C．touched D．surprised
8．A．Naturally B．Generally C．Frequently D．Finally
9．A．contrast B．shock C．change D．shame
10．A．reading B．translating C．spelling D．copying
11．A．Trapped B．Hidden C．Invested D．Imagined
12．A．gaming B．marketing C．writing D．communicating
13．A．hits B．pages C．profits D．advertisements
14．A．monitors B．sponsors C．colleagues D．audiences
15．A．distinction B．understanding C．expectation D．recording
16．A．though B．instead C．otherwise D．therefore
17．A．go into B．leave behind C．refer to D．set aside
18．A．troublesome B．creative C．tough D．conservative
19．A．transfer B．rescue C．discipline D．further
20．A．lucky B．popular C．energetic D．honest
1．B2．A3．C4．C5．D6．B7．D8．D9．C10．A
11．C12．C13．A14．D15．B16．A17．A18．B19．D20．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢做有目的性的事情，因此找了一份编辑工作，在这份工作中，作者得到了快乐和成长。
1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我真的不明白这是否适用于我。A. messed with搞砸了；B. applied to适用；C. relied on依靠；D. waited for等待。由下文的I felt it just wasn't for me可知，作者这时不明白这个销售工作是否适用于自己。故选B项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢做我觉得有目的的事情——我能看到它们的好处，感受它们的影响。A. purpose目的；B. convenience方便；C. restriction限制；D. entertainment娱乐。由下文的I had a purpose again可知，作者做事喜欢有目的。故选A项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为一家新青年杂志社招聘编辑的招聘广告来得正是时候。A. reporter记者；B. lawyer律师；C. editor编辑；D. typist打字员。由下文的My role was to help teams of young people edit可知，此处招的是编辑。故选C项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我申请成功了。A. independent独立的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. successful成功的；D. ambitious有志向的。由下文可知，作者在这家杂志社从事编辑工作，所以作者申请工作成功了。故选C项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的职责是帮助年轻人编辑他们的内容，并帮助他们完成工作。A. courses课程；B. references参考书；C. software软件；D. content内容。由上文语境可知，作者申请杂志编辑的工作，所以职责是帮助年轻人编辑他们的内容，并帮助他们完成工作。故选D项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体。A. replacement代替；B. mixture混合；C. innovation创新；D. symbol标志。由下文的games and dull reviews可知，作者本以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体。故选B项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体，所以当我第一篇写的是关于社会福利的文章时，我很惊讶。A. amused愉快的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. touched感动的；D. surprised惊讶的。由上文语境可知，作者本以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体，但作者第一篇写的是关于社会福利的文章，所以作者会惊讶。故选D项。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我找到了我感兴趣的东西。A. Naturally自然地；B. Generally一般地；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Finally最终地。由全文语境可知，作者一开始找到了不适合自己的销售工作到最后申请去当编辑做自己喜欢的事，所以，最终，找到了自己感兴趣的东西。故选D项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻感觉到了自己的变化。A. contrast对比；B. shock震惊；C. change改变；D. shame耻辱。由下文的The biggest change the job brought可知，此处指作者感到了一种变化。故选C项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天的时间都浪费在讨论热门话题和阅读他们强烈而固执己见话语的声音上了。A. reading阅读；B. translating翻译；C. spelling拼写；D. copying复制。由上文语境可知，作者是一位编辑，所以要阅读强烈而固执己见的话语。故选A项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：投入在他们的世界里，我可以看到自己对团队的写作能力产生了影响。A. Trapped困住；B. Hidden躲藏；C. Invested投入；D. Imagined想象。由下文语境可知，作者发现自己对团队的写作能力产生了影响，说明作者投入了年轻人的世界，认真地阅读他们强烈而固执己见的话语，所以对写作能力有影响。故选C项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：投入在他们的世界里，我可以看到自己对团队的写作能力产生了影响。A. gaming打赌、赌输；B. marketing推销；C. writing写作；D. communicating交流。由上文语境可知，作者是一位编辑，作者认真地阅读他们强烈而固执己见的话语，所以对写作能力有影响。故选C项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我们网站点击率的增加，工作转变为反映我们的读者想要什么。A. hits点击；B. pages页码；C. profits利益；D. advertisements广告。由上文的website可知，此处指网站点击率。故选A项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我们网站点击率的增加，工作转变为反映我们的读者想要什么。A. monitors监控器；B. sponsors赞助者；C. colleagues同事；D. audiences读者、观众。由上文语境可知，作者是一位编辑，他的工作对象应该是读者。故选D项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对年轻人可能想要阅读有了更深入的了解。A. distinction区别；B. understanding理解；C. expectation期望；D. recording记录。由上文语境可知，作者的工作反映他们的读者想要什么，说明作者对年轻人可能想要阅读有了更深入的了解。故选B项。
16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，这份工作给我带来的最大变化是我的幸福。A. though不过；B. instead代替；C. otherwise否则；D. therefore因此。由全文语境可知，此处指“不过”，应用though，符合语境。故选A项。
17．考查动词短语辨析。句意：很少有人能找到自己喜欢且每天都乐于从事的工作。A. go into从事；B. leave behind留下；C. refer to提及；D. set aside搁置。由上文的a job you love可知，此处指喜欢且每天都乐于从事的工作。故选A项。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在这个充满创造力的环境中茁壮成长。A. troublesome麻烦的；B. creative创造力的；C. tough艰难的；D. conservative保守的。由上下文语境可知，作者为年轻人工作，写作能力得到了提升，被他们激励/赋予灵感，说明这是一个具有创造力的环境。故选B项。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到我帮助他们进一步发展事业的有才华的年轻人所激励。A. transfer转移；B. rescue拯救；C. discipline惩罚；D. further促进、发展。由上文的My role was to help teams of young people edit their__5__and help them with their work可知，作者帮助年轻人进一步发展事业。故选D项。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我意识到有些工作会让你快乐，充满活力和灵感。A. lucky幸运的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. energetic充满活力的；D. honest诚实的。由happy和inspired可知，此处energetic最符合语境。故选C项。
【真题对点析】3
(2019·新课标全国卷II)
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen ___42___ alongside the road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___.
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a ___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had ___53___ their dog.
Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough to go to that kind of ___57___,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___.
I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.”
41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard
42. A. read B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping
43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted
44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off
45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued
46. A. home B. past C. back D. on
47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search
48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily
49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded
51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car
52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered
53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured
54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked
55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain
56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns
57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme
58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team
59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close
60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到了主人。
41.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指Ehlers一直在想关于那只狗的事，think about考虑。故选C。
42.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖，trembling发抖。故选B。
43.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth尽力做某事。故选A。
44.D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了，run off“跑开”的意思。故选D。
45.C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用lost“丢失”。故选C。
46.C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers给他的朋友Greg打电话，他们俩又驱车返回。 根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back向后，回原处。故选C。
47.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Greg在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在仔细寻找小狗，search寻找。故选D。
48.A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的frightened, nervousness, fear等词并结合上文并根据下文Ehlers最终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiously谨慎地，小心地。故选A。
49.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，joy开心。故选B。
50.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只丢失的狗。根据本句的in the local paper及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的，advertise登广告。故选B。
51.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码，phone number电话号码。故选B。
52.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指Ehlers给Jeff和Lisa（狗的主人）打了电话，call打电话。故选A。
53.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗，find找到。故选C。
54.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff带着狗在打猎，hunt打猎。故选A。
55.D 【解析】考查介词短语辨析。根据上文Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丢失后没有找到他的狗，in vain徒劳。故选D。
56.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的事。根据上文可知，此处是指Ehlers对狗足够关心，care关心。故选A。
57.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Ehlers开车把那只小狗Rosie送到100英里远的机场，把它航空托运到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，trouble麻烦。故选B。
58.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指Lisa在评论Ehlers帮助他们找回狗付出的努力，effort努力。故选C。
59.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样去接近它。根据下文Ehlers说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样，close to靠近。故选D。
60.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是表达他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do乐意做某事。故选D。
【对点模拟练】3
My first year living in Los Angeles, I was a birthday-party clown(小丑). I 1 with my identity because, though I viewed myself as a filmmaker, everyone in my life associated me with this ridiculous day job.
For certain parties, I had to go as a 2 character, so at the party I'd actually be＂Mickey Mouse" or "Sponge-Bob SquarePants. "One night, I was told that I was going to be Batman. At the time I had a giant mustache but I didn't want to 3 my physical appearance for that job. 4 , for the party, I chose not to shave.
Normally at these parties, you pop in through the front door: "Surprise! Batman's here!" However, my element of 5 was shot because they saw me coming from, like, a quarter of a mile away, which left me plenty of time to 6 my choice not to shave.
Once I got close enough for them to make out the 7 of my face, the entire party 8 in laughter and then into cheers.
After I ran into the party, they were 9 me. I saw the birthday boy with his dad, who was laughing, and he said, "You see, I told you, son. Batman has a mustache." He took me to the huge birthday cake with a Batman drawn on it, and the Batman had a mustache. I just stared at it in 10 .
When 11 bringing the cake out, instead of just admitting that it was messed up, the parents tried to save 12 and said to the boy," Batman always has a mustache. He just shaves it for movies." In a 13 of fate, my mustache confirmed what the parents had said and 14 the kids that I was actually Batman.
That day, there was no doubt in my mind what I was. I may not have been the 15 that they ordered and expected. But that day, I was the hero that they needed.
1．A．started B．stuck C．struggled D．settled
2．A．specific B．leading C．central D．generous
3．A．improve B．change C．make D．judge
4．A．Otherwise B．Besides C．However D．Therefore
5．A．surprise B．joy C．enthusiasm D．anxiety
6．A．withdraw B．regret C．exercise D．influence
7．A．shape B．expression C．features D．wrinkles
8．A．showed up B．calmed down C．ran away D．broke out
9．A．applauding B．blaming C．neglecting D．embarrassing
10．A．peace B．comfort C．disbelief D．despair
11．A．accidentally B．finally C．secretly D．initially
12．A．fuel B．money C．time D．face
13．A．shadow B．path C．twist D．role
14．A．guaranteed B．convinced C．warned D．promised
15．A．hero B．comedian C．actor D．filmmaker

【答案】
1．C2．A3．B4．D5．A6．B7．C8．D9．A
10．C11．D12．D13．C14．B15．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了身为电影制作人的作者，在生日派对上扮演特定的角色，但是为了不改变自己的外貌，作者拒绝刮胡子，结果这天扮作蝙蝠侠来到一个男孩的生日派对上，发现生日蛋糕上也是一个有胡子的蝙蝠侠，这都是始于男孩父母一个挽回面子的谎言，那天，作者成了他们需要的英雄。
1．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣扎于自己的身份，因为尽管我认为自己是一个电影制作人，但我生活中的每个人都把我和这个荒谬的工作联系在一起。A. started开始；B. stuck刺；C. struggled奋斗。挣扎；D. settled解决。结合后文“though I viewed myself as a filmmaker, everyone in my life associated me with this ridiculous day job.”可知作者的身份认同有问题，即别人认为作者是小丑，但是作者觉得自己是电影制片人，所以作者挣扎于自己的身份。故选C。
2．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在某些派对上，我必须扮演特定的角色，所以在派对上，我实际上是“米老鼠”或“海绵宝宝”。A. specific特定的；B. leading领导的；C. central中心的；D. generous慷慨的。结合后文so at the party I'd actually be＂Mickey Mouse" or "Sponge-Bob SquarePants."可知作者每次都需要在派对上演一个特定的角色。故选A。
3．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我留着大胡子，但我不想为了那份工作而改变自己的外貌。A. improve改善；B. change改变；C. make制作；D. judge判断。根据后文“my physical appearance for that job”可知作者不想为工作而改变外貌。故选B。
4．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，为了这次聚会，我选择不刮胡子。A. Otherwise否则；B. Besides而且；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。上文提到因为作者不想改变容貌，所以，作者没有选择刮胡子，前后为因果关系应用therefore。故选D。
5．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我一点也不觉得惊喜，因为他们看到我是从大约四分之一英里以外的地方过来的，这让我有足够的时间后悔我没有剃胡子的选择。A. surprise惊讶；B. joy快乐；C. enthusiasm热情；D. anxiety焦虑。结合上文“Surprise! Batman's here!”可知此处指作者一点也不觉得惊喜。故选A。
6．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我一点也不觉得惊喜，因为他们看到我是从大约四分之一英里以外的地方过来的，这让我有足够的时间后悔我没有剃胡子的选择。A. withdraw撤退；B. regret后悔；C. exercise锻炼；D. influence影响。作者所创造的惊喜感已经完全没有了，所以作者现在很后悔没有剃自己的胡子。故选B。
7．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走得足够近，让他们看清我的面部特征时，整个聚会爆发出一阵笑声，接着又是一阵欢呼。A. shape形状；B. expression表达；C. features特征，特色；D. wrinkles起皱。根据后文“of my face”可知此处指他们看到了作者脸上的典型特征，即作者的胡子构成了作者的典型特征。故选C。
8．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我走得足够近，让他们看清我的面部特征时，整个聚会爆发出一阵笑声，接着又是一阵欢呼。A. showed up露面；B. calmed down冷静；C. ran away逃跑；D. broke out爆发。结合后文“in laughter”可知整个聚会爆发出一阵笑声。故选D。
9．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑进派对后，他们为我鼓掌。A. applauding喝彩；鼓掌B. blaming责备；C. neglecting忽视；D. embarrassing尴尬的。结合上文可知众人都觉得作者搞笑，可推知大家比较喜欢作者的，所以是applaud这个褒义的动作。故选A。
10．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是难以置信地盯着它。A. peace和平；B. comfort安慰；C. disbelief不信，怀疑；D. despair绝望。结合上文“the Batman had a mustache”可知爸爸竟然点了一个有胡子的蝙蝠侠蛋糕，对此作者简直不敢相信。故选C。
11．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一开始拿出蛋糕的时候，父母不想承认事情搞砸了，而是为了挽回面子，对小男孩说:“蝙蝠侠总是留胡子的。”A. accidentally意外地；B. finally终于；C. secretly秘密地；D. initially起初。结合文章内容可知男孩的父母邀请有胡子的作者来派对上扮演蝙蝠侠，是因为起初他们拿出蛋糕的时候，发现事情搞砸了，父母不想承认事情搞砸了才说蝙蝠侠有胡子，并邀请作者前来。故选D。
12．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始拿出蛋糕的时候，父母不想承认事情搞砸了，而是为了挽回面子，对小男孩说:“蝙蝠侠总是留胡子的。”A. fuel燃料；B. money钱；C. time时间；D. face脸。结合上文“instead of just admitting that it was messed up”可知父母不想承认事情搞砸了，所以为了挽回面子才对男孩说蝙蝠侠本来就留有胡子，故选D。
13．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：剧情有了扭转，我的小胡子证实了父母的话，让孩子们相信我就是蝙蝠侠。A. shadow阴影；B. path道路；C. twist扭曲；D. role角色。结合后文“my mustache confirmed what the parents had said”可知作者的胡子证实了父母的话，所以是剧情有了扭转。短语in a twist of fate表示命运（剧情）得到了扭转。故选C。
14．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：剧情有了扭转，我的小胡子证实了父母的话，让孩子们相信我就是蝙蝠侠。A. guaranteed保证；B. convinced使确信，说服；C. warned警告；D. promised承诺。结合上文“my mustache confirmed what the parents had said”可知作者的小胡子证实了父母说蝙蝠侠本来就有胡子的话，让孩子们相信作者就是蝙蝠侠。故选B。
15．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可能不是他们想要和预期的英雄。A. hero英雄；B. comedian喜剧演员；C. actor演员；D. filmmaker电影制作人。结合后文“I was the hero that they needed”可知虽然作者不是他们料想的这个超级英雄，即一模一样的蝙蝠侠（即刮胡子的蝙蝠侠），但是那天作者是他们需要的那个超级英雄。故选A。
【真题对点析】4
(2019·新课标全国卷III)
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year.
Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.”
But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___ residents.
"It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.”
41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice
43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined
48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
50. A. day B. night C. month D. year
51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped
53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting
54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold
55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent
56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store
57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy
60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添一丝明亮。
41.C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. only仅仅；B. obviously显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely准确的。根据前文from late September to mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。
42.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. notice注意。根据后文We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it's darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。
43.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high搞得；D. wide宽的。根据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。
44.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文down in the valley it's darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选A。
45.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。
46.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. computers电脑；B. telescopes望远镜；C. mirrors镜子；D. cameras相机。根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故可知，为一枚镜子，故选C。
47.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered记得；B. forecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。
48.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest休息；D. use使用。根据前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故选D。 put sth to use把某物投入使用。
49.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids禁止；B. directs指导，导演；C. predicts预测；D. follows跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
50.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根据文章可知，太阳光出现在白天，故选A。
51.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. library图书馆；B. hall大厅；C. square广场；D. street街道。根据后文The town square可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。
52.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared出现；B. returned归还；C. faded褪去；D. stopped停止。根据后文Rjukan residents gathered together可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选A。
53.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. hiding隐藏；C. camping露营；D. sitting坐。根据本句and standing there可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故选D。
54.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures照片，图片；B. notes笔记；C. care照顾；D. hold抓住。根据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故选A。
55.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. new新的；B. full满的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故选B。
56.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. block阻挡；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜欢，享受；D. store储存。根据句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。
57.B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思为并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选B。
58.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving热爱自然的；B. energy-saving节能的；C. weather-beaten受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故选D。
59.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。根据前文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。
60.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. trying尝试；B. waiting等待；C. watching观看；D. sharing分享。根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选D。
【对点模拟练】4
Lois Conner calls herself a collector of landscapes(风景). Her 16 started in childhood, but it turned into an artistic mission over the last three decades as she 17 China in search of images(图像)full of detail and history.
And to think, her life's work started almost 18 .
She was a graduate student in photography at Yale, from 1979 to 1981, when she chose a 19 on Ming dynasty landscape painting, where she was 20 by the scenes of the Li River, in what is now Guilin. "I asked my professor, why did they make up that kind of landscape?" she recalled. "And he said, 'That place really 21 .'"
That's when she 22 she had to go to China. She did get there in 1984 and her 23 about Chinese landscapes has kept her 24 ever since. "I started on something and I just feel like it's 25 going to be finished," Ms. Conner said.
Ms. Conner has a 26 affection for lotuses(荷花). "It was raining and it was summer," she said. "I got completely 27 . I just wanted to go home and take a shower. But, all of a sudden, I 28 those lotuses and drops of water sparkling(闪光)on top of them."
" 29 the lotuses, I want to cry and photograph them over and over," Ms. Conner said. "And then when I don't have any 30 film, I just want to sit there. It's like being in 31 . I don't want it to 32 ."
"The most important thing is not a big pile of money, but a life's 33 . Atget is the perfect 34 ," she said, referring to the French photographer Eugene Atget. "He put all the money into his work, but look what he has given us. It's so great. That's what I 35 at the end of my life."
16．A．ambition B．discovery C．interest D．belief
17．A．traveled through B．enquired about C．wrote about D．searched for
18．A．in time B．by turns C．in vain D．by chance
19．A．job B．course C．game D．debate
20．A．covered B．struck C．controlled D．overcome
21．A．improves B．counts C．opens D．exists
22．A．suggested B．knew C．explained D．judged
23．A．description B．imagination C．curiosity D．responsibility
24．A．returning B．dreaming C．learning D．painting
25．A．just B．even C．never D．certainly
26．A．special B．common C．specific D．normal
27．A．cold B．thirsty C．anxious D．wet
28．A．recognized B．noticed C．remembered D．understood
29．A．Holding up B．Thinking of C．Looking at D．Talking about
30．A．better B．quicker C．longer D．more
31．A．love B．safety C．surprise D．silence
32．A．happen B．continue C．stop D．pass
33．A．work B．experience C．value D．lesson
34．A．supporter B．follower C．star D．example
35．A．request B．desire C．adore D．recommend

【答案】
16．C17．A18．D19．B20．B21．D22．B23．C24．A25．C
26．A27．D28．B29．C30．D31．A32．C33．A34．D35．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是记叙文。讲述了Lois Conner喜欢中国山水，不断的来到中国，拍摄中国美丽的风景，并把它作为自己一生的事业。
16．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的兴趣从孩童时开始。 A. ambition抱负；B. discovery发现；C. interest兴趣；D. belief信任。根据上下句可知此处指Lois Conner收藏风景照的兴趣。故选C。
17．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是在过去的三十年里，当她游历中国搜索充满细节和历史的图像时，它变成了一项艺术使命。A. traveled through游历；B. enquired about询问……的情况；C. wrote about写……事情；D. searched for搜寻。根据第四段的“she had to go to China”可知，她去中国游历。故选A。
18．
考查介词短语辨析。句意：想想看，她一生的工作几乎是偶然开始的。A. in time及时；B. by turns轮流地；C. in vain徒然地；D. by chance偶然地。根据下文内容可知，Lois Conner一生致力于拍摄中国山水，而她的这项毕生事业几乎始于偶然。根据下段内容可确定答案。故选D。
19．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1979年至1981年，她是耶鲁大学摄影专业的研究生，那时候她选择明代山水画的课程。A. job工作；B. course课程；C. game游戏； D. debate辩论。 在大学里理应选择的是课程。故选B。
20．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她被桂林漓江的风景迷住。A. covered覆盖；B. struck打动；C. controlled控制；D. overcome克服。根据上文“Lois Conner calls herself a collector of landscapes(风景).”可推断，Lois被漓江的风景迷住。be struck by被……迷住。故选B。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个地方真的存在。A. improves改进；B. counts计算；C. opens开；D. exists存在。根据"why did they make up that kind of landscape?可知Lois Conner以为漓江的风景是有人臆想出来的，而教授的回答是它真实地存在。故选D。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那就是她意识到她必须去中国的时候。A. suggested建议；B. knew知道；C. explained解释；D. judged判断。此处know表示“意识到”（realize）。这时她意识到她得去中国。故选B。
23．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在1984年到达那里，自从那时起，她对中国山水的好奇心让她返回中国。A. description描述； B. imagination想象；C. curiosity好奇；D. responsibility责任。 根据上文“I asked my professor, why did they make up that kind of landscape?”可推断，Lois对中国山水充满好奇。故选C。
24．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在1984年到达那里，自从那时起，她对中国山水的好奇心让她返回中国。 A. returning返回；B. dreaming梦想；C. learning学习；D. painting画。 根据时间状语“in 1984”和“ever since”可推断，Lois对中国山水充满好奇，因此推断她一次次返回中国。故选A。
25．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始做一件事情，感觉好像永远不会结束。 A. just刚刚；B. even甚至；C. never绝不； D. certainly当然。根据上文“her____8____about Chinese landscapes has kept her____9____ever since. "I started on something” 可推断，Lois迷恋中国山水，让她一次次返回中国，感觉永远不会结束。"never going to be finished"与has kept her returning"相呼应。故选C。
26．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Conner特别钟爱荷花。A. special特别的；B. common常见的；C. specific具体的；D. normal正常的。a special affection for lotuses：对荷花的特别钟爱。根据本段及下段中有关Lois Conner喜爱荷花的描述可确定答案。故选A。
27．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我全身都湿透了。A. cold寒冷的；B. thirsty口渴的；C. anxious渴望的；D. wet湿润的。联系“It was raining.."和"I just wanted to go home and take a shower."可确定，她全身都湿透了。故选D。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，突然，我注意到那些荷花和上面闪闪发光的水滴。A. recognized认出；B. noticed注意；C. remembered记住；D. understood理解。由“But, all of a sudden”可推断，这时Lois Conner突然注意到了荷花。故选B。
29．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Conner说：“看着荷花。我想哭，想反复地拍摄。拍到没了胶片，便只想坐在那里，像是坠人爱河，我不想结束。”A. Holding up举起；B. Thinking of想到；C. Looking at看；D. Talking about谈论。本段描述Lois Conner对荷花的痴迷。根据“I want to cry and photograph them over and over”可推断，Conner看着荷花，想反复地拍摄。故选C。
30．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Conner说：“看着荷花。我想哭，想反复地拍摄。拍到没了胶片，便只想坐在那里，像是坠人爱河，我不想结束。”A. better更好；B. quicker更快；C. longer更长；D. more更多。根据下文“I just want to sit there.”可知，Conner反复拍摄荷花，直到不再有胶片，便只想坐在那里。not any more：不再有。故选D。
31．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Conner说：“看着荷花。我想哭，想反复地拍摄。拍到没了胶片，便只想坐在那里，像是坠人爱河，我不想结束。”A. love爱；B. safety安全；C. surprise惊奇；D. silence沉默。 根据上文Conner不断拍摄，拍到没有胶片，因此推断它就像是坠入爱河。be in love恋爱中。故选A。
32．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像是坠人爱河，我不想结束。A. happen发生；B. continue继续；C. stop停止；D. pass经过。根据上文内容可知，Conner沉浸在与荷花的情感中，不想结束。故选C。
33．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的不是一大笔钱，而是一生的工作。A. work工作；B. experience经验；C. value价值；D. lesson课；教训。根据下文"He put all the money into his work, but look what he has given us. It's so great. That's what I 20 at the end of my life.( 他把所有的钱都投入了他的工作，但看看他给了我们什么。太棒了。这就是我生命尽头所渴望的。)"可知，此处说的是Conner的拍摄工作。a life's work：一生的工作。故选A。
34．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Atget是完美的榜样。A. supporter支持者；B. follower追随者；C. star明星； D. example榜样。根据下文"He put all the money into his work. but look what he has given us. It's so great. That's what I 20 at the end of my life."可推断，此处说的是Atget是Conner的榜样。故选D。
35．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我生命尽头所渴望的。A. request要求；B. desire需要；想要得到；C. adore热爱； D. recommend推荐。根据上文内容可知，Conner把Atget作为榜样，认为摄影工作是自己终其一生所想要的。故选B。
Part 3强化集训
【真题模测】
Passage1
（2020 •浙江卷）

I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat.
One morning I ___36___ a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its ___37___ , so I jumped out of the tractor to ___38___ it while Don stayed in his scat.
Lamb and mother ___39___ , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so ___40___ because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. ___41___ Don had somehow made the ___42___move.
My heart froze in my chest as I ___43___ the tractor heading towards the ___44___ .I ran desperately but failed to _____45_____. It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The _____46_____ thing I saw was Don’s face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I _____47_____ the fence and looked over. The tractor was _____48_____against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the _____49_____ road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I _____50_____ the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently _____51_____ , and dashed back to me.
The police _____52_____ and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my _____53_____ it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been _____54_____ .Don was given a special _____55_____ that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.
36. A. dropped B. spotted C. carried D. returned
37. A. kids B. friends C. owner D. mother
38. A. ask about B. play with C. tend to D. run into
39. A. freed B. switched C. reunited D. examined
40 A. unexpected B. dangerous C. embarrassing D. difficult
41. A. Fortunately B. Generally C. Immediately D. Obviously
42. A. lamb B. vehicle C. seat D. fence
43. A. saw B. stopped C. remembered D. drove
44. A. crowd B. motorway C. field D. hill
45. A. take off B. catch up C. hold back D. get out
46. A. real B. best C. basic D. last
47. A. fixed B. noticed C. reached D. closed
48. A. resting B. running C. parking D. turning
49. A. sleep B. long C. rough D. busy
50. A. abandoned B. approached C. recognized D. repaired
51. A. unclean B. uncertain C. unhurt D. unhappy
52. A. arrived B. replied C. survived D. waited
53. A. ability B. dream C. luck D. idea
54. A. common B. confusing C. desirable D. awful
55. A. meal B. test C. job D. lesson
【答案】
36. B 37. D 38. C 39. C 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about询问；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A. freed使自由；B. switched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆；C. seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered记得；D. drove驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群；B. motorway高速公路；C. field旷野；D. hill小山。根据near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off 起飞； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根据I ran desperately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real真实的；B. best最好的； C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed固定；B. noticed注意； C. reached抵达；D. closed关。根据and looked over可知我是抵达了栅栏。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停车；D. turning转动。根据the crash barrier in the central reservation可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long长的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根据fast-flowing traffic可知这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandoned抛弃； B. approached 接近;C. recognized意识到；D. repaired修理。下文说我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean不洁的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unhurt没有受伤的；D. unhappy不快乐的。根据下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived到达；B. replied回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability 能力；B. dream梦想； C. luck运气；D. idea想法。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common普通的；B. confusing混乱的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文作者的极度担忧My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我生它的气。A. meal一餐；B. test测验；C. job工作； D. lesson教训。根据下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。
Passage2
(2019·浙江卷)
There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the ___36___ the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one ___37___ Frenchman has caught our attention.
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving ___38___ on discarded(丢弃)food. The three-month, 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s ___39___ of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.
As you can ___40___, the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants ___41___ tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of ___42___ garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places ___43___ him food that would otherwise be discarded.
For legal ___44___, most restaurants have a policy against ___45___ food waste. "Some people have even ___46___ their jobs by giving me food," Dubanchet said.
What's ___47___ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the ___48___ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to ___49___ at some ___50___ different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 50 is all the more serious when you consider the ___51___ exercise required to bike from France to Poland.
"I have to get food ___52___ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the ___53___,"
Dubanchet explained. "Is my ___54___ full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating."
He aims to ___55___ his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he’ll turn a few more heads in the process.
36. A. cleverer B. older C. stranger D. simpler
37. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving C. food-wasting D. law-breaking
38. A. secretly B. finally C. entirely D. probably
39. A. purpose B. way C. opinion D. dream
40. A. observe B. imagine C. suggest D. remember
41. A. store B. cook C. shop for D. throw away
42. A. locked B. damaged C. connected D. abandoned
43. A. bought B. offered C. ordered D. sold
44. A. reasons B. rights C. fees D. aids
45. A. begging for B. giving away C. hiding D. causing
46. A. did B. kept C. accepted D. risked
47. A. hardly B. usually C. particularly D. merely
48. A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest
49. A. work B. shout C. ask D. jump
50. A. competition B. conversation C. conflict D. challenge
51. A. adequate B. rewarding C. demanding D. suitable
52. A. again B. alone C. later D. fast
53. A. spirit B. energy C. time D. effort
54. A. stomach B. hand C. pocket D. basket
55. A. arrange B. restart C. report D. finish
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意，Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。
36. C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据Usually, the 36 the idea is, the more it gets noticed.可知这里意思是通常，这个观点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。A. cleverer更聪明的；B. older更老的；C. stranger更奇怪；D. simpler更简单的，故选C。
37. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving 38 on discarded(丢弃) food.可知这里意思是那就是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。A. garbage-eating吃垃圾的；B. sports-loving爱好体育的；C. food-wasting浪费食物的； D. law-breaking破坏法律的，故选A。
38. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。A.secretly 秘密地；B. finally 最后；C. entirely完全地；D. probably很可能，故选C。
39. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月、1900英里的旅程，是Dubanchet引起欧洲和全世界对食物残羹注意的道路。A.purpose目的；B.way道路；C.opinion意见；D. dream梦想，故选B。
40. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。A. observe观察；B. imagine想象；C. suggest建议；D. remember记得，故选B。
41. D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁、卫生规定或商业政策，很多食物仍然难以接近。A . store存储；B.cook做饭；C. shop for购买某物；D. throw away扔掉，故选D。
42.A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据it remains inaccessible可知这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。A.locked上锁的；B . damaged被损坏的；C.connected连接的；D. abandoned被抛弃的，故选A。
43. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢弃。A.bought买；B. offered提供；C . ordered命令；D. sold销售，故选B。
44. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止浪费食物的政策。A.reasons原因；B. rights权利；C.fees费用；D. aids援助，故选A。
45.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。A. begging for乞求； B. giving away分发；C . hiding隐藏；D. causing造成，故选B。
46. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。可知这里意思是有些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。A.did做；B. kept保持；C.accepted接受；D. risked冒…的危险，故选D。
47. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet事件的态度。A.hardly几乎不；B. usually 通常；C . particularly特别是；D . merely仅仅，故选C。
48. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.可知这里意思是柏林是最容易的。A.easiest最容易的；B . nearest最近的；C . biggest最大的；D. richest最富有的，故选A。
49. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，他必须在大约50家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能找到食物。A.work工作；B. shout 呼喊；C.ask询问；D. jump跳跃，故选C。
50. D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。A. competition竞赛；B. conversation会话；C. conflict冲突；D. challenge挑战，故选D。
51. C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。A. adequate充足的；B. rewarding有益的；C. demanding要求高的；D. suitable适当的，故选C。
52.D 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：我必须快点吃东西，因为骑了那么多自行车，我累了，我需要能量。A.again再一次；B. alone独自地；C . later后来；D. fast迅速地，故选D。
53. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据because after all the biking I am tired可知我需要能量。A.spirit精神；B . energy能量；C.time时间；D. effort努力，故选B。
54.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.可知这里意思是我的胃是满的还是空的。A. stomach胃；B. hand手；C. pocket口袋；D. basket篮子，故选A。
55. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据With any luck, he'll tum a few more heads in the process.可知这里意思是他计划在七月中旬结束他的旅行。A.arrange安排；B . restart重新开始；C. report报告；D. finish结束，故选D。
Passage3
(2019·北京卷)
Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll ___21___ those things."
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.
Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal.
For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love these kids, "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories."
11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing
12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering
13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered
14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. wandered
15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. conversations
16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already
17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded
18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication
19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious
20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers
21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on
22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme
23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards
24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm
25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates
26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate
27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange
28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced
29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment
30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilson八年来免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。
11.C 【解析】根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilson给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。
12.D 【解析】根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正确。
13.B 【解析】Wilson让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cover。B选项正确。
14.D 【解析】Wilson在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。
15.B 【解析】根据上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”，故B选项正确。drive意为“驾车送（人）”。
16.A 【解析】这些学生将Wilson当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A选项正确。
17.B 【解析】根据后面的介词from可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilson那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B选项正确。
18.A 【解析】对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。A选项正确。transportation意为“运送”。
19.B 【解析】Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。” 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。
20.D 【解析】在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。D选项正确。
21.C 【解析】在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，Wilson会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。
22.D 【解析】根据上一句中的“programme”可知，D选项正确。Wilson最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for College的一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。
23.C 【解析】结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。
24.A 【解析】如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A选项正确。
25.D 【解析】从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。D选项正确。
26.C 【解析】根据下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others….For them, riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilson的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必须的。C选项正确。
27.A 【解析】有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，需用share。A选项正确。
28.B 【解析】乘坐Wilson的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用allow sb. to do sth.。故B选项正确。
29.A 【解析】Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。
30.C 【解析】Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。
【典题模测】
Passage1
For a long time, a little boy was wondering why his deskmate could rank 1st in the class whenever he wanted to, while he himself failed to: he only ranked 21st.
At home, he asked his Mom, “Mom, am I more ___21___than others? I feel I am obedient (听话的) and as careful as him, but ___22___I always fall behind?” Hearing the words, Mom was aware that her son began to ___23___the sense of self-respect, which was now being injured by the ranking system. ___24___at him, she went wordless, not knowing ___25___to explain.
In another test, the son ranked 17th, while his deskmate remained 1st. Back home he ___26___ the same question. Mom really wanted to inform his son that ___27___differs, which means that students ranking 1st are supposed to be cleverer than normal ones. ___28___, was this discouraging answer the one that her son was constantly ___29___about? Thank goodness she did not open her mouth.
How to answer her son’s question? There were times when she felt an urge to equivocate (搪塞), “ You are too lazy. You are not as hard working as others…” but she stopped ___30___imagining her son suffering from the pains of unsatisfied grades and rankings. She thought it ___31___to put any additional burden on his son and was trying to find out a perfect answer.
Time passing swiftly, the son ___32___primary school. Despite studying harder and better, he was still unable to keep up with his deskmate. To show her pride of him, Mom decided to ___33___him to the sea. During the trip, she managed to give an answer.
Now, the son no longer worries about his ___34___, and there are no boring guys who would inquire his rankings in primary school, because, ___35___the 1st ranking, he was admitted to Tsinghua University. Back home in winter vacation, he was invited to ___36___the students and parents in his high school. In the speech, he mentioned a valuable experience in his childhood, “… When my mother and I were sitting on the ___37___, she pointed to the front and said, ‘Do you see the sea birds struggling for food over there? When the waves come near, little birds can rise ___38___while “awkward” seagulls will take more time to complete the process. However, have you noticed birds that finally fly ___39___the endless ocean are none other than the “awkward” seagulls?’” The speech ___40___many mothers present to tears, including his mother.
21. A. considerate B. careless C. stupid D. clever
22. A. what if B. how come C. how about D. what for
23. A. lose B. have C. win D. beat
24. A. Shouting B. Glaring C. Staring D. Pointing
25. A. which B. why C. when D. how
26. A. raised B. met C. answered D. solved
27. A. intelligence B. right C. knowledge D. strength
28. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Thus D. However
29. A. enthusiastic B. curious C. crazy D. clear
30. A. if B. before C. unless D. when
31. A. cruel B. important C. disappointed D. necessary
32. A. attended B. started C. finished D. entered
33. A. direct B. take C. bring D. push
34. A. homework B. belongings C. health D. rankings
35. A. in B. about C. with D. on
36. A. teach B. deliver C. address D. face
37. A. floor B. road C. bank D. beach
38. A. quickly B. suddenly C. slowly D. sharply
39. A. into B. through C. across D. throughout
40 A. made B. moved C. impressed D. inspired
答案
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了怀疑自己比其他人笨的作者，以第一名的成绩被清华大学录取后，一次演讲让在场的很多母亲，包括他自己的母亲都感动得留下了眼泪。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在家里，他问妈妈：“我比其他人笨吗？”A. considerate体贴的，体谅的；B. careless粗心的，草率的；C. stupid笨的，愚蠢的；D. clever聪明的。根据上文可知，作者的同桌在考试中排第一名而作者仅排到第二十一名，因此他怀疑自己比其他人笨。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查固定用法。句意：我觉得我听话和他一样地细心，但是我怎么会总是落后？A. what if如果……怎么办；B. how come怎么会；C. how about……好吗；D. what for为什么。小男孩儿想自己听话并且一样细心，产生了疑问：怎么会在成绩上总是落后？，how come后接句子，在语意上相当于why。what for后面不能接句子。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈意识到自己的儿子开始具有自尊心，而这种自尊心正受到排名制度的伤害。A. lose失去；B. have有；C. win赢得；D. beat击败。母亲意识到儿子开始有了自尊心。选择have表示“拥有”，符合语境。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语 。句意：凝视着儿子，她无言以对，不知道该如何解释。各选项与at组成的短语相应的意思是：A. shout at对……大声喊；B. glare at用愤怒的目光注视；C. stare at盯着……看；D. point at指向。儿子向妈妈寻求答案，妈妈盯着儿子看着却无法回答。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查特殊疑问词。句意：凝视着儿子，她无言以对，不知道该如何解释。A. which哪一个；B. why为什么；C. when什么时候；D. how如何。由wordless可知，母亲无言以对，不知该如何解释这件事。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家他提出同样的问题。A. raised提出；B. met遇见；C. answered回答；D. solved解决。在另一次考试之后，儿子排了第17名，他的同桌还是第一名，因此他提出了相同的问题。raise表示“提出，提起”，合乎语境。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈真的很想告诉儿子这是智力的差异，这意味着排名第一的学生应该比普通学生聪明。A. intelligence智力；B. right权利；C. knowledge知识；D. strength强度。从后面的“be cleverer than normal ones”可知，妈妈想告诉儿子考试排名的不同是智力上的差异造成的。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：难道这个令人失望的回答就是儿子一直想知道的问题的答案吗？A. Therefore因此；B. Instead代替；C. Thus 从而；D. However然而。由空后的疑问句可知，母亲在犹豫要不要告诉孩子这个令人丧气的答案，结合第7小题的句意可知，空格前后的上下文是转折关系，应选择however。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：难道这个令人失望的回答就是儿子一直想知道的问题的答案吗？A. enthusiastic满腔热情的，热心的；B. curious好奇的；C. crazy发疯的，疯狂的；D. clear清楚的。儿子问妈妈两次是不是自己笨，说明他对于这一点感到好奇。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：“你太懒惰，你不像其他人那么努力”。但是当她想到儿子遭受成绩和排名不满意的痛苦时，她停了下来。A. if 如果；B. before 在……之前；C. unless除非；D. when当……时候。想到儿子因不理想的成绩和排名所遭受的痛苦时，她没有这样说。when 表示“当……时”，符合语境。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她认为把任何额外的负担加到儿子身上都是残忍的，她试图找到一个完美的答案。A. cruel残忍的；B. important重要的；C. disappointed失望的；D. necessary必要的。作为妈妈，在儿子付出努力的情况下，如果说儿子做得不够好，说儿子不够聪明，会给儿子带来额外的负担，这对于小孩子而言是残忍的。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：时间很快过去，儿子小学毕业了。A. attended参加；B. started 开始；C. finished结束；D. entered进入。根据文中的“Time passing swiftly”可知，他读完了小学。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲带着儿子去海边。A. direct指挥；B. take 带，采取；C. bring带来；D. push推。由下一句可知，妈妈带儿子去旅行。take somebody to someplace：带某人到某地去。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，儿子不再为自己的排名担心，也没有无聊的人会询问他在小学的排名，因为他以第一名的成绩被清华大学录取了。A. homework作业；B. belongings所有物，财物；C. health健康；D. rankings排名。以前他很担心自己的排名，后来以第一名的成绩被清华大学录取后，他不再担心自己的排名了。rankings在下一句中出现了。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在，儿子不再为自己的排名担心，也没有无聊的人会询问他在小学的排名，因为他以第一名的成绩被清华大学录取了。A. in在……里面；B. about关于；C. with 用，以；D. on在……上。他以第一名的成绩被清华大学录取了。with the 1st ranking表示“以第一名的成绩”。符合语境。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：寒假时他被邀请到高中时的母校给学生和家长们做演讲。A. teach教；B. deliver发言，讲话，交付；C. address演讲，向……说话；D. face面对。address sb：对……说话，符合语境。deliver可表示“发言，讲话”，但应该用deliver a speech to somebody。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我和妈妈坐在海滩时，她指着前面说：“你看到海鸟在那里争夺食物吗？”A. floor地板；B. road路；C. bank银行；D. beach海滩。根据上文中说到的母子到海边的事情，可知这里指海滩。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当海浪临近时，小鸟可以迅速地飞起来而笨拙的海鸥将需要更多的时间来完成该过程。A. quickly迅速地；B. suddenly突然；C. slowly慢慢地；D. sharply急剧地。根据该空后的“take more time to complete the process”可知，该句子是将小鸟与海鸥进行对比，表示“当海浪逼近时，小鸟迅速地飞起”。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：但是，你是否注意到最终飞过无尽的海洋的不过是笨拙的海鸥？A. into进入；B. through通过；C. across跨越；D. throughout贯穿。fly across表示“飞越”，across表示“从物体的表面穿过、横过”，涉及“面”的概念，宾语是the ocean，选择across符合语境。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查固定用法。句意：他的演讲让在场的很多母亲，包括他自己的母亲都感动得留下了眼泪。A. made制作；B. moved 使某人感动；C. impressed使铭记；D. inspired启发。move sb.to tears表示“让某人感动得流下了眼泪”，是固定用法，故选B。
Passage2
One of my neighbors used to have a beautiful tree in her front yard. Her dad had planted it for her 1 it was nothing more than a little branch and several years later it started to 2 towards the sky at an amazing speed. Soon it blessed her with cooling 3 in the summer and glorious, golden leaves in the fall.
When the two-day snowstorm struck our town, heavy snow 4 the tree’s branches that were still full of leaves. The weight split that lovely tree down the 5 . It was so sad seeing half of it 6 on the ground after the storm. When I talked to my neighbor later, she said that the damage had been too much and that the 7 tree would have to be cut down.
8 , she had saved a few seedlings from it that she hoped to 9 in the future.
Still, it was a shock to drive by her house the other day and see 10 but a stump (树 桩 ) in her front yard. I missed that tree. I missed its branches, its leaves 11 in the afternoon sun. I missed seeing its limbs reach towards the heavens. I thought that the stump would be a sad 12 of its loss for a long time to come.
My wonderful neighbor had another plan, 13 . When I drove by her home today I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting on that stump and a colorful songbird having its 14 . It was such an affirmation (肯定) of life. It was such a joy to 15 . I could feel my heart 16 .
Life by its very nature is a 17 bag. It hands us both beauty and tragedy, love and loss, 18 and pain. What we do with it, however, is up to us. We can let it 19 us in two, or we can use even its hardest times to make our 20 stronger and our hearts more loving. We can spend it complaining or we can use it to help others.
1．A．unless B．when C．until D．because
2．A．circulate B．chase C．shoot D．stand
3．A．wind B．shade C．quality D．system
4．A．fell on B．took apart C．got through D．broke down
5．A．top B．middle C．bottom D．root
6．A．dancing B．spreading C．trembling D．lying
7．A．abnormal B．bare C．hopeless D．entire
8．A．Originally B．Doubtfully C．Thankfully D．Particularly
9．A．replace B．renew C．replant D．remove
10．A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing
11．A．falling B．shaking C．floating D．shining
12．A．story B．expectation C．reminder D．view
13．A．though B．therefore C．still D．otherwise
14．A．rest B．baby C．date D．dinner
15．A．see B．solve C．approach D．realize
16．A．beat B．smile C．hurt D．sink
17．A．mixed B．changeable C．separated D．stable
18．A．sorrow B．wealth C．pleasure D．wonder
19．A．spilt B．pull C．benefit D．attach
20．A．connections B．families C．bodies D．souls
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者很喜欢邻居家的一棵树，但是很不幸，这棵树在一场雪暴中被严重损害，邻居不得已只有把它砍掉，为此作者感到惋惜和怀念。可当邻居在树桩上安装喂鸟器引来鸟儿时，作者看到了生命的迹象。因此他恍然大悟，原来生命是一个混合体，给我们带来不同的体验。面对生命不好的一面时，我们可以选择被击败，也可以选择更强大。
1．B 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：她的爸爸为她种下了这棵树，那时这棵树还不过是个小树枝，几年后，它以令人震惊的速度向着天空猛长。A. unless除非；B. when当；C. until直到；D. because因为。结合句意可知，此处是指树被种下时还很小，故用“当”符合语境，故选B项。
2．C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. circulate循环；B. chase追；C. shoot猛长；D. stand站立。结合句意，此处是指当年的小树苗飞快地猛长，故选C项。
3．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快它就为邻居提供炎炎夏日的阴凉处，以及秋天美丽的金黄叶子。A. wind风；B. shade阴凉处；C. quality质量；D. system系统。根据后文的in the summer可知此处用“阴凉处”符合语境，故选B项。
4．A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当长达两天的雪暴袭击我们小镇时，大雪落到长满叶子的枝桠上。A. fell on落在……上；B. took apart拆开；C. got through完成，度过；D. broke down毁掉。结合常识，此处用“大雪落到枝桠上”符合逻辑，故选A项。
5．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：雪的重量把这棵树拦腰扯断。A. top 顶部；B. middle中部；C. bottom底部；D. root根。根据下文的It was so sad seeing half of it ___6___ on the ground after the storm. 可知树的一半在地上，故推测树是被拦腰扯断的，故选B项。
6．D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：雪暴之后看到树的一半躺在地上让人觉得很伤心。A. dancing跳舞；B. spreading传播，伸展；C. trembling颤抖；D. lying躺。结合上下文此处是用拟人的手法来表达树倒在地上，故选D项。
7．D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，当我和邻居交谈时，她说树被毁的很严重，还说整棵树都不得不被砍掉。A. abnormal不正常的；B. bare秃的；C. hopeless 无助的；D. entire整个的。根据下文的but a stump (树 桩 ) in her front yard.可知作者路过时只看到了一个树桩，故此处用“整棵树都要被砍掉”符合语境，故选D项。
8．C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸亏，她留了些树的种子，她希望将来可以再种这样的树。A. Originally最初；B. Doubtfully疑惑地；C. Thankfully幸亏，感激的； D. Particularly尤其。根据上文的It was so sad seeing half of it ___6___ on the ground after the storm.可知作者对这棵树被毁感到很惋惜，故此处用“幸亏”可以表达作者听说邻居留有树种时的心情，故选C项。
9．C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. replace代替；B. renew更新；C. replant再种；D. remove移除。结合上下文可判断，邻居留下树种的目的就是为了再种这样的树，故选C项。
10．D 【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，几天前我开车路过她家，看到只有一个树桩的前院时感到很震惊。A. everything每件事/物；B. something某事/物；C. anything任何事/物；D. nothing没有事/物。结合上下文可知，此处要表达树被砍之后院子里空荡荡的景象，nothing but只有，符合语境，故选D项。
11．D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想念它的枝桠，想念它在午后阳光里闪闪发光的叶子。A. falling落；B. shaking摆动；C. floating漂浮；D. shining闪光。联系上下文可知，作者喜欢并想念这棵树，所以此处应该描写树的美好，用“午后阳光里闪闪发光的叶子”可表达此意，故选D项。
12．C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想在未来的很长一段时间里树桩都将是一个悲伤的提醒，提醒它的消失。A. story故事；B. expectation期待；C. reminder提醒，暗示；D. view观点。此处是指作者一看到树桩就会想到树被雪暴毁掉的事情，用“提醒”符合语境，故选C项。
13．A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的好邻居有了另外一个计划。A. though然而；B. therefore因此；C. still仍然；D. otherwise否则。结合上下文可知，之前邻居准备重新种树，后来却在树桩上安装了喂鸟装置，所以此处用“然而”符合语境，故选A项。
14．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我开车路过她家时看到树桩上有个小型的喂鸟器，一只彩色的鸣鸟正在吃食。A. rest休息；B. baby婴儿；C. date日期；D. dinner正餐。结合前文的bird feeder sitting可知此处用“吃食”符合语境，故选D项。
15．A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这样的情形令人愉快。A. see看见；B. solve解决；C. approach接近；D. realize意识到。此处是指作者看到树桩上又有了生命感到高兴，且前文的 I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting也有暗示，故选A项。
16．B 【解析】考查动词义辨析。句意：我能感受到我的心在微笑。A. beat跳动；B. smile微笑；C. hurt伤害；D. sink下沉。根据前文的It was such a joy to ___15___.可知作者看到这种景象很高兴，故此处用“微笑”符合语境，故选B项。
17．A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生命本身就是一个混合的袋子。A. mixed混合的；B. changeable有挑战的；C. separated隔离的；D. stable稳定的。根据下文的It hands us both beauty and tragedy, love and loss,可知我们的生命中既有美好也有悲剧，既有爱也有失去，故此处用“混合的”符合语境，故选A项。
18．C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我们美好和悲剧，爱和失去，快乐和痛苦。A. sorrow悲伤；B. wealth财富；C. pleasure快乐；D. wonder奇迹。根据前文的beauty and tragedy, love and loss,可知此处用“快乐”符合语境，故选C项。
19．A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以让它把我们撕成两块，我们甚至可以利用最难的时刻来让我们的灵魂更坚强，让我们的心更有爱。A. spilt撕，扯；B. pull拉；C. benefit对……有益；D. attach贴上，系上。结合前文的The weight split that lovely tree down the可知此处用“撕/扯”符合语境，split是原词复现，故选A项。
20．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. connections联系；B. families家庭；C. bodies身体；D. souls灵魂。结合下文的our hearts more loving.可知这句是谈论精神层面的收获，故用“灵魂”符合语境和逻辑，故选D项。
Passage3
A few years after Dad died, my 82-year-old mom moved away from the family farm near Almonte into her first apartment, which meant 1 for her to go for groceries. We were also 2 that she was living alone and hoped this 3 would really widen her social 4 .
As she and I 5 her belongings, Mom shared with me all kinds of 6 about her and my father’s life together. Then we drove to town, 7 the unwanted items at Almonte’s secondhand store, where they could be 8 and the money would go to charity.
A local gentleman, who had 9 one of Mom’s old suitcases, found a black-and-white negative (底片) in an envelope, with the word “Daddy” 10 in pencil on the front. Knowing that this film certainly 11 something to someone, he took it to the Almonte Gazette, attempting to find its rightful 12 through the paper.
A week later, a big photo of my father appeared in our local paper, with a story to 13 it. Readers responded immediately; they 14 “Daddy” well — it was their uncle, brother-in-law, neighbor, friend, favorite bus driver…
So Mom and I went to the Gazette right away to 15 our film. We thanked the staff and also called the 16 to express our heart-felt gratitude for 17 Mom, Daddy and me.
What a(n) 18 act! It meant the world to us. Mom eventually moved into a nursing home. She passed away in November, 2018, at 98, and until then 19 a day went by that she did not look at, in her words, “that famous 20 of Daddy,” on her bedside table.
1．A．cheaper B．safer C．farther D．easier
2．A．pleased B．concerned C．depressed D．relieved
3．A．move B．schedule C．compromise D．journey
4．A．knowledge B．status C．circle D．influence
5．A．picked up B．looked over C．sorted through D．put away
6．A．stories B．anecdotes C．jokes D．treasures
7．A．selling B．leaving C．depositing D．casting
8．A．evaluated B．donated C．recycled D．resold
9．A．rented B．searched C．bought D．emptied
10．A．written B．drawn C．printed D．carved
11．A．attached B．meant C．indicated D．presented
12．A．loser B．character C．collector D．owner
13．A．compare B．confirm C．attract D．accompany
14．A．treated B．knew C．blessed D．commented
15．A．check B．recognize C．claim D．appreciate
16．A．tinder B．editor C．photographer D．journalist
17．A．contacting B．considering C．informing D．reuniting
18．A．warming B．heartbreaking C．unintentional D．coincident
19．A．simply B．merely C．hardly D．happily
20．A．smile B．picture C．poster D．signature
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了爸爸过世后，作者和妈妈整理物品，将不需要的东西放在二手店里待售之后，一张名为“Daddy”的底片失而复得的暖心故事，
1．D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析和语境理解。句意：爸爸去世几年后，我82岁的母亲搬离了阿尔蒙特附近的家庭农场，搬进了她的第一套公寓，这意味着她可以更方便地去买杂货。A. cheaper更便宜的；B. safer更安全的；C. farther更远的；D. easier更容易的。根据语境可知，作者的妈妈之前住在农场，一般离市区较远；在爸爸过世后要搬到公寓里住，公寓一般在市区，生活便利。故选D项。
2．B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们还担心她是一个人住，希望此举能真正扩大她的社交圈。 A. pleased 高兴的；满意的；B. concerned担心的；关心的；C. depressed绝望的；D. relieved放心的。根据语境可知，作者对于父亲过世后，母亲单独住表示担心。故选B项。
3．A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们还担心她是一个人住，希望此举能真正扩大她的社交圈。A. move移动；迁居；搬家；B. schedule日程安排；C. compromise妥协；和解；D. journey旅程。根据语境可知，妈妈要搬到公寓里住，因此称之为“搬家，迁居”，故选A项。
4．C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们还担心她是一个人住，希望此举能真正扩大她的社交圈。A. knowledge知识；B. status地位；C. circle循环；圈子；D. influence影响。根据语境可知，widen her social___, 可以理解为“扩大她的社交圈”，故选C项。
5．C 【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：在我和妈妈整理她的东西时，她给我讲了她和我爸爸在一起生活的各种故事。A. picked up拾起；中途接某人；B. looked over检查；C. sorted through分类；整理；D. put away放好；储存。根据后文the unwanted items（不要的东西）可知，我和母亲在整理她的物品。故选C项。
6．A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我和妈妈整理她的东西时，她给我讲了她和我爸爸在一起生活的各种故事。A. stories 故事；B. anecdotes奇闻轶事；C. jokes笑话；D. treasures珍宝。根据句意和语境可知，妈妈和我分享了她和爸爸之间的故事。故选A项。
7．B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析和固定结构。句意：然后我们开车进城，把不需要的东西留在阿尔蒙特的旧货店里，在那里可以再出售，钱会捐给慈善机构。A. selling售卖；B. leaving离开；留下；C. depositing存放；D. casting投掷。根据后文介词at 可知，此处考查leave sth at sp 结构，意为“把某物留在某地”，故选B项。
8．D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们开车进城，把不需要的东西留在阿尔蒙特的旧货店里，在那里可以再出售，钱会捐给慈善机构。A. evaluated评价；评估；B. donated捐赠；C. recycled回收；D. resold再出售。根据后文“the money would go to charity”可知，留在二手店里物品再出售的钱捐到慈善机构。故选D项。
9．C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位当地的绅士买了妈妈的一个旧手提箱，在一个信封里发现了一张黑白底片，正面用铅笔写着“爸爸”两个字。 A. rented租赁；B. searched搜寻；C. bought买到；D. emptied使失去；将……倒空。根据句意和语境可知，这位男士买到了妈妈存放在二手店里旧箱子。故选C项。
10．A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位当地的绅士买了妈妈的一个旧手提箱，在一个信封里发现了一张黑白底片，正面用铅笔写着“爸爸”两个字。A. written写；B. drawn 画；C. printed 打印；D. carved刻。根据句意和语境可知，黑白底片上用铅笔写着“Daddy”。故选A项。
11．B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他知道这张底片肯定对某个人有意义，于是把它带到《阿尔蒙特公报》，试图通过报纸找到它的合法主人。A. attached粘着；B. meant意味着；C. indicated指出；显示；D. presented提出；呈递，提供。根据句意和语境可知，底片对于拥有者来说是有意义的。故选B项。
12．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道这张底片肯定对某个人有意义，于是把它带到《阿尔蒙特公报》，试图通过报纸找到它的合法主人。 A. loser失败者；B. character人物；性格；C. collector收藏家；D. owner主人；所有者。根据句意和语境可知，无意中发现底片的男士想要通过报纸找到底片的主人。故选D项。
13．D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周后，我父亲的一张大照片出现在我们当地的报纸上，并附了一个故事。A. compare比较；B. confirm确认；C. attract吸引；D. accompany陪伴；伴随。根据句意和语境可知，与照片一起刊登在报纸上的还有一个故事。D项accompany符合句意要求，故选D项。
14．B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：读者立即回应；他们很了解“Daddy”这张照片——那是他们的叔叔、姐夫、邻居、朋友、最喜欢的司机……A. treated对待；招待；B. knew知道；C. blessed祝福；赞美；D. commented评论。根据后文it was their uncle, brother-in-law, neighbor, friend, favorite bus driver…可知，报纸的读者对这张刊登在报纸上的“Daddy”很熟悉。故选B项。
15．C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意: 所以我和妈妈马上去公报认领我们的底片。A. check检查；核对；B. recognize辨认；公认；C. claim声称；认领；D. appreciate欣赏；感激。根据句意和语境可知，作者和母亲去认领底片。C项claim有“认领”含义。故选C项。
16．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们感谢了工作人员，也给编辑打了电话，对妈妈、爸爸和我团聚表示衷心的感谢。A. tinder火绒；易燃物；B. editor编辑；C. photographer摄影师；D. journalist记者。根据句意和语境可知，随着照片一起刊登的故事使作者和母亲很感激。故事由编辑所刊登。故选B项。
17．D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们感谢了工作人员，也给编辑打了电话，对妈妈、爸爸和我团聚表示衷心的感谢。A. contacting联系；B. considering考虑；认为；C. informing 通知；D. reuniting重聚。根据后文“Mom, Daddy and me.”可知为一家三口；一家人，D项reuniting用在此处表示“使一家人重聚在一起”，符合句意和语境要求。故选D项。
18．A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多么温暖的举动啊！A.warming 让人感到温暖的；B. heartbreaking伤心的；C. unintentional非故意的；无意识的；D. coincident巧合的。根据句意和语境可知，空之后的act(行为)指的上文提及的事情，应用褒义词修饰。故选A项。
19．C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她于2018年11月去世，享年98岁。在那之前，她几乎每天都在床头柜上看，用她的话来说，就是“爸爸那张著名的照片”。A. simply简单地；仅仅；简直；B. merely仅仅，只不过；只是；C. hardly几乎不；D. happily高兴地；幸福地。根据句意和语境可知，此句表达母亲每天都看那张“Daddy”的照片。句中已经存在否定词not, 应用双重否定表述肯定，故选C项。
20．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她于2018年11月去世，享年98岁。在那之前，她几乎每天都在床头柜上看，用她的话来说，就是“爸爸那张著名的照片”。A. smile微笑；B. picture照片；图片；C. poster海报；D. signature签名。根据复现原则，此处的“Daddy”为上文提及的照片photo。故选B项。